A barley seedling hydroponic cultivation method and modular planting system

Abstract

A barley seedling hydroponic cultivation method and a modular planting system, relating to the technical field of hydroponic pasture, comprising the following steps: screening and disinfecting barley seeds; dry-wet alternating seed soaking and germination is carried out on the screened and disinfected barley seeds to obtain barley seedlings; according to the growth stage of the barley seedlings, the corresponding cultivation environment is provided for the barley seedlings; wherein, the cultivation environment includes suitable growth conditions and moderate stress conditions; the suitable growth conditions include light conditions, and the moderate stress conditions include spraying conditions. The present application combines suitable growth conditions and moderate stress conditions, which helps to further improve the production efficiency and production quality of hydroponic barley seedlings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hydroponic forage technology, and in particular relates to a method for hydroponic cultivation of barley seedlings and a modular planting system. Background Technology

[0002] Hydroponic barley grass is barley seedlings grown from barley seeds in a controlled, soilless environment. The entire cultivation process uses only water or nutrient solution, requiring no soil, and the barley seedlings can be harvested after 7-10 days of cultivation.

[0003] For example, patent CN113207665B discloses a continuous hydroponic forage cultivation method, including the following steps: (1) Seed pretreatment: soaking forage seeds in a bleach solution, then rinsing them with clean water; then soaking the seeds in clean water with an oxygen content of 4-5 mg / L; (2) adding the soaked seeds to the seed inlet of the cultivation system, and then sowing the seeds into the planting trough at a certain density; (3) pushing the planting trough containing the seeds to the cultivation area in the tower through a transmission device; setting the temperature, humidity, nutrient solution irrigation, light, carbon dioxide content and ventilation of the cultivation area, and carrying out cultivation; thus completing the entire production process. Its continuous hydroponic forage cultivation method ensures that the forage is in the optimal growth environment by controlling the dynamic changes of various environmental parameters involved in the cultivation process, achieving higher production efficiency and higher forage quality, and can significantly increase the effective nutrient content of fresh forage products.

[0004] However, the current production efficiency and quality of hydroponically grown barley seedlings are not high, and there is still room for improvement.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a hydroponic cultivation method for barley seedlings and a modular planting system to solve the problems in the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydroponic cultivation method and modular planting system for barley seedlings, which solves the problems of low production efficiency and quality of hydroponic barley seedlings mentioned in the background art by providing suitable growth conditions and moderate stress conditions for barley seedlings.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A method for hydroponic cultivation of barley seedlings includes the following steps:

[0009] Barley seeds were screened and disinfected;

[0010] After screening and disinfection, barley seeds are soaked in alternating wet and dry conditions to promote germination, resulting in barley seedlings.

[0011] Based on the growth stage of barley seedlings, corresponding cultivation environments are provided for the barley seedlings; wherein, the cultivation environment includes suitable growth conditions and moderate stress conditions; the suitable growth conditions include light conditions, and the moderate stress conditions include spraying conditions.

[0012] Furthermore, the growth stages of the barley seedlings include: root promotion period, seedling strengthening period, and quality improvement period; the root promotion period is day 1-2, the seedling strengthening period is day 3-4, and the quality improvement period is day 5-7.

[0013] The light conditions during the root-promoting period include: a daily light duration of 4 to 6 hours and a light intensity (PPFD) of 180 to 240 μmol / (m²). 2 ·s), wherein the light quality ratio during the root-promoting period is red light: blue light: green light = (2.5~3.5):(2.5~3.5):(3.5~4.5);

[0014] The light conditions during the seedling stage include: a daily light duration of 6-8 hours and a light intensity (PPFD) of 260-320 μmol / (m²). 2 ·s), wherein the light quality ratio during the seedling stage is red light: blue light = (4.0~5.0):(1.0~2.0);

[0015] The light conditions during the quality improvement period include: a daily light duration of 8–10 hours and a light intensity PPFD of 330–400 μmol / (m²). 2 ·s), wherein the light quality ratio is red light:infrared light = (2.6~3.4):1. The spraying conditions include:

[0016] On days 1 to 3, spraying intervals are 2 to 4 hours, and each spraying session lasts 3 to 7 seconds.

[0017] From day 4 until harvest, spray every 1-2 hours, with each spray lasting 3-7 seconds.

[0018] The cultivation environment also includes: relative humidity conditions; the relative humidity conditions include:

[0019] On days 1-2, the relative humidity is 65%-75%;

[0020] The relative humidity was 65%–75% from day 3 to day 7.

