Electronic circuit board and brush holder assembly and electric machine having such an electronic circuit board

Abstract

The invention relates to an electronic circuit board (10) and a brush holder assembly (50) and an electric machine comprising such an electronic circuit board, said electronic circuit board having a first surface (21) galvanically isolated from a second surface (22) by means of an isolation layer (24), and said first surface (21) being equipped with first electronic components (31), and said second surface (22) being equipped with second electronic components (32), wherein said first surface (21) is operable at a first voltage level, and said second surface (22) is operable at a second voltage level, said second voltage level being different from said first voltage level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an electronic circuit board according to the class of independent claims, a brush holder component containing such an electronic circuit board, and a motor. Background Technology

[0002] A plug module for an electric drive unit is known from DE 10 2011 079 377 A1. This plug module is fastened to a brush holder member. Here, the plug component and electronic components are connected to a circuit board extending into the rotor shaft region. Here, the electronic components can be designed as a rotational position sensor, which works in conjunction with a signal generator on the rotor shaft. This rotational position sensor typically operates at a 12V automotive voltage. A disadvantage is that this plug module cannot be used for motors operating at voltages higher than 12V. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Advantages of this invention: In contrast, the advantage of the device according to the invention, which features the features of the independent claims, is that by using an electronic circuit board with different voltage levels applied to two opposing surfaces, the comfort drive system can operate fully even in the presence of two different on-board electrical grid voltages in a motor vehicle. Thus, electronic components designed for different operating voltages can be operated using a single circuit board and a single connector.

[0004] The measures listed in the dependent claims enable advantageous modifications and improvements to the embodiments specified in the independent claims. Particularly advantageously, this allows for the use of two available vehicle electrical grid voltages for different electronic components in vehicles, for example, those with a 12V vehicle electrical grid and those with a higher voltage, such as 24V or 48V, without requiring two different circuit boards and / or two different connectors.

[0005] For example, sensor elements for detecting the rotational position of the rotor shaft can be arranged as first electronic components on one surface of a circuit board. These sensor elements typically operate with a 12V automotive electrical grid. The sensor can be designed, in particular, as one or more Hall effect sensors that work in conjunction with a magnetic signal generator on the rotor shaft.

[0006] The circuit board can be equipped with electromagnetic interference suppression components on its second surface, which preferably operate at the same voltage level as the motor voltage. In newer vehicles, the motor voltage can be, for example, approximately 24V or approximately 48V. In particular, interference suppression capacitors and / or varistors and / or diodes can be constructed to reduce the EMV emissions (electromagnetic compatibility) of the motor.

[0007] Preferably, the circuit board is constructed in a shape that deviates from a rectangle. Preferably, two arms can be constructed on the circuit board, which can be arranged circumferentially around the rotor shaft, or around the bearing clamping device of the rotor shaft. Here, these two arms are arranged, for example, at an angle of less than 90° to each other, tangentially relative to the rotor shaft, or connected to each other in an arc. This allows for optimal utilization of the structural space on the brush holder member for the arrangement and contact of the circuit board.

[0008] Of particular advantage, this electronic circuit board can be mounted in a brush holder component for energizing a DC motor. Therefore, electrically sliding contacts, especially brushes, are arranged at the brush holder component, which conductively abut against a commutator arranged on the rotor shaft. Here, the brush holder component has a particularly integrally molded connector, which has connecting pins for the brushes on one hand and connecting pins for two different voltage levels on a first and second surface of the electronic circuit board on the other.

[0009] The brush holder component has a substantially flat base surface that extends from the connector plug through a radial connecting plate to the bearing end cap region. At least one base element protrudes axially from this base surface, which is arranged transversely to the rotor shaft, and a circuit board is disposed on this base element. Advantageously, contact pins, preferably injection-molded in plastic, are arranged in the base element, and these contact pins directly engage electrically with corresponding receiving portions in the circuit board. Here, for example, it is possible to supply a first voltage level to the lower surface and a different second voltage level to the upper surface. If the circuit board is supported, for example, on at least two base elements having the same axial extension, the circuit board extends approximately parallel to the base surface of the brush holder component.

