A tree hole repairing method with reduced damage to ancient trees and famous trees

Abstract

The application discloses a tree hole repairing mode with reduced ancient tree and famous tree damage as a precondition and relates to the technical field of ancient tree and famous tree repairing, which comprises the following steps of S1, early-stage survey and debridement, adopting nondestructive testing technology to survey the internal condition of the tree hole and establishing a three-dimensional data file, using a special debridement device to remove rotten tissues inside the tree hole and dead skin at the hole mouth, and then spraying a composite sterilization and disinfection agent, ventilating and drying after disinfection; the three-dimensional file of the tree hole is established by the nondestructive testing technology, the special flexible debridement device is matched, metal tools are avoided to scratch, gentle and accurate debridement is realized, the composite sterilization and disinfection agent is used for omnibearing treatment, the disease bacteria residues and diffusion are blocked, the layered filling structure of the air-permeable drainage layer and the ecological repairing substrate is adopted, drainage, air permeability and stable support are considered, the defects of traditional repairing, such as easy cracking and non-air permeability, are solved, and the mixture of the tree renewable tissue and the humus bacteria agent and peat soil is smeared to stimulate the self-healing capacity of the tree body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ancient and famous tree restoration technology, specifically a tree cavity restoration method based on reducing damage to ancient and famous trees. Background Technology

[0002] Ancient and famous trees refer to trees that are 100 years old or older, or that have special value in terms of historical heritage, cultural symbolism, and ecological research. They are precious resources nurtured by the long-term evolution of nature and the development of human civilization. They are not only an important part of the ecosystem, carrying the ecological functions of regulating climate, conserving water resources, and maintaining biodiversity, but also record regional historical changes and carry the cultural memory of the nation. They are non-renewable and irreplaceable.

[0003] Tree cavities in ancient and famous trees are hollow structures formed during their growth due to factors such as pests and diseases, natural disasters, human damage, and aging, resulting in the decay and shedding of the xylem in the trunk. The presence of tree cavities disrupts the tree's structural integrity, reduces trunk strength, and increases the risk of collapse. Simultaneously, the dark and damp environment inside the cavities accelerates the spread of xylem decay, fosters the growth of pathogens and pests, further erodes healthy tissue, and hinders the transport of nutrients and water from the roots to the canopy, seriously threatening the lifespan of ancient and famous trees and even causing their death. Therefore, tree cavity restoration is a core aspect of the protection of ancient and famous trees, playing a crucial role in maintaining their survival and preserving their historical, cultural, and ecological value.

[0004] However, existing tree cavity restoration techniques still have certain shortcomings and are difficult to meet the protection needs of ancient and famous trees. Cement sealing uses rigid materials with extremely poor toughness, making it prone to cracking due to tree growth and shrinkage and changes in environmental temperature. It is also completely impermeable, causing the internal gas exchange to be impossible and moisture to accumulate, which exacerbates the decay of the wood. Traditional single-material fillers have insufficient bonding strength and cannot adapt to the irregular and complex structure inside the tree cavity. They are prone to falling off after long-term use and are difficult to form effective and stable support. Bark splicing lacks a reliable internal support structure, has weak resistance to wind and rain erosion, and does not consider the tree's healing needs. After restoration, the wound heals slowly and is susceptible to re-infestation by pests and diseases. Existing technologies generally ignore the characteristics of ancient and famous trees, such as their fragility and the need to protect their historical traces. The use of metal tools during the cleaning process can easily scratch healthy bark and wood. The filling and fixing methods can also easily damage the original shape and bark texture of ancient trees, causing secondary damage. This violates the core principles of the protection of ancient and famous trees, resulting in poor restoration effects and short service life. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a tree cavity restoration method that minimizes damage to ancient and famous trees. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a tree cavity repair method that minimizes damage to ancient and famous trees. It utilizes non-destructive testing technology to create a three-dimensional file of the tree cavity, coupled with a specialized flexible debridement device for gentle and precise cleaning. A comprehensive treatment with a compound bactericidal and disinfectant agent prevents the retention and spread of pathogens. A layered filling structure combining a breathable and drainage layer with an ecological restoration substrate balances drainage and ventilation with stable support. Applying a mixture of tree regenerative tissue, humus-based fungicides, and peat moss stimulates the tree's self-healing ability and accelerates callus regeneration. Simulated bark coverage and flexible suturing techniques protect the original shape and texture of the ancient tree. Subsequent dynamic monitoring and maintenance ensure the repaired area and the tree grow synergistically, significantly reducing secondary damage.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for repairing tree cavities that aims to reduce damage to ancient and famous trees, comprising the following steps: S1. Preliminary survey and debridement: Non-destructive testing technology is used to survey the internal condition of the tree cavity and establish a three-dimensional data file. A special debridement device is used to remove rotten tissue inside the tree cavity and dead skin at the entrance. After spraying with a compound bactericidal disinfectant, the tree cavity is ventilated and dried. S2. Layered filling: Lay a breathable and drainage layer at the bottom of the tree cavity, fill the middle layer with ecological restoration substrate, and apply a mixture of tree regenerative tissue, humus fungicide and peat soil to the inner wall of the tree cavity and the contact surface with the restoration material. S3. Tree cavity sealing and fixation: Use simulated bark material that matches the bark of the ancient tree to cover the surface and fix it with environmentally friendly adhesive. Use flexible stitching method for specific scenarios. S4. Subsequent maintenance: Monitor the growth status of the tree around the tree hole and adjust the maintenance plan accordingly.

