A temperature measurement method and device for a photovoltaic module and a storage medium

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic testing, and discloses a temperature measurement method, device and storage medium for a photovoltaic module, comprising: constructing a current flow mapping relationship corresponding to each radiation piece area; relying on the current flow mapping relationship, extracting a local radiation deviated piece area, and calling a reference radiation piece area in a corresponding bit sequence from the current flow mapping relationship with the local radiation deviated piece area, identifying a limited current flow area corresponding to the local radiation deviated piece area; around the limited current flow area, calling the reference radiation piece area, combining the radiation discontinuous form of the local radiation deviated piece area along the sub-string current flow direction, determining the branch shunt state and the effective radiation interval corresponding to the local radiation deviated piece area; constraining the bit sequence coupling relationship between the local radiation deviated piece area and the reference radiation piece area by the branch shunt state and the effective radiation interval, and calculating the temperature of the photovoltaic module; the application is conducive to improving the local abnormal temperature rise identification capability of the photovoltaic module, and enhancing the support capability for hot spot early warning analysis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic testing technology, and more specifically, this invention relates to a method, equipment and storage medium for measuring the temperature of photovoltaic modules. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the widespread application of photovoltaic technology has led to an increased demand for monitoring the operational status and providing early warning of anomalies in photovoltaic modules. Photovoltaic modules operate under complex environmental conditions for extended periods, making them prone to localized abnormal high temperatures caused by uneven radiation, internal circuit malfunctions, or uneven localized heating. These phenomena not only affect the overall power generation efficiency of the modules but can also lead to long-term performance degradation or even damage. Therefore, accurate and rapid measurement and anomaly identification of modules have gradually become a crucial foundation for ensuring the efficient and stable operation of photovoltaic systems.

[0003] In existing technologies, temperature measurement of photovoltaic modules mostly employs non-contact methods such as infrared thermal imaging, utilizing multi-spectral radiation information for temperature diagnosis. However, in real-world scenarios, due to the complex mapping relationship and spatial coupling characteristics between the radiation information of local radiation deviation areas and reference areas, traditional methods often struggle to accurately identify effective areas and diagnose local anomalies, easily leading to temperature measurement errors and failing to provide reliable data support for hot spot early warning. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a method, device and storage medium for measuring the temperature of a photovoltaic module.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for measuring the temperature of a photovoltaic module, comprising:

[0007] Multispectral radiation images of photovoltaic modules under operating conditions are collected, and the current mapping relationship of each radiation area is constructed by combining cell boundary information and electrical connection sequence information.

[0008] Based on the current mapping relationship, local radiation deviation areas are extracted, and reference radiation areas that are in the corresponding order to the local radiation deviation areas are retrieved from the current mapping relationship to identify the restricted current transmission areas corresponding to the local radiation deviation areas.

[0009] Around the restricted propagation area, the reference radiation area is invoked, and the discontinuous radiation pattern along the substring propagation direction of the local radiation deviation area is combined to determine the branch diversion state and effective radiation range corresponding to the local radiation deviation area.

[0010] The temperature of the photovoltaic module is calculated by constraining the positional coupling relationship between the local radiation deviation area and the reference radiation area by using the branch diversion state and the effective radiation range.

[0011] An electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method described in any of the preceding claims.

[0012] A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed, implements the method described in any of the preceding claims.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0014] This invention constructs a current-carrying mapping relationship corresponding to each radiation zone, and integrates multi-spectral radiation information with cell boundary information and electrical connection sequence information, so as to establish a correspondence between the radiation distribution on the component surface and the internal current-carrying path, thereby providing a unified data foundation for subsequent identification of local abnormal areas and temperature calculation.

[0015] Furthermore, by identifying the restricted propagation area corresponding to the local radiation deviation area, and combining the positional return relationship on both sides of the bypass branch bridging position to form a constraint comparison zone, the analysis process of local radiation anomalies is simultaneously constrained by the series channel, the bridging channel, and the return boundary, thereby improving the pertinence of anomaly area location and propagation restriction range determination.

[0016] In addition, by combining the branch current distribution status, effective radiation range, and the positional coupling relationship between the local radiation deviation area and the reference radiation area to perform temperature calculation, the temperature measurement results can simultaneously reflect the local radiation state and the internal current transfer state, thereby enhancing the ability of the component temperature characterization results to support hot spot early warning analysis. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A flowchart of a temperature measurement method for a photovoltaic module provided by the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer-readable storage medium provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] Please see Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment discloses a method for measuring the temperature of a photovoltaic module, the method comprising:

[0023] S101: Collect multi-spectral radiation images of photovoltaic modules under operating conditions, and construct the current mapping relationship corresponding to each radiation area by combining cell boundary information and electrical connection sequence information.

[0024] S102: Based on the current mapping relationship, extract the local radiation deviation area, and retrieve the reference radiation area that is in the corresponding position of the local radiation deviation area from the current mapping relationship, and identify the restricted current transmission area corresponding to the local radiation deviation area.

[0025] S103: Around the restricted current transmission area, call the reference radiation area, and combine the radiation discontinuity pattern of the local radiation deviation area along the substring current transmission direction to determine the branch current splitting state and effective radiation range corresponding to the local radiation deviation area.

[0026] S104: The temperature of the photovoltaic module is calculated by constraining the positional coupling relationship between the local radiation deviation area and the reference radiation area based on the branch shunt state and the effective radiation range.