[0010] Particularly advantageously, the brush retainer component also supports the rotor shaft, such that a bearing receiving portion extends axially from the base surface to receive the rotor bearing. For example, the spherical crown bearing of the rotor shaft can be pressed between resilient clamping tabs that extend axially away from the base surface. The bearing receiving portion can also be configured as a bearing housing that surrounds the rotor bearing over the main circumferential portion. Advantageously, a signal generator on the rotor shaft is arranged axially between the rotor bearing and the commutator, such that two arms of the circuit board surround the bearing receiving portion over a portion of the circumference. Here, the two arms are preferably arranged tangentially to the bearing receiving portion and therefore also tangentially to the rotor shaft, wherein the two arms are arranged at an angle greater than 30° and less than 100°, for example, about 90°, relative to each other.

[0011] In another embodiment, the circuit board is constructed approximately in a rectangular shape, as this is more advantageous in manufacturing. Here, the circuit board is oriented substantially parallel to the armature shaft, such that the first surface, along with the sensor elements, faces the signal generator on the armature shaft. On the second surface facing away from the armature shaft, anti-interference components are arranged, which are electrically connected to the brushes.

[0012] To construct the motor more compatible with electromagnetic interference (EMV) radiation, electronic components designed as anti-interference devices are arranged on the second surface of the electronic circuit board. These electronic components operate at, for example, a higher voltage level than the sensor components on the first surface. In particular, the anti-interference devices are capable of operating at the same voltage as that used to energize the brushes. Here, the anti-interference elements are arranged axially on the axially facing surface of the circuit board towards the brushes, and thus axially between the base surface of the circuit board and the brush holder member. Preferably, the anti-interference elements also include anti-interference capacitors, which at least reduce EMV radiation and EMV introduction.

[0013] To detect the rotational position of the rotor shaft, a sensor element is arranged on the radial edge of the circuit board directly facing the rotor shaft. This minimizes the distance relative to the rotor shaft and to the signal generator arranged on it, thereby improving the reliability of rotor position detection. Rotor position detection can be used, for example, to determine the position of a component to be adjusted. Preferably, the sensor element is arranged on the axial surface of the circuit board opposite to the brushes.

[0014] To achieve more reliable rotor position detection, a radial through-hole is advantageously constructed in the bearing housing, so that no obstructing material is placed between the rotational position sensor and the signal generator on the rotor shaft. For example, if a Hall sensor is used, it can detect the magnetic field passing through the radial through-hole from a generator magnet, such as a ring magnet, arranged on the rotor shaft.

[0015] Anti-interference chokes can be arranged on the brush holder components in a space-saving manner between the base surface and the circuit board. These anti-interference chokes are electrically connected to the brush on one hand and to the connecting pin on the other hand, so as to reduce electromagnetic interference during motor operation.

[0016] Preferably, the brush retainer component has a plastic injection-molded base that integrally extends from the connector plug via a radial connecting plate to the bearing end cap region. The base has a substantially flat base surface on its side facing away from the motor housing. An axial through-hole for the rotor shaft is formed in the bearing end cap region, and a bearing receiving portion or bearing cover is also formed around this axial through-hole. This bearing receiving portion can also be integrally constructed with the brush retainer base. Since the bearing receiving portion is constructed as a bearing end cap at the brush retainer component, this bearing end cap is mounted to the axially open motor housing, in which the rotor shaft is supported at a first end.

