Unmanned aerial vehicle spreading apparatus

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle, and provides an unmanned aerial vehicle seeding device, which comprises a shell, a disc arranged in the shell, a seed suction hole arranged on the disc, a discharge port arranged on the shell, an air suction pipe communicated with the seed suction hole, and an air source connected with the air suction pipe, characterized in that the unmanned aerial vehicle seeding device further comprises a three-way reversing valve, a first port of the three-way reversing valve being connected with the air source, a second port of the three-way reversing valve being connected with the air suction pipe, a third port of the three-way reversing valve being connected with a gas storage tank, an air inlet of the gas storage tank being connected with the air source, and a control unit, the control unit being used for controlling the three-way reversing valve to switch the air path, so that the air suction pipe is switched between a negative pressure state and a reverse pulse blowing state; when being in the reverse pulse blowing state, the gas in the gas storage tank is output to the seed suction hole through the three-way reversing valve and the air suction pipe to clear the blockage at the seed suction hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of agricultural drone technology, and more particularly to a drone-based seeding device. Background Technology

[0002] Drone seeding equipment is widely used in agricultural seeding. It uses an air source to generate negative pressure at the seed suction hole, which adsorbs the seeds onto the seed suction hole of the disc. The seeds are then released after rotating to the discharge port, thus achieving quantitative seeding.

[0003] like Figure 1 As shown, a drone negative pressure seeding device includes a housing 1. The top of the housing 1 has a feed inlet, and the bottom of the housing 1 extends downwards to form a discharge channel 11, with a discharge outlet at the bottom of the discharge channel 11. A disc is housed inside the housing 1, and a feeding channel is provided on the housing 1. A connecting shaft is located at the center of the disc, and a drive device is connected to the connecting shaft. A rotating tube is housed inside the connecting shaft and is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft. One end of the rotating tube communicates with a seed suction hole, and the other end is connected to an air suction pipe 324, which is connected to an air source 332, which can be an air pump. A rotating seat is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the discharge channel 11, and an acceleration tube is connected to the bottom of the rotating seat. A rotating motor 23 is located at the bottom of the housing, and the main shaft of the rotating motor 23 is connected to the rotating seat. The rotating motor drives the rotating seat to rotate, giving the acceleration tube two operating postures: vertical to the ground and horizontal to the ground. An air outlet pipe 15 is connected to the air source and is connected to the acceleration tube. The drive device includes a drive motor 4. The accelerator tube is equipped with a connecting sleeve 221.

[0004] In actual operation, dust adhering to the seed surface, broken seed coats, sticky substances in high humidity environments, or impurities from unselected seeds can easily clog the seed suction holes. Once the seed suction holes are clogged, the negative pressure cannot effectively adsorb the seeds, leading to missed sowing or uneven sowing. Clearing the blockages in the seed suction holes usually requires stopping the operation, disassembling the equipment, and manual cleaning. The cleaning process is cumbersome and time-consuming, seriously affecting sowing efficiency and the reliability of continuous operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present disclosure provides a drone seeding device to solve the technical problem that the seed suction hole is easily blocked and difficult to clean in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this disclosure is: This disclosure provides a drone-based seeding device, including a housing, a disc disposed within the housing, a seed suction hole disposed on the disc, a discharge port disposed on the housing, an air suction pipe communicating with the seed suction hole, and an air source connected to the air suction pipe. The device further includes: a three-way reversing valve, with its first port connected to the air source, its second port connected to the air suction pipe, and its third port connected to an air storage tank, the air inlet of which is connected to the air source; and a control unit, which controls the three-way reversing valve to switch the air path, causing the air suction pipe to switch between a negative pressure state and a reverse pulse blowing state. When in the reverse pulse blowing state, the gas in the air storage tank outputs a positive pulse airflow to the seed suction hole via the three-way reversing valve and the air suction pipe to clear blockages at the seed suction hole.

