A laser cell assembly for a Gaussian light spot

Abstract

The application discloses a laser cell assembly for a Gaussian light spot, comprising a laser cell substrate, a heat dissipation plate and a power management system, the front surface of the laser cell substrate is arranged with a laser cell array matched with the size of the light spot, the laser cell array is composed of a plurality of rectangular cell piece matrix arrangements; the laser cell array is divided into a plurality of areas by at least one straight line passing through the center point, and the cell pieces in adjacent areas are symmetrically arranged; the laser cell array is divided into a plurality of levels from inside to outside, the cell pieces in the same level have the same size, and the size of the cell pieces in the level relative to the inner layer is larger than that of the cell pieces in the level relative to the outer layer; wherein the plurality of cell pieces in the same area in each level are connected in parallel with each other, the different areas of each level are connected in series with each other, and the different levels are connected in parallel with each other; the heat dissipation plate is arranged on the back surface of the laser cell substrate; and the power management system is arranged on the back surface of the heat dissipation plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser wireless energy transmission technology, and more particularly to a laser battery assembly for a Gaussian spot. Background Technology

[0002] Laser wireless power transmission technology, with its advantages of long transmission distance, good beam directionality, and strong resistance to electromagnetic interference, has broad application prospects in fields such as space-based solar power stations, drone refueling, and emergency power supply in remote areas. Currently, it is rapidly developing towards long-distance and high-power applications, with large-area laser cell arrays being the core component for achieving efficient laser-to-electrical energy conversion. However, during long-distance transmission, the laser wavefront is distorted due to atmospheric turbulence, resulting in a Gaussian spot at the receiving end with high central irradiance and radially attenuated edge irradiance. This poses certain limitations and challenges to the conversion performance of the laser cell array.

[0003] In existing technologies, laser cell arrays are generally formed by arranging single-size cell units in a matrix. This results in poor compatibility with the shape of a circular Gaussian light spot, low array coverage, and ineffective absorption of laser energy at the edge of the spot, leading to low overall energy utilization. Furthermore, the non-uniform light intensity distribution of the Gaussian light spot causes inconsistent light intensity received by cell units at different locations, resulting in significant differences in the generated current. When connected in series, a bottleneck effect occurs, affecting not only the output power of the laser cell array but also easily inducing hot spot effects, reducing the reliability and lifespan of the device.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve at least one of the above problems, there is an urgent need for a laser cell assembly for Gaussian beams. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a laser cell assembly for Gaussian light spots, so as to at least partially solve the problems of low array coverage, poor energy utilization, severe current mismatch under non-uniform illumination, and output power attenuation in existing laser cell arrays.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: This invention provides a laser cell assembly for a Gaussian spot, comprising: A laser cell substrate, wherein a laser cell array matching the size of the light spot is arranged on the front side of the laser cell substrate, and the laser cell array is composed of multiple rectangular cell arrays arranged in a matrix. The laser cell array is divided into multiple regions by at least one straight line passing through its center point, with cell cells symmetrically arranged in adjacent regions; the laser cell array is divided into multiple layers from the inside out, with cell cells in the same layer having the same size, and cell cells in the inner layer being larger than cell cells in the outer layer; wherein, multiple cell cells in the same region of each layer are connected in parallel, different regions of each layer are connected in series, and different layers are connected in parallel. A heat sink is disposed on the back side of the laser cell substrate; and A power management system is disposed on the back of the heat sink and is electrically connected to the laser battery array for receiving and controlling the electrical energy output by the laser battery array.

[0007] Optionally, the laser cell array is divided into multiple layers from the inside out based on the energy flux density distribution of the light spot.

[0008] Optionally, the laser cell array is divided into four regions by two mutually perpendicular straight lines passing through its center point; or The laser cell array is divided into two regions by a straight line passing through its center point.

[0009] Optionally, the laser cell array is divided into at least three layers from the inside out.

[0010] Optionally, the laser cell substrate includes a first adapter plate, and the solder strips of the laser cell array are soldered to the first adapter plate.

[0011] Optionally, the laser cell substrate includes two first adapter plates, which are disposed on both sides of the laser cell array and fixedly connected to the heat sink.

[0012] Optionally, the heat sink has multiple flow channels arranged in parallel.

[0013] Optionally, the laser battery substrate is connected to the front side of the heat sink by screws, and the power management system is connected to the back side of the heat sink by screws.