[0007] Furthermore, step S1, during the preliminary survey and debridement, includes the following steps: Ground-penetrating radar or ultrasonic non-destructive testing technology is used to collect data on the size of the cavity, the extent of decay, and the health status of the xylem inside the tree cavity. Three-dimensional data archives of the tree cavity are then established using three-dimensional modeling technology. Install the compatible fan blades onto the dedicated debridement device. Gradually adjust the depth of the fan blades by using an external control turntable. Start the fan blades to rotate upwards to remove rotten tissue and dead skin from the opening. The base tray catches any falling debris throughout the process. Use a compound bactericide and disinfectant such as carbendazim to spray the inside wall and edges of the tree hole after cleaning, and allow it to ventilate naturally for 48 hours until the agent is completely dry.

[0008] Furthermore, the dedicated wound cleaning device used in step S1 includes an external control turntable, an elastic telescopic piston between the support rod and the rotating wheel, detachable fan blades with brush and felt material, a detachable piston between the base and the rotating wheel, and a base tray. The elastic telescopic piston connects the support rod and the rotating wheel, the detachable fan blades are connected to the rotating wheel through a snap-fit ​​structure, and the detachable piston connects the base and the rotating wheel.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S1, the blades of the special debridement device can be replaced with different diameter specifications according to the actual size of the tree hole. The blade diameter range is 10-50cm. The base is connected to the rotating wheel through a piston structure. The piston structure includes a piston body, a sealing gasket, and a locking bolt. The base can be quickly assembled and disassembled from the rotating wheel through this piston structure.

[0010] Furthermore, step S2 includes the following steps when performing layered filling: Lightweight porous ceramsite and biochar are selected, dried, and then mixed to form a breathable and drainage layer, which is then laid at the bottom of the tree cavity. The ecological restoration substrate is prepared by mixing plant fiber, environmentally friendly resin and humus in a 3:4:3 ratio and stirring until uniform. It is then filled on top of the breathable and drainage layer to form a middle layer. Using the healthy tissue of the ancient tree itself as the seed source, the tree's regenerative tissue is pre-cultured, mixed evenly with humus inoculants and peat soil, and then evenly applied to the contact surface between the inner wall of the tree cavity and the ecological restoration substrate using a brush.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S2, the breathable and drainage layer is made by mixing ceramsite with a particle size of 2-3 cm and biochar in a 1:1 ratio. Both the ceramsite and biochar are dried before mixing. During the mixing process, the mixture is stirred until it is evenly dispersed, and the thickness of the layer is 10-20 cm.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S2, the plant fiber of the ecological restoration substrate is flax fiber, the environmentally friendly resin is water-based epoxy resin, and the humus is humus made from decomposed fallen leaves.