[0007] In some embodiments, the drone seeding device further includes a baffle disposed within the housing, the baffle being located at the discharge port and within the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole, for limiting the seeds on the seed suction hole from entering the interior of the housing.

[0008] In some embodiments, the control unit automatically triggers a reverse pulse blowing state according to a preset time period.

[0009] In some embodiments, a pressure sensor is provided on the suction tube, and the control unit receives the detection value of the pressure sensor. When the vacuum level in the suction tube is lower than a set threshold, a reverse pulse blowing state is triggered.

[0010] In some embodiments, a one-way valve is provided at the outlet of the gas storage tank to prevent backflow of gas.

[0011] In some embodiments, the three-way directional valve is a solenoid directional valve with a switching time of less than or equal to 0.1 seconds.

[0012] In some embodiments, the duration of a single reverse pulse blowing is controlled between 0.2 seconds and 1 second, and the number of pulses is 1 to 3 times during each cleaning process.

[0013] In some embodiments, the control unit is integrated into the UAV flight controller or is a separately configured microcontroller module.

[0014] In some embodiments, the drone-based seeding device further includes a miniature vibrator disposed in the baffle area inside the housing. The control unit synchronously drives the miniature vibrator to vibrate when the reverse pulse blowing state is activated, and the miniature vibrator continues to vibrate for 0.5 to 1 second after the reverse pulse blowing ends.

[0015] In some embodiments, the three-way reversing valve, the air tank, and the micro vibrator are all sealed and mounted on the outside of the housing and are provided with a dust cover.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this disclosed embodiment compared with the prior art include: the technical solution of this disclosed embodiment uses a control unit to control a three-way reversing valve to switch the air path, so that when the air suction pipe is in the reverse pulse blowing state, the gas in the air storage tank is used to output a positive pulse airflow to the seed suction hole, thereby facilitating the removal of blockages at the seed suction hole, ensuring uniform sowing, improving sowing efficiency and reliability of continuous operation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a drone negative pressure seeding device in the prior art; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the air path structure of the drone seeding device provided in this embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the workflow of a drone-based seeding device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the workflow of another drone-based seeding device provided in this embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this disclosure clearer, the disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining this disclosure and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0020] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it may be directly or indirectly located on that other component. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it may be directly or indirectly connected to that other component. The terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate orientations or positions based on the accompanying drawings, and are for ease of description only, and should not be construed as limiting the technical solution. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features. "A plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0021] The drone seeding device according to embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the air path structure of the drone seeding device provided in this embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the workflow of a drone-based seeding device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the workflow of another drone-based seeding device provided in this disclosure. The following is a description of its operation. Figures 2 to 4 Let's describe the drone seeding device provided in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0023] This disclosure provides an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) seeding device, including a housing, a disc disposed within the housing, a seed suction hole 105 disposed on the disc, a discharge port disposed on the housing, an air suction pipe 104 communicating with the seed suction hole, and an air source 102 connected to the air suction pipe. Figure 2 As shown, the drone seeding equipment also includes: a three-way reversing valve 101, whose first port C1 is connected to an air source, its second port C2 is connected to an air intake pipe 104, and its third port C3 is connected to an air storage tank 103, the air inlet of which is connected to an air source; and a control unit 106, which controls the three-way reversing valve to switch the air path, so that the air intake pipe switches between a negative pressure state and a reverse pulse blowing state; when in the reverse pulse blowing state, the gas in the air storage tank is output to the seed suction hole through the three-way reversing valve and the air intake pipe to clear the blockage at the seed suction hole. Figure 2 The arrows on the graph describe the direction of airflow.

[0024] The technical solution of this disclosure adds a three-way reversing valve, an air tank, and a control unit, which allows the suction pipe to switch between a negative pressure state and a reverse pulse blowing state. By using the gas in the air tank to output a positive pulse airflow, the blockage of the seed suction hole can be automatically cleared without disassembling or stopping the machine. This solves the problem of low operating efficiency caused by the need for manual shutdown for cleaning in the prior art, and significantly improves the reliability and intelligence of the continuous operation of the spreading unit.

