Method and apparatus for performing communication in a wireless communication system

Abstract

A method of a first apparatus and an apparatus supporting the method are provided. The method can include the steps of obtaining a random sequence, obtaining a first demodulation reference signal (DMRS) sequence based on applying a first orthogonal cover code (OCC) repeated based on a length of the first OCC to the random sequence, and obtaining a second DMRS sequence based on applying a second OCC repeated based on a length of the second OCC to the first DMRS sequence.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to wireless communication systems. Background Technology

[0002] 5G NR is the successor to LTE and a new type of mobile communication system with features such as high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, including low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, mid-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high-frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0003] 6G (wireless communication) systems aim to achieve goals such as (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) reduced power consumption of battery-less IoT devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) networked intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision for 6G systems can include four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and 6G systems can meet the requirements shown in Table 1 below. In other words, Table 1 shows the requirements for 6G systems.

[0004] [Table 1] Summary of the Invention

[0005] Technical issues

[0006] This disclosure provides a method and apparatus for efficiently providing services in a wireless communication system. Specifically, this disclosure provides a method and apparatus for communication.

[0007] Technical solution

[0008] Based on the implementation, a method performed by a first device can be provided. The method may include: obtaining a random sequence; obtaining a first demodulation reference signal (DMRS) sequence by applying a first OCC with a length repeating based on a first orthogonal cover code (OCC) to the random sequence; and obtaining a second DMRS sequence by applying a second OCC with a length repeating based on a second OCC to the first DMRS sequence.

[0009] Based on the implementation, a first apparatus may be provided. The first apparatus may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first apparatus to perform operations, the operations including: obtaining a random sequence; obtaining a first demodulation reference signal (DMRS) sequence by applying a first OCC with a length repeating based on a first orthogonal cover code (OCC) to the random sequence; and obtaining a second DMRS sequence by applying a second OCC with a length repeating based on a second OCC to the first DMRS sequence.

[0010] Based on the implementation, a processing apparatus suitable for controlling a first device can be provided. For example, the processing apparatus may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, can cause the first device to perform operations, the operations including: obtaining a random sequence; obtaining a first demodulation reference signal (DMRS) sequence by applying a first OCC with a length repeating based on a first orthogonal cover code (OCC) to the random sequence; and obtaining a second DMRS sequence by applying a second OCC with a length repeating based on a second OCC to the first DMRS sequence.

[0011] Based on the implementation, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions can be provided. The instructions, upon execution, can cause a first device to perform operations including: obtaining a random sequence; obtaining a first demodulation reference signal (DMRS) sequence by applying a first OCC, repeated for a length based on a first orthogonal cover code (OCC), to the random sequence; and obtaining a second DMRS sequence by applying a second OCC, repeated for a length based on a second OCC, to the first DMRS sequence.

[0012] Based on the implementation, a method performed by a second device can be provided. The method may include: receiving a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) on a narrowband physical uplink shared channel (NPUSCH). For example, the DMRS may be based on a second DMRS sequence. For example, the second DMRS sequence may be obtained by applying a second OCC with length repetition based on a second OCC to a first DMRS sequence. For example, the first DMRS sequence may be obtained by applying a first OCC with length repetition based on a first OCC to a random sequence.

[0013] Based on the implementation, a second apparatus can be provided. The second apparatus may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, can cause the second apparatus to perform operations including: receiving a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) on a narrowband physical uplink shared channel (NPUSCH). For example, the DMRS may be based on a second DMRS sequence. For example, the second DMRS sequence may be obtained by applying a second OCC with length repetition based on a second OCC to a first DMRS sequence. For example, the first DMRS sequence may be obtained by applying a first OCC with length repetition based on a first OCC to a random sequence.

[0014] Based on the implementation, a processing apparatus suitable for controlling a second device can be provided. The processing apparatus may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, can cause the second device to perform operations, including: receiving a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) on a narrowband physical uplink shared channel (NPUSCH). For example, the DMRS may be based on a second DMRS sequence. For example, the second DMRS sequence may be obtained by applying a second OCC with a length repeating based on a second OCC to a first DMRS sequence. For example, the first DMRS sequence may be obtained by applying a first OCC with a length repeating based on a first OCC to a random sequence.

[0015] Based on the implementation, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions can be provided. These instructions, upon execution, can cause a second device to perform operations including: receiving a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) on a narrowband physical uplink shared channel (NPUSCH). For example, the DMRS may be based on a second DMRS sequence. For example, the second DMRS sequence may be obtained by applying a second OCC with length repetition based on a second OCC to a first DMRS sequence. For example, the first DMRS sequence may be obtained by applying a first OCC with length repetition based on a first OCC to a random sequence.

[0016] Beneficial effects

[0017] This disclosure provides a method and apparatus for efficiently providing services in a wireless communication system. For example, communication can be performed efficiently through the embodiments proposed in this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 The present disclosure illustrates a communication architecture that may be provided in a 6G system based on an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 2 The electromagnetic spectrum is shown based on embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 3 Examples of typical NTN scenarios based on transparent payloads, based on embodiments of this disclosure, are shown.

[0021] Figure 4 Examples of typical NTN scenarios based on regenerative payloads, based on embodiments of this disclosure, are shown.

[0022] Figure 5 An example of sensing operation based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0023] Figure 6 The structure of a time slot for a frame based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0024] Figure 7 An example of a BWP based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0025] Figure 8 This illustrates a process by which a UE performs V2X or SL communication based on a resource allocation mode, according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0026] Figure 9 An uplink resource grid for NB-IoT based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0027] Figure 10 A random access symbol group based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0028] Figure 11 The present disclosure illustrates a process related to DMRS based on an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0029] Figure 12 A method for performing wireless communication by a first device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0030] Figure 13 A method for performing wireless communication by a second device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0031] Figure 14 A communication system 1 based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0032] Figure 15 A wireless device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0033] Figure 16A signal processing circuit for transmitting signals based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0034] Figure 17 Another example of a wireless device based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0035] Figure 18 A handheld device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0036] Figure 19 The vehicle or autonomous vehicle shown is based on an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0037] In this disclosure, "A or B" may mean "A only", "B only", or "both A and B". For example, in this disclosure, "A or B" may be interpreted as "A and / or B". For example, in this disclosure, "A, B or C" may mean "A only", "B only", "C only", or "any combination of A, B and C".

[0038] The forward slash ( / ) or comma used in this disclosure can mean "and / or". For example, "A / B" can mean "A and / or B". Therefore, "A / B" can mean "A only", "B only", or "both A and B". For example, "A, B, C" can mean "A, B, or C".

[0039] In this disclosure, "at least one of A and B" may mean "only A", "only B" or "both A and B". Furthermore, in this disclosure, the expression "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" may be interpreted as "at least one of A and B".

[0040] Additionally, in this disclosure, "at least one of A, B, and C" may mean "A only", "B only", "C only" or "any combination of A, B, and C". Furthermore, "at least one of A, B, or C" or "at least one of A, B, and / or C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C".

[0041] Additionally, the brackets used in this disclosure may mean "for example". Specifically, when indicated as "Control Message (PDCCH)", this may mean that "PDCCH" is cited as an example of "Control Message". For example, "Control Message" in this disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH", and "PDCCH" may be cited as an example of "Control Message". Additionally, when indicated as "Control Message (i.e., PDCCH)", this may also mean that "PDCCH" is cited as an example of "Control Message".

[0042] In the following description, "when, if, or in the case of" can be replaced with "based on, based on...".

[0043] The technical features described in one of the accompanying drawings of this disclosure may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0044] In this disclosure, higher-layer parameters can be parameters configured, pre-configured, or predefined for the UE. For example, a base station or network can send higher-layer parameters to the UE. For example, higher-layer parameters can be sent via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling or Media Access Control (MAC) signaling.

[0045] In this disclosure, "configured / configured or defined / defined" can be interpreted as being configured or pre-configured for the device via predefined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC) from a base station or network. In this disclosure, "configured / configured or defined / defined" can be interpreted as being pre-configured for the device.

[0046] The technologies described below can be used in various wireless communication systems such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA). CDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) / General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) / Enhanced Data Rate GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), and 5G NR.

[0047] The technologies proposed in this disclosure can be implemented as 6G wireless technologies and can be applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems can have key features such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0048] Figure 1 The present disclosure illustrates a communication architecture that may be provided in a 6G system based on an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0049] In 6G, new network features may include the following.

[0050] - Satellite Integrated Network

[0051] - Connected Intelligence: Unlike previous generations of wireless communication systems, 6G is innovative, and the evolution of wireless may evolve from "connected things" to "connected intelligence." AI can be applied at every step of the communication process (or in each signal processing step described below).

[0052] - Seamless integration of wireless information and power transfer

[0053] - Ubiquitous Hyper-3D Connectivity: Access to networks and core network functions for drones and low Earth orbit satellites will establish hyper-3D connectivity in 6G ubiquitous.

[0054] Among the new network features of 6G, several general requirements are as follows.

[0055] - Small community network

[0056] - Ultra-dense heterogeneous networks

[0057] - High-capacity return

[0058] - Radar technology integrated with mobile technology: High-precision positioning (or location-based services) via communication is one of the functions of 6G wireless communication systems. Therefore, radar systems will be integrated with 6G networks.

[0059] - Software and virtualization

[0060] The core implementation technologies of 6G systems are described below.

[0061] - Artificial Intelligence (AI): When AI is introduced into communication, real-time data transmission can be simplified and improved. AI can use numerous analyses to determine methods for performing complex target tasks. For example, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing latency. Time-consuming operations such as switching, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly by AI. AI can also play an important role in M2M, machine-to-human, and human-to-machine interactions. Additionally, AI can enable instant communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, smart structures, smart networks, smart devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-maintaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0062] Terahertz (THz) communication: Data rates can be increased by increasing bandwidth. This can be achieved by using sub-THz communication with wide bandwidth and applying advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves are referred to as submillimeter radiation, typically indicating a frequency band between 0.1THz and 10THz with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03mm to 3mm. The 100GHz to 300GHz band (sub-THz band) is considered the main part of the THz band used for cellular communication. 6G cellular communication capacity increases when the sub-THz band is added to the millimeter-wave band. The defined THz band of 300GHz to 3THz is in the far-infrared (IR) band. The 300GHz to 3THz band is part of the optical band, but it lies at the boundary of the optical band and immediately follows the RF band. Therefore, the 300GHz to 3THz band is similar to RF. Figure 2 The electromagnetic spectrum is shown based on embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 2 The implementation methods can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure. Key features of THz communication include (i) a wide bandwidth capable of supporting very high data rates and (ii) high path loss at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are essential). The narrow beamwidth generated in highly directional antennas reduces interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows for the integration of a greater number of antenna elements with devices and base stations operating in this band. Therefore, advanced adaptive placement techniques capable of overcoming range limitations can be used.

[0063] - Massive MIMO technology (MMIMO)

[0064] - Holographic Beamforming (HBF)

[0065] - Optical wireless technology

[0066] - Free Space Light (FSO) Backhaul Network

[0067] - Quantum communication

[0068] - Cellular communication

[0069] - Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0070] - Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0071] - Integrated access and backhaul networks

[0072] Big Data Analytics

[0073] - Reconfigurable smart surfaces

[0074] - Metaverse

[0075] - Blockchain

[0076] - Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs): UAVs, or drones, will become a crucial element of 6G wireless communication. In most cases, UAV technology can provide high-speed wireless data connectivity. Base station (BS) entities can be installed within UAVs to provide cellular connectivity. UAVs can possess certain capabilities not found in fixed BS infrastructure, such as ease of deployment, robust line-of-sight links, and freedom of mobility control. During emergencies such as natural disasters, deploying terrestrial telecommunications infrastructure is economically infeasible and sometimes unable to provide service in volatile environments. UAVs can easily handle such situations. UAVs will become a new paradigm in wireless communication. This technology promotes the three fundamental requirements of wireless networks, such as eMBB, URLLC, and mMTC. UAVs can also be used for a variety of purposes, such as improving network connectivity, fire detection, disaster emergency services, security and monitoring, pollution monitoring, parking monitoring, and accident monitoring. Therefore, UAV technology is widely recognized as one of the most important technologies for 6G communication.

[0077] - Advanced Air Mobility (AAM): AAM is a higher-level concept than Urban Air Mobility (UAM). UAM refers to air transport that can be used in urban areas and can also refer to transport vehicles that include movement between urban areas and regional hubs.

[0078] - Autonomous Driving (Autonomous Driving): Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), a core element in building autonomous driving infrastructure, refers to technologies that enable vehicles to communicate and share with various elements on the road for autonomous driving, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I). To maximize the performance of autonomous driving and ensure high safety, high transmission speeds and low latency technologies are required. Furthermore, in the future, autonomous driving may need to go beyond simply delivering warnings or guidance messages to the driver and actively intervene in vehicle operations and directly control the vehicle in dangerous situations. Therefore, given the potentially enormous amount of information that needs to be sent and received, autonomous driving is expected to be maximized in 6G, which offers higher transmission speeds and lower latency than 5G.

