A cotton planter with a soil preparation device

Abstract

The application discloses a cotton seeding machine's land preparation device and relates to the cotton planting technical field, wherein the land preparation device comprises a land preparation assembly, an auxiliary assembly and an expansion assembly; the land preparation assembly comprises a power piece and a conveying cylinder; the power piece comprises two air pumps and two telescopic rods; the auxiliary assembly comprises a moving group, a deformation film I and a deformation film II; the moving group comprises a moving plate and two telescopic rod II; the two telescopic rod II are symmetrically fixed outside the conveying cylinder; the moving group comprises two moving groups, and the two moving groups correspond to the two telescopic rod II respectively; the land preparation device can realize accurate hole digging and seed feeding; the land preparation assembly and the auxiliary assembly are vertically inserted into the soil by the telescopic rod I; a planting hole with high consistency in shape, depth and position can be formed; the seeds are directly fed into the bottom of the closed cavity through the hopper and the conveying cylinder, so that the uneven distribution and position deviation of the seeds caused by the traditional throwing mode are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cotton planting technology, and more particularly to a land preparation device for a cotton planter. Background Technology

[0002] In cotton cultivation, sowing is a crucial step that determines the foundation of crop growth. Traditional seeders mostly adopt an integrated operation mode of large-area tilling, sowing, and covering with soil. While this method significantly improves the efficiency of field operations, it is an extensive sowing method that makes it difficult to achieve precise and orderly seed placement. This easily leads to uneven seed distribution and planting depth in the field, which in turn causes a series of problems such as uneven emergence, seedling competition for nutrients, and difficulties in mechanized field management, ultimately affecting cotton yield and quality.

[0003] To overcome the drawbacks of traditional broadcast seeding and achieve the quantitative, location-based, and depth-controlled seeding required by precision agriculture, some seeding devices focused on hole-digging and spot seeding have emerged in existing technologies. These devices are designed to pre-dig regular planting holes in the soil and then accurately place the seeds into the holes. However, in practical applications, these devices still face the following unresolved technical challenges.

[0004] The formation and maintenance of planting holes are difficult. During the pressing and lifting of the hole-digging components, especially in poorly structured soils such as sandy loam, the soil around the hole walls is very prone to collapse and fall back. Some of the loosened soil will backfill into the already formed planting hole, which not only destroys the preset shape of the hole, but more importantly, changes the planting depth. Seeds may therefore be buried too deep or too shallow, resulting in a decrease in germination rate or weak seedling growth, making it difficult to guarantee the goal of precise depth.

[0005] Even if the hole is held in place during the initial digging, the loosened soil around it loses its lateral support at the crucial moment when the internal channels of the device are opened to release the seed, making it highly susceptible to sudden collapse and burying the seed's intended landing point. This makes the final landing position of the seed highly uncertain, and it cannot be guaranteed that the seed will land in the exact center of the hole at the preset depth.

[0006] Some existing hole-digging devices focus on making holes, but they don't adequately loosen the soil around the planting holes. A loose soil environment is crucial for seed germination and early root development. If only compacted holes are formed without sufficient loosening of the surrounding soil, it will affect the rooting efficiency after seed germination and is detrimental to seedling growth. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This application provides a land preparation device for a cotton planter, solving the problems in the prior art of maintaining the shape stability of the planting hole during seed placement, preventing soil collapse from interfering with planting depth, and effectively loosening the soil around the planting hole to optimize the seedbed environment. It achieves precise hole digging and seed placement. A telescopic rod drives the land preparation component and auxiliary component to vertically insert into the soil, forming a planting hole with a uniform shape, depth, and position. Seeds are directly fed into the bottom of this closed cavity through the hopper and conveyor cylinder, avoiding uneven seed distribution and positional deviation caused by traditional scattering methods. The device also incorporates a moving plate and a digging cone. The device is equipped with two annular deformation membranes, 1 and 2. When the telescopic rod 2 drives the two moving parts to separate and open the planting hole to release seeds, the deformation membranes 1 and 2 deform accordingly, but always maintain a barrier against the surrounding soil. During the process of opening the planting hole, it intercepts the soil loosened by the rotation of the ground-piercing needle, preventing it from collapsing back into the hole. This ensures that the seeds can fall accurately at the preset depth. The inflated airbag 2 pushes the soil on the side of the auxiliary component further away, creating more space for the rotation and loosening operation of the ground-piercing needle, making the loosening more thorough. It can also push the soil further away to further reduce the risk of soil backfilling when opening the planting hole.

[0008] This application provides a land preparation device for a cotton planter, including a land preparation component, an auxiliary component, and an expansion component; The land preparation components include power components and conveyor cylinders; The power components include an air pump and a telescopic rod. The auxiliary components include a moving assembly, deformation membrane one, and deformation membrane two; The mobile assembly includes a mobile plate and a hole-digging cone; There are two telescopic rods, which are symmetrically fixed outside the conveying cylinder. There are two movable groups, and each movable group corresponds to one of the two telescopic poles. The digging cone is positioned below the movable plate, and the output end of the telescopic rod is fixed to the movable plate. Both deformation membrane one and deformation membrane two are annular. Deformation membrane one is fixed outside the moving plate, and deformation membrane two is fixed outside the digging cone. The expansion assembly is located outside the moving plate and the digging cone, and the air pump output is connected to the expansion assembly.

[0009] As an improvement, the second telescopic rod is used to drive the two moving groups away from each other; The upper end of the second deformation membrane is fixed to the lower end of the deformation membrane; The movable plate is arc-shaped, and when the two movable plates in the two movable groups are in contact with each other, they form a cylindrical shape that runs through the top and bottom. The digging cone is arc-shaped. When the two digging cones in the two moving groups are in contact with each other, they form an inverted cone shape with an open top. In its initial state, the deformable membrane is a cylindrical shape that runs vertically through the body; In its initial state, the deformable membrane 2 is an inverted frustum shape that runs vertically through the body; The two movable plates within the two movable groups are located inside the deformation membrane. The two caving cones within the two moving groups are located inside the second deformable membrane; The movable plate and the deformation membrane are fixed in a linear fashion, and the two movable plates in the two movable groups are fixed in a linear fashion on the side that is far away from each other in the inner circle of the deformation membrane. The digging cone and the second deformation membrane are fixed in a linear fashion; the two digging cones in the two moving groups are fixed in a linear fashion on the side that is far away from each other within the inner circle of the second deformation membrane.

