A method for preventing and controlling high wet disease of tree cherry

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of facility agricultural environment regulation and crop green disease and pest control technology, and particularly relates to a method for preventing and controlling high-humidity diseases of arbor cherry. The method comprises: along the vertical height direction of the arbor cherry, the arbor cherry is sequentially divided into a canopy top layer, an arbor middle layer and a ground base layer from top to bottom, and the arbor cherry is subjected to hierarchical light illumination regulation, time-division light illumination regulation and growth period light illumination regulation by using LED composite spectrum, wherein the LED composite spectrum is compounded by red light, blue light and purple light in a specific ratio. The present application is aimed at the characteristics of arbor cherry canopy layer closure and high humidity, and realizes physical bacteriostasis, improvement of plant stress resistance and promotion of transpiration and humidity reduction by means of differential light quality ratio and light intensity regulation, so that the method can effectively prevent and control gray mold and relieve fruit cracking, while giving consideration to photosynthetic accumulation and yield increase, and is suitable for high-humidity disease green prevention and control and high-quality cultivation of arbor cherry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of facility agriculture environmental regulation and crop green pest and disease control technology, specifically involving a method for controlling high humidity diseases in arbor cherry trees. Background Technology

[0002] Greenhouse cultivation is the mainstream model for off-season, intensive, high-quality, and high-yield cultivation of arbor cherries. However, the enclosed environment of greenhouses has poor ventilation and easily accumulates humidity, creating a high-humidity, low-light microenvironment that easily induces fungal diseases such as gray mold. Gray mold can infect cherry flowers, fruits, and young shoots, spreading rapidly and causing severe damage, easily leading to flower and fruit rot and drop, and reduced fruit set. At the same time, the continuous high humidity environment disrupts the fruit's water metabolism balance, causing fruit cracking, severely limiting the yield and commercial quality of greenhouse cherries, and hindering the green and high-quality development of the industry.

[0003] Currently, the control of gray mold in greenhouse cherries still relies primarily on chemical pesticides. While these pesticides are fast-acting and easy to use, effectively controlling the spread of the disease in the short term, long-term, high-frequency application has significant drawbacks. Pesticide residues reduce the safety and commercial value of the fruit, failing to meet the requirements of green production. Continuous use of a single pesticide can easily lead to resistance in gray mold, resulting in diminishing efficacy and increased pesticide costs. Furthermore, pesticide residues can damage the soil and air microecology in greenhouses, causing soil microbial imbalances and environmental pollution, which are detrimental to the sustainable cultivation of greenhouse cherries.

[0004] To overcome the inherent drawbacks of chemical control, residue-free, green, and safe physical control technologies have become a key research focus for disease control in greenhouse crops. Among these technologies, LED light environment regulation technology can regulate crop photosynthetic growth, stress resistance, and pathogen activity through different spectral bands, offering the advantage of "synergistic disease prevention and growth promotion."

[0005] Existing publicly available light regulation solutions are all designed for low-growing, sparsely canopied herbaceous and shrubby crops. Directly applying them to tree-type cherry trees presents fundamental technical shortcomings and cannot meet production needs. Specific problems are as follows: First, cherry trees are tall trees with large, dense canopies and distinct vertical layers. Traditional planar and under-leaf lighting methods have weak penetration capabilities and cannot cover the low-light, high-humidity disease-prone areas in the middle and lower layers of the canopy. This results in a large number of blind spots in light and control, making it difficult to achieve comprehensive disease prevention and stable yield.

[0006] Secondly, high yields of greenhouse cherries rely on a high proportion of red light to ensure photosynthetic accumulation, while disease prevention and crack prevention require a low-humidity environment and highly effective antibacterial conditions. Existing conventional light formulas only focus on increasing yield or inhibiting bacteria, and cannot simultaneously meet the multiple needs of stable yield and quality improvement, gray mold control, and reduction of fruit cracking in cherries.

[0007] Finally, existing technologies mostly use fixed, static light parameters, without dynamically adjusting them based on the photosynthetic characteristics, transpiration patterns, and disease risks of cherry trees at different growth stages. Static light environments easily create a state of high humidity and low evaporation in the facility, which not only inhibits the effectiveness of pathogen control and induces fruit cracking, but also disrupts the tree's physiological rhythm, reduces plant resistance, and exacerbates disease occurrence and quality deterioration.

