A corn seeding and film covering integrated machine and a corn seeding and film covering operation method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of corn seeding, and discloses a corn seeding and film covering integrated machine and a corn seeding and film covering operation method. The integrated machine comprises front and rear supports which are fixedly connected, the front support is sequentially provided with a ditching and ridging device, a fertilizing device, a seed sowing device and a pressing device along the operation direction, and the rear support is provided with a film covering device; a power device is installed at the lower part of the front support, and the fertilizing device and the seed sowing device are respectively provided with a fertilizing outer groove wheel and a seed sowing outer groove wheel which are sleeved on corresponding rotating shafts. The power device comprises land wheels which are separately arranged on the two sides of the front support, the land wheels are connected to a power input end, and a fertilizer box rotating shaft and a seed sowing rotating shaft are synchronously driven at the output end. The present application integrates five core processes, can complete the whole process operation once entering the ground, greatly improves the operation efficiency, reduces the number of times of entering the ground of the machine and tool, avoids soil compaction and hardening, synchronously drives the two outer groove wheels by the land wheels, linearly synchronizes the seed sowing amount and the operation speed, stabilizes and uniformly sows the seeds, and has reliable mechanical transmission structure and low maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of corn planting technology, and in particular to an integrated corn planting and mulching machine and a corn planting and mulching operation method. Background Technology

[0002] Corn is one of my country's main food crops. Mulching technology is widely used in corn cultivation because it has the advantages of conserving moisture and increasing temperature, suppressing weeds, and improving seedling emergence rate.

[0003] Currently, there are still many shortcomings in the equipment used for corn planting, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale and precision planting: Operational functions are fragmented, and the efficiency of process integration is low. Most existing equipment only has a single function of sowing or mulching. Multiple machines are needed to complete processes such as ditching, fertilizing, sowing, mulching, and compaction in separate trips. This not only results in cumbersome operations and low production efficiency but also causes repeated soil compaction and hardening, damaging the soil's aggregate structure and affecting corn root growth and later yield. The matching degree between fertilizer and seed dispensing and the machine's travel speed is poor, leading to insufficient operational precision. Some fertilizer and seed dispensing equipment using external grooved wheel structures lacks a strict synchronization relationship between its power source and the machine's travel speed. Fluctuations in operating speed can easily cause uneven seeding per unit area, resulting in missing seedlings, broken rows, or inconsistent planting density, making it difficult to guarantee sowing quality. Some equipment uses electric or hydraulic drive structures, which are not only complex in structure but also have a high failure rate and high maintenance costs in complex field environments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to at least solve the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes an integrated corn planting and mulching machine and a corn planting and mulching operation method, which realizes the entire process of ditching, fertilizing, sowing, mulching and compaction in one operation, while improving the accuracy of fertilizer and seeding, the quality of mulching adhesion and terrain adaptability, and meeting the needs of efficient and precise operation in large-scale corn mulching planting.