[0079] - Non-terrestrial network (NTN): NTN can refer to a network or network segment that utilizes radio frequency (RF) resources on a satellite (or unmanned aerial system (UAS) platform). Figure 3 Examples of typical NTN scenarios based on transparent payloads, based on embodiments of this disclosure, are shown. Figure 4 Examples of typical NTN scenarios based on regenerative payloads, based on embodiments of this disclosure, are shown. Figure 3 or Figure 4 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure. See also... Figure 3The satellite (or UAS platform) can establish a service link with the UE. The satellite (or UAS platform) can connect to the gateway via a feeder link. The satellite can connect to the data network via the gateway. The beam coverage area refers to the area where the signal transmitted by the satellite can be received. (See reference...) Figure 4 A satellite (or UAS platform) can establish a service link with the UE. A satellite (or UAS platform) connected to the UE can connect to another satellite (or another UAS platform) via an inter-satellite link (ISL). Another satellite (or another UAS platform) can connect to the gateway via a feeder link. Based on regenerated payloads, a satellite can connect to the data network via a gateway and another satellite. If no ISL exists between satellites, a feeder link between the satellite and the gateway may be required. Figure 3 and Figure 4 This is merely an example of an NTN scenario, and NTN can be implemented based on various types of scenarios. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) can implement transparent or regenerated (with on-board processing) payloads. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) can generate multiple beams over a designated service area based on its field of view. For example, the satellite's (or UAS platform's) field of view can vary depending on the on-board antenna pattern and minimum elevation angle. For example, a transparent payload can include RF filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification. Therefore, the waveform signal repeated by the payload can remain unchanged. For example, a regenerated payload can include RF filtering, frequency conversion and amplification, demodulation / decryption, switching and / or routing, and encoding / modulation. For example, a regenerated payload can be substantially equivalent to equipping a satellite (or UAS platform) with all or part of the base station functionality.

[0080] - Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC): Wireless sensing is a technology enabler that acquires information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within that environment, using radio frequency (RF) to determine the distance (range), angle, or instantaneous linear velocity of an object. RF sensing capabilities can provide device-free object localization services because the object does not need to be connected via a device in the network. The ability to obtain range, velocity, and angle information from RF signals can provide a wide range of new functionalities, such as various object detection, object recognition (e.g., vehicles, people, animals, UAVs), and high-precision positioning, tracking, and activity recognition. For example, wireless sensing services can provide input to various vertical sectors (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicles, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.) to enable applications such as intruder detection, assisted vehicle handling and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, health and activity monitoring, etc. In some cases, wireless sensing can also use non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., radar, cameras) to further support 3GPP-based sensing. For example, the operation of a wireless sensing service (i.e., sensing operation) can rely on the processing of the transmission, reflection, and scattering of wireless sensing signals. Therefore, wireless sensing may have the opportunity to enhance traditional systems from communication networks to wireless and sensing networks. Figure 5 An example of sensing operation based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 5 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure. Specifically, Figure 5 (a) shows an example of sensing (e.g., single-site sensing) with a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located in the same place, and Figure 5 (b) shows an example of sensing with separate sensing receivers and sensing transmitters (e.g., dual-station sensing).

[0081] The radio interface protocol layer between the UE and the network can be classified into Layer 1 (L1), Layer 2 (L2), and Layer 3 (L3) based on the well-known Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model in communication systems. The Physical (PHY) layer, belonging to Layer 1, provides information transmission services using physical channels, while the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, located in Layer 3, controls the radio resources between the UE and the network. For this purpose, the RRC layer exchanges RRC messages between the UE and the BS.

[0082] The physical layer provides information transmission services to the upper layers through physical channels. The physical layer connects to the Media Access Control (MAC) layer, which is the upper layer, through transport channels. Data is transmitted between the MAC layer and the physical layer via transport channels. Transport channels are classified according to how data is transmitted through the radio interface and what characteristics of the data are transmitted.

[0083] Data is transmitted between different physical layers (i.e., the PHY layer of the transmitter and the PHY layer of the receiver) via a physical channel. The physical channel can be modulated using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme, and the physical channel uses time and frequency as radio resources.

[0084] The MAC layer provides services to the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, which is higher than the MAC layer, via logical channels. The MAC layer provides the ability to map multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels. The MAC layer also provides logical channel multiplexing by mapping multiple logical channels to a single transport channel. The MAC layer provides data transmission services through logical channels.

[0085] The RLC layer performs concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of Radio Link Control Service Data Units (RLC SDUs). To ensure the different Quality of Service (QoS) required by the Radio Bearer (RB), the RLC layer provides three types of operating modes: Transparent Mode (TM), Non-Acknowledgment Mode (UM), and Acknowledgment Mode (AM). AM RLC provides error correction through Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ).

[0086] The Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer is defined only in the control plane. The RRC layer is used to control the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of logical, transport, and physical channels associated with RBs. RBs are logical paths for data transmission between the UE and the network, provided by Layer 1 (i.e., the Physical Layer or PHY Layer) and Layer 2 (i.e., the MAC Layer, RLC Layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) Layer, and Serving Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) Layer).

[0087] The Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer in the user plane performs functions including user data transmission, header compression, and encryption. The PDCP layer in the control plane performs functions including control plane data transmission and encryption / integrity protection.

[0088] The Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer is defined only in the user plane. The SDAP layer performs the mapping between Quality of Service (QoS) flows and Data Radio Bearers (DRBs), as well as the QoS Flow ID (QFI) tagging in both DL and UL packets.

[0089] The configuration of an Radio Bearer (RB) refers to the processing used to specify the radio protocol layer and channel attributes to provide specific services, as well as to determine the corresponding detailed parameters and operating methods. RBs can be classified into two types: Signaling Radio Bearers (SRBs) and Data Radio Bearers (DRBs). SRBs are used as paths for transmitting RRC messages in the control plane, while DRBs are used as paths for transmitting user data in the user plane.

[0090] When an RRC connection is established between the UE's RRC layer and the E-UTRAN's RRC layer, the UE is in the RRC_CONNECTED state; otherwise, the UE can be in the RRC_IDLE state. In the NR case, the RRC_INACTIVE state is additionally defined, and a UE in the RRC_INACTIVE state can maintain its connection with the core network while releasing its connection with the BS.

[0091] Data is transmitted from the network to the UE via downlink transport channels. Examples of downlink transport channels include the Broadcast Channel (BCH) for transmitting system information and the Shared Downlink Channel (SCH) for transmitting other user traffic or control messages. Traffic or control messages for downlink multicast or broadcast services can be transmitted via the downlink SCH or via a separate downlink multicast channel (MCH). Furthermore, uplink transport channels for transmitting (or transmitting) data from the UE to the network include the Random Access Channel (RACH) for transmitting initial control messages and the Shared Uplink Channel (SCH) for transmitting other user traffic or control messages.

[0092] Examples of logical channels that belong to a higher layer than the transport channel and are mapped to the transport channel may include the Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH), Paging Control Channel (PCCH), Common Control Channel (CCCH), Multicast Control Channel (MCCH), Multicast Service Channel (MTCH), etc.

[0093] Radio frames can be used to perform uplink and downlink transmissions. A radio frame is 10 ms long and can be defined as consisting of two half-frames (HF). A half-frame can include five 1 ms subframes (SF). A subframe (SF) can be divided into one or more time slots, and the number of time slots within a subframe can be determined according to the subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each time slot can include 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols depending on the cyclic prefix (CP).

[0094] With normal CP, each time slot can include 14 symbols. With extended CP, each time slot can include 12 symbols. In this document, symbols can include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols) and single-carrier-FDMA (SC-FDMA) symbols (or Discrete Fourier Transform Spread Spectrum-OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols).

[0095] Table 2 below shows the number of symbols (N) per slot based on the SCS configuration (μ) when using normal CP or extended CP. slot symb ), Number of time slots per frame (N) frame,u slot ) and the number of time slots per subframe (N)subframe ,u slot Examples of ).

[0096] [Table 2]

[0097] Figure 6 The structure of a time slot for a frame based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 6 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0098] Reference Figure 6 A time slot comprises multiple symbols in the time domain. A carrier comprises multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. A resource block (RB) can be defined as multiple consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain (e.g., 12 subcarriers). A bandwidth portion (BWP) can be defined as multiple consecutive (physical) resource blocks ((P)RBs) in the frequency domain, and a BWP can correspond to a set of parameters (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier can include up to N BWPs (e.g., 5 BWPs). Data communication can be performed via active BWPs. Each element can be referred to as a resource element (RE) in the resource grid, and a complex symbol can be mapped to each element.

[0099] A bandwidth portion (BWP) can be a set of contiguous physical resource blocks (PRBs) within a given set of parameters. PRBs can be selected from a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (CRBs) for a given set of parameters on a given carrier.

[0100] Figure 7 An example of a BWP based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 7 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure. Figure 7 In this implementation, it is assumed that the number of BWPs is 3.

[0101] Reference Figure 7 A Common Resource Block (CRB) can be a carrier resource block numbered from one end of a carrier frequency band to the other. Alternatively, a Producer Resource Block (PRB) can be a resource block numbered within each BWP. Point A can indicate a common reference point for the resource block grid.

[0102] BWP can be generated from point A, and offset from point A (N). start BWP ) and bandwidth (N size BWPThis can be configured as follows: For example, point A can be an external reference point for the PRB of a carrier, with subcarrier 0 of all parameter sets (e.g., all parameter sets supported by the network on the corresponding carrier) aligned at point A. For example, offset can be the PRB spacing between the lowest subcarrier in a given parameter set and point A. For example, bandwidth can be the number of PRBs in a given parameter set.

[0103] Sidelink synchronization signals (SLSS) can include primary sidelink synchronization signals (PSSS) and secondary sidelink synchronization signals (SSSS), as sidelink (SL) specific sequences. The PSSS can be referred to as the primary sidelink synchronization signal (S-PSS), and the SSSS can be referred to as the secondary sidelink synchronization signal (S-SSS). For example, a 127-character M sequence can be used for S-PSS, and a 127-character Gold sequence can be used for S-SSSS. For example, a UE can use S-PSS for initial signal detection and synchronization acquisition. For example, a UE can use S-PSS and S-SSS for detailed synchronization acquisition and synchronization signal ID detection.

[0104] The Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel (PSBCH) can be a (broadcast) channel used to transmit default (system) information that the UE must know before SL signal transmission / reception. For example, default information could be related to SLSS, duplex mode (DM), Time Division Duplex (TDD) uplink / downlink (UL / DL) configuration, resource pool information, application type related to SLSS, subframe offset, broadcast information, etc. For example, to evaluate PSBCH performance, in NR V2X, the PSBCH payload size can be 56 bits, including 24 bits of Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC).

[0105] S-PSS, S-SSS, and PSBCH can be included in a block format that supports periodic transmission (e.g., SL synchronization signal (SS) / PSBCH block, hereinafter, sidelink synchronization signal block (S-SSB)). The S-SSB can have the same set of parameters (i.e., SCS and CP lengths) as the Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH) / Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH) in the carrier, and the transmission bandwidth can exist within a (pre)configured sidelink (SL) BWP. For example, the S-SSB can have a bandwidth of 11 resource blocks (RBs). Similarly, the PSBCH can exist across 11 RBs. Furthermore, the frequency location of the S-SSB can be (pre)configured. Therefore, the UE does not need to perform hypothesis detection at the frequency to discover the S-SSB in the carrier.

[0106] In this disclosure, PSCCH can be replaced by control channel, physical control channel, sidelink-related control channel, sidelink-related physical control channel, inter-device physical control channel, etc. In this disclosure, PSSCH can be replaced by shared channel, physical shared channel, sidelink-related shared channel, sidelink-related physical shared channel, inter-device physical shared channel, etc. For example, SL communication can be replaced by inter-device communication. For example, in terms referring to various channels and / or signals related to SL communication, the SL portion can be replaced by "inter-device".

[0107] In this disclosure, PUCCH can be replaced by control channel, physical control channel, uplink-related control channel, uplink-related physical control channel, device-to-base station physical control channel, UE-to-base station physical control channel, etc. In this disclosure, PUSCH can be replaced by shared channel, physical shared channel, uplink-related shared channel, uplink-related physical shared channel, device-to-base station physical shared channel, UE-to-base station physical shared channel, etc. For example, UL communication can be replaced by UE-to-base station communication or device-to-base station communication. For example, in terms referring to various channels and / or signals related to UL communication, the UL portion can be replaced by "device-to-base station" or "UE-to-base station".

[0108] In this disclosure, PDCCH can be replaced by control channel, physical control channel, downlink-related control channel, downlink-related physical control channel, base station to device physical control channel, base station to UE physical control channel, etc. In this disclosure, PDSCH can be replaced by shared channel, physical shared channel, downlink-related shared channel, downlink-related physical shared channel, base station to device physical shared channel, base station to UE physical shared channel, etc. For example, DL communication can be replaced by base station to device communication or base station to UE communication. For example, in terms referring to various channels and / or signals related to DL communication, the DL portion can be replaced by "base station to device" or "base station to UE".

[0109] Figure 8 This illustrates a process by which a UE performs V2X or SL communication based on a resource allocation mode, according to an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 8 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0110] Reference Figure 8In resource allocation mode 1, the base station can schedule SL resources for the UE to use for SL transmission. For example, in step S800, the base station can send information related to SL resources and / or information related to sensing resources (e.g., UL resources or SL resources) to the first UE. For example, sensing resources (e.g., UL resources or SL resources) may include PUCCH resources and / or PUSCH resources. For example, sensing resources (e.g., UL resources or SL resources) may be resources used to report SL HARQ feedback to the base station.

[0111] For example, the first UE can receive information related to Dynamic Grant (DG) resources and / or Configuration Grant (CG) resources from the base station. For example, CG resources may include CG Type 1 resources or CG Type 2 resources. In this disclosure, DG resources can be resources configured / allocated to the first UE by the base station via Downlink Control Information (DCI). In this disclosure, CG resources can be (periodic) resources configured / allocated to the first UE by the base station via DCI and / or RRC messages. For example, in the case of CG Type 1 resources, the base station can send an RRC message to the first UE including information related to the CG resources. For example, in the case of CG Type 2 resources, the base station can send an RRC message to the first UE including information related to the CG resources, and the base station can send a DCI message to the first UE related to the activation or release of the CG resources.

