Water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motor

Abstract

This invention discloses a water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motor, which relates to the field of energy-saving motor technology. This water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motor achieves fully synchronous operation—cooling occurs as the motor runs and pumping stops as the motor stops—by directly driving the coolant pumping mechanism through the motor shaft. Under normal temperature and light load conditions, the moving blades of the pumping reinforcement component are in a parallel cutting state of the coolant, rotating only with the shaft without generating additional pushing resistance, resulting in low motor rotational losses and higher operating efficiency. When the motor enters heavy load, high speed, or other high-heat conditions, the system uses a purely mechanical temperature control linkage of heat pipes, drive components, racks, and gears to automatically switch the moving blades to a high angle of attack pushing state. The cooling flow rate increases in real time with the temperature rise, achieving precise matching between heat generation and heat dissipation. This fundamentally avoids energy waste caused by high flow rate under low loads and overheating problems caused by insufficient flow rate under high loads, ensuring that the permanent magnet motor always operates within its high-efficiency and energy-saving range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy-saving motor technology, specifically a water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motor. Background Technology

[0002] Permanent magnet speed-regulating motors, due to their advantages such as high efficiency, fast response, and wide speed range, have been widely used in energy-saving fields such as industrial transmission, HVAC, fans, and water pumps. However, as equipment develops towards higher power, higher speed, and higher load, the stator and rotor of the motor will generate a large amount of heat during continuous operation. If heat cannot be dissipated in a timely and even manner, it can easily lead to high-temperature demagnetization of the permanent magnets, resulting in decreased torque, reduced efficiency, shortened lifespan, and even winding burnout.

[0003] Referring to the water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motor disclosed in patent application CN104795934B, this technology achieves higher reliability by abandoning the cantilever structure used in the original permanent magnet speed-regulating products. It completely changes the passive situation of the original permanent magnet speed-regulating products having poor versatility and requiring the reconstruction of the motor foundation during installation. This technology is fully compatible with the installation dimensions of general motors, has good interchangeability, thereby saving investment and shortening installation time. The structure of this technology is very reasonable, making the cooling of the permanent magnet speed regulator simple and easy, and low in cost. The water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motors described above have the following drawbacks in practical use: 1) Currently, traditional permanent magnet speed-regulating motors mostly use external water pumps for forced cooling. This method requires additional water-cooled power sources, control valves, and sensors, which not only makes the structure complex and takes up a lot of space, but also increases the energy consumption and failure rate of the whole machine. At the same time, the external cooling system is not synchronized with the motor body, which can easily lead to excessive cooling under light load and insufficient heat dissipation under heavy load and high speed, resulting in poor temperature control.

[0004] 2) Although some built-in water-cooled motors have cooling channels inside the casing, the coolant circulation is mostly at a fixed flow rate, which cannot be adaptively adjusted according to load and temperature changes, and the cooling capacity does not match the actual heat demand.

[0005] Therefore, this invention proposes a water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motor to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motor. It solves the problems of traditional permanent magnet speed-regulating motors, which often use external water pumps for forced cooling. This requires additional water-cooled power sources, control valves, and sensors, resulting in complex structures, large space requirements, increased energy consumption, and higher failure rates. Furthermore, the external system is not synchronized with the motor, leading to excessive cooling under light loads and insufficient heat dissipation under heavy loads and high speeds, resulting in poor temperature control. Some built-in water-cooled motors only have fixed flow channels and a fixed coolant flow rate, which cannot adaptively adjust to load and temperature, leading to a mismatch between cooling capacity and heat generation requirements.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motor, comprising a motor housing and a motor shaft rotatably disposed inside it, the motor shaft rotatably passing through the motor housing and extending to the outside, a rotor fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the motor shaft, and a stator fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the motor housing, a speed controller for controlling the speed adjustment of the permanent magnet energy-saving motor fixedly disposed on one side of the top of the motor housing, a spiral cooling channel opened inside the motor housing, and a first partition and a second partition fixedly disposed on the two sides of the inside of the motor housing, respectively, forming a coolant storage chamber and a coolant pumping chamber between the first partition, the second partition and the motor housing, respectively, a plurality of return ports for returning coolant to its interior evenly opened above the inner wall of the coolant storage chamber, a plurality of pumping pipes for guiding the coolant inside the spiral cooling channel evenly fixedly disposed at the top of the coolant pumping chamber, and a partition plate fixedly disposed below the interior of the coolant storage chamber, the partition plate dividing the coolant storage chamber into an upper chamber and a lower chamber; The lower chamber and the coolant pumping chamber are connected by a connecting pipe. The connecting pipe is fixedly equipped with a one-way valve that allows coolant to flow from the lower chamber into the coolant pumping chamber. The front end of the motor housing is equipped with an air-cooling component for cooling the coolant, and the rear end of the motor housing is equipped with a coolant pumping mechanism for pumping coolant into a spiral cooling channel.