[0013] Furthermore, step S3, when sealing and securing the tree cavity, includes the following steps: Simulated bark material matching the texture and color of ancient tree bark is selected to cover the surface of the tree cavity, and natural resin is used to fill the fine gaps point by point; By using environmentally friendly adhesives to fix the simulated bark at multiple points along the edges and center, the simulated bark can be made to adhere to the original tree body. For longitudinal cracks in tree trunks, small cavities with a diameter of less than 15cm, or scenarios requiring flexible fixation, interrupted sutures or figure-eight sutures are used. Fresh moss is placed at the point where the sutures contact the tree body, and the stitch spacing is controlled at 5-8cm while adjusting the tightness of the sutures.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S3, the thickness of the fresh moss used for flexible suturing is 1-2 mm, the suture is made of natural flax thread, and the tightness of the suture is such that the edges are fixed without loosening and without compressing the tree.

[0015] Furthermore, the subsequent maintenance in step S4 includes monitoring the tree's growth status once a month. The monitoring content includes the growth of callus tissue at the edge of the tree cavity, the adhesion of the repaired area, and the color of the tree leaves. Based on the monitoring results, an amino acid nutrient agent is sprayed once a month at a concentration of 5%-8%.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, this tree cavity restoration method, which aims to reduce damage to ancient and famous trees, has the following beneficial effects: This invention establishes a three-dimensional file of the tree cavity using non-destructive testing technology, combined with a specialized flexible debridement device to avoid scratches from metal tools, achieving gentle and precise debridement. A comprehensive treatment with a compound bactericidal and disinfectant agent prevents the residue and spread of pathogens. A layered filling structure of breathable and drainage layer and ecological restoration substrate balances drainage and breathability with stable support, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional restoration methods such as cracking and lack of breathability. By applying a mixture of tree regenerative tissue, humus-based fungicides, and peat moss, the tree's own healing ability is stimulated, accelerating callus regeneration. Simulated bark covering and flexible suturing techniques protect the original shape and texture of the ancient tree. Subsequent dynamic monitoring and maintenance ensure the synergistic growth of the repaired area and the tree, significantly reducing secondary damage and effectively extending the lifespan of ancient and famous trees.

[0017] Other advantages, objectives and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination or study, or may be learned from the practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a tree cavity repair method aimed at minimizing damage to ancient and famous trees; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a tree cavity restoration method designed to minimize damage to ancient and famous trees. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0021] This invention provides a tree cavity repair method that aims to reduce damage to ancient and famous trees. It addresses problems such as secondary damage, cracking, and poor ventilation caused by traditional repair methods. The core focus is on gentle repair and stimulating the tree's self-healing ability, as detailed below: See Figure 1 and Figure 2 The technical solution comprises four core steps. The first step is preliminary surveying and debridement, using ground-penetrating radar or ultrasonic non-destructive testing technology to collect data on the size of the tree cavity, the extent of decay, and the health of the xylem, establishing a three-dimensional data archive. A specialized flexible debridement device is used to remove decayed tissue and dead skin from the cavity opening. The device's blades are made of brush and felt, and can be replaced with different diameters from 10-50cm. A base tray catches impurities, preventing scratches from metal tools. Subsequently, a compound fungicide such as carbendazim is sprayed comprehensively, followed by natural ventilation for 48 hours until completely dry.

[0022] The second step is layered filling. The bottom layer is a breathable and drainage layer, made from a 1:1 dry mixture of 2-3cm diameter expanded clay pebbles and biochar, 10-20cm thick. The middle layer is filled with an ecological restoration substrate, made from flax fiber, water-based epoxy resin, and well-rotted leaf humus mixed in a 3:4:3 ratio. Simultaneously, a mixture of regenerative tree tissue cultured from healthy ancient tree tissue, humus-based microbial agents, and peat moss is evenly applied to the inner walls of the tree cavity and the contact surface with the restoration substrate to stimulate healing.

[0023] The third step is to seal and fix the tree cavity. Simulated bark matching the texture and color of the ancient tree's bark is used for covering, and multiple points are fixed with environmentally friendly adhesive, with gaps filled with natural resin. For longitudinal cracks in the trunk and small cavities less than 15cm in diameter, flexible suturing is used with natural linen thread. 1-2mm of fresh moss is placed at the contact points, and the stitch spacing is controlled at 5-8cm. The tightness is adjusted to ensure a secure fix without loosening or compressing the tree.

