Method and system for dynamic switching of link based on cooperation of scatter communication and satellite communication

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of communication, and provides a link dynamic switching method and system based on scattering communication and satellite communication cooperation, which comprises the following steps: acquiring communication terminal moving track information, determining a set of passing points and the passing probability of each passing point; acquiring the communication environment characteristic information of each passing point, respectively determining the environment suitability score of scattering communication and satellite communication; calculating the switching necessity score of the current link according to the suitability difference of the two kinds of communication; acquiring the estimated time of arriving at the passing point, combining the switching necessity score, the passing probability and the arrival time to determine the comprehensive score of the link switching warm-up demand; according to the comprehensive score, screening the passing point corresponding to the maximum score to dynamically switch the communication link; through the fusion of track prediction, environment suitability evaluation and time urgency analysis, the intelligent warm-up switching of the scattering and satellite communication link is realized, and the timeliness and communication stability of the link switching are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of communication technology, and in particular relates to a method and system for dynamic link switching based on the coordination of scatter communication and satellite communication. Background Technology

[0002] In complex electromagnetic environments or remote areas, a single communication link can hardly guarantee a continuous and stable connection. The coordinated switching between scatter communication and satellite communication has become an important means to improve communication reliability.

[0003] In existing technologies, the handover between scatter communication and satellite communication typically employs a fixed threshold strategy, triggering handover when the current link quality falls below a preset threshold; or it relies on real-time measurement reports from the terminal for a posteriori decision-making. Some systems incorporate geographic information systems (GIS) to assist in the judgment, but handover decisions are mostly based on the current link status, lacking a forward-looking assessment of the terminal's future movement path and the communication environment of its transit points. Furthermore, handover execution is often a one-time action, failing to consider the time cost and warm-up mechanisms required for handover.

[0004] However, existing technologies do not fully utilize the mobile trajectory information of communication terminals to predict future waypoints and their suitability for the communication environment, resulting in handover decisions lagging behind environmental changes. Furthermore, they fail to integrate the path probability, handover necessity, and arrival time urgency into a unified model, making it impossible to quantify "warm-up requirements" in advance. This can easily lead to communication interruptions due to insufficient handover preparation when the link deteriorates rapidly. This invention obtains waypoints and path probabilities through trajectory prediction, integrates the suitability differences between scattering and satellite communication, path probabilities, and arrival time urgency to generate a comprehensive score for link handover warm-up requirements. Based on the maximum value, target waypoints are selected for pre-handover, achieving proactive and refined decision-making for link handover. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method and system for dynamic link switching based on the coordination of scattering communication and satellite communication, thus solving the aforementioned problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a dynamic link switching method based on the coordination of scattering communication and satellite communication, which specifically includes:

[0007] Obtain the movement trajectory information of the communication terminal, and determine the set of waypoints of the communication terminal and the path probability of each waypoint in the set of waypoints of the communication terminal based on the movement trajectory information of the communication terminal.

[0008] Obtain the communication environment characteristic information of each path point in the set of communication terminal path points, and determine the scattering communication environment suitability score and satellite communication environment suitability score of the path point according to the communication environment characteristic information;

[0009] Based on the suitability scores of scatter communication and satellite communication at the transit points, determine the necessity score for switching the current communication link of the communication terminal;

[0010] Obtain the estimated time required for the communication terminal to reach the waypoint, and determine the comprehensive score of the link switching warm-up requirement based on the switching necessity score of the current communication link of the communication terminal, the probability of passing the waypoint, and the estimated time required for the communication terminal to reach the waypoint.

[0011] The communication links of the communication terminals are dynamically switched based on the comprehensive score of the link switching warm-up requirements.

[0012] Based on the above technical solutions, the present invention also provides the following optional technical solutions:

[0013] Further technical solution: The determination of the scattering communication environment suitability score for the path point specifically includes:

[0014] A preset threshold for the communication environment characteristics of scattering communication is used to preprocess the communication environment characteristic information to obtain a normalized value of the communication environment characteristic information; wherein, the preprocessing method is a normalization process based on the threshold for the communication environment characteristics of scattering communication.

[0015] Based on the characteristics of the communication environment, the adaptability of scattering communication to the communication environment of the transit points is analyzed, thereby determining the suitability score of the scattering communication environment at the transit points;

[0016] Specifically:

[0017] Through the formula: ;

[0018] Determine the suitability score for the scattering communication environment at the path point. ;

[0019] In the formula, This refers to the scattering communication environment suitability score of point i. This refers to the normalized value of the j-th communication environment feature information of the path point i for scattering communication. This refers to the weighting coefficient of the j-th communication environment feature of the path point i for scattering communication, and m refers to the total number of communication environment features.

[0020] Further technical solution: The determination of the suitability score for satellite communication at the route points specifically includes:

[0021] A preset threshold for the communication environment characteristics of satellite communication is used to preprocess the communication environment characteristic information to obtain a normalized value of the communication environment characteristic information; wherein, the preprocessing method is a normalization process based on the threshold for the communication environment characteristics of satellite communication.

[0022] Based on the characteristics of the communication environment, the adaptability of satellite communication to the communication environment of the transit points is analyzed, thereby determining the satellite communication environment suitability score of the transit points;

[0023] Specifically:

[0024] Through the formula: ;

[0025] Determine the satellite communication environment suitability score for the transit points. ;

[0026] In the formula, This refers to the satellite communication environment suitability score of transit point i. This refers to the normalized value of the j-th communication environment characteristic information of the transit point i for satellite communication. This refers to the weighting coefficient of the j-th communication environment feature of the transit point i for satellite communication, and m refers to the total number of communication environment features.

[0027] Further technical solution: The determination of the necessity score for switching the current communication link of the communication terminal specifically includes:

[0028] Based on the scattering communication environment suitability score and the satellite communication environment suitability score of the route points, the difference between the scattering communication environment suitability score and the satellite communication environment suitability score is analyzed, thereby obtaining the switching necessity score of the current communication link of the communication terminal;

[0029] Specifically:

[0030] Through the formula: ;

[0031] Obtain the switching necessity score of the current communication link of the communication terminal. ;

[0032] In the formula, This refers to the score indicating the necessity of switching the current communication link when the communication terminal reaches path point i. This refers to the environmental suitability score of the currently used communication type at point i. This refers to the environmental suitability score of the backup communication type at transit point i. This refers to the deviation threshold of the environmental suitability score.

[0033] Further technical solution: The determination of the comprehensive score for link switching preheating requirements specifically includes:

[0034] Based on the estimated time required for the communication terminal to reach the transit points, the urgency of the communication link switching of the communication terminal in the time dimension is analyzed, and the link switching urgency score is determined.

[0035] Based on the switching necessity score of the current communication link of the communication terminal and the path probability of the transit points, the preliminary score of the link switching warm-up requirement of the communication terminal is determined.

[0036] Based on the link switching urgency score and the preliminary score of the link switching warm-up requirement of the communication terminal, the comprehensive score of the link switching warm-up requirement is determined.

[0037] Further technical solutions: The method for determining the urgency score of link switching specifically includes:

[0038] Through the formula: ;

[0039] Obtain the link switching urgency score ;

[0040] In the formula, This refers to the link handover urgency score when the communication terminal's path point is path point i. This refers to the estimated time required for a communication terminal to reach path point i. This refers to the minimum time required to complete a communication link switch. This refers to the safety margin for the duration of time.

[0041] Further technical solutions: The method for determining the preliminary score of the link switching warm-up requirement of the communication terminal specifically includes:

[0042] Through the formula: ;

[0043] Preliminary score for link switching warm-up requirements of communication terminals ;

[0044] In the formula, This refers to the initial score of the link handover warm-up requirement for the communication terminal when the path point is path point i. This refers to the score indicating the necessity of switching the current communication link when the communication terminal reaches point i along the route. This refers to the path probability of a communication terminal for a point i. This refers to the minimum probability of a communication terminal finding its way through all possible points. This refers to the maximum probability of a communication terminal finding a path among all possible points; if Then the fraction The value is 1.