[0008] Furthermore, the air-cooling assembly includes a plurality of cooling pipes evenly arranged, one end of each cooling pipe being connected to the interior of the coolant storage chamber, and the other ends of the plurality of cooling pipes being fixedly connected to an annular pipe. A manifold is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the outer wall of the annular pipe, and the end of the manifold away from the annular pipe is connected to the lower chamber. Fan blades are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the motor shaft and located between the motor housing and the plurality of cooling pipes to accelerate the airflow speed on the surfaces of the plurality of cooling pipes and the manifold.

[0009] Furthermore, the coolant pumping mechanism includes an annular frame fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the motor shaft and located inside the coolant pumping chamber. Multiple fixed blades are uniformly fixed on the outer wall of the annular frame, and a pumping enhancement component for increasing or decreasing the coolant pumping capacity is provided on the outer wall of the annular frame and between two adjacent fixed blades.

[0010] Furthermore, an inner ring frame and an outer ring frame are fixedly installed on the side wall of the second partition near the annular frame. The inner ring frame is located inside the outer ring frame and the two are coaxially arranged. An annular guide groove is formed between the inner ring frame and the outer ring frame. An installation ring is movably installed in the annular guide groove. Multiple racks corresponding to the positions of multiple pumping reinforcement components are uniformly fixed on the side wall of the installation ring facing the annular frame. A cross-shaped annular groove is opened on the side wall of the installation ring away from the racks. Multiple driving components are slidably installed inside the cross-shaped annular groove. Multiple driving components are jointly installed on the side wall of the heat pipe. Multiple annular heat-conducting fins are uniformly fixed on the outer wall of the heat pipe, and the heat pipe is filled with a heat-conducting medium.

[0011] Furthermore, the pumping reinforcement assembly includes a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the side wall of the annular frame, a movable blade fixedly mounted at the end of the rotating shaft, and a gear fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft. The rack and the gear at the corresponding position mesh with each other. A T-shaped groove is provided at the bottom of the rack, and a slide rail is slidably mounted in the T-shaped groove. The slide rail is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the annular frame.

[0012] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a heat-conducting oil pipe fixedly disposed on the side wall of the heat-conducting pipe and connected to its interior. One end of the heat-conducting oil pipe away from the heat-conducting pipe is fixedly disposed on the side wall of the second partition. A piston is slidably disposed inside the heat-conducting oil pipe. A drive plate is fixedly disposed at the end of the piston away from the heat-conducting pipe. The drive plate slidably passes through the second partition and is slidably disposed in a cross-shaped annular groove. A spring is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the drive plate between the piston and the second partition.

[0013] Furthermore, a miniature one-way valve is fixedly installed inside the pumping pipe, allowing only coolant to flow into the spiral cooling channel, and the bottom opening of the pumping pipe is inclined, with the opening facing the direction of rotation of the motor shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner wall of the spiral cooling channel is uniformly embedded with multiple sets of thermally conductive ceramic sheets. One side of the thermally conductive ceramic sheet is in close contact with the inner wall of the spiral cooling channel, and the other side extends into the mating gap between the stator and the motor housing. A thermally conductive silicone grease layer is filled between the thermally conductive ceramic sheet and the outer wall of the stator.

[0015] Furthermore, the top of the coolant storage chamber is provided with a detachable coolant injection pipe, and the coolant injection pipe is provided with a filter core inside. The filter core is composed of an upper non-woven fabric filter layer, a middle activated carbon adsorption layer and a lower molecular sieve dehydration layer, and the opening of the coolant injection pipe is provided with a sealing cap.

[0016] This invention provides a water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motor. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages: 1. A water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motor, which directly drives the coolant pumping mechanism using the motor shaft, eliminates the need for additional cooling pumps, sensors, controllers, and external piping, achieving fully synchronous operation where cooling occurs during motor operation and pumping stops immediately upon motor shutdown. The overall structure is more compact and simple, with no easily failed electrical components, allowing for stable operation under harsh conditions such as humidity, dust, oil, and strong vibration, significantly reducing failure rates and subsequent maintenance costs. Furthermore, it abandons the traditional method of circulating heat dissipation through external water-cooling equipment, making the invention more energy-efficient and with lower operating costs.

