Efficient intelligent corn seed directional seeding device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of directional sowing technology, and more particularly to a high-efficiency intelligent directional sowing device for corn seeds, comprising a frame, a feeding box and a seed metering pipe mounted on the frame; a shell assembly consisting of a front shell and a rear shell that interlock; a seed metering assembly including a motor fixed to the rear shell, a drive shaft driven by the motor, and a seed metering disc fixed to the drive shaft and having adsorption holes; and a negative pressure assembly including a negative pressure pump and a sealed shell. This invention uses a straightening plate that moves towards the corn seeds adsorbed on the surface of the seed metering disc, creating a slight pressing effect on the corn seeds. This helps the corn seeds adjust and maintain their downward-facing adsorption posture, promoting consistent sowing direction, achieving full seedling emergence in the first stage, eliminating uneven seedling size, improving field ventilation and light penetration, and promoting uniform growth. Especially in the seed production field, it can promote uniform tasseling, reduce the number of tasseling cycles, ensure tasseling quality, ensure sufficient pollination, and improve seed purity and yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of directional downward sowing technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency intelligent directional sowing device for corn seeds. Background Technology

[0002] As an important food crop, feed crop, and industrial raw material in my country, the sowing quality of maize directly affects its emergence rate, growth uniformity, and final yield. Maize seeds are flattened conical in shape, with a distinct embryonic surface and a pointed radicle. Sowing with the radicle pointing downwards facilitates rapid root penetration into the soil, reducing emergence resistance and thus improving germination rate, uniformity of emergence, and seedling resistance. Therefore, achieving directional, downward-facing precision sowing of maize seeds has become an important research direction in the field of modern agricultural equipment. Existing precision seed metering technologies for maize are mainly divided into two categories: mechanical and pneumatic. Mechanical seed metering devices use orifices or spoon wheels to pick up seeds. They have a simple structure but are prone to damaging seeds and have poor adaptability. Pneumatic seed metering devices use the principle of negative pressure adsorption to pick up individual seeds. They have advantages such as low seed damage rate and less stringent requirements on seed size, and have become the mainstream technology.

[0003] However, traditional pneumatic corn planters mostly plant randomly, which cannot achieve directional planting with the corn seed tips pointing downwards. This results in chaotic seed posture after planting, with some seeds having their tips pointing upwards or sideways, leading to uneven emergence, seedlings of different sizes, poor ventilation and light penetration, and inconsistent growth. In particular, in the field of corn seed production, this causes problems such as increased emasculation times, poor emasculation quality, and low seed purity and yield.

[0004] In view of this, we have studied and improved the existing problems to provide a high-efficiency and intelligent corn seed directional sowing device, aiming to solve the problems and improve its practical value through this technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and propose a highly efficient and intelligent directional corn seed sowing device.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a high-efficiency intelligent corn seed directional sowing device, comprising a frame, a feeding box and a seed discharge pipe mounted on the frame; The housing assembly consists of a front housing and a rear housing that interlock with each other. The seed metering assembly includes a motor fixed to the rear housing, a drive shaft driven by the motor, and a seed metering disc fixed to the drive shaft and having suction holes. The negative pressure assembly includes a negative pressure pump and a closed shell. The closed shell is placed outside a portion of the seed metering tray and fixed inside the rear shell to generate negative pressure in the adsorption holes to adsorb corn seeds. The directional channel includes a first channel fixed inside the front housing. The entrance of the first channel corresponds to the seed unloading position of the seed metering tray. A rotatable disc is provided below its outlet. The disc is covered with a circular shell. A second channel is connected to the bottom of the circular shell. The disc is driven by a transmission shaft through a transmission assembly to rotate the seeds 180 degrees and send them into the second channel. The straightening assembly includes a rotating shaft, a collar, a sliding rod, and a straightening plate. The rotating shaft is driven by a transmission shaft through a gear set. The collar is sleeved on the rotating shaft and drives the sliding rod to reciprocate. The straightening plate is fixed to the end of the sliding rod and close to the surface of the seed metering tray to adjust the adsorption posture of the seeds. A screening component, located inside the front housing, is used to screen out damaged seeds; An airflow assist component is disposed at the outlet end of the second channel.

[0007] Preferably, the cross-sections of the first channel and the second channel are both rectangular, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel is larger than that of the corn seed, while the cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel matches the width of the corn seed.

