A seedling raising device and method for cultivating caladium seedlings

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of coloured leaf taro seedling cultivation's seedling raising device and method, specifically related to plant seedling field, including bottom support disc, the bottom support disc top is sequentially spaced from bottom to top with multiple layers of seedling tray and separate drip irrigation tray, and the top of top layer The separate drip irrigation tray is equipped with top cover.The application uses semi-light-transmitting PET, PPS or POM plastic material as main material, which can match the light habits of coloured leaf taro, such as bright scattered light and avoiding direct sunlight.When the external natural light or artificial light causes diffuse reflection and uniform diffusion, the leaf burn and edge phenomenon caused by direct light are avoided;Multiple air holes not only act as ventilation channels, but also play a supplementary role in light transmission, so that scattered light can uniformly project the plant position in the seedling tray, ensuring that each layer of seedling receives sufficient light, avoiding the disadvantages of serious shading in the lower layer of traditional multi-layer three-dimensional cultivation, and significantly improving the ornamental quality and commercial value of seedling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plant seedling technology, and more specifically, to a seedling raising device and method for cultivating Caladium seedlings. Background Technology

[0002] Caladium, also known as colorful calendula or variegated calendula, is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the genus Caladium in the family Araceae. Its leaves are brightly colored and beautifully shaped, making it highly ornamental and a popular indoor foliage plant and landscaping material both domestically and internationally. Caladium is propagated primarily through division, tissue culture, and bulb propagation, with tissue culture seedlings and bulb seedlings being key aspects of industrial production. However, Caladium seedlings have extremely demanding environmental requirements: firstly, they thrive in warm, humid environments, requiring a relative humidity of 70%-85%, and the substrate must be evenly moist but not waterlogged, otherwise root rot is highly likely; secondly, Caladium roots have high oxygen requirements, necessitating a substrate with good aeration and drainage, and the seedlings need strong diffused light, avoiding both direct sunlight and excessive shade.

[0003] Currently, in the large-scale seedling production of caladium, traditional plug tray or pot seedling methods are commonly used. While plug tray seedlings are easy to manage, they have the following prominent problems: First, water management is difficult. Using manual spraying or top irrigation is not only labor-intensive but also results in extremely uneven water distribution, easily causing seedlings at the edges of the plug tray to lack water while those in the center accumulate water, leading to poor seedling growth uniformity and a high rate of weak seedlings. Second, nutrient solution utilization is low. In traditional sprinkler irrigation, most of the nutrient solution is lost to the ground or seedbed, resulting in significant waste and environmental pollution. Third, existing seedling devices are mostly made of opaque or semi-transparent materials, making light transmission uncontrollable. This cannot meet the specific light requirements of caladium seedlings, which prefer bright diffused light and dislike direct sunlight, leading to leaf color deterioration or sunscald spots.