[0112] In step S810, the first UE can send a PSCCH (e.g., Side Link Control Information (SCI) or Level 1 SCI) to the second UE based on resource scheduling. In step S820, the first UE can send a PSSCH related to the PSCCH (e.g., Level 2 SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) to the second UE. In step S830, the first UE can receive a PSFCH related to the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second UE. For example, it can receive HARQ feedback information (e.g., NACK or ACK information) from the second UE via the PSFCH. In step S840, the first UE can send / report HARQ feedback information to the base station via PUCCH or PUSCH. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station can be information generated by the first UE based on the HARQ feedback information received from the second UE. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station can be information generated by the first UE based on pre-configured rules. For example, the DCI can be a DCI used for SL scheduling.

[0113] Reference Figure 8In resource allocation mode 2 (b), the UE can determine the SL transmission resource within the SL resources configured by the base station / network or the pre-configured SL resources. For example, the configured SL resources or the pre-configured SL resources can be a resource pool. For example, the UE can autonomously select or schedule resources for SL transmission. For example, the UE can perform SL communication by autonomously selecting resources within the configured resource pool. For example, the UE can autonomously select resources within a selection window by performing a sensing process and a resource (re)selection process. For example, sensing can be performed on a sub-channel basis. For example, in step S810, the first UE, which has selected resources from the resource pool, can send a PSCCH (e.g., Side Link Control Information (SCI) or Level 1 SCI) to the second UE using the resources. In step S820, the first UE can send a PSSCH (e.g., Level 2 SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) related to the PSCCH to the second UE. In step S830, the first UE can receive a PSFCH related to the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second UE.

[0114] For example, the SCI carried on the PSCCH can be a Level 1 SCI, which can transmit sidelink scheduling information. For example, SCI format 1-A can be used for scheduling the PSSCH and the Level 2 SCI on the PSSCH. For example, the SCI carried on the PSSCH can be a Level 2 SCI, which can transmit sidelink scheduling information.

[0115] Reference Figure 8 In (a) or (b), for example, the first UE may send an SCI to the second UE via PSCCH. Alternatively, for example, the first UE may send two consecutive SCIs (e.g., a level 2 SCI) to the second UE via PSCCH and / or PSSCH. In this case, the second UE may decode the two consecutive SCIs (e.g., a level 2 SCI) to receive the PSSCH from the first UE. In this disclosure, an SCI sent via PSCCH may be referred to as a first SCI, a first-level SCI, or a first-level SCI format, and an SCI sent via PSSCH may be referred to as a second SCI, a second-level SCI, or a second-level SCI format.

[0116] Reference Figure 8 In step (a) or (b), the first UE may receive the PSFCH in step S830. For example, the first UE and the second UE may determine the PSFCH resource, and the second UE may use the PSFCH resource to send HARQ feedback to the first UE.

[0117] Reference Figure 8In step (a), the first UE can send SLHARQ feedback to the base station via PUCCH and / or PUSCH in step S840.

[0118] 1.1 Uplink

[0119] 1.1.1 Overview

[0120] 1.1.1.1 Physical Channel

[0121] For example, the following narrowband physical channel can be defined: - Narrowband Physical Uplink Shared Channel, NPUSCH - Narrowband Physical Random Access Channel, NPRACH 1.1.1.2 Physical Signals For example, the following uplink narrowband physical signals can be defined: - Narrowband demodulation reference signal 1.1.2 Time Slot Structure and Physical Resources 1.1.2.1 Resource Grid For example, the physical channel or signal transmitted in a time slot can be generated by Subcarriers and A resource grid can be described by one or more resource grids of an SC-FDMA symbol. For example, a resource grid can be described as follows: Figure 9 As illustrated. For example, the time slot number within a radio frame can be represented as For Δf = 15kHz, And for Δf = 3.75kHz, .

[0122] Figure 9 An uplink resource grid for NB-IoT based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 9 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0123] For example, using subcarriers Calculated uplink bandwidth and time slot duration As shown in Table 3.

[0124] Table 3: NB-IoT parameters.

[0125] [Table 3]

[0126] For example, a single antenna port p=0 can be used for all uplink transmissions.

[0127] 1.1.2.2 Resource Elements

[0128] For example, each element in the resource grid can be called a resource element, and can be indexed by a time slot. Uniquely defined, in and These can be indices in the frequency domain and the time domain, respectively. For example, resource elements. It can correspond to complex values For example, the quantity corresponding to resource elements in a time slot that are not used for physical channel or physical signal transmission. It can be set to zero.

[0129] 1.1.2.3 Resource Unit

[0130] For example, resource units can be used to describe the mapping from NPUSCH to resource elements. For example, a resource unit can be defined in the time domain. SC-FDMA symbols and frequency domain 1 consecutive subcarrier, where for frame structure type 1 and type 2... and The results can be given in Tables 4 and 5 respectively.

[0131] Table 4: For frame structure type 1 , and Support combination.

[0132] [Table 4]

[0133] Table 5: For frame structure type 2 , and Support combination.

[0134] [Table 5]

[0135] 1.1.3 Narrowband Physical Uplink Shared Channel

[0136] For example, narrowband physical uplink shared channels can support two formats: - NPUSCH format 1 can be used to carry UL-SCH - NPUSCH format 2 can be used to carry uplink control information. 1.1.3.1 Scrambling For example, scrambling can be performed according to Clause 5.3.1 of 3GPP TS 36.211. For example, a scrambling sequence generator can be used... To initialize, where This could be the first time slot of codeword transmission. For example, in the case of NPUSCH repetition, the scrambling sequence could be in each time slot of the codeword. After the transmission, the system is re-initialized according to the above formula, where... and These are configured as the first time slot and frame for repeated transmission, respectively. For example, quantity This can be given by clause 1.1.3.6.

[0137] 1.1.3.2 Modulation

[0138] For example, modulation can be performed according to Clause 5.3.2 of 3GPP TS 36.211, thereby producing a modulation symbol block. For example, Table 6 can specify modulation mappings applicable to narrowband physical uplink shared channels.

[0139] For example, a modulation symbol block can be multiplied by the code according to the following formula. This generates a modulation symbol block.

[0140] in

[0141] - In the case where NPUSCH format 2 is to be used to send a positive scheduling request according to [4], .

[0142] - Otherwise

[0143] Table 6: NPUSCH Modulation Schemes

[0144] [Table 6]

[0145] 1.1.3.3 Layer Mapping

[0146] For example, layer mapping can be implemented according to Clause 5.3.2A of 3GPP TS 36.211, using... And use replace To execute.

[0147] 1.1.3.4 Transform Precoding

[0148] For example, transform precoding can be performed according to Clause 5.3.3 of 3GPP TS 36.211, where and It can be replace.

[0149] 1.1.3.5 Precoding

[0150] For example, precoding can be performed based on Clause 5.3.3A of 3GPP TS 36.211, assuming a single antenna port.

[0151] 1.1.3.6 Mapping to physical resources

[0152] For example, each NPUSCH codeword can be mapped to one or more resource units. As given in section 2.5.1.2 of [4], each resource unit can be sent Second-rate.

[0153] For example, complex value symbol blocks It can be multiplied by the amplitude scaling factor With the transmission power specified in [4] and from The mapping begins sequentially to the subcarriers assigned for NPUSCH transmission. For example, to the resource elements corresponding to subcarriers assigned for transmission but not for transmitting reference signals. The mapping can begin with the first time slot in the assigned resource unit, starting with the index. Then comes the index. The increasing order.

[0154] For example, in mapping to After a time gap, continue to Before being mapped to subsequent time slots, the Each time slot can be repeated. Next, among them

[0155] For example, for NPUSCH formats 1 and 2 on frame structure type 2 with Δf = 3.75 kHz, - NPUSCH transmission can be performed in the first group of two consecutive uplink subframes that do not overlap with any uplink subframes configured as invalid. Executed in one time slot; - For TDD configurations 1 and 4, if the start position of NPUSCH is indicated as the second of two consecutive uplink subframes, NPUSCH transmission can be postponed to the beginning of the two consecutive uplink subframes.

[0156] For example, if to A time slot mapping or a repetition of a mapping contains resource elements that overlap with the following: - SystemInformationBlockType2-NB According to nprach-ParametersListAny configured NPRACH resource, or - SystemInformationBlockType22-NB Zhongyou ul-ConfigList The basis given nprach- ParametersList Any configured NPRACH resources, and if the UE indicates support for multiCarrier-NPRACH, or - SystemInformationBlockType22-NB Zhongyou ul-ConfigListMixed The basis given nprach-ParametersList Any configured NPRACH resources, and if the UE indicates support multiCarrier- NPRACH and mixedOperationMode ,or - SystemInformationBlockType2-NB According to nprach-ParametersListFmt2 Any configured NPRACH resources, and if the UE indicates support nprach-Format2 ,or - SystemInformationBlockType23-NB Zhongyou ul-ConfigLis The basis given by t nprach- ParametersListFmt2 Any configured NPRACH resources, and if the UE indicates support multiCarrier- NPRACH and nprach-Format2 ,or - SystemInformationBlockType23-NB Zhongyou ul-ConfigListMixed The basis given nprach-ParametersListFmt2 Any configured NPRACH resources, and if the UE indicates support multiCarrier-NPRACH , mixedOperationMode and nprach-Format2 ,or - SystemInformationBlockType2-NB According to nprach-ParametersListTDD Any configured NPRACH resource, or - SystemInformationBlockType22-NB According to nprach-ParametersListTDD Any configured NPRACH resources, and if the UE indicates support multiCarrier-NPRACH ,or - Any configured NPRACH resources for early data transmission, and if NPUSCH transmission occurs during the early data transmission process [12, Clause 7.3b of 3GPP TS 36.211], For example, then, - For Overlapping NPUSCH transmissions within a time slot can be deferred to the next slot that does not overlap with any configured NPRACH resources. Each time slot.

[0157] - For Overlapping The NPUSCH transmission in a time slot can be postponed until the condition is met. The first time slot begins and the next one does not overlap with any configured NPRACH resources. Each time slot.

[0158] For example, the NPRACH gaps defined in section 1.1.6.1 may not be part of the NPRACH resource. For example, for frame structure type 2, when G symbol groups cannot be mapped back-to-back, valid uplink subframes not used for NPRACH transmission may not be part of the NPRACH resource. The mapping can then be repeated until... One time slot has been sent. For example, in the case of NPRACH... After the transmission and / or delay of time units, for frame structure type 1, an insertion can be made. A time unit gap in which NPUSCH transmission is delayed. For example, a delay due to NPRACH that coincides with a gap can be counted as part of the gap.

[0159] For example, when high-level parameters npusch-AllSymbols When set to false, it is consistent with the following: srs- SubframeConfig Resource elements in SC-FDMA symbols with overlapping symbols configured with SRS can be included in the NPUSCH mapping, but may not be used for NPUSCH transmission. For example, when higher-layer parameters... npusch-AllSymbols When set to true, all symbols can be sent.

[0160] For example, if high-level parameters resourceReservationConfigUL If configured, in the following cases: NPUSCH format 1 transmission associated with a C-RNTI or SPS C-RNTI using a UE-specific NPDCCH search space, the Resource reservation field in the DCI is set to 1, including NPUSCH format 1 transmission without a corresponding NPDCCH; or NPUSCH format 2 transmission associated with a C-RNTI using a UE-specific NPDCCH search space. - Any fully reserved uplink subframes overlapping with those defined in section 2.5 of [4] subframes or In the time slot, - - For The NPUSCH transmission is postponed to the next NB-IoT uplink subframe that is not fully reserved.

[0161] - - For The NPUSCH transmission in this time slot is postponed to the next time slot that spans two consecutive uplink subframes and does not overlap with any uplink subframes that are fully reserved.

[0162] - Without overlapping with any fully reserved uplink subframes subframes or In a time slot, any SC-FDMA symbols that overlap with reserved symbols should be included in the NPUSCH mapping, but not used for NPUSCH transmission.

[0163] For example, for a UE communicating via NTN, in After a transmission of [number] time units (and / or a delay due to NPRACH), for frame structure type 1, The transmission gap of each time unit should be included in the NPUSCH resource mapping, but according to the UE capability ntn-SegmentedPrecompensationGaps-r17 specified in 3GPP TS 36.331[9], it is not used for NPUSCH transmission. For example, the amount Provided by high-level officials, and The amount is configured by higher layers based on the UE's capabilities (if signaled).

[0164] 1.1.4 Demodulation Reference Signal

[0165] 1.1.4.1 Reference Signal Sequence

[0166] 1.1.4.1.1 Targeting Reference signal sequence

[0167] For example, targeting Reference signal sequence It can be defined by the following formula:

[0168] For example, binary sequences This can be defined by Clause 7.2 of 3GPP TS 36.211, and can be used at the start of NPUSCH transmission. Initialization. For example, quantity. This can be given in Table 7, where for NPUSCH format 2, For NPUSCH format 1, if group frequency hopping is not enabled, the same applies; and for NPUSCH format 1, if group frequency hopping is enabled, it is given in clause 1.1.4.1.3.

[0169] Table 7: Definition

[0170] [Table 7]

[0171] For example, the reference signal sequence for NPUSCH format 1 can be given by the following formula:

[0172] For example, the reference signal sequence for NPUSCH format 2 can be given by the following formula:

[0173] For example, among them It can be defined by Table 8, and the sequence index is based on... Choose from, among them For example, for frame structure type 1, For example, for frame structure type 2, for , And for , .

[0174] Orthogonal sequences for PUCCH formats 1, 1a, and 1b

[0175] [Table 8]

[0176] 1.1.4.1.2 Targeting Reference signal sequence

[0177] For example, targeting Reference signal sequence It can be obtained by cyclic shifting of the basic sequence. Defined according to the following formula: , For example, among them This can be derived from Table 9 (for...) Table 10 (for) ) and Table 11 (for (This is given.)