[0008] In summary, existing chemical control methods suffer from significant problems such as pollution residues and drug resistance. General herbaceous and shrub light regulation technologies have drawbacks including insufficient canopy penetration, limited functionality, rigid regulation, and inability to synergistically increase yield and prevent disease. There is currently no stratified, dynamic light environment control scheme specifically tailored to the plant structure and growth characteristics of arbor cherry trees, making it difficult to address the industry-wide shortcomings of greenhouse cherries, such as frequent diseases in high humidity, high fruit cracking rates, and unstable yield and quality. Therefore, developing a physical stratified control method suitable for arbor cherry trees that can achieve dynamic spectral matching and synergistic light-temperature-humidity control is a pressing technical problem that needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0009] Based on the above technical background, the main objective of this invention is to provide a method for controlling high humidity diseases in arbor cherry trees, so as to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0010] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention includes: This invention provides a method for controlling high humidity diseases in arborescent cherry trees, the method comprising: Along the vertical height of the cherry tree, the cherry tree is divided into the top canopy, the middle canopy, and the ground base from top to bottom. LED composite spectrum is used to control the light of the cherry tree in layers, by time, and by growth period. The LED composite spectrum is obtained by combining red, blue and violet light. Based on the percentage of light quality spectrum integral, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70-85%, blue light accounts for 15-30%, and violet light is no more than 10%.

[0011] Preferably, the peak wavelength of the red light is 660 nm; the peak wavelength of the blue light is 450 nm; and the peak wavelength of the violet light is 405 nm.

[0012] Preferably, the layered light control includes differential light parameter control for the top canopy, middle layer, and ground layer of the cherry tree; Preferably, the time-sharing light control includes differentiating the light parameters of the arbor cherry tree during the day and night; Preferably, the light regulation during the different growth stages includes differentiating the light parameters of the arbor cherry during the vegetative growth stage and the reproductive growth stage.

[0013] More preferably, during the vegetative growth period of arborescent cherry trees, the specific method for controlling the light intensity at the top of the canopy is as follows: The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70-75%, blue light accounts for 20-25%, and violet light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200-400 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 ; The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70-75%, blue light accounts for 20-25%, and violet light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200-400 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0014] More preferably, during the vegetative growth period of the arbor cherry, the specific method for controlling the light intensity in the middle layer of the arbor cherry tree is as follows: The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75-85%, blue light accounts for 15-25%, and violet light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300-600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 ; The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, blue light accounts for 15-25%, violet light accounts for 5-10%, and red light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300-600 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0015] More preferably, during the vegetative growth period of the arborescent cherry, the specific method for controlling the light intensity of the ground layer of the arborescent cherry is as follows: The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the ground-level base are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, blue light accounts for 15-20%, violet light accounts for 5-10%, and red light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400-600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 ; The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the ground-level base layer are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, blue light accounts for 15-20%, violet light accounts for 5-10%, and red light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400-600 μmol·m⁻¹.-2 ·s -1 .

[0016] More preferably, during the reproductive growth period of the cherry tree, the specific method for controlling the light intensity at the top of the cherry tree canopy is as follows: The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70-75%, blue light accounts for 20-30%, and violet light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200-400 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 ; The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70-75%, blue light accounts for 20-30%, and violet light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200-400 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0017] More preferably, during the reproductive growth period of the cherry tree, the specific method for controlling the light intensity of the middle layer of the cherry tree is as follows: The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75-80%, blue light accounts for 20-25%, and violet light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300-600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 ; The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, blue light accounts for 15-25%, violet light accounts for 5-10%, and red light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300-600 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0018] More preferably, during the reproductive growth period of the arborescent cherry tree, the specific method for controlling the light intensity at the base of the arborescent cherry tree is as follows: The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the ground-level base are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, blue light accounts for 15-20%, violet light accounts for 5-10%, and red light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400-600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 ; The LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for nighttime applications near the ground level are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75-80%, blue light accounts for 15-20%, and violet light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400-600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0019] Preferably, during the vegetative growth period of the arbor cherry, the ambient humidity is controlled at <70% and the temperature is controlled at 15-20℃; during the reproductive growth period of the arbor cherry, the ambient humidity is controlled at 60-70% and the temperature is controlled at 18-25℃.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) This invention designs a method for layered and segmented light control of arbor cherry using LED composite spectrum. The LED composite spectrum is obtained by combining red, blue and purple light. Through layered and segmented light control, the problem that herbal light formula cannot penetrate tall canopies is solved, filling the gap in precise control of light environment of Rosaceae arbor crops.