[0004] In recent years, some multi-layer seedling racks or vertical cultivation devices have appeared on the market. These devices, such as those using stacked trays and relying on manual watering layer by layer, generally suffer from uneven water and fertilizer distribution, excessive irrigation in the upper layers while the lower layers are dehydrated, and significant temperature and humidity differences between the upper and lower layers. Some devices attempt to use capillary water absorption or bottom watering principles, but because caladium seedlings are extremely sensitive to water, simple bottom watering easily leads to substrate oversaturation and cannot be adjusted according to the actual water requirements of the plants, resulting in poor adaptability. These methods fail to meet the needs of intensive and standardized caladium seedling cultivation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention provide a seedling raising device and method for cultivating Caladium seedlings. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problems of uneven water distribution, uncontrollable light conditions and low nutrient solution utilization in the existing Caladium seedling raising process.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a seedling raising device for cultivating calamus seedlings, comprising a bottom support plate, wherein multiple layers of seedling trays and dividing drip irrigation trays are arranged sequentially from bottom to top on the top of the bottom support plate, and the top layer of the dividing drip irrigation tray is provided with a top cover. The seedling tray includes a planting tray. The outer wall of the planting tray is evenly provided with multiple air holes. The bottom surface of the inner cavity of the planting tray is provided with multiple water supply components arranged in a cross shape along the center point. A filter element is movably provided at the edge of the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the planting tray. An installation groove is provided at the alignment of the planting tray and the filter element, and a water distribution hole is provided through the bottom of the installation groove and the bottom surface of the planting tray. The separate drip irrigation tray includes a water storage tray, the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the water storage tray is provided with a funnel-shaped water storage trough, an upper water replenishment component is fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the water storage tray, and a water replenishment hole is opened between the center of the upper water replenishment component and the funnel-shaped water storage trough.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom support plate includes a support plate body. The outer wall of the support plate body has multiple ventilation slots arranged in a ring array. The ventilation slots penetrate the outer wall of the support plate body and connect to the inner cavity of the support plate body. The total area of ​​the ventilation slots is not less than 1 / 2 of the area of ​​the outer wall of the support plate body. The bottom surface of the support plate body is either a plane or a spherical shape that bulges into the inner cavity of the support plate body. The ventilation slots can significantly increase the air intake of the bottom support plate, form a stable airflow channel, and prevent water accumulation in the bottom support plate from causing mold due to poor ventilation.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the planting tray has an assembly groove I at its bottom outer edge, and the water storage tray has an assembly groove II at its bottom outer edge. The planting tray is engaged with the support tray body or the top opening of the water storage tray through the assembly groove I, and the water storage tray is engaged with the top opening of the planting tray through the assembly groove II. The top outer edge of the water storage tray is engaged with the top cover. The multi-layer device can be quickly assembled and disassembled without any tools, which is convenient for large-scale use.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the top cover includes a top cover body, a water inlet fixedly disposed at the center of the top of the top cover body, a water distribution hopper fixedly disposed at the bottom of the water inlet hopper, the water distribution hopper being disposed at the bottom of the top cover body, and water drain holes evenly distributed at the bottom end of the water distribution hopper; a partition plate fixedly disposed between the top of the water distribution hopper and the side wall of the water inlet hopper, and an air pressure balance hole longitudinally penetrating the partition plate; the partition plate can reduce the water flow impact during water addition, so that the nutrient solution is evenly distributed to each water drain hole; the air pressure balance hole ensures that the air pressure inside and outside the water distribution hopper is consistent, ensuring smooth water drainage.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom support tray, seedling tray, divider drip irrigation tray, and top cover are all injection molded from PET, PPS, or POM plastic. Utilizing the material's approximately 50% translucency, combined with the ventilation holes on the seedling tray, the light requirements of the Caladium seedlings, which prefer bright diffused light and dislike direct sunlight, can be met. At the same time, the ventilation holes allow air circulation to the seedling substrate within the planting tray, preventing long-term water accumulation and root rot.