Photovoltaic power generation-based waste heat exchange system, operation method and vehicle

Abstract

The application provides a waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation, an operation method and a vehicle, relates to the photovoltaic technology field of the vehicle, and is applied to the vehicle. A mounting frame is arranged on the top of the vehicle. The system comprises a photovoltaic module, which is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame and is used for photovoltaic power generation; a photovoltaic control module, which is connected with the photovoltaic module, is used for monitoring the working parameters of the photovoltaic module and adjusting the working mode of the photovoltaic module according to the working parameters; a waste heat exchange module, which is in full contact with the photovoltaic module, is used for absorbing the heat energy generated by the photovoltaic module to perform heat circulation; and a heat exchange control module, which is connected with the waste heat exchange module and the photovoltaic module respectively, is used for controlling the operation mode and the circulation path of the waste heat exchange module according to the operation parameters of the waste heat exchange module, the working parameters of the photovoltaic module and the real-time heat energy demand of the vehicle. The application can efficiently recover the heat energy generated by the photovoltaic panel and is applied to the heat energy demand device of the vehicle, so that the energy utilization efficiency is significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle photovoltaic technology, specifically to a waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation, its operation method, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In existing vehicle photovoltaic power generation technologies, due to limitations in photovoltaic conversion efficiency, the power conversion efficiency of photovoltaic modules is generally only around 23%, resulting in approximately 77% of solar energy not being effectively utilized. This not only causes significant energy waste but also restricts the improvement of energy utilization efficiency and the increase in driving range of new energy vehicles.

[0003] Unconverted energy is lost as heat accumulation and light reflection. This heat buildup raises the temperature of the photovoltaic panels, leading to a decrease in photoelectric conversion efficiency. For example, if the photovoltaic panel temperature exceeds its optimal operating range, the conversion efficiency may decrease by approximately 0.4%-0.5% for every 1°C increase, creating a negative feedback loop of "temperature rise-efficiency." Furthermore, traditional vehicles lack effective mechanisms for recovering and reusing this lost energy, further exacerbating energy waste. Moreover, existing vehicle energy systems lack intelligent control capabilities under different operating conditions and environmental environments, meaning they cannot optimize energy allocation and utilization based on actual circumstances. Therefore, it is urgent to address the issue of how to efficiently recover and utilize the surplus energy generated by vehicle photovoltaic panels. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a waste heat exchange system, operation method and vehicle based on photovoltaic power generation, which effectively solves the problem of how to efficiently recover and utilize the residual energy generated by vehicle photovoltaic panels.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation, the system being applied to a vehicle, wherein a mounting frame is provided on the top of the vehicle, and the system includes:

[0006] A photovoltaic module is fixedly installed on the mounting frame for generating photovoltaic power.

[0007] A photovoltaic control module, connected to the photovoltaic module, is used to monitor the operating parameters of the photovoltaic module and adjust the operating mode of the photovoltaic module according to the operating parameters;

[0008] The waste heat exchange module is in full contact with the photovoltaic module and is used to absorb the heat energy generated by the photovoltaic module for heat circulation.

[0009] A heat exchange control module is connected to the waste heat exchange module and the photovoltaic module respectively, and is used to control the operating mode and circulation path of the waste heat exchange module according to the operating parameters of the waste heat exchange module, the operating parameters of the photovoltaic module and the real-time heat energy demand of the vehicle.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic panel and a heat exchange thin film, wherein:

[0011] The heat exchange film is attached to the back of the photovoltaic panel, the photovoltaic panel is fixed to the mounting frame, and the heat exchange film is attached to the outer wall of the mounting frame.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the waste heat exchange module includes a channel unit, a circulation unit, and a heat exchange medium, wherein:

[0013] The channel unit is disposed on the inner wall of the mounting frame, the circulation unit is connected to the channel unit, and the circulation unit is connected to the vehicle's thermal energy demand unit.

[0014] The heat exchange medium circulates in the channel unit and the circulation unit, and is used to transfer heat with the heat exchange membrane.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the circulation unit includes a circulation channel, a circulation pump, a control valve, and a thermal energy storage device, wherein:

[0016] The heat exchange medium circulates in the circulation channel;

[0017] The circulating pump is used to adjust the circulation flow rate and pressure of the heat exchange medium according to the real-time heat demand of the vehicle.