[0021] (2) The purple light in the LED composite spectrum described in this invention has a direct bactericidal effect, which can inhibit mycelial growth by up to 22.3% and lesion inhibition by 36.74% or more. Combined with the plant system resistance induced by the red light in the composite spectrum, it can increase SOD activity by 54.10% or more and POD activity by 69.35% or more. Through the combination of red and purple light, a dual disease prevention system of physical bactericidal and immune enhancement is constructed, which can significantly improve the bactericidal and insect-repellent effects of arbor cherry, which is significantly different from the existing technology that only uses high humidity to repel insects.

[0022] (3) By dynamically adjusting the ratio of red, blue and purple light, this invention can effectively compensate for the light deficit caused by continuous rain. The composite spectrum induces stomatal opening and regulates stomatal conductance through specific light quality, which significantly improves the transpiration rate of cherry trees when the environmental humidity is too high, breaking the physiological dormancy caused by "high humidity and low evaporation". At the same time, it stabilizes the net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency during the flowering and fruiting period, maintains the water balance and osmotic pressure stability inside the fruit, and can alleviate the cherry cracking phenomenon caused by the asynchronous growth of the peel and pulp from the source.

[0023] (4) This invention can effectively improve the antibacterial rate and improve the soluble sugar content, quality and yield of cherries by dynamically and precisely controlling the proportion of red, blue and purple light in the composite spectrum at different growth stages of cherries, and dynamically controlling the temperature and humidity of cherry growth. While improving the antibacterial and insect prevention rate, it can also effectively improve the product quality of cherries. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will now be described in detail, and its features and advantages will become clearer and more apparent from these descriptions.

[0025] This invention provides a method for controlling high humidity diseases in arborescent cherry trees, the method comprising: Along the vertical height of the cherry tree, the cherry tree is divided into the top canopy, the middle canopy, and the base layer near the ground from top to bottom. LED composite spectrum is used to control the light of the cherry tree in layers, by time, and by growth period.

[0026] The LED composite spectrum is obtained by combining red, blue and violet light. Based on the percentage of light quality spectrum integral, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70-85%, blue light accounts for 15-30%, and violet light is no more than 10%.

[0027] The main peak wavelength of the red light is 660 nm. The red light is mainly used to drive photosynthesis and induce systemic resistance. The specific effects of the 660 nm red light are: by increasing the activity of SOD, POD, and CAT antioxidant enzymes in cherry plants, it activates the plant's systemic resistance, thereby improving disease resistance from a physiological level. At the same time, it drives photosynthesis to promote sugar accumulation, thus improving quality and increasing yield.

[0028] The main peak wavelength of the blue light is 450 nm, and it is primarily used to regulate morphogenesis. The specific functions of the 450 nm blue light include: regulating tree morphogenesis, promoting flower bud differentiation, assisting in the regulation of stomatal metabolism, and aiding in antibacterial activity.

[0029] The main peak wavelength of the violet light is 405nm, and it is primarily used for photodynamic sterilization. The specific effects of the 405nm violet light include: stimulating the production of reactive oxygen species from endogenous photosensitive substances in pathogens through photodynamic effects, directly killing gray mold hyphae and spores; simultaneously inducing stomatal opening in cherry leaves, increasing transpiration rates, breaking the physiological dormancy of high humidity and low evaporation, maintaining fruit moisture balance, and alleviating fruit cracking.

[0030] Preferably, the layered light control includes differential light parameter control for the top canopy, middle layer, and ground layer of the cherry tree; Preferably, the time-sharing light control includes differentiating the light parameters of the arbor cherry tree during the day and night; Preferably, the light regulation during the different growth stages includes differentiating the light parameters of the arbor cherry during the vegetative growth stage and the reproductive growth stage.