[0010] As an improvement, a walking component is also included; The traveling components include a traveling vehicle, a handrail, a mounting box, mounting port one, mounting port two, a seeder, and a scraper; The handrail is fixed to the traveling vehicle, and the mounting box is fixed to the traveling vehicle. Mounting port one and mounting port two are respectively opened at the top and bottom of the mounting box. The seeder is fixed on the mounting box, and the scraper is set at an angle and fixed on the lower side of the mounting box; There are multiple installation ports 1 and 2, and they correspond one-to-one. The multiple installation ports 1 and multiple installation ports 2 are evenly spaced. The number of seeders is the same as the number of installation ports 1, and they correspond one-to-one. Both mounting port one and mounting port two are cylindrical in shape, and the axis of mounting port one and the axis of its corresponding mounting port two are on the same straight line; The output of the seeder is connected to the installation port.

[0011] As an improvement, the number of grounding components is consistent with the number of mounting ports, and they correspond one-to-one. The number of auxiliary components is the same as the number of land preparation components, and they correspond one-to-one. The grounding components also include a mounting plate, a rotating port, a lifting cylinder, a positioning cylinder, and a hopper; The power components also include a telescopic rod, a connecting rod, a motor, gears, bearings, and gear teeth; The lifting cylinder, positioning cylinder, and conveying cylinder are all cylindrical bodies that run vertically through each other, and their axes are on the same straight line. The positioning cylinder is fixed inside the first mounting port, and the lifting cylinder is slidably installed inside the second mounting port. The hopper is slidably positioned inside the positioning cylinder, and the conveying cylinder is fixed to the output end of the lower end of the hopper, with the lower end of the conveying cylinder extending into the auxiliary components. The upper end of the telescopic rod is fixed to the top side of the mounting box, and the lower end of the telescopic rod is fixed to the side side of the mounting plate. The mounting plate is located inside the mounting box. The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively fixed to the output end of the telescopic rod and the outer wall of the conveying cylinder; A rotating opening is provided on the mounting plate, the outer ring of the bearing is fixed inside the rotating opening, and the lifting cylinder is fixed inside the bearing. The gear teeth are fixed above the inner ring of the bearing; The motor is fixed to the lower side of the mounting plate, and a gear is fixed to the motor output end, with the gear located above the mounting plate. Gears and gear teeth mesh with each other; The telescopic rod is used to raise and lower the overall height of the mounting plate, and the motor is used to drive the lifting cylinder to rotate.

[0012] As an improvement, the grounding assembly also includes a rotating plate and a ground-piercing needle; The rotating plate is a cylindrical shape that runs vertically through the cylinder, and the axis of the rotating plate is on the same straight line as the axis of the conveying cylinder. The outer ring of the rotating plate is fixed to the inner ring of the lifting cylinder, and the rotating conveyor cylinder is sealed within the inner ring of the rotating plate. The upper end of the movable plate and the deformable membrane is tightly attached to the lower side of the rotating plate; The auxiliary components are located below the rotating plate; The ground-piercing needles are fixed to the lower side of the rotating plate. There are multiple ground-piercing needles, which are evenly spaced in a ring. The tip of the ground-piercing needle points downwards, and the lower end of the ground-piercing needle is flush with the lower end of the lifting cylinder; When the two moving groups of the telescopic rod drive are moved away from each other to their maximum state, the auxiliary component does not contact the ground-piercing needle; The lower end of the lifting cylinder is chamfered.

[0013] As an improvement, the number of expansion components and the number of auxiliary components are the same and correspond one-to-one; The expansion assembly includes an abutment group; Each expansion component includes two abutment groups, each abutment group includes two airbags, and each movement group corresponds one-to-one with each abutment group. Two airbags are symmetrically fixed to the outer wall of the moving plate and the digging cone. The airbags are located between the moving plate and the deformable membrane and between the digging cone and the deformable membrane. The two airbags are located on both sides of the linear fixing point of the moving plate and the deformation membrane, and on both sides of the linear fixing point of the digging cone and the deformation membrane.

[0014] As an improvement, the auxiliary components also include gas delivery pipes; The gas delivery pipe is located inside the delivery cylinder and auxiliary components; One end of the gas supply pipe is connected to the second air bag, and the gas supply pipe is fixed to the inner wall of the delivery cylinder. When the two moving groups are at their furthest point from each other, the gas supply tube is in a relaxed state. The power components also include connecting pipes; The air pump is fixed to the side of the mounting plate, and the connecting pipe is fixed to the output end of the air pump. The end of the connecting pipe away from the air pump passes through the delivery cylinder and is connected to the air delivery pipe.

[0015] As an improvement, the auxiliary components also include an electromagnet; The electromagnet is ring-shaped and fixed to the lower end of the conveyor cylinder; The moving group also includes a deformation port; Deformation openings are made at the ends of the two moving plates that are close to each other within the two moving groups; It also includes adsorption components, the number of which is the same as the number of auxiliary components, and they correspond one-to-one; The adsorption assembly includes iron balls, and a single adsorption assembly includes two iron balls; Two iron balls are symmetrically fixed inside the deformation membrane, with the iron balls located at the deformation opening; When an electromagnet is energized, it attracts an iron ball, causing the deformation membrane to deform inward.

[0016] As an improvement, the mobile unit also includes an airbag; Airbag 1 is fixed to the inner wall of the excavation cone, and airbag 1 completely covers the upper half of the inner wall of the excavation cone; Airbag 1 and Airbag 2 are connected, and the air supply tube is fixed to Airbag 1.