[0045] Further technical solutions: The method for determining the comprehensive score of link switching preheating requirements also includes:

[0046] Through the formula: ;

[0047] Determine the comprehensive score for link switching preheating requirements. ;

[0048] In the formula, This refers to the initial score of the link handover warm-up requirement for the communication terminal when the path point is path point i. This refers to the comprehensive score of the link switching warm-up requirement of the communication terminal when the communication terminal's path point is path point i. This refers to the link handover urgency score when the communication terminal's path point is path point i. This refers to the impact coefficient of the urgency of link switching.

[0049] Further technical solution: The dynamic switching of the communication link of the communication terminal based on the comprehensive score of the link switching preheating requirement specifically includes:

[0050] The maximum value of the comprehensive score of the link handover warm-up demand for all communication terminal path points in the set of communication terminal path points is selected to obtain the maximum comprehensive score of the link handover warm-up demand and the corresponding path point.

[0051] Based on the comprehensive score of the maximum link switching warm-up requirement and the corresponding path points, the communication links of the communication terminals are dynamically switched.

[0052] A link dynamic handover system based on the coordination of scatter communication and satellite communication is characterized in that the system is used to execute the aforementioned link dynamic handover method based on the coordination of scatter communication and satellite communication, specifically including:

[0053] The trajectory prediction module is used to acquire the movement trajectory information of the communication terminal, and based on the movement trajectory information of the communication terminal, determine the set of waypoints of the communication terminal and the path probability of each waypoint in the set of waypoints of the communication terminal.

[0054] The communication environment analysis module is used to obtain the communication environment characteristic information of each path point in the set of communication terminal path points, and determine the scattering communication environment suitability score and satellite communication environment suitability score of the path point according to the communication environment characteristic information.

[0055] The switching necessity analysis module is used to determine the switching necessity score of the current communication link of the communication terminal based on the suitability scores of scatter communication and satellite communication at the transit points;

[0056] The comprehensive analysis module is used to obtain the estimated time required for the communication terminal to reach the waypoint. Based on the switching necessity score of the current communication link of the communication terminal, the probability of passing the waypoint, and the estimated time required for the communication terminal to reach the waypoint, the comprehensive score of the link switching warm-up requirement is determined.

[0057] The switching module is used to dynamically switch the communication links of the communication terminal based on the comprehensive score of the link switching warm-up requirements.

[0058] This invention provides a method and system for dynamic link switching based on the coordination of scattering communication and satellite communication, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0059] This invention predicts the movement trajectory of communication terminals and the probability of passing through waypoints. Combining the differences in environmental suitability between scattering and satellite communication, the necessity of handover, and the urgency of arrival time, it quantifies the comprehensive score of link handover pre-warming requirements and selects the optimal waypoint to perform handover preparation in advance. This method transforms passive handover into proactive pre-warming decision-making, effectively avoiding communication interruptions caused by sudden link changes and improving the success rate and reliability of handover between scattering and satellite communication. Attached Figure Description

[0060] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the link dynamic switching method based on the coordination of scattering communication and satellite communication provided by the present invention.

[0061] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the process S20 provided by the present invention.

[0062] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the S40 process provided by the present invention.

[0063] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the S50 process provided by the present invention.

[0064] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the link dynamic switching system based on the coordination of scattering communication and satellite communication provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0065] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0066] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0067] Please see Figure 1 This invention provides a method for dynamic link switching based on the coordination of scattering communication and satellite communication, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0068] S10: Obtain the movement trajectory information of the communication terminal, and determine the set of waypoints of the communication terminal and the path probability of each waypoint in the set of waypoints of the communication terminal based on the movement trajectory information of the communication terminal.

[0069] S20: Obtain the communication environment characteristic information of each path point in the set of communication terminal path points, and determine the scattering communication environment suitability score and satellite communication environment suitability score of the path point according to the communication environment characteristic information;

[0070] S30: Determine the necessity score for switching the current communication link of the communication terminal based on the suitability scores of scatter communication and satellite communication at the transit points;

[0071] S40: Obtain the estimated time required for the communication terminal to reach the waypoint, and determine the comprehensive score of the link switching warm-up requirement based on the switching necessity score of the current communication link of the communication terminal, the passing probability of the waypoint, and the estimated time required for the communication terminal to reach the waypoint.

[0072] S50: Dynamically switch the communication links of the communication terminal based on the comprehensive score of the link switching warm-up requirements;

[0073] Scattering communication refers to a communication method that utilizes the scattering phenomenon that occurs when electromagnetic waves encounter obstacles (such as buildings, mountains, atmospheric inhomogeneities, etc.) in their propagation path. This communication method is usually suitable for non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios and can overcome problems such as terrain occlusion, but its communication quality is affected by environmental complexity and the characteristics of the scattering body.

[0074] Satellite communication refers to the method of communication between ground terminals or between ground terminals and ground stations by using geostationary satellites or low-orbit satellites as relays. This communication method has the characteristics of wide coverage and long transmission distance, and is especially suitable for remote areas or ocean areas. However, it is easily affected by weather conditions, obstructions (such as tall buildings and dense forests), and satellite elevation angle.

[0075] Mobile trajectory information refers to the path data of a communication terminal moving in space. It can include the terminal's real-time location (latitude and longitude), velocity vector, heading angle, and preset mission path. This information is the basis for predicting the terminal's future location and changes in the communication environment. In addition, the communication terminal can be a mobile communication terminal such as a mobile phone or a drone.

[0076] The waypoint set refers to a series of discrete locations that the terminal may pass through in the future, predicted based on the mobile trajectory information of the communication terminal. Each waypoint represents the geographical location that the terminal may reach at some point in the future.

[0077] Path probability refers to the likelihood that a communication terminal will reach each path point in the set of path points. This probability value reflects the confidence level of the prediction result and is used to assess the importance of different future paths.

[0078] Communication environment characteristics refer to various environmental parameters that affect the quality of scatter communication and satellite communication links, such as topography, building density, vegetation cover, weather conditions, and electromagnetic interference levels. This information is used to assess the applicability of different communication methods at specific points along the route.

[0079] Specifically, firstly, this invention acquires the movement trajectory information of the communication terminal and, based on this trajectory information, determines the set of waypoints for the communication terminal and the path probability of each waypoint in the set. The movement trajectory information of the communication terminal can be acquired from various sources, such as real-time collection of the terminal's latitude, longitude, velocity vector, and heading angle data via the terminal's built-in Global Positioning System (GPS) module; or, it can be read from a pre-planned mission path database, such as the preset routes of drones or autonomous vehicles. After acquiring the movement trajectory information, it can be input into a trajectory prediction function (which can be a Kalman filter, particle filter, or a prediction algorithm based on road network constraints, etc.). This trajectory prediction function extrapolates the terminal's future movement path, thereby generating a series of possible future location points, i.e., the set of waypoints. For each waypoint, a path probability can be assigned based on the confidence level of the trajectory prediction function or historical data analysis, for example, by statistically analyzing the frequency with which the terminal passes through the area on similar paths. The methods for generating the set of waypoints and the path probabilities are existing technologies and will not be elaborated here.

