A mung bean precision seeding device and a seeding method

Abstract

The application provides a mung bean precision seeding device and a seeding method, and relates to the technical field of mung bean seeding, and comprises a rack, a rotary cultivator is connected to the head of the rack, and a manure spreading mechanism is arranged on the rotary cultivator; a chemical fertilizer deep application mechanism is arranged on the rack; a ridge forming and hole forming mechanism is arranged in the middle of the rack; a film covering and hole opening mechanism is arranged in the middle of the rack; a seeding mechanism is arranged at the tail of the rack; and a covering mechanism is arranged on the rack, the input end of the covering mechanism corresponds to the film covering and hole opening mechanism, and the output end of the covering mechanism is located at the rear of the seeding mechanism. After the ridge forming and hole forming mechanism forms a concave hole on the ridge, the concave hole structure not only provides a fitting support surface for the film, but also cooperates with the film covering and hole opening mechanism and the seeding mechanism to complete seed feeding under the premise of minimizing the planting hole diameter, effectively inhibits weed germination; meanwhile, the concave hole cooperates with the film to form a concave rain collecting surface, can collect and guide precipitation or dew to the planting hole, and significantly improves the utilization efficiency of precipitation or dew.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mung bean sowing technology, and more specifically, to a precision sowing device and sowing method for mung beans. Background Technology

[0002] Mung beans are an important coarse grain crop in my country, mainly produced in arid and semi-arid regions. These regions experience scarce rainfall and high evaporation rates, making seedling survival and emergence uniformity difficult, which are the main bottlenecks restricting mung bean yield increases. Mulching cultivation is widely used due to its significant warming and moisture-retaining effects. However, existing mulching techniques have the following prominent problems in the mulch opening stage: I. Traditional mulching seeders typically use mechanical punching or slits to create holes from the outside of the mulch film. To ensure seeds fall smoothly into the soil, the hole diameter is usually 3cm to 5cm or even larger. These excessively large holes expose large areas of soil beneath the film, not only accelerating water evaporation but also providing light, air, and growing space for weed seeds to germinate. A large number of weeds compete with mung bean seedlings for water and nutrients through the holes, severely impacting mung bean growth and forcing farmers to increase labor or herbicide usage, thus raising production costs.

[0003] Second, with existing flat-cropping or ridge-cropping mulching, the mulch film surface is smooth. The small amounts of rainfall or dew collected on the film surface mostly run off to the furrows, failing to effectively collect at the crop roots. In arid and semi-arid regions, rainfall is mostly in the form of low-intensity, short-duration, sporadic showers. This water evaporates before it can penetrate the root zone, resulting in a waste of precious water resources. While some solutions incorporate drainage channels pressed into the mulch film surface, the lack of coordinated design between the vent locations and the rainwater collection structure makes it difficult to accurately channel the collected water into the planting holes, limiting the actual rainwater collection effect.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need for a precision seeding device that can effectively reduce the planting hole size and achieve precise rain collection, in order to solve the technical problems of excessively large openings causing weed growth and poor rain collection effect in existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a precision mung bean sowing device and method to improve the aforementioned problems. To achieve the above objective, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: This application provides a precision seeding device for mung beans, comprising: The frame has a rotary tiller attached to its front, and the rotary tiller is equipped with an organic fertilizer spreading mechanism. The frame is used to connect to the rear of the tractor, and the rotary tiller is driven by the tractor. The fertilizer deep application mechanism is mounted on the frame and is located at the rear of the rotary tiller; The ridging and pit-forming mechanism is located in the middle of the machine frame. It is used to form pits on the ridges after ridging. The film covering and hole opening mechanism is located in the middle of the frame. The film covering and hole opening mechanism is used to squeeze and adhere the film to the pit, and after passing through the film, open the planting hole in the middle position of the pit. The sowing mechanism, located at the rear of the frame, is used to release a fixed amount of mung bean seeds into the recessed holes. The mung bean seeds roll on the plastic film in the recessed holes and then enter the planting holes. The soil covering mechanism is mounted on the frame. The input end of the soil covering mechanism is set to correspond to the film covering hole opening mechanism, and the output end of the soil covering mechanism is located behind the sowing mechanism. The soil covering mechanism is used to transport soil to the film in the planting hole and the depression.

[0006] Preferably, the organic fertilizer application mechanism includes: The hopper is mounted on the machine frame. The bottom of the hopper has a discharge channel located in front of the rotary tiller. Multiple partitions are arranged inside the hopper. The limiting frame has a through discharge channel, and a flow limiting plate is slidably connected inside the limiting frame. The limiting frame is threaded with multiple handle bolts, and the ends of the handle bolts abut against the flow limiting plate. The crushing shaft runs through the bottom of the hopper and has multiple crushing rods. The crushing shaft is connected to pulley I, and pulley II is connected to the rotating shaft of the rotary tiller. Pulley I and pulley II are connected by belt I.

[0007] Preferably, the fertilizer deep application mechanism includes: Multiple fertilizer boxes are arranged on the top of the frame, and the fertilizer boxes are connected to guide pipes; A connecting shaft is installed through the bottom of the fertilizer box. Multiple levers are installed on the connecting shaft, which are located inside the fertilizer box. Pulleys III are connected to both ends of the connecting shaft. Two drive wheels are fixedly connected to a drive shaft at the middle position. The two drive wheels are rotatably connected to the bottom sides of the frame through the drive shaft. The drive shaft is connected to pulley IV, and pulley III is connected to pulley IV through belt II. Multiple connecting columns are arranged and connected inside the frame. The connecting columns are set corresponding to the fertilizer box. The bottom front end of the connecting column is connected to a furrowing plow, and the bottom rear end of the connecting column is connected to a soil covering plate. An outlet pipe is provided between the connecting column and the soil covering plate, and the guide pipe passes through the outlet pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the ridge-forming mechanism includes: Two triangular plows are attached to the two sides of the bottom end of the frame; Drive shaft I is rotatably connected to the frame. Drive shaft I is connected to a forming cylinder. Multiple forming hemispheres are arranged on the outer wall of the forming cylinder. Conical cylinders are provided at both ends of the forming cylinder. Two drive wheels I are fixedly connected to both ends of drive shaft I, and multiple tapered rods I are arranged on the outer wall of drive wheels I.

[0009] Preferably, the membrane-covered perforation mechanism includes: Drive shaft II is rotatably connected to the frame. Drive shaft I is connected to a pressure cylinder. Multiple extrusion opening components are arranged on the peripheral wall of the pressure cylinder, and the extrusion opening components are set corresponding to the shaping hemisphere. Two drive wheels II are fixedly connected to both ends of drive shaft II, and multiple tapered rods II are arranged on the outer wall of drive wheels II; The unwinding roller is connected inside the frame and is located in front of the pressing cylinder; Two pressing rollers are rotatably connected to the bottom two sides of the frame, and the pressing rollers are located behind the pressing cylinder; Two soil covering discs are rotatably connected to the two sides of the bottom end of the frame, and the soil covering discs are set corresponding to the pressing rollers.