[0017] As an improvement, the auxiliary components also include transient groups; Each auxiliary component includes two transient groups, and each transient group corresponds one-to-one with one of the two movement groups; The transient group includes an electrorheological fluid reservoir; The electrorheological fluid bladder is arc-shaped, with its upper end fixed to the lower end of the movable plate, and its upper end fixed to the lower end of the digging cone. Two electrode plates are installed inside the electrorheological fluid bladder. The electrode plates are in contact with the electrorheological fluid filling the bladder, and the electrode plates are connected to an external power source. A pressure sensor is fixed inside the lowest tip of the hole-digging cone. The pressure sensor is used to detect pressure changes at the tip of the hole-digging cone.

[0018] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: Firstly, it achieves precise hole digging and seed placement. The telescopic rod drives the soil preparation and auxiliary components to vertically insert into the soil, creating a planting hole with a uniform shape, depth, and position. Seeds are directly fed into the bottom of this enclosed cavity via a hopper and conveyor, avoiding uneven seed distribution and positional deviations caused by traditional scattering methods. Two annular deformation membranes, one and two, are installed outside the moving plate and the digging cone. When the telescopic rod drives the two moving groups to separate and open the planting hole for seed placement, the deformation membranes deform while maintaining a barrier to the surrounding soil. This intercepts soil loosened by the rotating needles during the opening process, preventing it from collapsing back into the hole, ensuring the seeds land precisely at the preset depth. The inflated airbag pushes the soil on the side of the auxiliary components further away, creating more space for the rotating needles to loosen the soil, resulting in more thorough loosening. Furthermore, pushing the soil further reduces the risk of soil backfilling when opening the planting hole.

[0019] Secondly, the system achieves seed-soil mixing into clumps, preventing seed aggregation and bouncing. When multiple seeds are planted, the seeds and soil inside the planting cone form a layered structure of seed, soil, and seed. As the air bladder inflates, it presses these materials into a tightly bound, cone-shaped seed-soil clump. This layered structure prevents multiple cotton seeds from piling up directly, ensuring even growth space for seedlings after germination. The resulting clump has greater mass and a specific cone shape, making it less prone to bouncing apart during descent and less likely to roll on slopes after falling, ensuring the seeds remain in a consistent final position.

[0020] Thirdly, an electrorheological fluid-filled bladder is added between the moving plate and the digging cone. When the tip of the digging cone encounters a hard object, a pressure sensor detects abnormal pressure, triggering a change in the electric field of the electrorheological fluid bladder. This allows the tip of the digging cone to deflect at a certain angle when encountering an impenetrable hard object, thus bypassing it instead of being forcibly pressed down. This greatly avoids damage to the sharp digging cone, improving the lifespan and reliability of the device. It not only protects the device but also improves the seed landing environment. The seeds ultimately land on the relatively loose soil after the hard object has been removed, rather than directly on the hard surface, which is beneficial for seed water absorption, rooting, and germination, avoiding the problem of decreased germination rate caused by hard objects obstructing the germination process. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This invention relates to a three-dimensional tillage device for a cotton planter. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This invention relates to a three-dimensional tillage device for a cotton planter. Figure 2 ; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the land preparation components of a land preparation device for a cotton planter according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the land preparation component structure of a land preparation device for a cotton planter according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating plate installation of the land preparation device of a cotton planter according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the rotating plate of the land preparation device of a cotton planter according to the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the hopper installation of the land preparation device of a cotton planter according to the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the telescopic rod 2 of the land preparation device of a cotton planter according to the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the moving plate and the hole-digging cone of the land preparation device of a cotton planter according to the present invention in a mutually fitted state; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of deformation membrane one and deformation membrane two in the land preparation device of a cotton planter according to the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the stretched and deformed state of the deformation membrane 1 and deformation membrane 2 of the land preparation device of a cotton planter according to the present invention. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the iron ball installation in the land preparation device of a cotton planter according to the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram showing the linear installation of deformation membrane one and deformation membrane two in the land preparation device of a cotton planter according to the present invention. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of an airbag in the land preparation device of a cotton planter according to the present invention. Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the airbag 2 in the land preparation device of a cotton planter according to the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 100, Walking assembly; 110, Walking vehicle; 120, Handrail; 130, Mounting box; 131, Mounting port one; 132, Mounting port two; 140, Seeder; 150, Scraper; 200, Tillage assembly; 210, Mounting plate; 211, Rotating port; 220, Power component; 221, Telescopic pole one; 222, Connecting rod; 223, Motor; 224, Gear; 225, Air pump; 226, Connecting pipe; 227, Bearing; 228, Gear teeth; 229, Telescopic... Rod 2; 230, Lifting cylinder; 240, Positioning cylinder; 250, Hopper; 260, Conveying cylinder; 270, Rotating plate; 280, Ground-piercing needle; 300, Auxiliary component; 310, Moving plate; 320, Digging cone; 330, Deformation port; 340, Deformation membrane 1; 350, Deformation membrane 2; 360, Electrorheological liquid bladder; 370, Air bladder 1; 380, Air supply pipe; 390, Electromagnet; 400, Adsorption component; 410, Iron ball; 500, Expansion component; 510, Air bladder 2. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description of this application will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "up," "down," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this article are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains; the terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention; the term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0026] Example 1: As Figures 1-15 As shown, the present application discloses a land preparation device for a cotton planter, including a walking component 100, a land preparation component 200, an auxiliary component 300, and an expansion component 500; The grounding assembly 200 includes a mounting plate 210, a rotating port 211, a power component 220, a lifting cylinder 230, a positioning cylinder 240, a hopper 250, a conveying cylinder 260, a rotating plate 270, and a ground-piercing needle 280. The power component 220 includes a telescopic rod 221, a connecting rod 222, a motor 223, a gear 224, an air pump 225, a connecting pipe 226, a bearing 227, a gear tooth 228, and a telescopic rod 229. The auxiliary component 300 includes a moving assembly, a first deformable membrane 340, a second deformable membrane 350, and a gas delivery pipe 380; The moving assembly includes a moving plate 310 and a digging cone 320; There are two telescopic rods 229, and the two telescopic rods 229 are symmetrically fixed outside the conveying cylinder 260; There are two movable groups, and the two movable groups correspond to the two telescopic rods 229 respectively; The hole-digging cone 320 is set below the movable plate 310, and the output end of the telescopic rod 229 is fixed on the movable plate 310; The movable plate 310 is arc-shaped. When the two movable plates 310 in the two movable groups are in contact with each other, they form a cylindrical shape that runs through the top and bottom. The digging cone 320 is arc-shaped. When the two digging cones 320 in the two moving groups are in contact with each other, they form an inverted cone shape with an open top. Telescopic rod 229 is used to drive two moving parts away from each other; The upper end of deformation membrane 2 350 is fixed to the lower end of deformation membrane 1 340; Both deformation membrane 1 340 and deformation membrane 2 350 are annular. Deformation membrane 1 340 is fixed outside the movable plate 310, and deformation membrane 2 350 is fixed outside the digging cone 320. In its initial state, the deformable membrane 340 is a cylindrical shape that runs vertically through the body; In its initial state, the deformable membrane 350 is an inverted frustum shape that runs vertically through the body; The two movable plates 310 within the two movable groups are located within the deformable membrane 340; The two caving cones 320 in the two moving groups are located inside the deformation membrane 350; The movable plate 310 and the deformable membrane 340 are fixed in a linear manner, and the two movable plates 310 in the two movable groups are fixed in a linear manner on the side that is far away from each other within the inner circle of the deformable membrane 340. The caving cone 320 and the deformation membrane 350 are fixed in a linear fashion; the two caving cones 320 in the two moving groups are fixed in a linear fashion on the side that is far away from each other within the inner circle of the deformation membrane 350.

