A corn seed breeding device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of maize seed breeding technology, specifically to a maize seed breeding cultivation device, including a base. Side insulation plates are bolted to both sides of the top of the base, and multiple support rails are bolted to the inner walls of the two opposing side insulation plates. An L-shaped tray is integrally formed on one side of the top of each support rail. This invention employs a staggered lifting assembly and a sliding sampling assembly working in tandem. During cultivation, relying on the meshing structure of the long rack of the support rail and the short rack of the rail seat, combined with precise lifting adjustment driven by the lifting screw, the sampling assembly can be precisely aligned with any seedling trough in each layer of the seedling tray inside the box. Simultaneously, through the linkage of a translation drive motor, electric push rod, servo motor, and micro vacuum pump, the sampling, collection, and removal of maize seeds and seedlings can be completed. The entire process does not require opening the sealed cultivation box or manual intervention, avoiding the problem of external environmental intrusion and disruption of the cultivation stability caused by opening the box door.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of maize seed breeding technology, and specifically to a breeding device for maize seed breeding. Background Technology

[0002] Maize seed breeding is the process of selecting maize varieties with superior traits (such as high yield, disease resistance, and stress resistance) from a large number of materials through methods such as artificially controlled pollination, physicochemical mutagenesis, and marker-assisted selection. During this process, cultivation devices are often used to provide stable temperature, humidity, light, and nutrient conditions for seed germination and seedling growth, so as to allow for phenotypic observation and comparative screening of different breeding materials.

[0003] Currently, several corn breeding devices have been disclosed. For example, a corn seed breeding device with application number CN202010665426.4 and authorization announcement date of 20220524 includes a box body. A lead screw is installed inside the box body, with its top end passing through a bearing seat and the other end passing through a slider. A breeding tray is fixed to the slider at its side. A worm gear is coaxially fixed to the lead screw, and the worm and worm gear mesh with each other. A knob is horizontally extended from the box body and coaxially fixed thereto. Rotating the knob drives the lead screw to rotate, thereby moving the breeding tray. The breeding tray has several grooves distributed on it. A breeding tank is located at the bottom of the box body, allowing for the sequential replacement of the filling of the breeding cleaning solution and the breeding nutrient solution. The breeding tray can be lowered to allow the seeds in the grooves to be immersed in the breeding tank for cultivation. An ultrasonic generator can be used to generate ultrasonic waves to promote cleaning. Simultaneously, ultraviolet lamps and white light lamps can be turned on to irradiate and induce mutations, thereby achieving the function of convenient operation and control of changes in physical and chemical mutagenesis conditions during cultivation.

[0004] For example, a corn seed breeding cultivation device, with application number CN202023047570.6 and authorization announcement date of 20210824, includes a cultivation device body. The inner end of the cultivation device body is provided with a placement tray, the upper end of the placement tray is provided with a placement groove, both ends of the placement groove are provided with sliding grooves, the inner end of the sliding groove is provided with a first slider, the outer end of the first slider is provided with anti-slip pads corresponding to both ends of the placement groove, the rear end of the placement tray is provided with a rotating shaft, the front end of the rotating shaft is provided with a second slider corresponding to both ends of the placement tray, the outer end of the second slider is provided with an arc-shaped groove corresponding to the inner end of the cultivation device body, the front end of the second slider is provided with a locking groove, and the inner end of the locking groove is provided with a movable pin. This corn seed breeding cultivation device is designed with a surface for placing and fixing culture dishes, providing convenience during use. It also includes a device for easily placing and removing culture dishes, avoiding the inconvenience of removing the internal culture dishes.

[0005] However, existing technologies and commonly used maize breeding devices often require opening the chamber door or significant manual intervention when observing the phenotypic characteristics of maize seeds or seedlings, taking samples for testing, or removing defective seedlings. This disrupts the stable temperature, humidity, and cleanliness environment inside the breeding chamber, affecting the normal growth of other breeding materials in the same batch and causing fluctuations in breeding data. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a maize seed breeding device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a breeding device for maize seed selection, so as to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A breeding device for maize seeds includes a base. Side insulation plates are bolted to both sides of the top of the base. Multiple support rails are bolted to the inner sidewalls of the two opposing side insulation plates. An L-shaped tray is integrally formed on one side of the top of each support rail. Seedling trays are placed on the L-shaped trays on the top of the two opposing support rails on the two side insulation plates. Several arrayed seedling troughs are opened on the outer wall of the top of the seedling trays. A toothed groove is opened on one side of the outer wall of each support rail. A long toothed rack is bolted to one side of the top of the inner wall of the toothed groove. Lifting components are bolted to the inner walls of the two side insulation panels facing each other, and the two lifting components on the two side insulation panels are staggered. The lifting components include lifting guide rails. A long sliding groove is opened on one side of the outer wall of the lifting guide rails, and a lifting screw is installed inside the long sliding groove through a bearing. A guide rail seat is slidably installed inside the long sliding groove. The guide rail seat and the lifting screw are connected by a threaded transmission. A rack groove is opened on one side of the outer wall of the guide rail seat, and a short rack is bolted to the top side of the inner wall of the rack groove. A lifting drive motor is bolted to the top of the lifting guide rails, and the output end of the lifting drive motor is installed together with the top of the lifting screw through a coupling. A sampling component is provided on one side of the lifting assembly. The sampling component includes a sliding seat, which is slidably engaged with a guide rail seat. A translation drive motor is bolted to one side of the inner wall of the sliding seat. A drive gear is keyed to the output end of the translation drive motor. The drive gear extends into the rack groove and meshes with a short rack. When the guide rail seat is aligned with the support guide rail, the sliding seat can slide on the support guide rail through the meshing of the drive gear with the short and long racks. A cover plate is bolted to one side of the outer wall of the sliding seat. An electric push rod is bolted to one side of the outer wall of the cover plate. A U-shaped bracket is bolted to the output end of the electric push rod. Servo motors are bolted to both sides of the outer wall of the U-shaped bracket. Sampling tubes are bolted to the output ends of the two servo motors. A miniature vacuum pump is bolted to one end of the sampling tube.