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the upper water supply component includes a cross-shaped fixing frame with a cross-shaped water distribution groove on its top surface and a fitting groove at its bottom. Multiple drip irrigation heads are evenly arranged in the fitting groove. Both the drip irrigation heads and the cross-shaped fixing frame are made of hot-dip infiltrated aluminum steel or 316L stainless steel. The top of each drip irrigation head is fixedly connected to the cross-shaped fixing frame. A water inlet is provided at the alignment point between the cross-shaped water distribution groove and the drip irrigation head, connecting the inner cavity of the cross-shaped water distribution groove and the drip irrigation head. Drip holes are evenly distributed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the drip irrigation head. The drip irrigation head is made of corrosion-resistant metal material, preventing rust and blockage even after prolonged contact with the nutrient solution. Furthermore, the metal cross-shaped fixing frame and drip irrigation head can condense some of the water vapor from the seedling substrate, allowing for secondary water replenishment even without additional water.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the lower water supply component and the drip irrigation head are arranged in a one-to-one longitudinal position; the lower water supply component includes a water-carrying protrusion, the bottom surface of which is fixedly connected to the planting tray, and a water-holding cavity is provided inside the water-holding protrusion. Water seepage holes are evenly provided between the water-holding cavity and the outer wall of the bottom end of the water-carrying protrusion. The one-to-one longitudinal design ensures that the nutrient solution does not drip directly onto the seedling substrate, thereby preventing substrate loss during seedling cultivation from affecting seedling root exposure.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the filter element includes a carrier frame, on which a filter screen is fixedly mounted, and a lifting rope is also fixedly mounted. The filter screen can be made of 80-120 mesh nylon mesh, which can effectively intercept excessive fine particles and root residues carried away from the substrate by the nutrient solution, preventing the water distribution holes from becoming clogged. The lifting rope allows personnel to directly remove the filter element for cleaning or replacement.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for raising seedlings using a seedling raising device for cultivating Caladium seedlings, the specific steps of which are as follows: S1. Device Assembly: First, place the bottom support plate on a flat ground or seedbed. Then, attach one layer of seedling trays to the top opening of the bottom support plate through assembly slot I. Next, take another layer of divider drip irrigation trays and attach them to the top opening of the seedling tray through assembly slot II, so that the upper water supply component at the bottom of the divider drip irrigation tray is aligned longitudinally with the lower water supply component in the seedling tray. Following the above method, according to the number of cultivation layers required, alternately attach multiple layers of seedling trays and divider drip irrigation trays upwards. Finally, attach the top cover to the top opening of the top divider drip irrigation tray. S2. Substrate and Seedling Filling: Place the filter components in each layer of the seedling tray along the bottom edge of the planting tray through the installation slot, ensuring the filter covers the top of the water distribution holes; fill each layer of the planting tray with a suitable seedling substrate for Caladium growth and gently compact it, except for the lower water supply component area, which should not be filled with seedling substrate; then transplant the Caladium seedlings or tissue culture seedlings into the substrate; the recommended seedling substrate is a mixture of peat:perlite:vermiculite in a volume ratio of 3:1:1, which is both water-retaining and aerated, with a pH value controlled between 5.5 and 6.5, meeting the growth requirements of Caladium; S3. Irrigation water and nutrient solution addition: The prepared seedling nutrient solution or clean water is injected through the water addition hopper. The nutrient solution first enters the water distribution hopper, and after being buffered by the partition plate, it falls evenly into the bucket-shaped water storage tank of the top layer of the drip irrigation tray through the water drop hole. The nutrient solution is collected in the bucket-shaped water storage tank and enters the cross-shaped water distribution tank of the upper water supply component through the water replenishment hole. S4. Layered Drip Irrigation and Bottom Water Supply: The nutrient solution entering the cross-shaped water distribution channel is distributed to each drip head through the water inlet. Under the action of gravity, the nutrient solution in the drip head slowly drips out from the drip hole at its bottom, directly acting on the top surface of the water-carrying protrusion of the corresponding bottom water supply component in the seedling tray below. The dripping nutrient solution flows into the water chamber through the top surface of the water-carrying protrusion and slowly permeates into the surrounding substrate through the seepage hole. At the same time, excess nutrient solution that is not immediately absorbed by the substrate collects at the bottom of the planting tray. After the substrate debris is filtered out by the filter screen of the filter element, it drips down through the water distribution hole into the funnel-shaped water storage tank of the next layer of the divided drip irrigation tray, forming a circulating drip irrigation. S5. Environmental control: Outside air enters the body of the support plate through the ventilation slots of the bottom support plate, preventing the discharged nutrient solution from becoming moldy or deteriorating due to lack of timely treatment; water can be added through the water inlet of the top cover, and the air pressure inside the device is kept stable by using the air pressure balance hole; according to the needs of different growth stages of Caladium, nutrient solution is added once every 3-7 days through the water inlet. S6. Harvesting and cleaning: When the calamus seedlings grow to the appropriate size (usually 4-6 true leaves, plant height 10-15cm), the device can be disassembled layer by layer from top to bottom, and the seedlings in each layer of the seedling tray can be taken out. After disassembly, the filter parts are taken out to clean the substrate residue on the filter screen, and each part is cleaned and disinfected for the next use.

