A space photovoltaic module circulating temperature protection device and a space photovoltaic module

Abstract

This invention belongs to the technical fields of aerospace thermal control technology and photovoltaic modules, and relates to a recyclable temperature control protection device for space photovoltaic modules and a space photovoltaic module. It includes: an integrated microchannel located on the back of the photovoltaic module body, a working medium disposed within the integrated microchannel, a dual-function switching cavity enclosed by the integrated microchannel, a composite drive module disposed on the dual-function switching cavity to drive the cavity, and an intelligent temperature control module disposed on the cavity; the working medium is a low molecular weight gas with a molecular weight ≤8 and no phase change within the temperature range of -200℃ to 150℃; the dual-function switching cavity is an integrally formed heat-insulated cavity, the interior of which is divided into a heat storage cavity and a heat exchange cavity by a vacuum heat-insulating partition, and an electromagnetic valve is embedded within the vacuum heat-insulating partition. It features lightweight, recyclability, low energy consumption, and strong adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical fields of aerospace thermal control technology and photovoltaic modules, and particularly to a cyclic temperature control protection device for space photovoltaic modules and a space photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] The extreme temperature difference in the space environment is a key factor restricting the performance and lifespan of photovoltaic modules: when the module is in direct sunlight, the temperature can rise to over 120°C, causing a significant drop in cell efficiency (efficiency decreases by about 4% for every 10°C increase), and the high temperature accelerates the aging of the encapsulation film and cell cracking, shortening the module lifespan by 30%-50%; when in the shade, the temperature drops sharply to below -180°C, which can cause the module material to become brittle, electrical interfaces to loosen, and even cause cell string breaks.

[0003] Existing space photovoltaic thermal control technologies have significant drawbacks: 1) Passive thermal control (such as coatings and heat insulation pads) has low temperature control accuracy (±30℃) and cannot cope with drastic temperature differences; 2) Active thermal control (such as electric heating and liquid cooling circulation) has high energy consumption and large weight (the weight of the liquid cooling system accounts for ≥20% of the total weight of the module), which does not meet the requirements of lightweighting in space; 3) Phase change heat storage devices can only store heat once and cannot be recycled, and phase change materials are prone to failure under extreme temperature differences.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a lightweight, recyclable, low-energy-consumption, and highly adaptable temperature control device to achieve stable temperature control of photovoltaic modules throughout the entire mission cycle. This invention discloses a lightweight, long-life space photovoltaic module and a method for extending its lifespan, belonging to the field of space solar power generation technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a recyclable temperature control protection device for space photovoltaic modules and a space photovoltaic module, so as to solve the technical problems of high energy consumption, large weight, inability to be recycled, and easy failure of phase change materials under extreme temperature differences in existing space photovoltaics, and to achieve the goals of lightweight, recyclability, low energy consumption, and strong adaptability.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A recyclable temperature control protection device for space photovoltaic modules includes: An integrated microchannel is located on the back of the photovoltaic module body. The integrated microchannel contains a working medium and covers a dual-function switching cavity. A composite drive module is installed on the dual-function switching cavity to drive the dual-function switching cavity. An intelligent temperature control module is installed on the dual-function switching cavity. The working medium is a low molecular weight gas with a molecular weight ≤8 and no phase change in the range of -200℃ to 150℃. The dual-function switching cavity is an integrally formed heat-insulating cavity. The interior of the dual-function switching cavity is divided into a heat storage cavity and a heat exchange cavity by a vacuum heat-insulating partition. The vacuum heat-insulating partition is embedded with an electromagnetic valve to realize the time-sharing switching of the functions of the heat-insulating cavity.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the integrated microchannel is a serpentine interlayer structure, the integrated microchannel is attached to the surface of the solar cell of the photovoltaic module body, the channel cross-section is rectangular, the width of the integrated microchannel is 2-5mm, the height is 1-3mm, and the inner wall of the integrated microchannel is coated with a high thermal conductivity coating. The integrated microchannel is provided with a substrate, and the integrated microchannel and the substrate are integrally formed.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat storage cavity is filled with a porous metal heat storage material. The porous metal heat storage material is one or both of graphite foam and honeycomb aluminum alloy. The heat storage density of the porous metal heat storage material is ≥100kJ / kg, the total dose of space radiation is ≥50krad(Si), and there is no cracking or performance degradation under temperature difference cycling from -200℃ to 150℃.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composite drive module includes a natural convection submodule and a micro electromagnetic pump submodule; The natural convection submodule includes a natural convection cavity, which uses the temperature difference between the components and the cavity in the direct sunlight area to drive the passive circulation of gas without consuming electricity. The miniature electromagnetic pump submodule is located in the shaded area to drive the miniature electromagnetic pump for auxiliary circulation, ensuring heating efficiency.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent temperature control module includes at least three temperature sensors, which are respectively arranged on the surface of the battery cells on the back of the photovoltaic module body and at the microchannel inlet and outlet to collect temperature data in real time. When the detected component temperature is ≥60℃, the cooling mode is triggered; when it is ≤-20℃, the heating mode is triggered; and when the temperature is between -20℃ and 60℃, the device goes into sleep mode.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer shell of the dual-function switching cavity is made of carbon fiber composite material, and the thermal conductivity of the vacuum insulation partition is ≤0.003W / (m²). K), the overall volume of the cavity is ≤0.5L, and it is integrated with the frame of the photovoltaic module.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the working medium is a mixture of helium and hydrogen in a volume ratio of 7:3 and a viscosity ≤1.8×10⁻⁵ Pa. s, filling pressure is 0.15-0.2MPa, thermal conductivity ≥0.15W / (m K).