[0005] According to some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, a corn planting and mulching integrated machine includes a front support and a rear support, the front support and the rear support being connected. The front support is sequentially equipped with a furrowing and ridging device, a fertilizing device, a seed dispensing device, and a compaction device along the working direction. The rear support is equipped with a mulching device. A power unit is installed at the lower part of the front support. The fertilizing device includes a fertilizer box and a fertilizer box shaft. An outer grooved wheel is fixedly fitted onto the fertilizer box shaft. The outer grooved wheel is located at the bottom of the fertilizer box. The seed dispensing device... The device includes a seed box and a seed metering shaft. A seed metering outer grooved wheel is fixedly mounted on the seed metering shaft and is located at the bottom of the seed box. The power unit includes two ground wheels, which are rotatably mounted on both sides of the front support. The ground wheels are connected to the input end of the power unit, and the output end of the power unit is connected to both the fertilizer box shaft and the seed metering shaft. The pressing device includes a pressing wheel and a shock-absorbing spring. The pressing wheel is hinged to the front support, and the shock-absorbing spring abuts against the pressing wheel and the front support.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, a corn planting and mulching integrated machine includes a fertilizer box and a feeding hopper. The fertilizer box is disposed on the upper part of the front support, and the top of the feeding hopper is connected to the fertilizer box. The fertilizer box rotating shaft is rotatably inserted into the inside of the feeding hopper, the fertilizer outer groove wheel is placed in the cavity of the feeding hopper, and a fertilizer handle assembly is installed at the end of the fertilizer box rotating shaft. The fertilizer handle assembly is located on the outside of the front support.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, a corn planting and mulching integrated machine includes two seed metering devices, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of a fertilization device; each seed metering device further includes a seed meterer and a seed meterer bracket; the top of the seed meterer communicates with the seed box, and the seed meterer is fixed to the front bracket by the seed meterer bracket; a seed metering shaft rotatably passes through the inside of the seed meterer, and the seed metering outer groove wheel is placed in the cavity of the seed meterer; a seed metering hose is connected to the bottom of the seed meterer.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, a corn planting and mulching integrated machine includes a ditching and ridging device comprising a soil separating component, a plowing component, a first connecting beam, and a second connecting beam; the plowing component is fixed to the front end of a front support via the first connecting beam; the second connecting beam is provided on both sides of the front support, the two second connecting beams are hinged to the two soil separating components, a telescopic rod is provided between the soil separating component and the front support, and a pin is provided at both ends of the telescopic rod, the two pins being hinged to the soil separating component and the front support respectively.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, a corn planting and mulching integrated machine is provided, wherein the mulching device includes a film spreading roller, a film pressing roller, a drum and two roller wheels; the drum is rotatably mounted on the front end of a rear support, and the two roller wheels are located on both sides of the drum for limiting the film roll on the drum; the film spreading roller and the film pressing roller are both elastically connected to the rear support.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, a corn planting and mulching integrated machine, the power unit further includes a gearbox and a sprocket assembly, the ground wheel is connected to the gearbox through a ground wheel axle, and the gearbox is connected to the fertilizer box shaft and the seed metering shaft respectively through the sprocket assembly.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, a corn planting and mulching integrated machine includes a power unit further comprising a ground wheel axle, a vehicle beam, a power transmission shaft, and a bearing seat; the vehicle beam is connected to the front support, the gearbox is fixed on the vehicle beam, and the gear set is provided inside the gearbox; the two ground wheels are synchronously driven through the ground wheel axle, the ground wheel axle is drivenly connected to the input end of the gear set, the power transmission shaft is supported and fixed to the front support through the bearing seat, the output end of the gear set is drivenly connected to the power transmission shaft, and the sprocket set transmits power through the power transmission shaft.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, a corn planting and mulching integrated machine includes a pressing device that further includes a pressing wheel connecting rod; one end of the pressing wheel connecting rod is hinged to the ground wheel axle, and the other end is rotatably connected to the pressing wheel; the two ends of the shock-absorbing spring abut against the pressing wheel connecting rod and the front bracket respectively, so that the pressing wheel can float up and down with the terrain.

[0013] A corn planting and mulching operation method according to some embodiments of the second aspect of the present invention, implemented based on a corn planting and mulching integrated machine, includes the following steps: S1. The unit moves along the working direction, and the ditching and ridging device opens up planting furrows and shapes them into double ridges. S2. The ground wheel moves and rotates randomly, and the power device synchronously drives the fertilizer box shaft and the seed metering shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the fertilizer outer groove wheel and the seed metering outer groove wheel to rotate synchronously, thus completing quantitative fertilization and sowing. S3. When the unit moves forward, the plastic film is released and compacted onto the ridge surface by the film covering device; S4. The compactor wheel compacts the soil in the seedbed, completing the entire process.

[0014] According to a corn sowing and mulching operation method according to some embodiments of the second aspect of the present invention, in step S3, after sowing and fertilization are completed, the mulch film is passively released from the mulch film roll on the roller, and is flattened by constant tension when passing through the film spreading roller, covering the surface of the double ridge. During the forward movement, the film pressing roller uses its own weight and elastic pressure to press the edge of the mulch film into the soil groove on the side of the ridge.