[0008] Preferably, the straightening assembly further includes a slot, a piston rod, a limiting sleeve, a sleeve, and a spring A. The slot is formed inside the rotating shaft. The piston rod is fixed to the outer wall of the collar and slidably disposed within the slot. The limiting sleeve is fixed to the rear housing and used to guide the movement of the collar. The inner wall of the collar is threadedly connected to the rotating shaft. The sliding rod is slidably disposed within the sleeve. The spring A is sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding rod. The rotating shaft is provided with a first bidirectional threaded section, and the collar is threadedly connected to the first bidirectional threaded section.

[0009] Preferably, the screening assembly includes a screening frame, a screening plate, magnetic block A, magnetic block B, a push rod, and a collection box. The screening frame is located below the seed outlet of the seed discharge pipe. The screening plate is fixed inside the screening frame. Magnetic block A is sleeved on the rotating shaft and driven by it. Magnetic block B is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft and magnetically engages with magnetic block A. The push rod is fixed to the side wall of magnetic block B and is used to drive the screening plate to swing to screen out broken seeds. The collection box is fixed below the front housing. An arc-shaped groove is provided on the side of the screening frame, and the screening plate is slidably disposed in the arc-shaped groove. A cleaning assembly is provided inside the screening frame.

[0010] Preferably, the cleaning assembly includes a spray pipe, a pressure plate, a spring B, and a stacked airbag. The stacked airbag is located on the movement path of the magnetic block A and is connected to the spray pipe through a connecting pipe. The spray end of the spray pipe faces the adsorption hole of the seeding disc, and the pressure plate is located inside the spray pipe through the spring B.

[0011] Preferably, the surface of the disc is provided with multiple grooves for accommodating seeds, and the disc is connected to the drive shaft via a gear set to achieve synchronous rotation with the seed metering disc.

[0012] Preferably, the adsorption holes on the surface of the seed metering disc are evenly distributed, and the grooves on the surface of the disc are corresponding one-to-one with the adsorption holes on the surface of the seed metering disc.

[0013] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a first pulley, a second pulley, and a synchronous belt. The first pulley is fixed to the transmission shaft, the second pulley is fixed to the transmission rod, and the synchronous belt is tensioned between the first pulley and the second pulley. The synchronous belt is a circular arc tooth synchronous belt, and the first and second synchronous pulleys are matched with circular arc tooth pulleys. The ratio of the rotational speed of the disc to the rotational speed of the seed metering disc is 1:1.

[0014] Preferably, the adsorption holes on the seed metering disc are evenly arranged in multiple sets along its circumference, and the pore diameter of each set of adsorption holes is a micropore of 0.5 to 1.5 mm.

[0015] Preferably, the airflow assist component includes a laser sensor, an air delivery pipe, and a compressor chamber. The laser sensor is located at the outlet of the second channel. The air delivery pipe connects the output end of the negative pressure pump to the compressor chamber. The nozzle of the compressor chamber faces downwards from the outlet of the second channel. The laser sensor is electrically connected to a second solenoid valve on the air delivery pipe, used to control the compressor chamber to eject a pulsed airflow when a seed is detected falling. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention uses a straightening plate to push seeds with misaligned postures, causing non-flat surface adsorption corn seeds to deflect and pass through the gap between the straightening plate and the seed metering tray. This initially adjusts the adsorption posture of the corn seeds, bringing them closer to the flat surface. At the same time, the straightening plate moves closer to the corn seeds adsorbed on the seed metering tray surface, creating a slight pressing effect on the corn seeds. This helps the corn seeds adjust and maintain a better flat surface adsorption posture, effectively solving the problem of messy corn seed adsorption posture in the prior art and ensuring the consistency of the sown corn seeds with the tips facing down.

[0016] 2. This invention allows corn seeds to slide down the first channel in a flattened state. Because the weight of the radicle end of the corn seed is less than that of the embryo end, the seeds automatically flip upwards during their descent, landing precisely in the grooves on the surface of the disc. Simultaneously, the drive shaft rotates the disc, and as the disc rotates, the corn seeds in the grooves also flip, adjusting to a downward-facing orientation. Furthermore, because the cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel roughly matches the width of the corn seed, it effectively limits the seed's orientation, ensuring that the seeds slide down the second channel in a standard orientation with the embryo facing upwards and the radicle downwards. This achieves directional sowing with the radicle facing downwards, avoiding problems such as uneven emergence, seedling size discrepancies, and inconsistent growth caused by the chaotic orientation of corn seeds in traditional disordered sowing.