[0178] Table 9: Targeting of Definition

[0179] [Table 9]

[0180] Table 10: Targeting of Definition

[0181] [Table 10]

[0182] Table 11: For of Definition

[0183] [Table 11]

[0184] For example, if group frequency hopping is not enabled, the basic sequence index... It can be determined by high-level parameters threeTone- BaseSequence , sixTone-BaseSequence and twelveTone-BaseSequence Specifically for , and To give it. For example, if not signaled by higher authorities, the basic sequence can be given by the following formula:

[0185] For example, if group frequency hopping is enabled, the basic sequence index... This can be given by clause 1.1.4.1.3.

[0186] For example, targeting and Circular shift We can get them from the high-level parameters respectively. threeTone- CyclicShift and sixTone-CyclicShift Export, as defined in Table 12. For example, for If in PUR- Config-NB In npusch-CyclicShift If configured for NPUSCH (retransmission) corresponding to pre-configured uplink resources, then it can provide The value, and the time slot Circular shift in It can be given as Otherwise, α = 0.

[0187] Table 12: For of Definition

[0188] [Table 12]

[0189] 1.1.4.1.3 Group Frequency Hopping

[0190] For example, for a reference signal in NPUSCH format 1, sequence group frequency hopping can be enabled, where radio frames time slot Sequence group number It can be made by group frequency hopping pattern and sequence shift pattern Defined according to the following formula:

[0191] For example, the number of reference signal sequences available for each resource unit size. This can be given in Table 13.

[0192] Table 13: Definition

[0193] [Table 13]

[0194] For example, sequence group frequency hopping can be achieved using cell-specific parameters provided by higher layers. groupHoppingEnabled To enable or disable. For example, sequence group frequency hopping for NPUSCH can be enabled or disabled via higher-level parameters. groupHoppingDisabled It is disabled for a specific UE, even if it is enabled on a cell-based basis, unless the NPUSCH sends a retransmission corresponding to a random access response authorization or as part of a contention-based random access procedure for the same transport block.

[0195] For example, group frequency hopping patterns It can be given by the following formula:

[0196] For example, where for , For example, when For frame structure type 1, n' can be the slot number of the first slot of the resource unit. Furthermore, for frame structure type 2, n' can be the frame number of the first slot of the resource unit. For example, pseudo-random sequences. It can be defined by Clause 7.2 of 3GPP TS 36.211.

[0197] For example, a pseudo-random sequence generator can be used at the beginning of a resource unit (for ) and in each even-numbered time slot (for )use To initialize.

[0198] For example, sequence shift patterns It can be given by the following formula:

[0199] For example, among them It can be determined by high-level parameters groupAssignmentNPUSCHProvided. For example, if no value is signaled, then .

[0200] 1.1.4.2 Mapping to physical resources

[0201] For example, sequences It can be multiplied by the amplitude scaling factor and from Start mapping to subcarriers sequentially.

[0202] For example, the set of subcarriers used in the mapping process can be the same as the corresponding NPUSCH transmission defined in clause 1.1.3.6.

[0203] For example, to resource elements The mapping can be k first, then l, and finally the time slot number in ascending order. For example, the value of the symbol index l in a time slot can be given by Table 14.

[0204] Table 14: Demodulation reference signal location for NPUSCH.

[0205] [Table 14]

[0206] For example, if the higher-level parameter resourceReservationConfigUL is configured, then in the following cases: NPUSCH format 1 transmission associated with a C-RNTI or SPS C-RNTI using a UE-specific NPDCCH search space, the Resource reservation field in the DCI is set to 1, including NPUSCH format 1 transmission without a corresponding NPDCCH; or NPUSCH format 2 transmission associated with a C-RNTI using a UE-specific NPDCCH search space. - Any fully reserved uplink subframes overlapping with those defined in section 2.5 of [4] subframes or In the time slot, - - For The demodulation reference signal transmission can be postponed to the next NB-IoT uplink subframe that is not fully reserved.

[0207] - - For The demodulation reference signal transmission in this time slot can be postponed to the next time slot that spans two consecutive uplink subframes and does not overlap with any uplink subframes that are fully reserved.

[0208] - Without overlapping with any fully reserved uplink subframes subframes or In the time slot, any demodulation reference signal transmission in SC-FDMA symbols that overlap with reserved symbols can be discarded.

[0209] 1.1.6 Narrowband Physical Random Access Channel

[0210] 1.1.6.1 Time and Frequency Structure

[0211] For example, physical layer random access preambles can be based on single-subcarrier frequency hopping symbol groups. For example, symbol groups can be like... Figure 10 As illustrated, it can be derived from a length of The cyclic prefix and total length are of N It consists of a sequence of identical symbols. For example, the total number of symbol groups in a preamble repetition unit can be represented as P For example, the number of time-continuous symbol groups can be determined by... G Provided.

[0212] Figure 10 A random access symbol group based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 10 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0213] For example, the parameter values ​​for frame structures 1 and 2 can be listed in Table 15 and Table 16, respectively.

[0214] Table 15: Random Access Preamble Parameters for Frame Structure Type 1

[0215] [Table 15]

[0216] Table 16: Random Access Preamble Parameters for Frame Structure Type 2

[0217] [Table 16]

[0218] For example, by P A preamble consisting of 1 symbol group can be sent. For example, for frame structure type 2, when an invalid uplink subframe is connected to a frame without a gap... G When the transmissions of symbol groups overlap, the G A group of symbols can be discarded. For example, for frame structure type 2, G The transmission of a symbol group can be aligned with the subframe boundary.

[0219] For example, if triggered by the MAC layer, the transmission of the random access preamble can be restricted to certain time and frequency resources.

[0220] For example, the NPRACH configuration provided by a higher level can include the following: - NPRACH resource cycle ( nprach-Periodicity ), - The frequency position of the first subcarrier assigned to NPRACH NPRACH ( nprach- SubcarrierOffset ), - Number of subcarriers allocated to NPRACH ( nprach-NumSubcarriers ), - Number of initial subcarriers allocated to random access initiated by the UE ( nprach-NumCBRA- StartSubcarriers ), - Number of NPRACH repetitions per attempt ( numRepetitionsPerPreambleAttem pt ), - NPRACH start time ( nprach-StartTime ), - A score used to calculate the starting subcarrier index that retains the NPRACH subcarrier range used to indicate UE support for multi-tone msg3 transmission. ( nprach-SubcarrierMSG3-RangeStart ).

[0221] For example, NPRACH transmission can only be performed when the following conditions are met. After the start of the radio frame The time unit begins. For example, for frame structure type 1, in preamble formats 0 and 1... After a time unit of transmission, or preamble format 2 After sending a time unit, you can insert... A gap of one time unit.

[0222] For example, among them The NPRACH configuration may be invalid.

[0223] For example, the NPRACH initiation subcarriers allocated to random access initiated by the UE can be divided into two groups of subcarriers: and The second group (if present) can instruct the UE to support multi-tone msg3 transmission.

[0224] For example, the frequency position of NPRACH transmission can be restricted to... Within each subcarrier, and when configured with preamble format 2 as described in Table 15, it is limited to Within a subcarrier. For example, frequency hopping can be used within 12 subcarriers and within 36 subcarriers when configured with preamble format 2 as described in Table 15, wherein the frequency position of the i-th symbol group can be determined by... Given, among which For example, quantity It can depend on the frame structure.

[0225] For example, for frame structure type 1: - if G =4, P =4 (as shown in Table 15, preamble formats 0 and 1):

[0226] For example, among them ,in It is from the MAC layer The selected subcarrier, and the pseudo-random sequence This can be given by Clause 7.2 of 3GPP TS 36.211. For example, a pseudo-random sequence generator can be used... To initialize.

[0227] - if G =6, P =6 (as shown in Table 15, preamble format 2):

[0228] For example, among them ,in It is from the MAC layer The selected subcarrier, and the pseudo-random sequence This can be given by Clause 7.2 of 3GPP TS 36.211. For example, a pseudo-random sequence generator can be used... To initialize.

[0229] For example, for frame structure type 2: - if G =2, P =4 (as shown in Table 16, preamble formats 0, 1, and 2):

[0230] For example, among them ,in It is from the MAC layer The selected subcarrier, and the pseudo-random sequence This can be given by Clause 7.2 of 3GPP TS 36.211. For example, a pseudo-random sequence generator can be used... To initialize.

[0231] - if G =3, P =6 (as shown in Table 16, the preamble formats 0-a and 1-a):

[0232] For example, among them ,in It is from the MAC layer The selected subcarrier, and the pseudo-random sequence This can be given by Clause 7.2 of 3GPP TS 36.211. For example, a pseudo-random sequence generator can be used... To initialize.

[0233] 2.5 Narrowband Physical Uplink Shared Channel Correlation Process

[0234] For example, for support twoHARQ-Processes-r14 The NB-IoT UE may be configured with higher-level parameters. npusch-MultiTB-Config A UE can have up to two uplink HARQ processes.

[0235] For example, for NB-IoT UEs and NPUSCH transmissions using pre-configured uplink resources, there can be one uplink HARQ process.

[0236] For example, an NB-IoT UE can determine whether a subframe is an NB-IoT UL subframe as follows.

[0237] For example, in future systems, it may be necessary to increase the multiplexing capacity between NB-IoT UE transmissions, and its importance may be particularly high in IoT NTN systems.

[0238] - If high-level parameters resourceReservationConfigUL Configured

[0239] - - For NPUSCH format 1 transmissions associated with C-RNTI or SPS C-RNTI using the UE-specific NPDCCH search space, including NPUSCH format 1 transmissions without a corresponding NPDCCH.

[0240] If the resource reservation field in the DCI is set to 0, then the subframe can be assumed to be an NB-IoT UL subframe.

[0241] Otherwise, if the resource reservation field in the DCI is set to 1, the subframe may be assumed to be an NB-IoT UL subframe if it is not fully reserved according to the higher-level parameters (the subframe may be considered fully reserved if and only if all SC-FDMA symbols in the subframe are reserved).

[0242] For NPUSCH format 2 transmission

[0243] - - - If a subframe is not fully preserved according to higher-layer parameters, it may be assumed to be an NB-IoTUL subframe (a subframe may be considered fully preserved if and only if all SC-FDMA symbols in the subframe are preserved).

[0244] - In all other cases, For TDD, if an NB-IoT carrier is configured as an NB-IoT UL subframe by a higher layer, then the NB-IoT UE can assume the subframe is an NB-IoT UL subframe. For FDD, NB-IoT UEs can always assume that the subframe is an NB-IoT UL subframe.

[0245] 2.5.1 UE Procedure for Transmitting Format 1 Narrowband Physical Uplink Shared Channel

[0246] For example, an NPUSCH format 1 transmission can be scheduled by an NPDCCH with DCI format N0, or the transmission can correspond to the use of pre-configured uplink resources configured by a higher layer. For example, a transmission using pre-configured uplink resources can be initiated by a higher layer, as specified in

[14] , while retransmissions of transport blocks transmitted using pre-configured uplink resources can be scheduled by an NPDCCH with DCI format N0.

[0247] For example, when a UE detects an NPDCCH with DCI format N0 that ends in NB-IoT DL subframe n to schedule NPUSCH intended for that UE on a given serving cell, it executes the following at the end of the time: - For FDD, n+k0+Koffset DL subframe - For TDD, the k0 NB-IoT UL subframes following the end of the n+8 subframes. For example, based on NPDCCH information, in N consecutive NB-IoT UL time slots n i (where i = 0, 1, ..., N-1) uses the corresponding NPUSCH in NPUSCH format 1 for transmission, where - Subframe n can be the last subframe from which the NPDCCH is transmitted, and can be determined based on the starting subframe from which the NPDCCH is transmitted and the repeated digital segment of the corresponding DCI subframe in the DCI; and - ,in The value can be determined as specified in Clause 2.5.1.1. The value can be determined by the resource assignment field in the corresponding DCI (see Section 2.5.1.1). The value can be the same as the one assigned in the corresponding DCI. The number of NB-IoT UL slots corresponding to the number of subcarriers (as determined in Clause 2.5.1.1) (as defined in Clause 1.1.2.3 of [3]), and The value can be determined by the unicast scheduling TB quantity field in the corresponding DCI (if it exists), otherwise...

[0248] - n0 can be the first NB-IoT UL slot that starts after the end of subframe n+k0+Koffset for FDD.

[0249] - n0 can be the first NB-IoT UL slot that starts after k0 NB-IoT UL subframes following the end of TDD at the end of n+8 subframes.

[0250] - The value of k0 can be obtained from the scheduling delay field in the corresponding DCI ( Determine based on Table 17 of FDD and Table 18 of TDD.

[0251] - For , -- If the UE is configured with higher-level parameters npusch-MultiTB-Config It is set to 'interleaved' and corresponds to the NPUSCH of the NPDCCH with the DCI CRC scrambled by C-RNTI, and Among them, for C=1 if the condition is met, otherwise C=4. - - - NB-IoT UL Time Slot ,in , It can be associated with TB r+1.

[0252] Otherwise, - - - NB-IoT UL Time Slot ,in It can be associated with TB r+1.

[0253] Table 17: DCI format N0 for FDD .

[0254] [Table 17]

[0255] Table 18: DCI format N0 for TDD .

[0256] [Table 18]

[0257] For example, if there is no corresponding NPDCCH transmission that partially or completely conflicts with an NPDSCH transmission, the NPUSCH transmission can be discarded.

[0258] For example, if the UE is configured by a higher layer to decode an NPDCCH with a CRC scrambled by C-RNTI, the UE can decode the NPDCCH and send the corresponding NPUSCH according to the combinations defined in Table 19. For example, the scrambling initialization of the NPUSCH corresponding to these NPDCCHs and the NPUSCH retransmission for the same transport block can be performed by C-RNTI.