[0021] Furthermore, the cultivation environment also includes:

[0022] Temperature conditions: Daytime temperature 20℃~24℃, nighttime temperature 16℃~18℃, with a day-night temperature difference controlled between 3℃ and 8℃;

[0023] CO2 concentration conditions; the CO2 concentration conditions include: for days 1-2, the CO2 concentration is 380-420 ppm; for days 3-7, the CO2 concentration is gradually increased to 700-800 ppm;

[0024] Wind speed conditions: The wind speed range is 0.3m / s to 0.8m / s, and the wind speed gradually increases with the growth stage.

[0025] Furthermore, the nutrient solution formula for spraying includes:

[0026] Calcium nitrate 125mg / L~139mg / L, potassium nitrate 995mg / L~1035mg / L, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 302mg / L~318mg / L, magnesium sulfate 92mg / L~100mg / L, EDTA chelated iron 17mg / L~18mg / L, sodium metasilicate 25mg / L~31mg / L

[0027] Boric acid 0.35 mg / L~0.41 mg / L, manganese sulfate 0.21 mg / L~0.25 mg / L, zinc sulfate 0.025 mg / L~0.029 mg / L, copper sulfate 0.007 mg / L~0.008 mg / L, and ammonium molybdate 0.010 mg / L~0.012 mg / L.

[0028] Furthermore, the nutrient solution has a pH of 6.0 to 7.0 and an EC of 1.70 mS / cm to 1.80 mS / cm.

[0029] Furthermore, the screening and disinfection of the barley seeds includes the following steps:

[0030] Use barley seeds with a germination rate of ≥90%;

[0031] Soak in a disinfectant solution with an effective chlorine concentration of 200–350 mg / L for 4–6 hours, then rinse thoroughly with clean water.

[0032] Furthermore, the alternating wet and dry soaking for germination includes a wet soaking stage and a dry soaking stage, with the dry soaking stage following the wet soaking stage;

[0033] The wet soaking stage includes the following steps: soaking in clean water for 4 to 6 hours;

[0034] The dry soaking stage includes the following steps: thoroughly draining water, spraying for 30-60 seconds every 1.0-1.5 hours for 6-10 hours.

[0035] A modular planting system, comprising:

[0036] Modular tiered planting rack, including planting layers;

[0037] A dynamically dimming light source is installed in the modular, layered planting rack.

[0038] The time-sharing oscillating spray unit is installed in the modular layered planting rack;

[0039] A closed-loop nutrient solution circulation system is installed in the modular layered planting rack;

[0040] An automatic UV / O3 disinfection unit is installed in the modular layered planting rack;

[0041] The intelligent control cabinet is installed in the modular layered planting rack and is connected to the dynamic dimming light source, the time-sharing swing spray unit, the nutrient solution closed-loop circulation system, and the UV / O3 automatic disinfection unit.

[0042] Furthermore, the dynamic dimming light source is located above the planting layer; the time-division oscillating spray unit is located below the planting layer.

[0043] Furthermore, the nutrient solution closed-loop circulation system includes:

[0044] The main sprinkler pipe is located below the planting layer;

[0045] A fan-shaped sprinkler head, connected to the main sprinkler pipe, is positioned below the planting layer;

[0046] A return trough is located below the main spray pipe;

[0047] A filtration unit, connected to the return tank, is used for filtering the nutrient solution;

[0048] A circulating water tank, the inlet of which is connected to the filter unit; and an outlet connected to the main spray pipe, the outlet being equipped with a water pump.

[0049] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0050] (1) This application combines suitable growth conditions and moderate stress conditions, which helps to further improve the production efficiency and quality of hydroponic barley seedlings.

[0051] (2) This application deeply adapts the nutrient solution formula to three-stage dynamic lighting, time-sharing spraying, and segmented environmental control. Its cultivation environment is deeply coupled with the crop growth rhythm and parameters, and the nutrient solution components and ratio range are specifically optimized. The ratio of nitrogen, potassium, calcium, and magnesium avoids the problems of salt accumulation during intermittent watering, element imbalance during dry and wet alternation, and root fertilizer damage. The addition of low-concentration soluble silicon enhances the root system's resistance to dry and wet stress, inhibits the attachment and proliferation of mold on the root surface, and synergistically enhances the anti-mold system during germination in this application. It is specifically adapted to the special cultivation mode of dry and wet alternation and intermittent time-sharing spraying. Multiple sets of comparative experiments have verified that compared with the industry's traditional process and general nutrient solution, this invention can significantly improve plant growth and crude protein content, and reduce the mold incidence rate to 0.4%. The whole solution has convenient raw material procurement and a wide range of adjustable parameters, which is conducive to large-scale implementation and promotion in the industry.