[0010] Preferably, sprocket I is connected to both ends of drive shaft I, and sprocket II is connected to both ends of drive shaft II. Sprocket II has the same specifications as sprocket I, and sprocket I and sprocket II are connected by chain I.

[0011] Preferably, the extrusion opening assembly includes: The limiting barrel is connected inside the pressure film cylinder; A connecting cylinder is provided, which is connected through the pressure film cylinder. A limiting ring plate is provided at the top of the outer wall of the connecting cylinder. The limiting ring plate is slidably connected inside the limiting barrel. The limiting ring plate is used to abut against the inner wall of the pressure film cylinder. A connecting ring plate is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the connecting cylinder. A return spring is connected between the connecting ring plate and the limiting barrel. An extruded hemisphere is connected to the bottom of the connecting cylinder. A through hole is provided in the middle of the extruded hemisphere, and multiple extrusion strips are arranged on the outer wall of the extruded hemisphere. The top of the perforated rod is fixedly connected to the limiting barrel. After the squeezed hemisphere slides upward, the bottom of the perforated rod passes through the through hole, and the bottom end of the perforated rod is provided with a wall-breaking cone.

[0012] Preferably, the seeding mechanism includes: Multiple seed storage bins are connected to the frame, and the bottom of each seed storage bin is connected to an inlet pipe; Multiple cylindrical shells, with corresponding seed storage compartments connected to the frame, are provided with partition cylinders inside the cylindrical shells. The partition cylinders divide the cylindrical shells into temporary storage chambers and seed discharging chambers. An inlet pipe is provided through the temporary storage chamber. A seed discharging hole is provided through the bottom end of the partition cylinder, and a sloping groove is provided at the top end of the partition cylinder. Multiple seeding ring plates are rotatably connected to the outer wall of the spacer cylinder. The inner wall of the seeding ring plate is provided with several grooves, which are set to correspond to the seed discharge hole and the inclined groove. The outer wall of the groove is provided with a toothed ring, and a gear is provided in the seed discharge chamber, which meshes with the toothed ring. The drive shaft is arranged through multiple cylindrical housings. Gears are connected to the drive shaft. The drive shaft is connected to sprocket III. The drive shaft II is connected to sprocket IV. Sprocket III and sprocket IV are connected by chain II. Multiple seed outlet tubes are connected to the outer wall of the columnar shell. The seed outlet tubes are set with corresponding inclined grooves, and the ends of the seed outlet tubes are provided with inclined outlet tube sections.

[0013] Preferably, the soil covering mechanism includes: Two tripods are connected to both sides of the frame. The tripods are located behind the film-covering and perforating mechanism. A plow is connected to the front end of the tripods, and a U-shaped guide plate is connected to the inclined surface of the tripods. Two conveyor belts are inclinedly arranged on both sides of the frame. Partitions II are provided on both sides of the conveyor belts. Multiple push plates are arranged on the surface of the conveyor belts. The input end of the conveyor belt is set at the tail end of the U-shaped guide plate. Synchronous shaft is rotatably connected to the frame. The synchronous shaft is connected to two conveyor belts respectively. The synchronous shaft is connected to the rotating shaft of the rotary tiller through a pulley set. Two discharge hoppers are mounted on both sides of the frame. The discharge hoppers are located below the output end of the conveyor belt. Multiple diversion hoppers are formed inside the discharge hoppers by diversion plates. The output ports of the diversion hoppers are connected to the guide channel. The output end of the guide channel is located behind the seeding mechanism. Multiple V-shaped scrapers are arranged at the rear of the frame, with the V-shaped scrapers corresponding to the output end of the guide channel. The V-shaped scrapers are used to push the soil on the mulch film into the depression.

[0014] This application also provides a sowing method using the above-mentioned mung bean precision sowing device, including the following steps: Before operation, calibrate the transmission ratios of the ridging and hole-forming mechanism, the mulching and hole-opening mechanism, and the sowing mechanism; attach the frame to the tractor, feed the organic fertilizer spreading mechanism with well-rotted organic fertilizer, feed the chemical fertilizer deep application mechanism with chemical fertilizer, and feed the sowing mechanism with mung bean seeds; install the mulch film tube material on the mulching and hole-opening mechanism. During operation, the tractor moves at a constant speed, the organic fertilizer spreading mechanism spreads the decomposed organic fertilizer evenly on the ground surface, and then the rotary tiller tills the soil to mix the decomposed organic fertilizer into the soil; the chemical fertilizer deep application mechanism applies the chemical fertilizer deeply and then covers it with soil; the ridging and planting mechanism creates ridges and presses depressions on the ridge surface; the mulching and hole-opening mechanism squeezes the mulch film into the depressions and fits it in place, and opens a planting hole after passing through the mulch film in the middle of the depression; the sowing mechanism puts 3±1 seeds into each hole, the seeds fall on the mulch film in the depression and roll down the slope into the planting hole; the soil covering mechanism takes soil from the furrow and covers the mulch film in the planting hole and the depression respectively, completing the sowing.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention achieves an integrated operational process through the coordinated operation of various mechanisms, encompassing surface application of organic fertilizer with rotary tillage and soil mixing, deep application and covering of chemical fertilizer, ridging and hole formation, precise hole opening for mulching, quantitative sowing, and directional soil covering. Specifically, the ridging and hole formation mechanism creates depressions on the ridges after ridging. These depressions not only provide a support surface for the mulch film but also, in conjunction with the mulching and hole opening mechanism and the sowing mechanism, ensure seed placement while minimizing the planting hole diameter, effectively suppressing weed germination. Simultaneously, the depressions, in conjunction with the mulch film, form rainwater collection surfaces, which collect and guide rainwater or dew to the planting holes, significantly improving the utilization efficiency of rainwater or dew.