[0259] Table 19: NPDCCH and NPUSCH configured by C-RNTI

[0260] [Table 19]

[0261] For example, if the UE is configured to receive a random access procedure initiated by a “PDCCH command”, the UE can decode the NPDCCH according to the combinations defined in Table 20.

[0262] Table 20: NPDCCH configured to initiate the "PDCCH command" for random access procedures

[0263] [Table 20]

[0264] For example, if during the random access procedure, regardless of whether the UE is configured to decode the NPDCCH with the CRC scrambled by the C-RNTI, the UE is configured by the higher layers to decode the NPDCCH with the CRC scrambled by the temporary C-RNTI, then the UE can decode the NPDCCH and send the corresponding NPUSCH according to the combinations defined in Table 21. For example, the scrambling initialization of the NPUSCH corresponding to these NPDCCHs can be performed by the temporary C-RNTI.

[0265] For example, if the provisional C-RNTI is set by a higher layer, the scrambling initialization of the NPUSCH corresponding to the narrowband random access response grant in Clause 16.3.3 of 3GPP TS 36.213, and any NPUSCH retransmissions for the same transport block, can be performed by the provisional C-RNTI. Otherwise, the scrambling initialization of the NPUSCH corresponding to the narrowband random access response grant in Clause 16.3.3 of 3GPP TS 36.213, and any NPUSCH retransmissions for the same transport block, can be performed by the C-RNTI.

[0266] For example, if during the random access procedure, the UE is also configured by a higher layer to decode an NPDCCH with a CRC scrambled by C-RNTI, the UE can decode the NPDCCH and send the corresponding NPUSCH according to the combinations defined in Table 21. For example, the scrambling initialization of the NPUSCH corresponding to these NPDCCHs can be performed by C-RNTI.

[0267] Table 21: NPDCCH and NPUSCH configured by temporary C-RNTI and / or C-RNTI during the random access procedure

[0268] [Table 21]

[0269] For example, if the UE is configured by a higher layer to decode an NPDCCH with a CRC scrambled by SPS C-RNTI, the UE can decode the NPDCCH according to the combinations defined in Table 22, and if a transport block corresponding to the HARQ process for NPUSCH transmission is generated as described in [8], the corresponding NPUSCH is transmitted. For example, the scrambling initialization of the NPUSCH corresponding to these NPDCCHs and the scrambling initialization of NPUSCH retransmissions for the same transport block can be performed by SPS C-RNTI. For example, the initial transmission of the NPUSCH without a corresponding NPDCCH and the scrambling initialization of NPUSCH retransmissions for the same transport block can be performed by SPS C-RNTI.

[0270] Table 22: NPDCCH and NPUSCH configured by SPS C-RNTI

[0271] [Table 22]

[0272] For example, the UE can transmit NPUSCH on pre-configured uplink resources based on the configuration of the higher layer. For example, scrambling initialization for NPUSCH transmission using pre-configured uplink resources can be performed by PUR-RNTI.

[0273] For example, if the UE is configured by the higher layer to decode an NPDCCH with a CRC scrambled by PUR-RNTI, the UE can decode the NPDCCH according to the combinations defined in Table 23, and send the corresponding NPUSCH if the indication in the DCI corresponds to a retransmission of a transport block sent using pre-configured uplink resources. For example, the scrambling initialization of the NPUSCH corresponding to these NPDCCHs and the NPUSCH retransmission for the same transport block can be performed by PUR-RNTI.

[0274] Table 23: NPDCCH and NPUSCH configured by PUR-RNTI

[0275] [Table 23]

[0276] 2.5.1.1 Resource Allocation

[0277] For example, resource allocation information in uplink DCI format N0 used for NPUSCH transmission, or resource allocation information configured by higher layers for NPUSCH transmission using pre-configured uplink resources, can be indicated to the scheduled UE: - By subcarrier indicator field or PUR-Config-NB High-level parameters in npusch- SubCarrierSetIndex A set of consecutively allocated subcarriers of a defined resource unit ( ) - The number of resource units determined by the resource assignment field according to Table 25 ( ), or by PUR-Config-NB High-level parameters in npusch-NumRUsIndex Determined number of resource units - The number of repetitions determined by the repeating number segment according to Table 26 ( Furthermore, for NPUSCH transmissions using pre-configured uplink resources, the UE can use the number of repetitions configured by the higher layers; except for NPUSCHs using 16QAM, where .

[0278] For example, the subcarrier spacing transmitted by NPUSCH It can be determined by the following: - In the case of NPUSCH transmission using pre-configured uplink resources and subsequent NPUSCH transmissions before receiving a narrowband random access response grant, the parameters are determined by higher layers. npusch-SubCarrierSetIndex Sure, - Otherwise, it shall be determined by the uplink subcarrier spacing field in the narrowband random access response grant, in accordance with Clause 16.3.3 of 3GPP TS 36.213.

[0279] For example, for subcarrier spacing NPUSCH sent, ,in It can be a subcarrier indication field, and =48,49,...,63 can be reserved, or for NPUSCH transmissions using pre-configured uplink resources, n sc It can be by PUR-Config-NB High-level parameters in npusch-SubCarrierSetIndex Configuration.

[0280] For example, for subcarrier spacing NPUSCH transmission, subcarrier indication field in DCI ( Or for NPUSCH transmissions using pre-configured uplink resources PUR-Config-NB In npusch- SubCarrierSetIndex The set of consecutively allocated subcarriers can be determined according to Table 24. ).

[0281] Table 24: For The allocation of subcarriers for NPUSCH.

[0282] [Table 24]

[0283] Table 25: Number of resource units for NPUSCH ( ).

[0284] [Table 25]

[0285] Table 26: Number of repetitions for NPUSCH ( ).

[0286] [Table 26]

[0287] 2.5.1.2 Determining the modulation order, redundancy version, and transport block size

[0288] For example, to determine the modulation order, redundancy version, and transport block size of the NPUSCH, the UE can first: - Read the "Modulation and Coding Scheme" field from the DCI ( ), or the "modulation and coding scheme" field configured by a higher layer for transmission using pre-configured uplink resources via NPUSCH, and - Read the "Redundant Version" field in DCI ( ), or for NPUSCH transmissions using pre-configured uplink resources, to The beginning, and - Read the "Resource Assignment" field from the DCI ( ), or the "resource assignment" field configured by a higher layer for use with pre-configured uplink resources via NPUSCH, and - The total number of subcarriers allocated is calculated according to clause 2.5.1.1 ( ), number of resource units ( ) and number of repetitions ( ).

[0289] For example, if the UE is configured with higher-level parameters edt-Parameters Furthermore, if the most recent NPUSCH transmission includes a transport block with an EDT, the UE may not expect to receive a DCI indicating an NPUSCH retransmission as part of a contention-based random access procedure, where 3 ≤ I MCS ≤ 14.

[0290] For example, if the UE is configured with higher-level parameters edt-Parameters And for NPUSCH retransmissions of the same transport block, including EDT, as part of a contention-based random access procedure, in the DCI , - The modulation order can be set to .

[0291] - If the UE is configured with higher-level parameters edt-SmallTBS-Enabled If set to 'true', the number of NPUSCH retransmissions can be equal to or greater than 1. The smallest integer multiple of the value of L, where It can be a TBS corresponding to the NPUSCH sent by the narrowband random access response grant scheduling, and It can be determined by high-level parameters edt-TBS Provided.

[0292] For example, otherwise, if the UE is configured with higher-level parameters edt-Parameters And if the DCI indicates a retransmission as part of a contention-based random access procedure, where And the most recent NPUSCH transmissions include transport blocks with EDT. - For TBS and modulation can be determined according to Table 27, and the transport block may not include EDT.

[0293] Table 27: MCS Index of Msg3 NPUSCH

[0294] [Table 27]

[0295] For example, otherwise, if the UE is configured with higher-level parameters npusch-16QAM-Config And DCI is mapped to the UE-specific search space and Set to '1111', or for NPUSCH transmission using pre-configured uplink resources and higher layer parameters pur-UL-16QAM-Config Configured = 4.

[0296] For example, otherwise, if The UE can use the modulation order = 2. For example, if UE can use Use Table 28 to determine the modulation order used for NPUSCH.

[0297] Table 28: For Modulation and TBS index table of NPUSCH.

[0298] [Table 28]

[0299] For example, if the UE is configured with higher-level parameters npusch-MultiTB-Config And if multiple TBs are scheduled in the corresponding DCI, then It can be used for every TB.

[0300] For example, the NPUSCH associated with a TB can be in N NB-IoT UL slots n associated with that TB. i Transmitted in (i=0,1,...,N-1). For example, for the NPUSCH transmission in the j-th block of B consecutive NB-IoT UL timeslots associated with this TB, n i , Redundant version associated with this TB It can be by Determined, if If so, then L=1; otherwise... For example, the TB associated with clause 6.3.2 of 3GPP TS 36.213 in [4] is defined as having The NPUSCH codeword portion is mapped to the allocated... Time slots of each resource unit It can be used in the NB-IoT UL time slot n associated with this TB. i Sending from the middle, for , For Δf = 15kHz, .

[0301] For example, the UE can use ( , (and Table 29) determine the TBS used for NPUSCH. For example, if ,but This can be given in Table 28; or, if 16QAM NPUSCH is used (except for NPUSCH transmission using pre-configured uplink resources, in which case...) (Given by the higher level in PUR-Config-NB), then ;otherwise .For example, It can be the value of "modulation and coding scheme for 16QAM" in DCI.

[0302] - If using 16QAM NPUSCH, then ,otherwise .

[0303] Table 29: Transport Block Size (TBS) for NPUSCH.

[0304] [Table 29]

[0305] For example, for the NPDCCH UE-specific search space, if the UE is configured with higher-layer parameters... twoHARQ- ProcessesConfig Or the UE is configured with higher-level parameters. npusch-MultiTB-Config And a single TB was scheduled in the corresponding DCI: - The NDI and HARQ process IDs signaled on the NPDCCH, along with the RV and TBS identified above, can be delivered to higher layers. For example, otherwise: - The NDI signaling on the NPDCCH, along with the RV and TBS as defined above, can be delivered to higher layers. This is if the UE is configured with higher-layer parameters. npusch-MultiTB-ConfigFurthermore, if multiple TBs are scheduled in the corresponding DCI, then for the first TB, we can assume that the HARQ process ID is 0, and for the second TB, we can assume that the HARQ process ID is 1.

[0306] 2.5.2 UE Procedure for NPUSCH Retransmission

[0307] For example, for NPUSCH retransmission, the UE can follow the HARQ information in the DCI specified in [8].

[0308] For example, it may be necessary to support code division multiplexing (CDM) between different NPUSCH DMRS that use the same time / frequency resources.

[0309] Various embodiments or combinations thereof disclosed herein can be applied independently to monotone transmission and multitone transmission.

[0310] Various embodiments of this disclosure, or combinations thereof, can be applied independently depending on the number of subcarriers allocated for transmission.

[0311] Various embodiments of this disclosure, or combinations thereof, can be applied independently based on the content transmitted by the NPUSCH (e.g., SIB1-NB, SIB, paging, information related to the random access procedure, or other data).

[0312] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the multiplexing correlation parameters for NPUSCH DMRS can be implicitly determined by the multiplexing correlation parameters for NPUSCH data, and / or the determination in the opposite direction can also be extended and applied.

[0313] Various embodiments of this disclosure, or combinations thereof, can be applied independently depending on the satellite's payload type (e.g., regenerative payload or transparent payload).

[0314] Various embodiments of this disclosure, or combinations thereof, can be applied independently depending on the type of non-terrestrial network node (e.g., GEO, NGEO, LEO, MEO, HASP, or UAV), altitude, fixed beam coverage area, or cell mobile beam coverage area.

[0315] Various embodiments of this disclosure, or combinations thereof, can be applied independently depending on whether NB-IoT UL transmission occurs on pre-configured UL resources.

[0316] For example, for NPUSCH (Format 1) transmissions with a number of allocated subcarriers greater than 1, OCC can be applied to DMRS sequences in the subcarrier domain.

[0317] For example, the length of the OCC can be the same as the number of subcarriers allocated for transmission against the NPUSCH.

[0318] For example, the OCC index, OCC sequence, or its candidate values ​​can be configured for each cell and / or each UE and / or for each of the DG NPUSCH and SPS NPUSCH via cell-specific and / or UE-specific RRCs.

[0319] For example, the OCC index or OCC sequence can be indicated in the scheduling NPUSCH or the DCI format indicating SPS activation.

[0320] For example, the OCC index or OCC sequence can be determined based on the resources of the NPDCCH in the DCI format used to schedule NPUSCH (e.g., lowest or highest NCCE, or NREG, or PRB, or subcarrier, or NPDCCH candidate index, or aggregation level, or repetition count).

[0321] For example, for NPUSCH (Format 1) transmissions with a number of allocated subcarriers greater than 1, the cyclic shift value of the DMRS sequence can be configured / indicated / determined differently between NPUSCH transmissions of different UEs within the same NB-IoT cell or within the coverage area of ​​the same serving satellite.

[0322] For example, information related to cyclic shift values ​​and / or cyclic shift candidate values ​​can be configured via cell-specific and / or UE-specific RRCs, for each cell and / or each UE and / or for each of the DG NPUSCH and SPS NPUSCH.

[0323] For example, the cyclic shift value can be indicated in the scheduling NPUSCH or the DCI format indicating SPS activation.

[0324] For example, the cyclic shift value can be determined based on the resources of the NPDCCH in the DCI format used to schedule the NPUSCH (e.g., lowest or highest NCCE, or NREG, or PRB, or subcarrier, or NPDCCH candidate index, or aggregation level, or number of repetitions).

[0325] For example, for NPUSCH (Format 1) transmission with a number of allocated subcarriers greater than 1, multiple DMRS sequences or their corresponding indices are allowed within the same NB-IoT cell or the coverage area of ​​the same serving satellite.