[0018] The control valve is used to adjust the flow direction and flow rate of the heat exchange medium according to the real-time parameters of the heat exchange medium;

[0019] The thermal energy storage device is used to store and release thermal energy.

[0020] In an optional implementation, the photovoltaic control module includes a first sensor unit and an adjustment unit, wherein:

[0021] The first sensor unit is used to monitor the operating parameters of the photovoltaic module, which include at least voltage, current, power and temperature;

[0022] The adjustment unit is used to adjust the operating mode of the photovoltaic module according to the operating parameters.

[0023] In an optional embodiment, the photovoltaic control module further includes a second sensor unit and a first communication unit, wherein:

[0024] The second sensor unit is used to detect environmental parameters of the external environment, which include at least light intensity, temperature and humidity;

[0025] The first communication unit is communicatively connected to the vehicle's energy management system to obtain the vehicle's real-time energy demand;

[0026] The adjustment unit adjusts the operating mode of the photovoltaic module according to the operating parameters, the environmental parameters, and the real-time energy demand.

[0027] In an optional implementation, the heat exchange control module includes a detection unit, a second communication unit, and a control unit, wherein:

[0028] The detection unit is used to detect the operating parameters of the waste heat exchange module and the working parameters of the photovoltaic module. The operating parameters include at least the temperature, flow rate, and pressure of the heat exchange medium and the energy storage status of the thermal energy storage device.

[0029] The second communication unit is communicatively connected to the vehicle's thermal energy demand unit and is used to obtain the real-time thermal energy demand of the thermal energy demand unit.

[0030] The control unit is used to control the operating mode and circulation path of the waste heat exchange module according to the operating parameters, the working parameters and the real-time heat energy demand.

[0031] In an optional embodiment, the heat exchange film is made of nanofiber material, the channel unit adopts a mesh structure or serpentine structure layout, and the heat exchange medium is synthetic heat transfer oil.

[0032] Secondly, the present invention provides an operation method for a waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation, wherein the operation method is applied to the waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation as described in any one of the first aspects of the present invention, and the operation method includes:

[0033] Photovoltaic modules generate heat through photovoltaic power generation;

[0034] The photovoltaic control module adjusts the operating mode of the photovoltaic module according to the operating parameters of the photovoltaic module, the environmental parameters of the external environment, and the real-time energy demand of the vehicle.

[0035] The waste heat exchange module absorbs the heat energy generated by the photovoltaic module and performs heat circulation to store the heat energy;

[0036] The heat exchange control module controls the operating mode and circulation path of the waste heat exchange module based on the operating parameters of the waste heat exchange module, the operating parameters of the photovoltaic module, and the real-time heat energy demand of the vehicle.

[0037] Thirdly, the present invention provides a vehicle comprising a waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation as described in any of the first aspects of the present invention.

[0038] This invention provides a photovoltaic-based waste heat exchange system, operating method, and vehicle. Through structural and operational optimization and innovative collaborative control mechanisms, it efficiently recovers the heat energy generated by photovoltaic panels and cleverly applies it to the vehicle's heat energy demand devices, reducing reliance on traditional energy sources and significantly improving energy utilization efficiency. By controlling the operation of the photovoltaic modules, the waste heat exchange system operates efficiently, effectively removing the heat generated by the photovoltaic panels and ensuring that the panels remain within their optimal operating temperature range. This effectively avoids the problem of decreased photoelectric conversion efficiency due to excessive temperature, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic system. Simultaneously, based on the vehicle's actual energy needs and environmental conditions, the operating mode is intelligently and flexibly adjusted, fully leveraging the respective advantages of photovoltaic power generation and waste heat exchange to maximize energy utilization, effectively increasing the vehicle's driving range and providing users with a longer driving distance and a more convenient travel experience. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a first schematic diagram of the structure of a waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of a waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the operation method of a waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Explanation of key component markings:

[0045] 100. Waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation; 110. Photovoltaic module; 111. Photovoltaic panel; 112. Heat exchange film; 120. Photovoltaic control module; 121. First sensor unit; 122. Adjustment unit; 123. Second sensor unit; 124. First communication unit; 130. Waste heat exchange module; 131. Channel unit; 132. Circulation unit; 133. Heat exchange medium; 140. Heat exchange control module; 141. Detection unit; 142. Second communication unit; 143. Control unit; 200. Vehicle. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be further described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this invention. It should be noted that the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0047] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0048] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0049] In existing vehicle photovoltaic power generation technology, due to limitations in photovoltaic conversion efficiency, approximately 77% of the energy is not converted into electrical energy. This unconverted energy is lost as heat accumulation and light reflection. Heat accumulation causes the photovoltaic panel temperature to rise, leading to a decrease in photovoltaic conversion efficiency. For example, if the photovoltaic panel temperature exceeds its optimal operating temperature range, the photovoltaic conversion efficiency may decrease by approximately 0.4%-0.5% for every 1°C increase, creating a negative feedback loop of "temperature rise-efficiency." Furthermore, traditional vehicles lack effective mechanisms for recovering and reusing this lost energy during operation, further exacerbating energy waste. Moreover, existing vehicle energy systems lack intelligent control capabilities under different operating conditions and environmental environments, meaning they cannot optimize energy allocation and efficient utilization based on actual circumstances.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] This invention provides a waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation, effectively solving the problem of how to efficiently recover and utilize the surplus energy generated by vehicle photovoltaic panels. This photovoltaic-based waste heat exchange system is applied to a vehicle, with a mounting frame installed on the vehicle's roof. In this embodiment, the vehicle can be a new energy vehicle, and the mounting frame can be a car sunroof frame. Figure 1 This is a first schematic diagram of the structure of a waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the waste heat exchange system 100 based on photovoltaic power generation includes a photovoltaic module 110, a photovoltaic control module 120, a waste heat exchange module 130, and a heat exchange control module 140.

[0052] The photovoltaic module 110 is fixedly installed on the car sunroof frame for photovoltaic power generation. Figure 2 This is a second schematic diagram of the waste heat exchange system structure based on photovoltaic power generation provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the photovoltaic module 110 includes a photovoltaic panel 111 and a heat exchange film 112. The heat exchange film 112 is attached to the back of the photovoltaic panel 111, the photovoltaic panel 111 is fixed to the car sunroof frame, and the heat exchange film 112 is attached to the outer wall of the car sunroof frame.

[0053] In this embodiment of the invention, the photovoltaic panel 111 installed on the car sunroof frame employs advanced transparent or semi-transparent photovoltaic materials and structural design, achieving efficient photovoltaic power generation while ensuring good light transmittance and not affecting the vehicle's interior visibility and lighting. For example, in a car sunroof frame with an installation area of ​​2.5m²... 2 Semi-transparent polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic panels.

[0054] A heat exchange film 112 is tightly bonded to the back of the photovoltaic panel 111. This heat exchange film 112 can be made of special nanofiber material with a thickness of 0.8 mm. It has a large specific surface area and excellent thermal conductivity, enabling it to fully contact the heat exchange medium and form a highly efficient heat exchange interface, thereby improving heat transfer efficiency. At the same time, the heat exchange film 112 also has good flexibility and anti-aging properties, allowing it to adapt to the working environment and mechanical deformation of the photovoltaic panel 111.

[0055] The photovoltaic panel 111 is securely mounted on the car sunroof frame using high-precision and high-strength fasteners. The car sunroof frame is designed with full consideration of mechanical performance, wind resistance, and heat conduction performance. It can provide stable and reliable support for the photovoltaic panel 111, ensuring its safety under high-speed driving and complex road conditions, while also achieving efficient heat dissipation to ensure that the photovoltaic panel 111 is always within the optimal operating temperature range.

[0056] The photovoltaic control module 120 is connected to the photovoltaic module 110 and is used to monitor the operating parameters of the photovoltaic module 110 and adjust the operating mode of the photovoltaic module 110 according to the operating parameters. The photovoltaic control module 120 includes a first sensor unit 121, an adjustment unit 122, a second sensor unit 123, and a first communication unit 124.

[0057] In this embodiment of the invention, the first sensor unit 121 uses a high-precision sensor to monitor the operating parameters of the photovoltaic module 110, including but not limited to voltage, current, power, and temperature. The second sensor unit 123 also uses a high-precision sensor to detect environmental parameters of the external environment, including but not limited to light intensity, ambient temperature, and ambient humidity. The first communication unit 124 is communicatively connected to the vehicle's energy management system to obtain the vehicle's real-time energy requirements, including but not limited to the energy requirements of the power, lighting, and air conditioning systems.