[0015] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention uses semi-transparent PET, PPS, or POM plastic materials as the main body, which matches the light habits of caladium, which prefers bright diffused light and dislikes strong direct sunlight. When natural light or artificial supplemental light is used, the light undergoes diffuse reflection and uniform diffusion, avoiding leaf scorch and scorched edges caused by direct light. At the same time, multiple air holes not only serve as ventilation channels but also assist in light intake, allowing diffused light to be evenly projected onto the plant positions in the seedling tray, ensuring that seedlings in each layer receive sufficient light. This avoids the drawbacks of severe shading in the lower layers in traditional multi-layer vertical cultivation, resulting in neither excessive growth nor sunscald damage, significantly improving the ornamental quality and commercial value of the seedlings.

[0016] This invention utilizes a longitudinal alignment design between the upper and lower water supply components. The metal material has excellent thermal conductivity, allowing the water vapor evaporated from the substrate in the seedling tray to condense into liquid water on the metal surface during diurnal temperature variations. This condensate drips again along the outer wall of the drip irrigation head onto the water-carrying protrusion, forming a dual composite water supply mode of drip irrigation and condensation water supply. Especially at night or during the interval when manual watering is stopped, the condensate can keep the substrate moisture content within a suitable range, improving the stability and uniformity of water supply during the seedling stage of Caladium. In this invention, the nutrient solution injected from the water inlet first enters the water distribution hopper, and then falls into the bucket-shaped water storage tank through evenly distributed water drop holes. The air pressure balance hole ensures that the air pressure inside and outside the water distribution hopper remains consistent, avoiding the phenomenon of poor water flow or interruption caused by air resistance. After the nutrient solution is collected in the bucket-shaped water storage tank, it is then evenly distributed to the drip irrigation head through the water inlet holes. Moreover, the dripping nutrient solution does not directly act on the substrate, avoiding the loss of substrate caused by long-term drip irrigation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom support plate structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the seedling tray structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the seedling tray of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure of section A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the segmented drip irrigation tray of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the segmented drip irrigation tray of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the upper water supply component structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the top cover structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the top cover of the present invention.

[0027] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Bottom support tray; 2. Seedling tray; 3. Divided drip irrigation tray; 4. Top cover. 11. Support plate body; 12. Ventilation slot; 21 Planting tray, 22 Air vent, 23 Lower water supply component, 24 Filter, 25 Assembly tank I, 26 Installation tank, 27 Water distribution hole; 231 Water-carrying protrusion, 232 Water-filling cavity, 233 Seepage hole; 241 Carrier outer frame, 242 Filter screen, 243 Lifting rope; 31 Water storage tray, 32 Bucket-shaped water storage tank, 33 Water replenishment hole, 34 Assembly tank II, 35 Upper water replenishment component; 351 Cross-shaped fixing bracket, 352 Cross-shaped water distribution channel, 353 Assembly slot, 354 Drip head, 355 Water filling hole, 356 Drip hole; 41 Top cover body, 42 Water inlet hopper, 43 Water outlet hopper, 44 Drain hole, 45 Divider plate, 46 Air pressure balance hole. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1:

[0030] This embodiment provides, for example Figure 1-10The device shown is a seedling raising apparatus for cultivating Caladium seedlings. The apparatus includes a bottom support plate 1, seedling trays 2, separate drip irrigation trays 3, and a top cover 4. The bottom support plate 1 has multiple layers of seedling trays 2 and multiple layers of separate drip irrigation trays 3 arranged sequentially from bottom to top (the bottom layer is the seedling tray 2, and the top layer is the separate drip irrigation tray 3). The top layer of separate drip irrigation trays 3 is topped with a top cover 4. All components are injection molded from PET plastic, which has a light transmittance of approximately 50%, meeting the diffused light requirements of Caladium seedlings, while also exhibiting good corrosion resistance.

[0031] Please see Figure 2 The bottom support plate 1 includes a support plate body 11. The outer wall of the support plate body 11 has 6 elongated ventilation slots 12 arranged in a ring. The ventilation slots 12 penetrate the outer wall of the support plate body 11 and are connected to the inner cavity of the support plate body 11. Each ventilation slot 12 can accelerate the evaporation of water that may accumulate at the bottom and prevent water accumulation and mold growth at the bottom.

