Water and fertilizer irrigation device for green belt seedling cultivation

Abstract

The present application relates to water and fertilizer irrigation technology field, specifically, it is a kind of water and fertilizer irrigation device for green belt seedling cultivation, it includes main pipeline, first valve being arranged on main pipeline and water inlet pipe, throat pipe and water outlet pipe being sequentially communicated with main pipeline, the water inlet side of throat pipe is provided with conical barrel, the inside of conical barrel is elastically provided with conical block, the end of conical barrel away from throat pipe is provided with fertilizer suction pipe by second valve.This device under the condition of fertilization, when the water flow in water inlet pipe surge, the negative pressure of throat pipe is enhanced, conical block moves to throat pipe direction under the action of negative pressure, the annular gap between conical block and conical barrel increases, so that the resistance of fertilizer suction decreases, and the amount of fertilizer suction increases, when the water flow in water inlet pipe is suddenly reduced, the negative pressure of throat pipe is reduced, the annular gap between conical block and conical barrel is reduced, so that the resistance of fertilizer suction increases, and the amount of fertilizer suction decreases, reaches the effect that the amount of fertilizer suction and water flow linearly change simultaneously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water and fertilizer application technology, and more specifically, to a water and fertilizer application device for seedling cultivation in green belts. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, green belts, as an important component of the urban ecosystem, directly affect the urban landscape effect, biodiversity maintenance, and ecological restoration effectiveness through the quality of seedling cultivation. Irrigation and fertilization are crucial steps in seedling growth, requiring precise control of the water-to-nutrient ratio to avoid stunted growth due to insufficient water and fertilizer or root rot and seedling burn caused by excessive water and fertilizer.

[0003] Currently, water and fertilizer application technologies in greenbelt seedling cultivation mainly include Venturi fertilizer applicators and manually adjustable fertilizer applicators. Among them, the Venturi fertilizer applicator is the most widely used device due to its simple structure and low cost. Its core connection structure is as follows: the inlet pipe is connected to the main pipeline, one end of the fertilizer suction pipe is connected to the throat, and the other end is inserted into the fertilizer solution tank. The outlet pipe is connected to the irrigation network (such as drip irrigation tape or sprinkler pipes). The negative pressure generated by the Venturi effect draws the fertilizer solution into the inlet pipe, realizing water and fertilizer mixing. Venturi fertilizer applicators are widely used in both drip irrigation systems and sprinkler irrigation.

[0004] As is well known, pressure fluctuations, valve operations, pump start-ups and shutdowns, and changes in irrigation demand in water supply systems can cause sudden surges or drops in water flow within the main pipeline. For example, during greenbelt irrigation, if multiple drip irrigation tapes or sprinklers are activated simultaneously, the water flow in the main pipeline will surge due to increased demand. Conversely, if some irrigation units are shut down, the water flow will drop sharply. Furthermore, unstable pressure in the municipal water supply network and the start-up or shutdown of pumps can also lead to sudden changes in the water flow in the main pipeline. These flow fluctuations can cause changes in the negative pressure at the throat of the Venturi fertilizer applicator, thereby affecting fertilizer absorption and resulting in unstable mixed solution concentration.

[0005] For example, Chinese patent application CN112544195A discloses a Venturi fertilizer applicator. This prior art uses a Venturi device to effectively mix water and fertilizer, improving the utilization rate of water and fertilizer. However, the core drawback of traditional Venturi fertilizer applicators is that the fertilizer suction resistance cannot be dynamically adjusted. According to Bernoulli's equation, when the water flow rate in the inlet pipe surges, the flow velocity at the throat of the Venturi fertilizer applicator increases, the negative pressure intensifies, and although the amount of fertilizer absorbed by the suction tube naturally increases, the increase in fertilizer absorption is much smaller than the increase in water flow rate, ultimately leading to a dilution of the mixture. Conversely, when the water flow rate drops sharply, the negative pressure at the throat decreases, and although the amount of fertilizer absorbed by the suction tube naturally decreases, the decrease in fertilizer absorption is greater than the decrease in water flow rate, leading to a thickening of the mixture. This concentration fluctuation can cause uneven fertilization of seedlings, with some plants being nutrient-deficient and others over-fertilized, affecting survival rate and growth uniformity. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a water and fertilizer irrigation device for seedling cultivation in green belts. It dynamically adjusts the fertilizer absorption resistance by moving a conical block inside a conical cylinder, thereby solving the problem mentioned in the background art: the traditional Venturi fertilizer applicator cannot dynamically adjust the fertilizer absorption resistance, which easily causes the concentration of the mixed solution to be unstable when the water flow in the inlet pipe fluctuates.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a water and fertilizer irrigation device for seedling cultivation in green belts, comprising a main pipeline, a first valve installed on the main pipeline, and an inlet pipe, a throat pipe, and an outlet pipe connected in sequence to the main pipeline. A conical cylinder is provided on the inlet side of the throat pipe, and a conical block is elastically provided inside the conical cylinder. A fertilizer suction pipe is provided at the end of the conical cylinder away from the throat pipe through the second valve.