[0008] Furthermore, a discharge port is provided on one outer wall of the side insulation plate, and a discharge assembly is bolted to the exposed side of the side insulation plate. The discharge assembly includes a long shell, and the long shell communicates with the discharge port.

[0009] Furthermore, a rotating rod is installed at the bottom opening of the elongated housing via a bearing, and coil springs are engaged at both ends of the rotating rod. One end of the coil spring is bolted to one side of the inner wall of the elongated housing, and a sealing plate is welded to one side of the bottom of the rotating rod.

[0010] Furthermore, a door is installed on one side of the outer wall of one of the side insulation panels via a hinge, a hollow shell is bolted to one side of the top of the base, and a top mounting box is bolted to one side of the top of the hollow shell. The top mounting box, the hollow shell, the door, the base, and the two side insulation panels constitute a closed seedling box.

[0011] Furthermore, six mounting holes are provided on one side of the outer wall of the hollow shell, and dustproof nets are bolted inside the mounting holes.

[0012] Furthermore, a square hole is provided on one side of the bottom of the inner wall of the top mounting box, and the square hole communicates with the hollow shell. A temperature and humidity module and an electrical control module are respectively provided inside the top mounting box, and the temperature and humidity module is connected to the hollow shell through the square hole.

[0013] Furthermore, a hollow shaft is installed between the base and the top mounting box via a bearing, and multiple spray pipes arranged in a linear array are bolted to the outside of the hollow shaft. Multiple spray holes arranged in a linear array are opened on one side of the outer wall of the spray pipes, and multiple through holes are opened on one side of the outer wall of the hollow shaft. The hollow shaft communicates with the multiple spray pipes through the through holes.

[0014] Furthermore, a mounting cylinder is bolted to one side of the inner wall of the base, one end of the hollow shaft is located inside the mounting cylinder, and a water pump is bolted to one side of the inner wall of the base. The water pump is connected to the mounting cylinder through a pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, a support plate is bolted inside the top mounting box, and a rotary drive motor is bolted on one side of the top of the support plate. The output end of the rotary drive motor is connected to the top of the hollow shaft via a coupling.

[0016] Furthermore, a visual imaging module is bolted to one side of the bottom of the U-shaped bracket, and the visual imaging module is electrically connected to the electronic control module via a wire.

[0017] In the above technical solution, the present invention provides a breeding device for maize seed selection, which has the following beneficial effects: This invention employs a staggered lifting assembly and a sliding sampling assembly working in tandem. During the cultivation process, relying on the meshing structure of the long rack of the supporting guide rail and the short rack of the guide rail seat, combined with the precise lifting adjustment driven by the lifting screw, the sampling assembly can be precisely aligned with any seedling trough in each layer of the seedling tray inside the box. Simultaneously, through the linkage of the translation drive motor, electric push rod, servo motor and micro vacuum pump, the sampling, collection and removal of corn seeds and seedlings can be completed. The entire process does not require opening the closed cultivation box or manual intervention, avoiding the problem of external environmental intrusion and disruption of the cultivation stability caused by opening the box door. This ensures a uniform growth environment for corn breeding materials of the same batch and significantly improves the authenticity and stability of the breeding data.

[0018] When the water pump of this invention is running to replenish water, the rotary drive motor can drive the hollow shaft and the spray pipe to swing in a semi-circular motion at a uniform speed. This process, combined with the array of spray holes on the spray pipe, can irrigate the corn seedlings in the multi-layer seedling trays inside the box with water and fertilizer, so that all corn seedlings can obtain uniform and consistent water and fertilizer conditions, avoid the growth differences caused by uneven watering and spraying, eliminate experimental interference caused by non-breeding traits, and ensure the fairness and rigor of the corn seed breeding comparison experiment.