[0058] The regulation unit 122 employs a microcontroller to adjust the operating mode of the photovoltaic module 110 based on operating parameters, environmental parameters, and real-time energy demand. Specifically, it compares the real-time operating parameters with the rated operating parameters to evaluate the performance of the photovoltaic panel 111, and then predicts the efficiency based on environmental parameters. Next, it determines whether the power generation of the photovoltaic panel 111 is balanced with the real-time energy demand, prioritizing the real-time energy demand to obtain a demand sequence. Finally, it uses a maximum power point tracking algorithm to ensure the photovoltaic panel 111 operates at its maximum power point. If power generation is excessive, excess energy is stored; if insufficient, the battery is activated. The power demand of high-priority systems is prioritized according to the demand sequence, and the power of non-essential systems is reduced when necessary.

[0059] The waste heat exchange module 130 is in full contact with the photovoltaic module 110 to absorb the heat energy generated by the photovoltaic module 110 for heat circulation. The waste heat exchange module 130 includes a channel unit 131, a circulation unit 132, and a heat exchange medium 133. The channel unit 131 is disposed on the inner wall of the vehicle sunroof frame, and the circulation unit 132 is connected to the channel unit 131 and the vehicle's heat energy demand unit. The heat exchange medium 133 circulates within the channel unit 131 and the circulation unit 132, and is used for heat transfer with the heat exchange membrane 112.

[0060] The channel unit 131 adopts a microchannel structure at the micrometer level, and the diameter of the microchannel can be 2mm-5mm. In this embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the microchannel inside the automotive sunroof frame is precisely set to 3mm, and a unique mesh distribution is adopted to ensure that the heat exchange medium 133 can flow smoothly and uniformly, and can fully contact the heat exchange film 112 to efficiently absorb the heat generated by the photovoltaic panel 111, thereby achieving a fast and efficient heat exchange process.

[0061] The heat exchange medium 133 can be a synthetic heat transfer oil with ultra-high thermal conductivity, good chemical stability, and low viscosity. Over a wide temperature range, the thermal conductivity of synthetic heat transfer oil can reach 0.15 W / (m·K)-0.25 W / (m·K), with a large specific heat capacity, enabling it to rapidly absorb and transfer large amounts of heat. Simultaneously, synthetic heat transfer oil possesses good oxidation resistance and low-temperature fluidity, allowing it to operate stably under different ambient temperatures, providing a reliable guarantee for the efficient operation of the waste heat exchange module 130.

[0062] The circulation unit 132 includes a corrosion-resistant, high-strength circulation channel, a high-performance variable frequency circulation pump, a high-precision intelligent control valve, and a large-capacity thermal energy storage device. The circulation unit 132 is rationally connected to the channel unit in the vehicle sunroof frame, as well as heat-demanding devices such as the vehicle's air conditioning and battery, ensuring the overall coordination and stability of the entire system.

[0063] The heat exchange medium 133 circulates in the circulation channel. The variable frequency circulation pump can adjust the circulation flow rate and pressure of the heat exchange medium 133 according to the real-time heat demand of the vehicle, ensuring that the heat exchange medium 133 circulates stably and efficiently in the circulation unit 132. For example, if the photovoltaic panel 111 is at a high temperature and the vehicle requires a large amount of heat energy, the speed of the variable frequency circulation pump is increased, the flow rate is increased from 10L / min to 20L / min, and the pressure is increased from 0.5MPa to 0.7MPa. If the temperature of the photovoltaic panel 111 is moderate and the vehicle's heat energy demand is low, the speed of the variable frequency circulation pump is decreased, the flow rate is reduced from 10L / min to 5L / min, and the pressure is reduced from 0.5MPa to 0.3MPa.

[0064] The intelligent control valve can precisely adjust the flow direction and flow rate of the heat exchange medium 113 based on real-time parameters such as temperature and pressure, achieving precise control of the heat exchange process. The thermal energy storage device uses advanced phase change energy storage materials, which can efficiently store and release thermal energy so that it can be provided in a timely manner when the vehicle needs thermal energy, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0065] The heat exchange control module 140 is connected to the waste heat exchange module 130 and the photovoltaic module 110 respectively, and is used to control the operation mode and circulation path of the waste heat exchange module 130 according to the operating parameters of the waste heat exchange module 130, the operating parameters of the photovoltaic module 110 and the real-time heat energy demand of the vehicle.