[0027] Specifically, when the device is in use, the auxiliary component 300 needs to be fully inserted into the soil. After the surrounding soil is completely loosened, the seeds enter between the two movable plates 310 and the two digging cones 320. The two movable groups are driven to move away from each other by the telescopic rod 229, thereby separating the two movable plates 310 and the two digging cones 320 from each other, so that the cotton seeds inside fall into the planting hole. Furthermore, when the two movable plates 310 and the two digging cones 320 separate from each other, they will collide with the deformation membrane 340 and the deformation membrane 350, causing them to deform. The deformation membrane 340 and the deformation membrane 350 will intercept the soil outside the soil, preventing the loose soil around them from collapsing into the space between the two movable plates 310 and the digging cones 320, which would cause the cotton seeds to fall and the planting depth to change. After the seed falls into the planting hole, the height of the auxiliary component 300 is raised as a whole, causing the surrounding soil to collapse naturally and cover the seed. After the auxiliary component 300 is completely removed from the soil, the two moving plates 310 and the two digging cones 320 are reset by the telescopic rod 229.

[0028] The expansion assembly 500 is located outside the movable plate 310 and the digging cone 320, and the output end of the air pump 225 is connected to the expansion assembly 500.

[0029] Specifically, when the soil preparation component 200 is fully inserted into the soil to loosen the soil around the planting hole, the expansion component 500 expands and comes into contact with the soil around the auxiliary component 300, pushing the soil around the auxiliary component 300 to the four sides, making it easier for the soil preparation component 200 to completely loosen the soil around the planting hole. Furthermore, after the expansion component 500 expands and pushes the soil around the auxiliary component 300 to a distance, it can further prevent the soil from collapsing between the two moving plates 310 and the two digging cones 320 after they move away from each other, thus avoiding the problem of uncontrollable planting depth.

[0030] The walking assembly 100 includes a walking vehicle 110, a handrail 120, a mounting box 130, a mounting port one 131, a mounting port two 132, a seeder 140, and a scraper 150; The handrail 120 is fixed on the traveling vehicle 110, and the mounting box 130 is fixed on the traveling vehicle 110. The mounting box 130 has mounting port 131 and mounting port 132 at its upper and lower ends, respectively. The seeder 140 is fixed on the mounting box 130, and the scraper 150 is set at an angle and fixed on the lower side of the mounting box 130. There are multiple installation ports 131 and 132, and they correspond one-to-one. The multiple installation ports 131 and 132 are evenly spaced. The number of seeders 140 is the same as the number of installation ports 131, and they correspond one-to-one. Both mounting port 131 and mounting port 2 132 are cylindrical, and the axis of mounting port 131 and its corresponding axis of mounting port 2 132 are on the same straight line. The output of the seeder 140 is connected to the mounting port 131.

[0031] Specifically, when the device is in use, it moves on its own via a traveling vehicle 110, and the worker can control the overall direction of the vehicle by holding a handrail 120. The number of cotton seeds falling each time is controlled by a seed dispenser 140. After planting, the ground can be leveled and covered with soil using the scraper 150 below.

[0032] The number of leveling components 200 is consistent with the number of mounting ports 131, and they correspond one-to-one. The number of auxiliary components 300 and the number of land preparation components 200 are the same and correspond one-to-one; The lifting cylinder 230, the positioning cylinder 240, and the conveying cylinder 260 are all cylindrical bodies that run vertically through each other, and their axes are on the same straight line. The positioning cylinder 240 is fixed in the first mounting port 131, and the lifting cylinder 230 is slidably disposed in the second mounting port 132. The hopper 250 is slidably disposed inside the positioning cylinder 240, and the conveying cylinder 260 is fixed to the output end of the lower end of the hopper 250, with the lower end of the conveying cylinder 260 extending into the auxiliary component 300; Specifically, the seeds falling from the seeder 140 enter the positioning cylinder 240, hopper 250, conveying cylinder 260 and auxiliary component 300 sequentially from top to bottom through the installation port 131.