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the integrated microchannel is bonded to the encapsulation layer of the photovoltaic module body through a highly thermally conductive adhesive film. The total length of the integrated microchannel is proportional to the area of ​​the photovoltaic module body, and a serpentine arrangement is adopted to improve heat exchange uniformity.

[0014] Another object of the present invention is to provide a space photovoltaic module, which includes the temperature control and protection device as described above. The total weight of the temperature control device and the photovoltaic module is increased by ≤10% compared with the photovoltaic module alone, without affecting the switching of the dual independent systems and the module flipping / winding function.

[0015] 10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 9, characterized in that the dual-function switching cavity of the temperature control device is integrally formed with the frame of the photovoltaic module, the micro electromagnetic pump is integrated into the side wall of the cavity, and the intelligent temperature control module is electrically connected to the controller of various photovoltaic systems to realize the coordinated operation of temperature control and photovoltaic system.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. Working medium: Helium-hydrogen mixture (volume ratio 7:3), molecular weight 7.2, thermal conductivity 0.18 W / (m³) K), weighing only 1 / 700th of the same volume of water, is suitable for the lightweight requirements of space and has no risk of phase change; Dual-function switching chamber: Integrated carbon fiber chamber (volume ≤ 0.5L, weight ≤ 150g), with internal vacuum insulation (thermal conductivity 0.002W / (m²)). K)) and solenoid valves, the left heat storage chamber is filled with graphite foam (heat storage density 150kJ / kg), and the right side is the heat exchange chamber. The "heat storage-heat exchange" function is switched by the valve. Integrated microchannels: Arranged in a serpentine pattern between the photovoltaic module encapsulation layer and the solar cells, rigid modules use aluminum embedded channels (integrated with the substrate), while flexible modules use polyimide microtubes (0.3mm thick). The inner walls of the channels are coated with a copper coating (thermal conductivity 401W / (m²)). K)) to improve heat exchange efficiency; Composite drive module: In the direct sunlight area, natural convection (flow rate 0.3-0.5m / s) is formed by the temperature difference between the component and the cavity (≥30℃), requiring no power consumption; in the shaded area, a micro electromagnetic pump (weighing 18g, power consumption 4.5W) is activated to drive the gas flow rate to increase to 0.8-1.0m / s; Intelligent temperature control module: PT1000 temperature sensor (arranged on the surface of the battery cell and at the inlet and outlet of the channel), electrically connected to the controller, realizes automated control of temperature threshold triggering (≥60℃ or ≤-20℃), valve switching and drive module start and stop.