[0027] It should be noted that the multi-spectral radiation images are obtained synchronously from the working surface of the photovoltaic module by a multi-spectral infrared imaging device when the photovoltaic module is in power generation mode. To ensure that images of different bands can be matched one by one in subsequent processing, band response calibration and spatial position calibration are first performed on the multi-spectral infrared imaging device. Band response calibration is used to establish the correspondence between the output value of each band pixel and the radiation response, and spatial position calibration is used to unify the images of each band to the same image coordinate system. The calibration parameters are derived from the equipment calibration experimental data, which includes blackbody radiation response values ​​at multiple known temperature points and the corresponding pixel response curves of the bands.

[0028] Let the number of acquisition bands be Then the set of multispectral radiation images is represented as ,in, Indicates the first The radiometric images correspond to each band. After spatial calibration, the images of each band are mapped to the same image coordinate system. Through this process, the same solar cell region under different bands has a consistent spatial location in the image, thus providing a unified image basis for subsequent extraction of radiometric regions according to the solar cell boundaries.

[0029] The cell boundary information is derived from the joint calibration results of the module layout data and image registration. Specifically, the manufacturing layout data of the photovoltaic module is first read to obtain the design boundaries of each cell. Then, the design boundaries are mapped onto a multi-spectral radiation image using corner registration or edge registration methods to obtain the set of boundary contours of each cell in the image coordinate system. ,in, Indicates the total number of battery cells. Indicates the first The boundary contour corresponding to each battery cell.

[0030] The electrical connection sequence information is derived from the module wiring diagram, sub-string arrangement data, and bypass branch connection data. It includes at least the sub-string identifier of each cell, the serial connection order of each cell within its sub-string, the bridging position of the bypass branch, and the foldback connection relationship under a serpentine arrangement. Using this data, the serial connection channel relationship, bridging channel relationship, and foldback position relationship between cells are established, ensuring that the surface radiation area and the internal current transmission path of the module form the same sequence constraint framework.

[0031] After obtaining multi-spectral radiation images, the radiation images of each band are segmented according to the cell boundary information, so that each cell corresponds to a radiation region. Let the first... The radiation zone is Then the first The radiation zone in the first Regional radiation levels under each band Represented as ,in, Indicates radiation area The number of pixels within, Indicates the first Each band image at pixel point The radiation value at that location. This can constitute the first... Multispectral radiation characterization vector of each radiation region .

[0032] The above processing converts the radiation information at the image level into radiation information at the area level, so that the construction of the subsequent current mapping relationship directly corresponds to the current transmission unit at the cell level.

[0033] Specifically, the construction of the current mapping relationship corresponding to each radiating region includes:

[0034] Extract the boundary extension direction and positional connection direction of each radiation area, and write the boundary extension direction and positional connection direction into the area connection unit;

[0035] The boundary extension direction is used to characterize the dominant extension trend of the radiation area boundary, and the positional connection direction is used to characterize the current propagation direction of the current radiation area under the constraint of electrical connection positional information. In the process of extracting the boundary extension direction, the first... The boundary outline of the radiation zone Boundary point set ,in, Indicates the first The number of boundary points in each radiation zone. Then, the center coordinates of the boundary point set are calculated. , Then construct the covariance matrix of the boundary point set. Take the covariance matrix The principal eigenvector is used as the first The direction of the boundary extension of each radiation zone is denoted as . When the solar cells are arranged in a regular matrix, the boundary extension direction... It is used to reflect the arrangement relationship between the radiation area and adjacent radiation areas in the row or column direction.

[0036] During the extraction of bit sequence connection pointers, the first bit sequence is determined based on the electrical connection bit sequence information. The next digit of the radiating region in its substring. Let the radiating region be the next digit of the radiating region. The center coordinates of each radiation zone are The coordinates of the center of the next order radiation area are Then the bit sequence connection points to ,in, Indicates the first The next position index of the radiating region in the electrical connection bit order. If the If a radiation zone is located in the vicinity of the bypass branch bridging position, in addition to the serial connection direction, the connection direction of the bridging channel corresponding to the radiation zone is also recorded, and the connection direction and channel type are written into the subsequent zone connection unit.

[0037] In obtaining the direction of boundary extension And bit sequence connection to point Then, both are written into the segment connection unit. Let the first... The area connection unit corresponding to each radiation zone is: Then the area connection unit is represented as ,in, Indicates the radiation zone identification. Indicates the identifier of the substring to which it belongs. This indicates the positional index within the substring. This indicates the current connection channel type, which includes serial channels and bridging channels. By writing the boundary extension direction and positional connection direction into the area connection unit, the spatial arrangement information of the radiation area and the current transmission positional information are grouped into the same data structure, so that the subsequent staggered arrangement process can be directly combined based on the area connection unit.

[0038] The area connection units and electrical connection position information are interleaved and arranged, and then the area connection units located on both sides of the bypass branch bridging position are inserted into the foldback position in the interleaved arrangement to form a current mapping relationship.