[0031] This invention employs a layered control method for light regulation of cherry trees. This is because cherry trees are tall with dense canopies, and traditional planar supplemental lighting, such as under-leaf illumination for herbaceous plants or low shrubs, cannot penetrate the light of cherry trees. Therefore, this invention, through the arrangement of lamps and the distribution of light quality, can create three distinct functional light environments within the vertical space of the cherry tree.

[0032] During the vegetative growth period of arbor cherry, the specific methods for stratified and segmented light regulation of arbor cherry are as follows: The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70-75%, blue light accounts for 20-25%, and violet light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200-400 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0033] Preferably, the daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75%, blue light accounts for 25%, and violet light accounts for 0%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200–400 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0034] The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70-75%, blue light accounts for 20-25%, and violet light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200-400 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0035] Preferably, the LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy at night are as follows: based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75%, blue light accounts for 22%, and violet light accounts for 3%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200–400 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0036] The top canopy, located from the middle to the top of the cherry tree, consists of perennial main branches and current-year vigorous shoots. It intercepts most direct sunlight and is the primary area for photosynthetic products. The LED composite spectrum in the top canopy is mainly red light, followed by blue light, with a small amount of violet light. Utilizing a higher concentration of blue light from an artificial light source can drive transpiration in the top canopy, promoting the accumulation of secondary metabolites. The height of the top canopy accounts for 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the total height of the cherry tree; preferably, the height of the top canopy accounts for 1 / 4 of the total height.

[0037] The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75-85%, blue light accounts for 15-25%, and violet light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300-600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0038] Preferably, the daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 80%, blue light accounts for 15%, and violet light accounts for 5%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300–600 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0039] The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, blue light accounts for 15-25%, violet light accounts for 5-10%, and red light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300-600 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0040] Preferably, the LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees at night are as follows: based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75%, blue light accounts for 15%, and violet light accounts for 10%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300–600 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0041] The middle section of the cherry tree, containing the main fruiting branches, is susceptible to canopy closure, resulting in weaker light and higher humidity, making it a high-risk area for gray mold. In this invention, the proportion of violet light in the LED composite spectrum is significantly increased. Increasing the proportion of violet light helps control the occurrence of cherry gray mold, while a stable proportion of blue light promotes stomatal opening. This invention utilizes the photothermal effect of the LED composite spectrum to assist in reducing humidity. The height of the middle fruiting section accounts for 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the total height of the cherry tree; preferably, the height of the middle fruiting section accounts for 1 / 2 of the total height of the cherry tree.

[0042] The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the ground-level base are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, blue light accounts for 15-20%, violet light accounts for 5-10%, and red light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400-600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0043] Preferably, the daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the ground-level base layer are as follows: based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 80%, blue light accounts for 15%, and violet light accounts for 5%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400–600 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0044] The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the ground-level base layer are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, blue light accounts for 15-20%, violet light accounts for 5-10%, and red light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400-600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0045] Preferably, the nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the ground-level base layer are as follows: based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70%, blue light accounts for 20%, and violet light accounts for 10%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400–600 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0046] The ground layer, located close to the facility surface and between the facility surface and the middle section of the cherry tree, is where the branches and weeds near the ground are typically pruned and weeded to maintain ventilation and prevent excessive humidity that could lead to disease. Since the ground layer is often shaded, resulting in poor light conditions, increasing the proportion of red light in the ground layer can drive photosynthesis and promote sugar accumulation, while a stable proportion of violet light can maintain physical bactericidal effects. The height of the ground layer should be 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the total height of the cherry tree; preferably, it should be 1 / 4.