[0326] For example, the additional second DMRS sequence index can be determined based on the first DMRS sequence selected based on the cell ID. For example, a predefined offset value or an offset value configured by RRC (addition and / or modulo operation) can be applied.

[0327] For example, an additional second DMRS sequence index can be configured via cell-specific and / or UE-specific RRC signaling.

[0328] For example, the second DMRS sequence can be selected from the same set of candidates as the first DMRS sequence.

[0329] For example, the second DMRS sequence can be selected from a set that is separate from the candidate set of the first DMRS sequence.

[0330] For example, when the UE sends an NPUSCH, whether the first DMRS sequence and / or the second DMRS sequence are used can be indicated in the scheduling NPUSCH or the DCI format indicating SPS activation.

[0331] For example, when a UE sends an NPUSCH, whether to use the first DMRS sequence and / or the second DMRS sequence can be determined based on the resources of the NPDCCH in the DCI format used to schedule the NPUSCH (e.g., minimum or maximum NCCE, or NREG, or PRB, or subcarrier, or NPDCCH candidate index, or aggregation level, or repetition count).

[0332] For example, for NPUSCH (Format 1) transmission with an allocated number of subcarriers of 1, multiple DMRS OCC sequences or their corresponding indices are allowed within the same NB-IoT cell or the coverage area of ​​the same serving satellite.

[0333] For example, the additional second DMRS OCC sequence index can be determined based on the first DMRS OCC sequence selected based on the cell ID. For example, a predefined offset value or an offset value configured by RRC (addition and / or modulo operation) can be applied.

[0334] For example, an additional second DMRS OCC sequence index can be configured via cell-specific and / or UE-specific RRC signaling.

[0335] For example, the second DMRS OCC sequence can be selected from the same set of candidates as the first DMRS sequence.

[0336] For example, the second DMRS OCC sequence can be selected from a set separate from the candidate set of the first DMRS sequence.

[0337] For example, when the UE sends NPUSCH, whether to use the first DMRS OCC sequence and / or the second DMRS OCC sequence can be indicated in the scheduling NPUSCH or the DCI format indicating SPS activation.

[0338] For example, when a UE sends an NPUSCH, whether to use the first DMRS sequence and / or the second DMRS sequence can be determined based on the resources of the NPDCCH in the DCI format used to schedule the NPUSCH (e.g., minimum or maximum NCCE, or NREG, or PRB, or subcarrier, or NPDCCH candidate index, or aggregation level, or repetition count).

[0339] For example, for NPUSCH (Format 1) transmission with an allocated number of subcarriers of 1, multiple DMRS sequences are allowed within the same NB-IoT cell or the coverage area of ​​the same serving satellite.

[0340] For example, the random seed value used to generate the pseudo-random sequence to generate the additional first DMRS sequence can be configured via cell-specific and / or UE-specific RRCs, for each cell and / or each UE and / or for each of the DG NPUSCH and SPS NPUSCH.

[0341] For example, the additional random seed value can be in the form of an offset value of the random seed value applied to the first DMRS sequence.

[0342] For example, when a UE transmits an NPUSCH, whether to use the first DMRS sequence and / or the second DMRS sequence can be indicated in the scheduling NPUSCH or the DCI format indicating SPS activation. For example, whether to use the first DMRS sequence and / or the second DMRS sequence can vary depending on the OCC index of the data and / or the DMRS (used for CDM within the cell). For example, the first DMRS sequence can be used when the OCC codeword is [1 ... 1] or [1 1], and / or the second DMRS sequence can be used when the OCC codeword is [1 -1 ... 1-1] or [1 -1].

[0343] For example, when a UE sends an NPUSCH, whether to use the first DMRS sequence and / or the second DMRS sequence can be determined based on the resources of the NPDCCH in the DCI format used to schedule the NPUSCH (e.g., minimum or maximum NCCE, or NREG, or PRB, or subcarrier, or NPDCCH candidate index, or aggregation level, or repetition count).

[0344] For example, when multiplexing capacity is increased by applying OCC to NPUSCH format 1, the number of DMRS symbols within a time slot can be increased.

[0345] For example, when an OCC is applied to at least the data symbols of NPUSCH format 1, the DMRS pattern of NPUSCH format 1 can inherit the DMRS pattern of NPUSCH format 2. For example, in the above case, a time-domain OCC can be applied to the DMRS symbols within a time slot. For example, in the above case, an OCC of length 4 can be applied to the data symbols, and a Hadamard-Walsh code can be used. For example, in the above case, an OCC of length 2 can be applied to the data symbols by grouping them into pairs of consecutive symbols.

[0346] For example, DMRS symbols in adjacent time slots can have structures that are adjacent to each other. For example, in even time slots, DMRS can be mapped to symbols with indices 5 and 6 or the last N consecutive symbols (e.g., N=2 or 3) within the time slot, and / or in odd time slots, DMRS can be mapped to symbols with indices 0 and 1 or the first M consecutive symbols (e.g., M=2 or 3) within the time slot. For example, OCC can be applied to data symbols before and / or after the DMRS symbol regions of two adjacent time slots.

[0347] For example, the number of DMRS patterns and / or DMRS symbols in NPUSCH format 1 can be determined differently depending on whether OCC activation is indicated / configured and / or whether OCC index value is indicated / configured.

[0348] For example, when an application uses OCC to apply to NPUSCH (Format 1) or a scheme to increase multiplexing capacity, and / or when the DMRS pattern of NPUSCH Format 1 is changed, the UE may expect the number of DMRS symbols included in each slot to be odd. For example, this could be because the number of data symbols is a multiple of 2 or 4, so that OCCs of length 2 or 4 can be applied to the data symbols.

[0349] For example, when applying OCC to NPUSCH (Format 1) or to improve multiplexing capacity, DMRS time division multiplexing (TDM) between different NPUSCH transmissions with the same time-frequency resources or with fully or partially overlapping time-frequency resources can be considered. As an example, for DMRS symbol positions n0, n1, n2, n3, n4, ... of an NPUSCH transmission, a particular NPUSCH can be transmitted at DMRS symbol positions n0, n1, n4, n5, ..., and another NPUSCH (subject to CDM) can be transmitted at DMRS symbol positions n2, n3, n6, n7, ...

[0350] For example, to support DMRS sequences for conventional NPUSCHs without OCC and / or DMRS TDM for time-domain OCC (e.g., for cell randomization), sequence values ​​and / or time-domain OCC values ​​corresponding to DMRS symbol positions where DMRS is not actually transmitted can be excluded (e.g., intermittently). The advantage is that, for the transmission formats of two multiplexed NPUSCHs, the DMRS sequences and / or time-domain OCC can be adjusted to a level similar to that of a general NPUSCH without OCC.

[0351] For example, in order to support DMRS sequences for conventional NPUSCH without OCC and / or DMRS TDM for time-domain OCC (e.g., for cell randomization), the sequences and / or time-domain OCC can be sequentially mapped / applied to the DMRS symbol positions of the actual transmitted DMRS.

[0352] For example, the form in which the UE transmits TDM-based DMRS for NPUSCH or transmits actual DMRS only on some DMRS symbols out of all DMRS symbols can be restricted to the case where the base station uses another NPUSCH transmission that uses the same resources in the time-frequency domain as the NPUSCH transmission or uses resources that fully or partially overlap with the NPUSCH transmission.

[0353] When only a single OCC is applied, if there are DMRS sequences from multiple cells, there may be a problem where these DMRS sequences are mistakenly identified as DMRS from the same cell.

[0354] Figure 11 The present disclosure illustrates a process related to DMRS based on an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 11 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0355] Reference Figure 11 In step S1110, the first device can obtain a first DMRS sequence by applying a first OCC to a random sequence. For example, the first device can be a UE. For example, the first device can be a UE associated with an NTN. For example, the second device can be a base station. For example, the second device can be a base station associated with an NTN. In step S1120, the first device can obtain a second DMRS sequence by applying a second OCC to the first DMRS sequence. In step S1130, the first device can send DMRS to the second device on the NPUSCH based on the second DMRS sequence.

[0356] For example, targeting Reference signal sequence It can be defined as follows. For example, It may include the first DMRS sequence.

[0357]

[0358] For example, binary sequences This can be defined by Clause 7.2 of 3GPP TS 36.211, and can be used at the start of NPUSCH transmission. Initialization. For example, quantity. This can be given in Table 7, where for NPUSCH format 2, For NPUSCH format 1, this also applies if group frequency hopping is not enabled; and for NPUSCH format 1, if group frequency hopping is enabled, it is as given in clause 1.1.4.1.3. For example, quantity It can be configured independently based on the cell ID.

[0359] For example, when the UE supports CDM for NPUSCH DMRS within a cell using OCC or a similar scheme, the DMRS sequence can be repeated according to the length of the OCC, and the repetition scheme can be a scheme that maps the same sequence value for the same OCC code.

[0360] For example, for NPUSCH format 1 monotone 15kHz SCS, for CDM DMRS with conventional patterns, OCC can be applied according to the following equation. For example, DMRS symbols can be spread before applying OCC.

[0361]

[0362] For example, where M can be the OCC length, q can be the OCC codeword assigned to the UE, and It can be the reference signal sequence defined in section 1.1.4.1.1. For example, This may include a second DMRS sequence. For example, M can be 2. For example, q can be configured independently by cell ID.

[0363] For example, for NPUSCH format 1 single-tone 15kHz SCS, for CDM DMRS with a conventional pattern, OCC can be applied according to the following equation. For example, OCC can be applied to conventional complex-valued DMRS symbols used in slots 1 and 2. For example, DMRS symbols may not be spread before applying OCC.

[0364]

[0365] For example, where M can be the OCC length, q can be the OCC codeword assigned to the UE, and It can be the reference signal sequence defined in section 1.1.4.1.1. For example, This may include a second DMRS sequence. For example, M can be 2. For example, q can be configured independently by cell ID.

[0366] For example, for NPUSCH format 1 single-tone 15kHz SCS, OCC can be applied to complex-valued DMRS symbols used in slots 1 and 2 for CDM DMRS with a conventional pattern. For example, different DMRS sequences can be used depending on the OCC codeword. For example, DMRS symbols may not be spread before applying OCC.

[0367] For example, for NPUSCH format 1 single-tone 15kHz SCS, for CDM DMRS with conventional patterns, DMRS symbols may not be spread and OCC may not be applied. For example, conventional complex-valued DMRS symbols may be used in the time slot corresponding to the OCC codeword of NPUSCH. For example, different DMRS sequences may be used to multiplex the UE.

[0368] In embodiments of this disclosure, the application of temporal OCC can be extended / interpreted as cross-slot application and / or intra-slot application and / or intra-subframe application and / or application repeated across NPUSCH.

[0369] By applying dual OCC, even when DMRS sequences originate from multiple cells, it is possible to distinguish DMRS sequences and avoid misidentifying them as DMRS from the same cell. This method allows DMRS sequences generated from multiple cells to be clearly distinguished by applying dual OCC to the DMRS sequences. Specifically, by applying a second OCC consecutively after the first OCC, each cell's DMRS sequence maintains its unique characteristics even in dense network environments. This enables the independent identification of each cell's DMRS sequence, even when multiple cells overlap or transmit similar DMRS patterns. The application of dual OCC generates a more complex and unique DMRS signature for each cell, making it easier and more accurate for the receiver to identify and distinguish signals originating from different cells, which is related to improved distinguishability. By making DMRS sequences uniquely identifiable, overall network performance can be improved by minimizing the possibility of interference caused by overlapping reference signals generated by adjacent cells, which is related to reduced inter-cell interference. When DMRS sequences can be distinguished, channel estimation and demodulation can become more accurate, thereby improving data integrity and communication link reliability, which is related to improved signal integrity and reliability. The ability to uniquely identify DMRS sequences originating from multiple cells supports scalability, enabling efficient management of reference signals in dense cell deployment environments, which is related to scalability in dense networks. The dual OCC approach provides flexibility in allocating DMRS sequences based on various network topologies and configurations, adapting to diverse network settings without compromising the uniqueness of reference signals, which is related to network configuration flexibility. In summary, applying dual OCC to DMRS sequences offers significant advantages in ensuring the distinguishability of reference signals in multi-cell environments. This not only improves the robustness and efficiency of communication systems but also supports the deployment of dense networks with improved performance and reliability.

[0370] The proposed method can be applied to the apparatus described below. First, the processor 202 of the receiving UE can be configured with at least one bandwidth portion (BWP). Then, the processor 202 of the receiving UE can control the transceiver 206 of the receiving UE to receive, on the at least one BWP, the physical channel and / or reference signal associated with inter-UE communication (e.g., SL communication) from the transmitting UE.

[0371] Figure 12 A method for performing wireless communication by a first device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 12 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0372] Reference Figure 12In step S1210, the first device can obtain a random sequence. In step S1220, the first device can obtain a first demodulation reference signal (DMRS) sequence by applying a first OCC with length repetition based on a first orthogonal cover code (OCC) to the random sequence. In step S1230, the first device can obtain a second DMRS sequence by applying a second OCC with length repetition based on a second OCC to the first DMRS sequence.

[0373] For example, the first DMRS sequence may include a sequence. For example, a portion of the second DMRS sequence may be obtained based on applying a second OCC to said sequence.

[0374] For example, a portion of the second DMRS sequence may include multiple sequences.

[0375] For example, a portion of the second DMRS sequence may include a sequence that is not related to the sequence included in the first DMRS sequence.

[0376] For example, the second DMRS sequence can be obtained based on a portion of the first DMRS sequence.

[0377] For example, the number of said portions of the first DMRS sequence can be determined based on the length of the second OCC.

[0378] For example, the number of portions of the first DMRS sequence can be determined based on dividing the number of the second DMRS sequence by the length of the second OCC.