[0017] 2. A water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motor, under normal temperature and light load conditions, has its pumping reinforcement component's moving blades in a parallel cutting state of the coolant, rotating only with the shaft without generating additional fluid-pushing resistance. This results in low motor rotational losses and higher operating efficiency. When the motor enters heavy load, high speed, or other high-heat conditions, the system uses a purely mechanical temperature control linkage of heat pipes, drive components, rack, and gears to automatically switch the moving blades to a high angle of attack fluid-pushing state. The cooling flow rate increases in real time with the temperature rise, achieving precise matching between heat generation and heat dissipation. This fundamentally avoids energy waste caused by high flow rate under low loads and overheating problems caused by insufficient flow rate under high loads, ensuring the permanent magnet motor always operates within its high-efficiency and energy-saving range.

[0018] 3. A water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motor features a spiral cooling channel that continuously surrounds the inner wall of the motor casing. This allows for large-area, full-stroke contact heat exchange between the coolant and the stator outer wall, eliminating dead zones and localized hot spots. Combined with thermally conductive ceramic plates and a layer of thermally conductive silicone grease embedded in the inner wall of the channel, contact thermal resistance is significantly reduced, enabling rapid and uniform heat transfer from the stator and rotor to the coolant, effectively controlling the overall temperature rise of the motor. Stable and reliable temperature control prevents irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnets due to overheating, ensuring constant motor output torque and stable speed regulation accuracy, significantly improving the motor's operational reliability and service life.

[0019] 4. A water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motor, which absorbs core heat internally through water cooling and achieves secondary cooling externally through fan blades, cooling pipes, and manifolds, forming a composite heat dissipation system of "internal circulation heat absorption and external circulation heat dissipation," significantly improving cooling capacity compared to single water cooling. Simultaneously, the coolant storage chamber is strictly divided into a high-temperature upper chamber and a low-temperature lower chamber by a partition plate, preventing direct mixing of hot and cold coolants and ensuring that the coolant entering the coolant pumping chamber is always at a low temperature, further improving circulation cooling efficiency.

[0020] 5. A water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motor, which absorbs core heat through internal water cooling. Cooling flow regulation relies entirely on the thermal expansion and contraction of the working fluid within the heat-conducting oil pipe, requiring no power supply, circuitry, or electronic components. It offers rapid response and precise, reliable operation. When the temperature drops, springs automatically and smoothly reset all components, allowing for long-term, high-frequency repeated operation without failure. The rack and pinion meshing transmission is smooth, and the deflection angle of the moving blades has a linear relationship with temperature, resulting in continuous and smooth cooling flow regulation without pressure shocks or flow fluctuations, leading to higher operational stability.

[0021] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the diagram; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the third cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A magnified structural diagram of part B in the diagram; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the first disassembled state of the coolant pumping mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the second disassembled state structure of the coolant pumping mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 A magnified structural diagram of part C in the diagram; Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the second partition and coolant pumping mechanism of the present invention in their assembled state. Figure 13 For the present invention Figure 12 A magnified structural diagram of part D in the diagram; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly state of the annular frame, fixed blades, and pumping reinforcement components of the present invention. Figure 15 For the present invention Figure 14 A magnified structural diagram of part E in the diagram.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Motor housing; 2. Motor shaft; 3. Rotor; 4. Stator; 5. Speed ​​controller; 6. Spiral cooling channel; 7. First baffle; 8. Coolant storage chamber; 9. Second baffle; 10. Coolant pumping chamber; 11. Return port; 12. Pumping pipe; 13. Divider plate; 14. Connecting pipe; 15. Check valve; 16. Cooling pipe; 17. Manifold; 18. Annular pipe; 19. Fan blade; 20. Coolant pumping mechanism; 201. Annular frame; 202. Fixing 203. Blade; 2031. Pumping reinforcement assembly; 2032. Rotary shaft; 2033. Movable blade; 2034. Gear; 205. Inner ring frame; 206. Outer ring frame; 207. Mounting ring; 208. Rack; 209. Cross-shaped annular groove; 209. Drive assembly; 2091. Heat transfer oil pipe; 2092. Piston; 2093. Drive plate; 2094. Cross-shaped slider; 2095. Spring; 2010. Heat transfer pipe; 2011. Slide rail; 21. Coolant injection pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] This invention provides two technical solutions: a water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motor, specifically including the following embodiments: like Figures 1-7The first embodiment is shown: a water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motor, including a motor housing 1 and a motor shaft 2 rotatably disposed inside it. The motor shaft 2 rotatably passes through the motor housing 1 and extends to the outside. A rotor 3 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the motor shaft 2, and a stator 4 is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the motor housing 1. A speed controller 5 for controlling the speed regulation of the permanent magnet energy-saving motor is fixedly disposed on one side of the top of the motor housing 1. A spiral cooling channel 6 is opened inside the motor housing 1, and a first partition 7 and a second partition 9 are fixedly disposed on the two sides of the inside of the motor housing 1, respectively. A coolant storage chamber 8 and a coolant pumping chamber 10 are formed between the first partition 7, the second partition 9 and the motor housing 1, respectively. The upper part of the inner wall of the coolant storage chamber 8 is... The coolant storage chamber 8 is provided with multiple return ports 11 for returning coolant to its interior. The top of the coolant pumping chamber 10 is provided with multiple pumping pipes 12 for guiding the coolant inside into the spiral cooling channel 6. The coolant storage chamber 8 is also provided with a partition plate 13 at the bottom of its interior. The partition plate 13 divides the coolant storage chamber 8 into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The lower chamber and the coolant pumping chamber 10 are connected by a connecting pipe 14. The connecting pipe 14 is provided with a one-way valve 15 that only allows coolant to flow from the lower chamber into the coolant pumping chamber 10. The front end of the motor housing 1 is provided with an air-cooling component for cooling the coolant. The rear end of the motor housing 1 is provided with a coolant pumping mechanism 20 for pumping coolant into the spiral cooling channel 6.