[0024] The fourth step is follow-up maintenance. Monitor the growth of callus tissue at the edge of the tree cavity, the adhesion of the repaired area, and the color of the leaves every month. Based on the results, spray a 5%-8% concentration of amino acid nutrient solution once a month to ensure that the repaired area and the tree grow together.

[0025] This solution balances drainage and ventilation with stable support, avoids secondary damage, effectively blocks the spread of pathogens, accelerates tree healing, and extends the lifespan of ancient and famous trees. Example

[0026] This embodiment targets a medium-sized tree cavity with a diameter of 20cm (no longitudinal cracks, but concentrated decay of the xylem). It employs non-destructive testing with ground-penetrating radar, debridement with a 20cm diameter brush felt material, disinfection with a compound fungicide such as carbendazim, a 15cm thick layer of expanded clay pebbles and biochar for breathability and drainage, and a standard-ratio ecological restoration substrate. The cavity is then sealed with simulated bark and environmentally friendly adhesive, combined with a 6% concentration of amino acid nutrients for maintenance, achieving gentle restoration and synergistic growth of the tree.

[0027] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 The complete technical solution of this embodiment is as follows: S1. Preliminary Survey and Debridement: Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) non-destructive testing technology is used to collect data on the size of the tree cavity, the extent of decay, and the health status of the xylem. A 3D data archive of the tree cavity is then created using 3D modeling technology. A detachable fan blade made of 20cm diameter felt is selected and installed on a specialized debridement device. The depth of the fan blade insertion is gradually adjusted via an external control dial. The fan blade rotates upwards to remove decayed tissue and dead skin at the cavity entrance, while a base tray catches any falling debris. A compound fungicide, such as carbendazim, is then sprayed thoroughly on the inner walls and edges of the tree cavity after debridement. The cavity is then allowed to ventilate naturally for 48 hours until the agent is completely dry.

[0028] S2. Layered Filling: Select 2-3cm diameter expanded clay and biochar, dry them, and mix them in a 1:1 ratio to form a breathable and drainage layer. Lay this layer at the bottom of the tree cavity to a thickness of 15cm. Prepare an ecological restoration substrate by mixing flax fiber, water-based epoxy resin, and well-rotted leaf humus in a 3:4:3 ratio and stirring until homogeneous. Fill this substrate above the breathable and drainage layer to form a middle layer. Pre-cultivate regenerative tree tissue using the healthy tissue of the ancient tree as a seed source. Mix this tissue evenly with humus inoculants and peat moss, and apply it evenly to the contact surface between the tree cavity wall and the ecological restoration substrate using a brush.

[0029] S3. Sealing and fixing the tree cavity: Select simulated bark material with the same texture and color as the ancient tree bark to cover the surface of the tree cavity. Use natural resin to fill the gaps point by point. Use environmentally friendly adhesive to fix it at multiple points along the edge and middle of the simulated bark so that the simulated bark fits tightly with the original tree.

[0030] S4. Subsequent maintenance: Monitor the tree's growth status once a month. The monitoring content includes the growth of callus tissue at the edge of the tree cavity, the adhesion of the repaired area, and the color of the tree leaves. Based on the monitoring results, spray a 6% amino acid nutrient solution once a month.

[0031] In summary, this embodiment addresses medium-sized, conventional tree cavities by employing precise, non-destructive testing and a suitable flexible debridement device to achieve debridement without secondary scratching. The layered filling structure balances drainage and aeration with support, while the mixture of regenerative tree tissue effectively stimulates the tree's self-healing ability. Six months post-repair, callus tissue covers over 80% of the tree cavity's edge, with no cracking or water accumulation at the repaired site. The tree's leaves remain vibrant green, and its growth is stable, demonstrating excellent overall repair results that fully align with the core principles of ancient and famous tree protection. Example

[0032] This embodiment targets small tree holes with a diameter of 8cm (accompanied by longitudinal cracks and fragile tree bark). It employs ultrasonic non-destructive testing, debridement with a flexible fan blade with a diameter of 10cm, disinfection with a fungicide such as carbendazim, and a 10cm thick breathable and drainage layer and ecological restoration substrate. The hole is then sealed with flexible sutures (linen thread + 1mm fresh moss) and maintained with a 5% concentration of amino acid nutrients to avoid causing pressure damage to the fragile tree.