[0017] 3. This invention utilizes the collision between the screening plate and the inner wall of the screening frame. The resulting vibration acts on the corn seeds on the right side of the screening frame, causing damaged corn kernels that were not originally screened to move from the right side of the screening frame to the left side through the gaps in the screening plate under the action of vibration. Finally, they fall into the collection box at the bottom of the screening frame, achieving comprehensive screening of damaged seeds and effectively improving sowing quality and the survival rate of corn seedlings. In addition, the impact force of the air cannon is used to precisely clean the adsorption holes on the surface of the seed metering tray, preventing mud, seed coats and other debris from clogging the adsorption holes and ensuring the stability of the negative pressure adsorption effect. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is one of the partial structural schematic diagrams of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention (third one). Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram of section A; Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the front housing portion of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the transmission shaft portion of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the screening component of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the front housing structure of the present invention; Figure 11The fourth part is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0019] Legend: 1. Frame; 2. Feeding box; 3. Seed metering pipe; 41. Front shell; 42. Rear shell; 43. Motor; 44. Drive shaft; 45. Seed metering disc; 46. First channel; 47. Circular shell; 48. Circular disc; 49. Second channel; 410. Negative pressure pump; 411. Enclosed shell; 412. Drive rod; 51. Rotating shaft; 52. Collar; 53. Empty groove; 54. Piston rod; 55. Limit 56. Position cylinder; 57. Sleeve; 58. Slide rod; 59. Straightening plate; 60. Spring A; 61. Screening frame; 62. Arc groove; 63. Screening plate; 64. Magnetic block A; 65. Magnetic block B; 66. Push rod; 67. Collection box; 71. Injection pipe; 72. Pressure plate; 73. Spring B; 74. Stacked airbag; 75. Connecting pipe; 8. Laser sensor; 9. Gas delivery pipe; 10. Compressed air chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] See Figures 1 to 11 As shown, the present invention provides a high-efficiency intelligent corn seed directional sowing device, including a frame 1, a feeding box 2 and a seed discharge pipe 3 disposed on the frame 1; The housing assembly consists of a front housing 41 and a rear housing 42 that interlock with each other. The seed metering assembly includes a motor 43 fixed to the rear housing 42, a transmission shaft 44 driven by the motor 43, and a seed metering disc 45 fixed to the transmission shaft 44 and having suction holes. The negative pressure assembly includes a negative pressure pump 410 and a closed shell 411. The closed shell 411 covers part of the seed metering tray 45 and is fixed inside the rear shell 42, and is used to generate negative pressure in the adsorption holes to adsorb corn seeds. The directional channel includes a first channel 46 fixed inside the front housing 41. The inlet of the first channel 46 corresponds to the seed unloading position of the seed metering tray 45. A rotatable disc 48 is provided below its outlet. A circular shell 47 is provided on the outside of the disc 48. A second channel 49 is connected to the bottom of the circular shell 47. The disc 48 is driven by the drive shaft 44 through the transmission assembly to rotate the seeds 180 degrees and send them into the second channel 49. It should be noted that, for reference Figures 1 to 6 As shown, when corn seed sowing is required, the equipment is first connected and fixed to the tractor to complete the field operation preparation. Then, the corn seeds are poured into the feeding box 2. The feeding is precisely controlled by the first solenoid valve, so that the corn seeds fall intermittently through the seed discharging pipe 3 into the screening frame 61 inside the front shell 41. At the same time, the motor 43 and the negative pressure pump 410 of the equipment are started. Under the action of the negative pressure pump 410, a stable negative pressure is formed in part of the seed discharging plate 45 covered by the closed shell 411, so that the corn seeds falling near the seed discharging plate 45 are firmly adsorbed on the adsorption holes on the surface of the seed discharging plate 45. Simultaneously, the output end of the motor 43 drives the transmission shaft 4 4. The drive shaft 44 further drives the seed dispensing disc 45, on which corn seeds are adsorbed, to rotate synchronously, conveying the adsorbed corn seeds to the seed unloading position. When the corn seeds rotate with the seed dispensing disc 45 to a certain position above the entrance of the first channel 46, they are released from the negative pressure area formed by the closed shell 411. The corn seeds, having lost their adsorption force, slide down the inside of the first channel 46. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel 46 is larger than that of the corn seeds, the corn seeds can slide down the channel in a flat state. Furthermore, since the gravity of the corn seed's radicle end is less than that of the blunt end, under the action of gravity, the corn seeds will automatically flip into a top-facing shape during the fall and fall precisely into the groove on the surface of the disc 48. At the same time, under the transmission action of the transmission component, the transmission shaft 44 drives the disc 48 to rotate synchronously. When the disc 48 rotates 180 degrees, the corn seeds in the groove also complete a 180-degree flip, achieving a downward-pointing posture adjustment. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel 49 is roughly matched with the width of the corn seed, it can effectively limit the posture of the corn seed, allowing the corn seed to slide down the second channel 49 in a standard posture with the embryo surface facing up and the tip facing down. This achieves directional sowing of the corn seed with the tip facing down, avoiding problems such as uneven emergence, seedling size, poor ventilation and light penetration, and inconsistent growth caused by the chaotic posture of corn seeds in traditional disordered sowing. Especially in the field of corn seed production, it can promote uniform tasseling, reduce the number of tasseling times, ensure the quality of tasseling, ensure sufficient pollination, and improve seed purity and yield.