[0019] During sampling and discharge, the sampling component can directly discharge and clean up cultivation residues, defective seedlings, and waste liquid through the discharge port without opening the overall box door. At the same time, the bottom of the long shell is equipped with a rotating rod with a coil spring and a sealing plate structure. After discharge, the coil spring can automatically drive the sealing plate to reset and close, quickly sealing the discharge port and minimizing air circulation between the inside and outside of the box. This effectively prevents the loss of temperature and humidity, and the entry of dust and impurities into the box, avoiding changes in the internal environment of the box that could lead to cultivation errors. This improves the continuous ability of the internal environment of the cultivation box to maintain airtightness and stability. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a breeding device for maize seed selection according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the base, side insulation plate, lifting component, and sampling component provided in an embodiment of a breeding device for maize seed selection according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the base, hollow shell, and top mounting box structure provided in an embodiment of a maize seed breeding device of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the base, hollow shell, top mounting box, hollow shaft, and spray pipe structure provided in an embodiment of a maize seed breeding device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This invention provides an embodiment of a breeding device for maize seed selection. Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting guide rail, lifting assembly, and sampling assembly provided in an embodiment of a breeding device for maize seed selection according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting component structure provided in an embodiment of a breeding device for maize seed selection according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling component structure provided in an embodiment of a breeding device for maize seed selection according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding seat, evaluation drive motor, and drive gear structure provided in an embodiment of a maize seed breeding device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding assembly structure provided in an embodiment of a breeding device for maize seed selection according to the present invention.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Base; 2. Side insulation plate; 3. Box door; 4. Discharge assembly; 5. Hollow shell; 6. Top mounting box; 7. Support rail; 8. Seedling tray; 9. Seedling trough; 10. Lifting assembly; 11. Sampling assembly; 12. Hollow shaft; 13. Spray pipe; 14. Discharge port; 15. Temperature and humidity module; 16. Electrical control module; 17. Support plate; 18. Rotary drive motor; 19. Square hole; 20. Mounting port; 21. Dustproof net; 22. Water pump; 23. Mounting cylinder; 24. Spray hole; 25. Through hole; 26. Rack and pinion. 1. Slot 1; 27. Long rack; 28. L-shaped support plate; 29. ​​Lifting guide rail; 30. Long slide rail; 31. Lifting drive motor; 32. Lifting lead screw; 33. Guide rail seat; 34. Slot 2; 35. Short rack; 36. Sliding seat; 37. Cover plate; 38. Electric push rod; 39. U-shaped bracket; 40. Servo motor; 41. Sampling tube; 42. Miniature vacuum pump; 43. Vision imaging module; 44. Drive gear; 45. Translation drive motor; 46. Long strip housing; 47. Rotating rod; 48. Coil spring; 49. Sealing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] like Figure 1-10 As shown in the figure, a breeding device for corn seed selection provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a base 1. Side insulation plates 2 are bolted to both sides of the top of the base 1. Multiple support rails 7 are bolted to the inner side walls of the two opposite side insulation plates 2. An L-shaped tray 28 is integrally formed on one side of the top of the support rail 7. A seedling tray 8 is placed on the L-shaped tray 28 on the top of the two opposite support rails 7 on the two side insulation plates 2. A number of seedling troughs 9 are arranged in an array on the outer wall of the top of the seedling tray 8. A toothed groove 26 is opened on one side of the outer wall of the support rail 7. A long toothed rack 27 is bolted to the top side of the inner wall of the toothed groove 26. Lifting components 10 are bolted to the inner walls of the two side insulation plates 2, and the two lifting components 10 on the two side insulation plates 2 are staggered. The lifting component 10 includes a lifting guide rail 29. A long slide groove 30 is opened on one side of the outer wall of the lifting guide rail 29, and a lifting screw 32 is installed inside the long slide groove 30 through a bearing. A guide rail seat 33 is slidably installed inside the long slide groove 30. The guide rail seat 33 and the lifting screw 32 are connected by a threaded transmission. A rack groove 34 is opened on one side of the outer wall of the guide rail seat 33, and a short rack 35 is bolted to the top side of the inner wall of the rack groove 34. A lifting drive motor 31 is bolted to the top of the lifting guide rail 29, and the output end of the lifting drive motor 31 is installed together with the top of the lifting screw 32 through a coupling. A sampling component 11 is provided on one side of the lifting component 10. The sampling component 11 includes a sliding seat 36, which is slidably engaged with the guide rail seat 33. A translation drive motor 45 is bolted to one side of the inner wall of the sliding seat 36. A drive gear 44 is keyed to the output end of the translation drive motor 45. The drive gear 44 extends into the rack groove 34 and meshes with the short rack 35. When the guide rail seat 33 is aligned with the support guide rail 7, the sliding seat 36 can slide on the support guide rail 7 through the meshing of the drive gear 44 with the short rack 35 and the long rack 27. A cover plate 37 is bolted to one side of the outer wall of the sliding seat 36. An electric push rod 38 is bolted to one side of the outer wall of the cover plate 37. A U-shaped bracket 39 is bolted to the output end of the electric push rod 38. A servo motor 40 is bolted to both sides of the outer wall of the U-shaped bracket 39. A sampling tube 41 is bolted to the output end of the two servo motors 40. A miniature vacuum pump 42 is bolted to one end of the sampling tube 41.