[0014] Optionally, the power management system includes a soldering plate, a second adapter plate, a series-parallel board, and an MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) circuit board. The soldering plate has a soldering slot. The wires led out from the first adapter plate pass through the heat sink and are soldered to the soldering slot. The wires led out from the soldering plate are connected to the second adapter plate. The second adapter plate is electrically connected to the series-parallel board and the MPPT circuit board.

[0015] Optionally, the second adapter board is connected to the series-parallel board and the MPPT circuit board via a pluggable wiring slot.

[0016] This invention has at least one of the following technical effects: By employing a hybrid layout of multi-sized solar cells, the cell coverage rate within the Gaussian spot area can be effectively increased, reducing laser energy waste at the spot edges and significantly improving laser energy utilization. Furthermore, using rectangular solar cells to form an array reduces welding process losses, lowers substrate processing difficulty, and helps save costs. By using a gradient symmetrical electrical connection structure, batteries at the same light intensity level can form independent series branches, avoiding the bottleneck effect caused by direct series connection of batteries in different light intensity regions. This solves the problems of current mismatch and output power attenuation caused by non-uniform illumination of Gaussian light spots. At the same time, the symmetrical arrangement structure can balance the current and voltage of each branch, further improving the output stability and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the array. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a side view schematic diagram of a laser battery assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laser battery substrate provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of a laser battery array provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical connections of a laser cell array according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a heat sink provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the power management system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. Laser battery assembly; 10. Laser cell substrate; 11. Laser cell array; 12. Basic solar cells; 13. Replenish battery cells; 14. First supplementary battery cell; 15. Second supplementary battery cell; 16. First adapter board; 17. Welding strip; 20. Heat sink; 21. Flow channel; 30. Power Management System; 31. Welded plate; 32. Second adapter plate; 33. Series and parallel connecting boards; 34. MPPT circuit board; 35. Welding groove; 36. Wiring trough Detailed Implementation

[0019] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of a laser battery assembly for a Gaussian spot proposed in this invention. The advantages and features of this invention will become clearer from the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, used only to facilitate and clearly illustrate the embodiments of this invention. Please refer to the drawings to make the objectives, features, and advantages of this invention more apparent and understandable. It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and to enable those skilled in the art to understand and read them, and are not intended to limit the implementation conditions of this invention. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives achieved by this invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this invention.

[0020] This embodiment provides a laser cell assembly for a Gaussian light spot. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the laser battery assembly 100 includes a laser battery substrate 10, a heat sink 20, and a power management system 30. The heat sink 20 is disposed on the back side of the laser battery substrate 10, and the power management system 30 is disposed on the back side of the heat sink 20.

[0021] Specifically, refer to Figures 2-4 The front side of the laser cell substrate 10 has a laser cell array 11 matching the size of the laser spot. The laser cell array 11 is composed of multiple rectangular cells arranged in a matrix. The cells are attached to the surface of the laser cell substrate 10, for example, by eutectic bonding, to convert the incident laser energy into DC power.

[0022] In this embodiment, the laser cell array 11 can be divided into multiple regions by at least one straight line passing through its center point, with the cells in adjacent regions arranged symmetrically. For example, refer to... Figure 4The laser cell array 11 can be divided into four regions by a horizontal centerline and a vertical centerline that pass through its center point and are perpendicular to each other. The cells on both sides of the horizontal and vertical centerlines are arranged symmetrically to ensure that the size, number, and arrangement of the cells in each region are the same. In an embodiment not shown in the figure, the laser cell array 11 can also be divided into two symmetrical regions by a straight line (e.g., a horizontal centerline or a vertical centerline) passing through its center point to accommodate different spot shapes and array sizes.

[0023] Furthermore, as those skilled in the art will understand, the energy flux density is highest in the central region of the Gaussian spot, and gradually decreases from the inside out. Therefore, in this embodiment, based on the energy flux density distribution of the incident Gaussian spot, the laser cell array 11 can be divided into multiple layers from the inside out, with the cells in the same layer having the same size. Specifically, the size of the cells in the innermost layer is larger than the size of the cells in the outermost layer, and the cells in the outermost layer are arranged adjacent to the cells in the innermost layer.