[0017] The brush holder component according to the invention is advantageously used in motors designed as DC motors and preferably in motor vehicles, for example as a comfort drive device for adjusting window glass, sliding sunroofs, or seat components. Here, the brush holder component is arranged axially between an open pole housing and an opposing transmission housing, wherein the rotor shaft extends axially from the pole housing through an axial hole in the brush holder component into the transmission housing. Within the pole housing, a rotor base with electrical windings is arranged on the rotor shaft, these windings being electrically connected to and energized by a commutator. Within the transmission housing, an output element, preferably a worm shaft, is arranged on the rotor shaft, which meshes with a corresponding transmission gear. Here, output torque is provided at the transmission housing, for example for adjusting movable parts in the motor vehicle. Here, the position of the part to be adjusted can be advantageously and continuously determined precisely by means of sensor elements on one surface of an electronic circuit board. Permanent magnets are preferably arranged in the pole housing, which cause the rotor with the energized electrical windings to rotate. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments according to the present invention, which are described in detail below. Wherein: Figure 1 A top view of the first brush holder component according to the present invention is shown. Figure 2 A bottom view of the first brush holder component according to the invention is shown, and Figure 3 and Figure 4 Two other embodiments of the brush holder component according to the present invention are shown. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Figure 1 and Figure 2A brush holder component 50 is shown, which is used, for example, in a DC motor 15 of a window regulator or seat adjustment device in a motor vehicle. An electronic circuit board 10 is arranged on the brush holder component 50, by means of which various electronic functions of the DC motor 15 can be realized. The electronic circuit board 10 has a first surface 21 on which a first set of electronic components 31 are arranged. A second surface 22 is disposed opposite to it, on which a second set of electronic components 32 are correspondingly arranged. The first and second surfaces 21, 22 are electrically isolated from each other by an electrically insulating isolation layer 24. The isolation layer 24 between the first surface 21 and the second surface 22 is constructed, for example, a conventional ceramic substrate, and electrical conductor circuits for the first and second electronic components 31, 32 are correspondingly arranged on the two surfaces 21, 22. Here, the electronic circuit board 10 is designed such that a first voltage level is applied to the first surface 21 and a second voltage level is applied to the second surface 22. Therefore, the first electronic component 31 can operate at a different voltage than the second electronic component 32. Figure 1 In this design, for example, the first electronic component 31 is designed as a sensor element 33 located on a first surface 21, where the first surface is... Figure 1 Pointing upwards. Here, sensor element 33 can operate, for example, at a voltage of approximately 12V, which corresponds to the typical voltage level of a vehicle battery (12V). A second electronic component 32 is arranged here, for example, as an anti-interference element 34, on the second surface 22, which is... Figure 1 Pointing downwards and in Figure 2The interference suppression element 34 is more easily seen in the middle. Here, the interference suppression element 34 has, for example, an interference suppression capacitor 36, and the second group of electronic components 32 operates, for example, at a voltage level of about 24V or about 48V. Here, the electronic circuit board 10 is designed such that all electronic components 31 operating at the first voltage level are arranged on the first surface 21, and all electronic components 32 operating at different second voltage levels are arranged on the second surface 22. Here, the electronic circuit board 10 is supported on the brush holder member 50 such that the two surfaces 21, 22 are in contact with different voltages. For this purpose, a receiving portion 45 for contact pins 46 is constructed at the electronic circuit board 10, which protrude, for example, from the base element 56 of the brush holder member 50. Here, the electronic circuit board 10 is directly and mechanically supported on at least one