[0047] During the reproductive growth period of arborescent cherry, the specific methods for stratified and segmented light regulation of arborescent cherry are as follows: The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70-75%, blue light accounts for 20-30%, and violet light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200-400 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0048] Preferably, the daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75%, blue light accounts for 23%, and violet light accounts for 2%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200–400 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0049] The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70-75%, blue light accounts for 20-30%, and violet light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200-400 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0050] Preferably, the LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy at night are as follows: based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70%, blue light accounts for 25%, and violet light accounts for 5%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200–400 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0051] The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75-80%, blue light accounts for 20-25%, and violet light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300-600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0052] Preferably, the daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75%, blue light accounts for 20%, and violet light accounts for 5%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300–600 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0053] The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, blue light accounts for 15-25%, violet light accounts for 5-10%, and red light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300-600 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0054] Preferably, the LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees at night are as follows: based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70%, blue light accounts for 20%, and violet light accounts for 10%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300–600 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0055] The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the ground-level base are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, blue light accounts for 15-20%, violet light accounts for 5-10%, and red light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400-600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0056] Preferably, the daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the ground layer are as follows: based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75%, blue light accounts for 17%, and violet light accounts for 8%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400–600 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0057] The LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for nighttime applications near the ground level are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75-80%, blue light accounts for 15-20%, and violet light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400-600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0058] Preferably, the LED composite spectrum illumination conditions at night for the ground layer are as follows: based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75%, blue light accounts for 15%, and violet light accounts for 10%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400–600 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0059] The effects of red, blue, and violet light in the LED composite spectrum of this invention on plant growth and on gray mold are shown in Table 1.

[0060] Table 1

[0061] This invention achieves complementary advantages of the three light qualities by compounding red, blue, and violet light in a specific ratio and adjusting the ratio of the compound spectrum for different times, growth stages, and growth layers: red light is used to ensure yield and system resistance, blue light is used to regulate morphology, and violet light is used for physical sterilization and to solve the problem of fruit cracking. The three work together to overcome the technical bottleneck that herbaceous and shrub light formulas cannot be directly applied to arbor cherry trees.

[0062] In addition to tiered and segmented light regulation, temperature and humidity are also synergistically regulated for arborescent cherry trees, forming a light-temperature-humidity synergistic control system. This system enables coordinated management of supplemental lighting, ventilation, and temperature and humidity. During the vegetative growth stage of arborescent cherry trees, the ambient humidity is controlled at <70%, and the temperature is controlled at 15–20℃. During the reproductive growth stage of arborescent cherry trees, the ambient humidity is controlled at 60–70%, and the temperature is controlled at 18–25℃.

[0063] Example The present invention is further illustrated below with specific examples. These embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The following examples and comparative examples all use the "Meizao" cherry variety for testing.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] A method for controlling high humidity disease in arborescent cherry trees, the method comprising: Along the vertical direction of the cherry tree, it is divided into three layers from top to bottom: the top canopy, the middle canopy, and the base layer. LED composite spectrum is used to regulate the cherry tree's light exposure in three layers, by time of day, and by growth stage. The main peak wavelength of the red light is 660 nm, the main peak wavelength of the blue light is 450 nm, and the main peak wavelength of the violet light is 405 nm.

[0066] Specific stratified control methods include: implementing stratified and staggered light regulation during the vegetative and reproductive growth stages of the cherry tree. The specific operational methods are as follows: During the vegetative growth period of arbor cherry, the specific methods for stratified and segmented light regulation of arbor cherry are as follows: The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75%, blue light for 25%, and violet light for 0%. The light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200–400 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0067] The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75%, blue light for 22%, and violet light for 3%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200–400 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0068] The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 80%, blue light accounts for 15%, and violet light accounts for 5%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300–600 μmol·m.-2 ·s -1 .

[0069] The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75%, blue light for 15%, and violet light for 10%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300–600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0070] The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the ground-level base are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 80%, blue light for 15%, and violet light for 5%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400–600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0071] The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the ground-level base layer are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70%, blue light for 20%, and violet light for 10%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400–600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0072] During the reproductive growth period of arborescent cherry, the specific methods for stratified and segmented light regulation of arborescent cherry are as follows: The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75%, blue light accounts for 23%, and violet light accounts for 2%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200–400 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0073] The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70%, blue light for 25%, and violet light for 5%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200–400 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0074] The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75%, blue light accounts for 20%, and violet light accounts for 5%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300–600 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0075] The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70%, blue light for 20%, and violet light for 10%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300–600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0076] The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the ground-level base are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75%, blue light for 17%, and violet light for 8%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400–600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0077] The LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for nighttime applications near the ground level are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75%, blue light for 15%, and violet light for 10%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400–600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0078] Example 2

[0079] A method for controlling high humidity disease in arborescent cherry trees, the method comprising: Along the vertical direction of the cherry tree, it is divided into three layers from top to bottom: the top canopy, the middle canopy, and the base layer. LED composite spectrum is used to regulate the cherry tree's light exposure in three layers, by time of day, and by growth stage. The main peak wavelength of the red light is 660 nm, the main peak wavelength of the blue light is 450 nm, and the main peak wavelength of the violet light is 405 nm.