[0033] The upper end of the telescopic rod 221 is fixed to the top side inside the mounting box 130, and the lower end of the telescopic rod 221 is fixed to the upper side of the mounting plate 210, which is located inside the mounting box 130. The two ends of the connecting rod 222 are respectively fixed to the output end of the telescopic rod 221 and the outer wall of the conveying cylinder 260; Specifically, the height of the mounting plate 210 and the auxiliary component 300 is adjusted by the telescopic rod 221.

[0034] A rotating opening 211 is provided on the mounting plate 210, the outer ring of the bearing 227 is fixed inside the rotating opening 211, and the lifting cylinder 230 is fixed inside the bearing 227. Gear tooth 228 is fixed above the inner ring of bearing 227; Motor 223 is fixed to the lower side of mounting plate 210, and gear 224 is fixed to the output end of motor 223. Gear 224 is located above mounting plate 210. Gear 224 and gear tooth 228 mesh with each other; Telescopic rod 221 is used to drive the overall height of mounting plate 210 to rise and fall, and motor 223 is used to drive lifting cylinder 230 to rotate.

[0035] Specifically, when the device reaches the designated position and drilling is required, the installation plate 210 is moved to a different height by the telescopic rod 221. Since the conveying cylinder 260 is connected to the telescopic rod 221 by the connecting rod 222, the lifting cylinder 230 and the auxiliary component 300 can be vertically inserted into the soil.

[0036] The rotating plate 270 is a cylindrical shape that runs vertically through the cylinder, and the axis of the rotating plate 270 is on the same straight line as the axis of the conveying cylinder 260. The outer ring of the rotating plate 270 is fixed to the inner ring of the lifting cylinder 230, and the conveying cylinder 260 is rotated and sealed within the inner ring of the rotating plate 270. The upper ends of the movable plate 310 and the deformable membrane 340 are tightly attached to the lower side of the rotating plate 270. Auxiliary component 300 is located below rotating plate 270; The ground-piercing needle 280 is fixed on the lower side of the rotating plate 270. There are multiple ground-piercing needles 280, which are evenly spaced in a ring. The tip of the ground-piercing needle 280 points downwards, and the lower end of the ground-piercing needle 280 is flush with the lower end of the lifting cylinder 230; When the telescopic rod 229 drives the two moving groups to move away from each other to the maximum state, the auxiliary component 300 does not contact the ground-piercing needle 280. The lower end of the lifting cylinder 230 is chamfered.

[0037] Specifically, due to the chamfered lower end of the lifting cylinder 230, the resistance to insertion into the soil can be reduced during descent. After the lifting cylinder 230 is fully inserted into the soil, the motor 223 can drive the gear 224 and gear teeth 228 to rotate, thereby causing the rotating lifting cylinder 230, rotating plate 270 and ground-piercing needle 280 to rotate as a whole. During the rotation, the ground-piercing needle 280 completely loosens the soil located on the inner wall of the lifting cylinder 230, loosening the soil around the planting hole and making it more conducive to the germination and growth of cotton seeds.

[0038] The number of expansion components 500 and the number of auxiliary components 300 are the same and correspond one-to-one; The expansion assembly 500 includes an abutment group; Each expansion assembly 500 includes two abutment groups, each abutment group includes two airbags 510, and each movement group corresponds one-to-one with the single abutment group; Two airbags 510 are symmetrically fixed on the outer walls of the moving plate 310 and the digging cone 320. The airbags 510 are located between the moving plate 310 and the deformation membrane 340 and between the digging cone 320 and the deformation membrane 350. The two airbags 510 are located on both sides of the linear fixing point of the moving plate 310 and the deformation membrane 340, and on both sides of the linear fixing point of the digging cone 320 and the deformation membrane 350, respectively.

[0039] Specifically, as the ground-piercing needle 280 fully penetrates the soil and rotates to loosen the soil around the planting hole, the airbag 2 510 simultaneously expands, pushing the soil around the auxiliary component 300 to the four sides, making it easier for the ground-piercing needle 280 to completely loosen the soil around the planting hole. Furthermore, it can further prevent the collapse of soil from entering between the two movable plates 310 and the two digging cones 320 after they move away from each other, thus avoiding the problem of uncontrollable planting depth.

[0040] The gas delivery pipe 380 is located within the delivery cylinder 260 and the auxiliary component 300; One end of the air supply pipe 380 is connected to the second airbag 510, and the air supply pipe 380 is fixed to the inner wall of the delivery cylinder 260. When the two moving groups are at their furthest point from each other, the gas supply pipe 380 is in a relaxed state. The air pump 225 is fixed on the upper side of the mounting plate 210, and the connecting pipe 226 is fixed at the output end of the air pump 225. The end of the connecting pipe 226 away from the air pump 225 passes through the conveying cylinder 260 and is connected to the air supply pipe 380.

[0041] Specifically, the second airbag 510 is inflated by the air pump 225 and the air supply pipe 380, so that the second airbag 510 can be inflated normally. Furthermore, when the two moving groups are farthest apart, the gas supply pipe 380 is in a relaxed state, which can prevent the gas supply pipe 380 from being pulled and damaged.

[0042] The traveling vehicle 110 and the seeder 140 are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0043] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: To achieve precise planting hole digging and seed placement, the land preparation component 200 and auxiliary component 300 are vertically inserted into the soil via the telescopic rod 221, forming a planting hole with a uniform shape, depth, and position. Seeds are directly fed into the bottom of this enclosed cavity through the hopper 250 and conveyor cylinder 260, avoiding uneven seed distribution and positional deviation caused by traditional scattering methods. Annular deformation membranes 340 and 350 are installed outside the moving plate 310 and digging cone 320. When the telescopic rod 229 drives the two moving components to separate, the planting hole is opened for seed placement. During this process, deformation membrane 1 340 and deformation membrane 2 350 deform accordingly, but always maintain a barrier against the surrounding soil. It can intercept the soil loosened by the rotation of the ground-piercing needle 280 during the opening of the planting hole, preventing it from collapsing back into the hole. This ensures that the seeds can fall accurately at the preset depth. The inflated airbag 2 510 pushes the soil on the side of the auxiliary component 300 further away, creating more space for the rotation and loosening operation of the ground-piercing needle 280, making the loosening more thorough. It can also push the soil further away to further reduce the risk of soil backfilling when the planting hole is opened.