[0024] For example, refer to Figure 4 Based on the gradient distribution characteristics of the Gaussian beam's energy flux from the center outwards, the laser cell array 11 can be divided into three annular layers, A, B, and C, from the inside out. Layer A corresponds to the high-intensity region at the center of the beam, layer B corresponds to the medium-intensity region in the middle annular layer, and layer C corresponds to the low-intensity region at the edge of the beam. In some embodiments, the number of cells in each layer can be calculated in detail based on the actual energy flux density distribution of the beam, ensuring that the cell output current matches the energy flux gradient of the Gaussian beam, thus fundamentally reducing the current mismatch problem of the cell array.

[0025] Further, refer to Figure 2-4 In the innermost A-layer, multiple base solar cells 12 of the same size are arranged. The B-layer and C-layer each have two types of supplementary solar cells 13 of different sizes, with the supplementary solar cells 13 being smaller than the base solar cells 12. In the above embodiment, the base solar cells 12 can be arranged in a regular matrix in the high-intensity region at the center of the Gaussian spot to fill most of its coverage area. Furthermore, the smaller supplementary solar cells 13 are used to fill the gap between the edge of the A-layer and the outline of the Gaussian spot. This embodiment, by employing a hybrid layout of multi-sized solar cells, can effectively increase the solar cell coverage rate within the Gaussian spot coverage area, reduce laser energy waste at the spot edge, and significantly improve laser energy utilization. Furthermore, by using rectangular solar cells to form an array, welding process losses can be reduced, substrate processing difficulty can be lowered, and costs can be saved.

[0026] Further, refer to Figure 3The supplementary solar cell 13 may include a first supplementary solar cell 14 arranged in layer B and a second supplementary solar cell 15 arranged in layer C, wherein the size of the first supplementary solar cell 14 is larger than the size of the second supplementary solar cell 15. In such an embodiment, for the gap between the edge of the base array and the Gaussian spot contour, the first supplementary solar cell 14 can be used for secondary filling and arrangement, and the remaining small blank gap can be filled and arranged tertiarily using the second supplementary solar cell 15, which is beneficial to further improve the solar cell coverage rate. It is understood that, depending on the requirements, the laser solar cell array 11 can be divided into more layers, and the supplementary solar cell 13 can also have more sizes and models.

[0027] In the above embodiments, preferably, the base battery cell 12 can be a rectangular battery cell with a size of 3cm × 4cm. The supplementary battery cell 13 can include a first supplementary battery cell 14 and a second supplementary battery cell 15, wherein the first supplementary battery cell 14 can be a square battery cell with a size of 2cm × 2cm, and the second supplementary battery cell 15 can be a square battery cell with a size of 1cm × 1cm.

[0028] Furthermore, regarding the above-mentioned division of regions and levels, the electrical connection method of the laser cell array 11 is as follows: multiple cells located in the same region in each level are connected in parallel to each other, different regions in each level are connected in series to each other, and different levels are connected in parallel to each other.

[0029] Specifically, refer to Figure 4 Taking a four-region, three-level structure as an example, the three levels are A, B, and C, and the four regions are Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4. In level A, the four regions Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 can be divided into four sub-regions: A1, A2, A3, and A4. Similarly, level B can be divided into four sub-regions: B1, B2, B3, and B4, and level C can be divided into four sub-regions: C1, C2, C3, and C4. The solar cells within each sub-region of the same level are connected in parallel. Specifically, the basic solar cells 12 in sub-region A1 are connected in parallel, the first supplementary solar cells 14 in sub-region B1 are connected in parallel, and the second supplementary solar cells 15 in sub-region C1 are connected in parallel. The same applies to the other regions. After paralleling the solar cells within a single zone, different zones within the same level can be connected in series. Specifically, zones A1, A2, A3, and A4 are connected in series to form a level A series branch; zones B1, B2, B3, and B4 are connected in series to form a level B series branch; and zones C1, C2, C3, and C4 are connected in series to form a level C series branch. After completing the series connection at each level, the series branches at levels A, B, and C can be connected in parallel to form the total output of the entire laser cell array 11.

[0030] The aforementioned gradient symmetrical electrical connection structure allows batteries at the same light intensity level to form independent series branches, avoiding the bottleneck effect caused by direct series connection of batteries in different light intensity regions. This solves the problems of current mismatch and output power attenuation caused by non-uniform illumination of Gaussian light spots. At the same time, the symmetrical arrangement structure can balance the current and voltage of each branch, further improving the output stability and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the array.