[0080] Secondly, this invention acquires communication environment characteristic information for each transit point in the set of transit points for the communication terminal, and determines the suitability scores for scattering communication environment and satellite communication environment for each transit point based on this information. The communication environment characteristic information can be queried from a Geographic Information System (GIS) database, for example, acquiring data such as terrain elevation, building distribution, and vegetation cover density of the transit points; it can also be monitored in real time through a sensor network deployed in the environment, for example, acquiring local electromagnetic interference intensity and atmospheric refractive index. After acquiring this environmental characteristic information, these characteristics can be evaluated based on the respective features of scattering communication and satellite communication. For example, for scattering communication, suitability can be simply judged based on the presence of numerous scattering objects (such as tall buildings or mountains) around the transit point; for satellite communication, suitability can be judged based on the sky obstruction situation of the transit point (such as whether tall obstacles block satellite signals). These judgments can be quantified into preliminary suitability scores.

[0081] Furthermore, this invention determines the necessity score for switching the current communication link of the communication terminal based on the suitability scores of scatter communication and satellite communication at the transit points. After obtaining the suitability scores of the two communication methods at the transit points, these two scores can be compared and analyzed. For example, if the suitability score of the currently used communication link (e.g., satellite communication) is low at a certain transit point, while the suitability score of the backup communication link (e.g., scatter communication) is high at that transit point, then the necessity for link switching at that transit point is considered high. This necessity score can be simply determined by comparing the difference between the two suitability scores; the larger the difference, the higher the necessity.

[0082] Furthermore, this invention obtains the estimated time required for the communication terminal to reach the waypoint, and determines a comprehensive score for the link handover warm-up requirement based on the handover necessity score of the current communication link, the path probability of the waypoint, and the estimated time required for the communication terminal to reach the waypoint. The estimated time required for the communication terminal to reach the waypoint can be easily calculated using the terminal's current speed and the distance to the waypoint. After obtaining this time, the handover necessity score, the path probability, and the estimated time can be combined. For example, the handover necessity score can be simply multiplied by the path probability to obtain a preliminary warm-up requirement score, without considering the urgency of the time factor.

[0083] Finally, this invention dynamically switches the communication links of the communication terminal based on the comprehensive score of the link switching warm-up requirements. Specifically, one implementation method is as follows: after calculating the comprehensive score of the link switching warm-up requirements for each path point, a fixed threshold can be set. When the comprehensive score of a path point exceeds the threshold, a communication link switching operation is triggered; this switching operation can be performed immediately when the terminal arrives at the path point, or the link switching can be performed directly when the terminal is about to arrive at the path point, without the need for additional warm-up preparation.

[0084] In one specific embodiment, the communication terminal is an autonomous vehicle traveling on mountainous roads, requiring continuous and stable data transmission. During its journey, the vehicle may encounter terrain such as tunnels and canyons, which can obstruct satellite communication but may provide favorable conditions for scatter communication. Existing technologies typically only attempt to switch to other links when satellite signals are interrupted or their quality deteriorates sharply, often resulting in communication outages.

[0085] In this embodiment, the movement trajectory information of the autonomous vehicle is first acquired. The vehicle's navigation system provides real-time GPS data (latitude, longitude, speed, heading angle) and a preset driving route. This information is input into a trajectory prediction module, which predicts a series of waypoints that the vehicle may pass through in the future based on the vehicle's driving data and the preset route; such as a checkpoint before entering a long tunnel, an open area after exiting the tunnel, etc. At the same time, the module calculates a path probability for each waypoint. For example, the probability of entering the tunnel is 100%, while the probabilities of choosing different forks in the road after exiting the tunnel may be 70% and 30%, respectively.

[0086] Next, for these transit points, the system acquires their communication environment characteristics. For transit points before entering the tunnel, environmental characteristics include the tunnel entrance's shielding angle and tunnel length; for transit points inside the tunnel, environmental characteristics include the tunnel wall material and the distribution of reflective surfaces inside the tunnel; for transit points after exiting the tunnel, environmental characteristics include the sky's openness and the shielding effect of surrounding mountains. Based on these environmental characteristics, the system determines the suitability score for scattering communication and satellite communication for each transit point: inside the tunnel, the suitability score for satellite communication may be extremely low, while the suitability score for scattering communication (utilizing tunnel wall reflections) may be relatively high; in open areas, the suitability score for satellite communication may be very high, while the suitability score for scattering communication may be relatively low.

[0087] Subsequently, the system determines the necessity score for switching the current communication link of the communication terminal based on the suitability scores of scatter communication and satellite communication at the transit points: the vehicle is currently using satellite communication and is about to enter the tunnel. At the transit point at the tunnel entrance, the suitability score of satellite communication drops sharply, while the suitability score of scatter communication gradually increases. At this time, the necessity score for switching to scatter communication gradually increases.

[0088] Simultaneously, the system obtains the estimated time required for the vehicle to reach each waypoint: based on the vehicle's current speed and distance to the tunnel entrance, it is estimated that the vehicle will arrive at the tunnel entrance in 5 minutes. Then, the system determines the comprehensive score for link handover warm-up demand based on this handover necessity score, the path probability of the waypoint, and the estimated time required: for the waypoint at the tunnel entrance, its path probability is high (close to 100%), its handover necessity score is high, and its estimated arrival time is 5 minutes. After comprehensively calculating these factors, a high comprehensive score for link handover warm-up demand is obtained.

[0089] Finally, the system dynamically switches the communication links of the communication terminals based on the comprehensive score of the link switching preheating requirement: the system filters out the path points with the highest comprehensive score of the link switching preheating requirement among all path points, and finds that the path point at the tunnel entrance has the highest comprehensive score. The system will determine that link switching at this point has the highest priority. As the vehicle is about to reach the tunnel entrance, the system will initiate the preheating process of the diffuse communication link in advance: adjusting the antenna direction, negotiating link parameters, etc., to ensure that when the vehicle actually enters the tunnel and the satellite communication quality degrades, the diffuse communication link is ready and can seamlessly take over the communication task, thereby avoiding communication interruption. When the vehicle exits the tunnel and enters or is about to enter an open area, the system will re-evaluate and preheat and switch back to the satellite communication link at an appropriate time.

[0090] This invention predicts the movement trajectory of communication terminals and the probability of passing through waypoints. Combining the differences in environmental suitability between scattering and satellite communication, the necessity of handover, and the urgency of arrival time, it quantifies the comprehensive score of link handover pre-warming requirements and selects the optimal waypoint to perform handover preparation in advance. This invention transforms passive handover into proactive pre-warming decision-making, effectively avoiding communication interruptions caused by sudden link changes and improving the success rate and reliability of handover between scattering and satellite communication.

[0091] For preferred options, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 The present invention further proposes a suitable score for the scattering communication environment of the determined path point, specifically including:

[0092] S21: Preset the communication environment feature threshold of scattering communication, preprocess the communication environment feature information to obtain the normalized value of the communication environment feature information; wherein, the preprocessing method is the normalization processing based on the communication environment feature threshold of scattering communication.

[0093] S22: Based on the characteristics of the communication environment, analyze the adaptability of scattering communication to the communication environment of the transit points, and thus determine the suitability score of the scattering communication environment of the transit points;

[0094] Specifically:

[0095] Through the formula: ;

[0096] Determine the suitability score for the scattering communication environment at the path point. ;

[0097] In the formula, This refers to the scattering communication environment suitability score of point i. This refers to the normalized value of the j-th communication environment feature information of the path point i for scattering communication. This refers to the weighting coefficient of the j-th communication environment feature of the path point i for scattering communication, and m refers to the total number of communication environment features.

[0098] The preset threshold values ​​for the communication environment characteristics of scatter communication refer to setting one or more reference values ​​or ranges for various communication environment characteristics (such as signal strength, interference level, obstacle density, terrain undulation, etc.) based on the characteristics of scatter communication and actual application requirements before conducting a suitability assessment of the scatter communication environment. These thresholds can serve as a benchmark for judging the degree of influence of environmental characteristics on scatter communication. For example, a minimum usable signal strength threshold can be set, below which the signal is considered unusable; or a maximum tolerable interference level threshold can be set. These thresholds can be determined based on historical data, expert experience, or simulation analysis, and can be adjusted according to different application scenarios or communication protocols.