[0026] In this embodiment, both the second partition 9 and the first partition 7 are rotatably and sealed on the outer wall of the motor shaft 2. The motor housing 1 is integrally formed by die casting of aluminum alloy with a wall thickness of 8–12 mm to ensure structural strength and thermal conductivity. The spiral cooling channel 6 is continuously spiraled along the inner wall of the motor housing 1. The channel cross-section is circular or elliptical with a diameter of 6–10 mm and the channel pitch is uniform to ensure uniform heat exchange of the coolant along the outer wall of the stator 4.

[0027] Both the first partition 7 and the second partition 9 are circular metal partitions. Their outer edges are fixed to the inner wall of the motor housing 1 by welding or sealing rings. The inner ring is dynamically sealed to the motor shaft 2 by mechanical seals or skeleton oil seals to prevent coolant leakage.

[0028] The volume ratio of the coolant storage chamber 8 to the coolant pumping chamber 10 is 2:1, ensuring sufficient coolant circulation and storage; 4–8 return ports 11 are evenly distributed circumferentially, with a diameter of 3–5 mm, to achieve uniform coolant return within the spiral cooling channel 6; the number of pumping pipes 12 corresponds one-to-one with the number of return ports 11, ensuring balance between liquid inlet and return.

[0029] The partition plate 13 is horizontally welded inside the coolant storage chamber 8, strictly separating it into an upper chamber and a lower chamber that are not connected to each other. The upper chamber is used to temporarily store the high-temperature reflux coolant, and the lower chamber is used to temporarily store the low-temperature coolant after air cooling, thus avoiding direct mixing of hot and cold coolants and improving cooling efficiency.

[0030] The one-way valve 15 is a spring-loaded miniature one-way valve with an opening pressure of 0.02–0.05 MPa. It allows coolant to flow from the lower chamber into the coolant pumping chamber 10 in one direction only, preventing coolant backflow that could interrupt cooling.

[0031] In this embodiment, the air-cooled assembly includes a plurality of uniformly arranged cooling pipes 16. One end of each cooling pipe 16 is connected to the interior of the coolant storage chamber 8, and the other end of each cooling pipe 16 is fixedly connected to an annular pipe 18. A manifold 17 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the outer wall of the annular pipe 18. The end of the manifold 17 away from the annular pipe 18 is connected to the lower chamber. A fan blade 19 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the motor shaft 2, located between the motor housing 1 and the plurality of cooling pipes 16, to accelerate the airflow speed on the surfaces of the plurality of cooling pipes 16 and the manifold 17. The cooling pipes 16 are thin-walled copper or aluminum alloy pipes, numbering 6–12, and are arranged radially and uniformly around the circumference of the motor shaft 2. The outer wall of the pipes is provided with dense heat dissipation fins to increase the heat dissipation area. One end of each cooling pipe 16 is connected to the upper chamber of the coolant storage chamber 8 to receive high-temperature coolant, and the other end is collected in the annular pipe 18 to achieve uniform distribution of coolant.

[0032] The annular tube 18 is a circular metal tube with an inner diameter that matches the outer diameter of the front end of the motor housing 1, and is fixed to the outside of the front end cover of the motor; the manifold 17 is a single vertically downward-arranged pipe that uses gravity to smoothly guide the cooled coolant into the lower chamber to avoid liquid accumulation.

