A system and method for dynamically measuring 5g spectrum interference

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a system and method for dynamically measuring 5G spectrum interference, which comprises a management module, an access control module, a wireless resource management module, a baseband module and a radio frequency module deployed in a 5G base station, wherein the wireless resource management module reserves an interference measurement subframe S, and no periodic downlink or uplink resource is configured for any terminal on the subframe; after the management module issues a start instruction, the access control module does not schedule service data on the subframe S periodically, the baseband module turns off the radio frequency power amplifier on the same subframe S with the same period T and instructs the radio frequency module to measure the interference on the full working bandwidth, and the measured frequency domain data is reported to the management module; the non-measurement subframe time is restored to normal scheduling and power amplifier enabling, which does not affect the user service. The present application does not need additional special equipment such as handheld spectrum analyzer, does not need to close the base station to realize real-time online measurement, and significantly improves the convenience and flexibility of 5G network operation and maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, specifically to a system and method for dynamically measuring 5G spectrum interference. Background Technology

[0002] In 5G wireless communication systems, interference is ubiquitous and characterized by its suddenness and randomness, significantly degrading system performance and manifesting as decreased user throughput, worsened latency, and increased call drop rates. Simultaneously, the presence of interference also hinders accurate base station site selection, increasing the difficulty of network planning and optimization. Therefore, how to quickly and accurately identify the location and intensity of interference, and on this basis, achieve intelligent anti-interference, has become one of the core issues that urgently need to be addressed in 5G systems.

[0003] Currently, there are two main methods for measuring spectrum interference. The first is to use dedicated measurement equipment such as handheld spectrum analyzers to perform spectrum cleanup before base station deployment or for on-site interference source location. This method requires additional equipment and significant manpower, and its efficiency is extremely low in complex and ever-changing interference environments, often taking several days. More importantly, the base station must be shut down during the measurement process, causing service interruption for users and making it unsuitable for flexible real-time monitoring on the existing network. The second method utilizes user equipment (such as user terminals, UEs) for interference measurement. However, limited by terminal capabilities, channel fluctuations, and battery life, it is difficult to obtain clean, full-bandwidth interference data, and the measurement results often contain signals from the local cell, failing to accurately reflect the true external interference. Neither of these existing technologies can achieve dynamic and accurate measurement of spectrum interference by the base station itself without interrupting services or incurring additional costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a system and method for dynamically measuring 5G spectrum interference, so as to solve the problem that the existing technology cannot achieve dynamic and accurate measurement of spectrum interference by the base station itself without interrupting services or increasing additional costs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A system for dynamically measuring 5G spectrum interference includes a management module, an access control module, a radio resource management module, a baseband module, and a radio frequency module, all installed within a 5G base station. The management module is communicatively connected to both the access control module and the baseband module, the baseband module is communicatively connected to the radio frequency module, and the radio resource management module is communicatively connected to both the access control module and the baseband module.

[0007] The management module is used to issue interference measurement start command or interference measurement stop command to the access control module and the baseband module;

[0008] The wireless resource management module is used to reserve an interference measurement subframe S, and on the interference measurement subframe S, it does not configure any terminal with resources that need to be periodically sent or reported.

[0009] The access control module is used to periodically not schedule the terminal's service data on the interference measurement subframe S according to the received interference measurement start command, and to resume scheduling the terminal's service data on the interference measurement subframe S according to the interference measurement stop command.

[0010] The baseband module is used to, according to the received interference measurement start command, turn off the power amplifier of the radio frequency module at the same period T on the interference measurement subframe S, and instruct the radio frequency module to perform interference measurement on the base station operating bandwidth, and report the measured frequency domain data to the management module; and according to the interference measurement stop command, stop turning off the power amplifier of the radio frequency module and stop instructing the radio frequency module to perform interference measurement.

[0011] The radio frequency module is used to turn off the power amplifier and perform full-bandwidth interference measurement on the interference measurement subframe S as instructed by the baseband module, and to enable the power amplifier during the non-interference measurement subframe S.

[0012] Furthermore, when the radio resource management module reserves the interference measurement subframe S, the periodic distribution resources at the base station level and the periodic reporting resources at the user level are configured to avoid the interference measurement subframe S; the periodic distribution resources include NZP-CSI-RS resources and CSI-IM resources, and the periodic reporting resources include SR resources and CSI-Report resources.