[0022] Furthermore, when the corn seeds pass through the outlet of the second channel 49, the laser sensor 8 located there will monitor the signal of the seeds passing through in real time and quickly transmit the signal to the second solenoid valve on the outer wall of the air supply pipe 9, controlling the second solenoid valve to open intermittently. Since the corn seeds fall intermittently, the opening of the second solenoid valve is also intermittent, so that the airflow delivered from the output end of the negative pressure pump 410 to the air chamber 10 through the air supply pipe 9 forms an intermittent pulse airflow. At the moment when the corn seeds are discharged from the outlet of the second channel 49, the air chamber 10 simultaneously sprays out a vertically downward pulse airflow, forming a downward auxiliary thrust on the falling corn seeds, ensuring that the corn seeds can fall into the soil quickly and steadily with their tips facing down. This further enhances the posture stability of the corn seeds during the falling process, preventing them from shifting, getting stuck or rolling due to air resistance, collisions or other factors during the falling process, ensuring the consistency of the orientation effect and reducing the impact of external factors on the sowing quality.

[0023] The straightening assembly includes a rotating shaft 51, a collar 52, a sliding rod 57, and a straightening plate 58. The rotating shaft 51 is driven by a transmission shaft 44 through a gear set. The collar 52 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 51 and drives the sliding rod 57 to reciprocate. The straightening plate 58 is fixed to the end of the sliding rod 57 and close to the surface of the seed metering tray 45, and is used to adjust the adsorption posture of the seeds. It should be noted that, for reference Figures 2 to 8As shown, since both the first channel 46 and the second channel 49 of the device have rectangular cross-sections, the corn seeds must slide down in a flat, contact position. When the motor 43 drives the drive shaft 44 to rotate, the drive shaft 44 will synchronously drive the seed metering disc 45 to rotate. When the corn seeds adsorbed on the surface of the seed metering disc 45 pass over the arc surface of the straightening plate 58, the straightening plate 58 will exert a pushing force on the seeds with misaligned postures, causing the non-flat adsorbed corn seeds to deflect and pass through the gap between the straightening plate 58 and the seed metering disc 45, thereby initially adjusting the adsorption posture of the corn seeds and bringing them closer to the flat, contact position. At the same time, during the rotation of the drive shaft 44, the drive shaft 44 will drive the rotating shaft 51 to rotate synchronously through the gear set. Since the collar 52 is sleeved on the first bidirectional threaded surface at the top of the rotating shaft 51 and the collar 52 is threadedly connected to the rotating shaft 51, when the rotating shaft 51 rotates, it will drive the collar 52 to reciprocate along the vertical direction of the limiting cylinder 55. The collar 52 drives the piston rod 54, which is fixed to its outer wall, to move synchronously back and forth along the slot 53 inside the rotating shaft 51. During the movement, the piston rod 54 squeezes the slide rod 57, causing the slide rod 57 to slide along the axis of the sleeve 56. Then, the slide rod 57 drives the straightening plate 58 at the end to move towards the corn seeds adsorbed on the surface of the seed metering tray 45, forming a slight pressing effect on the corn seeds. This helps the corn seeds adjust and maintain a good flat surface adsorption posture, effectively solving the problem of messy corn seed adsorption posture in the prior art. Through the arc thrust of the straightening plate 58, seeds that are not adsorbed on a flat surface can be forcibly deflected and adjusted, ensuring that all corn seeds passing through the straightening component can be transported in a flat surface adhering to the seed metering tray 45. This avoids the inability to pass smoothly through the first channel 46 and the second channel 49 of the rectangular cross section due to incorrect posture, or jamming or posture deviation in the channel, thus ensuring the smoothness of the entire sowing process.

[0024] A screening component, located inside the front housing 41, is used to screen out damaged seeds. An airflow assist component is located at the outlet end of the second channel 49.

[0025] In an optional embodiment, both the first channel 46 and the second channel 49 have rectangular cross-sections, with the cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel 46 being larger than that of the corn seed and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel 49 matching the width of the corn seed.