[0033] Fan blade 19 is an axial flow air-cooled fan blade with 4-6 blades. It rotates synchronously with the motor shaft 2 at the same speed as the motor. No additional drive power is required. The airflow blows directly onto the surface of the cooling pipe 16 and the manifold 17 for forced convection heat dissipation.

[0034] In this embodiment, the coolant pumping mechanism 20 includes an annular frame 201 fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the motor shaft 2 and located inside the coolant pumping chamber 10. A plurality of fixed blades 202 are uniformly fixed on the outer wall of the annular frame 201, and a pumping enhancement component 203 for increasing or decreasing the coolant pumping capacity is provided on the outer wall of the annular frame 201 and between two adjacent fixed blades 202.

[0035] The ring frame 201 is a rigid metal ring, which is interference-fitted and fixed on the motor shaft 2 and rotates synchronously with the motor shaft. The number of fixed blades 202 is 4-8, which are straight or arc-shaped fixed blades, integrally formed with the ring frame 201. Regardless of the motor speed and load, it always maintains a fixed angle of attack, continuously pushes the coolant to flow in a directional manner, and provides basic pumping flow.

[0036] The pumping reinforcement component 203 and the fixed blade 202 are evenly spaced. Under normal temperature and light load initial conditions, it maintains a zero thrust posture and only rotates with the shaft to cut the coolant, resulting in low resistance and low energy consumption. When the motor is under heavy load and high speed operation and cannot dissipate heat in time, the temperature rises to a set threshold. The pumping reinforcement component 203 gradually deflects and smoothly changes from the "cutting state" to the "pushing state". It works with the fixed blade 202 to increase the pumping flow rate and accelerate the speed at which the coolant is pushed into the pumping pipe 12, thereby achieving adaptive enhanced cooling.

[0037] In this embodiment, an inner ring frame 204 and an outer ring frame 205 are fixedly installed on the side wall of the second partition 9 near the annular frame 201. The inner ring frame 204 is located inside the outer ring frame 205 and the two are coaxially arranged. An annular guide groove is formed between the inner ring frame 204 and the outer ring frame 205. An installation ring 206 is movably installed in the annular guide groove. Multiple racks 207, corresponding one-to-one with the positions of multiple pumping reinforcing components 203, are uniformly fixed on the side wall of the installation ring 206 facing the annular frame 201. A cross-shaped annular groove 208 is opened on the side wall of the installation ring 206 away from the racks 207. Multiple driving components 209 are slidably installed inside the cross-shaped annular groove 208. Multiple driving components 209 are jointly installed on the side wall of the heat pipe 2010. Multiple annular heat-conducting fins are uniformly fixed on the outer wall of the heat pipe 2010, and the heat pipe 2010 is filled with a heat-conducting medium.

[0038] The inner ring frame 204 and the outer ring frame 205 are made of wear-resistant engineering plastic / stainless steel and are coaxially fixed on the second partition plate 9. The width of the annular guide groove is 5-8mm, which is clearance-fitted with the mounting ring 206 to ensure that the mounting ring 206 can rotate freely at a small angle in the circumferential direction.

[0039] The rack 207 is a straight rack with a module of 0.8–1.2. It is the same number as the pumping reinforcement component 203 and is positioned opposite each other. When the motor temperature rises, the drive component 209 pushes the mounting ring 206 to rotate circumferentially. The rack 207 moves synchronously and drives the pumping reinforcement component 203 to deflect, realizing the "cutting-pushing" state switching.

[0040] The cross-shaped annular groove 208 is an annular cross slide groove that slides with the end of the drive assembly 209, restricting the drive assembly 209 to move only radially; the heat pipe 2010 is a closed heat pipe filled with heat-conducting oil, and the outer wall annular heat-conducting fins increase the heat absorption area, quickly collect heat from the motor housing and stator and transfer it to the drive assembly 209, completing the conversion of temperature signal into mechanical action.

[0041] like Figures 8-15 The second embodiment is shown, differing from the first in that: the pumping reinforcement assembly 203 includes a rotating shaft 2031 rotatably mounted on the side wall of the annular frame 201. A movable blade 2032 is fixedly mounted at the end of the rotating shaft 2031, and a gear 2033 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 2031. A rack 207 and the corresponding gear 2033 mesh with each other. A T-shaped groove is formed at the bottom of the rack 207, and a slide rail 2011 is slidably mounted within this groove. The slide rail 2011 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the annular frame 201. The rotating shaft 2031 is rotatably connected to the annular frame 201 via bearings, ensuring smooth rotation without jamming. The movable blade 2032 initially parallel or approximately parallel to the fixed blade 202, cutting only the coolant without directional thrust, resulting in extremely low resistance. When the motor is under heavy load or heating up at high speed, the mounting ring 206 drives the rack 207 to move, which in turn drives the gear 2033 to rotate. This causes the movable blade 2032 to gradually deflect to the effective pushing angle, forming a combined pushing structure with the fixed blade 202, significantly increasing the pumping flow rate. The slide rail 2011 is a T-shaped stainless steel slide rail that slides in conjunction with the T-shaped groove at the bottom of the rack 207, ensuring smooth movement of the rack 207 and preventing misalignment. The deflection angle of the movable blade 2032 ranges from 0° to 45°; the larger the angle, the larger the pushing area and the greater the flow rate.