[0039] During the staggered arrangement process, the connection units of all cell areas are first sorted according to the serial connection order of each cell in each substring in the electrical connection position information to form a basic position sequence. , where subscript This indicates the order after rearranging according to the electrical connection position sequence. Subsequently, considering the boundary extension direction of each area connection unit, area connection units in the same arrangement direction are grouped in the same direction, while area connection units in a folded arrangement relationship are grouped adjacently. The same-direction grouping is determined by the following condition: if two adjacent area connection units... and The following conditions must be met: the substrings must be identical, the positions must be adjacent, and the angle between the boundary extension directions must be equal. Then and They are grouped into units arranged in the same direction. The upper limit of the included angle... This is derived from the statistical results of the deviation between the component layout orientation and the image registration orientation. In some value selection methods, it can be... Set as the directional deviation distribution of the batch samples Quantiles; in a set of exemplary statistics, if the directional deviation sample distribution after registration is... quantile value Then take .

[0040] The adjacent folding is determined using the following criteria: If two area connection units do not belong to the same arrangement direction in the basic position sequence, and the electrical connection position information indicates that the previous area connection unit is at the end of the current row and the next area connection unit is at the beginning of the next row, and both are associated with the same bypass branch bridging position, then these two area connection units are recorded as folding-back paired units, and the corresponding folding-back position is inserted subsequently. Further, assume that there are a total of... If there are several bypass branch crossing positions, then the set of bypass branch crossing positions is represented as follows: For any bypass branch bridging position Extract the area connection units located on both sides of the bridging position, and denote them as follows: and In the basic positional sequence Establish corresponding turnaround positions in the middle and will and Insert the two sides of the fold-back position to create a fold-back relationship in the serial channel at that position.

[0041] To ensure consistency in edge relationships after the insertion of the turnaround point, the turnaround point is established... Then, first retain the existing serial channel located in Previous preorder edges and located at The subsequent postorder edges, then... To reconstruct the bridging edges for the connecting nodes, the local positional path is adjusted from the original linear path to a folded path structure of "previous segment connection unit - turnaround point - subsequent segment connection unit". After completing the folded writing of all bypass branch bridging positions, the flow mapping relationship is obtained. ,in, This represents the set of nodes consisting of all connected units in the region. This represents the set of directed edges corresponding to the serial channels. This represents the set of directed edges corresponding to the bridging channel. This represents the set of return positions.

[0042] Taking a three-string photovoltaic module as an example, if there is a serpentine foldback connection between the last cell of a substring and the first cell of the next row, and the two ends of the substring are connected by the same bypass branch, then the corresponding cell connection units are first arranged in the series connection order in the basic position sequence, and then the cell connection units at both ends of the substring are inserted at the foldback position corresponding to the bypass branch. After this processing, the current mapping relationship simultaneously preserves the series connection channel order, the foldback relationship of the bridging channel, and the positional adjacency relationship of the cells on both sides of the bypass branch.

[0043] With this approach, subsequent quasi-order retrieval and backtracking retrieval are based on the same quasi-order framework, and the path query results corresponding to the local radiation deviation area are consistent with the internal flow path of the component.

[0044] It should be noted that the local radiation deviation area refers to a radiation area whose multi-spectral radiation characterization shows a local deviation relative to the corresponding sequence radiation area and the adjacent sequence radiation area under the constraint of the current mapping relationship; the reference radiation area refers to a radiation area that is in the same sequence as the local radiation deviation area but not in the same local deviation aggregation segment; the restricted current transmission area refers to the local current transmission constraint area that is jointly defined by the local radiation deviation area, the series path, the bridging path and the return boundary.

[0045] When extracting local radiation deviation areas, first rely on the flux mapping relationship. Construct a corresponding ordinal reference set for each radiation region. Let the first... The corresponding positional reference set for each radiation region is: ,but Including: with the The first radiation region is located in the same substring and has the same forward positional distance relative to the bypass branch bridging position. The radiation regions that form a mirror image sequence along the return path and the radiation regions that are related to the first radiation region. The sequential radiation regions adjacent to each other in the first radiation region. For the first radiation region... The radiation zone, in the first Reference radiation in each band Furthermore, define the first... Sequence deviation of each radiation zone ,in, For the first The weighting coefficients of each band, and satisfying The weighting coefficient The linear normalization setting is performed in advance based on the detection sensitivity or signal-to-noise ratio of the multi-band infrared imaging device in each band, so as to characterize the contribution of different bands in the deviation calculation.

[0046] Expand all along the positional direction of the flow mapping relationship. Then, local peak position retrieval is performed on the positional deviation sequence. Let the first difference of the positional deviation sequence be... When a certain radiation area corresponds to Satisfying the previous position The next position When the radiation deviation of a radiation region relative to its corresponding positional reference set occurs simultaneously in two or more bands, the radiation region is extracted as a local radiation deviation region, denoted as... When two or more adjacent positions satisfy... If the difference on the left side of the equal segment is positive and the difference on the right side is negative, then the equal segment is considered as a plateau peak segment.

[0047] For plateau peak regions, all plateau peak positions are first merged into the same local deviation candidate segment. Then, the position with the smallest distance to the corresponding turnaround position is selected from this candidate segment as the landing point. If multiple position positions in the candidate segment have the same distance to the turnaround position, the position with the middle position index is selected as the landing point. This processing method ensures that the extraction of local radiation deviation regions under plateau peak conditions has a single landing point.