[0034] Specifically, in this embodiment, a base 1 is included. The base 1 is the basic support structure of the device, bearing the weight of the entire cultivation box. Its interior is hollow, used to install the water supply system and store some irrigation water, serving as the stable foundation of the entire device. Side insulation plates 2 are bolted to both sides of the top of the base 1. The side insulation plates 2 form the enclosure structure on the left and right sides of the box, serving to insulate and ensure the airtightness of the internal environment. The inner side is used to install the support rails 7 and the lifting assembly 10. A discharge port 14 is opened on one side, and the two side insulation plates 2 are connected to each other. Multiple support rails 7 are bolted to the inner wall of the sampler. The support rails 7 are layered and welded to the inner side of the side insulation plate 2. The L-shaped support plate 28 on the top of the support rails directly supports the seedling tray 8. The guide rails are equipped with long toothed racks 27, which provide a continuous toothed track for the horizontal movement of the sampling component 11. An L-shaped support plate 28 is integrally formed on one side of the top of the support rails 7. The L-shaped support plate 28 is an integral support plate structure with the support rails 7. Its vertical surface restricts the lateral movement of the seedling tray 8, and its horizontal surface supports the weight of the seedling tray 8, which is to achieve rapid and stable movement of the seedling tray 8. The key structure for placement consists of two side insulation plates 2 with opposing support rails 7. A seedling tray 8 is placed on the top L-shaped tray 28. The seedling tray 8 is a container for holding corn seeds or seedlings, facilitating modular placement and management. The array of seedling troughs 9 on top accommodates single seeds or single seedlings. Several arrayed seedling troughs 9 are formed on the outer wall of the top of the seedling tray 8. Each seedling trough 9 is a single hole on the seedling tray 8, used to independently hold the substrate and seed, ensuring that each seed has independent growth space, facilitating phenotypic observation and harvesting. For precise positioning during sampling, a rack groove 26 is provided on the outer wall of one side of the support guide rail 7. The rack groove 26 is a groove opened in the side wall of the support guide rail 7 to provide space for the installation of the long rack 27 and to provide a meshing and sliding channel for the drive gear 44 of the sampling component 11. The long rack 27 is bolted to the top side of the inner wall of the rack groove 26. The long rack 27 is a straight rack bolted in the rack groove 26 and meshes with the drive gear 44 of the sampling component 11 to provide a transmission rack for the horizontal movement of the sampling component 11 on the support guide rail 7. Lifting components 10 are bolted to the inner walls of the two side insulation panels 2. The lifting components 10 are linear modules that enable precise vertical positioning of the sampling component 11. Through the cooperation of the lifting guide rail 29, the lifting screw 32, and the lifting drive motor 31, the sampling component 11 can be raised or lowered to the height of any seedling tray 8. The two lifting components 10 on the two side insulation panels 2 are staggered. The lifting component 10 includes the lifting guide rail 29, which is the vertical main body of the lifting component 10 and provides guidance and support for the vertical movement of the guide rail base 33. To ensure the smoothness and precision of the lifting process, a long slide groove 30 is provided on one outer wall of the lifting guide rail 29. The long slide groove 30 is a C-shaped or dovetail-shaped long groove on the lifting guide rail 29, which is the track for the sliding of the guide rail seat 33. The lifting screw 32 is housed inside the long slide groove 30 and is installed inside the long slide groove 30 through bearings. The lifting screw 32 is a transmission screw located inside the long slide groove 30, which converts the rotational motion of the motor into the linear lifting motion of the guide rail seat 33. The guide rail seat 33 is slidably installed inside the long slide groove 30. The guide rail seat 33 is a sliding component on the lifting assembly 10 that is threadedly connected to the screw. The block is used to support the sampling component 11. Its internal short rack 35 serves as a bridge for transferring the sampling component 11 from the lifting guide rail 29 to the supporting guide rail 7. The guide rail seat 33 is threadedly connected to the lifting screw 32. A rack groove 24 is formed on one outer wall of the guide rail seat 33. The rack groove 24 is a slot formed on the side wall of the guide rail seat 33 for installing the short rack 35. Its position matches the rack groove 16 of the supporting guide rail 7 to achieve precise alignment. The short rack 35 is bolted to the top side of the inner wall of the rack groove 24. The short rack 35 is fixed to the rack groove 26 of the guide rail seat 33. When the guide rail seat 33 is aligned with a certain layer of support guide rail 7, the short rack 35 and the long rack 27 are connected end to end to form a complete and uninterrupted rack. The lifting guide rail 29 is bolted to the top and a lifting drive motor 31 is installed. The lifting drive motor 31 is preferably the Leadsai 57 series, with a self-locking function. The lifting drive motor 31 is the power source installed at the top of the lifting guide rail 29, which provides power for the lifting of the guide rail seat 33 and drives the lifting screw 32 to rotate. The output end of the lifting drive motor 31 is installed together with the top of the lifting screw 32 through a coupling. A sampling component 11 is provided on one side of the lifting component 10. The sampling component 11 is the core moving actuator for completing automatic inspection and sampling. It integrates a sliding seat 36, a sampling tube 41, and a micro vacuum pump 42. It can slide on the guide rail 33 and transfer to the support guide rail 7. The suction tube and the micro vacuum pump 42 are used to remove the target seedlings. The sampling component 11 includes a sliding seat 36, which is the main frame of the sampling component 11. It can slide on the guide rail 33 and the support guide rail 7. A translation drive motor 45 is installed inside to drive its own movement. The sliding seat 36 is slidably engaged with the guide rail 33. The translation drive motor 45 is bolted to one side of the inner wall of the sliding seat 36. 45 is preferably from the Dongfang Motor PKP series. The translation drive motor 45 provides power for the horizontal movement of the sampling component 11 and drives the drive gear 44 to rotate. The output end of the translation drive motor 45 is keyed to the drive gear 44, which is directly mounted on the output shaft of the translation drive motor 45. Through meshing with the long rack 27 and the short rack 35, it drives the entire sampling component 11 to move horizontally on the guide rail. The drive gear 44 extends into the rack groove 34 and meshes with the short rack 35. When the guide rail seat 33 is aligned with the support guide rail 7, the sliding seat 36 can slide on the support guide rail 7 through the meshing of the drive gear 44 with the short rack 35 and the long rack 27. A cover plate 37 is bolted to the outer wall. The cover plate 37 is a plate bolted to the side of the sliding seat 36, providing a stable base for installing components such as the electric push rod 38. An electric push rod 38 is bolted to one side of the outer wall of the cover plate 37. The electric push rod 38 is a miniature pen-type electric push rod, preferably THK, which provides the power for the front actuators such as the sampling tube 41 to move in and out, realizing the movement of the sampling tube 41 towards or away from the seedling trough 9. A U-shaped bracket 39 is bolted to the output end of the electric push rod 38. The U-shaped bracket 39 is a support frame installed at the output end of the electric push rod 38, providing support for the servo motors 40 at both ends and the sampling tube 41. Servo motors 40 are bolted to both sides of the outer wall of the U-shaped bracket 39. 40 is preferably a Feite high-precision digital servo motor 40 or a bus servo motor 40. The servo motor 40 is a high-precision digital servo motor 40. By coordinating the control of the angle of its output shaft, the pitch and yaw angles of the sampling tube 41 above the seedling trough 9 are precisely adjusted to achieve precise alignment. The output ends of the two servo motors 40 are bolted to the sampling tube 41. The sampling tube 41 is a suction tube that directly performs adsorption sampling. One end is connected to a micro vacuum pump 42, and the other end is used to align and suck up seeds or seedlings. The micro vacuum pump 42 is bolted to one end of the sampling tube 41. The micro vacuum pump 42 provides a negative pressure air source for the sampling tube 41 to generate suction for adsorbing and grabbing seeds or seedlings. The preferred model is a micro diaphragm air pump.A vision imaging module 43 is bolted to one side of the bottom of the U-shaped bracket 39. The vision imaging module 43 is a high-definition industrial camera, preferably a Hikvision MV-C series camera, used to capture high-definition images of the seedlings in the seedling tray 9 during inspections, and to determine the growth status of the seedlings through image processing algorithms, providing accurate coordinates for sampling. The vision imaging module 43 is electrically connected to the electronic control module 16 via wires.