[0379] For example, the first device can transmit DMRS on the narrowband physical uplink shared channel (NPUSCH) based on the second DMRS sequence.

[0380] For example, the length of the first OCC can be 16.

[0381] For example, the first OCC can be based on the cell identifier (ID).

[0382] For example, the first OCC and the second OCC can be configured independently.

[0383] For example, the second OCC can be associated with code division multiplexing (CDM).

[0384] The proposed method can be applied to apparatuses based on various embodiments of this disclosure. First, the processor 102 of the first apparatus 100 can obtain a random sequence. Second, the processor 102 of the first apparatus 100 can obtain a first demodulation reference signal (DMRS) sequence by applying a first OCC with length repetition based on a first orthogonal cover code (OCC) to the random sequence. Third, the processor 102 of the first apparatus 100 can obtain a second DMRS sequence by applying a second OCC with length repetition based on a second OCC to the first DMRS sequence.

[0385] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, a first apparatus may be provided. For example, the first apparatus may include: obtaining a random sequence; obtaining a first demodulation reference signal (DMRS) sequence by applying a first OCC with a length repeating based on a first orthogonal cover code (OCC) to the random sequence; and obtaining a second DMRS sequence by applying a second OCC with a length repeating based on a second OCC to the first DMRS sequence.

[0386] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, a processing apparatus suitable for controlling a first device can be provided. The processing apparatus may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, can cause the first device to perform operations including: obtaining a random sequence; obtaining a first demodulation reference signal (DMRS) sequence by applying a first OCC with a length repeating based on a first orthogonal cover code (OCC) to the random sequence; and obtaining a second DMRS sequence by applying a second OCC with a length repeating based on a second OCC to the first DMRS sequence.

[0387] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions can be provided. For example, the instructions, when executed, can cause a first device to perform operations including: obtaining a random sequence; obtaining a first demodulation reference signal (DMRS) sequence by applying a first OCC, which is repeated for a length based on a first orthogonal cover code (OCC), to the random sequence; and obtaining a second DMRS sequence by applying a second OCC, which is repeated for a length based on a second OCC, to the first DMRS sequence.

[0388] Figure 13 A method for performing wireless communication by a second device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 13 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0389] Reference Figure 13In step S1310, the second device may receive a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) on a narrowband physical uplink shared channel (NPUSCH). For example, the DMRS may be based on a second DMRS sequence. For example, the second DMRS sequence may be obtained by applying a second OCC with length repetition based on a second OCC to a first DMRS sequence. For example, the first DMRS sequence may be obtained by applying a first OCC with length repetition based on a first OCC to a random sequence.

[0390] For example, the first DMRS sequence may include a sequence. For example, a portion of the second DMRS sequence may be obtained based on applying a second OCC to said sequence.

[0391] For example, a portion of the second DMRS sequence may include multiple sequences.

[0392] For example, a portion of the second DMRS sequence may include a sequence that is not related to the sequence included in the first DMRS sequence.

[0393] For example, the second DMRS sequence can be obtained based on a portion of the first DMRS sequence.

[0394] For example, the number of said portions of the first DMRS sequence can be determined based on the length of the second OCC.

[0395] For example, the number of portions of the first DMRS sequence can be determined based on dividing the number of the second DMRS sequence by the length of the second OCC.

[0396] For example, the length of the first OCC can be 16.

[0397] For example, the first OCC can be based on the cell identifier (ID).

[0398] For example, the first OCC and the second OCC can be configured independently.

[0399] For example, the second OCC can be associated with code division multiplexing (CDM).

[0400] The various embodiments disclosed herein can be combined with each other.

[0401] The following will describe apparatuses to which various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0402] The proposed method can be applied to apparatuses based on various embodiments of this disclosure. First, the processor 202 of the second apparatus 200 can control the transceiver 206 to receive a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) on a narrowband physical uplink shared channel (NPUSCH). For example, the DMRS can be based on a second DMRS sequence. For example, the second DMRS sequence can be obtained by applying a second OCC with length repetition based on a second OCC to a first DMRS sequence. For example, the first DMRS sequence can be obtained by applying a first OCC with length repetition based on a first OCC to a random sequence.

[0403] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, a second apparatus can be provided. For example, the second apparatus may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, can cause the second apparatus to perform operations including: receiving a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) on a narrowband physical uplink shared channel (NPUSCH). For example, the DMRS may be based on a second DMRS sequence. For example, the second DMRS sequence may be obtained by applying a second OCC with length repetition based on a second OCC to a first DMRS sequence. For example, the first DMRS sequence may be obtained by applying a first OCC with length repetition based on a first OCC to a random sequence.

[0404] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, a processing apparatus suitable for controlling a second device can be provided. The processing apparatus may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, can cause the second device to perform operations including: receiving a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) on a narrowband physical uplink shared channel (NPUSCH). For example, the DMRS may be based on a second DMRS sequence. For example, the second DMRS sequence may be obtained by applying a second OCC with a length repeating based on a second OCC to a first DMRS sequence. For example, the first DMRS sequence may be obtained by applying a first OCC with a length repeating based on a first OCC to a random sequence.

[0405] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions can be provided. For example, the instructions, when executed, can cause a second device to perform operations including receiving a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) on a narrowband physical uplink shared channel (NPUSCH). For example, the DMRS may be based on a second DMRS sequence. For example, the second DMRS sequence may be obtained by applying a second OCC with length repetition based on a second OCC to a first DMRS sequence. For example, the first DMRS sequence may be obtained by applying a first OCC with length repetition based on a first OCC to a random sequence.

[0406] The various descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operating procedures described herein can be applied to, but are not limited to, various fields requiring wireless communication / connectivity between devices (e.g., 5G).

[0407] The following description will be more detailed with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following drawings / description, unless otherwise described, the same reference numerals may denote the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or functional blocks.

[0408] Figure 14 A communication system 1 based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 14 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0409] Reference Figure 14The communication system 1, which applies various embodiments of this disclosure, includes wireless devices, base stations (BS), and networks. Herein, a wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a radio access technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G New RAT (NR) or Long Term Evolution (LTE)) and may be referred to as a communication / radio / 5G device. Wireless devices may include, but are not limited to, robots 100a, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2, extended reality (XR) devices 100c, handheld devices 100d, home appliances 100e, Internet of Things (IoT) devices 100f, and artificial intelligence (AI) devices / servers 400. For example, a vehicle may include a vehicle with wireless communication capabilities, an autonomous vehicle, and a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication. Herein, a vehicle may include unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) (e.g., drones) and / or aircraft (AVs) (e.g., advanced air traffic (AAM)). XR devices can include augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) / mixed reality (MR) devices, and can take the form of head-up displays (HMDs), head-up displays (HUDs) installed in vehicles, televisions, smartphones, computers, wearable devices, home appliances, digital signage, vehicles, robots, etc. Handheld devices can include smartphones, smart tablets, wearable devices (e.g., smartwatches or smart glasses) and computers (e.g., laptops). Home appliances can include TVs, refrigerators, and washing machines. IoT devices can include sensors and smart meters. For example, the BS and network can be implemented as wireless devices, and a particular wireless device 200a can operate as a BS / network node relative to other wireless devices.

[0410] Here, the wireless communication technologies implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of this disclosure may include narrowband Internet of Things (IoT) for low-power communication, in addition to LTE, NR, and 6G. In this case, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technology and may be implemented as a standard such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the aforementioned names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technologies implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of this disclosure may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. In this case, as an example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN and may be referred to by various names including enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC). For example, LTE-M technology may be implemented as at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE Cat 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-bandwidth limited (non-BL), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE machine-type communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the aforementioned names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technologies implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of this disclosure may include at least one of Bluetooth, Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN), and ZigBee, which takes into account low power communication, and are not limited to the aforementioned names. As an example, ZigBee technology may generate personal area networks (PANs) related to small / low power digital communication based on various standards including IEEE 802.15.4, and may be referred to by various names.

[0411] Wireless devices 100a to 100f can connect to network 300 via BS 200. AI technology can be applied to wireless devices 100a to 100f, and wireless devices 100a to 100f can connect to AI server 400 via network 300. Network 300 can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. Although wireless devices 100a to 100f can communicate with each other via BS 200 / network 300, wireless devices 100a to 100f can perform direct communication with each other (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the BS / network. For example, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 can perform direct communication (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) / vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.

[0412] Wireless communication / connections 150a, 150b, or 150c can be established between wireless devices 100a to 100f / BS 200, or between BS 200 / BS 200. In this document, wireless communication / connections can be established via various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication 150a, sidelink communication 150b (or D2D communication), or inter-BS communication (e.g., relay, access backhaul integration (IAB)). Wireless devices and BS / wireless devices can transmit / receive radio signals to / from each other via wireless communication / connections 150a and 150b. For example, wireless communication / connections 150a and 150b can transmit / receive signals via various physical channels. For this purpose, at least a portion of various configuration information configuration processes, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel coding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, and resource mapping / demapping), and resource allocation processes for transmitting / receiving radio signals can be performed based on various proposals of this disclosure.

[0413] Figure 15 A wireless device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 15 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0414] Reference Figure 15 The first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200 can transmit radio signals via various RATs (e.g., LTE and NR). In this document, {first wireless device 100 and second wireless device 200} can correspond to... Figure 14 The {Wireless Device 100x and BS 200} and / or {Wireless Device 100x and Wireless Device 100x}.

[0415] The first wireless device 100 may include one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104, and may additionally include one or more transceivers 106 and / or one or more antennas 108. The processors 102 may control the memories 104 and / or the transceivers 106, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein. For example, the processors 102 may process information in the memories 104 to generate a first information / signal, and then transmit a radio signal including the first information / signal via the transceivers 106. The processors 102 may receive a radio signal including a second information / signal via the transceivers 106, and then store the information obtained by processing the second information / signal in the memories 104. One or more memories 104 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and may store various information related to the operation of one or more processors 102. For example, one or more memories 104 may store software code including instructions for performing part or all of the processing controlled by one or more processors 102 or for performing the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operational flows disclosed herein. In this document, one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). One or more transceivers 106 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and transmit and / or receive radio signals via one or more antennas 108. Each transceiver 106 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. One or more transceivers 106 may be used interchangeably with radio frequency (RF) units. In this disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0416] The second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204, and may additionally include one or more transceivers 206 and / or one or more antennas 208. The processors 202 may control the memories 204 and / or the transceivers 206, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document. For example, the processors 202 may process information in the memories 204 to generate a third message / signal, and then transmit a radio signal including the third message / signal via the transceivers 206. The processors 202 may receive a radio signal including a fourth message / signal via the transceivers 206, and then store the information obtained by processing the fourth message / signal in the memories 204. One or more memories 204 may be connected to one or more processors 202 and may store various information related to the operation of one or more processors 202. For example, one or more memories 204 may store software code including instructions for performing part or all of the processing controlled by one or more processors 202 or for performing the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. In this document, one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). One or more transceivers 206 may be connected to one or more processors 202 and transmit and / or receive radio signals via one or more antennas 208. Each transceiver 206 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. One or more transceivers 206 may be used interchangeably with RF units. In this disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0417] The hardware elements of wireless devices 100 and 200 will be described in more detail below. One or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors 102 and 202, but are not limited thereto. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP). One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information, in accordance with the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operating procedures disclosed in this document, and provide the generated signals to one or more transceivers 106 and 206. One or more processors 102 and 202 may receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers 106 and 206, and acquire PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information in accordance with the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operating procedures disclosed in this document.

[0418] One or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. One or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and such firmware or software may be configured to include modules, processes, or functions. Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202, or stored in one or more memories 104 and 204 to be driven by one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operating procedures disclosed in this document can be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, commands, and / or command sets.

[0419] One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and / or commands. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be composed of read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard disk drive, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be located internally and / or externally to one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 via various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0420] One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the methods and / or operating procedures of this document to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operating procedures disclosed in this document from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and transmit and receive radio signals. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may perform control such that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one or more other devices. One or more processors 102 and 202 may perform control such that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information, or radio signals from one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more antennas 108 and 208, and one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational procedures disclosed in this document through one or more antennas 108 and 208. In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert received radio signals / channels, etc., from RF band signals to baseband signals for processing by one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert the processed user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., from baseband signals to RF band signals using one or more processors 102 and 202. For this purpose, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0421] Figure 16 A signal processing circuit for transmitting signals based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 16 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0422] Reference Figure 16 The signal processing circuit 1000 may include a scrambler 1010, a modulator 1020, a layer mapper 1030, a pre-encoder 1040, a resource mapper 1050, and a signal generator 1060. It can perform... Figure 16 Operations / functions, but not limited to Figure 15Processors 102 and 202 and / or transceivers 106 and 206. Figure 16 The hardware components can be used Figure 15 The processors 102 and 202 and / or transceivers 106 and 206 are used for implementation. For example, boxes 1010 to 1060 can be implemented using... Figure 15 Processors 102 and 202 are used for implementation. Alternatively, blocks 1010 to 1050 can be implemented using... Figure 15 The processors 102 and 202 are used to implement this, and the box 1060 can be implemented through... Figure 15 This is achieved using transceivers 106 and 206.

[0423] Typing can be done through Figure 16 The signal processing circuit 1000 converts the signal into a radio signal. In this document, a codeword is a sequence of encoded bits for an information block. An information block may include a transport block (e.g., a UL-SCH transport block, a DL-SCH transport block). Radio signals can be transmitted through various physical channels (e.g., PUSCH and PDSCH).