[0008] In the above technical solution, under fertilization conditions, when the water flow rate in the inlet pipe surges, the negative pressure in the throat increases, and the conical block moves towards the throat under the action of negative pressure. The annular gap between the conical block and the conical cylinder increases, thereby reducing the resistance to fertilizer absorption and increasing the amount of fertilizer absorbed. When the water flow rate in the inlet pipe decreases sharply, the negative pressure in the throat decreases, and the annular gap between the conical block and the conical cylinder decreases, thereby increasing the resistance to fertilizer absorption and decreasing the amount of fertilizer absorbed.

[0009] Based on the above, an installation frame is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the conical cylinder, and a fixed sleeve is fixedly installed on the side of the installation frame away from the throat. A movable rod is slidably installed inside the fixed sleeve, and an elastic element is sleeved on the cylinder wall of the fixed sleeve. The end of the movable rod away from the fixed sleeve is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the conical block.

[0010] The movable rod has a guide plate fixedly installed on its wall, and the inner wall of the fixed sleeve has a guide groove for the guide plate to slide.

[0011] The fixed sleeve has a positioning plate slidably installed on its wall, and the positioning plate is located on top of the elastic element.

[0012] One end of the elastic element is fixedly connected to the side of the positioning plate away from the throat, and the other end of the elastic element is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the conical block.

[0013] The conical cylinder has a fixed limit frame installed on its wall to allow the positioning plate to slide.

[0014] The inner wall of the limiting frame is rotatably mounted with a threaded rod, and the rod wall of the threaded rod is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the positioning plate.

[0015] An adjusting knob is fixedly installed at the end of the threaded rod, and the adjusting knob is located outside the conical cylinder. The conical cylinder wall has a groove for the adjusting knob to rotate.

[0016] The outer wall of the limiting frame is provided with a transparent window.

[0017] A filter is provided at the end of the fertilizer suction tube away from the conical cylinder.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. In this water and fertilizer irrigation device for seedling cultivation in green belts, a conical block that moves elastically inside the conical cylinder in response to changes in the negative pressure of the throat allows the conical block to adaptively adjust the size of the annular gap between itself and the conical cylinder when the water flow in the inlet pipe surges or drops. This dynamically adjusts the fertilizer absorption resistance, achieving a synchronous linear change in fertilizer absorption and water flow. This effectively solves the problem of unstable mixed solution concentration caused by fluctuations in water flow when using traditional Venturi fertilizer applicators, which cannot dynamically adjust fertilizer absorption resistance. This ensures the uniformity of fertilization and the survival rate of seedlings in green belts.

[0020] 2. In this water and fertilizer irrigation device for seedling cultivation in green belts, rotating the adjustment knob drives the threaded rod to move the positioning plate, thereby changing the compression and preload of the elastic element. This achieves the effect of adjusting the sensitivity of the conical block to changes in the negative pressure of the throat. This allows the device to flexibly adjust the trigger threshold according to different water supply pressure fluctuation scenarios or fertilization precision requirements, further improving the accuracy of water and fertilizer concentration control and the applicability of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the throat tube in this invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the transparent window in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the guide plate in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the cone-shaped block during water filling according to the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the cone-shaped block during fertilization according to the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the state of the conical block when the water flow rate inside the inlet pipe decreases during fertilization, according to the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the state of the conical block when the water flow rate inside the inlet pipe increases during fertilization, according to the present invention. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the state when the positioning plate is adjusted according to the present invention.