[0035] This invention provides a maize seed breeding device that employs a staggered lifting assembly 10 and a sliding sampling assembly 11 working in tandem. During the breeding process, relying on the meshing structure of the long toothed rack 27 of the support guide rail 7 and the short toothed rack 35 of the guide rail seat 33, and with the precise lifting adjustment driven by the lifting screw 32, the sampling assembly 11 can be precisely aligned with any seedling trough 9 of each layer of seedling tray 8 inside the box. At the same time, through the linkage of the translation drive motor 45, electric push rod 38, servo motor 40 and micro vacuum pump 42, the sampling, collection and removal of maize seeds and seedlings can be completed. The entire process does not require opening the closed breeding box or manual intervention, avoiding the problem of external environmental intrusion and disruption of the breeding stability caused by opening the box door. This ensures a uniform growth environment for maize breeding materials of the same batch and greatly improves the authenticity and stability of the breeding data.

[0036] In one embodiment provided by the present invention, such as Figure 1-2 and Figure 10 As shown, a discharge port 14 is provided on the outer wall of one side of the side insulation plate 2. The discharge port 14 is a rectangular opening on the side insulation plate 2, which is the channel for the sampling component 11 to discharge waste seedlings and waste liquid outside the box. A discharge component 4 is bolted to the exposed side of the side insulation plate 2. The discharge component 4 is an automatic discharge channel installed outside the discharge port 14 of the side insulation plate 2. Its internal sealing plate 49 structure can prevent external air from flowing back in. The discharge component 4 includes a long strip shell 46, which is the main shell of the discharge component 4. A vertical discharge channel is formed inside to guide the waste to be discharged downward. The long strip shell 46 is interconnected with the discharge port 14. The bottom opening of the long strip shell 46 is located at... A rotating rod 47 is mounted on a bearing. The rotating rod 47 is a stainless steel shaft that passes through the top of the sealing plate 49 and serves as the pivot for the rotation of the sealing plate 49. Coil springs 48 are attached to both ends of the rotating rod 47. The coil springs 48 are stainless steel constant force springs installed at both ends of the rotating rod 47 to provide a continuous closing torque for the sealing plate 49. After the material discharge is completed, the sealing plate 49 automatically rebounds and closes. One end of the coil spring 48 is bolted to one side of the inner wall of the long shell 46. The sealing plate 49 is welded to one side of the bottom of the rotating rod 47. The sealing plate 49 is a movable door connected to the bottom of the long shell 46 through the rotating rod 47. When closed, it seals the discharge channel to prevent air circulation inside and outside the box. It is pushed open by the gravity of the waste material during discharge.