[0026] In an optional embodiment, the straightening assembly further includes a slot 53, a piston rod 54, a limiting sleeve 55, a sleeve 56, and a spring A59. The slot 53 is formed inside the rotating shaft 51. The piston rod 54 is fixed to the outer wall of the collar 52 and slidably disposed in the slot 53. The limiting sleeve 55 is fixed to the rear housing 42 and is used to guide the movement of the collar 52. The inner wall of the collar 52 is threadedly connected to the rotating shaft 51. The slide rod 57 is slidably disposed in the sleeve 56. The spring A59 is sleeved on the outer wall of the slide rod 57. The rotating shaft 51 is provided with a first bidirectional threaded section, and the collar 52 is threadedly connected to the first bidirectional threaded section.

[0027] In an optional embodiment, the screening assembly includes a screening frame 61, a screening plate 63, magnetic blocks A64 and B65, a push rod 66, and a collection box 67. The screening frame 61 is located below the outlet of the seed discharge pipe 3. The screening plate 63 is fixedly connected to the screening frame 61. Magnetic blocks A64 are sleeved on the rotating shaft 51 and driven by it. Magnetic blocks B65 are sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 51 and magnetically engage with magnetic blocks A64. The push rod 66 is fixedly connected to the side wall of magnetic blocks B65 and is used to drive the screening plate 63 to swing to screen out broken seeds. The collection box 67 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the front housing 41. An arc-shaped groove 62 is provided on the side of the screening frame 61, and the screening plate 63 is slidably disposed in the arc-shaped groove 62. A cleaning assembly is provided inside the screening frame 61.

[0028] In an optional embodiment, the cleaning assembly includes a spray pipe 71, a pressure plate 72, a spring B73, and a stacked airbag 74. The stacked airbag 74 is located on the movement path of the magnetic block A64 and is connected to the spray pipe 71 through a connecting pipe 75. The spray end of the spray pipe 71 faces the adsorption hole of the seeding disc 45, and the pressure plate 72 is disposed inside the spray pipe 71 through the spring B73.

[0029] It should be noted that, for reference Figures 9 to 11As shown, since magnetic block A64 is sleeved on the second bidirectional thread at the bottom of rotating shaft 51, when the equipment is running, the transmission shaft 44 drives rotating shaft 51 to rotate through the gear set. Under the limiting action of the limiting rod, magnetic block A64 will not rotate synchronously with rotating shaft 51, but will move upward along the axial direction of rotating shaft 51. Since magnetic block A64 and magnetic block B65 are magnetically attracted, magnetic block A64 will drive magnetic block B65 to move upward synchronously during its upward movement. Simultaneously, magnetic block B65 will drive the push rod 66 fixed to its side wall to move together. The push rod 66 will then push the screening plate 63 to rotate a certain angle inside the arc groove 62 opened on the side of the screening frame 61. At this time, some broken and shriveled seeds in the corn seeds entering the screening frame 61 will gradually fall to the left side of the screening frame 61 through the gap of the screening plate 63 and roll into the collection box 6 along the bottom of the screening frame 61. Within 7, preliminary screening is completed; when magnetic block B65 moves to a certain position, it will be limited by the top of the chute and cannot move further upward. At this time, magnetic block A64 continues to move upward, causing magnetic block A64 and magnetic block B65 to separate from each other. Magnetic block A64, which loses its adsorption force, moves downward under its own gravity. At the same time, the screening plate 63 loses the pushing force of the push rod 66 and slides to the left side of the screening frame 61 until the screening plate 63 collides with the inner wall of the screening frame 61. The vibration force generated by the collision will act on the corn seeds on the right side of the screening frame 61, causing the damaged corn kernels that were not screened to pass through the gap of the screening plate 63 under the action of vibration and move from the right side of the screening frame 61 to the left side. Finally, they fall into the collection box 67 along the bottom of the screening frame 61, realizing the complete removal of damaged seeds and effectively improving the sowing quality and the survival rate of corn seedlings. Furthermore, as the magnetic block A64 moves upward, it compresses the stacked airbag 74 located along its path. After being compressed, the gas inside the stacked airbag 74 is transported to the inside of the injection pipe 71 through the connecting pipe 75, replenishing the injection pipe 71 with gas. Since the injection end of the injection pipe 71 is located on one side of the closed shell 411 and corresponds to the position of the adsorption hole on the surface of the seed metering tray 45, whenever the adsorption hole on the surface of the seed metering tray 45 rotates to the injection port of the injection pipe 71, under the reaction force of the spring B73, the spring B73 pushes the pressure plate 72 to compress the gas inside the injection pipe 71, causing the gas to be ejected from the injection pipe 71 to form an air cannon. The impact force of the air cannon is used to precisely clean the adsorption hole on the surface of the seed metering tray 45, preventing mud, seed coat and other debris from clogging the adsorption hole and ensuring the stability of the negative pressure adsorption effect.