[0017] 2. Cooling Mode (Direct Sunlight Area): When the module temperature is ≥60℃, the controller opens the solenoid valve, and the dual-function chamber switches to the "heat exchange chamber - heat storage chamber" mode; the low-temperature gas flows along the microchannel in a serpentine manner under the drive of temperature difference, and exchanges heat with the solar cells (cooling rate ≥5℃ / min). The gas that has absorbed heat enters the heat storage chamber and stores heat through the porous structure of graphite foam (the heat storage chamber temperature rises to 80-100℃), completing passive cooling and heat recovery; Heating mode (shaded area): When the component temperature is ≤-20℃, the controller closes the solenoid valve and switches to the "heat storage chamber-heat exchange chamber" mode; the heat storage chamber releases the stored heat to heat the gas, the micro electromagnetic pump starts, and drives the hot gas to flow through the microchannel to heat the component (heating rate ≥3℃ / min). The cooled gas flows back to the heat storage chamber, forming a closed loop, without the need for additional energy replenishment. Collaborative working logic: In conjunction with the dual independent photovoltaic system, when the photovoltaic system switches working surfaces, the temperature control module synchronously adjusts the gas flow direction of the microchannel to ensure the heat exchange uniformity of the new working surface.

[0018] 3. Rigid component integration: The microchannel and carbon fiber substrate are integrally molded, and the dual-function cavity is embedded in the component frame (size 100mm×100mm×50mm), with a total weight increase of ≤8%; Flexible component integration: The microchannel uses flexible polyimide microtubes that conformally fit with the flexible encapsulation layer of the component. The dual-function cavity design is a roll-up type (50mm in diameter and 300mm in length), which can be rolled up and stored with the component, increasing the total weight by ≤10%. Compatible with the flipping mechanism: The center of gravity of the temperature control device coincides with the center of gravity of the component, so there is no additional torque when flipping, and it does not affect the positioning accuracy of the flipping mechanism (±0.5°). Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cyclic temperature control protection device for space photovoltaic modules of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the cooling mode working principle of the recyclable temperature control protection device for space photovoltaic modules of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the heating mode of this invention.

[0020] Legend: 1. Photovoltaic module body; 2. Integrated microchannel; 3. Dual-function switching cavity; 4. Heat storage chamber; 5. Heat exchange chamber; 6. Vacuum insulation partition; 7. Solenoid valve; 8. Composite driver module; 9. Intelligent temperature control module; 10. Working medium; 11. Miniature electromagnetic pump. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1: like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a recyclable temperature control protection device for a space photovoltaic module includes: an integrated microchannel located on the back of the photovoltaic module body, a working medium disposed within the integrated microchannel, a dual-function switching cavity enclosed by the integrated microchannel, a composite drive module disposed on the dual-function switching cavity to drive the dual-function switching cavity, and an intelligent temperature control module disposed on the dual-function switching cavity. The working medium is a low molecular weight gas with a molecular weight ≤8 and no phase change within the temperature range of -200℃ to 150℃; the dual-function switching cavity is an integrally formed heat-insulating cavity, the interior of which is divided into a heat storage cavity and a heat exchange cavity by a vacuum heat-insulating partition, and an electromagnetic valve embedded within the vacuum heat-insulating partition to achieve time-sharing switching of the functions of the heat-insulating cavity.

[0023] The integrated microchannel is a serpentine interlayer structure. The integrated microchannel is attached to the surface of the solar cell of the photovoltaic module. The channel cross-section is rectangular. The width of the integrated microchannel is 2-5mm and the height is 1-3mm. The inner wall of the integrated microchannel is coated with a high thermal conductivity coating. The integrated microchannel is equipped with a substrate, and the integrated microchannel and the substrate are integrally formed.

[0024] The heat storage chamber is filled with a porous metal heat storage material, which is one or both of graphite foam or honeycomb aluminum alloy. The heat storage density of the porous metal heat storage material is ≥100kJ / kg, the total dose of space radiation is ≥50krad(Si), and there is no cracking or performance degradation under temperature difference cycling from -200℃ to 150℃.

[0025] The composite drive module includes a natural convection submodule and a micro electromagnetic pump submodule; The natural convection submodule includes a natural convection cavity, which uses the temperature difference between the components and the cavity in the direct sunlight area to drive the passive circulation of gas without consuming electricity; The miniature electromagnetic pump submodule is located in the shaded area to drive the miniature electromagnetic pump auxiliary circulation, ensuring heating efficiency.

[0026] The intelligent temperature control module contains at least three temperature sensors, which are respectively arranged on the surface of the cells on the back of the photovoltaic module and at the microchannel inlet and outlet to collect temperature data in real time. When the detected component temperature is ≥60℃, the cooling mode is triggered; when it is ≤-20℃, the heating mode is triggered; and when the temperature is between -20℃ and 60℃, the device goes into sleep mode.