[0066] The heat exchange control module 140 includes a detection unit 141, a second communication unit 142, and a control unit 143. The detection unit 141 monitors various operating parameters of the waste heat exchange module 130 in real time, including but not limited to the temperature, flow rate, pressure of the heat exchange medium, and the energy storage status of the thermal energy storage device. Simultaneously, the detection unit 141 monitors the operating parameters of the photovoltaic panel 111 in real time, including but not limited to voltage, current, power, and temperature, and can also communicate with the first sensor unit 121 to acquire these operating parameters. The second communication unit is connected to the vehicle's thermal energy demand unit to acquire its real-time thermal energy demand, including but not limited to the heating or cooling demand of the air conditioning system, the battery temperature management demand, and the vehicle's driving status demand.

[0067] The control unit 143, based on operating parameters, working parameters, and real-time heat energy demand, utilizes advanced intelligent control algorithms to automatically control the operating mode of the waste heat exchange module 130 and the circulation path of the heat exchange medium 133, achieving efficient operation of the waste heat exchange module 130 and rational energy allocation. Specifically, firstly, the acquired data undergoes data cleaning and preprocessing to extract features such as light and temperature changes, and assesses power generation, heat exchange efficiency, and energy supply and demand status. Then, based on preset rules and analysis results, and combined with different operating conditions (such as light intensity and energy demand levels), the operating mode (e.g., energy saving and priority heating modes) is determined. Next, according to the selected operating mode, combined with pipeline parameters and equipment performance, an optimization algorithm is used to plan the circulation path of the heat exchange medium 133. Finally, control commands are generated and sent to actuators such as the circulating pump and control valves to achieve operating mode and circulation path control. Furthermore, parameters can be monitored in real time and compared with target values; if deviations occur, control commands can be adjusted promptly to ensure the entire system operates in optimal condition. It can also accurately predict energy demand trends based on real-time parameters and historical data, and adaptively adjust in real time.

[0068] The waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation provided in this invention, through structural and operational optimization and innovative collaborative control mechanisms, efficiently recovers the heat energy generated by photovoltaic panels and cleverly applies it to the vehicle's heat energy demand devices, reducing reliance on traditional energy sources and achieving a significant improvement in energy utilization efficiency. By controlling the operation of the photovoltaic modules, the waste heat exchange system operates efficiently, effectively removing the heat generated by the photovoltaic panels in a timely manner, ensuring that the photovoltaic panels are always maintained within the optimal operating temperature range, effectively avoiding the problem of decreased photoelectric conversion efficiency due to excessive temperature, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] Based on the same technical concept as Embodiment 1 above, this embodiment of the invention provides an operation method for a waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation. This operation method is applied to the waste heat exchange system 100 based on photovoltaic power generation in Embodiment 1. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the operation method of a waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the running method includes the following steps:

[0071] S100, photovoltaic modules generate heat through photovoltaic power generation.

[0072] In this embodiment of the invention, the photovoltaic panel 111 directly converts sunlight into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect. During the energy conversion process, not all photon energy can be fully utilized, and some energy will be converted into heat energy and dissipated. The heat exchange film 112 absorbs the heat energy.

[0073] The S200 photovoltaic control module adjusts the working mode of the photovoltaic module according to the working parameters of the photovoltaic module, the environmental parameters of the external environment, and the real-time energy demand of the vehicle.

[0074] In this embodiment of the invention, the photovoltaic control module 120 evaluates the performance of the photovoltaic panel 111 by comparing real-time operating parameters with rated operating parameters, and then predicts the efficiency based on environmental parameters. Next, it determines whether the power generation of the photovoltaic panel 111 is balanced with the real-time energy demand, and prioritizes the real-time energy demand to obtain a demand sequence. Finally, a maximum power point tracking algorithm is used to ensure the photovoltaic panel 111 operates at its maximum power point. If power generation is excessive, excess energy is stored; if insufficient, the battery is activated. The power demand of high-priority systems is prioritized according to the demand sequence, and the power of non-essential systems is reduced when necessary.

[0075] The S300 waste heat exchange module absorbs the heat energy generated by the photovoltaic module and circulates the heat to store it.