[0030] In an optional embodiment, the surface of the disc 48 is provided with a plurality of grooves for holding seeds, and the disc 48 is connected to the drive shaft 44 via a gear set to achieve synchronous rotation with the seed metering disc 45.

[0031] In an optional embodiment, the adsorption holes on the surface of the seed metering disc 45 are evenly distributed, and the grooves on the surface of the disc 48 correspond one-to-one with the adsorption holes on the surface of the seed metering disc 45.

[0032] In an optional embodiment, the transmission assembly includes a first pulley, a second pulley, and a synchronous belt. The first pulley is fixed to the transmission shaft 44, the second pulley is fixed to the transmission rod 412, and the synchronous belt is tensioned between the first pulley and the second pulley. The synchronous belt is a circular arc tooth synchronous belt, and the first and second synchronous pulleys are matched with circular arc tooth pulleys. The ratio of the rotational speed of the disc 48 to the rotational speed of the seed metering disc 45 is 1:1.

[0033] In an optional embodiment, the adsorption holes on the seed metering disc 45 are uniformly arranged in multiple sets along its circumference, and the pore diameter of each set of adsorption holes is a micropore of 0.5 to 1.5 mm.

[0034] In an optional embodiment, the airflow assist component includes a laser sensor 8, an air delivery pipe 9, and a compressor chamber 10. The laser sensor 8 is located at the outlet of the second channel 49. The air delivery pipe 9 connects the output end of the negative pressure pump 410 to the compressor chamber 10. The nozzle of the compressor chamber 10 faces downwards from the outlet of the second channel 49. The laser sensor 8 is electrically connected to a second solenoid valve on the air delivery pipe 9 to control the compressor chamber 10 to eject a pulsed airflow when a seed is detected falling. Working Principle: When corn seed sowing is required, the equipment is first connected and fixed to the tractor to complete the field operation preparation. Then, the corn seeds are poured into the feeding box 2. The feeding is precisely controlled by the first solenoid valve, causing the corn seeds to fall intermittently through the seed dispensing pipe 3 into the screening frame 61 inside the front shell 41. At the same time, the motor 43 and the negative pressure pump 410 of the equipment are started. Under the action of the negative pressure pump 410, a stable negative pressure is formed in part of the seed dispensing disc 45 covered by the closed shell 411, so that the corn seeds falling near the seed dispensing disc 45 are firmly adsorbed on the adsorption holes on the surface of the seed dispensing disc 45. Simultaneously, the output end of the motor 43 drives the transmission shaft. 44 rotates, and the drive shaft 44 further drives the seed dispensing disc 45, on which corn seeds are adsorbed, to rotate synchronously, conveying the adsorbed corn seeds to the seed unloading position. When the corn seeds rotate with the seed dispensing disc 45 to a certain position above the entrance of the first channel 46, they are released from the negative pressure area formed by the closed shell 411. The corn seeds, having lost their adsorption force, slide down the inside of the first channel 46. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel 46 is larger than that of the corn seeds, the corn seeds can slide down the channel in a flat state. Furthermore, since the gravity of the corn seed's radicle end is less than that of the blunt end, under the action of gravity, the corn seeds will automatically flip into a top-facing shape during the fall and fall precisely into the groove on the surface of the disc 48. At the same time, the drive shaft 44 drives the disc 48 to rotate synchronously. When the disc 48 rotates 180 degrees, the corn seeds in the groove also complete a 180-degree flip, achieving a downward orientation. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel 49 is roughly matched with the width of the corn seeds, it can effectively limit the orientation of the corn seeds, allowing the corn seeds to slide down the second channel 49 in a standard orientation with the embryo surface facing up and the tip facing down, and finally fall into the soil. In addition, when the corn seeds pass through the outlet of the second channel 49, the laser sensor 8 located there will monitor the signal of the seeds passing through in real time and quickly transmit the signal to the second solenoid valve on the outer wall of the air supply pipe 9, controlling the second solenoid valve to open intermittently. Since the corn seeds fall intermittently, the opening of the second solenoid valve is also intermittent, so that the airflow delivered from the output end of the negative pressure pump 410 to the air chamber 10 through the air supply pipe 9 forms an intermittent pulse airflow. At the moment when the corn seeds are discharged from the outlet of the second channel 49, the air chamber 10 simultaneously sprays out a vertically downward pulse airflow, forming a downward auxiliary thrust on the falling corn seeds. When the corn seeds adsorbed on the surface of the seed metering tray 45 pass through the arc surface of the straightening plate 58, the straightening plate 58 will exert a pushing force on the seeds with incorrect posture, causing the corn seeds adsorbed on the non-flat surface to deflect and pass through the gap between the