[0048] After extracting the local radiation deviation area, the flow mapping relationship is used. Central retrieval and local radiation deviation areas A reference radiation region located in the corresponding position sequence. The reference radiation region satisfies the following condition: [and...] The substring is the same as or is the same as The reference radiation area is associated with the same bypass branch bridging location; it has the same forward or return positional distance relative to the bypass branch bridging location; and it is not located in the continuous mismatch clustering section to which the local radiation deviation area belongs. After adopting this retrieval method, the local radiation deviation area and the reference radiation area are in the same current propagation background, providing a corresponding positional basis for subsequent identification of the restricted current propagation area.

[0049] Specifically, the identification of the confined current-carrying region corresponding to the local radiation deviation area includes:

[0050] Starting from the location of the local radiation deviation area in the flow mapping relationship, the same-direction sequence area is extracted along the cascade channel, and the opposite-direction sequence area is extracted along the bridging channel to form a candidate reference band.

[0051] The location of the impact point refers to the local radiation deviating from the area. In flow mapping relationship The corresponding node position in the middle is denoted as .set up The location of the associated bypass branch is .by Starting from the first point, radiation regions that are in the same order as the local radiation deviation region are extracted step by step along the cascade channel according to the positional connection direction, forming a set of regions in the same order. At the same time, with The associated turnaround point is the transition point. Radiation regions that are in opposing order with the local radiation deviation region are extracted step by step along the bridging channel to form a set of opposing order regions. Subsequently, and According to the crossing position relative to the same bypass branch The positional distance relationships are merged to form candidate reference bands. Each element in the candidate reference band includes at least a radiation area identifier, its channel type, its position index, the identifier of the corresponding bypass tributary bridging position, and its position distance relative to the bypass tributary bridging position. The candidate reference band formed in this way simultaneously carries both the cascading direction relationship and the reversal direction relationship, enabling subsequent comparison processes to be based on a set of position areas within the same current flow context.

[0052] The candidate reference band and the positional reversal relationship of the local radiation deviation area on both sides of the bypass branch crossing position are cross-arranged to form a constraint comparison band;

[0053] In this step, the comparison between the candidate reference band and the local radiation deviation area is not directly based on geometric position. Instead, the forward sequence structure of the candidate reference band and the folded sequence structure of the local radiation deviation area relative to the bypass branch bridging position are projected into the same bridging reference system, and then mirror docking is performed to form a constraint comparison band used to define the confined current transmission region. Through this processing method, surface radiation deviation and internal folded paths can be incorporated into the same sequence reference system.

[0054] The step of cross-arranging the positional reversal relationship between the candidate reference band and the local radiation deviation area on both sides of the bypass branch bridging position includes:

[0055] Extract the forward positional distance of each radiation area in the candidate reference band relative to the bypass branch bridging position, and write the forward positional distance into the first order chain;

[0056] Set candidate reference band Any radiation zone Relative to the bypass branch connection position The forward ordinal distance is denoted as Then there is ,in, Indicates the flow from the radiation area along the series connection channel. To the bypass junction The sequence length traversed. All radiation regions in the candidate reference band and their forward sequence distances are written into the first sequence chain in sequence. ,in, This represents the number of radiating regions in the candidate reference band. The first sequence chain records the forward sequence distribution of the candidate reference band relative to the bypass branch bridging position, providing a distance basis for subsequent mirror docking.

[0057] Extract the turnaround position distance of the local radiation deviation area relative to the bypass branch bridging position, and then mirror the first sequence chain with the turnaround starting point to form a constraint comparison zone.

[0058] Assume local radiation deviates from the area Relative to the bypass branch connection position The return position distance is denoted as Then there is ,in, This indicates a deviation from the local radiation zone along the return path of the bridging channel. Tracing back to the location of the bypass tributary crossing The length of the position sequence traversed.

[0059] The reversal starting point is defined as the location where it connects to the bypass branch in the flow mapping relationship. Directly adjacent and located in areas containing local radiation deviations The first positional node on the return path is denoted as Based on this, the first-order chain... Each chain element in the first-order chain performs mirror docking. If a certain rank node on the return path satisfy Then and Pairing. A constraint comparison band is formed by arranging all paired units in positional order. Let the constraint comparison band be the first... Each comparison unit consists of candidate photo areas. and turnaround route area The composition corresponds to the radiation mismatch. By mirroring the forward sequence distance and the return sequence distance one by one, the forward propagation relationship and the return path relationship of the local radiation deviation area in the candidate reference zone are unified into the same bypass branch bridging reference system, so that the subsequent definition of the restricted propagation area is simultaneously constrained by surface radiation mismatch and internal return path.

[0060] Based on the clustering location of continuous mismatched regions in the constraint comparison band and the encirclement location of the return boundary, the restricted current transport region corresponding to the local radiation deviation region is defined, and the restricted current transport region is obtained.

[0061] In this step, first follow the constraint comparison band The total radiation mismatch in the positional orientation arrangement And calculate its first-order rank difference. When a certain continuous positional interval Within, the preceding difference continuously satisfies The subsequent difference continuously satisfies And there are peaks within the interval. ,in Then the position interval It was determined to be a cluster of continuously mismatched areas.

[0062] Subsequently, based on the local radiation deviation area in the flux mapping relationship The location of the turnaround point and the turnaround boundaries on both sides are used to determine the enclosed interval of the turnaround boundary, denoted as . Then, cluster the continuously mismatched areas into intervals. Enclosed section with turnback boundary Perform interval overlap processing to obtain the candidate confined current transport region position interval. .