[0080] Specific stratified control methods include: implementing stratified and staggered light regulation during the vegetative and reproductive growth stages of the cherry tree. The specific operational methods are as follows: During the vegetative growth period of arbor cherry, the specific methods for stratified and segmented light regulation of arbor cherry are as follows: The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70%, blue light accounts for 25%, and violet light accounts for 5%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200–400 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0081] The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75%, blue light for 20%, and violet light for 5%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200–400 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0082] The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75%, blue light accounts for 20%, and violet light accounts for 5%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300–600 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0083] The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75%, blue light for 15%, and violet light for 10%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300–600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0084] The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the ground-level base are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70%, blue light for 20%, and violet light for 10%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400–600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0085] The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the ground-level base layer are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75%, blue light for 15%, and violet light for 10%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400–600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0086] During the reproductive growth period of arborescent cherry, the specific methods for stratified and segmented light regulation of arborescent cherry are as follows: The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70%, blue light for 30%, and violet light for 0%. The light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200–400 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0087] The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70%, blue light for 25%, and violet light for 5%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200–400 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0088] The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70%, blue light accounts for 25%, and violet light accounts for 5%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300–600 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0089] The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75%, blue light for 15%, and violet light for 10%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300–600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0090] The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the ground-level base are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75%, blue light for 20%, and violet light for 5%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400–600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0091] The LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for nighttime applications near the ground level are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75%, blue light for 15%, and violet light for 10%, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400–600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0092] Comparative Example Comparative Example 1 No light control methods were used for the cherry trees; natural light was used instead.

[0093] Comparative Example 2 The control of arbor cherry was carried out in a similar manner to that in Example 1, except that: instead of stratified light regulation, light regulation was carried out on arbor cherry only in different time periods and different growth stages.

[0094] The specific prevention and control methods include the following operational steps: During the vegetative growth period of arborescent cherry trees, the specific methods for controlling light intensity during different time periods are as follows: The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for cherry trees were as follows: 100% full spectrum light quality, and LED composite spectrum light intensity of 200–400 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0095] The LED composite spectral illumination conditions for cherry trees at night were as follows: 100% full spectrum of light quality, and 200–400 μmol·m² light intensity of the LED composite spectrum. -2 ·s -1 .

[0096] During the reproductive growth period of the arborescent cherry tree, the specific methods for controlling light intensity during different time periods are as follows: The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for cherry trees were as follows: 100% full spectrum light quality, and LED composite spectrum light intensity of 200–400 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0097] The LED composite spectral illumination conditions for cherry trees at night were as follows: 100% full spectrum of light quality, and 200–400 μmol·m² light intensity of the LED composite spectrum. -2 ·s -1 .

[0098] Comparative Example 3 The control measures for arborescent cherry trees were carried out in a manner similar to that in Example 1, except that instead of controlling the light intensity of arborescent cherry trees by time period, only stratified light intensity control and light intensity control by growth period were implemented.

[0099] The specific prevention and control methods include the following operational steps: During the vegetative growth period of arborescent cherry trees, the specific method for stratified light regulation of arborescent cherry trees is as follows: The LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: the light quality spectrum is 100% full spectrum, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200–400 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0100] The LED composite spectral illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: the light quality spectrum is 100% full spectrum, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300–600 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0101] The illumination conditions for LED composite spectrum near the ground layer are as follows: with 100% full spectrum light quality, the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400–600 μmol·m. -2 ·s-1 .

[0102] During the reproductive growth period of arborescent cherry trees, the specific method for stratified light regulation of arborescent cherry trees is as follows: The LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: the light quality spectrum is 100% full spectrum, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200–400 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0103] The LED composite spectral illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: the light quality spectrum is 100% full spectrum, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300–600 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0104] The illumination conditions for LED composite spectrum near the ground layer are as follows: with 100% full spectrum light quality, the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400–600 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0105] Comparative Example 4 The control measures for arborescent cherry trees were carried out in a manner similar to that in Example 1, except that: instead of controlling the light intensity during the growth period of arborescent cherry trees, only stratified light intensity control and time-separated light intensity control were implemented.