[0025] Specifically, the three-way reversing valve enables rapid switching between positive and negative pressure air paths, keeping the switching time within 0.1 seconds, thus achieving a continuous operating efficiency of 50 seeds / second for a single spreading component. Simultaneously, the high-pressure pulse airflow from the storage tank clears blockages online without requiring machine shutdown for cleaning, ensuring that the entire machine can achieve a spreading efficiency of 1 minute / acre when all 9 modules are operating in parallel, representing an efficiency improvement of over 300% compared to existing equipment.

[0026] In this embodiment, the air source 102 can be any one of a miniature diaphragm air pump, a rotary vane vacuum pump, or a turbine blower. Its rated negative pressure value can be selected according to the thousand-grain weight and particle size range of the seeds being sown, and is usually controlled between 2 kPa and 15 kPa. The volume of the air storage tank 103 is preferably 50 mL to 200 mL, and its material can be aluminum alloy or stainless steel, with internal anti-corrosion treatment to adapt to corrosive environments such as fertilizers and pesticides. A flow limiting valve can be installed between the air inlet of the air storage tank 103 and the air source 102 to control the inflation rate and avoid pressure fluctuations when the air source is simultaneously undertaking negative pressure sowing and air storage tank inflation. The control unit 106 can be an STM32 series single-chip microcomputer or an ATmega series microcontroller, which integrates a timer and a PWM output module for precisely controlling the switching sequence of the three-way reversing valve 101.

[0027] The technical solution of this disclosure adds a three-way reversing valve, an air tank, and a control unit, allowing the suction pipe to switch between negative pressure and reverse pulse blowing states. Utilizing the gas in the air tank to output a positive pulse airflow, it can automatically clear blockages in the seed suction holes without disassembling or stopping the machine. This solves the problem of low operational efficiency caused by the need for manual shutdown for cleaning in existing technologies, significantly improving the continuous operation reliability and intelligence of the spreading unit. Compared with existing technologies that use mechanical scrapers or brushes to clean the seed suction holes, this solution avoids mechanical contact wear on the edges of the seed suction holes, while simultaneously cleaning dust and wet seeds deep inside the holes, resulting in a more thorough cleaning. Furthermore, because it uses a pneumatic pulse method, this solution is suitable for high-speed rotating discs, and the cleaning process does not interfere with the rotational positioning accuracy of the seed suction holes.

[0028] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the drone seeding device further includes a baffle disposed inside the housing. The baffle is located at the discharge port and within the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole, and is used to restrict the seeds on the seed suction hole from entering the interior of the housing.

[0029] The baffle design ensures that the seeds are reliably blocked and fall into the discharge port when they reach it, preventing the seeds from returning to the shell as the disc continues to rotate. This improves the positioning accuracy and consistency of seed placement, while also reducing seed residue in the shell.

[0030] As a further improvement, the surface of the baffle can be coated with polytetrafluoroethylene or diamond-like carbon to reduce the coefficient of friction between the seeds and the baffle, preventing sticky seeds from adhering to the baffle surface and causing secondary blockage. The installation angle of the baffle relative to the tangent of the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole is preferably 30° to 60°, so as to generate a downward force when blocking the seeds, promoting rapid seed entry into the discharge port. Furthermore, the gap between the baffle and the end face of the seed suction hole is controlled within the range of 0.1mm to 0.5mm, ensuring normal passage of the seed suction hole while effectively scraping away excess moisture or impurities from the end face of the seed suction hole.

[0031] In this embodiment of the disclosure, a one-way valve is provided at the outlet of the gas storage tank to prevent backflow of gas.

[0032] The one-way valve ensures that the airflow will not flow back from the air tank to the suction pipe or air source under negative pressure, thus maintaining the stability of negative pressure dissemination; at the same time, it prevents high-pressure airflow from impacting the air source in reverse during pulse blowing, thus protecting the air source equipment.