[0099] For preprocessing, communication environment characteristics often have different dimensions and numerical ranges. Direct calculation may lead to the over-amplification or under-amplification of the influence of certain characteristics. Normalization aims to transform these characteristic values ​​to a uniform scale, such as the [0,1] or [-1,1] interval, to facilitate subsequent comprehensive evaluation. In addition to Sigmoid mapping, linear normalization (Min-MaxScaling) can be used, which scales the data proportionally to a specific interval; or Z-score normalization can be used, which converts the data to a standard normal distribution using the mean and standard deviation. These normalization methods can effectively eliminate the influence of dimensions, making different characteristics comparable.

[0100] S22 aims to synthesize normalized communication environment features to quantitatively reflect the suitability of scatter communication at a given path point. The analytical process can be understood as a weighted summation of various features, where the weights reflect the relative importance of each feature to the suitability of scatter communication. For example, signal strength may be assigned a higher weight, while slight obstacle density may be assigned a lower weight. This analytical method integrates multi-dimensional environmental information into a single, comparable suitability score.

[0101] The weight coefficient of the j-th communication environment feature of the path point i reflects the relative importance of different environmental features to the suitability of scatter communication, and can be set and adjusted according to expert experience, machine learning methods or optimization algorithms.

[0102] Specifically, this invention first pre-defines a series of communication environment characteristic thresholds, targeting the characteristics of scattering communication. These thresholds serve as the basis for evaluation, ensuring the relevance of subsequent processing. Next, communication environment characteristic information obtained from the actual environment is normalized based on these pre-determined thresholds, unifying raw data of different dimensions and ranges onto a comparable scale. This is achieved, for example, through Sigmoid mapping or other normalization methods, eliminating the heterogeneity between features. Subsequently, using the normalized feature values ​​and pre-determined weighting coefficients, a weighted summation is performed to calculate the scattering communication environment suitability score for path point i. In this process, each normalized feature value represents the degree of contribution of that feature to the suitability of scattering communication, while the weighting coefficients reflect the importance of different features. In this way, multi-dimensional communication environment information is effectively integrated into a single, quantified suitability score. This suitability score can accurately reflect the quality of communication conditions at specific path points, providing a reliable input for calculating the necessity score of switching the current communication link of the subsequent communication terminal. This enables the dynamic link switching method based on the coordination of scatter communication and satellite communication to make more accurate and intelligent switching decisions, avoiding communication interruptions or performance degradation caused by inaccurate environmental assessments.

[0103] Through the above technical solution, the precise suitability assessment of the present invention avoids errors that may be caused by subjective judgment or rough estimation, significantly improves the accuracy of the calculation of the switching necessity score of the current communication link of the communication terminal, and enables the entire link dynamic switching method to make decisions based on more reliable environmental information, effectively reducing erroneous or missed switching caused by inaccurate environmental assessment, and ensuring the stability and efficiency of the communication link.

[0104] For preferred options, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 The present invention further proposes a suitability score for satellite communication in determining the waypoints, specifically including:

[0105] S23: Preset the communication environment characteristic threshold of satellite communication, preprocess the communication environment characteristic information to obtain the normalized value of the communication environment characteristic information; wherein, the preprocessing method is the normalization processing based on the communication environment characteristic threshold of satellite communication.

[0106] S24: Based on the communication environment characteristics information, analyze the adaptability of satellite communication to the communication environment of the transit points, and thus determine the satellite communication environment suitability score of the transit points;

[0107] Specifically:

[0108] Through the formula: ;

[0109] Determine the satellite communication environment suitability score for the transit points. ;

[0110] In the formula, This refers to the satellite communication environment suitability score of transit point i. This refers to the normalized value of the j-th communication environment characteristic information of the transit point i for satellite communication. This refers to the weighting coefficient of the j-th communication environment feature of the transit point i for satellite communication, and m refers to the total number of communication environment features;

[0111] Among these, preset communication environment characteristic thresholds are reference values ​​used to define the performance boundaries or applicable scope of satellite communication under specific communication environment characteristics. For example, an upper limit threshold for satellite signal obstruction rate can be preset; exceeding this threshold is considered to significantly degrade satellite communication performance. Alternatively, thresholds for meteorological characteristics such as rainfall intensity and cloud thickness can be preset to assess their impact on satellite signal attenuation. These thresholds can be set based on historical data, simulation models, or expert experience. For instance, they can be determined by statistically analyzing the relationship between a large number of satellite communication interruption or performance degradation events and corresponding environmental characteristic data, or by simulating the satellite signal propagation characteristics under different environmental conditions.

[0112] Preprocessing the communication environment feature information to obtain normalized values ​​aims to eliminate differences in units and numerical ranges among different communication environment features, making them comparable and mapping them to a unified numerical range, such as [0,1] or [-1,1]. Besides Sigmoid mapping, linear normalization (Min-Max Scaling) can be used to scale the data to a specified range; or Z-score standardization can be used to convert the data into a distribution with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1. These methods ensure that the impact of different features on the results in subsequent suitability score calculations is not biased by differences in their original numerical ranges.

[0113] S24 aims to understand and quantify the performance and applicability of satellite communications in specific waypoint environments through comprehensive analysis of preprocessed communication environment characteristics. This includes identifying which environmental factors have the greatest impact on satellite communications and how these factors interact. For example, by analyzing factors such as building obstruction, vegetation density, weather conditions (e.g., rainfall, cloud cover), and electromagnetic interference levels at waypoints, it assesses satellite signal availability, link quality, and potential outage risks.

[0114] The weight coefficient of path point i for the j-th communication environment feature represents the relative importance of that feature to the suitability of satellite communication. For example, for satellite communication, the weight of line-of-sight obstruction may be much higher than the weight of slight rainfall.

[0115] Specifically, this invention first pre-sets a series of threshold values ​​for communication environment characteristics, considering the characteristics of satellite communication. These thresholds serve as benchmarks for judging environmental suitability. Subsequently, the acquired raw communication environment characteristic information undergoes preprocessing and normalization based on these preset thresholds, thereby mapping characteristic data of different dimensions and ranges to a comparable numerical range. This process ensures the fairness and accuracy of subsequent calculations. Next, using the normalized communication environment characteristic information and pre-determined weighting coefficients, a satellite communication environment suitability score for the transit point is calculated through a weighted summation. Each weighting coefficient reflects the importance of the corresponding environmental characteristic to satellite communication performance; for example, for satellite communication, the weight of line-of-sight obstruction is usually higher than other factors. In this way, this scheme can comprehensively consider the impact of multiple environmental factors on satellite communication and accurately characterize the adaptability of the transit point to satellite communication with a quantified score. This precise suitability score assessment provides a reliable basis for upper-layer link switching decisions, enabling communication terminals to more accurately determine when and whether to switch to a satellite communication link, thereby optimizing the overall dynamic link switching strategy and improving communication stability and reliability.

[0116] Through the above technical solution, the present invention comprehensively considers the impact of various environmental characteristics on satellite communication, so that the determined satellite communication environment suitability score can more comprehensively and accurately reflect the actual communication conditions. It effectively solves the one-sidedness or subjectivity problems that may exist in traditional evaluation methods, and provides a more reliable and refined decision basis for the dynamic switching of communication terminals, thereby improving the intelligence level of link switching and the overall performance of the communication system.