[0037] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, such as Figure 1-4As shown, one of the side insulation panels 2 has a door 3 hinged to one of its outer walls. The door 3 is a movable door at the front of the box, used by operators to place or remove the seedling trays 8. When closed, it forms a closed seedling space with the side panel and base 1. A hollow shell 5 is bolted to one side of the top of the base 1. The hollow shell 5 is an upright shell located above the base 1 and at the back of the box, serving as an air duct for air circulation. It evenly distributes the air regulated by the temperature and humidity module 15 in the top-mounted box 6 into each layer of the box. The top-mounted box 6 is bolted to one side of the top of the hollow shell 5. The top-mounted box 6 is an equipment compartment located at the top of the box, used to install the temperature and humidity module 15. Module 15, electrical control module 16, rotary drive motor 18, and other core components provide electrical and environmental control functions. The top mounting box 6, hollow shell 5, door 3, base 1, and two side insulation panels 2 constitute a closed seedling box. The side insulation panels 2 form the enclosure structure on the left and right sides of the box, providing insulation and ensuring a sealed environment inside. Six mounting openings 20 are pre-drilled on one side of the outer wall of the hollow shell 5. These openings are square holes for installing dustproof nets 21, which serve as air inlets for air circulation within the box. The dustproof nets 21 are bolted inside the mounting openings 20. A removable filter screen embedded in the mounting port 20 is used to filter dust and impurities in the circulating air, keeping the inside of the chamber clean and preventing clogging of the spray holes 24. A square hole 19 is opened on one side of the bottom of the inner wall of the top mounting box 6. The square hole 19 is a square opening located between the bottom of the top mounting box 6 and the top of the hollow shell 5. It is the channel for the air regulated by the temperature and humidity module 15 to enter the hollow shell 5, realizing the airflow circulation inside the chamber. The square hole 19 and the hollow shell 5 are interconnected. The top mounting box 6 is equipped with a temperature and humidity module 15 and an electrical control module 16. The temperature and humidity module 15 is the actuator for regulating the environment inside the chamber and includes a heater and a humidifier. The cooling element and circulating fan are responsible for precisely controlling the temperature and humidity inside the incubator. It is a modular temperature and humidity control unit with a temperature control range of 15-35℃ and a humidity control range of 50-95%RH. The electrical control module 16 is the central controller of the entire device. It receives signals from the sensors and vision module and controls the coordinated operation of all motors, pumps, valves and temperature and humidity module 15 through preset programs. It is a control board based on PLC programmable logic controller or ARM microcontroller, with a touch screen, and includes motor drivers, relays and communication interfaces. The temperature and humidity module 15 is connected to the hollow shell 5 through the square hole 19.

[0038] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, such as Figure 2-5As shown, a hollow shaft 12 is installed between the base 1 and the top mounting box 6 via bearings. The hollow shaft 12 is the main shaft for transmission and water supply, connecting the rotary drive motor 18 and the spray pipes 13. It transmits torque to make the spray pipes 13 swing, and also acts as the main pipeline to transport water or nutrient solution from the base 1 to each layer of spray pipes 13. Multiple spray pipes 13 arranged in a linear array are bolted to the outside of the hollow shaft 12. The spray pipes 13 are tubes fixed to the hollow shaft 12 and swing with it to evenly spray water or nutrient solution onto each layer of seedling trays 8. One side of the outer wall of the spray pipe 13 is open. Multiple spray holes 24 are arranged in a linear array. These spray holes 24 are fine water outlets on the spray pipes 13, used to atomize the water flow inside the pipes or form water columns for spraying onto the seedlings. Multiple through holes 25 are opened on one side of the outer wall of the hollow shaft 12. These through holes 25 connect the interior of the hollow shaft 12 with each layer of spray pipes 13, ensuring that each spray pipe 13 receives liquid from the main shaft. The hollow shaft 12 is interconnected with the multiple spray pipes 13 through the through holes 25. A mounting cylinder 23 is bolted to one side of the inner wall of the base 1, and the mounting cylinder 23 is fixed to the base. The stainless steel machined cylinder inside the base 1 is used to accommodate the bottom end of the hollow shaft 12 via a rotary joint and bearings, forming a stable rotation and water inlet connection structure. One end of the hollow shaft 12 is located inside the mounting cylinder 23. A water pump 22 is bolted to one side of the inner wall of the base 1. The water pump 22 is a miniature diaphragm pump or vortex pump, which pressurizes the water or nutrient solution stored in the base 1 and delivers it to each sprinkler pipe 13 through pipes and the hollow shaft 12. It is the power source of the irrigation system. The water pump 22 is connected to the mounting cylinder 23 through pipes. A support plate 17 is bolted to the inside of the top mounting box 6. The support plate 17 is a galvanized steel plate fixed inside the top mounting box 6. It is used to securely install the rotary drive motor 18 and ensure the coaxiality of the motor output shaft and the hollow shaft 12. The rotary drive motor 18 is bolted to one side of the top of the support plate 17. The rotary drive motor 18 is preferably a Delta ECMA series motor. The rotary drive motor 18 is a stepper motor or a servo motor. It drives the hollow shaft 12 and the spray pipe 13 on it to swing back and forth in a semi-circular arc to achieve a dynamic and uniform spraying effect. The output end of the rotary drive motor 18 is installed together with the top of the hollow shaft 12 through a coupling.