[0063] When multiple consecutive mismatched regions cluster within the same return boundary enclosing interval exist, first merge adjacent or overlapping clusters in positional order; if multiple separate candidate intervals still exist after merging, prioritize selecting the interval containing the local radiation deviation region's landing point. The candidate intervals are used as the restricted propagation area; if none of the candidate intervals contain the landing point location. Then select the landing position The candidate interval with the smallest positional distance is selected as the restricted current transmission region. Finally, the determined positional intervals are mapped back to the current transmission mapping relationship. The corresponding set of radiation regions is used to obtain the confined propagation region corresponding to the local radiation deviation region.

[0064] By using the method of defining the restricted propagation area by combining the "continuous mismatch area clustering location" and the "returning boundary clamping location", the restricted propagation area is simultaneously constrained by the radiation mismatch clustering law and the bypass branch return boundary. The resulting restricted propagation area not only corresponds to the positional clustering range of surface radiation anomalies, but also corresponds to the internal path segment where local propagation is restricted.

[0065] It should be noted that, after the confined current-carrying region is determined, the sequence of local radiation deviation areas along the current-carrying direction within the confined current-carrying region, and the corresponding reference radiation area sequence, are first extracted based on the current-carrying mapping relationship. Let the sequence of local radiation deviation areas arranged along the current-carrying direction within the confined current-carrying region be denoted as... The corresponding reference radiation region sequence is ,in, This indicates the number of sequence nodes participating in the discontinuous analysis within the confined propagation region. The discontinuous radiation pattern refers to the sequence change structure where, after local radiation deviates from the region along the propagation direction, the radiation connection between adjacent regions changes from continuous connection to local separation, and then back to continuous connection. To ensure that the determination of the discontinuous radiation pattern is based on calculable quantification, for any two adjacent radiation regions... and Its radiation coupling coefficient is defined as ,in, Indicates the first Weighting coefficients for each band, and Representing radiation zones and In the The radiation intensity of a region under each band. The radiation coherence coefficient reflects the degree of coherence between adjacent radiation regions at the multi-spectral radiation level, and its value is jointly determined by the radiation intensity of the multi-spectral bands. When the radiation coherence coefficient shows a continuous decrease, a local trough, and a re-increase along the propagation sequence, it can characterize the location of interruption and recovery of radiation in the local propagation path.

[0066] Specifically, determining the branch shunting state and effective radiation range corresponding to the local radiation deviation area includes:

[0067] Around the confined current propagation region, extract the discontinuous radiation positions of the local radiation deviation area along the substring propagation direction, and write each discontinuous radiation position into the discontinuous position set according to the propagation sequence.

[0068] After the confined current propagation region is determined, the ordered radiating region sequence unfolding along the substring propagation direction within the confined current propagation region is extracted based on the current mapping relationship. Let this ordered region sequence be... ,in, This indicates the number of zones within the confined current propagation zone, with each zone ordered according to the current propagation direction of the series connection channel. Subsequently, the radiation connection coefficient is calculated pairwise for each adjacent zone in the ordered zone sequence, resulting in a radiation connection coefficient sequence. ,in, Furthermore, the first-order sequence difference of the radiative linkage coefficient sequence is defined as follows: When a certain position satisfy and When, it will correspond to and The adjacent boundaries between areas are denoted as the radial connection change points.

[0069] The step of writing each discontinuous radiation location into the discontinuous location set according to the current propagation sequence includes:

[0070] Along the direction of the local radiation deviation area, extract the radiation connection change points between adjacent radiation areas one by one, and write each radiation connection change point into the candidate discontinuity table.

[0071] In this process, the ordered area sequence The positions of all positions that satisfy the radiation transition conditions are recorded sequentially in the candidate discontinuity table. Let the candidate discontinuity table be represented as... ,in, This indicates the number of candidate radiation transition points. Indicates the first The positional sequence of each radiation connection change point is recorded. To facilitate subsequent verification, the candidate discontinuity table can also synchronously record the corresponding area identifier, the substring identifier, and the positional index in the restricted propagation area.

[0072] For example, if the positional segments in the confined current transport region are sequentially as follows: And satisfy Then located and The adjacent boundaries between the areas were recorded as a candidate radial connection change point.

[0073] The radiation connection change points in the candidate discontinuity table are sequentially verified with the corresponding position in the restricted current transmission region to form a discontinuity position set.

[0074] The sequential verification refers to comparing each radiation connection change point in the candidate discontinuity table with the corresponding position interval of the restricted propagation region one by one, according to their positional order. Candidate change points falling outside the outer boundary of the restricted propagation region, outside the return boundary, or not within the associated path of the local radiation deviation area are eliminated. Let the position interval corresponding to the restricted propagation region be... Then only retain those that satisfy the condition. Candidate change points. After verification, a set of discontinuous positions is formed. ,in, This indicates the number of discontinuous positions, with each element arranged in the order of transmission.

[0075] Call the radiation connection positions along the same flow path of the reference radiation area, and align and splice the radiation connection positions with the discontinuous position set according to the serial connection channel and the cross connection channel respectively to determine the branch flow state;

[0076] In this step, the reference radiation patch sequence is first... Extract the radial connection points along the same flow path. Let the set of reference radial connection points on the series channel be . The set of reference radiation connection positions on the bridging channel is ,in, and These represent the number of reference radiation connection points on the cascaded and bridging channels, respectively. To ensure that the radiation connection points have a criterion for repeated extraction, the radiation connection coefficients are also calculated for adjacent regions in the reference radiation region sequence, resulting in a reference radiation connection coefficient sequence. ,in, When a certain position satisfy and When this happens, the position is recorded as the reference radiation connection position. If the area adjacency relationship corresponding to this position is located on the serial channel, it is written into the set. If it is located on a bridging channel, then write it to the set. .