[0042] In this embodiment, the drive assembly 209 includes a heat-conducting oil pipe 2091 fixedly disposed on the side wall of the heat-conducting pipe 2010 and connected to its interior. One end of the heat-conducting oil pipe 2091 away from the heat-conducting pipe 2010 is fixedly disposed on the side wall of the second partition 9. A piston 2092 is slidably disposed inside the heat-conducting oil pipe 2091. A drive plate 2093 is fixedly disposed at the end of the piston 2092 away from the heat-conducting pipe 2010. The drive plate 2093 slidably passes through the second partition 9 and is slidably disposed within the cross-shaped annular groove 208. A spring 2095 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the drive plate 2093, located between the piston 2092 and the second partition 9. The heat-conducting oil pipe 2091 is a sealed metal pipe, internally connected to the heat-conducting pipe 2010, and expands rapidly in volume when the temperature rises. The piston 2092 and the inner wall of the heat-conducting oil pipe 2091 are sealed with a sealing ring, resulting in low sliding resistance and reliable sealing. The end of the drive plate 2093 is a cross-shaped slider that matches the cross-shaped annular groove 208. The higher the temperature, the more the heat transfer oil expands, pushing the piston 2092 and drive plate 2093 to extend further. This results in a greater movement distance for the drive mounting ring 206, a greater deflection of the movable blade 2032, and a greater cooling flow rate. Spring 2095 is a return spring. When the motor temperature decreases, the heat transfer oil contracts, and spring 2095 pushes the piston 2092 back to its original position, causing the mounting ring 206 and rack 207 to return to their original positions. The movable blade 2032 then returns to its initial cutting state.

[0043] In this embodiment, a miniature check valve is fixedly installed inside the pumping pipe 12, allowing only coolant to flow into the spiral cooling channel 6. The bottom opening of the pumping pipe 12 is angled, with the opening facing the direction of rotation of the motor shaft 2. The miniature check valve is an umbrella valve or a ball valve, with an opening pressure of 0.01–0.03 MPa, preventing backflow of coolant into the spiral cooling channel 6 and ensuring the channel is always filled with coolant. The bottom opening of the pumping pipe 12 is angled at 30°–60°, with the opening facing the opposite direction of rotation of the motor shaft 2, utilizing centrifugal force to enhance the power for coolant to enter the pumping pipe 12.

[0044] In this embodiment, multiple sets of thermally conductive ceramic sheets are uniformly embedded in the inner wall of the spiral cooling channel 6. One side of the thermally conductive ceramic sheet is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the spiral cooling channel 6, and the other side extends into the mating gap between the stator 4 and the motor housing 1. A layer of thermally conductive silicone grease is filled between the thermally conductive ceramic sheet and the outer wall of the stator 4. The thermally conductive ceramic sheet is made of alumina or aluminum nitride ceramic, with a thickness of 1–2 mm, a thermal conductivity ≥200 W / (m・K), high temperature resistance, and excellent insulation to prevent stator leakage. Multiple sets of thermally conductive ceramic sheets are embedded at equal intervals along the spiral cooling channel 6, with one set per 10 cm of channel.

[0045] The thermal grease layer has a uniform thickness of 0.1–0.3 mm, eliminating the air gap between the stator 4 and the thermally conductive ceramic sheet, allowing the stator heat to be quickly transferred to the coolant and avoiding local overheating and demagnetization.

[0046] In this embodiment, a detachable coolant injection pipe 21 is provided at the top of the coolant storage chamber 8. A filter core is provided inside the coolant injection pipe 21. The filter core is composed of an upper non-woven fabric filter layer, a middle activated carbon adsorption layer and a lower molecular sieve dehydration layer. A sealing cap is provided at the opening of the coolant injection pipe 21.