[0117] Preferably, the present invention further proposes the following method for determining the necessity score of switching the current communication link of the communication terminal:

[0118] Based on the scattering communication environment suitability score and the satellite communication environment suitability score of the route points, the difference between the scattering communication environment suitability score and the satellite communication environment suitability score is analyzed, thereby obtaining the switching necessity score of the current communication link of the communication terminal;

[0119] Specifically:

[0120] Through the formula: ;

[0121] Obtain the switching necessity score of the current communication link of the communication terminal. ;

[0122] In the formula, This refers to the score indicating the necessity of switching the current communication link when the communication terminal reaches path point i. This refers to the environmental suitability score of the currently used communication type at point i. This refers to the environmental suitability score of the backup communication type at transit point i. This refers to the deviation threshold of the environmental suitability score;

[0123] The above analysis of the differences between the suitability scores for scatter communication and satellite communication environments aims to quantify the gap in the suitability of the current communication link (whether scatter or satellite) and the backup communication link at a specific path point i. This difference analysis is core to assessing the necessity of handover. For example, the difference between the two suitability scores can be directly calculated; the smaller the difference (usually less than 0, indicating that the backup communication link's suitability score is higher than the current link), the higher the potential benefits or necessity of handover. Alternatively, the difference can be measured using a ratio; the further the ratio deviates from 1, the greater the difference. By quantifying the difference, the potential value or risk of link handover at a specific path point can be assessed more objectively and precisely, providing data support for subsequent handover decisions.

[0124] The above formula uses the Sigmoid function to map the difference in suitability scores between the two communication methods to a switching necessity score between 0 and 1. This formula provides a smooth and adjustable way to quantify switching necessity. Much higher hour, A value close to 0 indicates a low necessity for switching; when far below hour, A value approaching 1 indicates a high necessity for switching. This nonlinear mapping can better simulate the complexity of actual switching decisions;

[0125] It should be noted that the environmental suitability score of the currently used communication type at transit point i can be either scatter communication or satellite communication, depending on the type of link that the communication terminal is currently actually connected to; the environmental suitability score of the backup communication type at transit point i is complementary to the environmental suitability score of the currently used communication type at transit point i.

[0126] The deviation threshold for the environmental suitability score is an adjustment parameter used to control the steepness of the Sigmoid function. For example, the deviation threshold for the environmental suitability score can be set through historical data analysis or expert experience, or adjusted in real time according to the service priority or communication quality requirements of the communication terminal.

[0127] The present invention first acquires the movement trajectory information of the communication terminal and determines the set of waypoints and their probabilities. Simultaneously, for these waypoints, the system acquires their communication environment characteristic information and calculates the suitability scores for both scattering communication environment and satellite communication environment. When determining the switching necessity score for the current communication link of the communication terminal, this invention deeply analyzes the difference between the environmental suitability score of the currently used communication type at waypoint i and the environmental suitability score of the backup communication type at waypoint i. Specifically, by substituting the difference between these two suitability scores into a formula in the form of a sigmoid function, the system can obtain a switching necessity score for the current communication link of the communication terminal that is between 0 and 1. This formula smoothly reflects the impact of the performance gap between the current link and the backup link on the switching necessity. When the suitability of the current link is much better than that of the backup link, the switching necessity score approaches 0; when the suitability of the current link is much worse than that of the backup link, the switching necessity score approaches 1. The intermediate transition zone is adjusted by a deviation threshold of the environmental suitability score, allowing the system to adjust its sensitivity to suitability differences based on actual needs. In this way, the solution can more accurately and quantitatively assess the urgency and potential benefits of link switching at specific waypoints, avoiding misjudgments that might arise from relying solely on absolute values. This provides a more reliable basis for calculating the comprehensive score of subsequent link switching preheating requirements.

[0128] Through the above technical solution, the present invention can provide a smoother and more reasonable assessment of the necessity of switching, thereby providing a more reliable and refined basis for subsequent link switching decisions, and significantly improving the intelligence of link switching and the accuracy of decision-making.

[0129] For preferred options, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 3 The present invention further proposes a comprehensive score for determining the preheating requirements for link handover, specifically including:

[0130] S41: Based on the estimated time required for the communication terminal to reach the transit points, analyze the urgency of the communication link switching of the communication terminal in the time dimension and determine the link switching urgency score.

[0131] S42: Determine the preliminary score of the communication terminal's link switching warm-up requirement based on the switching necessity score of the current communication link of the communication terminal and the path probability of the path points;

[0132] S43: Determine the comprehensive score for link switching warm-up requirements based on the link switching urgency score and the preliminary score for link switching warm-up requirements of communication terminals;

[0133] S41 aims to quantify the immediacy and priority of link handover warm-up. This score reflects how quickly link handover warm-up needs to be initiated before the communication terminal reaches a specific waypoint. One implementation involves inputting the estimated demand time length into a preset mathematical function, such as an inverse exponential function or a sigmoid function, so that the shorter the estimated time, the higher the urgency score. Another implementation compares the estimated demand time length with a series of preset time thresholds, assigning different discrete urgency scores based on the range it falls into, such as multiple levels like "high," "medium," and "low."

[0134] In addition, the estimated time required for the communication terminal to reach the waypoint can be obtained by combining the communication terminal's moving speed with the distance between the communication terminal and the waypoint. This method is existing technology and will not be elaborated here.

[0135] S42 is designed to comprehensively consider both the inherent needs and actual probability of link switching. The preliminary score is a basic assessment of link warm-up requirements, combining the suitability of the communication environment (reflected by the switching necessity score) and the probability of the terminal actually passing through that point (reflected by the path probability). One implementation is to multiply the switching necessity score and the path probability, or to normalize one or both and then perform a weighted sum to obtain the preliminary score. Another implementation is to construct a decision matrix or lookup table that directly maps the corresponding preliminary score to different combinations of switching necessity score and path probability.

[0136] S43 is the final comprehensive evaluation step. The comprehensive score fully reflects the overall priority and intensity of link handover pre-warming at specific path points. One implementation is to use the link handover urgency score as a multiplier or weighting factor, combining it with the initial link handover pre-warming requirement score through calculations such as weighted summation or product. An influence coefficient can be introduced to adjust the degree of influence of the urgency score on the comprehensive score. Another implementation is to use a multi-input nonlinear model, taking both scores as inputs, and outputting the final comprehensive score through learning or pre-set rules.

[0137] This invention provides a more comprehensive and refined assessment of link handover warm-up requirements by incorporating a time-based urgency consideration. First, the system dynamically analyzes the urgency of link handover in terms of time based on the estimated time required for the communication terminal to reach its destination, generating a link handover urgency score. This score reflects the immediacy and priority of link handover warm-up at a specific destination. Simultaneously, by combining the communication terminal's current communication link handover necessity score with the path probability of the destination, the system can preliminarily assess the potential demand for link handover, forming a preliminary score for link handover warm-up requirements. This preliminary score integrates environmental suitability and path certainty, providing a foundation for warm-up requirements. Finally, the link handover urgency score and the communication terminal's preliminary link handover warm-up requirement score are comprehensively considered to determine the comprehensive link handover warm-up requirement score. This hierarchical and progressive assessment mechanism ensures that link handover warm-up decisions are based not only on the suitability of the communication environment and path probability but also on time urgency, guaranteeing timely and effective initiation of link warm-up when needed, avoiding communication interruptions or service quality degradation due to insufficient preparation. In this way, the present invention further optimizes the decision-making process of link switching based on the existing technology, making it more forward-looking and real-time, thereby improving the robustness and efficiency of dynamic switching of communication links.

[0138] Through the above technical solution, the present invention can intelligently perform link switching preheating according to actual needs and time urgency, thereby significantly improving the efficiency, reliability and user experience of dynamic switching of communication links.