[0039] Working principle: During seedling cultivation, open the door 3, and then place the seedling trays 8 containing corn seeds layer by layer, ensuring that the two sides of the seedling trays 8 are stably placed on the L-shaped support plates 28 on the top of the support rails 7 on the two side insulation plates 2. After closing the door 3, the door 3, the two side insulation plates 2, the base 1, the hollow shell 5, and the top mounting box 6 together form a sealed seedling box. Then, the electrical control module 16 controls the temperature and humidity module 15 to start according to the original settings, and regulates the air by communicating with the hollow shell 5 through the square hole 19. The airflow is filtered by the dustproof net 21 at the mounting port 20, quickly stabilizing the environment inside the box. The system sets the temperature and humidity required for corn seed germination. When additional watering or fertilization is needed, the water pump 22 inside the base 1 starts, pumping externally stored liquid through pipes and the mounting cylinder 23 into the hollow shaft 12. The liquid rises along the hollow shaft 12 and enters the spray pipes 13 of each layer through the through holes 25 on its side wall. Simultaneously, the rotary drive motor 18 on the support plate 17 inside the top mounting box 6 drives the hollow shaft 12 to swing back and forth in a semi-circular arc at a uniform speed. A series of spray holes 24 on the spray pipes 13 spray the liquid evenly in a fan shape, covering every seedling trough 9 of each seedling tray 8 without dead angles, ensuring that all corn seedlings receive consistent water and fertilizer. Conditions; and during the cultivation process, the lifting component 10 starts to work. In this process, the lifting drive motor 31 drives the lifting screw 32 to rotate, which drives the guide rail seat 33 to move vertically along the long slide groove 30 of the lifting guide rail 29, accurately positioning it on the support guide rail 7 layer where the target seedling tray 8 is located. After it is in place, the rack groove 24 on the guide rail seat 33 is aligned with the rack groove 26 on the support guide rail 7. The built-in short rack 35 and long rack 27 are connected end to end to form a continuous rack. At this time, the sliding seat 36 of the sampling component 11 starts the translation drive motor 45, so that the drive gear 44 first meshes with the short rack 35, and then transitions to the long rack. On 27, the sliding seat 36 is smoothly transferred from the guide rail seat 33 to the support guide rail 7 and slides horizontally. The vision shooting module 43 integrated on the side cover plate 37 of the sliding seat 36 scans half of the seedling tray 8 one by one, collects the image data of the seedlings in the seedling trough 9, and transmits it back to the electronic control module 16 in real time for phenotypic analysis. The two sets of staggered lifting components 10 and sampling components 11 can work alternately to improve the efficiency and comprehensiveness of the inspection. The other half of the seedling tray 8 is scanned. After the subsequent scanning is completed, the sliding seat 36 returns to the guide rail seat 33 along the original path, and the lifting component 10 switches to the next layer for scanning.When the visual imaging module 43 detects ungerminated seeds, weak seedlings, or individuals requiring sampling, the electronic control module 16 locks their precise coordinates. During this process, the lifting assembly 10 repositions the guide rail 33 to the target layer, the sliding seat 36 moves directly above the seedling trough 9, and the electric push rod 38 pushes the U-shaped bracket 39 to move horizontally. Simultaneously, the two servo motors 40 coordinate to adjust the angle of the sampling tube 41 so that the tube opening faces downwards. Then, the electric push rod 38 and the drive gear 44 lower, allowing the lower end of the sampling tube 41 to be precisely aligned with the target. Subsequently, the lifting assembly 10 operates, and the lifting screw 32 moves the sampling assembly 11 downwards, allowing the sampling tube 41 to be inserted into the seedling trough 9. Then, the micro vacuum pump 42 is activated, generating negative pressure inside the sampling tube 41. The process involves drawing seeds or seedlings into the tube, and then the sampling component 11, carrying waste material, moves to the outlet 14 on the side insulation plate 2 under the action of the sliding seat 36. During this process, the lifting component 10 finely adjusts the height so that the sampling tube 41 is aligned with the outlet 14. The electric push rod 38 pushes the sampling tube 41 into the outlet 14, and the micro vacuum pump 42 blows air in the opposite direction. The waste material falls into the long shell 46 of the discharge component 4 by gravity and airflow. When the waste material falls, it pushes open the bottom sealing plate 49. The sealing plate 49 drives the rotating rod 47 to rotate downwards against the spring force of the coil spring 48, opening the outlet and discharging the waste material. After the waste material is discharged, the electric push rod 38 retracts, and the coil spring 48 automatically drives the sealing plate 49 to reset and close, quickly sealing the outlet 14 and preventing the exchange of the internal and external environments of the box, ensuring that the cultivation stability is not disrupted.