[0076] In this embodiment of the invention, the waste heat exchange module 130 flows smoothly and uniformly in the microchannel through the heat exchange medium 133, making full contact with the heat exchange film 112, and efficiently absorbing the heat generated by the photovoltaic panel 111, thus achieving a rapid and efficient heat exchange process. At the same time, the heat exchange medium 133 circulates stably and efficiently in the circulation unit 132, utilizing the thermal energy storage device to efficiently store and release thermal energy.

[0077] The S400 heat exchange control module controls the operating mode and circulation path of the waste heat exchange module based on the operating parameters of the waste heat exchange module, the working parameters of the photovoltaic module, and the real-time heat energy demand of the vehicle.

[0078] In this embodiment of the invention, the heat exchange control module 140 performs data preprocessing, such as data cleaning, based on the operating parameters of the waste heat exchange module, the working parameters of the photovoltaic module, and the real-time heat energy demand of the vehicle. It extracts features such as changes in sunlight and temperature to evaluate power generation, heat exchange efficiency, and energy supply and demand status. Then, based on preset rules and analysis results, and combined with different operating conditions (such as sunlight intensity and energy demand levels), it determines the operating mode (e.g., energy saving and priority heating modes). Then, according to the selected operating mode, and combined with pipeline parameters and equipment performance, it uses an optimization algorithm to plan the circulation path of the heat exchange medium 133. Finally, it generates control commands and sends these commands to actuators such as the circulating pump and control valves to achieve control of the operating mode and circulation path.

[0079] For example, under sunny conditions with a suitable interior temperature and stable vehicle operation, the photovoltaic panel 111 generates a high power while the vehicle's heat demand is low. The heat exchange control module 140 controls the waste heat exchange module 130 to automatically enter a low-power energy-saving operation mode, maintaining only the necessary heat exchange medium 133 circulation to remove the small amount of heat generated by the photovoltaic panel 111, ensuring the photovoltaic panel 111 operates within a suitable temperature range. Excess electrical energy can be directly stored in the vehicle battery, providing sufficient power support for subsequent vehicle operation.

[0080] When the photovoltaic panel 111 has a low power output but a high temperature, and the vehicle's heat energy demand is also low, the heat exchange control module 140 controls the waste heat exchange module 130 to rapidly increase the circulation flow rate and velocity of the heat exchange medium 133, quickly removing the heat generated by the photovoltaic panel 111, effectively reducing the temperature of the photovoltaic panel 111, and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency. During this process, the generated heat energy can be stored in a heat energy storage device, achieving efficient heat energy recovery and reuse.

[0081] When a vehicle has a high demand for heat energy, such as when the vehicle's air conditioning needs to heat or the battery needs to preheat, and the heat generated by the photovoltaic panel 111 can meet some or all of the demand, the heat exchange control module 140 controls the waste heat exchange module 130 to precisely adjust the flow direction and flow rate of the heat exchange medium 133 according to actual needs. This efficiently transfers the absorbed heat to the vehicle's air conditioning heating device or battery preheating device, providing warmth to the vehicle interior or a suitable operating temperature for the battery. Simultaneously, the photovoltaic module 110 continues to generate electricity stably to meet other power needs of the vehicle, such as lighting, electronic equipment operation, and power drive, achieving comprehensive and efficient energy utilization.

[0082] When the vehicle requires cooling, the heat exchange control module 140 controls the waste heat exchange module 130 to work closely with the air conditioning system. Through unique heat exchange technology, the heat generated by the photovoltaic panel 111 is quickly transferred to the outside of the vehicle, reducing the burden on the air conditioning system. At the same time, the electricity generated by the photovoltaic module 110 drives the air conditioning system, achieving efficient energy utilization, reducing dependence on traditional energy sources, and improving the vehicle's energy efficiency and driving range.

[0083] To verify the effectiveness of the operation method of the photovoltaic-based waste heat exchange system provided in this embodiment of the invention, a summer daytime test was conducted. Without the photovoltaic-based waste heat exchange system 100, a new energy vehicle's air conditioning system consumed 3 kWh of electricity per hour during the summer daytime. After installing the photovoltaic-based waste heat exchange system 100, the electricity generated by the photovoltaic module 110 met 50% of the air conditioning system's power demand, saving 3 × 50% = 1.5 kWh per hour. Simultaneously, the waste heat exchange module 130 assisted in cooling, increasing the air conditioning system's energy efficiency ratio by 25%. The cooling capacity that originally required 3 kWh now only requires 3 ÷ 1.25 = 2.4 kWh, saving another 0.6 kWh. Therefore, the new energy vehicle equipped with the photovoltaic-based waste heat exchange system 100 saves a total of 2.1 kWh of electricity per hour during the summer daytime.