[0022] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows: 100. Main pipe; 101. First valve; 102. Inlet pipe; 103. Throat pipe; 104. Second valve; 105. Suction pipe; 106. Filter; 107. Outlet pipe; 200. Conical cylinder; 201. Conical block; 202. Mounting bracket; 203. Fixed sleeve; 204. Movable rod; 205. Elastic element; 206. Guide plate; 207. Guide groove; 300. Positioning plate; 301. Limiting frame; 302. Threaded rod; 303. Adjusting knob; 304. Transparent window. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of this invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0024] Therefore, in response to the problem mentioned above where the traditional Venturi fertilizer applicator cannot dynamically adjust the fertilizer suction resistance, resulting in fluctuations in the water flow rate through the inlet pipe 102 and thus unstable mixed liquor concentration, Example 1, referencing... Figure 1 - Figure 2 As shown, this invention discloses a water and fertilizer irrigation device for seedling cultivation in green belts, including a main pipe 100, a first valve 101 installed on the main pipe 100, and an inlet pipe 102, a throat pipe 103, and an outlet pipe 107 sequentially connected to the main pipe 100. A conical cylinder 200 is fixedly installed on the inlet side of the throat pipe 103, and a conical block 201 is elastically arranged inside the conical cylinder 200. A fertilizer suction pipe 105 is installed at the end of the conical cylinder 200 away from the throat pipe 103 through a second valve 104. The end of the fertilizer suction pipe 105 away from the throat pipe 103 is inserted into an external fertilizer solution tank. The inlet pipe 102, the throat pipe 103, and the outlet pipe 107 are fixedly connected, and the conical block 201 slides inside the conical cylinder 200.

[0025] Furthermore, during fertilization, the first valve 101, acting as a gate or stop valve with flow regulation function, can create a throttling effect upstream of the inlet pipe 102 by slowly closing, artificially increasing the pressure difference before and after the throat 103, ensuring the smooth generation of the Venturi effect and the stability of the negative pressure. The second valve 104 can be a ball valve with low flow resistance and easy to fully open or close. In the fully open state, it can minimize the additional resistance of the pipeline, so that the amount of fertilizer absorbed is completely controlled by the change in the annular gap between the cone block 201 and the cone cylinder 200, eliminating interference from the pipeline valve itself and improving the accuracy of dynamic regulation.

[0026] It should be noted that this device has two operating states: irrigation and fertilization. In irrigation state, the second valve 104 is closed and the first valve 101 is fully open. The water inside the main pipe 100 is free of fertilizer and is used to replenish water to the seedlings in the green belt via drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation. In fertilization state, the first valve 101 is slowly partially closed, and the second valve 104 is fully opened. The water inside the main pipe 100 flows sequentially through the inlet pipe 102, the throat pipe 103, and the outlet pipe 107. The negative pressure generated by the Venturi effect draws the fertilizer solution into the inlet pipe 102, achieving water-fertilizer mixing.

[0027] Furthermore, the inner wall of the conical cylinder 200 and the outer wall of the conical block 201 are both conical structures with matching conical angles, making the change in the annular gap between the conical cylinder 200 and the conical block 201 more linear when the conical block 201 moves. This results in more precise adjustment of fertilizer absorption resistance and further improves the stability of the mixed liquid concentration.

[0028] In the fertilization state, when the water flow in the inlet pipe 102 surges, the negative pressure in the throat 103 increases, and the conical block 201 moves towards the throat 103 under the action of negative pressure. The annular gap between the conical block 201 and the conical cylinder 200 increases, the fertilizer absorption resistance decreases, and the fertilizer absorption amount increases. When the water flow in the inlet pipe 102 decreases sharply, the negative pressure in the throat 103 decreases, the annular gap between the conical block 201 and the conical cylinder 200 decreases, the fertilizer absorption resistance increases, and the fertilizer absorption amount decreases.

[0029] The surge or drop in water flow inside the inlet pipe 102 is mainly related to pressure fluctuations in the water supply system, valve operation, pump start-up and shutdown, and changes in irrigation demand. For example, during green belt irrigation, if multiple drip irrigation tapes or sprinklers are turned on simultaneously, the water flow in the main pipe 100 will surge due to increased demand. If some irrigation units are shut down, the water flow will drop sharply. In addition, unstable pressure in the municipal water supply network and the start-up or shutdown of pumps can also cause sudden changes in the water flow in the inlet pipe 102. These flow fluctuations will cause changes in the negative pressure at the throat 103 of the Venturi fertilizer applicator, thereby affecting the amount of fertilizer absorbed and leading to unstable concentration of the mixed solution.