[0044] Example 2: In the above solution, the deformation membrane 340, deformation membrane 350, and airbag 510 prevent the surrounding soil from collapsing, thus affecting the planting depth. However, during use, multiple cotton seeds are typically sown into a single planting hole. If sown simultaneously, the seeds may clump together. Smaller seeds may bounce off the soil and deviate from their intended position. When planting on an inclined surface, after placing the seeds into the planting hole, they may remain pressed against the inner wall of the digging cone 320 or the deformation membrane 350. After the digging cone 320 is raised, the seeds lack a positioning structure and may roll and shift position. Therefore, improvements are made to the solution in Example 1, such as... Figures 9-12 , Figure 14 As shown: Auxiliary component 300 also includes electromagnet 390; The electromagnet 390 is ring-shaped and is fixed to the lower end of the conveying cylinder 260; The moving assembly also includes a deformation port 330; Deformation openings 330 are provided at the ends of the two movable plates 310 within the two movable groups that are close to each other; It also includes an adsorption component 400, the number of which is the same as the number of auxiliary components 300, and they correspond one-to-one. The adsorption component 400 includes iron balls 410, and a single adsorption component 400 includes two iron balls 410. Two iron balls 410 are symmetrically fixed inside the deformation membrane 340, with the iron balls 410 located at the deformation opening 330; When the electromagnet 390 is energized, it attracts the iron ball 410, causing the deformation film 340 to deform inward.

[0045] The mobile group also includes airbag 370; Airbag 370 is fixed to the inner wall of the excavation cone 320, and airbag 370 completely covers the upper half of the inner wall of the excavation cone 320. Airbag 1 370 and airbag 2 510 are connected, and air supply tube 380 is fixed on airbag 1 370.

[0046] Specifically, during the planting operation, when the seeds are fed into the hopper 250 by the seed divider 140, and when the seed divider 140 needs to place multiple cotton seeds at a time, the multiple seeds are put in one by one. During the process of the multiple seeds falling in one by one, the electromagnet 390 is turned on and off the same number of times as the number of seeds. When the electromagnet 390 is turned on, it attracts the iron ball 410, which causes the deformation membrane 340 to deform inward at the deformation port 330. A gap is created between the deformation membrane 340 and the rotating plate 270 above, allowing external soil to enter between the two moving plates 310 and the two digging cones 320 through the gap. When external soil can enter between the two movable plates 310 and the two digging cones 320 through the gaps, the rotating plate 270 needs to continue rotating. The ground-piercing needles 280 ensure that after the soil around the deformation port 330 enters between the two movable plates 310 and the two digging cones 320, there is new soil replenishment. Soil can also be squeezed from the gap between the deformation membrane 340 and the upper rotating plate 270 into the space between the two movable plates 310 and the two digging cones 320.

[0047] Since the airbag 370 completely covers the upper half of the digging cone 320, the soil and seeds that have entered the interior will all fall into the lower half of the airbag 370. Then, through the operation of the air pump 225, the airbag 370 will expand. The two expanded airbags 370 will press down the soil and cotton seeds below, causing them to gather together and form seed clumps. After the two moving plates 310 and the two digging cones 320 separate from each other, they will fall downwards. Furthermore, after the two moving plates 310 and the two digging cones 320 separate from each other, the airbag 370 can expand and retract to assist the seed clods in detaching and falling from below.

[0048] Because the 320 digging cone is cone-shaped and its internal cavity is also cone-shaped, the seed clods that are pressed into shape are compatible with the cone shape. Therefore, after the cone-shaped seed clods fall, they are less likely to roll or bounce to other positions. Furthermore, layering soil and cotton seeds can prevent the seeds from gathering together.

[0049] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: This method achieves seed-soil mixing into clumps, preventing seed aggregation and bouncing. When multiple seeds are planted, the seeds and soil form a layered structure within the planting cone 320, consisting of seeds, soil, and seeds. The air bladder 370 inflates, pressing these materials into a tightly bound, cone-shaped seed-soil clump. This layered structure prevents multiple cotton seeds from piling up directly, ensuring even growth space for seedlings after germination. The resulting clump has greater mass and a specific cone shape, making it less prone to bouncing during drop and less likely to roll on slopes, ensuring consistent seed placement.

[0050] Example 3: In the above scheme, the planting hole is formed by moving the lower tip of the digging cone 320 downwards. However, during the downward movement, if it encounters a hard object, the lower tip will be damaged; and if the seed falls onto the hard object, it will be detrimental to subsequent germination and growth. Therefore, Example 2 is improved, as follows: Figures 13-15 As shown: Auxiliary component 300 also includes transient groups; Each auxiliary component 300 includes two transient groups, each of which corresponds one-to-one with one of the two movement groups; The transient group includes an electrorheological fluid capsule 360; The electrorheological fluid bladder 360 is arc-shaped, and the upper end of the electrorheological fluid bladder 360 is fixed to the lower end of the movable plate 310. The upper end of the cavitation cone 320 is fixed to the lower end of the electrorheological fluid bladder 360. Two electrode plates are installed inside the electrorheological fluid bladder 360. The electrode plates are in contact with the electrorheological fluid filling the electrorheological fluid bladder 360, and the electrode plates are connected to an external power source. A pressure sensor is fixed inside the lowest tip of the 320 hole-digging cone. The pressure sensor is used to detect pressure changes at the tip of the 320 hole-digging cone.