[0139] Preferably, the present invention further proposes a method for determining the link switching urgency score, specifically including:

[0140] Through the formula: ;

[0141] Obtain the link switching urgency score ;

[0142] In the formula, This refers to the link handover urgency score when the communication terminal's path point is path point i. This refers to the estimated time required for a communication terminal to reach path point i. This refers to the minimum time required to complete a communication link switch. This refers to the safety margin for the duration of time;

[0143] The formula employs a sigmoid function to smoothly map differences in the time dimension to a score between 0 and 1, quantifying the time urgency of link switching. Its function is to comprehensively consider the estimated required time, the minimum time needed to complete the link switch, and the time margin, thereby outputting a continuously changing urgency score. This formula can be implemented by performing mathematical operations in the processing unit, such as real-time calculation via a floating-point unit; alternatively, to improve computational efficiency, the urgency scores corresponding to different time differences can be pre-calculated and stored in a lookup table for direct retrieval when needed.

[0144] The higher the link switching urgency score, the more urgent the link switching requirement. This score can be used as an intermediate calculation result and directly input into the subsequent comprehensive score calculation of link switching warm-up requirements. In addition, this score can also be visualized through the user interface or monitoring system to provide intuitive decision-making reference for system operators.

[0145] The minimum time required to complete a communication link switch refers to the shortest time necessary for the system to successfully complete a communication link switch operation. This time can be obtained through actual testing and performance evaluation of the communication system and configured as empirical data; alternatively, it can be preset as a fixed system parameter based on parameters such as the communication protocol standard adopted, the response speed of hardware devices, and the network topology.

[0146] The time margin is an additional buffer period reserved beyond the minimum time required to complete a communication link switchover. Its main function is to provide fault tolerance during the switchover process, addressing potential system delays, network congestion, or unexpected failures, thus effectively preventing switchover failures due to insufficient time. This margin can be dynamically adjusted and optimized based on system reliability requirements, historical fault data analysis, and other factors; alternatively, it can be set as a fixed safety factor based on engineering experience and risk assessment.

[0147] The present invention introduces a mathematical formula based on the Sigmoid function to precisely quantify the time urgency of a communication terminal performing a link switch upon reaching a specific waypoint. This formula organically combines the estimated time required for the communication terminal to reach waypoint i, the minimum time required to complete the communication link switch, and a time margin. Specifically, it calculates... This allows us to determine how much time the system has remaining to perform the handover operation after meeting the minimum handover time requirement. This time difference is then normalized using a time length safety margin and input into the Sigmoid function. The characteristics of the Sigmoid function allow the output link handover urgency score to smoothly transition from a low value (ample time) to a high value (urgent or insufficient time). This approach not only considers the inherent time cost of link handover itself but also reserves buffer time to cope with uncertainties through the time length safety margin, enabling the system to perceive time pressure earlier and initiate link handover warm-up or actual handover operations accordingly. Compared to simple threshold judgment, this quantification method based on continuous functions provides a more refined and robust assessment of time urgency, thus providing a more reliable basis for the subsequent calculation of the comprehensive score for link handover warm-up requirements, significantly improving the success rate and efficiency of dynamic link handover.

[0148] Through the above technical solution, the present invention effectively avoids handover failures caused by inaccurate time estimation or unforeseen circumstances, enabling the system to determine the need for link handover earlier and more accurately, thereby initiating link handover warm-up or actual handover operations at the appropriate time, significantly improving the success rate and reliability of dynamic link handover, especially in application scenarios with narrow time windows or variable environments, where its advantages are more obvious.

[0149] Preferably, the present invention further proposes a method for determining the preliminary score of the link handover warm-up requirement of the communication terminal, specifically including:

[0150] Through the formula: ;

[0151] Preliminary score for link switching warm-up requirements of communication terminals ;

[0152] In the formula, This refers to the initial score of the link handover warm-up requirement for the communication terminal when the path point is path point i. This refers to the score indicating the necessity of switching the current communication link when the communication terminal reaches point i along the route. This refers to the path probability of a communication terminal for a point i. This refers to the minimum probability of a communication terminal finding its way through all possible points. This refers to the maximum probability of a communication terminal finding a path among all possible points; if Then the fraction The value is 1;

[0153] The preliminary score for the link handover warm-up requirement of communication terminals serves to quantify the potential necessity and likelihood of link handover, providing a basis for subsequent comprehensive evaluation. This score can be a normalized value between 0 and 1, or a dimensionless relative value, used to indicate the priority of the warm-up operation. It can also be generated through weighted summation, product operations, or calculations based on decision trees and other algorithmic models.

[0154] The purpose of the switching necessity score of the current communication link of the communication terminal is to assess the difference between the current communication environment and the backup communication environment, so as to determine the potential benefits of switching.

[0155] The role of the communication terminal in the path probability of waypoint i is to introduce the uncertainty of future paths, so that the link switching decision can take into account the actual movement trend of the terminal.

[0156] The minimum and maximum probabilities of a communication terminal traversing all path points represent the lowest and highest probabilities, respectively, of the communication terminal passing through these predicted path points. Their function is to normalize the path probabilities of path points, eliminating absolute differences in probability distributions across different scenarios and highlighting their relative importance. These two values ​​can be determined by iterating through and comparing the path probabilities of all path points or through statistical analysis.

[0157] Fractional terms This is the result of normalizing the path probability of waypoint i, mapping it to a relative interval. Its purpose is to transform the original path probability into an index reflecting its relative position among all waypoints, thus enabling a fairer measurement of the relative importance of different waypoints when calculating the initial score. This normalization process can also employ linear scaling, Min-Max standardization, or other forms of interval mapping methods.

[0158] It should be noted that in practical applications, there may be situations where all waypoints have the same path probability, which could lead to... If the fractional term becomes meaningless, the fractional value can be set to 1, indicating that the path probability is the same for all points along the way. In this case, the fraction will be 1, and the path probability will no longer be analyzed, thus ensuring the stability of the calculation.

[0159] Specifically, this invention first obtains the handover necessity score of the current communication link when the communication terminal arrives at path point i. This score reflects the difference between the current communication environment and the backup communication environment, indicating the potential benefits of handover. Simultaneously, this invention also obtains the path probability of the communication terminal for path point i, which quantifies the likelihood of the terminal actually passing through that path point. To make the path probability more relative in the calculation, this invention further normalizes it to obtain a relative probability weight. Finally, the handover necessity score is multiplied by the normalized path probability weight to generate a preliminary score for the communication terminal's link handover warm-up requirement. This product-based calculation method ensures that the preliminary score not only considers the necessity of handover but also fully considers the likelihood and relative importance of the terminal actually passing through that path point, ensuring a more comprehensive and accurate judgment of the link handover warm-up requirement in subsequent comprehensive evaluations. In this way, this invention can more effectively identify path points that have both high handover necessity and high or relatively high path probability, thus providing a more accurate basis for link handover warm-up.

[0160] By employing the aforementioned technical solution, when determining the initial score for the link handover warm-up requirement of a communication terminal, not only is the necessity of handover of the current communication link considered, but a normalization process for the path probabilities of waypoints is also introduced. This approach effectively eliminates the absolute differences in path probabilities under different scenarios, enabling a more accurate reflection of the relative importance of waypoints among all predicted paths when calculating the initial score. This avoids evaluation biases that may result from directly using the original path probabilities. For example, when all path probabilities are low, direct multiplication may lead to an excessively low initial score, failing to effectively distinguish the relative priorities of different waypoints; or when the path probability distribution is uneven, it may overemphasize or underestimate the importance of certain waypoints. By normalizing the path probabilities and multiplying them by the handover necessity score, this solution generates a more reasonable and discriminative initial score for the link handover warm-up requirement, thus providing a more solid foundation for the subsequent comprehensive score calculation of the link handover warm-up requirement, thereby improving the accuracy and robustness of the entire dynamic link handover method.