[0032] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The seedling tray 2 includes a planting tray 21. Multiple air vents 22 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the planting tray 21, serving both ventilation and auxiliary light transmission functions. Multiple water supply components 23 are arranged in a cross shape along the center point of the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the planting tray 21. Mounting grooves 26 are formed on opposite sides of the bottom edge of the inner cavity of the planting tray 21, with a water distribution hole 27 extending through the bottom of each mounting groove 26 and the bottom surface of the planting tray 21. An assembly groove I 25 is integrally formed on the outer edge of the bottom end of the planting tray 21 for engaging with the components below.

[0033] Please see Figure 4 and 5 The filter element 24 includes a carrier frame 241, on which a 100-mesh nylon filter screen 242 is fixed. A lifting rope 243 is fixed to each of the opposite sides of the carrier frame 241. The filter element 24 is movably placed on the edge of the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the planting tray 21 through the mounting groove 26, and the filter screen 242 completely covers the top of the water distribution hole 27.

[0034] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7 The drip irrigation tray 3 includes a water storage tray 31. A funnel-shaped water storage trough 32 is located in the center of the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the water storage tray 31, with the center of the funnel-shaped water storage trough 32 being the lowest point. An upper water supply component 35 is fixedly installed at the center of the bottom surface of the water storage tray 31. A water supply hole 33 is vertically opened between the center of the upper water supply component 35 and the lowest point of the funnel-shaped water storage trough 32. An assembly groove II 34 is integrally formed on the outer edge of the bottom end of the water storage tray 31 for engaging with the top opening of the seedling tray 2 below. A engaging flange is provided on the outer edge of the top end of the water storage tray 31 for engaging with the seedling tray 2 above or the top cover 4.

[0035] Please see Figure 8The upper water supply component 35 includes a cross-shaped fixing frame 351. A cross-shaped water distribution groove 352 is formed on the top surface of the cross-shaped fixing frame 351, and the center of the cross-shaped water distribution groove 352 communicates with a water supply hole 33. A fitting groove 353 is formed at the bottom of the cross-shaped fixing frame 351, and drip irrigation heads 354 are evenly arranged within the fitting groove 353. The top of each drip irrigation head 354 is fixedly connected to the cross-shaped fixing frame 351. A water inlet hole 355 is formed at the alignment point between the cross-shaped water distribution groove 352 and each drip irrigation head 354, connecting the inner cavity of the cross-shaped water distribution groove 352 with the drip irrigation head 354. Drip holes 356 are evenly formed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the drip irrigation head 354. Both the drip head 354 and the cross bracket 351 are made of 316L stainless steel, which has excellent resistance to nutrient solution corrosion and condensation replenishment function. The mounting groove 353 can replenish the condensate generated by the cross bracket 351 to the drip head 354, ensuring that the falling position is the position of the lower water replenishment component 23.

[0036] The lower water supply component 23 and the drip irrigation head 354 are arranged in a longitudinal position corresponding to each other. The lower water supply component 23 includes a water-carrying protrusion 231, which is a cylindrical protrusion with its bottom surface integrally formed and connected to the bottom surface of the planting tray 21. The water-carrying protrusion 231 has a cylindrical water-receiving cavity 232 inside. Drainage holes 233 are evenly opened between the bottom of the water-receiving cavity 232 and the outer wall of the bottom end of the water-carrying protrusion 231. The drainage holes 233 can slowly replenish the substrate with the nutrient solution dripping into the water-receiving cavity 232.

[0037] Please see Figure 9-10 The top cover 4 includes a top cover body 41. A water inlet hopper 42 is fixedly installed at the center of the top of the top cover body 41, and a water distribution hopper 43 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the water inlet hopper 42. The water distribution hopper 43 is inverted cone shape and is located below the bottom of the top cover body 41. Water drop holes 44 are evenly distributed at the bottom end of the water distribution hopper 43. A partition plate 45 is fixedly installed between the top of the water distribution hopper 43 and the side wall of the water inlet hopper 42. A pressure balance hole 46 is longitudinally distributed through the partition plate 45, so that when the nutrient solution gathers in the water distribution hopper 43, the internal space of the device can be connected to the outside atmosphere through the pressure balance hole 46, so that the nutrient solution can fall smoothly from the water drop hole 44.