[0040] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A breeding device for maize seeds, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The base (1) has side insulation plates (2) bolted on both sides of the top, and multiple support rails (7) are bolted on the inner sidewalls of the two side insulation plates (2). An L-shaped tray (28) is integrally formed on one side of the top of the support rail (7). A seedling tray (8) is placed on the L-shaped tray (28) on the top of the two support rails (7) on the two side insulation plates (2). A number of seedling troughs (9) are arranged in an array on the outer wall of the top of the seedling tray (8). A toothed groove (26) is opened on one side of the outer wall of the support rail (7). A long toothed rack (27) is bolted on one side of the inner wall of the toothed groove (26). Lifting components (10) are bolted to the inner walls of the two side insulation plates (2) respectively, and the two lifting components (10) on the two side insulation plates (2) are staggered. The lifting component (10) includes a lifting guide rail (29). A long sliding groove (30) is provided on one side of the outer wall of the lifting guide rail (29), and a lifting screw (32) is installed inside the long sliding groove (30) through a bearing. A guide rail seat (33) is slidably installed inside the long sliding groove (30). The guide rail seat (33) is threadedly connected to the lifting screw (32). A rack groove (34) is provided on one side of the outer wall of the guide rail seat (33), and a short rack (35) is bolted to the top side of the inner wall of the rack groove (34). A lifting drive motor (31) is bolted to the top of the lifting guide rail (29), and the output end of the lifting drive motor (31) is installed together with the top of the lifting screw (32) through a coupling. A sampling component (11) is provided on one side of the lifting assembly (10). The sampling component (11) includes a sliding seat (36). The sliding seat (36) is slidably engaged with the guide rail seat (33). A translation drive motor (45) is bolted to one side of the inner wall of the sliding seat (36). A drive gear (44) is keyed to the output end of the translation drive motor (45). The drive gear (44) extends into the rack groove (34) and meshes with the short rack (35). When the guide rail seat (33) is aligned with the support guide rail (7), the sliding seat (36) can pass through the drive gear (44). 4) The short rack (35) and long rack (27) are engaged and slide on the support guide rail (7). A cover plate (37) is bolted on one side of the outer wall of the sliding seat (36). An electric push rod (38) is bolted on one side of the outer wall of the cover plate (37). A U-shaped bracket (39) is bolted on the output end of the electric push rod (38). A servo motor (40) is bolted on both sides of the outer wall of the U-shaped bracket (39). A sampling tube (41) is bolted on the output end of the two servo motors (40). A micro vacuum pump (42) is bolted on one end of the sampling tube (41).

2. The breeding device for maize seed selection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side insulation plate (2) has a discharge port (14) on one side of its outer wall. The exposed side of the side insulation plate (2) is bolted with a discharge assembly (4). The discharge assembly (4) includes a long shell (46) and the long shell (46) is in communication with the discharge port (14).

3. The breeding device for maize seed selection according to claim 2, characterized in that, A rotating rod (47) is installed at the bottom opening of the long shell (46) via a bearing, and coil springs (48) are snapped at both ends of the rotating rod (47). One end of the coil spring (48) is bolted to one side of the inner wall of the long shell (46), and a sealing plate (49) is welded to one side of the bottom of the rotating rod (47).

4. The breeding device for maize seed selection according to claim 1, characterized in that, One of the side insulation panels (2) has a door (3) installed on one side of its outer wall via a hinge. A hollow shell (5) is bolted to one side of the top of the base (1), and a top mounting box (6) is bolted to one side of the top of the hollow shell (5). The top mounting box (6), the hollow shell (5), the door (3), the base (1), and the two side insulation panels (2) constitute a closed seedling box.

5. A breeding device for maize seed selection according to claim 4, characterized in that, The hollow shell (5) has six mounting holes (20) on one side of its outer wall, and the mounting holes (20) are bolted with dustproof nets (21).

6. The breeding device for maize seed selection according to claim 4, characterized in that, A square hole (19) is provided on one side of the bottom of the inner wall of the top mounting box (6). The square hole (19) is connected to the hollow shell (5). The top mounting box (6) is provided with a temperature and humidity module (15) and an electrical control module (16). The temperature and humidity module (15) is connected to the hollow shell (5) through the square hole (19).

7. A breeding device for maize seed selection according to claim 4, characterized in that, A hollow shaft (12) is installed between the base (1) and the top mounting box (6) via a bearing, and multiple spray pipes (13) arranged in a linear array are bolted on the outside of the hollow shaft (12). Multiple spray holes (24) arranged in a linear array are opened on one side of the outer wall of the spray pipe (13), and multiple through holes (25) are opened on one side of the outer wall of the hollow shaft (12). The hollow shaft (12) communicates with the multiple spray pipes (13) through the through holes (25).

8. A breeding device for maize seed selection according to claim 7, characterized in that, The mounting cylinder (23) is bolted to one side of the inner wall of the base (1). One end of the hollow shaft (12) is located inside the mounting cylinder (23). A water pump (22) is bolted to one side of the inner wall of the base (1). The water pump (22) is connected to the mounting cylinder (23) through a pipe.

9. A breeding device for maize seed selection according to claim 8, characterized in that, The top mounting box (6) is bolted with a support plate (17), and a rotary drive motor (18) is bolted on one side of the top of the support plate (17). The output end of the rotary drive motor (18) is connected to the top of the hollow shaft (12) via a coupling.

10. A breeding device for maize seed selection according to claim 4, characterized in that, A visual imaging module (43) is bolted to one side of the bottom of the U-shaped bracket (39), and the visual imaging module (43) is electrically connected to the electronic control module (16) via a wire.

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