base element 56 and makes electrical contact by means of the contact pins 46. Here, a first voltage level for the first surface 21 is applied to some of the contact pins 46, while a second voltage level for the second surface 22 is applied to the other contact pins. Contact pin 46 is electrically connected to connector 54, which is integrally formed in the brush holder member 50. Here, connector 54 is connected, for example, to a region of the brush holder member 50 designed as a bearing end cap region 74 via a radial connecting plate 72. The electrical connection between contact pin 46 and connector 55 is achieved, for example, by a conductor element inserted into the connecting plate 72 or by direct injection molding of the plastic of the brush holder member 50. Figure 1 and Figure 2In this embodiment, the electronic circuit board 10 has a first arm 41 that extends tangentially relative to a clamping device 58 in which a rotor shaft 60 is received. For example, the clamping device 58 is configured as a bearing hood 59 extending axially from a bearing end cap region 74 in the axial direction 8. A rotor shaft-bearing 66, particularly a ball bearing 66, is received within the bearing hood 59. Here, at least one sensor element 33, particularly at least one Hall sensor 35, is arranged at the edge 26 of the first arm 41, which interacts with a signal generator 65 of the rotor shaft 60. For example, the signal generator 65 is configured as a ring magnet 64, the magnetic field of which is detected by the Hall sensor 35 on the electronic circuit board 10 to determine the rotational position of the rotor shaft 60. In this embodiment, the clamping device 58 for the rotor bearing 66 has a radial through-hole 57 through which the sensor element 33 can interact with the signal generator 65 of the rotor shaft 60. The electronic circuit board 10 has a second arm 42 arranged at a specific angle relative to the first arm 41. The concept is that the first arm 41 and the second arm 42 are connected such that the electronic circuit board 10 surrounds the bearing housing 59 in the circumferential direction 9 at a specific circumferential angle (e.g., approximately 90°). Therefore, the two arms 41, 42 can be connected to each other not at an angle, but also in an arc shape. A receiving portion 45 for a contact pin 46 is constructed at the free end 44 of one of the two arms 41, 42, such that the free end 44 engages with the base element 56 of the brush holder member 50. In this embodiment, a second base element 56a is constructed on the brush holder member 50, and the other free end 44a of the other arm 41 is supported on this second base element. Here, the base elements 56, 56a have a specific axial extension 96 along the axial direction 8, such that the electronic circuit board 10 is arranged at a corresponding distance 96 relative to the base surface 55, which extends transversely to the rotor shaft 60. In this axial structural space between the electronic circuit board 10 and the base surface 55, for example, a brush 52 is arranged, which makes electrical contact with the commutator 62 arranged on the rotor shaft 60. The brush 52 is, for example, arranged in a brush holder 92 and pressed against the commutator 62 in the radial direction 7 by a spring element 93. Figure 2 It is easier to see in the middle. The brush 52 is electrically connected to the anti-interference choke 53, which is also arranged axially between the electronic circuit board and the base surface 55 of the brush holder member 50. The anti-interference choke 53 here extends, for example, along its longitudinal axis 87 in the axial direction 8 and has a length approximately equal to the distance 96, which is given in advance, particularly by the base 56. The brush 52 is then connected to the connector 54 via the anti-interference choke 53 and, for example, to the second surface 22 (here in Figure 2The second electronic component 32 (visible from below) operates at the same voltage level, specifically 48V. Here, the motor current for the brush 52 is directed from the circuit board 10 through the conductor element 51 to the anti-interference choke 53 and from the anti-interference choke to the brush 52. Anti-interference elements 34 are arranged here, for example, as the second electronic component 32, to improve the electromagnetic compatibility (EMV emission) of the motor 15. Anti-interference elements 34 are designed, for example, as anti-interference capacitors 36, anti-interference varistors, or anti-interference diodes, to operate at the second voltage level, preferably a higher voltage level, as the electronic component 32.