[0161] Preferably, the present invention further proposes that the method for determining the comprehensive score of link switching preheating requirements also includes:

[0162] Through the formula: ;

[0163] Determine the comprehensive score for link switching preheating requirements. ;

[0164] In the formula, This refers to the initial score of the link handover warm-up requirement for the communication terminal when the path point is path point i. This refers to the comprehensive score of the link switching warm-up requirement of the communication terminal when the communication terminal's path point is path point i. This refers to the link handover urgency score when the communication terminal's path point is path point i. This refers to the impact coefficient of the urgency of link switching;

[0165] The above formula achieves a comprehensive assessment of the preheating demand by multiplying the initial score of the link switching preheating demand with a correction factor based on the link switching urgency score and the link switching urgency impact coefficient.

[0166] The comprehensive score for link handover warm-up requirements measures the overall demand for link handover warm-up when the communication terminal's path point is path point i. A higher score indicates a stronger necessity and urgency for link handover warm-up at that path point. This score can be a continuous value, directly reflecting the priority of warm-up; alternatively, it can be discretized into different warm-up levels by setting thresholds, for example, dividing the score into high, medium, and low levels to guide different warm-up strategies.

[0167] The link switching urgency impact coefficient is a weighted parameter used to adjust the degree of influence of the link switching urgency score on the overall score of link switching warm-up requirements. This coefficient can be a preset constant, the value of which can be determined based on the system designer's experience, simulation results, or actual test data. Alternatively, this coefficient can be a dynamically adjusted parameter, for example, adjusted in real time based on factors such as current network load, communication terminal type, ongoing task priority, or external environmental conditions, to achieve a more flexible warm-up strategy.

[0168] Specifically, the formula is based on the initial score of link switching warm-up requirements, multiplied by a correction factor. This reflects the impact of time urgency. Among them, the link switching urgency score... The larger the value, the more urgent the time requirement, and the more important the correction factor. The larger the value, the higher the overall score for link switching preheating requirements. The link switching urgency impact coefficient, as an adjustable weight, allows the system to adjust the importance of time urgency in the overall score based on actual needs or strategies. This combined approach ensures that link switching preheating decisions consider not only the necessity and probability of switching but also the urgency of the execution window. In this way, the system can more comprehensively and intelligently assess the link switching preheating requirements of each transit point, thus avoiding insufficient or excessive preheating due to considering only a single dimension, making the link switching preheating process more accurate and efficient.

[0169] Through the above technical solutions, the present invention significantly improves the timeliness, smoothness and success rate of link switching, and effectively ensures the continuity and stability of communication terminals in complex communication environments.

[0170] For preferred options, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 4 The present invention further proposes to dynamically switch the communication links of communication terminals based on the comprehensive score of link switching preheating requirements, specifically including:

[0171] S51: Filter the maximum value of the comprehensive score of the link handover warm-up demand of all communication terminal path points in the set of communication terminal path points to obtain the maximum comprehensive score of the link handover warm-up demand and the corresponding path point.

[0172] S52: Based on the comprehensive score of the maximum link switching preheating demand and the corresponding path points, dynamically switch the communication links of the communication terminal;

[0173] Specifically, S51 aims to identify the path point most in need of link switching preheating or switching from multiple potential link switching points. By filtering for the maximum value, the system can focus on the highest priority switching needs, avoiding resource dispersion or ambiguous decisions. This filtering process can be achieved by traversing the set of path points, comparing the comprehensive score of the link switching preheating needs for each path point, and recording the maximum value and its corresponding path point index; alternatively, all path points and their corresponding comprehensive scores of link switching preheating needs can be stored in a data structure, and then a sorting algorithm or a maximum value lookup function can be used to directly obtain the maximum score and its corresponding path point.

[0174] S52 is the core step in executing the actual link handover. Once the highest priority handover request is determined, the system will trigger the corresponding handover operation based on this information to optimize communication quality or meet specific communication needs. After receiving the maximum score and waypoint information, the handover module can send a handover command to the communication terminal according to a preset handover strategy (e.g., switching from scatter communication to satellite communication, or vice versa), and coordinate network-side resources for link establishment and data forwarding. Alternatively, the handover process can be managed through a state machine or decision tree. When the conditions corresponding to the maximum score are met, the system automatically enters the link handover state and executes a series of predefined handover sub-steps, such as signaling interaction, resource reservation, and data path update.

[0175] Before handover, a link handover warm-up can be performed. The purpose is to prepare the target link's resources and status in advance, thereby shortening handover time, reducing service interruption, and improving handover success rate. Warm-up can include establishing signaling connections for the target link in advance, pre-allocating radio resources, and pre-loading configuration parameters for the target link; alternatively, it can involve conducting channel measurements and interference assessments of the target link in advance, or even performing small-scale data probe transmissions without affecting current services to verify the target link's availability. One implementation method is to preset a threshold for the combined score of standard communication link handover time and link handover warm-up requirements. When the combined score of the combined score is greater than or equal to the threshold, and the time required for the communication terminal to reach the corresponding waypoint is equal to or nearly equal to the standard communication link handover time, this specific implementation provides a threshold- and time-based triggering mechanism to ensure that link handover warm-up or actual handover occurs at the appropriate time, avoiding both premature resource waste and delayed handover failure. The system can continuously monitor the calculated combined score of the link handover warm-up requirements and the estimated time for the communication terminal to reach the target waypoint. When the score reaches a preset threshold and the estimated time matches the standard switchover time, the warm-up or switchover process is triggered; alternatively, it can be managed through a timer or event listener. When the estimated time countdown approaches the standard switchover time, the system checks whether the overall score meets the threshold condition; if so, the switchover process is started immediately.

[0176] The present invention first filters the comprehensive score of link handover warm-up requirements for all communication terminal path points in the communication terminal path point set by selecting the maximum value. This identifies the path points that most urgently require link handover warm-up or handover, ensuring that the system can focus its limited resources and decision-making on the highest priority handover requirements. Based on this, according to the selected maximum comprehensive score of link handover warm-up requirements and the corresponding path point, the system further determines whether preset triggering conditions are met: whether the comprehensive score of link handover warm-up requirements reaches a threshold, and whether the time required for the communication terminal to reach the corresponding path point matches the time required for standard communication link handover. This dual-condition judgment mechanism ensures that link handover triggering considers both the necessity and timeliness of handover. By performing link handover warm-up before handover, the system can prepare the resources and status of the target link in advance, effectively shortening the actual handover time, reducing service interruptions, and thus significantly improving the success rate of dynamic communication link handover and user experience.

[0177] Through the above technical solution, the present invention ensures that the switching operation is performed at the most appropriate time, thereby significantly improving the success rate and efficiency of link switching, reducing the risk of communication interruption, and improving the communication reliability and user experience of communication terminals in complex dynamic environments.

[0178] Please see Figure 5 In another embodiment of the present invention, a link dynamic handover system based on the coordination of scattering communication and satellite communication is proposed. This system is used to execute the above-mentioned link dynamic handover method based on the coordination of scattering communication and satellite communication, specifically including:

[0179] The trajectory prediction module 10 is used to acquire the movement trajectory information of the communication terminal, and determine the path probability of each path point in the communication terminal's path point set based on the movement trajectory information of the communication terminal.

[0180] The communication environment analysis module 20 is used to obtain the communication environment characteristic information of each path point in the set of communication terminal path points, and determine the scattering communication environment suitability score and satellite communication environment suitability score of the path point according to the communication environment characteristic information.

[0181] The switching necessity analysis module 30 is used to determine the switching necessity score of the current communication link of the communication terminal based on the suitability scores of scatter communication and satellite communication at the transit points;

[0182] The comprehensive analysis module 40 is used to obtain the estimated time required for the communication terminal to reach the waypoint. Based on the switching necessity score of the current communication link of the communication terminal, the probability of passing the waypoint, and the estimated time required for the communication terminal to reach the waypoint, the comprehensive score of the link switching warm-up requirement is determined.