[0033] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 The complete technical solution of this embodiment is as follows: S1. Preliminary Survey and Debridement: Ultrasonic non-destructive testing technology is used to collect data on the size of the tree cavity, the extent of decay, and the health status of the xylem, establishing a three-dimensional data archive. A detachable fan blade made of 10cm diameter felt is installed on a specialized debridement device. The depth of the fan blade insertion is adjusted via an external control dial. The fan blade rotates upwards to remove decayed tissue and dead skin at the cavity entrance, while a base tray collects impurities. A compound fungicide, such as carbendazim, is sprayed thoroughly onto the inner walls and edges of the tree cavity after debridement, and the area is allowed to ventilate naturally for 48 hours until the agent dries.

[0034] S2. Layered Filling: Dry 2-3cm diameter expanded clay pebbles and biochar, then mix them in a 1:1 ratio to create a breathable and drainage layer. This layer, 10cm thick, is laid at the bottom of the tree cavity. An ecological restoration substrate, prepared in a 3:4:3 ratio of flax fiber, water-based epoxy resin, and well-rotted leaf humus, is then filled above the breathable and drainage layer. Using the healthy tissue of the ancient tree as a seed source, regenerative tree tissue is cultivated, mixed with humus-based inoculants and peat moss, and then evenly applied to the inner wall of the tree cavity and the contact surface with the ecological restoration substrate.

[0035] S3. Sealing and Fixing Tree Cavities: Since the tree cavities are accompanied by longitudinal cracks and have a diameter of less than 15cm, a flexible suturing method is used. Natural flax thread is selected, and a 1mm thick layer of fresh moss is placed at the contact point between the suture and the tree body. Intermittent suturing is used, with the stitch spacing controlled at 6cm. The tightness of the suture is such that the fixed edge is not loose and does not compress the tree body.

[0036] S4. Subsequent maintenance: Monitor the growth of callus tissue at the edge of the tree cavity, the adhesion of the repaired area, and the color of the leaves monthly. Based on the monitoring results, spray a 5% concentration of amino acid nutrient solution once a month.

[0037] In summary, this embodiment focuses on small, fragile trees with cracks. Ultrasonic detection accurately captures internal details, small-diameter flexible blades enable meticulous debridement, and flexible suturing avoids pressure damage. Four months after repair, the longitudinal cracks are basically closed, the callus regeneration rate is 50% faster than traditional methods, there are no signs of pressure damage, the tree is in good health, and the repair effect is excellent. It is suitable for repairing small tree cavities in fragile trees. Example

[0038] This embodiment targets a large tree cavity with a diameter of 40cm (irregular internal cavity and extensive xylem decay). It employs non-destructive testing with ground-penetrating radar, debridement of a flexible fan-shaped blade with a diameter of 40cm, disinfection with a fungicide such as carbendazim, a 20cm thick breathable and drainage layer, and sufficient ecological restoration substrate. The cavity is then sealed with simulated bark and multi-point environmentally friendly adhesive, combined with 8% concentration of amino acid nutrients to enhance maintenance, taking into account both support and self-healing stimulation.

[0039] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 The complete technical solution of this embodiment is as follows: S1. Preliminary Survey and Debridement: Utilizing ground-penetrating radar (GPR) non-destructive testing technology, comprehensive data on the size of irregular cavities, extensive decay extent, and xylem health status within the tree cavity are collected. A detailed 3D data archive of the tree cavity is established through 3D modeling. Detachable fan blades made of 40cm diameter felt are selected and installed on a specialized debridement device. An external control dial gradually adjusts the depth of the fan blade insertion. The fan blades are then rotated upwards to thoroughly remove decayed tissue and dead skin at the cavity entrance. A base tray catches any falling debris throughout the process. A compound fungicide, such as carbendazim, is used to spray the cleaned tree cavity walls and edges comprehensively, leaving no blind spots. Natural ventilation is maintained for 48 hours until the agent is completely dry.