[0020] The brush retainer assembly 50 is axially positioned onto the motor housing 80 with its bearing end cap region 74, wherein the rotor shaft 60 extends from the motor housing 80 through an axial hole 61 in the base surface 55 into a clamping device 58 for the rotor bearing 66. Specifically, a first seal 78 is arranged between the bearing end cap region 74 and the motor housing 80 to seal the stator and the rotor body arranged on the rotor shaft 60 outwards. The transmission housing 82 is axially positioned above the brush retainer assembly 50, thus the rotor shaft 60 extends into the transmission housing with its output element 68. A worm gear drive mechanism is arranged in the transmission housing 82, for example, wherein the worm 68 arranged on the rotor shaft 60 meshes with a worm gear supported in the transmission housing 82. A second seal 79 is arranged between the transmission housing 82 and the bearing end cap region 74 to seal the entire internal space of the motor 15 outwards. The connector 54 is constructed, for example, by bending from the base surface 55, such that the connector pins extend in the axial direction 8. Within the connector sheath 94, connector pins for motor current are arranged, as well as connector pins for a first voltage level and a second voltage level on the first surface 21 and the second surface 22 of the electronic circuit board 10. Preferably, the brushes are applied with the same voltage level as the anti-interference element 34.

[0021] exist Figure 3Another embodiment is shown, in which the electronic circuit board 10 extends approximately parallel to the rotor shaft 60. Here, the electronic circuit board 10 is constructed approximately rectangularly, with the first surface 21, along with the first electronic components 31, pointing toward the rotor shaft 60. Here, for example, at least one sensor element 33, especially a Hall sensor 35, is positioned radially adjacent to the annular magnet 64 arranged on the rotor shaft 60. Here, a radial through-hole 57 is constructed in the bearing housing 59, through which the sensor 33 acquires the generator signal of the rotor shaft 60. Correspondingly, the second surface 22, along with the second electronic components 32, points away from the rotor shaft 60, where an anti-interference element 34 is preferably arranged. The anti-interference element 34 is further connected to the brush 52 via an anti-interference choke 53, which extends radially in its longitudinal direction 87, preferably along the longitudinal direction 11 of the electronic circuit board 10. Here, the current supply to the brush 52 is directed from the connector 54 to the circuit board 10, and from there through the conductor element 51 to the anti-interference choke 53, and from the anti-interference choke to the brush 52. The electronic circuit board 10 is oriented approximately parallel to the radial connecting plate 72 in the radial direction 7, such that the longitudinal direction 11 of the electronic circuit board 10 preferably points toward the connector 54. In this embodiment, the contact pin 46 extends from the base 56 in the tangential direction 9 and is correspondingly inserted into the receiving portion 45 of the electronic circuit board 10 in the tangential direction 9.

[0022] According to Figure 4 In another embodiment of the brush holder component 50, the electronic circuit board 10 is also oriented approximately parallel to the rotor shaft 60. However, in this case, the longitudinal direction 11 of the circuit board 10 extends approximately transversely to the radial direction of the connecting plate 72. In this case, the contact pin 46 protrudes from the base element 56 along the radial direction 7 of the connecting plate 72. The anti-interference choke 53 is arranged according to... Figure 1 The embodiment extends along the axial direction 8. Here, to provide sufficient structural space for the electronic circuit board 10, the clamping device 58 for the rotor bearing 66 has only one axial protrusion 88, which extends axially from the base surface 55 of the bearing end cap region 74. Here, the axial protrusion 88 is arranged radially on the opposite side of the axial hole 61 in the base surface 55, such that the rotor shaft 60 together with its signal generator 65 is arranged radially between the first surface 21 of the electronic circuit board 10 and the axial protrusion 88. In this case, resilient clamping fingers 98 are constructed at the axial ends of the axial protrusion 88, which receive the rotor bearing 66, especially the ball bearing, on its periphery. In this case, the second surface 22 together with the anti-interference element 34 points away from the rotor shaft 60 and toward the radial connecting plate 72.

[0023] It should be noted that, regarding the embodiments shown in the drawings and description, various combinations of features are possible. Thus, for example, the specific shape and size of the electronic circuit board 10 and its support method on the brush holder member 50 can vary, particularly to adapt to the rotor shaft-support method and available structural space in the brush holder member 50. The electronic circuit board 10 can also be arranged laterally, parallel, or obliquely relative to the rotor shaft 60 on the brush holder member 50. Similarly, the specific design and quantity of the first and second electronic components 31, 32, and their different voltage levels on the first and second surfaces 21, 22, can be adapted to the requirements of the motor 15 and its manufacturing feasibility. This invention is particularly suitable for use in DC motors 15 designed as internal rotors, especially for the rotational drive of components or the adjustment of movable parts in motor vehicles, but is not limited to this application.

Claims

1. An electronic circuit board (10), particularly for an electric motor, the electronic circuit board having a first surface (21) which is electrically isolated from a second surface (22) by means of an insulating layer (24), and the first surface (21) is equipped with a first electronic component (31), and the second surface (22) is equipped with a second electronic component (32), wherein, The first surface (21) can be manipulated at a first voltage level, and the second surface (22) can be manipulated at a second voltage level, which is different from the first voltage level.