[0106] The specific prevention and control methods include the following operational steps: The specific methods for stratified and segmented light regulation of arbor cherry trees are as follows: The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: 100% full spectrum light quality, and LED composite spectrum light intensity of 200–400 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

[0107] The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: 100% full spectrum light quality, and LED composite spectrum light intensity of 200–400 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0108] The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: the light quality spectrum is 100% full spectrum, and the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300–600 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0109] The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: 100% full spectrum light quality, and LED composite spectrum light intensity of 300–600 μmol·m.-2 ·s -1 .

[0110] The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the ground-level base are as follows: with a light quality spectrum of 100% full spectrum, the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400–600 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0111] The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the ground-level base layer are as follows: with a light quality spectrum of 100% full spectrum, the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400–600 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

[0112] Experimental Example Experimental Example 1: Tests on diseased fruit rate, cracked fruit rate, and soluble sugar content. The disease rate, cracking rate, and soluble sugar content of the control methods used in Examples 1, 2, and Comparative Examples 1-4 were tested. Five days after inoculating the cherry trees cultivated in each example and comparative example with *Botrytis cinerea*, the disease rate was tested. The test method was as follows: Fruits from fruiting branches with uniform growth in each example and comparative example were artificially inoculated with a suspension of *Botrytis cinerea* spores (concentration 1×10⁻⁶). 6 (CFU / mL) After inoculation, the fruits were cultured for 5 days under the corresponding temperature and humidity conditions of each example and comparative example. The total number of fruits and the number of diseased fruits were counted. Calculation formula: Disease rate (%) = Number of diseased fruits / Total number of fruits surveyed × 100%. Test standard: The lower the disease rate, the better the control effect of gray mold.

[0113] Fruit cracking rate test method: At the full ripening stage, 100 fruits from each example and comparative group were randomly selected, and the number of cracked fruits was investigated (cracked peel and exposed flesh were counted as cracked fruits). Calculation formula: Fruit cracking rate (%) = Number of cracked fruits / Total number of fruits investigated × 100%. Test standard: The lower the fruit cracking rate, the better the anti-cracking effect.

[0114] Soluble sugar test method: The soluble sugar content of fruit was determined by the anthrone colorimetric method: Cherry pulp homogenate from each example and comparative group was extracted by boiling water bath, anthrone reagent was added for color development, and the absorbance at 630 nm was measured using a UV spectrophotometer. The soluble sugar content was calculated by referring to the standard curve. Unit: g / 100g FW (fresh weight). Test standard: The higher the soluble sugar content, the better the fruit quality. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0115] Table 2

[0116] As shown in Table 2, the gray mold disease rate of cherries cultivated using the control methods described in Examples 1 and 2 was below 8%, the fruit cracking rate was below 9%, the combined disease and crack rate was below 9.5%, and the soluble sugar content was above 15.72 g / 100g. The disease and cracking rates of cherries cultivated using the methods described in Examples 1 and 2 were significantly lower than those cultivated using the methods described in Comparative Examples 1 to 4, while the soluble sugar content of cherries cultivated using the methods described in Examples 1 and 2 was higher. These results indicate that the stratified control method described in this invention can significantly improve the fungicidal and insecticidal effects on arbor cherry trees, effectively control gray mold, alleviate fruit cracking, and simultaneously improve the soluble sugar content of cherry fruit, thus enhancing cherry quality.

[0117] Compared with Example 1, Comparative Examples 2-4 showed that Comparative Example 2 did not involve stratified light regulation of arborescent cherry, but only stratified light regulation and light regulation at different growth stages; Comparative Example 3 did not involve stratified light regulation of arborescent cherry, but only stratified light regulation and light regulation at different growth stages; and Comparative Example 4 did not involve light regulation at different growth stages, but only stratified light regulation and light regulation at different stages. The results showed that the disease rate and cracking rate of Comparative Examples 2-4 were significantly higher than those of Example 1, and the soluble sugar content of Comparative Examples 2-4 was significantly lower than that of Example 1. These results indicate that stratified light regulation, stratified light regulation, and light regulation at different growth stages are all indispensable in the control method described in this invention. Only by combining these three regulation methods can the control effect of gray mold be improved, the incidence of cracking be alleviated, and the sugar content and quality of arborescent cherry be increased.