[0052] (3) The hydroponic cultivation equipment corresponding to the hydroponic cultivation method of this application can be adapted to multiple scenarios such as containers and small indoor spaces, taking into account small-scale trials, pilot-scale trials and large-scale mass production. Overall, it has outstanding synergistic effect and industrial application value.

[0053] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be disclosed in detail in the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the method in this application;

[0055] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the system in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0056] To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of this invention, the invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0057] Example 1

[0058] A method for hydroponic cultivation of barley seedlings, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0059] Barley seeds were screened and disinfected;

[0060] After screening and disinfection, barley seeds are soaked in alternating wet and dry conditions to promote germination, resulting in barley seedlings.

[0061] Based on the growth stage of barley seedlings, corresponding cultivation environments are provided for the barley seedlings; wherein, the cultivation environment includes suitable growth conditions and moderate stress conditions; the suitable growth conditions include light conditions, and the moderate stress conditions include spraying conditions.

[0062] In this embodiment, the growth stages of the barley seedlings include: root promotion period, seedling strengthening period, and quality improvement period; the root promotion period is day 1 to 2, the seedling strengthening period is day 3 to 4, and the quality improvement period is day 5 to 7.

[0063] The light conditions during the root-promoting period include: a daily light duration of 4-6 hours and a light intensity (PPFD) of 180 μmol / (m²). 2 ·s)~240μmol / (m 2 ·s), wherein the light quality ratio during the root-promoting period is red light: blue light: green light = (2.5~3.5):(2.5~3.5):(3.5~4.5);

[0064] The light conditions during the seedling stage include: a daily light duration of 6-8 hours and a light intensity (PPFD) of 260 μmol / (m²). 2 ·s)~320μmol / (m 2 ·s), wherein the light quality ratio during the seedling stage is red light: blue light = (4.0~5.0):(1.0~2.0);

[0065] The light conditions during the quality improvement period include: a daily light duration of 8–10 hours and a light intensity PPFD of 330 μmol / (m²). 2 ·s)~400μmol / (m 2 ·s), where the light quality ratio is red light: infrared light = (2.6~3.4):1.

[0066] Specifically, light quality and duration can be finely adjusted within a range based on barley variety and environmental conditions to achieve dynamic optimization.

[0067] The spraying conditions include:

[0068] On days 1-3, the spraying interval is 2-4 hours, each spraying session lasts 3-7 seconds, and the spraying rate per unit area is 0.25-0.45 L / m². 2 From the 4th day until harvest, spraying should be done at intervals of 1-2 hours, with each spray lasting 3-7 seconds, and a single spraying rate of 0.30-0.50 L / m² per unit area. 2 Throughout the process, the nutrient solution should be controlled to prevent root immersion and waterlogging.

[0069] During spraying, the spraying parameters can be adjusted according to the seedling condition and ambient humidity, ensuring that the nutrient solution does not soak the roots or flood the soil.

[0070] The cultivation environment also includes: relative humidity conditions; the relative humidity conditions include:

[0071] On days 1-2, the relative humidity is 65%-75%;

[0072] The relative humidity was 65%–75% from day 3 to day 7.

[0073] Temperature conditions: Daytime temperature is 20℃~24℃, nighttime temperature is 16℃~18℃, and the temperature difference between day and night is controlled within 3℃~8℃.

[0074] CO2 concentration conditions: On days 1-2, the CO2 concentration is 380-420 ppm; on days 3-7, the CO2 concentration is gradually increased to 700-800 ppm.

[0075] Wind speed conditions: range from 0.3m / s to 0.8m / s, with the wind speed gradually increasing according to the growth stage, used for ventilation, dehumidification, and inhibiting mold growth.

[0076] The screening and disinfection of the barley seeds includes the following steps:

[0077] Use barley seeds with a germination rate of ≥90%;

[0078] Soak in a disinfectant solution with an effective chlorine concentration of 200-350 mg / L for 4-6 hours, then rinse thoroughly with clean water.

[0079] In this embodiment, a chlorine preparation of 300 mg / L was used for soaking for 5 hours.