straightening plate 58 and the seed metering tray 45, thereby initially adjusting the adsorption posture of the corn seeds and bringing them closer to the direction of the flat surface. At the same time, during the rotation of the drive shaft 44, the drive shaft 44 will drive the rotating shaft 51 to rotate synchronously through the gear set. When the rotating shaft 51 rotates, it will drive the collar 52 to reciprocate along the vertical direction of the limiting cylinder 55. The collar 52 will then drive the piston rod 54 fixed to its outer wall to reciprocate synchronously along the empty groove 53 inside the rotating shaft 51. During the movement, the piston rod 54 will squeeze the sliding rod 57, causing the sliding rod 57 to slide along the axial direction of the sleeve 56. Then, the sliding rod 57 will drive the straightening plate 58 at the end to move closer to the corn seeds adsorbed on the surface of the seed metering tray 45, forming a slight pressing effect on the corn seeds. Magnetic block A64 moves upward along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 51. During this upward movement, magnetic block A64 drives magnetic block B65 to move upward synchronously. Simultaneously, magnetic block B65 drives the push rod 66 fixed to its side wall to move together. The push rod 66 then pushes the screening plate 63 to rotate at a certain angle inside the arc-shaped groove 62 opened on the side of the screening frame 61. At this time, some broken and shriveled seeds in the corn seeds entering the screening frame 61 will gradually fall to the left side of the screening frame 61 through the gap of the screening plate 63 and roll down the bottom of the screening frame 61 into the collection box 67, completing the initial screening. When magnetic block B65 moves to a certain position, it will be limited by the top of the chute. When the magnetic block A64 is unable to move upward, it continues to move upward, causing magnetic block A64 and magnetic block B65 to separate. Magnetic block A64, which has lost its attraction, moves downward under its own gravity. At the same time, the sieve plate 63 loses the pushing force of the push rod 66 and slides to the left side of the sieve frame 61 until the sieve plate 63 collides with the inner wall of the sieve frame 61. The vibration force generated by the collision will act on the corn seeds on the right side of the sieve frame 61, causing the damaged corn kernels that were not originally screened to pass through the gap of the sieve plate 63 under the action of vibration, move from the right side of the sieve frame 61 to the left side, and finally fall into the collection box 67 along the bottom of the sieve frame 61. In addition, as the magnetic block A64 moves upward, it will squeeze the stacked airbag 74 located on its movement path. The gas inside the airbag is transported to the inside of the injection pipe 71 through the connecting pipe 75 to replenish the gas in the injection pipe 71. Whenever the adsorption hole on the surface of the seed metering disc 45 rotates to the injection port of the injection pipe 71, under the reaction force of the spring B73, the spring B73 pushes the pressure plate 72 to squeeze the gas inside the injection pipe 71, so that the gas is ejected from the injection pipe 71 to form an air cannon. The impact force of the air cannon is used to precisely clean the adsorption hole on the surface of the seed metering disc 45.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency intelligent directional sowing device for corn seeds, characterized in that, Includes a frame (1), a feeding box (2) installed on the frame (1), and a seeding pipe (3); The housing assembly consists of a front housing (41) and a rear housing (42) that interlock with each other; The seed metering assembly includes a motor (43) fixed to the rear housing (42), a transmission shaft (44) driven by the motor (43), and a seed metering disc (45) fixed to the transmission shaft (44) and having suction holes. The negative pressure assembly includes a negative pressure pump (410) and a closed shell (411). The closed shell (411) covers part of the seed metering disc (45) and is fixed inside the rear shell (42) to generate negative pressure in the adsorption holes to adsorb corn seeds. The directional channel includes a first channel (46) fixed inside the front housing (41). The entrance of the first channel (46) corresponds to the seed unloading position of the seed metering tray (45). A rotatable disc (48) is provided below its outlet. A circular shell (47) is provided on the outside of the disc (48). A second channel (49) is connected below the circular shell (47). The disc (48) is driven by a transmission shaft (44) through a transmission assembly to rotate the seeds 180 degrees and send them into the second channel (49). The straightening assembly includes a rotating shaft (51), a collar (52), a sliding rod (57), and a straightening plate (58). The rotating shaft (51) is driven by a transmission shaft (44) through a gear set. The collar (52) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (51) and drives the sliding rod (57) to reciprocate. The straightening plate (58) is fixed to the end of the sliding rod (57) and close to the surface of the seed metering tray (45) to adjust the adsorption posture of the seeds. A screening component, which is located inside the front housing (41), is used to screen out damaged seeds; An airflow assist component is disposed at the outlet end of the second channel (49).