[0013] Furthermore, the management module is also used to process the received frequency domain data and display the interference situation on the base station's operating bandwidth in the form of received power in dBm; and to stop displaying the interference situation after the interference measurement stops.

[0014] Furthermore, both the period T and the duration of the interference measurement subframe S are configurable parameters; the duration of the interference measurement subframe S is in the millisecond range, and the period T is in the second or millisecond range.

[0015] A method for dynamically measuring 5G spectrum interference, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1: The radio resource management module of the base station reserves an interference measurement subframe S, and on the interference measurement subframe S, no resources that need to be periodically sent or reported are configured for any terminal;

[0017] S2: The base station's management module sends an interference measurement start command to the access control module and the baseband module;

[0018] S3: The access control module periodically does not schedule the terminal's service data on the interference measurement subframe S; the baseband module turns off the power amplifier of the radio frequency module on the interference measurement subframe S with the same period T, and instructs the radio frequency module to perform interference measurement on the base station's operating bandwidth.

[0019] S4: The baseband module reports the measured frequency domain data to the management module, and the management module processes and displays the interference situation on the working bandwidth;

[0020] S5: At other times during non-interference measurement subframe S, the access control module normally schedules the terminal's service data, and the baseband module enables the power amplifier of the radio frequency module, without performing interference measurement.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes a procedure to stop interference measurements:

[0022] The management module issues an interference measurement stop command to the access control module and the baseband module; the access control module resumes scheduling the terminal's service data on the interference measurement subframe S; the baseband module stops periodically shutting down the power amplifier of the radio frequency module and stops instructing the radio frequency module to perform interference measurement; the management module stops displaying the interference status.

[0023] Furthermore, in S1, the resources that are not configured for any terminal to be periodically issued or reported include:

[0024] The base station periodically sends NZP-CSI-RS and CSI-IM resources to avoid the interference measurement subframe S; the user periodically reports SR and CSI-Report resources to avoid the interference measurement subframe S.

[0025] Furthermore, in S3, the duration for which the baseband module disables the power amplifier of the RF module on the interference measurement subframe S is the duration of the interference measurement subframe S, and the power amplifier is immediately enabled after the duration ends.

[0026] Furthermore, the management module displays the interference power spectrum of each frequency point on the base station's operating bandwidth in the form of received power, measured in dBm.

[0027] Furthermore, the duration of the period T and the interference measurement subframe S is pre-configured or dynamically adjusted by the management module.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] This invention provides a system and method for dynamically measuring 5G spectrum interference. By deploying a management module, access control module, radio resource management module, baseband module, and radio frequency (RF) module within a 5G base station, the RF resource management module pre-reserves an interference measurement subframe S. On this subframe, no terminal is configured to periodically send or report resources. After the management module issues a start command, the access control module periodically does not schedule service data on subframe S. The baseband module shuts down the RF power amplifier with the same period T and instructs the RF module to perform interference measurement across the full operating bandwidth. The measured frequency domain data is reported to the management module and displayed as received power. During non-measurement subframe times, normal scheduling and power amplifier enabling are restored, without affecting user services. This solution eliminates the need for additional handheld spectrum analyzers or other dedicated equipment and enables real-time online measurement without shutting down the base station, reducing interference troubleshooting time from several days to minutes. Furthermore, it measures clean external interference rather than aliased signals, providing accurate data for subsequent intelligent anti-interference optimization and significantly improving the convenience and flexibility of 5G network operation and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a logic block diagram of a system embodiment for dynamically measuring 5G spectrum interference according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the startup process of a system embodiment for dynamically measuring 5G spectrum interference according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a measurement flowchart of a system embodiment for dynamically measuring 5G spectrum interference according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of an embodiment of the method for dynamically measuring 5G spectrum interference according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments:

[0035] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0036] Example 1

[0037] Example 1 is attached. Figure 1 As shown, a system for dynamically measuring 5G spectrum interference includes a management module, an access control module, a radio resource management module, a baseband module, and a radio frequency module installed inside a 5G base station.

[0038] The management module communicates with the access control module and the baseband module via the base station's internal bus; the baseband module is connected to the radio frequency module via a digital intermediate frequency interface and a control line; the radio resource management module communicates with the access control module and the baseband module via an internal signaling channel.

[0039] For details, see attached. Figure 2 Appendix Figure 3 As shown, the management module serves as the interface unit for human-machine interaction or network management systems, used to issue interference measurement start or stop commands to the access control module and baseband module. In actual deployments, the management module can be a functional entity of the base station's local maintenance terminal or a remote network management center.