[0031] In this embodiment, reference Figure 1 The laser cell substrate 10 is fixed to the front of the heat sink 20, for example, with screws, and the power management system 30 is fixed to the back of the heat sink 20, for example, with screws. These three components form an integrated stacked structure, enabling integrated heat dissipation for the laser cell array 11 and the power management system 30. Furthermore, by designing a detachable structure with screw connections, the laser cell substrate 10 and the power management system 30 can be individually disassembled and replaced, which helps reduce equipment maintenance costs.

[0032] In this embodiment, reference Figure 2 The laser cell substrate 10 also includes a first adapter plate 16. The solder ribbons 17 leading out from the laser cell array 11 are soldered to the first adapter plate 16. The first adapter plate 16 enables low-loss lead-out of the cell electrodes and primary current charging. The wires leading out from the first adapter plate 16 can be further electrically connected to the power management system 30. The first adapter plate 16 can be fixed on the front of the heat sink 20 and located on the side of the laser cell array 11, thereby avoiding obstruction of laser incidence.

[0033] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 The laser cell substrate 10 includes two first adapter plates 16, which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the laser cell array 11 and are both fixedly connected to the front of the heat sink 20 by screws. The solder strips 17 led out from the laser cell array 11 can be horizontally soldered to the corresponding first adapter plate 16, which helps to shorten the length of the solder strips 17 and reduce the series resistance and power loss caused by long leads.

[0034] Specifically, refer to Figure 4Taking a four-region, three-level structure as an example, after the solar cells in each zone of the same level are connected in parallel, two positive and two negative solder ribbons 17 can be led out. Corresponding to the six zones on each side, 12 solder ribbons 17 can be led out and connected to the first adapter plate 16 on the corresponding side. For example, the 12 solder ribbons corresponding to zones A2, A3, B2, B3, C2, and C3 can be connected to the first adapter plate 16 on the left side of the laser solar cell substrate 10, and the 12 solder ribbons corresponding to zones A1, A4, B1, B4, C1, and C4 can be connected to the first adapter plate 16 on the right side of the laser solar cell substrate 10. The solder ribbons 17 connected to the same first adapter plate 16 can be connected in series and then two positive and two negative wires can be led out to further connect to the power management system 30.

[0035] In some embodiments, reference Figure 5 The heat sink 20 can be a water-cooled heat sink, with multiple flow channels 21 inside the plate, arranged in a parallel layout. Coolant can be introduced during operation to dissipate heat from the laser battery array 11 and the power management system 30 through convection. The front side of the heat sink 20 can be seamlessly attached to the laser battery substrate 10 to form a low thermal resistance heat dissipation path, achieving efficient heat dissipation of the laser battery array 11.

[0036] In some embodiments, the heat sink 20 may have a plurality of insulated wire holes corresponding one-to-one with the wires led out from the first adapter plate 16. The wires led out from the first adapter plate 16 can pass through the insulated wire holes and be led from the front to the back of the heat sink 20 to facilitate electrical connection to the power management system 30. The wires led out from the first adapter plate 16 are electrically isolated from the heat sink 20, which can eliminate the risk of short circuits and coolant leakage.

[0037] In this embodiment, the power management system 30 is used to receive and control the electrical energy output by the laser cell array 11, such as performing series-parallel topology configuration, maximum power point tracking, electrical protection, and stable output. Specifically, as... Figure 6 As shown, the power management system 30 includes a soldering plate 31, a second adapter plate 32, a series-parallel connection plate 33, and an MPPT circuit board 34, all fixed to the back of the heat sink 20 with screws. The soldering plate 31 has soldering slots 35 corresponding to the wires leading out from the adapter plate. Wires leading out from the first adapter plate 16 can pass through the heat sink 20 and be soldered to the corresponding soldering slots 35. Multiple soldering slots 35 in the same row are interconnected, thereby achieving row-level busing with the same polarity output in the same row. Furthermore, the busing wires leading out from the soldering plate 31 are connected to the second adapter plate 32. The second adapter plate 32, through its internal metallized circuitry, centrally integrates all row-level bus outputs, achieving electrical connection with all laser cells.