[0084] The operation method of the photovoltaic-based waste heat exchange system provided in this invention automatically and precisely controls the operating status and coordinated switching process of the photovoltaic module and the waste heat exchange module according to a preset coordinated control strategy and advanced intelligent algorithm. The entire process requires no manual intervention, realizing intelligent, efficient and automated operation, greatly improving the system's response speed and operating efficiency, ensuring that the system can always be in the optimal operating state, and providing a stable, reliable and efficient energy supply for new energy vehicles.

[0085] Example 3

[0086] Based on the same technical concept as the above embodiments, this invention provides a vehicle. Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the vehicle 200 includes a waste heat exchange system 100 based on photovoltaic power generation, as in Embodiment 1.

[0087] In this embodiment of the invention, the vehicle can be a motorhome, with 12 panels measuring 1.2m × 0.8m = 0.96m installed on the roof according to an optimized layout. 2The system utilizes polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic panels. These panels are securely mounted on a custom-designed rooftop bracket using high-precision and high-strength fasteners. The microchannels inside the rooftop bracket have a 3.5mm diameter and are arranged in a serpentine pattern to ensure smooth flow and sufficient heat exchange of the heat exchange medium. A 0.8mm thick high-efficiency heat exchange film is tightly bonded to the back of the photovoltaic panels. A circulation unit in the waste heat exchange module connects to the microchannels inside the rooftop bracket, as well as to the vehicle's air conditioning, heating, and battery preheating systems. The photovoltaic control module and heat exchange control module are installed, ensuring accurate connection of all components. Comprehensive commissioning is then performed to ensure the normal and stable operation of the photovoltaic-based waste heat exchange system 100.

[0088] In this embodiment of the invention, verification was conducted during a winter daytime period. When the power generation of the photovoltaic panel was moderate, while the RV had a high heating demand, the heat exchange control module immediately adjusted the flow direction and flow rate of the heat exchange medium, accurately delivering the absorbed heat from the photovoltaic panel to the RV's heating system to meet part of the heating needs. Simultaneously, the photovoltaic module continuously and stably generates electricity, which is used for other power needs of the RV, such as lighting and equipment operation.

[0089] For example, suppose that without the photovoltaic-based waste heat exchange system 100 installed, the RV consumes 8 kWh of electricity per hour when using an electric heater for heating during the winter daytime. After installing the photovoltaic-based waste heat exchange system 100, the heat generated by the photovoltaic panels and the heat energy released by the thermal energy storage device can meet 40% of the heating demand, that is, save 8 kWh × 40% = 3.2 kWh of electricity per hour.

[0090] The vehicle provided in this embodiment of the invention intelligently and flexibly adjusts its operating mode according to the vehicle's actual energy needs and environmental conditions, giving full play to the respective advantages of photovoltaic power generation and waste heat exchange, maximizing energy utilization, effectively increasing the vehicle's range, and bringing users a longer driving distance and a more convenient travel experience.

[0091] In summary, the waste heat exchange system, operating method, and vehicle based on photovoltaic power generation provided by this invention, through structural and operational optimization and innovative collaborative control mechanisms, can efficiently recover the heat energy generated by photovoltaic panels and cleverly apply it to the vehicle's heat energy demand devices, reducing dependence on traditional energy sources and achieving a significant improvement in energy utilization efficiency. By controlling the operation of the photovoltaic modules, the waste heat exchange system operates efficiently, effectively removing the heat generated by the photovoltaic panels in a timely manner, ensuring that the photovoltaic panels are always maintained within the optimal operating temperature range, effectively avoiding the problem of decreased photoelectric conversion efficiency due to excessive temperature, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system. Simultaneously, based on the vehicle's actual energy needs and environmental conditions, the operating mode is intelligently and flexibly adjusted, fully leveraging the respective advantages of photovoltaic power generation and waste heat exchange to maximize energy utilization, effectively increasing the vehicle's driving range and providing users with a longer driving distance and a more convenient travel experience.