[0027] The outer shell of the dual-function switching chamber is made of carbon fiber composite material, and the thermal conductivity of the vacuum insulation partition is ≤0.003W / (m). K), the overall volume of the cavity is ≤0.5L, and it is integrated with the frame of the photovoltaic module.

[0028] In this embodiment, the working medium is a mixture of helium and hydrogen in a volume ratio of 7:3 and a viscosity ≤1.8×10⁻⁵ Pa. s, filling pressure is 0.15-0.2MPa, thermal conductivity ≥0.15W / (m K).

[0029] The integrated microchannel is bonded to the encapsulation layer of the photovoltaic module body through a highly thermally conductive adhesive film. The total length of the integrated microchannel is proportional to the area of ​​the photovoltaic module body, and a serpentine arrangement is adopted to improve the heat exchange uniformity.

[0030] The working medium is a helium-hydrogen mixture (volume ratio 7:3), with a molecular weight of 7.2 and a thermal conductivity of 0.18 W / (m³). K), weighing only 1 / 700th of the same volume of water, is suitable for the lightweight requirements of space and has no risk of phase change.

[0031] Dual-function switching chamber: Integrated carbon fiber chamber (volume ≤ 0.5L, weight ≤ 150g), with internal vacuum insulation (thermal conductivity 0.002W / (m²)). K)) and solenoid valves, the left heat storage chamber is filled with graphite foam (heat storage density 150kJ / kg), and the right side is the heat exchange chamber. The "heat storage-heat exchange" function is switched by the valve.

[0032] Integrated microchannels: Arranged in a serpentine pattern between the photovoltaic module encapsulation layer and the solar cells, rigid modules use aluminum embedded channels (integrated with the substrate), while flexible modules use polyimide microtubes (0.3mm thick). The inner walls of the channels are coated with a copper coating (thermal conductivity 401W / (m²)). K)) to improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0033] Composite drive module: In the direct sunlight area, natural convection (flow rate 0.3-0.5m / s) is formed by the temperature difference between the component and the cavity (≥30℃), which requires no power consumption; in the shaded area, a micro electromagnetic pump (weight 18g, power consumption 4.5W) is activated to drive the gas flow rate to increase to 0.8-1.0m / s.

[0034] Intelligent temperature control module: PT1000 temperature sensor (arranged on the surface of the battery cell and at the inlet and outlet of the channel), electrically connected to the controller, realizes automated control of temperature threshold triggering (≥60℃ or ≤-20℃), valve switching and drive module start and stop.

[0035] In this embodiment, the protection device is equipped with a cooling mode (direct sunlight area): when the component temperature is ≥60℃, the controller opens the solenoid valve, and the dual-function chamber switches to the "heat exchange chamber - heat storage chamber" mode; the low-temperature gas flows along the microchannel in a serpentine manner under the drive of temperature difference, and exchanges heat with the battery cell (cooling rate ≥5℃ / min). The gas that has absorbed heat enters the heat storage chamber and stores heat through the porous structure of graphite foam (the temperature of the heat storage chamber rises to 80-100℃), thus completing passive cooling and heat recovery.

[0036] It also features a heating mode (shaded area): when the component temperature is ≤-20℃, the controller closes the solenoid valve and switches to the "heat storage chamber-heat exchange chamber" mode; the heat storage chamber releases the stored heat to heat the gas, the micro electromagnetic pump starts, and drives the hot gas to flow through the microchannel to heat the component (heating rate ≥3℃ / min). The cooled gas flows back to the heat storage chamber, forming a closed loop, requiring no additional energy replenishment.

[0037] Collaborative working logic: In conjunction with the dual independent photovoltaic system, when the photovoltaic system switches working surfaces, the temperature control module synchronously adjusts the gas flow direction of the microchannel to ensure the heat exchange uniformity of the new working surface.

[0038] Rigid component integration: The microchannel and carbon fiber substrate are integrally molded, and the dual-function cavity is embedded in the component frame (size 100mm×100mm×50mm), with a total weight increase of ≤8%.

[0039] Flexible component integration: The microchannel uses flexible polyimide microtubes that conformally fit with the flexible encapsulation layer of the component. The dual-function cavity is designed as a roll (50mm in diameter and 300mm in length) and can be rolled up and stored with the component, increasing the total weight by ≤10%.

[0040] Compatible with the flipping mechanism: The center of gravity of the temperature control device coincides with the center of gravity of the component, so there is no additional torque when flipping, and it does not affect the positioning accuracy of the flipping mechanism (±0.5°).