[0038] Example 2:

[0039] This embodiment provides a seedling cultivation method for Caladium seedlings using the device of Embodiment 1. The specific steps are as follows: S1. Device Assembly: Place the bottom support plate 1 on a flat seedbed surface. Take a seedling tray 2 and align its bottom assembly groove I 25 with the top opening of the bottom support plate 1. Press down to secure the two together. Take another layer of divider drip irrigation tray 3 and align its bottom assembly groove II 34 with the top opening of the seedling tray 2. Press down to secure it, ensuring that the drip head 354 at the bottom of the divider drip irrigation tray 3 is vertically aligned with the nine water-carrying protrusions 231 inside the seedling tray 2. Repeat the above operation to install the second seedling tray 2, the second divider drip irrigation tray 3, the third seedling tray 2, and the third divider drip irrigation tray 3. Finally, attach the top cover 4 to the top opening of the top divider drip irrigation tray 3.

[0040] S2. Substrate and Seedling Filling: Remove the filter element 24 from each layer of seedling tray 2 and place it along the bottom edge of the inner cavity of the planting tray 21 through the mounting groove 26, ensuring that the filter screen 242 is flatly covering the water distribution hole 27. Prepare the seedling substrate: Mix peat, perlite, and vermiculite evenly in a volume ratio of 3:1:1, adjust the pH to 5.8, and add 0.5 kg / m³ of substrate. 3 Controlled-release fertilizer. Fill each planting tray 21 with substrate and gently compact it. Leave the lower water supply component 23 unfilled to allow direct drip irrigation. Select uniformly grown, disease-free Caladium tissue culture seedlings and transplant them at designated points in the substrate area of ​​each planting tray 21. Cover the seedlings with soil up to the root collar and gently press to ensure close contact between the roots and the substrate. Immediately after transplanting, inject clean water through the water inlet 42 of the top cover 4 to fully moisten the substrate.

[0041] S3. Irrigation and Nutrient Solution Injection: Nutrient solution supplementation begins on the 3rd day after transplanting. Prepare a special nutrient solution for caladium seedlings and slowly inject the prepared nutrient solution through the water inlet 42. The nutrient solution falls evenly from the water outlet 44 into the funnel-shaped water storage trough 32 of the top-level drip irrigation tray 3, and then enters the cross-shaped water distribution trough 352 through the water inlet 33, and is then distributed to the drip irrigation head 354 through the water inlet 355.

[0042] S4. Layered Drip Irrigation and Bottom Water Supply: After the nutrient solution enters the drip head 354, it drips out from the drip hole 356 under the action of gravity. Each drop of nutrient solution falls precisely into the water chamber 232 corresponding to the seedling directly below, avoiding direct erosion of the substrate. The nutrient solution in the water chamber 232 slowly permeates into the surrounding substrate through the seepage hole 233, keeping the seedling roots moist but not waterlogged. Excess nutrient solution that is not immediately absorbed collects at the water distribution hole 27 on the bottom of the planting tray 21. When it flows through the 100-mesh filter screen 242 of the filter element 24, fine substrate particles and root residues are intercepted, and the clear liquid drips down through the water distribution hole 27 into the funnel-shaped water storage tank 32 of the next layer of the divided drip irrigation tray 3, entering the next round of distribution and drip irrigation. In this way, the nutrient solution is transferred layer by layer from top to bottom, achieving precise drip irrigation and residual liquid circulation in each layer. When the temperature drops at night, the surface of the 316L stainless steel cross bracket 351 and drip head 354 will condense water vapor evaporated from the matrix, forming additional liquid water to replenish the water chamber 232, providing additional moisture supply.