[0016] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing embodiments of the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this application; Figure 2 This is a side view of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the implantation hole structure in this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the organic fertilizer application mechanism of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fertilizer deep application mechanism in this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the flow guide tube connection in this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the ridge-forming mechanism in this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the forming cylinder connection in this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the pressure cylinder in this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the extrusion opening assembly structure of this application; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the inlet tube connection in this application; Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the cylindrical shell of this application; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the soil covering mechanism structure of this application; The diagram shows the following components: Frame 1, Rotary Tiller 11, Ridge 12, Hole 13, Planting Hole 14, Mulch Film 15, Mung Bean Seeds 16, Furrow 17, Organic Fertilizer Spreading Mechanism 2, Hopper 21, Discharge Channel 22, Partition I 23, Limiting Frame 24, Flow Limiting Plate 25, Handle Bolt 26, Crushing Shaft 27, Pulley I 28, Pulley II 29, Belt I 210, Deep Fertilizer Application Mechanism 3, Fertilizer Box 31, Guide Pipe 32, Connecting Shaft 33. Belt pulley III 34, drive wheel 35, belt pulley IV 36, belt II 37, connecting column 38, furrowing plow 39, soil covering plate 310, outlet pipe 311, ridging and hole-forming mechanism 4, triangular plow 41, drive shaft I 42, shaping cylinder 43, shaping hemisphere 44, conical cylinder 45, drive wheel I 46, conical rod I 47, sprocket I 48, chain I 49, film covering and perforation mechanism 5, drive shaft II 51, film pressing cylinder 52, extrusion and perforation assembly 53 Limiting barrel 531, connecting cylinder 532, limiting ring plate 533, connecting ring plate 534, return spring 535, extrusion hemisphere 536, through hole 537, extrusion strip 538, perforation rod 539, wall-breaking cone 5310, drive wheel II 54, cone rod II 55, unwinding roller 56, pressing roller 57, covering plate 58, sprocket II 59, sprocket IV 510, chain II 511, sowing mechanism 6, seed storage bin 61, inlet pipe 62, columnar shell 63, spacer cylinder; 64, seed metering hole; 65, inclined groove; 66, seeding ring plate; 67, toothed ring; 68, gear; 69, drive shaft; 610, sprocket III; 611, seed outlet pipe; 612, outlet pipe section; 613, soil covering mechanism; 7, tripod; 71, plow head; 72, U-shaped guide plate; 73, conveyor belt; 74, pusher plate; 75, synchronous shaft; 76, pulley set; 77, discharge hopper; 78, diverter plate; 79, guide channel; 710, V-shaped scraper; 711. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] Example 1:

[0022] like Figures 1-3 As shown, this embodiment provides a precision seeding device for mung beans, comprising: The frame 1 has a rotary tiller 11 connected to its head. The rotary tiller 11 is equipped with an organic fertilizer spreading mechanism 2. The frame 1 is used to connect to the rear of the tractor. The rotary tiller 11 is driven by the tractor. The fertilizer deep application mechanism 3 is mounted on the frame 1 and is located behind the rotary tiller 11. The ridging and hole-forming mechanism 4 is located in the middle of the frame 1. The ridging and hole-forming mechanism 4 is used to form a depression 13 on the ridge 12 after ridging. The film covering and opening mechanism 5 is located in the middle of the frame 1. The film covering and opening mechanism 5 is used to squeeze and adhere the film 15 into the recess 13, and after passing through the film 15, to open the planting hole 14 in the middle position of the recess 13. The sowing mechanism 6 is located at the tail of the frame 1. The sowing mechanism 6 is used to put a certain amount of mung bean seeds 16 into the recess 13. The mung bean seeds 16 roll on the mulch film 15 in the recess 13 and then enter the planting hole 14. The soil covering mechanism 7 is mounted on the frame 1. The input end of the soil covering mechanism 7 is set corresponding to the film covering opening mechanism 5, and the output end of the soil covering mechanism 7 is located behind the sowing mechanism 6. The soil covering mechanism 7 is used to transport soil to the film 15 in the planting hole 14 and the pit 13.

[0023] Understandably, before operation, the transmission ratios of the ridging and hole-forming mechanism 4, the mulching and hole-opening mechanism 5, and the sowing mechanism 6 are calibrated to ensure that the position of the planting hole 14 opened by the mulching and hole-opening mechanism 5 coincides with the middle position of the depression 13 formed by the ridging and hole-forming mechanism 4 on the ridge 12, and that the spacing of the mung bean seeds 16 placed by the sowing mechanism 6 matches the spacing of the depression 13; then the frame 1 is attached to the tractor, and well-rotted organic fertilizer is put into the organic fertilizer spreading mechanism 2, chemical fertilizer is put into the chemical fertilizer deep application mechanism 3, and mung bean seeds 16 are put into the sowing mechanism 6; the plastic film 15 cylinder is installed on the mulching and hole-opening mechanism 5. During operation, the tractor moves at a constant speed, and the organic fertilizer spreading mechanism 2 evenly spreads the decomposed organic fertilizer on the ground surface. Then, the rotary tiller 11 tills the soil, mixing the decomposed organic fertilizer into the soil. Simultaneously, the chemical fertilizer deep application mechanism 3 applies chemical fertilizer into the deeper soil layers and completes the covering. Then, the ridging and pit-forming mechanism 4 rids the leveled field surface and presses out regularly arranged pits 13 on the surface of the ridges 12. The mulch film opening mechanism 5 then pulls the mulch film 15 to cover the surface of the ridges 12, pressing the mulch film 15 to adhere to the inner wall of the pits 13, and forming a hole by penetrating the mulch film 15 in the middle of the pit 13. Planting holes 14 of appropriate diameter; the sowing mechanism 6 then places 3±1 mung bean seeds 16 into the surface of the mulch film 15 in the pit 13 one by one. Under the action of acceleration, the mung bean seeds 16 roll along the slope of the pit 13 and enter the planting hole 14; the soil covering mechanism 7 takes soil from the furrow 17, and after being transported, lifted and diverted, it covers the surface of the mulch film 15 in the planting hole 14 and the pit 13 with soil, ensuring that the seeds are properly covered and the mulch film 15 is tightly attached to the ridge 12, and finally completes the efficient operation process integrating fertilization, ridging, mulching, precision sowing and soil covering.

[0024] In this technical solution, through the coordinated operation of various mechanisms, an integrated workflow is achieved, encompassing surface application of organic fertilizer with rotary tillage and soil mixing, deep application and covering of chemical fertilizer, ridging and hole formation, precise hole opening for mulching, quantitative sowing, and directional soil covering. Specifically, the ridging and hole formation mechanism 4 creates recesses 13 on the ridges 12. These recesses 13 not only provide a support surface for the mulch film 15 but also, in conjunction with the mulching hole opening mechanism 5 and the sowing mechanism 6, ensure seed placement while minimizing the diameter of the planting holes 14, effectively suppressing weed germination. Simultaneously, the recesses 13, in conjunction with the mulch film 15, form a rainwater collection surface, which collects and guides rainwater or dew to the planting holes 14, significantly improving the utilization efficiency of rainwater or dew.

[0025] It should be noted that the frame 1 is also equipped with a moving mechanism and a film cutting mechanism. Both the moving mechanism and the film cutting mechanism are controlled by a controller. The moving mechanism, the film cutting mechanism and the controller are powered by a mobile power supply or by the tractor. Mobile institutions include: Multiple support frames are arranged on both sides of the frame 1. A lifting frame is slidably connected inside the support frame. The lifting frame is driven by electric cylinder I, which is connected to the controller. The bottom of the lifting frame is connected to a U-shaped seat through a shock absorber. Rollers are rotatably connected inside the U-shaped seat.

[0026] Understandably, when the tractor turns in the field or moves on the road, the lifting frame, driven by electric cylinder I, lowers the rollers to contact the ground or road surface, lifting the fertilizer deep application mechanism 3, ridging and hole-forming mechanism 4, mulching and hole-opening mechanism 5, sowing mechanism 6, and soil-covering mechanism 7 off the ground as a whole. This prevents the components from contacting the ground and causing wear or damage when not in operation. Multiple rollers serve as the contact parts with the ground or road surface, supporting the frame 1 and each mechanism for movement. When entering the working area, the controller controls electric cylinder I to retract, causing the lifting frame to raise the rollers into the support frame, and the fertilizer deep application mechanism 3, ridging and hole-forming mechanism 4, mulching and hole-opening mechanism 5, and soil-covering mechanism 7 contact the sowing ground, ready for sowing.