[0041] Example 2: A space photovoltaic module, including the temperature control and protection device as described above. The total weight of the temperature control device and the photovoltaic module increases by ≤10% compared to the photovoltaic module alone, without affecting the switching of the dual independent systems and the module flipping / winding function.

[0042] The dual-function switching chamber of the temperature control device is integrally formed with the frame of the photovoltaic module. The micro electromagnetic pump is integrated into the side wall of the chamber. The intelligent temperature control module is electrically connected to the controller of various photovoltaic systems to realize the coordinated operation of temperature control and photovoltaic systems.

[0043] Example 3: The data for a recyclable temperature control protection device for space photovoltaic modules is shown below: 1. Working medium: Helium-hydrogen mixture (volume ratio 7:3), filling pressure 0.15MPa; 2. Dual-function switching chamber: Rolled carbon fiber chamber (weight 120g), heat storage chamber filled with honeycomb aluminum alloy (heat storage density 120kJ / kg). 3. Integrated microchannel: Flexible polyimide microtubes (3mm inner diameter, 0.2mm wall thickness), serpentine arrangement, total length 10m (compatible with 2m² modules). 4. Composite drive module: Miniature electromagnetic pump (weight 18g, power consumption 4.5W). 5. Performance testing (simulated low Earth orbit environment: -150℃ to 120℃, atomic oxygen flux 5×10⁻⁶) 15 (atoms / cm²): Temperature stability: -15℃ to 55℃ (fluctuation ±3℃); Power generation efficiency: Average improvement of 22%, fluctuation ≤3%; Weight percentage: 9% (total component weight 3.1kg, temperature control device 280g); Life test: After 1000 consecutive cycles, the heat storage performance decays by ≤3%, and the components show no signs of aging or cracking.

[0044] Example 4: The data for a recyclable temperature control protection device for space photovoltaic modules is shown below: 1. Working medium: pure helium (filling pressure 0.2MPa), suitable for high-radiation environments in deep space; 2. Dual-function switching chamber: square carbon fiber chamber (weight 150g), heat storage chamber filled with graphite foam (heat storage density 150kJ / kg); 3. Integrated microchannel: Aluminum embedded serpentine channel (4mm wide, 2mm high), total length 8m (compatible with 1.6m² components). 4. Composite drive module: pumpless natural convection + micro electromagnetic pump (power consumption 3W); 5. Performance Testing (Simulated Jupiter Orbital Environment: -180℃ to 80℃, Radiation Dose 80krad(Si)): Temperature stability: -10℃ to 50℃ (fluctuation ±4℃); Heating rate: 4℃ / min, cooling rate: 6℃ / min; Weight percentage: 8% (total component weight 4.2kg, temperature control device 336g); Lifespan estimated: 20 years (150% improvement over existing technology).

[0045] Example 5: The technical data for passive thermal control and electric heating in the prior art are shown below: 1. Structure: High emissivity coating + multi-layer heat insulation blanket + nickel-chromium heating wire (power 80W); 2. Performance testing (same environment as Example 1): Temperature stability: -120℃ to 110℃ (fluctuation ±30℃); Power generation efficiency: 40% reduction at high temperatures, 25% reduction at low temperatures, fluctuation ±35%; Weight percentage: 12% (total component weight 3.1kg, thermal control system 372g); Lifespan: 7 years; Energy consumption: The heating wire consumes 80W, accounting for 22% of the module's power generation.

[0046] Comparison of effects:

[0047] The comparison shows that this invention patent has the following advantages: 1. Advantages in temperature control accuracy and lifespan: The module's operating temperature is stable between -20℃ and 60℃, with temperature fluctuations ≤ ±5℃. The risk of high-temperature aging and low-temperature embrittlement is reduced by 80%, and the module's lifespan is extended to 15-20 years (more than 100% improvement over existing technologies). 2. Lightweight Breakthrough: The weight of the temperature control device accounts for ≤10% of the total component weight, which is 70% lighter than traditional liquid cooling systems and 40% lighter than phase change heat storage devices; 3. Low energy consumption cycle: No power consumption in the direct sunlight area, and micro-pump power consumption ≤5W in the shade area. The total energy consumption is only 1 / 20 of that of the electric heating system and 1 / 5 of that of the phase change heat storage system. 4. Significantly improved efficiency: When the module is working, the power generation efficiency increases by 15%-25% after the module cools down in high temperature environment, and avoids sudden power drop in low temperature environment, with power generation efficiency fluctuation ≤3% throughout the cycle.

