Daily feed for eurasian sheep and application

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of feed production, in particular to a daily ration feed suitable for Euler sheep and application thereof.The feed contains concentrate supplement and highland barley straw, wherein the concentrate supplement comprises soybean meal, corn, highland barley seeds, rapeseed residue and bran.The feed provided by the present application has the advantages of low cost, high localization degree of raw materials, low feed-meat ratio and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of feed production technology, specifically to a diet feed suitable for Oula sheep and its application. Background Technology

[0002] The Oula sheep, as the core breed of Tibetan sheep on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, accounts for 25% of the total number of Tibetan sheep on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It is mainly distributed in high-altitude areas such as Menyuan in Qinghai Province. It has unique biological characteristics such as resistance to severe cold, tolerance to roughage and adaptation to hypoxic environments, and is an important breeding breed in local animal husbandry.

[0003] Currently, the Oula sheep farming industry faces multiple prominent problems: First, the long-standing traditional grazing model has exacerbated grassland degradation and desertification, intensifying the conflict between humans, grass, and livestock, and continuously increasing the pressure on ecological protection; Second, existing farming practices mostly adopt a concentrate-roughage separation model, which disrupts the natural digestive and metabolic balance of the Oula sheep's rumen, resulting in low feed conversion efficiency. Furthermore, the excessive reliance on expensive commercial concentrates during the farming process leads to persistently high farming costs; Third, existing TMR (Total Mixed Ration) diet formulas are mostly designed for ordinary meat sheep, failing to fully consider the special physiological characteristics of Oula sheep, such as their adaptation to high altitudes and tolerance to roughage, and failing to effectively integrate the abundant low-cost local raw materials such as highland barley straw and seeds in the Menyuan region of Qinghai, resulting in poor formula adaptability and difficulty in controlling farming costs.

[0004] In existing total mixed ration (TMR) technologies, the relevant formulations and preparation methods are mostly focused on ordinary stall-fed meat sheep. Conventional TMR formulations are mostly designed based on common feed resources in plain areas, failing to fully consider the conditions in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region, the high transportation and breeding costs, and the lack of mature technical solutions for reducing breeding costs by utilizing local barley-related raw materials.

[0005] Chinese patent application CN102726640A discloses a complete pelleted feed for fattening and slaughtering Oula sheep in the same year, which solves the problem of the scarcity of high-grade beef on the market; Chinese patent application CN104855683A discloses a supplementary feed for Oula sheep in winter in different locations, which solves the problem of livestock not being able to safely overwinter, but these do not address the problem of rumen development in Oula sheep.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a TMR diet that is based on local feed resources, adapted to the physiological characteristics of Oula sheep, and is low in cost and nutritionally balanced. This is of great practical significance and application value for promoting the transformation of Oula sheep farming from traditional grazing to scientific farming, improving farming efficiency, and protecting the grassland ecological environment. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems of low feed compatibility with Oula sheep, high feed cost and low utilization rate in the existing technology, and to provide a diet feed suitable for Oula sheep. This feed has the advantages of low cost, high degree of localization of raw materials and low feed conversion ratio.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention provides a diet feed suitable for Oula sheep, the feed containing concentrate supplement and barley straw, wherein the concentrate supplement includes: soybean meal, corn, barley seeds, rapeseed residue and wheat bran.

[0009] A second aspect of the present invention provides the use of the above-mentioned feed in the preparation of products for improving rumen development in Euler sheep.

[0010] Through the above technical solution, the diet for Euler sheep of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: (1) By making full use of low-cost raw materials in the plateau region, the dependence on high-priced commercial feed has been reduced, and the economic benefits of breeding have been effectively improved; (2) While meeting the daily nutritional needs of Oula sheep, it helps to reduce the feed conversion ratio of Oula sheep, reduce rumen stress, alleviate rumen keratinization problems, and enhance the digestive and absorptive capacity of the duodenum. (3) The preparation process is simple, the nutrition is balanced and the palatability is good, which is suitable for the characteristics of Oula sheep to tolerate roughage and high altitude; it can be prepared using conventional feed processing equipment and is suitable for large-scale farms and farmers to promote and use. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 The surface brightness value L of mutton from Euler sheep raised according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Test results; Figure 2 The redness value a of the surface of the meat of Euler sheep raised according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is... Test results; Figure 3 The pH value test results of mutton from Euler sheep raised according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention are as follows: Figure 4 The yellowness value b of the surface of mutton from Euler sheep raised according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Test results. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges and individual point values, and individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.

[0013] The first aspect of the present invention provides a diet feed suitable for Oula sheep, the feed containing concentrate supplement and barley straw, wherein the concentrate supplement includes: soybean meal, corn, barley seeds, rapeseed residue and wheat bran.