[0027] The film cutting mechanism includes: A U-shaped connecting frame is located at the tail end of the frame 1. A U-shaped blade holder is slidably connected inside the U-shaped connecting frame. An electric cylinder II is installed on the U-shaped connecting frame. The electric cylinder II is connected to the U-shaped blade holder by transmission. The extension and retraction of the electric cylinder II is controlled by a controller. A toothed cutter is installed inside the U-shaped blade holder.

[0028] Understandably, when the sowing operation completes a certain distance or needs to be temporarily interrupted, the controller controls the electric cylinder II to extend, driving the U-shaped blade holder to move downward, so that the toothed cutter gradually approaches the mulch film 15 on the ridge 12 surface. The toothed cutter punctures and cuts the mulch film 15 to ensure that the mulch film 15 can be effectively cut and the cut surface is flat. Then the controller controls the electric cylinder II to retract, driving the U-shaped blade holder to slide upward and reset.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, the organic fertilizer application mechanism 2 includes: The hopper 21 is mounted on the frame 1. The bottom of the hopper 21 is provided with a discharge channel 22, which is located in front of the rotary tiller 11. Multiple partitions I 23 are arranged inside the hopper 21. The limiting frame 24 is provided with a through discharge channel 22. A flow limiting plate 25 is slidably connected inside the limiting frame 24. Multiple handle bolts 26 are threadedly connected to the limiting frame 24, and the ends of the handle bolts 26 abut against the flow limiting plate 25. The crushing shaft 27 is installed through the bottom of the hopper 21. Multiple crushing rods are provided on the crushing shaft 27. The crushing shaft 27 is connected to the pulley I 28. The rotary tiller 11 is connected to the shaft of the rotary tiller 11 and the pulley II 29 are connected by the belt I 210.

[0030] Understandably, before operation, well-rotted and finely crushed organic fertilizer is loaded into the hopper 21. Multiple baffles I 23 within the hopper 21 divide the fertilizer into sections, preventing unilateral accumulation due to vibrations during machine movement and ensuring uniform horizontal discharge from the bottom of the hopper 21. During operation, the pulley II 29 on the rotary tiller 11's shaft drives the pulley I 28 on the crushing shaft 27 via the belt I 210. The crushing shaft 27 drives multiple crushing rods to continuously rotate at the bottom of the hopper 21, breaking up and crushing clumps of organic fertilizer to prevent blockages and assist in material discharge. Under gravity, the organic fertilizer falls through the discharge channel 22 at the bottom of the hopper 21. The discharge channel 22's location in front of the rotary tiller 11 ensures the organic fertilizer is spread onto the ground surface in front of the rotary tiller blades. The rotary tiller 11 then mixes the surface soil and organic fertilizer, ensuring the organic fertilizer is evenly distributed within a 15cm-20cm tillage layer, completing the combined quantitative spreading and burial operation of the organic fertilizer. By adjusting the degree of blockage of the discharge channel 22 by the flow restrictor 25, the discharge speed of the decomposed organic fertilizer in the discharge channel 22 can be adjusted, thereby controlling the amount of organic fertilizer applied per unit time. The current position of the flow restrictor 25 within the limit frame 24 is fixed by the handle bolt 26 to prevent the flow restrictor 25 from shifting due to vibration during operation, which would affect the fertilization accuracy.

[0031] It should be noted that the hopper 21 is provided with a through hole, and the drive shaft of the rotary tiller 11 passes through the through hole. The drive shaft of the rotary tiller 11 is used for transmission connection with the tractor.

[0032] like Figures 5-6 As shown, the fertilizer deep application mechanism 3 includes: Multiple fertilizer boxes 31 are arranged on the top of the frame 1, and each fertilizer box 31 is connected to a guide pipe 32. A connecting shaft 33 is provided, which passes through the bottom of the fertilizer box 31. Multiple levers are provided on the connecting shaft 33, which are located inside the fertilizer box 31. Pulleys Ⅲ34 are connected to both ends of the connecting shaft 33. Two drive wheels 35 are fixedly connected to a drive shaft at the middle position. The two drive wheels 35 are rotatably connected to the bottom sides of the frame 1 through the drive shaft. The drive shaft is connected to a pulley IV 36. The pulley III 34 is connected to the pulley IV 36 through a belt II 37. Multiple connecting columns 38 are arranged and connected within the frame 1. The connecting columns 38 are set corresponding to the fertilizer box 31. A furrowing plow 39 is connected to the front end of the bottom of the connecting column 38, and a soil covering plate 310 is connected to the rear end of the bottom of the connecting column 38. An outlet pipe 311 is provided between the connecting column 38 and the soil covering plate 310, and a guide pipe 32 is inserted into the outlet pipe 311.

[0033] Understandably, during operation, the tractor pulls the frame 1 forward, and the two drive wheels 35 roll on the ground, driving the pulley IV 36 to rotate via the drive shaft. The pulley IV 36 drives the pulley III 34 via the belt II 37, which in turn drives the connecting shaft 33 to rotate. As the connecting shaft 33 rotates, multiple baffles on it synchronously agitate within the fertilizer box 31, evenly distributing the granular fertilizer to the bottom outlet. The fertilizer then falls through the guide pipe 32 into the outlet pipe 311. Simultaneously, the furrowing plow 39, located at the front end of the bottom of the connecting column 38, digs a fertilizer furrow in the soil as the machine moves forward, maintaining a furrow depth of 10cm to 15cm. The lower end of the outlet pipe 311 is located behind the furrowing plow 39 and in front of the covering plate 310, allowing fertilizer to fall into the fertilizer furrow through the outlet pipe 311. The covering plate 310 then pushes the soil turned over by the furrowing plow 39 back into the furrow, completing the deep application and covering of the fertilizer. The ground drive of the transmission wheel 35 enables adaptive synchronization between fertilizer discharge and travel speed. The faster the travel speed, the more fertilizer is discharged, ensuring uniform fertilizer application per unit area.

[0034] like Figures 7-8 As shown, the ridge-forming mechanism 4 includes: Two triangular plows 41 are connected to the two sides of the bottom end of the frame 1; Drive shaft I 42 is rotatably connected to frame 1. Drive shaft I 42 is connected to forming cylinder 43. Multiple forming hemispheres 44 are arranged on the outer wall of forming cylinder 43. Conical cylinders 45 are respectively provided at both ends of forming cylinder 43. Two drive wheels I46 are fixedly connected to both ends of drive shaft I42, and multiple tapered rods I47 are arranged on the outer wall of drive wheels I46.