[0048] All the devices selected in this application are general standard parts or components known to those skilled in the art. Their structures and principles can be learned by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods.

[0049] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0050] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0051] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A recyclable temperature control protection device for space photovoltaic modules, characterized in that, include: An integrated microchannel is located on the back of the photovoltaic module body. The integrated microchannel contains a working medium and covers a dual-function switching cavity. A composite drive module is installed on the dual-function switching cavity to drive the dual-function switching cavity. An intelligent temperature control module is installed on the dual-function switching cavity. The working medium is a low molecular weight gas with a molecular weight ≤8 and no phase change in the range of -200℃ to 150℃. The dual-function switching cavity is an integrally formed heat-insulating cavity. The interior of the dual-function switching cavity is divided into a heat storage cavity and a heat exchange cavity by a vacuum heat-insulating partition. The vacuum heat-insulating partition is embedded with an electromagnetic valve to realize the time-sharing switching of the functions of the heat-insulating cavity.

2. The recyclable temperature control protection device for space photovoltaic modules as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The integrated microchannel is a serpentine interlayer structure. The integrated microchannel is attached to the surface of the solar cell of the photovoltaic module body. The channel cross-section is rectangular. The width of the integrated microchannel is 2-5mm and the height is 1-3mm. The inner wall of the integrated microchannel is coated with a high thermal conductivity coating. The integrated microchannel is provided with a substrate, and the integrated microchannel and the substrate are integrally formed.

3. The recyclable temperature control protection device for space photovoltaic modules as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The heat storage chamber is filled with a porous metal heat storage material, which is one or both of graphite foam and honeycomb aluminum alloy. The heat storage density of the porous metal heat storage material is ≥100kJ / kg, the total dose of space radiation is ≥50krad(Si), and there is no cracking or performance degradation under temperature difference cycling from -200℃ to 150℃.

4. The cyclic temperature control protection device for a space photovoltaic module as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The composite drive module includes a natural convection submodule and a micro electromagnetic pump submodule. The natural convection submodule includes a natural convection cavity, which uses the temperature difference between the components and the cavity in the direct sunlight area to drive the passive circulation of gas without consuming electricity. The miniature electromagnetic pump submodule is located in the shaded area to drive the miniature electromagnetic pump for auxiliary circulation, ensuring heating efficiency.

5. The cyclic temperature control protection device for a space photovoltaic module as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The intelligent temperature control module includes at least three temperature sensors, which are respectively arranged on the surface of the solar cells on the back of the photovoltaic module and at the microchannel inlet and outlet to collect temperature data in real time. When the detected component temperature is ≥60℃, the cooling mode is triggered; when it is ≤-20℃, the heating mode is triggered; and when the temperature is between -20℃ and 60℃, the device goes into sleep mode.

6. The cyclic temperature control protection device for a space photovoltaic module as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The outer shell of the dual-function switching cavity is made of carbon fiber composite material, and the thermal conductivity of the vacuum insulation partition is ≤0.003W / (m). K), the overall volume of the cavity is ≤0.5L, and it is integrated with the frame of the photovoltaic module.

7. The cyclic temperature control protection device for a space photovoltaic module as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The working medium is a mixture of helium and hydrogen in a volume ratio of 7:3 and a viscosity ≤1.8×10⁻⁶. -5 Pa s, filling pressure is 0.15-0.2MPa, thermal conductivity ≥0.15W / (m K).

8. The cyclic temperature control protection device for a space photovoltaic module as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The integrated microchannel is bonded to the encapsulation layer of the photovoltaic module body through a highly thermally conductive adhesive film. The total length of the integrated microchannel is proportional to the area of ​​the photovoltaic module body, and a serpentine arrangement is adopted to improve heat exchange uniformity.

9. A space photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The device includes the temperature control and protection device as described in any one of claims 1-8. The total weight of the temperature control device and the photovoltaic module is increased by ≤10% compared to the photovoltaic module alone, and it does not affect the switching of the dual independent systems and the module flipping / winding function.

10. The space photovoltaic module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The temperature control device features a dual-function switching chamber integrated with the photovoltaic module frame, a micro electromagnetic pump integrated into the chamber sidewall, and an intelligent temperature control module electrically connected to the controllers of various photovoltaic systems, enabling coordinated operation of temperature control and the photovoltaic system.

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