[0015] A corn planting and mulching integrated machine and a corn planting and mulching operation method according to some embodiments of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects: This invention integrates five core processes—ditching and ridging, fertilization, seeding, mulching, and compaction—through a combination of front and rear supports. The unit can complete the entire corn mulching and sowing process in a single visit, saving time and labor costs associated with multiple machine transfers and process connections, thus significantly improving operational efficiency. At the same time, it reduces the number of times the machine enters the field, avoids repeated soil compaction and hardening, protects the soil aggregate structure, and promotes corn root growth. This invention uses a ground wheel as the power input source, and synchronously drives the fertilizer box shaft and the seed metering shaft through a power device. This ensures that the rotation speed of the fertilizer and seed metering outer groove wheels changes linearly and synchronously with the group's travel speed, guaranteeing a stable and uniform amount of fertilizer and seed per unit area. This effectively avoids uneven seeding caused by fluctuations in operating speed. The invention employs a purely mechanical transmission structure, requiring no additional power source. Its simple and reliable structure offers strong adaptability to field environments and low maintenance costs. The compaction wheel uses a hinged installation combined with a shock-absorbing spring for elastic contact. It can adaptively float up and down with the undulations of the field terrain, maintaining a stable ground pressure and ensuring uniform compaction of the seedbed throughout the field. This promotes uniform corn emergence and improves the uniformity of field growth.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fertilization device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the seed metering device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the seed metering device structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the ditching and ridging device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the coating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the pressing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the power unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Reference numerals: 1. Fertilizer applicator; 2. Seed metering device; 3. Furrowing and ridging device; 4. Mulching device; 5. Power unit; 6. Rear support; 7. Front support; 8. Compactor; 11. Fertilizer box; 12. Fertilizer delivery pipe; 13. Fertilizer outer groove wheel; 14. Fertilizer handle assembly; 15. Fertilizer box shaft; 16. Feed hopper; 21. Seed box; 22. Seed metering handle assembly; 23. Seed metering hose; 24. Seed meterer; 25. Seed metering shaft; 241. Seed meterer bracket; 242. 31. Seeding outer groove wheel; 32. Soil separating component; 33. Plowing component; 34. Telescopic rod; 35. Second connecting beam; 36. First connecting beam; 47. Pin shaft; 48. Roller; 49. Roller wheel; 40. Pressing film wheel; 41. Film spreading roller; 52. Ground wheel; 53. Ground wheel axle; 54. Vehicle beam; 55. Gearbox; 56. Gear set; 57. Sprocket set; 58. Power transmission shaft; 59. Bearing seat; 80. Pressing wheel; 81. Shock absorber spring; 82. Pressing wheel connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, left, right, front, and back, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the module or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0027] In the description of this invention, the use of "first" and "second" is for the purpose of distinguishing technical features only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or the order of the technical features indicated.

[0028] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0029] like Figures 1-8As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a corn planting and mulching integrated machine.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the corn planting and mulching integrated machine described in this embodiment includes a front support 7 and a rear support 6 that are fixedly connected to each other. The front end of the front support 7 is used to be suspended and connected to traction equipment such as tractors. Along the working direction, from front to back, a ditching and ridging device 3, a fertilizing device 1, a seed metering device 2, and a pressing device 8 are installed in sequence. The rear support 6 extends backward and a mulching device 4 is installed on it.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, the fertilization device 1 is installed on the upper crossbeam of the front support 7, and includes a fertilizer box 11, a hopper 16, a fertilizer box shaft 15, an outer grooved wheel 13, a fertilizer handle assembly 14, and a fertilizer delivery pipe 12. The fertilizer box 11 is fixed to the top of the front support 7 and adopts a left and right dual-cavity independent layout, corresponding to two rows of planting positions respectively; the bottom of the fertilizer box 11 has two independent discharge ports, which are sealed and connected to the top of the corresponding hopper 16 below. The fertilizer box shaft 15 rotates laterally and passes through the cavity of the hopper 16. The outer grooved wheel 13 is fixedly mounted on the fertilizer box shaft 15 and is placed inside the cavity of the hopper 16. One end of the fertilizer box shaft 15 extends to the outside of the front support 7, and the end is equipped with a fertilizer handle assembly 14. Rotating the fertilizer handle assembly 14 can drive the outer grooved wheel 13 to move axially, changing the effective working length of the grooved wheel, thereby linearly adjusting the single fertilizer discharge volume. The bottom outlet of the hopper 16 is connected to a fertilizer conveying pipe 12, through which fertilizer falls directionally into the side of the planting ditch.

[0032] During operation, fertilizer falls from fertilizer box 11 into hopper 16 by its own weight, filling the groove of fertilizer applicator wheel 13; fertilizer box shaft 15 drives fertilizer applicator wheel 13 to rotate, and fertilizer in the groove is forced out and falls into planting ditch through fertilizer delivery pipe 12, realizing volumetric quantitative fertilizer discharge.

[0033] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, there are two seed metering devices 2, symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the fertilization device 1, corresponding to two rows of planting positions respectively. Each seed metering device 2 includes a seed box 21, a seed meterer 24, a seed meterer bracket 241, a seed metering shaft 25, a seed metering outer groove wheel 242, a seed metering handle assembly 22, and a seed metering hose 23.