[0035] Understandably, during operation, the frame 1 moves forward under the tractor's traction. Two triangular plows 41 first cut into the soil at the furrow 17, turning and gathering the soil towards the center to form the initial shape of the ridge 12. Simultaneously, the drive wheel I 46 rolls against the ground as the frame 1 moves forward, obtaining driving force through multiple conical rods I 47 arranged on its outer wall that insert into the soil, driving the drive shaft I 42 and the shaping cylinder 43 to rotate synchronously. During rotation, multiple shaping hemispheres 44 on the outer wall of the shaping cylinder 43 press sequentially into the top surface of the ridge 12, using the hemispherical contours of the shaping hemispheres 44 to compress and shape the soil on the ridge 12 surface, continuously pressing out bowl-shaped depressions 13 with regular openings and smooth inner walls on the ridge 12 surface. The conical cylinders 45 at both ends of the shaping cylinder 43 then trim the sides of the ridge 12 during rotation, making the ridge 12 shape more regular and compact. As the frame 1 continues to move forward, the drive wheel I 46 rotates continuously, driving the shaping cylinder 43 to roll. The shaping hemisphere 44 cyclically completes the continuous action of "pressing in - shaping - releasing", thereby forming a series of continuous pits 13 with uniform spacing and consistent depth on the surface of the ridge 12, providing a structural basis for subsequent mulching and precision sowing.

[0036] like Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, the membrane-covered perforation mechanism 5 includes: Drive shaft II 51 is rotatably connected to frame 1. Drive shaft I 42 is connected to pressure cylinder 52. Multiple extrusion opening components 53 are arranged on the peripheral wall of pressure cylinder 52, and the extrusion opening components 53 are set corresponding to the shaping hemisphere 44. Two drive wheels II54 are fixedly connected to both ends of drive shaft II51, and multiple tapered rods II55 are arranged on the outer wall of drive wheels II54; Unwinding roller 56 is connected inside frame 1 and is located in front of pressing cylinder 52; Two pressing rollers 57 are rotatably connected to the bottom sides of the frame 1, and the pressing rollers 57 are located behind the pressing cylinder 52; Two soil covering discs 58 are rotatably connected to the bottom sides of the frame 1, and the soil covering discs 58 are set corresponding to the pressing rollers 57.

[0037] Understandably, during operation, the plastic film 15 is loaded onto the unwinding roller 56, and after being drawn out from the unwinding roller 56, it is laid behind the frame 1. As the frame 1 moves forward, the drive wheels 254, fixed to both ends of the drive shaft 251, obtain driving force by inserting into the soil through the cone rod 255, driving the drive shaft 251 and the pressing cylinder 52 to rotate synchronously. The extrusion perforation components 53 arranged on the periphery of the pressing cylinder 52 correspond one-to-one with the recesses 13 on the ridge 12 surface formed by the shaping hemisphere 44 in the ridging and hole-forming mechanism 4. When the extrusion perforation components 53 rotate downward with the pressing cylinder 52, they are precisely embedded in the corresponding recesses 13, pressing the plastic film 15 against the inner wall of the recess 13, completing the adhesion between the film and the hole wall; at the same time, the perforation parts built into the extrusion perforation components 53 pierce outward from the inside of the plastic film 15, forming a planting hole 14 in the center of the recess 13. Subsequently, two pressing rollers 57 located behind the pressing cylinder 52 press the edges of the mulch film 15 into the soil, and the matching soil covering plate 58 then turns over the soil to cover and fix the edges of the mulch film 15, completing the mulching and hole-making operation. This mechanism, through constant speed transmission and structural correspondence, ensures the precise adhesion of the mulch film 15 within the recess 13 and achieves in-situ hole-making.

[0038] like Figures 7-9 As shown, sprockets I48 are connected to both ends of drive shaft I42, and sprockets II59 are connected to both ends of drive shaft II51. Sprockets II59 have the same specifications as sprockets I48, and sprockets I48 and sprockets II59 are connected by chain I49.

[0039] It is understood that sprocket I48 and drive wheel I46 are fixed to both ends of drive shaft I42, and sprocket II59 and drive wheel II54 are fixed to both ends of drive shaft II51. Sprocket I48 and sprocket II59 are of the same specification and are connected by chain I49. During operation, drive wheel I46 and drive wheel II54 are in contact with the ground and rotate as the vehicle moves forward. When drive wheel I46 and / or drive wheel II54 rotate, sprocket I48 and / or sprocket II59 at their respective shaft ends will rotate actively, driving sprocket I48 and sprocket II59 to rotate synchronously via chain I49, thereby forcing drive shaft I42 and drive shaft II51 to operate at the same speed and phase. Since sprockets I48 and II59 are of the same specification, the chain drive forms a 1:1 constant speed transmission. Regardless of slight slippage or uneven rotation speed of drive wheels I46 or II54 due to soil conditions, chain I49 ensures complete synchronization between the rotation of drive shafts I42 and II51. This ensures that the shaping hemisphere 44 of the shaping cylinder 43 on drive shaft I42 and the extrusion opening assembly 53 of the pressure film cylinder 52 on drive shaft II51 maintain a one-to-one phase relationship in the circumferential direction, ensuring precise matching of the "first forming the cavity, then covering and opening the membrane" action, fundamentally preventing membrane hole misalignment.

[0040] like Figure 10 As shown, the extrusion opening assembly 53 includes: The limiting barrel 531 is connected inside the pressure film cylinder 52; A connecting cylinder 532 is provided, which is through the pressure film cylinder 52. A limiting ring plate 533 is provided on the top of the outer wall of the connecting cylinder 532. The limiting ring plate 533 is slidably connected in the limiting barrel 531. The limiting ring plate 533 is used to abut against the inner wall of the pressure film cylinder 52. A connecting ring plate 534 is provided on the bottom of the inner wall of the connecting cylinder 532. A return spring 535 is connected between the connecting ring plate 534 and the limiting barrel 531. An extruded hemisphere 536 is connected to the bottom end of the connecting cylinder 532. A through hole 537 is provided in the middle of the extruded hemisphere 536. Multiple extrusion strips 538 are arranged on the outer wall of the extruded hemisphere 536. The top end of the perforating rod 539 is fixedly connected to the limiting barrel 531. After the extruded hemisphere 536 slides upward, the bottom of the perforating rod 539 passes through the through hole 537. The bottom end of the perforating rod 539 is provided with a wall-breaking cone 5310.