[0047] When in use, with the motor stationary, the internal coolant is in a static equilibrium distribution: the upper and lower chambers of the coolant storage chamber 8 contain room temperature coolant, and the coolant pumping chamber 10 is connected to the lower chamber via the connecting pipe 14 and the one-way valve 15. The coolant pumping mechanism 20 is in its initial position, and the movable blades 2032 and the fixed blades 202 of the pumping reinforcement assembly 203 are approximately parallel, only in a follow-up state, and do not produce a pushing effect. The first partition 7 and the second partition 9 form a sealed fit with the motor shaft 2, and the spiral cooling channel 6 is filled with coolant, making the entire cooling circuit sealed and leak-free.

[0048] After the motor is started by the speed controller 5, the motor shaft 2 drives the rotor 3 to rotate synchronously, and outputs power in electromagnetic coordination with the stator 4. At this time, the cooling system enters the basic cooling mode. The motor shaft 2 directly drives the annular frame 201 of the coolant pumping mechanism 20 to rotate. The fixed blades 202 on it rotate continuously with the shaft, maintaining a fixed pushing angle and stably pushing the coolant to flow in a specific direction, providing basic pumping pressure for the entire circuit. Under the action of centrifugal force and hydraulic pressure, the low-temperature coolant in the coolant pumping chamber 10 enters the spiral cooling channel 6 in one direction through the pumping pipe 12 and its internal miniature one-way valve. The bottom opening of the pumping pipe 12 is inclined in the opposite direction to the rotation of the motor shaft 2, further enhancing the liquid intake capacity by utilizing centrifugal rotation and preventing coolant backflow. The coolant flows around the outer wall of the stator 4 along the spiral cooling channel 6, continuously absorbing the heat generated by the operation of the stator and rotor, thus raising the coolant temperature.

[0049] The high-temperature coolant, having absorbed heat, flows through evenly distributed return ports 11 into the upper chamber of the coolant storage chamber 8 for temporary storage, awaiting air cooling. The high-temperature coolant in the upper chamber enters multiple circumferentially arranged cooling pipes 16; simultaneously, the motor shaft 2 drives the fan blades 19 to rotate at high speed, generating a forced airflow that blows directly onto the outer walls of the cooling pipes 16 and the manifold 17, rapidly carrying away the heat from the coolant. The cooled coolant flows through the cooling pipes 16 into the annular pipe 18, and then smoothly flows into the lower chamber of the coolant storage chamber 8 by gravity through the lowest-positioned manifold 17, forming a low-temperature coolant reserve. Under the influence of the liquid level difference and the pumping negative pressure, the low-temperature coolant in the lower chamber flows unidirectionally back to the coolant pumping chamber 10 through the connecting pipe 14 and the internal one-way valve 15, completing one continuous and stable basic cooling cycle.

[0050] When the motor is under heavy load and running at high speed, causing a surge in heat generation that conventional cooling cannot dissipate in time, the system automatically enters a temperature-controlled enhanced cooling mode: The high temperature inside the motor is rapidly transferred to the heat pipe 2010 at the second partition 9. The annular heat-conducting fins on its outer wall significantly increase the heat absorption area, quickly transferring heat to the heat-conducting oil inside the heat pipe 2010. The high thermal expansion oil filling the heat pipe 2091 and the heat pipe 2010 expands rapidly when heated, pushing the piston 2092 to slide outward, which in turn drives the drive plate 2093 to extend synchronously. The end of the drive plate 2093 slides in the cross-shaped annular groove 208 of the mounting ring 206, pushing the mounting ring 206 to move smoothly along the annular guide groove defined by the inner ring frame 204 and the outer ring frame 205. The mounting ring 206 drives the rack 207 on it to move precisely along the slide rail 2011. The rack 207 meshes stably with the gear 2033 of the pumping reinforcement assembly 203, driving the rotating shaft 2031 to rotate. The rotating shaft 2031 drives the movable blades 2032 to gradually deflect, smoothly transitioning from an initial parallel cutting state of coolant to a state of pushing coolant at a large angle of attack. This forms a combined liquid-pushing structure with the fixed blades 202, causing the pump flow rate to increase synchronously with the temperature rise, rapidly enhancing the cooling capacity and ensuring that the motor does not overheat or demagnetize under heavy load and high speed. When the motor load decreases and the temperature drops, the oil in the heat transfer oil pipe 2091 contracts, and the spring 2095 pushes the piston 2092 and the drive plate 2093 to reset, causing the mounting ring 206 and rack 207 to return to their original positions. The movable blades 2032 return to their initial cutting state, and the system returns to the low-energy basic cooling mode.