[0080] The aforementioned alternating wet and dry soaking for germination includes a wet soaking stage and a dry soaking stage, with the dry soaking stage following the wet soaking stage.

[0081] The wet soaking stage includes the following steps: soaking in clean water for 4 to 6 hours;

[0082] The dry soaking stage includes the following steps: thorough drainage, spraying for 30-60 seconds every 1.0-1.5 hours, wherein the single spraying volume per unit area is 0.25 L / m². 2 ~0.45L / m 2 It lasts for 6 to 10 hours.

[0083] Both the wet soaking and dry soaking stages include: continuous aeration and oxygen supply, and heat dissipation through top ventilation openings. Specifically, the lower part of the wet and dry alternating soaking and germination equipment is equipped with a water storage area and nano-aeration components. During wet soaking, the seeds are immersed in water and aerated for oxygenation. During dry soaking, the perforated seedling trays are suspended above the water surface, and the rising water vapor from the aeration helps to keep the seed surface moist and promote germination.

[0084] In this embodiment, the completion standard for the alternating wet and dry soaking and germination process is: a white sprouting rate of ≥90%.

[0085] Specifically, in this embodiment, the wet soaking stage lasts for 5 hours with continuous aeration; the dry soaking stage lasts for 8 hours, with spraying for 45 seconds every 1.25 hours, and a single spraying volume of 0.35 L / m² per unit area. 2 Aeration throughout the entire process.

[0086] Specifically, in this embodiment, the cultivation environment is as follows:

[0087] On days 1 and 2, the daily light duration was 5 hours, and the light intensity PPFD was 210 μmol / (m²). 2 •s), the light quality ratio is red light: blue light: green light = 3:3:4, with blue light as the main component, to promote root germination and growth;

[0088] On days 3 and 4, the daily light duration was 7 hours, and the light intensity PPFD was 290 μmol / (m²). 2 The light quality ratio is red light: blue light = 4.5:1.5, with red and blue light as the main components, which promotes stem and leaf growth and plant vigor.

[0089] From day 5 to 7, the daily light duration was 9 hours, and the light intensity PPFD was 365 μmol / (m²). 2 The light quality ratio is red light: infrared light = 3.0: 1, which increases the proportion of far-red light and promotes the accumulation of dry matter and the enhancement of nutrients.

[0090] The spraying conditions include:

[0091] From day 1 to day 3, the spraying interval was 3 hours, each spraying session lasted 5 seconds, and the spraying rate per unit area per spraying session was 0.35 L / m². 2 From day 4 until harvest, spraying should be done at 1.5-hour intervals, with each spray lasting 5 seconds, and a single spraying rate of 0.40 L / m² per unit area. 2 Throughout the process, the nutrient solution should be controlled to prevent root immersion and waterlogging.

[0092] The relative humidity is 70%; the daytime temperature is 22℃ and the nighttime temperature is 17℃; the wind speed is 0.55m / s.

[0093] The CO2 concentration was as follows: 400 ppm on days 1-2; and gradually increased to 750 ppm on days 3-7.

[0094] In this embodiment, the nutrient solution used for spraying is the industry-standard barley hydroponic nutrient solution, and its components are as follows:

[0095] Calcium nitrate 100mg / L, potassium nitrate 880mg / L, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 280mg / L, magnesium sulfate 75mg / L, EDTA iron 14mg / L, with routine trace amounts of boron, manganese, zinc, copper, and molybdenum, and no soluble silicon components.

[0096] The control parameters are pH 5.8~7.2 and EC 1.6~1.9 mS / cm.

[0097] Specifically, in this embodiment, the nutrient solution has a pH of 6.3 and an EC of 1.8 mS / cm.

[0098] A modular planting system, such as Figure 2 As shown, it includes:

[0099] A modular, tiered planting rack includes a planting layer for planting barley seedlings;

[0100] A dynamic dimming light source is installed in the modular layered planting rack for switching between multiple light qualities;

[0101] The time-sharing oscillating spray unit is installed in the modular layered planting rack for uniform spraying of nutrient solution;

[0102] A closed-loop nutrient solution circulation system is installed in the modular layered planting rack for closed-loop circulation of the nutrient solution.

[0103] The UV / O3 automatic disinfection unit is installed in the modular layered planting rack for sterilizing and disinfecting the nutrient solution and the environment.