[0040] The radio resource management module is responsible for the configuration and scheduling of radio resources. In this embodiment, the radio resource management module pre-reserves a dedicated interference measurement subframe S. The time domain length of subframe S is one time slot or one subframe, which can be flexibly set according to the system configuration. On subframe S, the radio resource management module does not configure any resources that need to be periodically transmitted or reported for any terminal. When configuring base station-level periodically transmitted resources such as NZP-CSI-RS resources and CSI-IM resources, it ensures that their time domain positions avoid subframe S; during user access, periodically reported resources configured for users, such as SR resources and CSI-Report resources, also avoid subframe S. This measure ensures that during subframe S, there are no reference signals actively transmitted by the base station on the air interface, nor are there uplink signals periodically transmitted by the terminal, thus creating conditions for measuring clean external interference.

[0041] The access control module is responsible for user access and service scheduling. Upon receiving an interference measurement start command from the management module, the access control module, according to a preset period T, does not schedule any terminal service data on the interference measurement subframe S within each period. That is, no uplink authorization is allocated and no downlink data is sent on subframe S. At other times outside of the interference measurement subframe S, the access control module resumes its normal scheduling strategy, without affecting the user's service experience. Upon receiving an interference measurement stop command, the access control module resumes its ability to schedule terminal service data on subframe S.

[0042] The baseband module serves as the core unit for measurement execution. Upon receiving the interference measurement start command from the management module, the baseband module performs the following operations during each interference measurement subframe S, with the same period T as the access control module: First, the baseband module shuts down the power amplifier of the RF module via a control signal, putting the RF front-end into a silent receiving state to prevent the base station's own transmit signal from coupling back to the receiving channel and interfering with the measurement results. Then, the baseband module instructs the RF module to perform full-bandwidth interference measurement on the base station's operating bandwidth, for example, sampling the received power of each resource block on a 100MHz bandwidth. After the measurement is completed, the baseband module reports the raw frequency domain data (such as the received power spectrum of each resource block) to the management module through an internal interface. Simultaneously, according to the interference measurement stop command, the baseband module stops the periodic shutdown of the power amplifier and restores the power amplifier to its normal enabled state.

[0043] The radio frequency (RF) module includes an RF transceiver and a power amplifier circuit. Following the instructions of the baseband module, the RF module disables the power amplifier during the interference measurement subframe S, uses the receiving channel to collect interference signals across the full operating bandwidth, and transmits the I / Q data or power spectrum to the baseband module. During non-interference measurement subframes S, the RF module normally enables the power amplifier to ensure normal uplink and downlink transmission and reception.

[0044] The management module also features data processing and display capabilities. After receiving frequency domain data reported by the baseband module, the management module calibrates and performs power conversion, displaying the interference spectrum on the base station's operating bandwidth in dBm format on a graphical interface. When interference measurement ceases, the management module stops refreshing the display and can save historical data for subsequent analysis.

[0045] Furthermore, both the period T and the duration of the interference measurement subframe S are configurable parameters. In this embodiment, the duration of the interference measurement subframe S can be configured to 1 millisecond, 2 milliseconds, or a time slot length, with a typical value of 1 millisecond; the period T can be configured to 100 milliseconds, 500 milliseconds, or 1 second, with a typical value of 1 second. System administrators can dynamically adjust these parameters according to changes in the interference environment, for example, shortening the period T during periods of frequent interference to obtain denser measurement samples.

[0046] Through the above system, 5G base stations can dynamically measure clean external interference across the entire bandwidth in real time without interrupting services or requiring additional equipment, providing a reliable basis for subsequent interference localization and intelligent anti-interference optimization.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] Example 2 is attached. Figure 4 As shown, a method for dynamically measuring 5G spectrum interference is applied in 5G base stations. The method includes a measurement start procedure and a measurement stop procedure, and the specific steps are as follows.

[0049] S1: Reserving an Interference Measurement Subframe. The base station's radio resource management module reserves an interference measurement subframe S, and no resources requiring periodic transmission or reporting are configured for any terminal on subframe S. Specifically, when configuring base station-level periodic transmission resources, the radio resource management module ensures that the time-domain positions of NZP-CSI-RS and CSI-IM avoid subframe S; during user access, the time-domain positions of the periodic reporting resources SR and CSI-Report configured for the user also avoid subframe S. For example, if subframe S corresponds to system frame number SFN mod period = offset, then the starting position of all periodic resources should not fall within this subframe. In this embodiment, the time-domain position of subframe S can be selected as subframe 5 of each radio frame, with a duration of 1 millisecond.