[0040] S2. Layered Filling: Select 2-3cm diameter expanded clay and biochar, dry them, and mix them evenly in a 1:1 ratio to form a breathable and drainage layer. Lay this layer at the bottom of the tree cavity to a thickness of 20cm. Prepare an ecological restoration substrate by mixing flax fiber, water-based epoxy resin, and well-rotted leaf humus in a 3:4:3 ratio, stirring thoroughly until homogeneous. Fill this substrate sufficiently above the breathable and drainage layer, ensuring it adheres to the irregular inner wall of the tree cavity. Pre-cultivate regenerative tree tissue using the healthy tissue of the ancient tree as a seed source. Mix this tissue evenly with humus-based inoculants and peat moss, and apply it thoroughly and evenly to the contact surface between the inner wall of the tree cavity and the ecological restoration substrate using a brush.

[0041] S3. Tree Hole Sealing and Fixing: Select simulated bark material that closely matches the texture and color of the ancient tree bark to cover the surface of the tree hole. Use natural resin to fill the gaps point by point. Use environmentally friendly adhesive to fix the simulated bark densely at multiple points along the edge and center of the simulated bark to ensure that the simulated bark fits tightly with the original tree body and resists wind and rain erosion.

[0042] S4. Subsequent maintenance: Conduct a detailed monitoring of the tree's growth status once a month, paying particular attention to the growth of callus tissue at the edge of the tree cavity, the adhesion of the repaired area, and the color of the tree leaves. Based on the monitoring results, spray an 8% concentration of amino acid nutrient solution once a month to enhance the tree's nutrient supply.

[0043] In summary, this embodiment addresses large, irregular tree cavities by using ground-penetrating radar to precisely delineate the internal structure, employing large-diameter flexible fan blades for efficient and gentle debridement, and addressing support and ventilation challenges with a thickened, breathable, and drainage layer and sufficient ecological restoration substrate. Eight months post-repair, no pathogens grew inside the tree cavity, the restoration substrate adhered tightly to the tree, callus tissue fully covered the contact surface, the tree's support strength was significantly improved, and there was no risk of collapse. This successfully resolved the core pain points of large tree cavity repair, demonstrating excellent repair results.

[0044] Comparative Example This comparative example uses the traditional cement sealing method to repair a medium-sized tree cavity with a diameter of 20cm. This method is only suitable for simple emergency treatment and does not take into account the fragility of ancient and famous trees and the need to protect their original shape. It involves visual observation combined with experience surveying, forceful debridement with a metal scraper, and simple disinfection with a single bactericide. Rigid cement is used as the filling and sealing material, without any special follow-up monitoring and maintenance measures. The aim is to compare and verify the superiority of the technical solution of this invention in reducing damage and improving the repair effect. The complete technical solution is as follows: S1. Preliminary Survey and Debridement: The tree cavity's exterior and interior are directly observed with the naked eye. Without 3D data recording, the extent and depth of decay are roughly judged based solely on the operator's experience, making it difficult to accurately identify deep-seated decay. Ordinary metal scrapers are used to directly scrape away decaying tissue and dead bark at the cavity entrance. The high hardness of the metal scrapers easily damages the surrounding healthy wood and bark. During the scraping process, no special catch device is used, and impurities fall directly, contaminating the bark around the cavity. A single fungicide, carbendazim, is used, but only a simple spray is applied to the inner wall of the cavity. This has a limited disinfection range and cannot completely eliminate deep-seated pathogens. After 24 hours of natural ventilation, subsequent steps are performed.

[0045] S2. Filling and Sealing: Ordinary building cement was directly mixed with water without considering the tree's respiration and growth needs. The cement was forcibly filled into the tree cavity and compacted. After the cement hardened, it completely blocked the gas and moisture exchange channels inside the tree cavity. After the cement initially set, the surface was smoothed with metal tools. The smoothed surface differed significantly from the original bark texture and color of the ancient tree, damaging the integrity of the tree's appearance. Furthermore, the shrinkage rate of the hardened cement differed greatly from the tree's growth shrinkage characteristics, making it prone to premature cracking.