[0077] Subsequently, the discontinuous position set Set of reference radiation connection points on the cascaded channel Perform cascaded channel alignment and splicing, and set discontinuous positions. Set of reference radiation connection points on the bridging channel Perform cross-channel alignment and splicing. Let the positional distance function be... Then the serial channel alignment splicing count Cross-channel alignment and splicing count ,in, This indicates an indicator function that takes the value when the condition within the parentheses is true. Otherwise, the value is The serial channel alignment and splicing count. The degree of correspondence between the discontinuous radiation position and the reference position for maintaining continuous radiation transmission in the cascaded channel is indicated by the bridging channel alignment and splicing count. This indicates the degree of correspondence between the discontinuous radiation location and the reference location that maintains continuous radiation transmission via the bridging channel. Since the local propagation path will preferentially maintain radiation continuity along the dominant bridging channel after a branch shunting occurs, a higher number of consistent positional correspondences will form between the discontinuous location and the reference radiation connection location on this dominant bridging channel. Based on this correspondence, the branch shunting state is determined as follows: When When, it is recorded as the series-dominant branch state; when When, it is recorded as the bridging dominant branching state; when and When, it is recorded as a serial-to-parallel splitting state; when and At that time, read the first discontinuous position in the discontinuous position set D. The corresponding front and rear channel types, if If both preceding and following sequence nodes are connected along the serial channel, it is recorded as a serial-dominant branching state. If the preceding and following sequence nodes are transferred to the bridging channel via a turnaround position, it is recorded as the bridging-dominated splitting state.

[0078] Based on the branch flow distribution status, a continuous radiation segment with the same flow direction is intercepted within the restricted flow zone to form an effective radiation range.

[0079] The effective radiation range refers to a continuous sequence segment within the confined current propagation area that corresponds to the dominant current propagation direction of the current branch diversion state and simultaneously covers the effective corresponding range of the local radiation deviation area and the reference radiation area. Let the sequence set of the corresponding dominant current propagation direction after the branch diversion state is determined be... When the branch circuit is in the series-dominant branch circuit state, Take the set of valid bit sequences on the serial channel; when the branch branch is in the bridging dominant branch state. Take the set of valid bit sequences on the bridging channel; when the branch splitting state is serial-to-parallel splitting state. Take the overlapping position set of the series channel and the bridging channel. Within the confined current-carrying region, use the discontinuous position set. Using the first and last valid discontinuous positions as the inner boundary and the left and right boundaries of the confined current-carrying zone as the outer boundary, a continuous positional segment satisfying the consistency of the current-carrying direction is extracted. Let the left and right endpoints of this segment be respectively... and The effective radiation range is then expressed as: ,in, and positional interval All corresponding positional nodes fall into the positional set of the dominant propagation direction. .

[0080] When the branch splitting state is a serial-to-parallel splitting state, and the overlapping position set When multiple separate continuous segments are formed, the continuous segment containing local radiation deviations from the landing point of the area is preferentially selected as the effective radiation interval. If two or more continuous segments simultaneously contain local radiation deviations from the landing point of the area, the continuous segment with the longest positional length is selected as the effective radiation interval. If none of the continuous segments contain local radiation deviations from the landing point of the area, the continuous segment with the smallest positional distance from the landing point is selected as the effective radiation interval. This processing method ensures that the effective radiation interval remains unique under parallel splitting conditions.

[0081] It should be noted that before performing the radiation temperature conversion, the original radiation amount of the radiation area is first converted into spectral radiance. The conversion parameters are derived from the blackbody calibration results of the multi-band infrared imaging device.

[0082] Specifically, response values ​​for each band are collected at multiple known blackbody temperature points to construct the first... The fitting relationship between the response value and spectral radiance of the i-th band is obtained by using the least squares fitting method. Radiation response calibration coefficients for each band and Therefore, the first The radiation zone in the first Spectral radiance in each band ,in, and All are from the first Blackbody calibration fitting results for each band.

[0083] Specifically, the calculation of the temperature of the photovoltaic module includes:

[0084] The local radiation deviation area within the effective radiation range is coupled to the reference radiation area according to the corresponding position order in the flow mapping relationship to form the temperature calculation range.

[0085] Within the effective radiation range Once determined, the effective radiation interval sequences are extracted from both the local radiation deviation pattern and the reference radiation pattern, respectively. Let the effective sequence of the local radiation deviation pattern be... The effective sequence of the reference radiation area is ,in, This indicates the number of sequence nodes participating in coupling within the effective radiation range. The misaligned coupling is not based on geometric proximity, but rather on the dominant propagation direction, reversal location, and effective radiation range boundary defined by the branch branch flow state, pairing two sequences according to their relative positional displacement.

[0086] The step of misaligning the local radiation deviation area within the effective radiation range with the reference radiation area according to the corresponding position order in the current mapping relationship includes:

[0087] Extract the positional boundaries corresponding to both ends of the effective radiation range, and use the positional boundaries as a reference to register the coupling start points of the local radiation deviation area and the reference radiation area respectively.