2. The electronic circuit board (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first voltage level is approximately 12V, and the second voltage level is approximately 24V or approximately 48V.

3. The electronic circuit board (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, Sensor elements (33), particularly at least one Hall sensor (35), are arranged on the first surface (21) as first electronic components (31).

4. The electronic circuit board (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, On the second surface (22), an anti-interference element (34), particularly at least one anti-interference capacitor (36), or an anti-interference varistor or an anti-interference diode, is arranged as a second electronic component (32).

5. The electronic circuit board (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The circuit board (10) has a first arm (41) and a second arm (42) arranged at an angle or arc relative to each other, and in particular at at least one free end (44) of the first arm or the second arm (41, 42) is provided with a receiving portion (45) for contact pin (46) for contact with a first voltage level and / or a second voltage level.

6. A brush holder component (50) having an electronic circuit board (10) according to any one of the preceding claims; and having a brush (52) for energizing a rotor shaft (60) having a commutator (62); and having a connector (54) for two voltage levels for the electronic circuit board (10) and, in particular, for the brush (52).

7. The brush holder component (50) according to claim 6, having a base surface (55) that extends substantially transversely to the rotor shaft (60), and having at least one base element (56) arranged on the base surface (55), the electronic circuit board (10) being supported and electrically contacted on the base element, and in particular the electronic circuit board (10) extending along the base surface in a manner spaced apart from the base surface (55).

8. The brush holder component (50) according to any one of claims 6 or 7, having a clamping device (58) for a rotor bearing (66) extending from the base surface (55) along the rotor shaft (60), and the electronic circuit board (10) surrounding the clamping device (58) transversely to the rotor shaft (60) with two arms (41, 42) of the electronic circuit board.

9. The brush holder component (50) according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that, The brush (52) is arranged axially between the base surface (55) and the electronic circuit board (10), and the second surface (22) of the electronic circuit board (10), together with the anti-interference element (34), is axially oriented toward the brush (52).

10. The brush holder component (50) according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that, The first surface (21) of the electronic circuit board (10), together with the sensor element (33), is axially away from the brush (52), wherein the sensor element (33) is arranged at the radial edge (26) of the electronic circuit board (10) facing the rotor shaft (60).

11. The brush holder component (50) according to any one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that, The electronic circuit board (10) extends approximately parallel to the rotor shaft (60), and the longitudinal side of the circuit board (10) is oriented along or transverse to the radial connecting plate (72), and in particular, the electronic circuit board (10) is substantially rectangular in construction.

12. The brush holder component (50) according to any one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that, The clamping device (58) is configured as a bearing cover (59) for a ball bearing, and the bearing cover (59) has a radial through-hole (57) in the peripheral region where the sensor element (33) is arranged, through which the sensor element (33) can interact with a signal generator (65), and in particular annular magnet (64), arranged on the rotor shaft (60).

13. The brush holder component (50) according to any one of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that, The brush (52) is connected to the connector (54) via an anti-interference choke (53), wherein the anti-interference choke (53) is arranged axially between the base surface (55) and the electronic circuit board (10).

14. The brush holder component (50) according to any one of claims 6 to 13, characterized in that, The connector (54) is connected to the bearing end cap region (74) via a radial connecting plate (72), the bearing end cap region having a central axial hole (61), through which the rotor shaft (60) protrudes from the motor housing (80) and is supported in the clamping device (58), wherein, in particular, the bearing end cap region (74) is axially positioned on the motor housing (80).

15. An electric motor (15) having a brush holder member (50) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, The bearing end cap area (74) is sandwiched between the motor housing (80) and the transmission housing (82), the rotor shaft (60) extends into the transmission housing with an output element (68), wherein a stator with permanent magnets is arranged in the motor housing (80), and a rotor base with electrical windings is arranged on the rotor shaft (60), and preferably a worm gear transmission mechanism is arranged in the transmission housing (82).

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