[0050] S2: Issue measurement start command. The base station's management module simultaneously issues an interference measurement start command to both the access control module and the baseband module. This command carries parameters: the measurement period T and the identifier of the subframe S. To ensure synchronization, the management module can use broadcasting or separate transmission to ensure that the two modules begin periodic operation on the same time reference. In this embodiment, T is set to 1 second, meaning that a measurement is performed every 1 second.

[0051] S3: Perform periodic silence and measurement. The access control module periodically does not schedule terminal service data during interference measurement subframes S. Specifically, at the start boundary of subframe S in each period, the access control module suspends all downlink data allocation and uplink authorization, and does not send scheduling instructions to any user. Simultaneously, the baseband module performs the following operations during the same interference measurement subframe S with the same period T: disables the power amplifier of the RF module and instructs the RF module to perform full-bandwidth interference measurement on the base station's operating bandwidth. The duration for which the baseband module disables the RF module's power amplifier during interference measurement subframe S is equal to the duration of subframe S, which is 1 millisecond in this embodiment. After this duration ends, the baseband module immediately restores the power amplifier enable to ensure normal transmission and reception in subsequent subframes. With the power amplifier disabled, the RF module uses the receive link to sample the power of all physical resource blocks within the operating bandwidth, obtaining the Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) for each resource block. This value mainly reflects the external interference power, since there is no signal transmission and no terminal uplink signal in this cell.

[0052] S4: Report and display interference data. The baseband module packages the frequency domain data (i.e., the RSSI value of each resource block) measured in step S3 and reports it to the management module. To reduce transmission overhead, differential compression can be used, or only interference frequencies exceeding a threshold can be reported. After receiving the raw data, the management module performs necessary calibrations, such as subtracting receive link gain and temperature compensation, and converts it into absolute received power in dBm. The management module plots the interference power spectrum over the base station's operating bandwidth on a graphical interface, using received power in dBm units, for example, a curve with frequency points on the x-axis and power on the y-axis. Maintenance personnel can intuitively see which frequency bands have strong interference.

[0053] S5: Resume normal scheduling. During the remaining time outside of the non-interference measurement subframe S (i.e., excluding the specific subframe S in each cycle), the access control module schedules the terminal's service data normally. The baseband module enables the RF module's power amplifier and does not instruct the RF module to perform interference measurements. This ensures that the measurement has minimal impact on user services: only a 1-millisecond scheduling opportunity is lost in each 1-second cycle, resulting in a service throughput loss of less than one-thousandth. Furthermore, because the interference measurement subframe S is very short, users will hardly perceive any service interruption.

[0054] Measurement Stop Procedure. When the administrator deems it unnecessary to continue monitoring interference, they issue an interference measurement stop command to the access control module and baseband module via the management module. Upon receiving the command, the access control module resumes scheduling terminal service data on the interference measurement subframe S, meaning it no longer intentionally skips subframe S and allows normal resource allocation on that subframe. Upon receiving the command, the baseband module stops periodically shutting down the power amplifier of the RF module and stops sending interference measurement instructions to the RF module; the power amplifier remains enabled. The management module stops refreshing the interference status display and may display a message indicating "Measurement stopped."

[0055] Furthermore, the duration of the period T and the interference measurement subframe S are not fixed and can be pre-configured or dynamically adjusted by the management module according to actual needs. For example, when the base station detects an increase in the bit error rate or receives an external interference alarm, the management module can automatically adjust the period T from 1 second to 100 milliseconds to achieve adaptive encrypted measurement; when the interference environment stabilizes, T can be adjusted back to a larger value to reduce processing overhead.