[0424] Specifically, the codeword can be converted into a scrambled bit sequence by scrambler 1010. The scrambling sequence used for scrambling can be generated based on an initialization value, which may include the ID information of the wireless device. The scrambling bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by modulator 1020. The modulation scheme may include pi / 2-binary phase shift keying (pi / 2-BPSK), m-phase shift keying (m-PSK), and m-quadrature amplitude modulation (m-QAM). The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by layer mapper 1030. The modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped (pre-encoded) to the corresponding antenna port by pre-encoder 1040. The output z of pre-encoder 1040 can be obtained by combining the output y of layer mapper 1030 with N. The M precoding matrix W is obtained by multiplying the M precoding matrix. In this paper, N is the number of antenna ports and M is the number of transmission layers. The precoder 1040 can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT) on the complex modulation symbols. Alternatively, the precoder 1040 can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0425] Resource mapper 1050 maps modulation symbols for each antenna port to time-frequency resources. Time-frequency resources may include multiple symbols in the time domain (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols and DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. Signal generator 1060 can generate radio signals from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated radio signals can be transmitted to other devices via each antenna. For this purpose, signal generator 1060 may include an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) module, a cyclic prefix (CP) inserter, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and a frequency up-converter.

[0426] The signal processing procedure used for signals received in a wireless device can be compared with... Figure 16 The signal processing procedures 1010 to 1060 are configured in the reverse manner. For example, wireless devices (e.g., Figure 15 The receiver (100 and 200) can receive radio signals from the outside via the antenna port / transceiver. The received radio signals can be converted into baseband signals by a signal restorer. For this purpose, the signal restorer may include a frequency down-converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) module. Next, the baseband signal can be recovered into codewords through a resource demapping process, a post-encoding process, a demodulation processor, and a descrambling process. The codewords can be recovered into the original information blocks through decoding. Therefore, the signal processing circuitry (not illustrated) for receiving signals may include a signal restorer, a resource demapping unit, a post-encoder, a demodulator, a descrambler, and a decoder.

[0427] Figure 17 Another example of a wireless device based on an implementation of this disclosure is shown. The wireless device can be implemented in various forms depending on the use case / service (see reference). Figure 14 ). Figure 17 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0428] Reference Figure 17 Wireless devices 100 and 200 can correspond to Figure 15 The wireless devices 100 and 200 can be configured using various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules. For example, each of the wireless devices 100 and 200 may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a storage unit 130, and an additional component 140. The communication unit may include a communication circuit 112 and a transceiver 114. For example, the communication circuit 112 may include... Figure 15 One or more processors 102 and 202 and / or one or more memories 104 and 204. For example, transceiver 114 may include Figure 15 The device comprises one or more transceivers 106 and 206 and / or one or more antennas 108 and 208. The control unit 120 is electrically connected to the communication unit 110, the memory 130, and the add-on components 140, and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit 120 may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on programs / code / commands / information stored in the memory unit 130. The control unit 120 may transmit information stored in the memory unit 130 to an external source (e.g., another communication device) via the communication unit 110 through a wireless / wired interface, or store information received from an external source (e.g., another communication device) via the communication unit 110 through a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit 130.

[0429] The additional component 140 can be configured differently depending on the type of wireless device. For example, the additional component 140 may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output (I / O) unit, a drive unit, and a computing unit. The wireless device may be implemented in, but is not limited to, the following forms: robot ( Figure 14 100a), vehicles ( Figure 14 100b-1 and 100b-2), XR device ( Figure 14 100c), handheld device ( Figure 14 100d), home appliances ( Figure 14 100e), IoT devices ( Figure 14 100f), digital broadcasting terminals, holographic devices, public safety devices, MTC devices, medical devices, fintech devices (or financial devices), security devices, climate / environmental devices, AI servers / devices ( Figure 14 400), BS ( Figure 14 (e.g., 200), network nodes, etc. Depending on the use case / service, wireless devices can be used in mobile or fixed locations.

[0430] exist Figure 17 In both wireless devices 100 and 200, all elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules can be connected to each other via wired interfaces, or at least a portion thereof can be wirelessly connected via communication unit 110. For example, in each of wireless devices 100 and 200, control unit 120 and communication unit 110 can be wired connected, and control unit 120 and first units (e.g., 130 and 140) can be wirelessly connected via communication unit 110. Each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within wireless devices 100 and 200 may also include one or more elements. For example, control unit 120 may be configured by a collection of one or more processors. As an example, control unit 120 may be configured by a collection of communication control processors, application processors, electronic control units (ECUs), graphics processing units, and memory control processors. As another example, memory 130 may be configured by random access memory (RAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, and / or combinations thereof.

[0431] The implementation will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 17 Examples.

[0432] Figure 18A handheld device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. The handheld device may include a smartphone, smart tablet, wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch or smart glasses), or portable computer (e.g., a laptop). The handheld device may be referred to as a mobile station (MS), user terminal (UT), mobile subscriber station (MSS), subscriber station (SS), advanced mobile station (AMS), or wireless terminal (WT). Figure 18 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0433] Reference Figure 18 The handheld device 100 may include an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a storage unit 130, a power supply unit 140a, an interface unit 140b, and an I / O unit 140c. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as part of the communication unit 110. Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c respectively correspond to... Figure 17 The frame is 110 to 130 / 140.

[0434] Communication unit 110 can send and receive signals (e.g., data signals and control signals) to and from other wireless devices or BSs. Control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling the components of handheld device 100. Control unit 120 may include an application processor (AP). Storage unit 130 can store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands required to drive handheld device 100. Storage unit 130 can store input / output data / information. Power supply unit 140a can supply power to handheld device 100 and includes wired / wireless charging circuitry, battery, etc. Interface unit 140b can support connection of handheld device 100 to other external devices. Interface unit 140b may include various ports for connection to external devices (e.g., audio I / O ports and video I / O ports). I / O unit 140c can input or output video information / signals, audio information / signals, data and / or user-input information. I / O unit 140c may include a camera, microphone, user input unit, display unit 140d, speaker and / or haptic module.

[0435] As an example, in the case of data communication, I / O unit 140c can acquire user input information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, or video), and the acquired information / signals can be stored in storage unit 130. Communication unit 110 can convert the information / signals stored in the memory into radio signals and transmit the converted radio signals directly to other wireless devices or to the BS. Communication unit 110 can receive radio signals from other wireless devices or the BS, and then recover the received radio signals into the original information / signals. The recovered information / signals can be stored in storage unit 130 and can be output in various types (e.g., text, voice, image, video, or haptic) through I / O unit 140c.

[0436] Figure 19 The illustration shows a vehicle or autonomous vehicle based on an embodiment of this disclosure. The vehicle or autonomous vehicle can be implemented as a mobile robot, automobile, train, manned / unmanned aerial vehicle (AV), ship, etc. Figure 19 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0437] Reference Figure 19 The vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 may include an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a drive unit 140a, a power supply unit 140b, a sensor unit 140c, and an autonomous driving unit 140d. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as part of the communication unit 110. Blocks 110 / 130 / 140a to 140d correspond to... Figure 17 The frame size is 110 / 130 / 140.

[0438] Communication unit 110 can send and receive signals (e.g., data signals and control signals) to and from external devices such as other vehicles, BS (e.g., gNB and roadside units), and servers. Control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling the components of the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100. Control unit 120 may include electronic control unit (ECU). Drive unit 140a enables the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 to move on the road. Drive unit 140a may include an engine, motor, powertrain, wheels, brakes, steering system, etc. Power supply unit 140b can supply power to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 and may include wired / wireless charging circuitry, battery, etc. Sensor unit 140c can acquire vehicle status, surrounding environment information, user information, etc. Sensor unit 140c may include inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors, collision sensors, wheel sensors, speed sensors, slope sensors, weight sensors, heading sensors, position modules, vehicle forward / reverse sensors, battery sensors, fuel sensors, tire sensors, steering sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, ultrasonic sensors, lighting sensors, pedal position sensors, etc. The autonomous driving unit 140d can implement technologies for maintaining the vehicle's lane, technologies for automatically adjusting speed (e.g., adaptive cruise control), technologies for autonomous driving along a defined path, and technologies for driving by automatically setting a path when a destination is set.

[0439] For example, communication unit 110 can receive map data, traffic information data, etc., from an external server. Autonomous driving unit 140d can generate autonomous driving paths and driving plans from the acquired data. Control unit 120 can control drive unit 140a, enabling the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 to move along the autonomous driving path according to the driving plan (e.g., speed / direction control). During autonomous driving, communication unit 110 can periodically or non-periodically acquire the latest traffic information data from an external server and acquire surrounding traffic information data from neighboring vehicles. During autonomous driving, sensor unit 140c can acquire vehicle status and / or surrounding environment information. Autonomous driving unit 140d can update the autonomous driving path and driving plan based on newly acquired data / information. Communication unit 110 can transmit information about vehicle location, autonomous driving path, and / or driving plan to an external server. The external server can use AI technology, etc., to predict traffic information data based on information collected from the vehicle or autonomous vehicle and provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle.

[0440] The claims in this specification can be combined in various ways. For example, technical features in the method claims can be combined to implement or perform in a device, and technical features in the device claims can be combined to implement or perform in a method. Additionally, technical features in one or more method claims and one or more device claims can be combined to implement or perform in a device.

Claims

1. A method comprising the following steps: Obtain a random sequence; A first demodulation reference signal (DMRS) sequence is obtained by applying the first OCC, which is repeated for a length based on the first orthogonal coverage code (OCC), to the random sequence. as well as A second DMRS sequence is obtained by applying the second OCC, which is repeated in length based on the second OCC, to the first DMRS sequence.

2. The method according to claim 1, in, The first DMRS sequence comprises a sequence, and A portion of the second DMRS sequence is obtained by applying the second OCC to the sequence.

3. The method according to claim 2, in, The portion of the second DMRS sequence comprises multiple sequences.

4. The method according to claim 2, in, The portion of the second DMRS sequence includes a sequence that is not related to the sequence included in the first DMRS sequence.

5. The method according to claim 1, in, The second DMRS sequence is obtained based on a portion of the first DMRS sequence.

6. The method according to claim 5, in, The number of the portion of the first DMRS sequence is determined based on the length of the second OCC.

7. The method according to claim 6, in, The number of the portion of the first DMRS sequence is determined by dividing the number of the second DMRS sequence by the length of the second OCC.

8. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the following step: Based on the second DMRS sequence, DMRS is transmitted on the Narrowband Physical Uplink Shared Channel (NPUSCH).

9. The method according to claim 1, in, The length of the first OCC is 16.

10. The method according to claim 1, in, The first OCC is based on the cell identifier (ID).

11. The method according to claim 1, in, The first OCC and the second OCC are configured independently.

12. The method according to claim 1, in, The second OCC is associated with code division multiplexing (CDM).

13. The method according to claim 1, in, The method is performed by the first device.

14. A first apparatus, the first apparatus comprising: At least one transceiver; At least one processor; as well as At least one memory, connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to cause the first device to perform an operation, the operation including: Obtain a random sequence; A first demodulated reference signal (DMRS) sequence is obtained by applying the first OCC, which is repeated for a length based on the first orthogonal coverage code (OCC), to the random sequence; and A second DMRS sequence is obtained by applying the second OCC, which is repeated in length based on the second OCC, to the first DMRS sequence.

15. A processing apparatus suitable for controlling a first device, the processing apparatus comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one memory, connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to cause the first device to perform an operation, the operation including: Obtain a random sequence; A first demodulated reference signal (DMRS) sequence is obtained by applying the first OCC, which is repeated for a length based on the first orthogonal coverage code (OCC), to the random sequence; and A second DMRS sequence is obtained by applying the second OCC, which is repeated in length based on the second OCC, to the first DMRS sequence.

16. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions, said instructions, upon execution, causing a first means to perform an operation, said operation comprising: Obtain a random sequence; A first demodulation reference signal (DMRS) sequence is obtained by applying the first OCC, which is repeated for a length based on the first orthogonal coverage code (OCC), to the random sequence. as well as A second DMRS sequence is obtained by applying the second OCC, which is repeated in length based on the second OCC, to the first DMRS sequence.

17. A method comprising the steps of: Receive demodulation reference signal (DMRS) on the narrowband physical uplink shared channel (NPUSCH). Wherein, the DMRS is based on the second DMRS sequence, The second DMRS sequence is obtained by applying the second OCC, which is repeated at a length based on the second OCC, to the first DMRS sequence, and The first DMRS sequence is obtained by applying the first OCC, which is repeated based on the length of the first OCC, to a random sequence.

18. A second means adapted to perform wireless communication, the second means comprising: At least one transceiver; At least one processor; as well as At least one memory, connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to cause the second device to perform an operation, the operation including: Receive demodulation reference signal (DMRS) on the narrowband physical uplink shared channel (NPUSCH). Wherein, the DMRS is based on the second DMRS sequence, The second DMRS sequence is obtained by applying the second OCC, which is repeated at a length based on the second OCC, to the first DMRS sequence, and The first DMRS sequence is obtained by applying the first OCC, which is repeated based on the length of the first OCC, to a random sequence.

19. A processing apparatus suitable for controlling a second device, the processing apparatus comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one memory, connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to cause the second device to perform an operation, the operation including: Receive demodulation reference signal (DMRS) on the narrowband physical uplink shared channel (NPUSCH). Wherein, the DMRS is based on the second DMRS sequence, The second DMRS sequence is obtained by applying the second OCC, which is repeated at a length based on the second OCC, to the first DMRS sequence, and The first DMRS sequence is obtained by applying the first OCC, which is repeated based on the length of the first OCC, to a random sequence.

20. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions, said instructions, upon execution, causing a second means to perform operations, said operations including: Receive demodulation reference signal (DMRS) on the narrowband physical uplink shared channel (NPUSCH). Wherein, the DMRS is based on the second DMRS sequence, The second DMRS sequence is obtained by applying the second OCC, which is repeated at a length based on the second OCC, to the first DMRS sequence, and The first DMRS sequence is obtained by applying the first OCC, which is repeated based on the length of the first OCC, to a random sequence.

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