2. The high-efficiency intelligent corn seed directional sowing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first channel (46) and the second channel (49) are both rectangular in cross-section, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel (46) is larger than that of the corn seed, while the cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel (49) matches the width of the corn seed.

3. The high-efficiency intelligent corn seed directional sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The straightening assembly also includes a slot (53), a piston rod (54), a limiting sleeve (55), a sleeve (56), and a spring A (59). The slot (53) is opened inside the rotating shaft (51). The piston rod (54) is fixed to the outer wall of the collar (52) and slidably disposed in the slot (53). The limiting sleeve (55) is fixed to the rear housing (42) and used to guide the movement of the collar (52). The inner wall of the collar (52) is threadedly connected to the rotating shaft (51). The slide rod (57) is slidably disposed in the sleeve (56). The spring A (59) is sleeved on the outer wall of the slide rod (57). The rotating shaft (51) is provided with a first bidirectional threaded section. The collar (52) is threadedly connected to the first bidirectional threaded section.

4. The high-efficiency intelligent corn seed directional sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screening assembly includes a screening frame (61), a screening plate (63), magnetic block A (64), magnetic block B (65), a push rod (66), and a collection box (67). The screening frame (61) is located below the outlet of the seed pipe (3). The screening plate (63) is fixed inside the screening frame (61). The magnetic block A (64) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (51) and driven by it. The magnetic block B (65) is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (51). Block B (65) is magnetically coupled with magnetic block A (64). The push rod (66) is fixed to the side wall of magnetic block B (65) and is used to drive the sieving plate (63) to swing to remove broken seeds. The collection box (67) is fixed to the bottom of the front housing (41). The side of the sieving frame (61) is provided with an arc groove (62). The sieving plate (63) is slidably disposed in the arc groove (62). The sieving frame (61) is provided with a cleaning component inside.

5. The high-efficiency intelligent corn seed directional sowing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cleaning assembly includes a spray pipe (71), a pressure plate (72), a spring B (73), and a stacked airbag (74). The stacked airbag (74) is located on the movement path of the magnetic block A (64) and is connected to the spray pipe (71) through a connecting pipe (75). The spray end of the spray pipe (71) faces the adsorption hole of the seeding disc (45). The pressure plate (72) is located inside the spray pipe (71) through the spring B (73).

6. The high-efficiency intelligent corn seed directional sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the disc (48) is provided with a plurality of grooves for holding seeds, and the disc (48) is connected to the transmission shaft (44) through a gear set to achieve synchronous rotation with the seed metering disc (45).

7. The high-efficiency intelligent corn seed directional sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorption holes on the surface of the seed metering disc (45) are evenly distributed, and the grooves on the surface of the disc (48) correspond one-to-one with the adsorption holes on the surface of the seed metering disc (45).

8. The high-efficiency intelligent corn seed directional sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes a first pulley, a second pulley, and a synchronous belt. The first pulley is fixed to the transmission shaft (44), and the second pulley is fixed to the transmission rod (412). The synchronous belt is tensioned between the first pulley and the second pulley. The synchronous belt is a circular arc tooth synchronous belt. The first and second synchronous pulleys are matched with circular arc tooth pulleys. The ratio of the rotational speed of the disc (48) to the rotational speed of the seeding disc (45) is 1:

1.

9. The high-efficiency intelligent corn seed directional sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorption holes on the seed metering disc (45) are evenly arranged in multiple sets along its circumference, and the pore diameter of each set of adsorption holes is a micropore of 0.5 to 1.5 mm.

10. The high-efficiency intelligent corn seed directional sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The airflow assist component includes a laser sensor (8), an air supply pipe (9), and a compressor chamber (10). The laser sensor (8) is located at the outlet of the second channel (49). The air supply pipe (9) is connected to the output end of the negative pressure pump (410) and the compressor chamber (10). The nozzle of the compressor chamber (10) faces downwards from the outlet of the second channel (49). The laser sensor (8) is electrically connected to a second solenoid valve on the air supply pipe (9) to control the compressor chamber (10) to eject a pulsed airflow when the falling seed is detected.

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