[0041] Understandably, during the rotation of the pressing cylinder 52, which drives the extrusion opening assembly 53 to move, the extrusion hemisphere 536 first contacts the mulch film 15 and presses it into the recess 13. At this time, the connecting cylinder 532 is in the lower position under the support of the return spring 535. The multiple extrusion strips 538 on the outer wall of the extrusion hemisphere 536 evenly spread the mulch film 15 and press it against the inner wall of the recess 13, making the mulch film 15 tightly adhere to the wall of the recess 13. As the pressing cylinder 52 continues to move forward, the extrusion hemisphere 536 stops moving after touching the bottom of the recess 13 due to soil resistance, and the pressing cylinder 52 continues to move downward relative to the extrusion hemisphere 536. At this time, the limiting ring plate 533 at the top of the connecting cylinder 532 slides upward along the limiting barrel 531, the return spring 535 is compressed, and the lower end of the opening rod 539 extends out of the through hole 537. The wall-breaking cone 5310 pierces the plastic film 15 at the bottom of the recess 13, creating a hole in the plastic film 15 to allow the perforating rod 539 to pass through it. The perforating rod 539 extends 2-3 cm into the soil beneath the plastic film 15, forming a planting hole 14. As the pressing cylinder 52 continues to rotate, the return spring 535 releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the connecting cylinder 532 and the extrusion hemisphere 536 back to their original positions. The perforating rod 539 retracts back above the through hole 537, and the assembly returns to its initial state, ready for the next pressing and perforation operation. Through the sequential action of "pressing and bonding the film first, then piercing the inside," the plastic film 15 is first tightly bonded to the inner wall of the recess 13 before the perforation is made from the inside out. By replacing the perforating rods 539 with different diameters, small-diameter planting holes 14 with a diameter of 1.5cm to 2.0cm can be formed, which solves the problems of excessively large membrane holes and misalignment of membrane holes caused by the traditional external punching method. At the same time, the shape of the mulch film 15 in the pit 13 remains intact, which is conducive to rainwater collection and weed suppression.

[0042] like Figure 7 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the seeding mechanism 6 includes: Multiple seed storage bins 61 are connected to the frame 1, and the bottom of the seed storage bins 61 are connected to the inlet pipes 62; Multiple cylindrical shells 63, with corresponding seed storage chambers 61 connected to the frame 1, are provided with spacer cylinders 64 inside the cylindrical shells 63. The spacer cylinders 64 divide the cylindrical shells 63 into temporary storage chambers and seed discharging chambers. The inlet pipe 62 passes through the temporary storage chamber. The bottom end of the spacer cylinder 64 is provided with a seed discharging hole 65, and the top end of the spacer cylinder 64 is provided with a sloping groove 66. Multiple seeding ring plates 67 are rotatably connected to the outer wall of the spacer cylinder 64. The inner wall of the seeding ring plate 67 is provided with several grooves, which are set to correspond to the seed discharge hole 65 and the inclined groove 66. The outer wall of the several grooves is provided with a toothed ring 68, and a gear 69 is provided in the seed discharge chamber, which meshes with the toothed ring 68. A drive shaft 610 is provided, which passes through multiple cylindrical housings 63. A gear 69 is connected to the drive shaft 610. A sprocket Ⅲ 611 is connected to the drive shaft 610. A drive shaft Ⅱ 51 is connected to a sprocket Ⅳ 510. The sprocket Ⅲ 611 and the sprocket Ⅳ 510 are connected by a chain Ⅱ 511. Multiple seed outlet tubes 612 are respectively connected to the outer wall of the columnar shell 63. The seed outlet tubes 612 are set with corresponding inclined grooves 66, and the end of the seed outlet tubes 612 is provided with an inclined outlet tube section 613.

[0043] Understandably, mung bean seeds 16 enter the temporary storage chamber within the cylindrical shell 63 from the seed storage bin 61 via the inlet pipe 62. Seeds at the bottom of the temporary storage chamber fall into the seed discharge hole 65 at the bottom of the spacer cylinder 64 under gravity. At this time, the sowing ring plate 67 rotates until the seed troughs align with the seed discharge hole 65, and seeds fall from the seed discharge hole 65 into the seed troughs. The volume of the seed troughs is designed according to the particle size of the mung bean seeds 16, holding only 3±1 seeds at a time to achieve quantitative seed dispensing. The drive shaft 610 rotates synchronously with the drive shaft 251's sprocket IV 510 via sprocket III 611 and chain II 511. The gear 69 on the drive shaft 610 drives the toothed ring 68 on the outer wall of the sowing ring plate 67, causing the sowing ring plate 67 to rotate around the outer wall of the spacer cylinder 64. The seed troughs containing a quantitative amount of seeds rotate upwards with the sowing ring plate 67, and the mung bean seeds 16 enter the seed discharge chamber from the temporary storage chamber. The seeding ring plate 67 is precisely fitted to the outer wall of the spacer cylinder 64, so that the seeds that are not carried away by the seed troughs remain in the temporary storage chamber, thus completing the quantitative separation.

[0044] When the seeding ring plate 67 rotates to the inclined groove 66 at the top of the spacer cylinder 64, the seeds in the seeding grooves slide out through the inclined groove 66 under the action of gravity and fall into the corresponding seed outlet tube 612. The seeds descend along the seed outlet tube 612, pass through the inclined guide tube section 613 at the end, and are thrown onto the mulch film 15 in the pit 13 at a predetermined angle and speed, rolling along the inclined surface of the mulch film 15 into the planting hole 14. The rotation of the seeding ring plate 67 is driven by the drive shaft II 51 via sprocket IV 510, chain II 511, sprocket III 611 and transmission shaft 610, and its rotation speed is strictly synchronized with the film pressing cylinder 52 and the shaping cylinder 43. Whenever a pit 13 in front completes the film pressing and hole opening operation, the seeding mechanism 6 precisely discharges the seeds from one seeding groove into the corresponding pit 13 behind, realizing precise hole-to-hole seeding. The seeding mechanism 6 adopts a purely mechanical ring plate seed picking and gravity seed metering method, which does not require complex seed metering devices such as air suction or finger clamps. It has a simple and reliable structure, and achieves quantitative seeding of 3±1 seeds per hole through several groove volume constraints. In conjunction with the mulch film 15 attached to the recess 13, it achieves the operation effect of "precise seed picking and accurate hole placement".

[0045] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 13As shown, the soil covering mechanism 7 includes: Two tripods 71 ​​are connected to both sides of the frame 1. The tripods 71 ​​are located behind the film covering and opening mechanism 5. The front end of the tripods 71 ​​is connected to the plow head 72, and the inclined surface of the tripods 71 ​​is connected to the U-shaped guide plate 73. Two conveyor belts 74 are inclinedly arranged on both sides of the frame 1. Partitions II are provided on both sides of the conveyor belts 74. Multiple push plates 75 are arranged on the surface of the conveyor belts 74. The input end of the conveyor belts 74 corresponds to the tail end of the U-shaped guide plate 73. Synchronous shaft 76 is rotatably connected to frame 1. Synchronous shaft 76 is connected to two conveyor belts 74 respectively. Synchronous shaft 76 is connected to the rotating shaft of rotary tiller 11 through pulley set 77. Two discharge hoppers 78 are mounted on both sides of the frame 1. The discharge hoppers 78 are located below the output end of the conveyor belt 74. Multiple diversion hoppers are formed in the discharge hoppers 78 through the diversion plate 79. The output port of the diversion hopper is connected to the guide channel 710. The output end of the guide channel 710 is located behind the seeding mechanism 6. Multiple V-shaped scrapers 711 are arranged at the rear of the frame 1. The V-shaped scrapers 711 are set at the output end of the guide channel 710. The V-shaped scrapers 711 are used to push the soil on the mulch film 15 into the pit 13.