[0030] Combination Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, a mounting bracket 202 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the conical cylinder 200. A fixing sleeve 203 is fixedly installed on the side of the mounting bracket 202 away from the throat 103. A movable rod 204 is slidably installed inside the fixing sleeve 203. An elastic element 205 is sleeved on the cylinder wall of the fixing sleeve 203, and the end of the movable rod 204 away from the fixing sleeve 203 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the conical block 201. A guide plate 206 is fixedly installed on the rod wall of the movable rod 204, and a guide groove 207 is provided on the inner wall of the fixing sleeve 203 for the guide plate 206 to slide.

[0031] The mounting bracket 202 is used to fix the sleeve 203, ensuring the stable sliding of the movable rod 204. The cooperation between the guide plate 206 and the guide groove 207 prevents the movable rod 204 from shifting during sliding, ensuring the axial movement accuracy of the tapered block 201 and avoiding deviations in the annular gap adjustment.

[0032] Combination Figure 3 As shown, a positioning plate 300 is slidably mounted on the wall of the fixed sleeve 203, and the positioning plate 300 is located on top of the elastic member 205. One end of the elastic member 205 is fixedly connected to the side of the positioning plate 300 away from the throat 103, and the other end of the elastic member 205 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the conical block 201.

[0033] The elastic element 205 is a spring, and its preload can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the positioning plate 300. The magnitude of the preload determines the sensitivity of the conical block 201 to the negative pressure change of the throat 103.

[0034] refer to Figure 3 As shown, a limiting frame 301 for sliding of a positioning plate 300 is fixedly installed on the wall of the conical cylinder 200. A threaded rod 302 is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the limiting frame 301, and the rod wall of the threaded rod 302 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the positioning plate 300. An adjusting knob 303 is fixedly installed at the end of the threaded rod 302, and the adjusting knob 303 is located outside the conical cylinder 200. A groove is provided on the wall of the conical cylinder 200 for the adjusting knob 303 to rotate.

[0035] Specifically, when the adjustment knob 303 is rotated, the threaded rod 302 rotates and drives the positioning plate 300 to slide along the limiting frame 301, thereby changing the compression of the elastic element 205: if the positioning plate 300 moves closer to the throat 103, the compression of the elastic element 205 decreases and the preload decreases. At this time, the cone block 201 only needs a small throat negative pressure to overcome the elastic force of the elastic element 205 and move towards the throat 103, thus increasing the trigger sensitivity (i.e., a small increase in water flow can reduce the fertilizer suction resistance); if the positioning plate 300 moves away from the throat 103, the compression of the elastic element 205 increases and the preload increases. The cone block 201 needs a larger throat negative pressure to move, thus decreasing the trigger sensitivity (i.e., a large increase in water flow is needed to reduce the fertilizer suction resistance).

[0036] In addition, by Figure 4 As can be seen, a transparent window 304 is provided on the outer wall of the limiting frame 301. The transparent window 304 makes it easy for operators to observe the position of the positioning plate 300 and allows users to understand the adjustment status in real time.

[0037] Back to Figure 1 and Figure 2A filter 106 is provided at the end of the fertilizer suction pipe 105 away from the conical cylinder 200. The filter 106 at the end of the fertilizer suction pipe 105 is used to filter impurities in the fertilizer solution, prevent impurities from entering the throat 103 or the fertilizer suction chamber, avoid clogging the fertilizer suction pipe 105 or affecting the generation of the Venturi effect, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the device.

[0038] Furthermore, the dynamic adjustment process of this device relies entirely on the interaction between the negative pressure generated by the water flow itself and the mechanical force of the elastic element 205, requiring no external power supply or electronic sensors. This purely mechanical adaptive structure not only reduces the manufacturing cost of the equipment but also enables it to adapt well to the dispersed, remote outdoor working environment of green belts, where stable power supplies are often lacking. It completely eliminates the problem of electrical components being susceptible to aging and damage from moisture and sunlight. This improves the reliability and weather resistance of the device in harsh outdoor environments, and reduces the deployment cost and subsequent maintenance difficulty of the green belt irrigation system.

[0039] Working principle: In the irrigation state, the second valve 104 is closed and the first valve 101 is fully open. The water in the main pipe 100 does not mix with the fertilizer and is directly used to irrigate the seedlings in the green belt through the drip irrigation system or sprinkler irrigation. In the fertilization state, the first valve 101 is slowly half-closed and the second valve 104 is fully opened. The water in the main pipe 100 flows through the inlet pipe 102, the throat pipe 103 and the outlet pipe 107 in sequence. Using the Venturi effect, a negative pressure is generated at the throat pipe 103, which draws the fertilizer solution from the external fertilizer tank into the inlet pipe 102 through the fertilizer suction pipe 105, thus achieving water and fertilizer mixing.