[0046] S3. Follow-up treatment: Without a dedicated monitoring plan, potential problems such as cement layer cracking and internal water accumulation cannot be detected in time; without any nutrient supply and disease protection measures, the tree's own self-healing ability cannot be stimulated, and pests and diseases can easily invade through cement cracks, further eroding the tree.

[0047] In summary, the traditional cement sealing method used in this comparative example has multiple drawbacks: the survey relies on experience, resulting in extremely low accuracy and a tendency to miss deep-seated decay; the metal scraper cleaning process causes serious secondary damage and contaminates the surrounding bark; a single fungicide cannot completely eliminate pathogens, leaving residual bacteria that can easily lead to recurrence; cement is rigid and impermeable, completely blocking the tree's respiration and drainage, and its shrinkage after solidification differs greatly from that of the tree, easily causing cracks; the sealing process damages the appearance of the ancient tree, and there are no monitoring or maintenance measures, making it impossible to address subsequent problems in a timely manner. Three months after the restoration, the cement layer showed obvious cracks, and six months later, the crack width reached 3-5 mm; water could not drain from the tree cavity, leading to further decay of the xylem; the tree's growth weakened, with a leaf drop rate of 30%, completely failing to meet the core principle of "minimal intervention, maximum protection" for the protection of ancient and famous trees, resulting in poor restoration effects and failing to meet the long-term protection needs of ancient and famous trees. As can be seen from the comparison table, the three embodiments of the present invention are significantly superior to the comparative example of the traditional cement sealing method in terms of core technical parameters and repair effects. Embodiments one to three achieve precise surveying through non-destructive testing technology, use a flexible debridement device to avoid secondary damage, employ a compound bactericidal agent to completely block the spread of pathogens, and utilize a layered filling structure that balances breathability and drainage with stable support. Targeted sealing methods protect the ancient tree's shape, and scientific maintenance stimulates the tree's self-healing ability. Embodiment two, specifically for small, cracked tree cavities, demonstrates outstanding performance in healing speed and secondary damage control; Embodiment three, for large, irregular tree cavities, shows significant advantages in stability and support. In contrast, the comparative example suffers from serious secondary damage, poor breathability, and slow healing due to issues such as rough surveying, inappropriate debridement tools, rigid and non-breathable filling materials, and lack of maintenance, failing to meet the protection needs of ancient and famous trees. In summary, the technical solution of the present invention, through multi-stage optimized design, effectively solves the pain points of traditional repair techniques, is applicable to tree cavity repair of different sizes and scenarios, and exhibits significant practicality and superiority.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for repairing tree cavities that aims to minimize damage to ancient and famous trees, characterized in that: This method includes the following steps: S1. Preliminary survey and debridement: Non-destructive testing technology is used to survey the internal condition of the tree cavity and establish a three-dimensional data file. A special debridement device is used to remove rotten tissue inside the tree cavity and dead skin at the entrance. After spraying with a compound bactericidal disinfectant, the tree cavity is ventilated and dried. S2. Layered filling: Lay a breathable and drainage layer at the bottom of the tree cavity, fill the middle layer with ecological restoration substrate, and apply a mixture of tree regenerative tissue, humus fungicide and peat soil to the inner wall of the tree cavity and the contact surface with the restoration material. S3. Tree cavity sealing and fixation: The surface of the tree cavity is covered with simulated bark material that matches the bark of the ancient tree and fixed with environmentally friendly adhesive. Flexible stitching is used for specific scenarios. S4. Subsequent maintenance: Monitor the growth status of the tree around the tree hole and adjust the maintenance plan accordingly.

2. The tree cavity repair method according to claim 1, which aims to reduce damage to ancient and famous trees, is characterized in that... Step S1, during the preliminary survey and debridement, includes the following steps: Ground-penetrating radar or ultrasonic non-destructive testing technology is used to collect data on the size of the cavity, the extent of decay, and the health status of the xylem inside the tree cavity. Three-dimensional data archives of the tree cavity are then established using three-dimensional modeling technology. Install the compatible fan blades onto the dedicated debridement device. Gradually adjust the depth of the fan blades by using an external control turntable. Start the fan blades to rotate upwards to remove rotten tissue and dead skin from the opening. The base tray catches any falling debris throughout the process. Use a compound bactericide and disinfectant such as carbendazim to spray the inside wall and edges of the tree hole after cleaning, and allow it to ventilate naturally for 48 hours until the agent is completely dry.