[0034] The seed box 21 is fixed to the upper part of the front support 7, and its bottom outlet is sealed to the top inlet of the seed metering device 24. The seed metering device 24 is bolted to the side of the front support 7 via the seed metering device bracket 241. The seed metering shaft 25 rotates laterally and passes through the cavity of the seed metering device 24. The seed metering outer groove wheel 242 is fixedly mounted on the seed metering shaft 25 and placed inside the cavity of the seed metering device 24. A seed metering handle assembly 22 is installed at the end of the seed metering shaft 25 for adjusting the axial working length of the seed metering outer groove wheel 242. The bottom outlet of the seed metering device 24 is connected to a seed metering hose 23, the lower end of which is aligned with the planting furrow to accurately guide the seeds into the furrow.

[0035] During operation, corn seeds fall from the seed box 21 into the seed metering device 24 by their own weight, filling the groove of the seed metering outer groove wheel 242; the seed metering shaft 25 drives the seed metering outer groove wheel 242 to rotate, and the seeds in the groove are quantitatively discharged and fall into the planting furrow through the seed metering hose 23, realizing volumetric precision seeding.

[0036] like Figure 5 As shown, the ditching and ridging device 3 is installed at the front end of the front support 7 and includes a plowing component 32, a first connecting beam 35, a soil separating component 31, a second connecting beam 34, a telescopic rod 33, and a pin 36.

[0037] The plowing assembly 32 is vertically fixed to the front center of the front bracket 7 via the first connecting beam 35. The first connecting beam 35 has multiple sets of adjustment holes. By adjusting the fixing position of the bolts, the installation height of the plowing assembly 32 can be changed to adapt to agronomic requirements of different furrowing depths.

[0038] A second connecting beam 34 is fixed on each of the left and right sides of the front support 7. Two soil-dividing components 31 are respectively hinged to the ends of the corresponding second connecting beams 34 via pins 36. A telescopic rod 33 is provided between the soil-dividing components 31 and the front support 7, with both ends of the telescopic rod 33 hinged to the soil-dividing components 31 and the front support 7, respectively. By adjusting the extension of the telescopic rod 33, the soil-dividing components 31 can be rotated around the pins 36, changing the soil-dividing angle and the soil-dividing amplitude. This, combined with the plowing component 32, forms a regular double-ridge shape, adapting to planting needs with different ridge spacings.

[0039] like Figure 8 As shown, the power unit 5 is installed on the lower part of the front bracket 7 and includes a ground wheel 51, a ground wheel axle 52, a beam 53, a gearbox 54, a gear set 55, a sprocket set 56, a power transmission shaft 57, and a bearing seat 58.

[0040] The beam 53 is horizontally fixed to the bottom of the front support 7, and the gearbox 54 is fixedly installed on the beam 53. The gearbox 54 contains a gear set 55. Two ground wheels 51 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the front support 7 and are coaxially connected through the ground wheel axle 52 to achieve synchronous rotation. The ground wheel axle 52 is connected to the input end of the gear set 55 through a sleeve gear (not shown).

[0041] The power drive shaft 57 is supported and fixed on the front bracket 7 by the bearing seat 58. The output end of the gear set 55 is connected to the power drive shaft 57. The sprocket set 56 includes multiple sprockets. A rotating shaft is installed on the gear set 55. The sprockets are all fitted on the power drive shaft 57, both sides of the rotating shaft, the fertilizer box rotating shaft 15, and the seed metering rotating shaft 25. The sprockets on the power drive shaft 57 are connected to the sprockets on the fertilizer box rotating shaft 15. The two sprockets on both sides of the rotating shaft are connected to the sprockets on the two seed metering rotating shafts 25 respectively. The two sprockets on both sides of the rotating shaft are located on both sides of the gearbox 54.

[0042] During operation, the ground wheel 51 moves forward and rolls with the machine group, transmitting the power of travel to the gearbox 54 through the ground wheel shaft 52. After passing through the gear group 55, the power is transmitted synchronously to the fertilizer box shaft 15 and the seed metering shaft 25 through the rotating shaft and the power transmission shaft 57 and the sprocket group 56, thus achieving rigid synchronization between the fertilizer metering and seed metering speed and the machine group's travel speed, ensuring a stable seeding rate per unit area.

[0043] like Figure 6 As shown, the film coating device 4 is mounted on the rear support 6, and the film spreading roller 44, film pressing roller 43 and roller 41 are arranged sequentially from front to back along the working direction.