[0104] The intelligent control cabinet is installed in the modular layered planting rack and is connected to the dynamic dimming light source, the time-sharing swing spray unit, the nutrient solution closed-loop circulation system and the UV / O3 automatic disinfection unit, respectively, to regulate the parameters of light, spraying, temperature, humidity and CO2.

[0105] The planting system described in this application is modular in design and can be installed in a 20-foot container or a small indoor space.

[0106] Specifically, the humidity and CO2 control devices can refer to existing technologies, and will not be described in detail in this application.

[0107] The dynamic dimming light source is located above the planting layer; the time-division oscillating spray unit is located below the planting layer.

[0108] The closed-loop nutrient solution circulation system includes:

[0109] The main sprinkler pipe is located below the planting layer;

[0110] A fan-shaped sprinkler head, connected to the main sprinkler pipe, is positioned below the planting layer;

[0111] A return trough is located below the main spray pipe;

[0112] A filtration unit, connected to the return tank, is used for filtering the nutrient solution;

[0113] A circulating water tank, the inlet of which is connected to the filter unit; and an outlet connected to the main spray pipe, the outlet being equipped with a water pump.

[0114] The nutrient solution in the water tank is pressurized by a water pump and then delivered to the fan-shaped sprinkler heads through the main sprinkler pipe to spray the barley seedlings in the planting layer. After spraying, the nutrient solution is collected through a return tank and returned to the water tank for recycling. This design can reduce nutrient solution waste and increase water and fertilizer utilization rate by more than 50%.

[0115] Furthermore, the system adopts a modular design, which allows it to be adapted to fully automated operation in 20-foot containers or enclosed indoor cabins.

[0116] Example 2

[0117] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that, in this embodiment, the nutrient solution uses a specially optimized formula adapted to the entire cultivation sequence of this application, and the specific formula range is as follows:

[0118] Calcium nitrate 125mg / L~139mg / L, potassium nitrate 995mg / L~1035mg / L, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 302mg / L~318mg / L, magnesium sulfate 92mg / L~100mg / L, EDTA chelated iron 17mg / L~18mg / L, sodium metasilicate 25mg / L~31mg / L;

[0119] The trace element ratio range is as follows: boric acid 0.35mg / L~0.41mg / L, manganese sulfate 0.21mg / L~0.25mg / L, zinc sulfate 0.025mg / L~0.029mg / L, copper sulfate 0.007mg / L~0.008mg / L, and ammonium molybdate 0.010mg / L~0.012mg / L.

[0120] This formulation is suitable for alternating wet and dry germination and intermittent spraying processes. It can inhibit salt accumulation, alleviate root stress caused by wet and dry conditions, reduce mold growth, and does not contain selenium or sodium nitrophenolate growth regulators.

[0121] The nutrient solution has a pH of 6.0 to 7.0 and an EC of 1.70 mS / cm to 1.80 mS / cm.

[0122] Preferably, in this embodiment, the median value of the above intervals is taken.

[0123] This formula is specifically optimized for alternating wet and dry germination processes combined with intermittent spraying, differing from the industry's commonly used nutrient solutions for continuous irrigation. Specifically, the formula adjusts the ratio of nitrogen, potassium, calcium, and magnesium to avoid problems such as salt accumulation during intermittent watering, nutrient imbalance during alternating wet and dry periods, and root fertilizer damage. The addition of a low concentration of soluble silicon enhances the roots' resistance to wet and dry stress, inhibits mold growth on the root surface, and synergizes with the invention's source-based mold-inhibiting system. Furthermore, this formula is deeply adapted to three-stage dynamic light and segmented environmental control, synergistically promoting the accumulation of dry matter and crude protein in plants. Moreover, the low barrier to raw material procurement facilitates large-scale industry-wide implementation and promotion.

[0124] In this application, the lighting conditions are dynamic lighting; the spraying conditions are time-segmented spraying; and other cultivation environment conditions are segmented environments.

[0125] Comparative Example 1

[0126] A method for hydroponic cultivation of barley seedlings, which differs from Example 2 in that the light conditions are fixed; the spraying conditions are fixed; and other cultivation environmental conditions are fixed, as detailed below:

[0127] (1) Illumination: Single light quality R:B=3:1 throughout the entire process, fixed 6 hours of illumination throughout the day, and constant light intensity of 240 μmol / (m²). 2 ·s), no phased dynamic adjustment

[0128] (2) Spraying: Spraying for 5 seconds every 2 hours throughout the day, with a single spray volume of 0.32 L / m². 2 Adjust the interval and spray volume regardless of the growth stage;

[0129] (3) Environment: Temperature 21℃, humidity 70%, CO2 400ppm, wind speed 0.5m / s throughout the entire cycle, with no gradient changes.