[0051] The pressure sensor fixed at the bottom of both the electrorheological fluid bladder 360 and the cavitation cone 320 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0052] Specifically, when the digging cone 320 penetrates downwards and comes into contact with a hard object, the pressure sensor will sense the change in pressure, causing the electro-hydraulic bladder 360 to soften instantly, causing the tip at the lower end to shift position and dig downwards over the hard object. After the shift, the electro-hydraulic bladder 360 hardens again. After the tip shifts, when pressing downwards, the expansion of the external airbag 510 can press the hard object to one side.

[0053] To avoid damaging the tip of the 320-inch hole-digging cone by pressing, and to prevent the seeds from falling directly onto hard objects, which could affect their subsequent growth.

[0054] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: An electrorheological fluid-filled capsule 360 ​​is inserted between the moving plate 310 and the digging cone 320. When the tip of the digging cone 320 encounters a hard object, a pressure sensor detects abnormal pressure, triggering a change in the electric field of the electrorheological fluid capsule 360. This allows the tip of the digging cone 320 to deflect at a certain angle when encountering an impenetrable hard object, thus bypassing the object instead of forcibly pressing down. This greatly avoids damage to the sharp digging cone 320, improving the lifespan and reliability of the device. It not only protects the device but also improves the seed landing environment, ensuring the seeds land on relatively soft soil after the hard object is removed, rather than directly on the surface of the hard object. This promotes water absorption, rooting, and germination, avoiding the germination rate reduction problem caused by hard objects obstructing the germination process.

[0055] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A land preparation device for a cotton planter, characterized in that, Includes a grounding component (200), an auxiliary component (300), and an expansion component (500); The grounding assembly (200) includes a power unit (220) and a conveyor cylinder (260); The power unit (220) includes an air pump (225) and a telescopic rod (229); The auxiliary component (300) includes a moving group, a first deformable membrane (340), and a second deformable membrane (350). The movable assembly includes a movable plate (310) and a hole-digging cone (320); There are two telescopic rods (229), and the two telescopic rods (229) are symmetrically fixed outside the conveying cylinder (260); There are two moving groups, and the two moving groups correspond to the two telescopic rods (229) respectively; The hole-digging cone (320) is set below the movable plate (310), and the output end of the telescopic rod (229) is fixed on the movable plate (310); Both deformation membrane one (340) and deformation membrane two (350) are annular. Deformation membrane one (340) is fixed outside the movable plate (310), and deformation membrane two (350) is fixed outside the hole-digging cone (320). An expansion assembly (500) is located outside the movable plate (310) and the cavitation cone (320), and the output end of the air pump (225) is connected to the expansion assembly (500).

2. The land preparation device for a cotton planter according to claim 1, characterized in that, Telescopic rod two (229) is used to drive the two moving groups away from each other; The upper end of the second deformation membrane (350) is fixed to the lower end of the first deformation membrane (340); The movable plate (310) is arc-shaped. When the two movable plates (310) in the two movable groups are in contact with each other, they form a cylindrical shape that runs through the top and bottom. The hole-digging cone (320) is arc-shaped. When the two hole-digging cones (320) in the two moving groups are in contact with each other, they form an inverted cone shape with an open top. In its initial state, the deformable membrane 1 (340) is a cylindrical shape that runs vertically through the body; In its initial state, the deformable membrane 2 (350) is an inverted frustum shape that runs vertically through the top and bottom; The two movable plates (310) in the two movable groups are located inside the first deformable membrane (340); The two caving cones (320) in the two moving groups are located inside the second deformable membrane (350); The movable plate (310) and the first deformable membrane (340) are fixed in a linear manner, and the two movable plates (310) in the two movable groups are fixed in a linear manner on the side away from each other in the inner circle of the first deformable membrane (340); The caving cone (320) and the second deformation membrane (350) are fixed in a linear manner; the two caving cones (320) in the two moving groups are fixed in a linear manner on the side away from each other in the inner circle of the second deformation membrane (350).

3. The land preparation device for a cotton planter according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a walking component (100); The walking assembly (100) includes a walking vehicle (110), a handrail (120), a mounting box (130), a mounting port one (131), a mounting port two (132), a seeder (140), and a scraper (150). The handrail (120) is fixed on the traveling vehicle (110), and the mounting box (130) is fixed on the traveling vehicle (110). The mounting box (130) has mounting port one (131) and mounting port two (132) at its upper and lower ends, respectively. The seeder (140) is fixed on the mounting box (130), and the scraper (150) is set at an angle and fixed on the lower side of the mounting box (130); There are multiple installation ports 1 (131) and 2 (132), and they correspond one-to-one. The multiple installation ports 1 (131) and multiple installation ports 2 (132) are evenly spaced. The number of seeders (140) is the same as the number of installation ports 1 (131), and they correspond one-to-one. Both mounting port one (131) and mounting port two (132) are cylindrical, and the axis of mounting port one (131) and the axis of its corresponding mounting port two (132) are on the same straight line; The output of the seeder (140) is connected to the installation port (131).