[0044] Roller 41 is horizontally rotatably mounted at the front end of rear support 6. Two rollers 42 are respectively fitted on the left and right sides of roller 41 to limit and fix the film roll, preventing axial movement of the film roll. Film spreading roller 44 and film pressing roller 43 are both connected to rear support 6 through an elastic structure. Film spreading roller 44 is elastically hinged by a torsion spring structure, which can press the film surface with constant tension. Film pressing roller 43 adopts an elastic suspension structure, which can adaptively float with the undulation of the ridge surface.

[0045] During operation, the plastic film roll is mounted on the roller 41 and passively released as the roll moves forward. When the plastic film passes the spreading roller 44, it is flattened to maintain stable film tension and prevent wrinkling. Then, the pressing roller 43 presses the two sides of the plastic film into the soil groove on the side of the ridge to achieve film sealing and ensure tight film adhesion.

[0046] like Figure 7 As shown, the pressing device 8 is arranged behind the seeding device 2, and includes a pressing wheel 81, a shock-absorbing spring 82 and a pressing wheel connecting rod 83.

[0047] The front end of the press wheel connecting rod 83 is hinged to the bearing seat of the ground wheel axle 52, and the rear end is rotatably connected to the wheel axle of the press wheel 81, forming a hinged floating structure that can swing up and down. The shock-absorbing spring 82 is a compression spring, vertically arranged between the press wheel connecting rod 83 and the front bracket 7, with its two ends abutting against the rod body of the press wheel connecting rod 83 and the bottom of the crossbeam of the front bracket 7, respectively, providing downward elastic pressure to the press wheel 81.

[0048] During operation, the compaction wheel 81 compacts the surface soil of the seedbed under the combined action of its own weight and the elastic force of the shock-absorbing spring 82. When encountering undulating terrain in the field, the compaction wheel 81 can float up and down around the hinge point with the compaction wheel connecting rod 83, always maintaining a stable ground pressure and ensuring uniform compaction of the seedbed throughout the field. By adjusting the preload of the shock-absorbing spring 82, the compaction pressure can be steplessly adjusted to adapt to different soil moisture conditions.

[0049] This invention also provides a method for corn planting and mulching operations, implemented using an integrated corn planting and mulching machine. Before operation, adjust the equipment parameters according to agronomic requirements: adjust the installation height of the plowing component 32 to set the furrowing depth, adjust the length of the telescopic rod 33 to set the soil spreading angle and ridge spacing; adjust the spacing of the roller wheel 42 to match the corresponding width of the mulch film roll, and adjust the preload of the shock-absorbing spring 82 to set the pressure intensity.

[0050] S1. The unit is driven by the traction equipment to move at a constant speed along the working direction. The plowing component 32 at the front end opens a planting furrow of a set depth, and the soil separating components 31 on both sides divide and sort the soil to both sides to form a regular double ridge shape.

[0051] S2, the ground wheel 51 moves forward and rolls in a random manner. Through the gearbox 54 and the sprocket group 56, it drives the fertilizer box shaft 15 and the seed metering shaft 25 to rotate synchronously, which in turn drives the fertilizer outer groove wheel 13 and the seed metering outer groove wheel 242 to rotate synchronously, respectively completing quantitative fertilization and precision sowing. The fertilizer and seeds fall into the planting ditch through the corresponding pipes.

[0052] S3. After sowing and fertilization are completed, the mulch film is passively released from the mulch film roll on the roller 41. When it passes through the film spreading roller 44, it is flattened by constant tension and covers the surface of the double ridges. The film pressing roller 43 uses its own weight and elastic pressure to press the edge of the mulch film into the soil groove on the side of the ridge during its forward movement, thus completing the mulching and sealing.

[0053] S4. The press roller 81 rolls over the seedbed, and under the action of elastic force, it moderately compacts the surface soil at the sowing position, so that the seeds are in close contact with the soil, thus completing all the operation procedures.