[0183] The switching module 50 is used to dynamically switch the communication links of the communication terminal based on the comprehensive score of the link switching preheating requirements.

[0184] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A link dynamic switching method based on the coordination of scattering communication and satellite communication, characterized in that, The method specifically includes: Obtain the movement trajectory information of the communication terminal, and determine the set of waypoints of the communication terminal and the path probability of each waypoint in the set of waypoints of the communication terminal based on the movement trajectory information of the communication terminal. Obtain the communication environment characteristic information of each path point in the set of communication terminal path points, and determine the scattering communication environment suitability score and satellite communication environment suitability score of the path point according to the communication environment characteristic information; Based on the suitability scores of scatter communication and satellite communication at the transit points, determine the necessity score for switching the current communication link of the communication terminal; Obtain the estimated time required for the communication terminal to reach the waypoint, and determine the comprehensive score of the link switching warm-up requirement based on the switching necessity score of the current communication link of the communication terminal, the probability of passing the waypoint, and the estimated time required for the communication terminal to reach the waypoint. The communication links of the communication terminals are dynamically switched based on the comprehensive score of the link switching warm-up requirements.

2. The link dynamic switching method based on the coordination of scattering communication and satellite communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the scattering communication environment suitability score for the path point specifically includes: A preset threshold for the communication environment characteristics of scattering communication is used to preprocess the communication environment characteristic information to obtain a normalized value of the communication environment characteristic information; wherein, the preprocessing method is a normalization process based on the threshold for the communication environment characteristics of scattering communication. Based on the characteristics of the communication environment, the adaptability of scattering communication to the communication environment of the transit points is analyzed, thereby determining the suitability score of the scattering communication environment at the transit points; Specifically: Through the formula: ; Determine the suitability score for the scattering communication environment at the path point. ; In the formula, This refers to the scattering communication environment suitability score of point i. This refers to the normalized value of the j-th communication environment feature information of the path point i for scattering communication. This refers to the weighting coefficient of the j-th communication environment feature of the path point i for scattering communication, and m refers to the total number of communication environment features.

3. The link dynamic switching method based on the coordination of scattering communication and satellite communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The suitability score for satellite communication at the determined route points specifically includes: A preset threshold for the communication environment characteristics of satellite communication is used to preprocess the communication environment characteristic information to obtain a normalized value of the communication environment characteristic information; wherein, the preprocessing method is a normalization process based on the threshold for the communication environment characteristics of satellite communication. Based on the characteristics of the communication environment, the adaptability of satellite communication to the communication environment of the transit points is analyzed, thereby determining the satellite communication environment suitability score of the transit points; Specifically: Through the formula: ; Determine the satellite communication environment suitability score for the transit points. ; In the formula, This refers to the satellite communication environment suitability score of transit point i. This refers to the normalized value of the j-th communication environment characteristic information of the transit point i for satellite communication. This refers to the weighting coefficient of the j-th communication environment feature of the transit point i for satellite communication, and m refers to the total number of communication environment features.

4. The link dynamic switching method based on the coordination of scattering communication and satellite communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the necessity score for switching the current communication link of the communication terminal specifically includes: Based on the scattering communication environment suitability score and the satellite communication environment suitability score of the route points, the difference between the scattering communication environment suitability score and the satellite communication environment suitability score is analyzed, thereby obtaining the switching necessity score of the current communication link of the communication terminal; Specifically: Through the formula: ; Obtain the switching necessity score of the current communication link of the communication terminal. ; In the formula, This refers to the score indicating the necessity of switching the current communication link when the communication terminal reaches path point i. This refers to the environmental suitability score of the currently used communication type at point i. This refers to the environmental suitability score of the backup communication type at transit point i. This refers to the deviation threshold of the environmental suitability score.

5. The link dynamic switching method based on the coordination of scattering communication and satellite communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The comprehensive score for determining the link handover preheating requirement specifically includes: Based on the estimated time required for the communication terminal to reach the transit points, the urgency of the communication link switching of the communication terminal in the time dimension is analyzed, and the link switching urgency score is determined. Based on the switching necessity score of the current communication link of the communication terminal and the path probability of the transit points, the preliminary score of the link switching warm-up requirement of the communication terminal is determined. Based on the link switching urgency score and the preliminary score of the link switching warm-up requirement of the communication terminal, the comprehensive score of the link switching warm-up requirement is determined.

6. The link dynamic switching method based on the coordination of scattering communication and satellite communication according to claim 5, characterized in that, The specific methods for determining the urgency score of link switching include: Through the formula: ; Obtain the link switching urgency score ; In the formula, This refers to the link handover urgency score when the communication terminal's path point is path point i. This refers to the estimated time required for a communication terminal to reach path point i. This refers to the minimum time required to complete a communication link switch. This refers to the safety margin for the duration of time.

7. The link dynamic switching method based on the coordination of scattering communication and satellite communication according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method for determining the initial score of the link switching warm-up requirement of the communication terminal specifically includes: Through the formula: ; Preliminary score for link switching warm-up requirements of communication terminals ; In the formula, This refers to the initial score of the link handover warm-up requirement for the communication terminal when the path point is path point i. This refers to the score indicating the necessity of switching the current communication link when the communication terminal reaches point i along the route. This refers to the path probability of a communication terminal for a point i. This refers to the minimum probability of a communication terminal finding its way through all possible points. This refers to the maximum probability of a communication terminal finding a path among all possible points; if Then the fraction The value is 1.

8. The link dynamic switching method based on the coordination of scattering communication and satellite communication according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method for determining the comprehensive score of link switching warm-up requirements also includes: Through the formula: ; Determine the comprehensive score for link switching preheating requirements. ; In the formula, This refers to the initial score of the link handover warm-up requirement for the communication terminal when the path point is path point i. This refers to the comprehensive score of the link switching warm-up requirement of the communication terminal when the communication terminal's path point is path point i. This refers to the link handover urgency score when the communication terminal's path point is path point i. This refers to the impact coefficient of the urgency of link switching.

9. The link dynamic switching method based on the coordination of scattering communication and satellite communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic switching of communication links of communication terminals based on the comprehensive score of link switching warm-up requirements specifically includes: The maximum value of the comprehensive score of the link handover warm-up demand for all communication terminal path points in the set of communication terminal path points is selected to obtain the maximum comprehensive score of the link handover warm-up demand and the corresponding path point. Based on the comprehensive score of the maximum link switching warm-up requirement and the corresponding path points, the communication links of the communication terminals are dynamically switched.

10. A link dynamic switching system based on the coordination of scattering communication and satellite communication, characterized in that, This system is used to execute the link dynamic switching method based on the coordination of scattering communication and satellite communication as described in any one of claims 1-9, specifically including: The trajectory prediction module is used to acquire the movement trajectory information of the communication terminal, and based on the movement trajectory information of the communication terminal, determine the set of waypoints of the communication terminal and the path probability of each waypoint in the set of waypoints of the communication terminal. The communication environment analysis module is used to obtain the communication environment characteristic information of each path point in the set of communication terminal path points, and determine the scattering communication environment suitability score and satellite communication environment suitability score of the path point according to the communication environment characteristic information. The switching necessity analysis module is used to determine the switching necessity score of the current communication link of the communication terminal based on the suitability scores of scatter communication and satellite communication at the transit points; The comprehensive analysis module is used to obtain the estimated time required for the communication terminal to reach the waypoint. Based on the switching necessity score of the current communication link of the communication terminal, the probability of passing the waypoint, and the estimated time required for the communication terminal to reach the waypoint, the comprehensive score of the link switching warm-up requirement is determined. The switching module is used to dynamically switch the communication links of the communication terminal based on the comprehensive score of the link switching warm-up requirements.

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