[0033] The check valve can be a spring-loaded or diaphragm-type check valve, with an optimal opening pressure of 0.5 kPa to 2 kPa to ensure reliable closure during normal negative pressure dispensing and rapid opening for pulse blowing when the pressure in the gas tank reaches the set value. To prevent the check valve from failing due to dust blockage, a filter screen with a filtration accuracy of 50 to 100 mesh can be added upstream. A pressure relief valve can also be installed between the outlet of the gas tank and the check valve to automatically release pressure when the pressure in the gas tank exceeds a safety threshold, avoiding the risk of pipeline rupture.

[0034] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the three-way directional valve is a solenoid directional valve, and its switching time is less than or equal to 0.1 seconds.

[0035] The electromagnetic reversing valve has a fast switching speed and can complete the air path conversion in a very short time, so that the reverse pulse blowing hardly interferes with the normal seeding sequence, achieving a seamless connection between online cleaning and continuous sowing.

[0036] The electromagnetic directional valve is preferably a two-position, three-normally closed electromagnetic valve, with its coil voltage matched to the UAV power supply system, typically 12V or 24V DC. The valve body can be made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or polyetheretherketone (PEEK) to withstand chemically corrosive environments such as those caused by pesticides and fertilizers. To extend the lifespan of the electromagnetic valve, the control unit 106 can employ a PWM low-power holding mode, reducing the drive current to the holding current level after valve core switching, significantly reducing coil heating and energy consumption.

[0037] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, the duration of a single reverse pulse blowing is controlled between 0.2 seconds and 1 second, and the number of pulses during each cleaning process is 1 to 3.

[0038] By optimizing the pulse parameters, it is possible to effectively remove dust, wet seeds or debris from the seed suction hole, while avoiding damage to the seeds or impact on the air circuit seals caused by excessively long or too many pulses, thus achieving a balance between cleaning effect and system lifespan.

[0039] Multiple pulse parameter combinations can be preset to address blockages of varying viscosities. For example, a single 0.2-second pulse can clear blockages caused by dry dust; for wet or coated seeds, three 0.5-second pulses with a 0.1-second interval can be used. The control unit 106 can automatically optimize the pulse parameters based on historical cleaning results, forming an adaptive cleaning strategy. Furthermore, the peak flow rate of the pulse airflow should be 3 to 5 times the normal suction flow rate of the seed suction hole to ensure sufficient airflow energy to blow away the blockage. The relationship between the volume of the air tank 103 and the pulse duration can be calculated using the empirical formula: V ≥ Q × t × p0 / (p1 - p2), where V is the volume of the air tank, Q is the required pulse flow rate, t is the pulse duration, p0 is atmospheric pressure, p1 is the initial pressure of the air tank, and p2 is the residual pressure at the end of the pulse.

[0040] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the control unit is integrated into the UAV flight controller or is a separately set microcontroller module.

[0041] The integrated or independent configuration of the control unit provides a flexible system integration approach, which can reduce costs by utilizing the existing computing resources of the UAV, or improve response speed and reliability by using dedicated modules, adapting to the hardware architecture of different UAV models.

[0042] When the control unit is integrated into the UAV flight controller, the backflushing cleaning function can be remotely configured via ground station software. This includes setting parameters such as cleaning cycle and intensity, and recording the trigger time and feedback results for each cleaning cycle in the flight log. When the control unit is a standalone microcontroller module, it can be equipped with an independent power management chip to ensure that configuration parameters are maintained even when the UAV's main power supply is interrupted. The standalone module can also communicate with the flight controller via CAN bus or RS485 bus to report status and receive commands. Both integration methods allow for deep integration with existing UAV spraying processes, such as automatically triggering a backflushing cleaning cycle at flight path turning points, plot boundaries, or fertilizer / pesticide switching points to avoid cross-contamination.