[0054] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A corn planting and mulching integrated machine, characterized in that: The system includes a front support and a rear support, which are connected. The front support is equipped with a ditching and ridging device, a fertilizing device, a seed metering device, and a compaction device, arranged sequentially along the working direction. The rear support is equipped with a mulching device. A power unit is installed at the lower part of the front support. The fertilizing device includes a fertilizer box and a fertilizer box shaft. An outer grooved fertilizing wheel is fixedly mounted on the fertilizer box shaft and is located at the bottom of the fertilizer box. The seed metering device includes a seed box and a seed metering shaft. An outer grooved seed metering wheel is fixedly mounted on the seed metering shaft and is located at the bottom of the seed box. The power unit includes two ground wheels, rotatably mounted on both sides of the front support. The ground wheels are connected to the input end of the power unit, and the output end of the power unit is connected to both the fertilizer box shaft and the seed metering shaft. The compaction device includes a compaction wheel and a shock-absorbing spring. The compaction wheel is hinged to the front support, and the shock-absorbing spring abuts against the compaction wheel and the front support.

2. The corn planting and mulching integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilization device also includes a fertilizer box and a feeding hopper; the fertilizer box is located on the upper part of the front support, and the top of the feeding hopper is connected to the fertilizer box; the fertilizer box shaft is rotatably inserted into the inside of the feeding hopper, the fertilizer outer groove wheel is placed in the cavity of the feeding hopper, and a fertilizer handle assembly is installed at the end of the fertilizer box shaft, the fertilizer handle assembly is located on the outside of the front support.

3. The corn planting and mulching integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two seed metering devices, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fertilization device. Each seed metering device also includes a seed meterer and a seed meterer bracket. The top of the seed meterer is connected to the seed box, and the seed meterer is fixed to the front bracket by the seed meterer bracket. The seed metering shaft is rotatably inserted inside the seed meterer, and the seed metering outer groove wheel is placed in the cavity of the seed meterer. A seed metering hose is connected to the bottom of the seed meterer.

4. The corn planting and mulching integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ditching and ridging device includes a soil separating component, a plowing component, a first connecting beam, and a second connecting beam; the plowing component is fixed to the front end of the front support via the first connecting beam; the second connecting beam is provided on both sides of the front support, and the two second connecting beams are hinged to the two soil separating components; a telescopic rod is provided between the soil separating component and the front support, and a pin is provided at both ends of the telescopic rod, with the two pins respectively hinged to the soil separating component and the front support.

5. The corn planting and mulching integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The film coating device includes a film spreading roller, a film pressing roller, a drum, and two roller wheels; the drum is rotatably mounted at the front end of the rear support, and the two roller wheels are located on both sides of the drum to limit the film roll on the drum; the film spreading roller and the film pressing roller are both elastically connected to the rear support.

6. The corn planting and mulching integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power unit also includes a ground wheel axle, a gearbox, and a sprocket assembly. The ground wheel is connected to the gearbox via the ground wheel axle, and the gearbox is connected to the fertilizer box shaft and the seed metering shaft via the sprocket assembly.

7. A corn planting and mulching integrated machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The power unit also includes a vehicle beam, a power transmission shaft, and a bearing housing; the vehicle beam is connected to the front support, the gearbox is fixed on the vehicle beam, and the gear set is installed inside the gearbox; the two ground wheels are synchronously driven through ground wheel axles, the ground wheel axles are connected to the input end of the gear set, the power transmission shaft is supported and fixed to the front support through the bearing housing, the output end of the gear set is connected to the power transmission shaft, and the sprocket set transmits power through the power transmission shaft.

8. A corn planting and mulching integrated machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pressing device also includes a pressing wheel connecting rod; one end of the pressing wheel connecting rod is hinged to the ground wheel axle, and the other end is rotatably connected to the pressing wheel; the two ends of the shock-absorbing spring abut against the pressing wheel connecting rod and the front bracket respectively, so that the pressing wheel can float up and down with the terrain.

9. A method for corn planting and mulching, implemented using the integrated corn planting and mulching machine according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The unit moves along the working direction, and the ditching and ridging device opens up planting furrows and shapes them into double ridges. S2. The ground wheel moves and rotates randomly, and the power device synchronously drives the fertilizer box shaft and the seed metering shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the fertilizer outer groove wheel and the seed metering outer groove wheel to rotate synchronously, thus completing quantitative fertilization and sowing. S3. When the unit moves forward, the plastic film is released and compacted onto the ridge surface by the film covering device; S4. The compactor wheel compacts the soil in the seedbed, completing the entire process.

10. A method for corn planting and mulching according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S3, after sowing and fertilization are completed, the mulch film is passively released from the mulch film roll on the roller. When it passes through the film spreading roller, it is flattened by constant tension and covers the surface of the double ridge. During the forward movement, the film pressing roller uses its own weight and elastic pressure to press the edge of the mulch film into the soil groove on the side of the ridge.

Images