[0118] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to specific embodiments and exemplary examples; however, these descriptions should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that various equivalent substitutions, modifications, or improvements can be made to the technical solutions and embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such modifications and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for controlling high humidity diseases in arborescent cherry trees, characterized in that, The prevention and control methods include: Along the vertical height of the cherry tree, the cherry tree is divided into the top canopy, the middle canopy, and the ground base from top to bottom. LED composite spectrum is used to control the light of the cherry tree in layers, by time, and by growth period. The LED composite spectrum is obtained by combining red, blue and violet light. Based on the percentage of light quality spectrum integral, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70-85%, blue light accounts for 15-30%, and violet light is no more than 10%.

2. The prevention and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wavelength of the red light main peak is 660 nm; The peak wavelength of the blue light is 450 nm. The main peak wavelength of the violet light is 405nm.

3. The prevention and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The layered light control includes differential light parameter control for the top canopy, middle layer, and ground layer of cherry trees; The aforementioned light regulation includes differentiating the light parameters of arbor cherry trees during the day and night; The aforementioned light regulation during the different growth stages includes differentiating light parameters for arborescent cherry trees during their vegetative and reproductive growth stages.

4. The prevention and control method according to claim 3, characterized in that, During the vegetative growth period of arborescent cherry trees, the specific method for controlling the light intensity at the top of the tree canopy is as follows: The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70-75%, blue light accounts for 20-25%, and violet light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200-400 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 ; The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70-75%, blue light accounts for 20-25%, and violet light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200-400 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

5. The prevention and control method according to claim 3, characterized in that, During the vegetative growth period of arborescent cherry trees, the specific method for controlling the light intensity in the middle layer of the arborescent cherry tree is as follows: The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75-85%, blue light accounts for 15-25%, and violet light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300-600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 ; The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, blue light accounts for 15-25%, violet light accounts for 5-10%, and red light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300-600 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

6. The prevention and control method according to claim 3, characterized in that, During the vegetative growth period of arborescent cherry trees, the specific method for controlling the amount of light on the ground surface of arborescent cherry trees is as follows: The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the ground-level base are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, blue light accounts for 15-20%, violet light accounts for 5-10%, and red light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400-600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 ; Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, blue light accounts for 15-20%, violet light accounts for 5-10%, and red light accounts for the remainder. The light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400-600 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

7. The prevention and control method according to claim 3, characterized in that, During the reproductive growth period of arborescent cherry trees, the specific method for controlling the light intensity at the top of the tree canopy is as follows: The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70-75%, blue light accounts for 20-30%, and violet light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200-400 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 ; The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the top of the tree canopy are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 70-75%, blue light accounts for 20-30%, and violet light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 200-400 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

8. The prevention and control method according to claim 3, characterized in that, During the reproductive growth period of the cherry tree, the specific method for controlling the light intensity of the middle layer of the cherry tree is as follows: The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75-80%, blue light accounts for 20-25%, and violet light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300-600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 ; The nighttime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the middle layer of trees are as follows: based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, blue light accounts for 15-25%, violet light accounts for 5-10%, and red light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 300-600 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

9. The prevention and control method according to claim 3, characterized in that, During the reproductive growth period of the cherry tree, the specific method for controlling the light intensity at the base of the cherry tree is as follows: The daytime LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for the ground-level base are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, blue light accounts for 15-20%, violet light accounts for 5-10%, and red light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400-600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 ; The LED composite spectrum illumination conditions for nighttime applications near the ground level are as follows: Based on the percentage of light quality spectral integrals, with the sum of the percentages of each light quality being 100%, red light accounts for 75-80%, blue light accounts for 15-20%, and violet light accounts for the remainder; the light intensity of the LED composite spectrum is 400-600 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 ·s -1 .

10. The prevention and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the vegetative growth period of arbor cherry, control the ambient humidity to <70% and the temperature to 15-20℃; During the reproductive growth period of arborescent cherry, the ambient humidity should be controlled at 60-70% and the temperature at 18-25℃.

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