[0088] Define the effective radiation range The left and right position boundaries are respectively and In localized radiation deviations from the regional path, and... The corresponding area is denoted as In the reference radiation area path, with The corresponding area is denoted as These two are respectively registered as the coupling starting points of the local radiation deviation area and the reference radiation area. Let the position sequence of the coupling starting point of the local radiation deviation area be... The reference radiation region coupling starting point sequence is as follows The relative displacement between the two is defined as follows: The relative displacement is used to characterize the positional offset relationship between the local radiation deviation area path and the reference radiation area path.

[0089] The local radiation deviation area and the reference radiation area are interleaved according to the relative displacement of the coupling starting point, and the continuous corresponding range after interleaving is used to form the temperature calculation interval.

[0090] Based on relative displacement This will cause local radiation to deviate from the effective sequence of the region. Effective sequence of reference radiation area Perform staggered docking. Specifically, for the local radiation deviation from the effective sequence of the region... Each area Take the first effective sequence from the reference radiation area Each area As corresponding paired regions, thus forming paired units. All continuously effective paired units constitute the temperature calculation range. ,in, This indicates the number of consecutive effective pairs after staggered docking. If a certain position does not have a corresponding reference radiation region after staggered docking, then that position is removed from the temperature calculation interval to ensure that each pairing unit in the temperature calculation interval consists of a pair of effective coupling regions.

[0091] Based on the multi-spectral radiation within the temperature calculation interval, perform radiation temperature conversion, and then revert the converted area temperature to the corresponding radiation area location along the flow mapping relationship.

[0092] In this step, the temperature calculation range is first determined. The multi-band spectral radiance of each paired unit is processed. Let the paired unit be... Local radiation deviation in the middle of the region The spectral radiance in each band is The reference radiation area is in the first The spectral radiance in each band is To mitigate the impact of background radiation and local surface encapsulation differences on temperature inversion, a range-corrected spectral radiance is first constructed. ,in, , indicating that the reference radiation patch is in the temperature calculation interval at the _th The average spectral radiance under each band is corrected by removing local background increments on the reference path to align the radiance of the local radiative deviation area with the radiance under a uniform current reference.

[0093] Subsequently, temperature conversion was performed according to Planck's law of radiation. Let the... The center wavelength corresponding to each band is Spectral emissivity Then there is ,in, and The radiation constant, Indicates paired units Local radiation deviation in the middle of the region The equivalent temperature is obtained by conversion under each band. From this, the inverse solution can be obtained... The spectral emissivity The data is derived from the emissivity calibration data of the component surface material in the corresponding wavelength band. The calibration data is given by the experimental measurement results of the component surface glass layer, encapsulation layer and backsheet material. Specifically, the sample temperature is measured synchronously by contact thermocouple before image acquisition, and the emissivity is obtained by combining the synchronously acquired multi-spectral images.

[0094] When a certain band exists If the spectral radiance of the band after interval correction does not meet the temperature inversion conditions, then this indicates that the band does not meet the temperature inversion conditions. In this case, the band will not be used for temperature inversion, and it will be removed from the temperature fusion of the current paired units. Let the set of band indices that remain valid after filtering be... Then, a weighted fusion of the equivalent temperatures of the same paired unit across all effective bands is performed to obtain the temperature of the region. ,in, For the renormalized temperature fusion weights, and satisfying The renormalized temperature fusion weights are obtained by normalizing the original band fusion weights within the effective band set.

[0095] Obtaining the temperature of the area Then, the temperature of this region is reverted to the corresponding radiation region location along the flow mapping relationship. Assume that the local radiation deviates from the region. The corresponding area identifier is The result of the backsubstitution is expressed as .

[0096] The temperature values ​​of the repositioned areas are merged along the series and bridging channels to obtain the temperature of the photovoltaic module.

[0097] After the area temperature data is reset, the area temperature data within each substring is first merged according to their position along the serial connection channel. Let the first substring be... The set of serial channel regions corresponding to each substring is Then the first The merging temperature of the serial channels of each substring is expressed as: ,in, Indicates repositioning to the radiation area The area temperature, Indicates the first The number of regions participating in the merging within each substring. Then, the region temperature data of each bypass branch associated section are merged along the bridging channel. Let the number of regions be... The set of cross-pass areas corresponding to each bypass branch is as follows: Then the first The merging temperature of each bridging channel is expressed as: ,in, Indicates the first The number of areas participating in the merging within each cross-connection channel.

[0098] Subsequently, the results of merging the series channels and the cross-connect channels are deduplicated and integrated according to the unique regional nodes in the current mapping relationship to form the regional temperature field of the photovoltaic module. The temperature field of each radiating region is used to preserve the spatial relationship of each radiating region within the module and its channel assignment in the current transmission path. When it is necessary to output the representative temperature of the entire module, the representative temperature of the photovoltaic module is calculated based on the temperature values ​​of all radiating regions. ,in, This represents the total number of radiation areas of the photovoltaic modules.

[0099] By simultaneously outputting the temperature field of the area and the representative temperature of the photovoltaic module, the temperature calculation results can retain both the local distribution information at the area level and the overall temperature characterization information at the module level, which is beneficial for providing important data support for hot spot early warning analysis.

[0100] Example 2

[0101] Please see Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment discloses an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements any of the above-described methods for measuring the temperature of a photovoltaic module.