[0043] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the drone seeding device also includes a miniature vibrator disposed in the baffle area inside the housing. The control unit synchronously drives the miniature vibrator to vibrate when the reverse pulse blowing state is started, and the miniature vibrator continues to vibrate for 0.5 seconds to 1 second after the reverse pulse blowing ends.

[0044] The micro vibrator works in conjunction with the reverse pulsed airflow to shake off stubborn seeds or wet, sticky impurities adhering to the baffle area and around the seed suction hole while the airflow blows them away. The vibration continues after the pulse ends to remove any remaining residue, significantly improving the overall cleaning effect. It is especially suitable for high humidity or sticky seed handling scenarios.

[0045] The miniature vibrator can employ a flat linear vibration motor or a piezoelectric ceramic vibrating plate, with a preferred vibration frequency of 100Hz to 300Hz and an amplitude controlled within the range of 0.1mm to 0.5mm. The vibrator should be installed away from the direct rotation path of the seed suction hole to avoid frictional damage. The control unit 106 can adjust the vibration intensity by changing the duty cycle of the driving voltage, employing different vibration modes for blockages of varying viscosity. For example, low-intensity continuous vibration can be used for slight dust blockage, while high-intensity intermittent vibration can be used for wet seed adhesion. Continuing vibration for 0.5 to 1 second after the pulsed airflow ends helps to thoroughly shake off seeds that have been loosened by the airflow but have not yet detached, preventing them from being re-adsorbed into the seed suction hole.

[0046] In this embodiment, the three-way reversing valve, the air tank, and the micro vibrator are all sealed and installed on the outside of the housing and are provided with dust covers.

[0047] Electrical and pneumatic components susceptible to dust are sealed and installed on the outside of the housing with dust covers to prevent dust, pesticides or moisture from entering and causing component failure, thus extending the service life of the equipment and facilitating maintenance and replacement.

[0048] The dust cover can be made of transparent polycarbonate material, allowing for visual inspection of the internal components. A rubber sealing ring is installed between the dust cover and the housing, achieving a protection rating of IP54 or higher. Ventilation holes can be provided on the side walls of the dust cover, and a waterproof and breathable membrane can be attached to balance the internal and external air pressure, preventing condensation due to temperature changes. The connection between the three-way reversing valve and the air tank uses a polyurethane flexible hose with an inner diameter of at least 4mm, and quick-connect pneumatic fittings are used at the pipe joints for easy assembly and disassembly. The miniature vibrator's lead wires are connected to the control unit via a waterproof aviation plug with an IP67 protection rating. The housing also features wiring harness securing clips to prevent cables from becoming loose due to flight vibrations.

[0049] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the control unit can automatically trigger a reverse pulse blowing state according to a preset time period. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the process of automatically triggering the reverse pulse blowing state according to a preset time period includes the following steps: Step S201: The drone begins the seeding operation.

[0050] Step S202: Normal negative pressure dispensing.

[0051] Step S203: Check if the timer has reached the preset cycle.

[0052] Step S204: Switch the three-way valve to connect the gas tank to the suction pipe.

[0053] Step S205: Output 1 to 3 pulse airflows.

[0054] Step S206: Switch the three-way valve to connect the air source to the suction pipe.

[0055] Step S207: Restore negative pressure dispensing.

[0056] By triggering backflushing cleaning at regular intervals, blockages can be prevented periodically during operation without the need for manual intervention or sensor detection, reducing system complexity and cost, and making it particularly suitable for dry operating environments with high dust levels.

[0057] The preset time period can be adjusted according to the operating environment. For example, it can be set to 30 to 60 seconds when operating in dry farmland, and shortened to 10 to 20 seconds when the humidity is high or the seed impurity content is high. Multiple timers can be set internally in the control unit 106, each corresponding to a different cleaning level. Users can adjust the period parameters in real time during flight via ground station software or a custom button on the remote controller. Furthermore, the timed trigger mode can be used in parallel with manual triggering; that is, if the operator observes abnormal sowing, they can force-start backflushing cleaning with a single button press on the remote controller, enhancing the system's human-machine interface flexibility.