[0130] Comparative Example 2

[0131] A method for hydroponic cultivation of barley seedlings, which differs from Comparative Example 1 in that the germination method is the traditional soaking germination method.

[0132] The traditional soaking and germination process is as follows: during the soaking stage, barley seeds are completely submerged in clean water at a temperature of 21°C for 10 hours without aeration or switching between wet and dry conditions. After soaking, the bottom of the seedling tray is kept moist by accumulating water for a long time, with only a small amount of water sprayed daily to maintain moisture. There is no timed or intermittent spraying, and the seeds are naturally germinated in the dark for 60 hours.

[0133] Comparative Example 3

[0134] A hydroponic cultivation method for barley seedlings, which differs from Comparative Example 1 in that the light conditions are dynamic light.

[0135] Comparative Example 4

[0136] A hydroponic cultivation method for barley seedlings, which differs from Comparative Example 1 in that the spraying conditions are timed spraying.

[0137] Comparative Example 5

[0138] A hydroponic cultivation method for barley seedlings, which differs from Comparative Example 1 in that other cultivation environmental conditions are segmented environments.

[0139] Comparative Example 6

[0140] A hydroponic cultivation method for barley seedlings, which differs from Comparative Example 1 in that the light conditions are dynamic light and the spraying conditions are timed spraying.

[0141] Comparative Example 7

[0142] A hydroponic cultivation method for barley seedlings differs from Comparative Example 1 in that the light conditions are dynamic light and other cultivation environmental conditions are segmented environments.

[0143] Comparative Example 8

[0144] A method for hydroponic cultivation of barley seedlings, which differs from Comparative Example 1 in that the spraying condition is timed spraying, and other cultivation environmental conditions are segmented environments.

[0145] Plant height, single-tray fresh weight, crude protein, and mold rate were measured in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and the results are shown in Table 1. The tests were repeated three times, and the average value was taken. Specifically, the methods used for measuring plant height, single-tray fresh weight, crude protein, and mold rate are existing technologies and will not be described further in this application.

[0146] Table 1:

[0147]

[0148] The data analysis in Table 1 is as follows: the soaking method has minimal impact on the height, biomass, and basic nutrient content of barley seedlings; the traditional continuous soaking mode is prone to water accumulation and oxygen deficiency, with a mold incidence rate as high as 3.1%. The dry and wet alternating soaking combined with aeration and heat dissipation process of this invention can reduce the mold incidence rate to 1.6%, achieving source inhibition of bacteria from the seed germination stage.

[0149] The plant height, fresh weight per tray, crude protein, and mold rate of Comparative Examples 1, 3 to 8, and Examples 1 and 2 were tested, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0150]

[0151] The data analysis in Table 1 is as follows:

[0152] Single-factor effects: Three-stage dynamic light can significantly promote plant growth, but the improvement in nutrition is limited; time-segmented spraying and segmented environment can increase crude protein and help inhibit mold, but will inhibit plant growth.

[0153] Dual-factor combination: dynamic light combined with spraying / environment can balance growth and nutrition; under the dual stress of spraying + environment, nutrition is optimal, but plant growth is significantly inhibited.

[0154] Three-factor full coupling: dynamic light compensates for the growth deficiencies caused by stress, and spraying and environmental enhancement enhance nutrient accumulation and antibacterial effects, with comprehensive performance far exceeding the simple superposition of various processes.

[0155] Meanwhile, compared with the industry's general nutrient solution for continuous irrigation that is not optimized for alternating wet and dry conditions and intermittent spraying processes, the proprietary formula of this application adjusts the element ratio and adds a low concentration of silicon. The two have significant differences in composition and suitable scenarios, and the overall effect of promoting growth, enriching crude protein, and inhibiting mold in the cultivation environment of this application is better.