[0092] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0093] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

[0094] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation, characterized in that, The system is applied to a vehicle, wherein a mounting frame is provided on the top of the vehicle, and the system includes: A photovoltaic module is fixedly installed on the mounting frame for generating photovoltaic power. A photovoltaic control module, connected to the photovoltaic module, is used to monitor the operating parameters of the photovoltaic module and adjust the operating mode of the photovoltaic module according to the operating parameters; The waste heat exchange module is in full contact with the photovoltaic module and is used to absorb the heat energy generated by the photovoltaic module for heat circulation. A heat exchange control module is connected to the waste heat exchange module and the photovoltaic module respectively, and is used to control the operating mode and circulation path of the waste heat exchange module according to the operating parameters of the waste heat exchange module, the operating parameters of the photovoltaic module and the real-time heat energy demand of the vehicle.

2. The waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic panel and a heat exchange film, wherein: The heat exchange film is attached to the back of the photovoltaic panel, the photovoltaic panel is fixed to the mounting frame, and the heat exchange film is attached to the outer wall of the mounting frame.

3. The waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The waste heat exchange module includes a channel unit, a circulation unit, and a heat exchange medium, wherein: The channel unit is disposed on the inner wall of the mounting frame, the circulation unit is connected to the channel unit, and the circulation unit is connected to the vehicle's thermal energy demand unit. The heat exchange medium circulates in the channel unit and the circulation unit, and is used to transfer heat with the heat exchange membrane.

4. The waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The circulation unit includes a circulation channel, a circulation pump, a control valve, and a thermal energy storage device, wherein: The heat exchange medium circulates in the circulation channel; The circulating pump is used to adjust the circulation flow rate and pressure of the heat exchange medium according to the real-time heat demand of the vehicle. The control valve is used to adjust the flow direction and flow rate of the heat exchange medium according to the real-time parameters of the heat exchange medium; The thermal energy storage device is used to store and release thermal energy.

5. The waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic control module includes a first sensor unit and an adjustment unit, wherein: The first sensor unit is used to monitor the operating parameters of the photovoltaic module, which include at least voltage, current, power and temperature; The adjustment unit is used to adjust the operating mode of the photovoltaic module according to the operating parameters.

6. The waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The photovoltaic control module further includes a second sensor unit and a first communication unit, wherein: The second sensor unit is used to detect environmental parameters of the external environment, which include at least light intensity, temperature and humidity; The first communication unit is communicatively connected to the vehicle's energy management system to obtain the vehicle's real-time energy demand; The adjustment unit adjusts the operating mode of the photovoltaic module according to the operating parameters, the environmental parameters, and the real-time energy demand.

7. The waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heat exchange control module includes a detection unit, a second communication unit, and a control unit, wherein: The detection unit is used to detect the operating parameters of the waste heat exchange module and the working parameters of the photovoltaic module. The operating parameters include at least the temperature, flow rate, and pressure of the heat exchange medium and the energy storage status of the thermal energy storage device. The second communication unit is communicatively connected to the vehicle's thermal energy demand unit and is used to obtain the real-time thermal energy demand of the thermal energy demand unit. The control unit is used to control the operating mode and circulation path of the waste heat exchange module according to the operating parameters, the working parameters and the real-time heat energy demand.

8. The waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heat exchange film is made of nanofiber material, the channel unit adopts a mesh structure or serpentine structure layout, and the heat exchange medium is synthetic heat transfer oil.

9. An operation method for a waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation, characterized in that, The operating method is applied to the waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation as described in any one of claims 1-8, and the operating method includes: Photovoltaic modules generate heat through photovoltaic power generation; The photovoltaic control module adjusts the operating mode of the photovoltaic module according to the operating parameters of the photovoltaic module, the environmental parameters of the external environment, and the real-time energy demand of the vehicle. The waste heat exchange module absorbs the heat energy generated by the photovoltaic module and performs heat circulation to store the heat energy; The heat exchange control module controls the operating mode and circulation path of the waste heat exchange module based on the operating parameters of the waste heat exchange module, the operating parameters of the photovoltaic module, and the real-time heat energy demand of the vehicle.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a waste heat exchange system based on photovoltaic power generation as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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