[0058] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the control unit can trigger a reverse pulse blowing state when insufficient negative pressure is detected due to blockage. Specifically, a pressure sensor is provided on the suction tube, and the control unit receives the detection value from the pressure sensor. When the vacuum level in the suction tube is lower than a set threshold, the reverse pulse blowing state is triggered. Figure 4 As shown, the process of triggering the reverse pulse blowing state when insufficient negative pressure is detected due to blockage includes the following steps: Step S301: The drone begins the seeding operation.

[0059] Step S302: Normal negative pressure dispensing, with real-time monitoring by the air pressure sensor.

[0060] Step S303: Is the vacuum level below the threshold?

[0061] Step S304: Switch the three-way valve to connect the gas tank to the suction pipe.

[0062] Step S305: Output pulsed airflow to synchronously start the vibrator.

[0063] Step S306: The vibrator continues to vibrate for a delay of 0.5s to 1s.

[0064] Step S307: Switch the three-way valve to connect the air source to the suction pipe.

[0065] Step S308: Restore negative pressure dispensing.

[0066] By monitoring the vacuum level in the inhalation tube in real time, backflush is triggered only when a blockage is detected that causes insufficient negative pressure, avoiding unnecessary pulse actions, reducing air source energy consumption, and providing fast response and precise cleaning timing.

[0067] The pressure sensor can be a MEMS silicon piezoresistive sensor with a range of -20 kPa to 20 kPa and an accuracy of ±0.5%FS. The sensor should be installed close to the connection between the air intake pipe and the seed suction hole to quickly detect pressure changes caused by blockage. The threshold value can be dynamically adjusted based on the type of seed being sown and the normal negative pressure. For example, if the normal negative pressure is 8 kPa, the threshold can be set to 5 kPa. A blockage is determined when the vacuum level is detected to be below 5 kPa for more than 0.3 seconds. To avoid false triggering due to instantaneous fluctuations, the control unit 106 can be configured with a de-jitter filtering algorithm, performing a backflushing operation only if three consecutive samples are below the threshold. After backflushing, the control unit will re-monitor the vacuum level. If it is still below the threshold, the backflushing cycle will be repeated. If the vacuum level does not recover after three consecutive backflushing cycles, a blockage alarm will be sent to the flight control system, recommending manual intervention or a return to base.

[0068] This embodiment of the disclosure can also combine timed triggering and vacuum detection triggering: timed triggering is used for preventative cleaning under normal circumstances, while vacuum detection serves as a backup. In the event of a sudden severe blockage, vacuum detection bypasses the timer and forces a backflushing operation. This dual-protection mechanism balances low power consumption and low cost while ensuring reliability under harsh operating conditions. The firmware of the control unit 106 can record the type, timestamp, and vacuum recovery curve of each backflushing trigger. This data can be transmitted wirelessly to ground analysis software for assessing the wear trend of the spreading unit and optimizing maintenance cycles.

[0069] According to the drone seeding equipment provided in this disclosure, by using a control unit to control a three-way reversing valve to switch the air path, when the air intake pipe is in the reverse pulse blowing state, the gas in the air tank is used to output a positive pulse airflow to the seed suction hole, thereby easily clearing the blockage at the seed suction hole, ensuring the uniformity of seeding, improving seeding efficiency and the reliability of continuous operation.

[0070] As a variation of the above embodiment, the gas storage tank 103 can be composed of multiple sub-gas storage tanks connected in parallel. Each sub-gas storage tank outlet is equipped with an independent control valve. The control unit can release the gas in different sub-gas storage tanks sequentially or simultaneously to form multi-stage pulsed or continuous blowing. This design is particularly suitable for large drones or precision seeding scenarios requiring extremely high cleanliness. In addition, a cooling coil can be added to the connecting pipeline between the gas source 102 and the gas storage tank 103 to cool the compressed gas in the gas storage tank using the low-temperature airflow at high altitude of the drone, thereby increasing the gas density and storing more gas in the same volume, enhancing the pulse blowing effect.