[0156] In summary, this application precisely couples four mature processes—alternating wet and dry soaking, three-stage dynamic lighting, timed spraying, and segmented environmental conditions—based on the physiological rhythms of barley seedling growth, in terms of timing and parameters. Alternating wet and dry soaking is the basic antifungal unit, while three-stage dynamic lighting, timed spraying, and segmented environmental conditions are the three core functional units. Individual or dual processes each have inherent shortcomings; however, the combined use of all three complements each other's strengths and weaknesses, amplifying their effectiveness and achieving a super-synergistic effect of 1+1+1>3. The specific mechanism is explained below with reference to experimental data and published literature:

[0157] (1) Soaking seeds in alternating wet and dry conditions

[0158] Traditional continuous soaking of seeds easily creates a waterlogged and oxygen-deficient environment, which is the primary cause of mold and seed rot. This invention uses an alternating wet and dry soaking method combined with aeration and heat dissipation to disrupt the survival conditions of mold, reducing the basic mold incidence rate from 3.2% to 1.6%. The main function of this process is to control mold growth, without significantly interfering with plant growth or nutrient accumulation.

[0159] (2) Three-segment dynamic lighting

[0160] Dynamic lighting is the core growth-promoting unit. By matching differentiated light quality and duration according to different growth stages of barley, the photosynthetic efficiency is optimized, which can significantly increase plant height and biomass. However, using dynamic lighting alone only increases plant height by 1.8 cm, and crude protein only increases slightly; therefore, this process alone cannot solve the mold problem, nor can it maximize nutrient enrichment.

[0161] (3) Time-sharing spraying

[0162] Intermittent spraying avoids root flooding and waterlogging, while creating mild water stress to activate the plant's secondary metabolic pathways and increase the content of nutrients such as crude protein. However, water stress will slightly inhibit plant growth, and biomass will decrease slightly when used alone. It also has an auxiliary antifungal effect.

[0163] (4) Segmented Environment

[0164] The segmented environment is a unit for improving quality under environmental stress and assisting in mold suppression. By controlling the gradient temperature, humidity, CO2, and wind speed, it creates environmental stress to promote nutrient accumulation on the one hand, and further suppresses mold by reducing humidity and ventilation on the other hand. However, this mode alone has the most obvious inhibitory effect on plant growth, and the plant height and fresh weight are the lowest when used alone.

[0165] (5) Multi-process hierarchical coupling and synergy

[0166] Dual-factor combination: Dynamic light combined with spraying and environment can balance growth and nutrition to a certain extent; the combination of spraying and environment provides the best nutrition, but growth shortcomings cannot be eliminated.

[0167] Three-factor full coupling: dynamic light counteracts the inhibitory effects of moisture and environmental stress on growth; spraying and segmented environment superposition continuously improve nutrient content and enhance the anti-mold effect.

[0168] Based on data calculations, it can be seen that the simple superposition of the three process theories will result in a reduction in fresh weight per tray, while the actual combined use will significantly increase fresh weight and plant height, and reduce mold to 0.4%.

[0169] Based on Table 2:

[0170] Single-factor theory superposition: total plant height increased by 2.7cm, and total fresh weight per tray increased by 54g;

[0171] Actual effects of the three factors: plant height increased by 4.5cm, and fresh weight per tray increased by 170g.

[0172] Therefore, the actual improvement in Embodiment 2 of this application is much higher than the theoretical superposition value, which fully proves that the units are not simply pieced together, but achieve a superposition synergistic effect.

[0173] In summary, the entire process described in this application is adapted to the physiological characteristics of the plant throughout its entire growth stage, offering strong controllability and stable product output. The average height of the finished barley seedlings reaches 21.5 cm, with a single tray fresh weight of 1350 g. The crude protein content is consistently ≥18.5%, reaching a maximum of 19.0%, demonstrating balanced nutrition. Compared to conventional cultivation methods, plant height and crude protein content are significantly increased, mold incidence is drastically reduced, and overall quality stability is stronger.

[0174] It is understood that the present invention has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Furthermore, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0175] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for hydroponic cultivation of barley seedlings, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Barley seeds were screened and disinfected; After screening and disinfection, barley seeds are soaked in alternating wet and dry conditions to promote germination, resulting in barley seedlings. Based on the growth stage of barley seedlings, corresponding cultivation environments are provided for the barley seedlings; wherein, the cultivation environment includes suitable growth conditions and moderate stress conditions; the suitable growth conditions include light conditions, and the moderate stress conditions include spraying conditions.