4. The land preparation device for a cotton planter according to claim 3, characterized in that, The number of grounding components (200) is consistent with the number of installation ports (131), and they correspond one-to-one; The number of auxiliary components (300) is the same as the number of land preparation components (200), and they correspond one-to-one; The grounding assembly (200) also includes a mounting plate (210), a rotating port (211), a lifting cylinder (230), a positioning cylinder (240), and a hopper (250). The power component (220) also includes a telescopic rod (221), a connecting rod (222), a motor (223), a gear (224), a bearing (227), and a tooth (228). The lifting cylinder (230), positioning cylinder (240) and conveying cylinder (260) are all cylindrical bodies that run vertically through each other, and their axes are on the same straight line. The positioning cylinder (240) is fixed in the first installation port (131), and the lifting cylinder (230) is slidably set in the second installation port (132); The hopper (250) is slidably disposed inside the positioning cylinder (240), and the conveying cylinder (260) is fixed at the output end of the lower end of the hopper (250), with the lower end of the conveying cylinder (260) extending into the auxiliary component (300); The upper end of the telescopic rod (221) is fixed to the top side inside the mounting box (130), and the lower end of the telescopic rod (221) is fixed to the upper side of the mounting plate (210). The mounting plate (210) is located inside the mounting box (130). The two ends of the connecting rod (222) are respectively fixed to the output end of the telescopic rod (221) and the outer wall of the conveying cylinder (260); A rotating opening (211) is provided on the mounting plate (210), the outer ring of the bearing (227) is fixed in the rotating opening (211), and the lifting cylinder (230) is fixed in the inner ring of the bearing (227); The gear tooth (228) is fixed above the inner ring of the bearing (227); The motor (223) is fixed on the lower side of the mounting plate (210), and the output end of the motor (223) is fixed with a gear (224), which is located above the mounting plate (210). The gear (224) and the tooth (228) mesh with each other; The telescopic rod (221) is used to drive the overall height of the mounting plate (210) to rise and fall, and the motor (223) is used to drive the lifting cylinder (230) to rotate.

5. The land preparation device for a cotton planter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The grounding assembly (200) also includes a rotating plate (270) and a ground-piercing needle (280); The rotating plate (270) is a cylindrical shape that runs through the top and bottom, and the axis of the rotating plate (270) is on the same straight line as the axis of the conveying cylinder (260); The outer ring of the rotating plate (270) is fixed to the inner ring of the lifting cylinder (230), and the conveying cylinder (260) is rotated and sealed to the inner ring of the rotating plate (270); The upper ends of the movable plate (310) and the deformable membrane (340) are closely attached to the lower side of the rotating plate (270); The auxiliary component (300) is located below the rotating plate (270); The ground-piercing needles (280) are fixed on the lower side of the rotating plate (270). There are multiple ground-piercing needles (280), and the multiple ground-piercing needles (280) are evenly spaced in a ring. The tip of the ground-piercing needle (280) points downwards, and the lower end of the ground-piercing needle (280) is flush with the lower end of the lifting cylinder (230); When the telescopic rod (229) drives the two moving groups to move away from each other to the maximum state, the auxiliary component (300) does not contact the ground-piercing needle (280); The lower end of the lifting cylinder (230) is chamfered.

6. The land preparation device for a cotton planter according to claim 5, characterized in that, The number of expansion components (500) and auxiliary components (300) are the same and correspond one-to-one; The expansion assembly (500) includes an abutment group; Each expansion assembly (500) includes two abutment groups, each abutment group includes two airbags (510), and each movement group corresponds one-to-one with each abutment group; Two airbags (510) are symmetrically fixed on the outer wall of the moving plate (310) and the digging cone (320). The airbags (510) are located between the moving plate (310) and the deformation membrane (340) and between the digging cone (320) and the deformation membrane (350). Two airbags (510) are located on both sides of the linear fixing point of the movable plate (310) and the deformation membrane (340), and on both sides of the linear fixing point of the digging cone (320) and the deformation membrane (350).

7. The land preparation device for a cotton planter according to claim 6, characterized in that, The auxiliary component (300) also includes a gas delivery pipe (380); The gas delivery pipe (380) is located inside the delivery cylinder (260) and auxiliary components (300); One end of the gas delivery pipe (380) is connected to the second air bag (510), and the gas delivery pipe (380) is fixed to the inner wall of the delivery cylinder (260); When the two moving groups are farthest apart, the gas supply pipe (380) is in a relaxed state; The power component (220) also includes a connecting pipe (226); The air pump (225) is fixed on the upper side of the mounting plate (210), and the connecting pipe (226) is fixed at the output end of the air pump (225). The end of the connecting pipe (226) away from the air pump (225) passes through the conveying cylinder (260) and is connected to the air supply pipe (380).

8. The land preparation device for a cotton planter according to claim 7, characterized in that, The auxiliary component (300) also includes an electromagnet (390); The electromagnet (390) is ring-shaped and fixed to the lower end of the conveying cylinder (260); The moving assembly also includes a deformation port (330); Deformation openings (330) are provided at the ends of the two movable plates (310) that are close to each other within the two movable groups; It also includes an adsorption component (400), the number of which is the same as the number of auxiliary components (300), and they correspond one-to-one; The adsorption assembly (400) includes iron balls (410), and a single adsorption assembly (400) includes two iron balls (410). Two iron balls (410) are symmetrically fixed inside the deformation membrane (340), with the iron balls (410) located at the deformation opening (330); When the electromagnet (390) is energized, it attracts the iron ball (410), causing the deformation film (340) to deform inward.

9. The land preparation device for a cotton planter according to claim 8, characterized in that, The mobile unit also includes airbag one (370); Airbag 1 (370) is fixed to the inner wall of the digging cone (320), and airbag 1 (370) completely covers the upper half of the inner wall of the digging cone (320); Airbag 1 (370) and airbag 2 (510) are connected, and the air supply tube (380) is fixed on airbag 1 (370).

10. A land preparation device for a cotton planter according to claim 9, characterized in that, The auxiliary component (300) also includes a transient group; Each auxiliary component (300) includes two transient groups, each corresponding to one of the two movement groups; The transient group includes an electrorheological fluid tank (360); The electrorheological fluid bladder (360) is arc-shaped. The upper end of the electrorheological fluid bladder (360) is fixed to the lower end of the movable plate (310), and the upper end of the cavitation cone (320) is fixed to the lower end of the electrorheological fluid bladder (360). Two electrode plates are provided inside the electrorheological fluid bladder (360). The electrode plates are in contact with the electrorheological fluid filling the electrorheological fluid bladder (360). The electrode plates are connected to an external power source. A pressure sensor is fixed inside the tip of the bottommost end of the hole-digging cone (320). The pressure sensor is used to detect pressure changes at the tip of the hole-digging cone (320).

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