[0071] The drone seeding equipment of this disclosure is particularly suitable for precision seeding of small seeds such as rice, rapeseed, alfalfa, and vegetables, and also for single or double seeding of large seeds such as corn and soybeans. By parametrically designing the aperture of the seed suction hole 105 and combining it with the self-cleaning function of this embodiment, it can operate continuously for more than 8 hours without manual cleaning of the seed suction hole.

[0072] In terms of manufacturing and assembly, all pneumatic and electronic components in this embodiment can be commercially available standard parts, facilitating mass production and cost control. Structural components such as the housing and disc can be injection molded from glass fiber reinforced nylon or polyoxymethylene, offering good wear resistance and anti-aging properties. The air tank 103 can be ultrasonically welded from two half-shells, with internal reinforcing ribs to prevent bulging and deformation. The connection between the three-way reversing valve 101 and the housing uses elastic damping washers to reduce vibration transmission and improve the working stability of the solenoid valve. The overall weight increase is controlled within 150g, with negligible impact on the drone's endurance.

[0073] In summary, the drone seeding equipment provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure, by introducing a reverse pulse blowing self-cleaning module consisting of a three-way reversing valve, an air tank, and a control unit into a traditional pneumatic seeding system, achieves online, automatic, and rapid removal of blockages in the seed suction holes, significantly improving the operating efficiency and reliability of the seeding equipment, and has good market application prospects and promotional value.

[0074] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this disclosure and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A drone seeding device, comprising a housing, a disc disposed within the housing, a seed suction hole disposed on the disc, a discharge port disposed on the housing, an air suction pipe communicating with the seed suction hole, and an air source connected to the air suction pipe, characterized in that, The drone seeding device further includes: a three-way reversing valve, the first port of which is connected to the air source, the second port of which is connected to the air intake pipe, and the third port of which is connected to an air storage tank, the air inlet of which is connected to the air source; and a control unit, which controls the three-way reversing valve to switch the air path, so that the air intake pipe switches between a negative pressure state and a reverse pulse blowing state; when in the reverse pulse blowing state, the gas in the air storage tank outputs a positive pulse airflow to the seed suction hole through the three-way reversing valve and the air intake pipe to clear the blockage at the seed suction hole.

2. The drone seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drone seeding device also includes a baffle disposed inside the housing. The baffle is located at the discharge port and within the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole, and is used to restrict the seeds on the seed suction hole from entering the interior of the housing.

3. The drone seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control unit automatically triggers the reverse pulse blowing state according to a preset time period.

4. The drone seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pressure sensor is installed on the suction tube. The control unit receives the detection value of the pressure sensor and triggers the reverse pulse blowing state when the vacuum degree in the suction tube is lower than a set threshold.

5. The drone seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A one-way valve is installed at the outlet of the gas storage tank to prevent backflow of gas.

6. The drone seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-way directional valve is an electromagnetic directional valve with a switching time of less than or equal to 0.1 seconds.

7. The drone seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The duration of a single reverse pulse blowing is controlled between 0.2 seconds and 1 second, and the number of pulses is 1 to 3 times during each cleaning process.

8. The drone seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control unit is integrated into the UAV flight controller or is a separately set microcontroller module.

9. The drone seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drone-based seeding device also includes a miniature vibrator located in the baffle area inside the housing. When the control unit is activated in the reverse pulse blowing state, it synchronously drives the miniature vibrator to vibrate, and the miniature vibrator continues to vibrate for 0.5 to 1 second after the reverse pulse blowing ends.

10. The drone seeding device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The three-way reversing valve, the air tank, and the micro vibrator are all sealed and installed on the outside of the housing and are equipped with dust covers.

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