[0102] Since the electronic device described in this embodiment is the electronic device used to implement the temperature measurement method of the photovoltaic module in the embodiments of this application, those skilled in the art can understand the specific implementation method and various variations of the electronic device in this embodiment based on the temperature measurement method of the photovoltaic module described in the embodiments of this application. Therefore, how the electronic device implements the method in the embodiments of this application will not be described in detail here. Any electronic device used by those skilled in the art to implement the temperature measurement method of the photovoltaic module in the embodiments of this application falls within the scope of protection of this application.

[0103] Example 3

[0104] Please see Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment discloses a computer-readable storage medium, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and running on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements any of the above-described methods for measuring the temperature of a photovoltaic module.

[0105] The above formulas are all dimensionless and calculated by taking their numerical values. The formulas are the closest to the real situation obtained by software simulation based on a large amount of data. The preset parameters, weights and thresholds in the formulas are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

[0106] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present invention are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via a wired or wireless network. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more sets of available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium. A semiconductor medium can be a solid-state drive.

[0107] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in this invention can be implemented in electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0108] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0109] In the several embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only one method, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0110] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0111] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0112] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0113] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of temperature measurement of a photovoltaic module, characterized in that, include: Multispectral radiation images of photovoltaic modules under operating conditions are collected, and the current mapping relationship of each radiation area is constructed by combining cell boundary information and electrical connection sequence information. Based on the current mapping relationship, local radiation deviation areas are extracted, and reference radiation areas that are in the corresponding order to the local radiation deviation areas are retrieved from the current mapping relationship to identify the restricted current transmission areas corresponding to the local radiation deviation areas. Around the restricted propagation area, the reference radiation area is invoked, and the discontinuous radiation pattern along the substring propagation direction of the local radiation deviation area is combined to determine the branch diversion state and effective radiation range corresponding to the local radiation deviation area. The temperature of the photovoltaic module is calculated by constraining the positional coupling relationship between the local radiation deviation area and the reference radiation area by using the branch diversion state and the effective radiation range.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction of the current mapping relationship corresponding to each radiating region includes: Extract the boundary extension direction and positional connection direction of each radiation area, and write the boundary extension direction and positional connection direction into the area connection unit; The area connection units and electrical connection position information are interleaved and arranged, and then the area connection units located on both sides of the bypass branch bridging position are inserted into the foldback position in the interleaved arrangement to form a current mapping relationship.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The identification of the confined current transport region corresponding to the local radiation deviation area includes: Starting from the location of the local radiation deviation area in the flow mapping relationship, the same-direction sequence area is extracted along the cascade channel, and the opposite-direction sequence area is extracted along the bridging channel to form a candidate reference band. The candidate reference band and the positional reversal relationship of the local radiation deviation area on both sides of the bypass branch crossing position are cross-arranged to form a constraint comparison band; Based on the clustering location of continuous mismatched regions in the constraint comparison band and the encirclement location of the return boundary, the restricted current transport region corresponding to the local radiation deviation region is defined, and the restricted current transport region is obtained.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of cross-aligning the positional reversal relationship between the candidate reference band and the local radiation deviation area on both sides of the bypass branch bridging position includes: Extract the forward positional distance of each radiation area in the candidate reference band relative to the bypass branch bridging position, and write the forward positional distance into the first order chain; Extract the turnaround position distance of the local radiation deviation area relative to the bypass branch bridging position, and then mirror the first sequence chain with the turnaround starting point to form a constraint comparison zone.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the branch diversion status and effective radiation range corresponding to the local radiation deviation area includes: Around the confined current propagation region, extract the discontinuous radiation positions of the local radiation deviation area along the substring propagation direction, and write each discontinuous radiation position into the discontinuous position set according to the propagation sequence. Call the radiation connection positions along the same flow path of the reference radiation area, and align and splice the radiation connection positions with the discontinuous position set according to the serial connection channel and the cross connection channel respectively to determine the branch flow state; Based on the branch flow distribution status, a continuous radiation segment with the same flow direction is intercepted within the restricted flow zone to form an effective radiation range.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of writing each discontinuous radiation location into the discontinuous location set according to the propagation sequence includes: Along the direction of the local radiation deviation area, extract the radiation connection change points between adjacent radiation areas one by one, and write each radiation connection change point into the candidate discontinuity table. The radiation connection change points in the candidate discontinuity table are sequentially verified with their corresponding positions in the restricted propagation region to form a discontinuity position set.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the temperature of the photovoltaic module includes: The local radiation deviation area within the effective radiation range is coupled to the reference radiation area according to the corresponding position order in the flow mapping relationship to form the temperature calculation range. Based on the multi-spectral radiation within the temperature calculation interval, perform radiation temperature conversion, and then revert the converted area temperature to the corresponding radiation area location along the flow mapping relationship. The temperature values ​​of the repositioned areas are merged along the series and bridging channels to obtain the temperature of the photovoltaic module.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step of misaligning the local radiation deviation area within the effective radiation range with the reference radiation area according to the corresponding position order in the current mapping relationship includes: Extract the positional boundaries corresponding to both ends of the effective radiation range, and use the positional boundaries as a reference to register the coupling start points of the local radiation deviation area and the reference radiation area respectively. The local radiation deviation area and the reference radiation area are interleaved according to the relative displacement of the coupling starting point, and the continuous corresponding range after interleaving is used to form the temperature calculation interval.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed, implements the method described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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