[0040] During fertilization, when the water flow rate in the inlet pipe 102 surges, the negative pressure in the throat 103 increases. Under this negative pressure, the conical block 201 moves towards the throat 103, increasing the annular gap between the conical block 201 and the conical cylinder 200. This reduces the fertilizer suction resistance and increases the amount of fertilizer absorbed. Conversely, when the water flow rate in the inlet pipe 102 decreases sharply, the negative pressure in the throat 103 decreases, and the pre-tightening force of the elastic element 205 pulls the conical block 201 back. This reduces the annular gap between the conical block 201 and the conical cylinder 200, increasing the fertilizer suction resistance and decreasing the amount of fertilizer absorbed. This dynamic adjustment ensures a linear relationship between the amount of fertilizer absorbed and the water flow rate, solving the problem of unstable mixed solution concentration caused by fixed fertilizer suction resistance in traditional Venturi fertilizer applicators.

[0041] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A water and fertilizer irrigation device for seedling cultivation in green belts, comprising a main pipeline (100), a first valve (101) installed on the main pipeline (100), and an inlet pipe (102), a throat pipe (103), and an outlet pipe (107) sequentially connected to the main pipeline (100), characterized in that: A conical tube (200) is provided on the water inlet side of the throat tube (103), and a conical block (201) is elastically provided inside the conical tube (200). A fertilizer suction tube (105) is provided at the end of the conical tube (200) away from the throat tube (103) through a second valve (104). In the fertilization state, when the water flow in the inlet pipe (102) surges, the negative pressure in the throat pipe (103) increases, and the conical block (201) moves towards the throat pipe (103) under the action of negative pressure. The annular gap between the conical block (201) and the conical cylinder (200) increases, so as to reduce the resistance to fertilizer absorption and increase the amount of fertilizer absorbed. When the water flow in the inlet pipe (102) decreases sharply, the negative pressure in the throat pipe (103) decreases, and the annular gap between the conical block (201) and the conical cylinder (200) decreases, so as to increase the resistance to fertilizer absorption and decrease the amount of fertilizer absorbed.

2. The water and fertilizer irrigation device for seedling cultivation in green belts according to claim 1, characterized in that: An mounting bracket (202) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the conical cylinder (200). A fixed sleeve (203) is fixedly installed on the side of the mounting bracket (202) away from the throat (103). A movable rod (204) is slidably installed inside the fixed sleeve (203). An elastic element (205) is sleeved on the cylinder wall of the fixed sleeve (203), and the end of the movable rod (204) away from the fixed sleeve (203) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the conical block (201).

3. The water and fertilizer irrigation device for seedling cultivation in green belts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide plate (206) is fixedly installed on the wall of the movable rod (204), and the inner wall of the fixed sleeve (203) is provided with a guide groove (207) for the guide plate (206) to slide.

4. The water and fertilizer irrigation device for seedling cultivation in green belts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixed sleeve (203) has a positioning plate (300) slidably mounted on its wall, and the positioning plate (300) is located on top of the elastic member (205).

5. The water and fertilizer irrigation device for seedling cultivation in green belts according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the elastic element (205) is fixedly connected to the side of the positioning plate (300) away from the throat (103), and the other end of the elastic element (205) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the conical block (201).

6. The water and fertilizer irrigation device for seedling cultivation in green belts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The conical tube (200) has a limiting frame (301) fixedly installed on its wall for the positioning plate (300) to slide.

7. The water and fertilizer irrigation device for seedling cultivation in green belts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner wall of the limiting frame (301) is rotatably mounted with a threaded rod (302), and the rod wall of the threaded rod (302) is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the positioning plate (300).

8. The water and fertilizer irrigation device for seedling cultivation in green belts according to claim 7, characterized in that: An adjusting knob (303) is fixedly installed at the end of the threaded rod (302), and the adjusting knob (303) is located outside the conical cylinder (200). The conical cylinder (200) has a groove on its wall for the adjusting knob (303) to rotate.

9. The water and fertilizer irrigation device for seedling cultivation in green belts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer wall of the limiting frame (301) is provided with a transparent window (304).

10. The water and fertilizer irrigation device for seedling cultivation in green belts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter (106) is provided at the end of the fertilizer suction tube (105) away from the conical tube (200).

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