2. The method for hydroponic cultivation of barley seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The growth stages of the barley seedlings include: root promotion period, seedling strengthening period, and quality improvement period; the root promotion period is day 1-2, the seedling strengthening period is day 3-4, and the quality improvement period is day 5-7. The light conditions during the root-promoting period include: a daily light duration of 4 to 6 hours, wherein the light quality ratio during the root-promoting period is red light: blue light: green light = (2.5~3.5) : (3.5~4.5); The light conditions during the seedling stage include: a daily light duration of 6 to 8 hours, wherein the light quality ratio during the seedling stage is red light: blue light = (4.0~5.0):(1.0~2.0); The lighting conditions during the quality improvement period include: a daily lighting duration of 8-10 hours, wherein the light quality ratio is red light: infrared light = (2.6-3.4):1; The spraying conditions include: On days 1 to 3, spraying intervals are 2 to 4 hours, and each spraying session lasts 3 to 7 seconds. From the 4th day until harvest, spraying intervals are 1-2 hours, and each spraying session lasts 3-7 seconds. The cultivation environment also includes: relative humidity conditions; the relative humidity conditions include: On days 1-2, the relative humidity is 65%-75%; The relative humidity was 65%–75% from day 3 to day 7.

3. The method for hydroponic cultivation of barley seedlings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cultivation environment also includes: Temperature conditions: Daytime temperature 20℃~24℃, nighttime temperature 16℃~18℃, with a day-night temperature difference controlled between 3℃ and 8℃; CO2 concentration conditions: On days 1-2, the CO2 concentration is 380-420 ppm; on days 3-7, the CO2 concentration is gradually increased to 700-800 ppm. Wind speed conditions: The wind speed range is 0.3m / s to 0.8m / s, and the wind speed gradually increases with the growth stage.

4. A method for hydroponic cultivation of barley seedlings according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The nutrient solution formula for spraying includes: Calcium nitrate 125mg / L~139mg / L, potassium nitrate 995mg / L~1035mg / L, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 302mg / L~318mg / L, magnesium sulfate 92mg / L~100mg / L, EDTA chelated iron 17mg / L~18mg / L, sodium metasilicate 25mg / L~31mg / L Boric acid 0.35 mg / L~0.41 mg / L, manganese sulfate 0.21 mg / L~0.25 mg / L, zinc sulfate 0.025 mg / L~0.029 mg / L, copper sulfate 0.007 mg / L~0.008 mg / L, and ammonium molybdate 0.010 mg / L~0.012 mg / L.

5. The method for hydroponic cultivation of barley seedlings according to claim 4, characterized in that, The nutrient solution has a pH of 6.0–7.0 and an EC of 1.70 mS / cm–1.80 mS / cm.

6. The method for hydroponic cultivation of barley seedlings according to claim 4, characterized in that, The screening and disinfection of the barley seeds includes the following steps: Use barley seeds with a germination rate of ≥90%; Soak in a disinfectant solution with an effective chlorine concentration of 200–350 mg / L for 4–6 hours, then rinse thoroughly with clean water.

7. The method for hydroponic cultivation of barley seedlings according to claim 4, characterized in that, The aforementioned alternating wet and dry soaking for seed germination includes a wet soaking stage and a dry soaking stage, with the dry soaking stage following the wet soaking stage. The wet soaking stage includes the following steps: soaking in clean water for 4 to 6 hours; The dry soaking stage includes the following steps: thoroughly draining water, spraying for 30 to 60 seconds every 1.0 to 1.5 hours, for a period of 6 to 10 hours.

8. A modular planting system, characterized in that, include: Modular tiered planting rack, including planting layers; A dynamically dimming light source is installed in the modular, layered planting rack. The time-sharing oscillating spray unit is installed in the modular layered planting rack; A closed-loop nutrient solution circulation system is installed in the modular layered planting rack; An automatic UV / O3 disinfection unit is installed in the modular layered planting rack; The intelligent control cabinet is installed in the modular layered planting rack and is connected to the dynamic dimming light source, the time-sharing swing spray unit, the nutrient solution closed-loop circulation system and the UV / O3 automatic disinfection unit.

9. A modular planting system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The dynamic dimming light source is located above the planting layer; the time-division oscillating spray unit is located below the planting layer.

10. A modular planting system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The closed-loop nutrient solution circulation system includes: The main sprinkler pipe is located below the planting layer; A fan-shaped sprinkler head, connected to the main sprinkler pipe, is positioned below the planting layer; A return trough is located below the main spray pipe; A filtration unit, connected to the return tank, is used for filtering the nutrient solution; A circulating water tank, the inlet of which is connected to the filter unit, and the outlet of which is connected to the main spray pipe, and a water pump is installed at the outlet.

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