[0051] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0052] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motor, comprising a motor housing and a motor shaft rotatably disposed therein, the motor shaft rotatably passing through the motor housing and extending to the outside, a rotor fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the motor shaft, and a stator fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the motor housing, and a speed controller for controlling the speed regulation of the permanent magnet energy-saving motor fixedly disposed on one side of the top of the motor housing, characterized in that: The motor housing has a spiral cooling channel inside, and a first partition and a second partition are fixedly installed on both sides of the motor housing. A coolant storage chamber and a coolant pumping chamber are formed between the first partition, the second partition and the motor housing, respectively. Multiple return ports for returning coolant to its interior are evenly opened on the upper part of the inner wall of the coolant storage chamber. Multiple pumping pipes for guiding the coolant inside the coolant into the spiral cooling channel are evenly fixedly installed on the top of the coolant pumping chamber. A partition plate is also fixedly installed at the lower part of the coolant storage chamber, which divides the coolant storage chamber into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The lower chamber and the coolant pumping chamber are connected by a connecting pipe. The connecting pipe is fixedly equipped with a one-way valve that allows coolant to flow from the lower chamber into the coolant pumping chamber. The front end of the motor housing is equipped with an air-cooling component for cooling the coolant, and the rear end of the motor housing is equipped with a coolant pumping mechanism for pumping coolant into a spiral cooling channel.

2. The water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air-cooling assembly includes a plurality of cooling pipes evenly arranged. One end of each cooling pipe is connected to the interior of the coolant storage chamber, and the other end of each cooling pipe is fixedly connected to an annular pipe. A manifold is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the annular pipe. The end of the manifold away from the annular pipe is connected to the lower chamber. Fan blades are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the motor shaft and located between the motor housing and the plurality of cooling pipes to accelerate the airflow speed on the surfaces of the plurality of cooling pipes and the manifold.

3. The water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coolant pumping mechanism includes an annular frame fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the motor shaft and located inside the coolant pumping chamber. Multiple fixed blades are uniformly fixed on the outer wall of the annular frame, and a pumping enhancement component for increasing or decreasing the coolant pumping capacity is provided on the outer wall of the annular frame and between two adjacent fixed blades.

4. A water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second partition plate has an inner ring frame and an outer ring frame fixedly installed on its side wall near the ring frame. The inner ring frame is located inside the outer ring frame and the two are coaxially arranged. An annular guide groove is formed between the inner ring frame and the outer ring frame. An installation ring is movably installed in the annular guide groove. Multiple racks corresponding to the positions of multiple pumping reinforcement components are evenly fixed on the side wall of the installation ring facing the ring frame. A cross-shaped annular groove is opened on the side wall of the installation ring away from the racks. Multiple driving components are slidably installed inside the cross-shaped annular groove. Multiple driving components are jointly installed on the side wall of the heat pipe. Multiple annular heat-conducting fins are evenly fixed on the outer wall of the heat pipe, and the heat pipe is filled with a heat-conducting medium.

5. A water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pumping reinforcement assembly includes a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the side wall of the annular frame. A movable blade is fixedly mounted at the end of the rotating shaft, and a gear is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft. The rack and the gear at the corresponding position are meshed with each other. A T-shaped groove is provided at the bottom of the rack, and a slide rail is slidably mounted in the T-shaped groove. The slide rail is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the annular frame.

6. A water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a heat-conducting oil pipe fixedly mounted on the side wall of the heat-conducting pipe and connected to its interior. One end of the heat-conducting oil pipe away from the heat-conducting pipe is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the second partition. A piston is slidably and sealed inside the heat-conducting oil pipe. A drive plate is fixedly mounted on the end of the piston away from the heat-conducting pipe. The drive plate slidably passes through the second partition and is slidably mounted in a cross-shaped annular groove. A spring is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the drive plate between the piston and the second partition.

7. A water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pumping pipe is internally fitted with a miniature one-way valve that allows coolant to flow into the spiral cooling channel only, and the bottom opening of the pumping pipe is inclined, with the opening facing the direction of rotation of the motor shaft.

8. A water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the spiral cooling channel is uniformly embedded with multiple sets of thermally conductive ceramic sheets. One side of the thermally conductive ceramic sheet is in close contact with the inner wall of the spiral cooling channel, and the other side extends into the mating gap between the stator and the motor housing. A thermally conductive silicone grease layer is filled between the thermally conductive ceramic sheet and the outer wall of the stator.

9. A water-cooled permanent magnet energy-saving speed-regulating motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the coolant storage chamber is provided with a detachable coolant injection pipe. Inside the coolant injection pipe is a filter core, which is composed of an upper non-woven fabric filter layer, a middle activated carbon adsorption layer and a lower molecular sieve dehydration layer. The coolant injection pipe is provided with a sealing cap at the pipe opening.

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