[0046] Understandably, the rotary tiller 11's shaft transmits power to the synchronous shaft 76 via the pulley assembly 77, which drives the conveyor belts 74 on both sides to rotate. When the frame 1 moves, the plow head 72 at the front end of the tripod 71 inserts into the soil of the furrow 17. The plow head 72 is U-shaped to collect the soil, scoops it up, and pushes it upward along the slope of the tripod 71. The soil is collected by the U-shaped guide plate 73 and guided to the input end of the conveyor belt 74. The U-shaped guide plate 73 is equipped with a partition plate to divide the soil entering the U-shaped guide plate 73 into multiple portions.

[0047] The conveyor belt 74 is arranged at an angle, and multiple pusher plates 75 on the belt surface move upward with the conveyor belt 74, continuously lifting the soil collected at the tail end of the U-shaped guide plate 73. Partition plates II on both sides of the conveyor belt 74 prevent soil from spilling from the sides during lifting, ensuring that the soil is transported intact to the top of the frame 1. After being transported to the output end of the conveyor belt 74, the soil falls into the discharge hopper 78 below. Multiple diversion hoppers formed by diversion plates 79 within the discharge hopper 78 distribute the soil, and the soil output from each diversion hopper is discharged through the corresponding guide channel 710. The output end of the guide channel 710 is located behind the sowing mechanism 6, aligned with the position of the already sown pit 13.

[0048] Soil from the guide channel 710 falls vertically onto the plastic film 15. The V-shaped scrapers 711 at the rear of the frame 1 move forward with the traction, pushing the soil from the plastic film 15 towards the recess 13. During this process, the soil first slides into the planting hole 14 to cover the seeds. After the planting hole 14 is filled with soil, the remaining soil covers the surface of the plastic film 15 in the recess 13, compacting the film 15. This results in a double covering of soil in the planting hole 14 and soil compaction of the plastic film 15 within the recess. This soil covering mechanism 7 utilizes the synchronous power of the rotary tiller 11 to achieve fully mechanized continuous operation from soil extraction from the furrow 17, lifting and conveying, distribution, to the fixed-point pushing by the V-shaped scrapers 711, completing both the soil covering of the planting hole 14 and the soil compaction of the plastic film 15 within the recess 13 in one operation.

[0049] Example 2: This embodiment provides a sowing method using the mung bean precision sowing device described in Embodiment 1 above, including the following steps: Before operation, calibrate the transmission ratios of the ridging and hole-forming mechanism 4, the film-covering and perforation mechanism 5, and the sowing mechanism 6. The transmission ratio between the ridging and hole-forming mechanism 4 and the film-covering and perforation mechanism 5 is 1:1. The shaping hemispheres 44 of the ridging and hole-forming mechanism 4 and the extrusion perforation components 53 of the film-covering and perforation mechanism 5 are set in the same number and with the same spacing. The transmission ratio between the sowing mechanism 6 and the film-covering and perforation mechanism 5 is 1:n / m, where n is the total number of extrusion perforation components 53 of the film-covering and perforation mechanism 5, and m is the number of rows and columns of the extrusion perforation components 53. The frame 1 is attached to a tractor with a power output of 50 to 75 horsepower. It feeds well-rotted organic fertilizer into the organic fertilizer spreading mechanism 2, chemical fertilizer into the deep fertilizer application mechanism 3, and mung bean seeds 16 with a germination rate ≥90% into the sowing mechanism 6. A plastic film 15 is installed on the mulching perforation mechanism 5. The plastic film 15 has a thickness of 0.008 mm to 0.01 mm and a breaking elongation ≥200%. During operation, the tractor travels at a constant speed of 3km / h to 5km / h, and the organic fertilizer spreading mechanism 2 spreads the decomposed organic fertilizer evenly on the ground surface at a rate of 800kg / mu to 1200kg / mu. Then, the rotary tiller 11 performs rotary tillage at a depth of 15cm to 20cm to mix the decomposed organic fertilizer into the soil. After deep application of fertilizer by fertilizer deep application mechanism 3, the soil is covered. The fertilizer application rate of fertilizer deep application mechanism 3 is 25kg / mu to 35kg / mu, and the application depth is 10cm to 15cm. The ridge-forming mechanism 4 creates ridges 12 with a height of 12cm to 15cm, and presses depressions 13 on the surface of the ridges 12. The spacing between the depressions 13 is 20cm to 25cm, the diameter of the depression opening is 8cm to 10cm, and the depth of the center of the depression is 4cm to 6cm. The mulching and perforation mechanism 5 squeezes the mulch film 15 into the recess 13 and adheres it. After the mulch film 15 passes through the middle position in the recess 13, a planting hole 14 is opened. The diameter of the planting hole 14 is 1.5cm to 2cm and the depth of the planting hole 14 is 2cm to 3cm. The sowing mechanism 6 releases 3±1 seeds per hole. The seeds fall onto the inner film 15 of the concave hole 13 and roll into the planting hole 14 along the sloping surface. The soil covering mechanism 7 takes soil from the furrow 17 and covers the plastic film 15 in the planting hole 14 and the pit 13 respectively. The soil covering thickness on the plastic film 15 in the pit 13 is 1cm to 2cm, thus completing the sowing.

[0050] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A precision seeding device for mung beans, characterized in that, include: The frame has a rotary tiller attached to its front, and the rotary tiller is equipped with an organic fertilizer spreading mechanism. The frame is used to connect to the rear of the tractor, and the rotary tiller is driven by the tractor. The fertilizer deep application mechanism is mounted on the frame and is located at the rear of the rotary tiller; The ridging and pit-forming mechanism is located in the middle of the machine frame. It is used to form pits on the ridges after ridging. The film covering and hole opening mechanism is located in the middle of the frame. The film covering and hole opening mechanism is used to squeeze and adhere the film to the pit, and after passing through the film, open the planting hole in the middle position of the pit. The sowing mechanism, located at the rear of the frame, is used to release a fixed amount of mung bean seeds into the recessed holes. The mung bean seeds roll on the plastic film in the recessed holes and then enter the planting holes. The soil covering mechanism is mounted on the frame. The input end of the soil covering mechanism is set to correspond to the film covering hole opening mechanism, and the output end of the soil covering mechanism is located behind the sowing mechanism. The soil covering mechanism is used to transport soil to the film in the planting hole and the depression.

2. The mung bean precision sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Organic fertilizer application organizations include: The hopper is mounted on the machine frame. The bottom of the hopper has a discharge channel located in front of the rotary tiller. Multiple partitions are arranged inside the hopper. The limiting frame has a through discharge channel, and a flow limiting plate is slidably connected inside the limiting frame. The limiting frame is threaded with multiple handle bolts, and the ends of the handle bolts abut against the flow limiting plate. The crushing shaft runs through the bottom of the hopper and has multiple crushing rods. The crushing shaft is connected to pulley I, and pulley II is connected to the rotating shaft of the rotary tiller. Pulley I and pulley II are connected by belt I.