[0038] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6As shown, the second adapter board 32 is electrically connected to the series-parallel board 33 and the MPPT circuit board 34 via a pluggable wiring slot 36. By setting a pluggable connection method, the replacement of the series-parallel board 33 and the adjustment of the series-parallel topology can be completed quickly without soldering, which helps to reduce the difficulty of equipment maintenance and solution iteration, while realizing the modular assembly and disassembly of the array and back-end circuits.

[0039] In this embodiment, the series-parallel connection board 33 is used for flexible series-parallel topology configuration of the power output from each battery string. It can adjust the total output voltage and current of the array based on the incident light spot characteristics, load requirements, and the optimal input window of the MPPT circuit board 34, further optimizing the array output performance. The series-parallel connection board 33 integrates, for example, row-level bypass diodes and fast-blow fuses. When a row of battery strings experiences light spot obstruction or a fault, the bypass diodes automatically conduct to bypass the faulty string, preventing open circuits in the series circuit and damage to the battery hotspots. The fast-blow fuse quickly melts in the event of a short circuit, isolating the faulty circuit and ensuring the safe operation of the entire assembly.

[0040] In this embodiment, the MPPT circuit board 34 is used for maximum power point tracking and stabilization control of the output of the laser cell array 11. It incorporates, for example, an MCU / DSP (Microcontroller Unit / Digital Signal Processor) controller and a DC / DC (Direct Current / Direct Current) converter circuit. Through MPPT algorithms such as incremental conductance method or perturbation observation method, the output voltage and current of the array can be detected in real time, and the operating point can be dynamically adjusted to ensure the array always operates at its maximum power point, maximizing the array's photoelectric conversion capability. Simultaneously, it can convert the wide-range fluctuating DC voltage output by the array into a stable fixed DC voltage usable by the downstream load, and integrates a full set of protection functions including overvoltage, overcurrent, overtemperature, short circuit, and reverse connection protection, ensuring the stable and safe operation of the entire laser energy transfer system.

[0041] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. The terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "height," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0043] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0044] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0045] Although the present invention has been described in detail through the preferred embodiments above, it should be understood that the above description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention. Various modifications and substitutions to the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art after reading the above description. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A laser cell assembly for a Gaussian beam, characterized in that, include: A laser cell substrate, wherein a laser cell array matching the size of the light spot is arranged on the front side of the laser cell substrate, and the laser cell array is composed of multiple rectangular cell arrays arranged in a matrix. The laser cell array is divided into multiple regions by at least one straight line passing through its center point, with cell cells symmetrically arranged in adjacent regions; the laser cell array is divided into multiple layers from the inside out, with cell cells in the same layer having the same size, and cell cells in the inner layer being larger than cell cells in the outer layer; wherein, multiple cell cells in the same region of each layer are connected in parallel, different regions of each layer are connected in series, and different layers are connected in parallel. A heat sink is disposed on the back side of the laser cell substrate; and A power management system is disposed on the back of the heat sink and is electrically connected to the laser battery array for receiving and controlling the electrical energy output by the laser battery array.

2. The laser battery assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser cell array is divided into multiple layers from the inside out based on the energy flux density distribution of the light spot.

3. The laser battery assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser cell array is divided into four regions by two mutually perpendicular straight lines passing through its center point; or The laser cell array is divided into two regions by a straight line passing through its center point.

4. The laser battery assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser cell array is divided into at least three layers from the inside out.

5. The laser battery assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser cell substrate includes a first adapter plate, and the solder strips of the laser cell array are soldered to the first adapter plate.

6. The laser battery assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that, The laser cell substrate includes two first adapter plates, which are disposed on both sides of the laser cell array and fixedly connected to the heat sink.

7. The laser battery assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat sink has multiple flow channels arranged in parallel.

8. The laser battery assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser battery substrate is connected to the front of the heat sink by screws, and the power management system is connected to the back of the heat sink by screws.

9. The laser battery assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that, The power management system includes a welding plate, a second adapter plate, a series-parallel connection plate, and an MPPT circuit board. The welding plate has a welding slot. The wires led out from the first adapter plate pass through the heat sink and are welded to the welding slot. The wires led out from the welding plate are connected to the second adapter plate. The second adapter plate is electrically connected to the series-parallel connection plate and the MPPT circuit board.

10. The laser battery assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that, The second adapter board is connected to the series-parallel board and the MPPT circuit board via a pluggable wiring slot.

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