[0014] Through in-depth research, the inventors of this invention discovered that barley straw, barley seeds, and rapeseed residue are abundant local feed resources in plateau regions. Barley straw is widely available and inexpensive, while barley seeds and rapeseed residue are high in crude protein and can provide protein together with soybean meal. Combining this with the physiological characteristics of the Oula sheep—its tolerance to roughage and adaptation to high-altitude environments—a scientifically designed concentrate-to-roughage ratio, along with premixed feed, can reduce costs while ensuring nutritional balance, effectively replacing expensive commercial feed and addressing the pain points of traditional Oula sheep indoor feeding.

[0015] In this invention, the barley seeds, barley straw, and rapeseed residue are all derived from local agricultural products.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, on a dry basis, the content of rapeseed residue is 4.5-5.5g, the content of corn is 40-50g, the content of barley seeds is 2-3g, and the content of wheat bran is 8.5-9.5g per 25g of soybean meal.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, on a dry basis, the content of rapeseed residue is 4.8-5.3g, the content of corn is 42-48g, the content of barley seeds is 2.2-2.8g, and the content of wheat bran is 8.7-9.3g per 25g of soybean meal.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, on a dry basis, per 25g of soybean meal, the content of rapeseed residue is 5-5.2g, the content of corn is 43-46g, the content of barley seeds is 2.3-2.5g, and the content of wheat bran is 8.8-9.2g.

[0019] In this invention, the above-mentioned preferred range can be used to reasonably adjust the proportion of feed for Oula sheep, resulting in a balanced diet with good palatability, which is more suitable for the nutrition and taste required by Oula sheep.

[0020] Rapeseed residue is the solid residue left after rapeseed has undergone oil extraction, and its protein content is about 35-42 wt%.

[0021] Soybean meal is the solid residue left after soybeans have been pressed for oil or extracted by solvent leaching. It contains approximately 40-48 wt% protein.

[0022] Bran is a byproduct separated during the milling process of grains such as wheat, barley, and oats. It is mainly composed of the outer layer of the grain (including the seed coat, pericarp, and aleurone layer) and contains mainly dietary fiber, vitamins (especially B vitamins) and some protein.

[0023] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the concentrate supplement further includes urea, salt, dicalcium phosphate and premix.

[0024] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the premix comprises: vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, copper salt, iron salt and zinc salt.

[0025] In this invention, there are no particular limitations on the source of the premix. Preferably, relative to each kg of premix, the content of vitamin A is ≥30,000 IU, the content of vitamin D3 is ≥30,000 IU, the content of vitamin E is ≥60 mg, the content of iron is ≥400 mg, the content of copper is ≥100 mg, the content of zinc is ≥500 mg, the content of manganese is ≥400 mg, and the moisture content is ≤10%.

[0026] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the concentrate supplement to the barley straw is 1.5-4.

[0027] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the concentrate supplement to barley straw is 2-4. This preferred method allows for reasonable control of the protein and dietary fiber content in the feed, which is more conducive to promoting gastrointestinal motility in Oula sheep and reducing the incidence of rumen disease.

[0028] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the barley straw is further chopped, preferably with a size of 4-6 cm. This preferred method improves the palatability of the feed.

[0029] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, based on the total weight of the feed, the content of the concentrate supplement is 60-80 wt%, and the content of the highland barley straw is 20-40 wt%. More preferably, the content of the concentrate supplement is 67-80 wt%, and the content of the highland barley straw is 20-33 wt%.

[0030] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, based on the total weight of the feed, the content of corn is 28.77-38.36 wt%, the content of barley seeds is 1.52-2.03 wt%, the content of rapeseed residue is 3.29-4.38 wt%, the content of wheat bran is 5.75-7.67 wt%, the content of premix is ​​3.29-4.38 wt%, the content of dicalcium phosphate is 0.99-1.32 wt%, the content of urea is 0.21-0.27 wt%, and the content of salt is 0.3 wt%. 3-0.44 wt%, more preferably, the content of corn is 31.96-38.36 wt%, the content of barley seeds is 1.69-2.03 wt%, the content of rapeseed residue is 3.65-4.38 wt%, the content of wheat bran is 6.39-7.67 wt%, the content of premix is ​​3.65-4.38 wt%, the content of dicalcium phosphate is 1.10-1.32 wt%, the content of urea is 0.23-0.27 wt%, and the content of salt is 0.37-0.44 wt%.

[0031] In this invention, the calcium content in the dicalcium phosphate is 18-22 wt%, the phosphorus content is 14-18 wt%, and more preferably the calcium content is 19-21 wt% and the phosphorus content is 15-17 wt%.