3. The tree cavity repair method according to claim 2, which aims to reduce damage to ancient and famous trees, is characterized in that... The special debridement device used in step S1 includes an external control turntable, an elastic telescopic piston between the support rod and the rotating wheel, detachable fan blades with brush and felt material, a detachable piston between the base and the rotating wheel, and a base tray. The elastic telescopic piston connects the support rod and the rotating wheel, the detachable fan blades are connected to the rotating wheel through a snap-fit ​​structure, and the detachable piston connects the base and the rotating wheel.

4. A tree cavity repair method according to claim 2, which aims to reduce damage to ancient and famous trees, is characterized in that... In step S1, the blades of the special debridement device can be replaced with different diameter specifications according to the actual size of the tree hole. The blade diameter range is 10-50cm. The base is connected to the rotating wheel through a piston structure. The piston structure includes a piston body, a sealing gasket, and a locking bolt. The base can be quickly assembled and disassembled from the rotating wheel through this piston structure.

5. A tree cavity repair method according to claim 1, which aims to reduce damage to ancient and famous trees, is characterized in that... Step S2, when performing layered filling, includes the following steps: Lightweight porous ceramsite and biochar are selected, dried, and then mixed to form a breathable and drainage layer, which is then laid at the bottom of the tree cavity. The ecological restoration substrate is prepared by mixing plant fiber, environmentally friendly resin and humus in a 3:4:3 ratio and stirring until uniform. It is then filled on top of the breathable and drainage layer to form a middle layer. Using the healthy tissue of the ancient tree itself as the seed source, the tree's regenerative tissue is pre-cultured, mixed evenly with humus inoculants and peat soil, and then evenly applied to the contact surface between the inner wall of the tree cavity and the ecological restoration substrate using a brush.

6. A tree cavity repair method according to claim 5, which aims to reduce damage to ancient and famous trees, is characterized in that... In step S2, the breathable and drainage layer is made by mixing ceramsite with a particle size of 2-3cm and biochar in a 1:1 ratio. Both ceramsite and biochar are dried before mixing. During the mixing process, the mixture is stirred until it is evenly dispersed. The thickness of the layer is 10-20cm.

7. A tree cavity repair method according to claim 5, which aims to reduce damage to ancient and famous trees, is characterized in that... In step S2, the plant fiber of the ecological restoration substrate is flax fiber, the environmentally friendly resin is water-based epoxy resin, and the humus is humus made from decomposed fallen leaves.

8. A tree cavity repair method according to claim 1, which aims to reduce damage to ancient and famous trees, is characterized in that... Step S3, when sealing and securing the tree cavity, includes the following steps: Simulated bark material matching the texture and color of ancient tree bark is selected to cover the surface of the tree cavity, and natural resin is used to fill the fine gaps point by point; By using environmentally friendly adhesives to fix the simulated bark at multiple points along the edges and center, the simulated bark can be made to adhere to the original tree body. For longitudinal cracks in tree trunks, small cavities with a diameter of less than 15cm, or scenarios requiring flexible fixation, interrupted sutures or figure-eight sutures are used. Fresh moss is placed at the point where the sutures contact the tree body, and the stitch spacing is controlled at 5-8cm while adjusting the tightness of the sutures.

9. A tree cavity repair method according to claim 8, which aims to reduce damage to ancient and famous trees, is characterized in that... In step S3, the thickness of the fresh moss used for flexible suturing is 1-2 mm, and the suture is made of natural flax thread. The tightness of the suture is such that the edges are fixed without loosening and without compressing the tree.

10. A tree cavity repair method according to claim 1, which aims to reduce damage to ancient and famous trees, is characterized in that... The subsequent maintenance in step S4 includes monitoring the tree's growth status once a month. The monitoring content includes the growth of callus tissue at the edge of the tree cavity, the adhesion of the repaired area, and the color of the tree leaves. Based on the monitoring results, an amino acid nutrient solution is sprayed once a month at a concentration of 5%-8%.

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