[0043] S5. Environmental Control: Place the device in an intelligent greenhouse with a light intensity of 8000 Lux (using LED supplemental lighting, photoperiod 14h / 10h). Direct sunlight is converted into uniform diffused light, creating a soft light environment inside the device, resulting in good coloring of the caladium leaves without sunburn. During use, replenish the nutrient solution every 5 days through the water inlet 42 of the top cover 4. Periodically remove the filter elements 24 of each layer, clean the impurities on the filter screen 242 with a soft brush, rinse with clean water, and then return them to their original positions.

[0044] S6. Harvesting and Statistics: After transplanting, when the Caladium seedlings have generally grown to 6-8 true leaves, are 12-15cm tall, and have brightly colored leaves (pink and white interspersed, with colored spots accounting for about 65% of the area), and the root system has completely wrapped the substrate to form a complete root ball, they meet the standards for leaving the nursery. At this time, disassemble the device layer by layer from top to bottom: first remove the top cover 4, then remove the top layer of the drip irrigation tray 3, and then remove the seedling tray 2 of that layer (carefully remove the entire tray of seedlings), separating each seedling.

[0045] Finally, the following points should be noted: First, in the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly, and can be mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two components, or direct connections. "Up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may change. Secondly: The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this invention only involve the structures involved in the embodiments disclosed in this invention. Other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this invention can be combined with each other. In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seedling raising device for cultivating Caladium seedlings, characterized in that: Includes a bottom support plate (1), the bottom support plate (1) has multiple layers of seedling trays (2) and separate drip irrigation trays (3) arranged sequentially from bottom to top, and the top layer of the separate drip irrigation tray (3) is provided with a top cover (4). The seedling tray (2) includes a planting tray (21). The outer wall of the planting tray (21) is evenly provided with multiple air holes (22). The bottom surface of the inner cavity of the planting tray (21) is provided with multiple water supply components (23) arranged in a cross shape along the center point. A filter element (24) is movably provided at the edge of the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the planting tray (21). An installation groove (26) is provided at the alignment of the planting tray (21) and the filter element (24). A water distribution hole (27) is provided through the bottom of the installation groove (26) and the bottom surface of the planting tray (21). The separate drip irrigation tray (3) includes a water storage tray (31), the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the water storage tray (31) is provided with a funnel-shaped water storage trough (32), the bottom surface of the water storage tray (31) is fixedly provided with an upper water replenishment component (35), and a water replenishment hole (33) is opened between the center of the upper water replenishment component (35) and the funnel-shaped water storage trough (32).

2. The seedling raising device for cultivating Caladium seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom support plate (1) includes a support plate body (11). The outer wall of the support plate body (11) is provided with a plurality of ventilation slots (12) in a ring array. The ventilation slots (12) penetrate the outer wall of the support plate body (11) and are connected to the inner cavity of the support plate body (11). The total area of ​​the ventilation slots (12) is not less than 1 / 2 of the area of ​​the outer wall of the support plate body (11). The bottom surface of the support plate body (11) is provided with a plane or a spherical shape that protrudes into the inner cavity of the support plate body (11).

3. The seedling raising device for cultivating Caladium seedlings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The planting tray (21) has an assembly groove I (25) on the outer edge of its bottom end, and the water storage tray (31) has an assembly groove II (34) on the outer edge of its bottom end. The planting tray (21) is connected to the support tray body (11) or the top opening of the water storage tray (31) through the assembly groove I (25). The water storage tray (31) is connected to the top opening of the planting tray (21) through the assembly groove II (34). The outer edge of the top of the water storage tray (31) is connected to the top cover (4).

4. The seedling raising device for cultivating Caladium seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top cover (4) includes a top cover body (41), a water inlet (42) is fixedly provided at the top center of the top cover body (41), a water distribution hopper (43) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the water inlet (42), the water distribution hopper (43) is provided at the bottom of the top cover body (41), and water drop holes (44) are evenly opened at the bottom end of the water distribution hopper (43). A partition plate (45) is fixed between the top of the water distribution hopper (43) and the side wall of the water filling hopper (42), and a pressure balance hole (46) is longitudinally opened on the partition plate (45).

5. The seedling raising device for cultivating Caladium seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom support plate (1), seedling tray (2), dividing drip irrigation tray (3) and top cover (4) are all injection molded from PET, PPS or POM plastic materials.