3. The mung bean precision sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Deep fertilizer application institutions include: Multiple fertilizer boxes are arranged on the top of the frame, and the fertilizer boxes are connected to guide pipes; A connecting shaft is installed through the bottom of the fertilizer box. Multiple levers are installed on the connecting shaft, which are located inside the fertilizer box. Pulleys III are connected to both ends of the connecting shaft. Two drive wheels are fixedly connected to a drive shaft at the middle position. The two drive wheels are rotatably connected to the bottom sides of the frame through the drive shaft. The drive shaft is connected to pulley IV, and pulley III is connected to pulley IV through belt II. Multiple connecting columns are arranged and connected inside the frame. The connecting columns are set corresponding to the fertilizer box. The bottom front end of the connecting column is connected to a furrowing plow, and the bottom rear end of the connecting column is connected to a soil covering plate. An outlet pipe is provided between the connecting column and the soil covering plate, and the guide pipe passes through the outlet pipe.

4. The mung bean precision sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ridge-forming and hole-forming mechanism includes: Two triangular plows are attached to the two sides of the bottom end of the frame; Drive shaft I is rotatably connected to the frame. Drive shaft I is connected to a forming cylinder. Multiple forming hemispheres are arranged on the outer wall of the forming cylinder. Conical cylinders are provided at both ends of the forming cylinder. Two drive wheels I are fixedly connected to both ends of drive shaft I, and multiple tapered rods I are arranged on the outer wall of drive wheels I.

5. The mung bean precision sowing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The membrane-covered opening mechanism includes: Drive shaft II is rotatably connected to the frame. Drive shaft I is connected to a pressure cylinder. Multiple extrusion opening components are arranged on the peripheral wall of the pressure cylinder, and the extrusion opening components are set corresponding to the shaping hemisphere. Two drive wheels II are fixedly connected to both ends of drive shaft II, and multiple tapered rods II are arranged on the outer wall of drive wheels II; The unwinding roller is connected inside the frame and is located in front of the pressing cylinder; Two pressing rollers are rotatably connected to the bottom two sides of the frame, and the pressing rollers are located behind the pressing cylinder; Two soil covering discs are rotatably connected to the two sides of the bottom end of the frame, and the soil covering discs are set corresponding to the pressing rollers.

6. The mung bean precision sowing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Sprockets I are connected to both ends of drive shaft I, and sprockets II are connected to both ends of drive shaft II. Sprockets II are the same size as sprockets I, and sprockets I and sprockets II are connected by chain I.

7. The mung bean precision sowing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The extrusion opening assembly includes: The limiting barrel is connected inside the pressure film cylinder; A connecting cylinder is provided, which is connected through the pressure film cylinder. A limiting ring plate is provided at the top of the outer wall of the connecting cylinder. The limiting ring plate is slidably connected inside the limiting barrel. The limiting ring plate is used to abut against the inner wall of the pressure film cylinder. A connecting ring plate is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the connecting cylinder. A return spring is connected between the connecting ring plate and the limiting barrel. An extruded hemisphere is connected to the bottom of the connecting cylinder. A through hole is provided in the middle of the extruded hemisphere, and multiple extrusion strips are arranged on the outer wall of the extruded hemisphere. The top of the perforated rod is fixedly connected to the limiting barrel. After the squeezed hemisphere slides upward, the bottom of the perforated rod passes through the through hole, and the bottom end of the perforated rod is provided with a wall-breaking cone.

8. The mung bean precision sowing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The seeding mechanism includes: Multiple seed storage bins are connected to the frame, and the bottom of each seed storage bin is connected to an inlet pipe; Multiple cylindrical shells, with corresponding seed storage compartments connected to the frame, are provided with partition cylinders inside the cylindrical shells. The partition cylinders divide the cylindrical shells into temporary storage chambers and seed discharging chambers. An inlet pipe is provided through the temporary storage chamber. A seed discharging hole is provided through the bottom end of the partition cylinder, and a sloping groove is provided at the top end of the partition cylinder. Multiple seeding ring plates are rotatably connected to the outer wall of the spacer cylinder. The inner wall of the seeding ring plate is provided with several grooves, which are set to correspond to the seed discharge hole and the inclined groove. The outer wall of the groove is provided with a toothed ring, and a gear is provided in the seed discharge chamber, which meshes with the toothed ring. The drive shaft is arranged through multiple cylindrical housings. Gears are connected to the drive shaft. The drive shaft is connected to sprocket III. The drive shaft II is connected to sprocket IV. Sprocket III and sprocket IV are connected by chain II. Multiple seed outlet tubes are connected to the outer wall of the columnar shell. The seed outlet tubes are set with corresponding inclined grooves, and the ends of the seed outlet tubes are provided with inclined outlet tube sections.

9. The mung bean precision sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Covering mechanisms include: Two tripods are connected to both sides of the frame. The tripods are located behind the film-covering and perforating mechanism. A plow is connected to the front end of the tripods, and a U-shaped guide plate is connected to the inclined surface of the tripods. Two conveyor belts are inclinedly arranged on both sides of the frame. Partitions II are provided on both sides of the conveyor belts. Multiple push plates are arranged on the surface of the conveyor belts. The input end of the conveyor belt is set at the tail end of the U-shaped guide plate. Synchronous shaft is rotatably connected to the frame. The synchronous shaft is connected to two conveyor belts respectively. The synchronous shaft is connected to the rotating shaft of the rotary tiller through a pulley set. Two discharge hoppers are mounted on both sides of the frame. The discharge hoppers are located below the output end of the conveyor belt. Multiple diversion hoppers are formed inside the discharge hoppers by diversion plates. The output ports of the diversion hoppers are connected to the guide channel. The output end of the guide channel is located behind the seeding mechanism. Multiple V-shaped scrapers are arranged at the rear of the frame, with the V-shaped scrapers corresponding to the output end of the guide channel. The V-shaped scrapers are used to push the soil on the mulch film into the depression.

10. A method for sowing mung beans using the precision sowing device as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Before operation, calibrate the transmission ratios of the ridging and hole-forming mechanism, the mulching and hole-opening mechanism, and the sowing mechanism; attach the frame to the tractor, feed the organic fertilizer spreading mechanism with well-rotted organic fertilizer, feed the chemical fertilizer deep application mechanism with chemical fertilizer, and feed the sowing mechanism with mung bean seeds; install the mulch film tube material on the mulching and hole-opening mechanism. During operation, the tractor moves at a constant speed, the organic fertilizer spreading mechanism spreads the decomposed organic fertilizer evenly on the ground surface, and then the rotary tiller tills the soil to mix the decomposed organic fertilizer into the soil; the chemical fertilizer deep application mechanism applies the chemical fertilizer deeply and then covers it with soil; the ridging and planting mechanism creates ridges and presses depressions on the ridge surface; the mulching and hole-opening mechanism squeezes the mulch film into the depressions and fits it in place, and opens a planting hole after passing through the mulch film in the middle of the depression; the sowing mechanism puts 3±1 seeds into each hole, the seeds fall on the mulch film in the depression and roll down the slope into the planting hole; the soil covering mechanism takes soil from the furrow and covers the mulch film in the planting hole and the depression respectively, completing the sowing.

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