[0056] The method in this embodiment is implemented within the 5G base station itself, requiring no external equipment such as a handheld spectrum analyzer, no base station shutdown, and minimal impact on user services. It also measures clean external interference, providing a high-quality data foundation for interference localization and anti-interference algorithms. Real-world testing shows that this method can reduce interference troubleshooting time from several days to minutes, significantly improving network operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for dynamically measuring 5G spectrum interference, characterized in that: It includes a management module, an access control module, a radio resource management module, a baseband module, and a radio frequency module, all installed within a 5G base station. The management module is communicatively connected to both the access control module and the baseband module, the baseband module is communicatively connected to the radio frequency module, and the radio resource management module is communicatively connected to both the access control module and the baseband module. The management module is used to issue interference measurement start command or interference measurement stop command to the access control module and the baseband module; The wireless resource management module is used to reserve an interference measurement subframe S, and on the interference measurement subframe S, it does not configure any terminal with resources that need to be periodically sent or reported. The access control module is used to periodically not schedule the terminal's service data on the interference measurement subframe S according to the received interference measurement start command, and to resume scheduling the terminal's service data on the interference measurement subframe S according to the interference measurement stop command. The baseband module is used to, according to the received interference measurement start command, turn off the power amplifier of the radio frequency module at the same period T on the interference measurement subframe S, and instruct the radio frequency module to perform interference measurement on the base station operating bandwidth, and report the measured frequency domain data to the management module; and according to the interference measurement stop command, stop turning off the power amplifier of the radio frequency module and stop instructing the radio frequency module to perform interference measurement. The radio frequency module is used to turn off the power amplifier and perform full-bandwidth interference measurement on the interference measurement subframe S as instructed by the baseband module, and to enable the power amplifier during the non-interference measurement subframe S.

2. The system for dynamically measuring 5G spectrum interference according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the wireless resource management module reserves the interference measurement subframe S, the periodic resource distribution at the base station level and the periodic resource reporting at the user level are configured to avoid the interference measurement subframe S. The periodically distributed resources include NZP-CSI-RS resources and CSI-IM resources, and the periodically reported resources include SR resources and CSI-Report resources.

3. The system for dynamically measuring 5G spectrum interference according to claim 2, characterized in that: The management module is also used to process the received frequency domain data and display the interference situation on the base station's operating bandwidth in the form of received power in dBm; and to stop displaying the interference situation after the interference measurement stops.

4. The system for dynamically measuring 5G spectrum interference according to claim 1, characterized in that: The duration of both the period T and the interference measurement subframe S are configurable parameters; the duration of the interference measurement subframe S is in the millisecond range, and the period T is in the second or millisecond range.

5. A method for dynamically measuring 5G spectrum interference, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1: The radio resource management module of the base station reserves an interference measurement subframe S, and on the interference measurement subframe S, no resources that need to be periodically sent or reported are configured for any terminal; S2: The base station's management module sends an interference measurement start command to the access control module and the baseband module; S3: The access control module periodically does not schedule the terminal's service data on the interference measurement subframe S; the baseband module turns off the power amplifier of the radio frequency module on the interference measurement subframe S with the same period T, and instructs the radio frequency module to perform interference measurement on the base station's operating bandwidth. S4: The baseband module reports the measured frequency domain data to the management module, and the management module processes and displays the interference situation on the working bandwidth; S5: At other times during non-interference measurement subframe S, the access control module normally schedules the terminal's service data, and the baseband module enables the power amplifier of the radio frequency module, without performing interference measurement.

6. The method for dynamically measuring 5G spectrum interference according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a procedure to stop interference measurement: The management module issues an interference measurement stop command to the access control module and the baseband module; the access control module resumes scheduling the terminal's service data on the interference measurement subframe S; the baseband module stops periodically shutting down the power amplifier of the radio frequency module and stops instructing the radio frequency module to perform interference measurement; the management module stops displaying the interference status.

7. The method for dynamically measuring 5G spectrum interference according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S1, the resources that are not configured for any terminal to be periodically distributed or reported include: The base station periodically sends NZP-CSI-RS and CSI-IM resources to avoid the interference measurement subframe S; the user periodically reports SR and CSI-Report resources to avoid the interference measurement subframe S.

8. The method for dynamically measuring 5G spectrum interference according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S3, the duration for which the baseband module disables the power amplifier of the RF module on the interference measurement subframe S is the duration of the interference measurement subframe S, and the power amplifier is immediately enabled after the duration ends.

9. A method for dynamically measuring 5G spectrum interference according to claim 8, characterized in that: The management module displays the interference power spectrum of each frequency point on the base station's operating bandwidth in the form of received power, measured in dBm.

10. A method for dynamically measuring 5G spectrum interference according to claim 9, characterized in that: The duration of the period T and the interference measurement subframe S is pre-configured or dynamically adjusted by the management module.

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