6. The seedling raising device for cultivating Caladium seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper water supply component (35) includes a cross-shaped fixing frame (351), a cross-shaped water distribution groove (352) is provided on the top surface of the cross-shaped fixing frame (351), and a fitting groove (353) is provided at the bottom of the cross-shaped fixing frame (351). Multiple drip heads (354) are evenly arranged in the fitting groove (353). Both the drip heads (354) and the cross-shaped fixing frame (351) are made of hot-dip aluminum steel or 316L stainless steel. The top of the drip head (354) is fixedly connected to the cross-shaped fixing frame (351). A water inlet (355) is provided at the position where the cross-shaped water distribution groove (352) and the drip irrigation head (354) are aligned. The water inlet (355) is used to connect the inner cavity of the cross-shaped water distribution groove (352) and the drip irrigation head (354). Drip holes (356) are evenly provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the drip irrigation head (354).

7. The seedling raising device for cultivating Caladium seedlings according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower water supply component (23) and the drip irrigation head (354) are set in a one-to-one correspondence in the longitudinal position; The lower water supply component (23) includes a water-carrying protrusion (231), the bottom surface of which is fixedly connected to the planting tray (21). The water-carrying protrusion (231) has a water-filling cavity (232) inside, and water-permeable holes (233) are evenly provided between the water-filling cavity (232) and the outer wall of the bottom end of the water-carrying protrusion (231).

8. The seedling raising device for cultivating Caladium seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter element (24) includes a carrier frame (241), on which a filter screen (242) is fixedly provided, and a lifting rope (243) is also fixedly provided on the carrier frame (241).

9. A method for raising seedlings using the seedling raising device for cultivating Caladium seedlings according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: S1. Assembly of the device: First, place the bottom support plate (1) on a flat ground or seedbed, then stack the seedling tray (2) and the dividing drip irrigation tray (3) on the bottom support plate (1) in sequence, and put the top cover (4) on the top dividing drip irrigation tray (3). S2, Substrate and Seedling Filling: Before installing the seedling tray (2) in step S1, place the filter (24) in each layer of seedling tray (2) on the bottom edge of the inner cavity of the planting tray (21) through the installation groove (26); fill the planting tray (21) with a suitable seedling substrate for the growth of Taro, and then transplant the Taro seedlings or tissue culture seedlings into the substrate; S3. Irrigation water and nutrient solution addition: The prepared seedling nutrient solution or clean water is injected through the water addition bucket (42). The nutrient solution first enters the water distribution bucket (43) and then falls evenly into the bucket-shaped water storage tank (32) of the partition drip irrigation tray (3) through the water drop hole (44). The nutrient solution is collected in the bucket-shaped water storage tank (32) and then enters the upper water supply component (35) through the water replenishment hole (33). S4, Layered drip irrigation and bottom water supply: The nutrient solution entering the upper water supply component (35) directly acts on the corresponding lower water supply component (23) in the seedling tray (2) below through each drip head (354), and slowly permeates into the surrounding substrate through the seepage hole (233). Excess nutrient solution that is not immediately absorbed by the substrate gathers at the bottom of the planting tray (21), and after the substrate debris is filtered out by the filter element (24), it drips down through the water distribution hole (27) into the bucket-shaped water storage tank (32) of the next layer of the partitioned drip irrigation tray (3), forming a circulating drip irrigation, and the excess nutrient solution gathers in the bottom support tray (1); S5. Environmental control: Outside air enters the body of the support plate (11) through the ventilation groove (12) of the bottom support plate (1), so as to prevent the discharged nutrient solution from becoming moldy or deteriorating due to failure to be treated in time, and to ensure the growth environment; according to the needs of different growth stages of Caladium, nutrient solution is added once every 3-7 days through the water addition bucket (42). S6. Harvesting and cleaning: When the calamus seedlings grow to the appropriate size, the device can be disassembled layer by layer from top to bottom, and the seedlings in each seedling tray (2) can be taken out. After disassembly, the filter (24) can be taken out to clean the residue, and each part can be cleaned and disinfected for the next use.

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