[0032] In this invention, on a dry basis, relative to every 25g of soybean meal, the content of dicalcium phosphate is 1.30-1.94g, the content of urea is 0.26-0.39g, the content of salt is 0.26-0.78g, and the content of premix is ​​3.89-7.12g. More preferably, the content of dicalcium phosphate is 1.42-1.68g, the content of urea is 0.28-0.36g, the content of salt is 0.39-0.65g, and the content of premix is ​​4.53-6.48g.

[0033] In this invention, in order to further improve the storage time of the feed and reduce the occurrence of mold, the water content of the feed shall not exceed 12 wt%, preferably 9-11 wt%, based on the total weight of the feed.

[0034] In this invention, the feed preparation method involves separately pulverizing each component of the concentrate supplement and mixing it with chopped barley straw in a specific ratio, followed by drying. It is understood that pulverizing the components of the concentrate supplement before mixing allows for reasonable regulation of the needs of the Oula sheep at different growth stages, ensuring nutritional balance.

[0035] In this invention, there are no particular limitations on the size of the components in the pulverized concentrate supplement, as long as they can be in powder form.

[0036] In this invention, there are no particular limitations on the machines and conditions for mixing feed, as long as it can be mixed thoroughly.

[0037] A second aspect of the present invention provides the use of the above-mentioned feed in the preparation of products for improving rumen development in Euler sheep.

[0038] During their research, the inventors of this invention discovered that the feed can promote healthy rumen development in Oula sheep during their growth process, thereby promoting the growth of Oula sheep.

[0039] The present invention will be described in detail below through embodiments.

[0040] In this example, the protein content of rapeseed residue was 41 wt%; The protein content of the soybean meal in the example was 43 wt%; The starch content of the corn in the example was 70 wt%; In this example, the starch content of the barley seeds was 60 wt%; Calcium hydrogen phosphate: Grade MF168, Nanzhang Longmang Phosphate Products Co., Ltd.; Premix: Brand T683, Yangling Tiandi Large Animal Nutrition Technology Co., Ltd.; Lamb fattening commercial feed: Brand H619-3, Inner Mongolia Xinglianxin Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0041] Example 1 (1) Preparation: Crush each component of the concentrate supplement separately and set aside. Chop the barley straw and set aside. The size of the barley straw is 5cm. (2) Weighing raw materials: On a dry basis, relative to 25g soybean meal, weigh 5.18g rapeseed residue, 45.34g corn, 2.4g highland barley seeds, 9.07g wheat bran, 1.55g dicalcium phosphate, 0.32g urea, 0.52g salt, and 5.18g premix; (3) Preparation of daily feed: On a dry basis, weigh 35g of barley straw and mix it with the raw materials in step (2) in a TMR machine relative to 25g of soybean meal.

[0042] Comparative Example 1 (1) Preparation of roughage: Chop the barley straw and set aside. The size of the barley straw should be 5cm. (2) Weigh out the commercial feed for fattening lambs: relative to 25g of barley straw, weigh out 475g of commercial feed for fattening lambs.

[0043] Test Example 1 (1) Sixty healthy Euler sheep weighing 22±2kg were selected and randomly divided into two groups of 30 each, with half males and half females. They were fed the feed of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, respectively. Comparative Example 1 adopted the method of separating concentrate and roughage, that is, the concentrate and forage were fed separately, and the concentrate was given in sufficient quantity for the sheep to eat on their own.

[0044] The experiment lasted 15 days, with free access to feed and water. The growth performance of each group of Oula sheep was measured, including average daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and coin-to-meat ratio. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0045] Average daily weight gain = (final weight - starting weight) / number of testing days; Feed conversion ratio = Total weight of feed consumed / Total weight gain; Money-to-meat ratio = Total feed cost (RMB) / Total weight gain (kg).

[0046] Table 1

[0047] Table 1 shows that reducing the amount of concentrate feed can increase the average daily weight gain of Oula sheep. This indicates that the prepared Oula sheep diet can reduce costs while ensuring the necessary nutrients and improving the growth performance of Oula sheep.

[0048] (2) After the feeding experiment, the Oula sheep fed with two different feeds were fasted for 12 hours. The live weight before slaughter was weighed the next morning, and then blood was collected intravenously, centrifuged quickly, and the supernatant was stored at -20℃ to determine the liver function, protein nutrition and metabolic function indicators of the experimental sheep (Servicebio reagent kit). The results are shown in Table 2.

[0049] Table 2

[0050] (3) Take the muscle tissue of the longissimus dorsi muscle of the slaughtered sheep, freeze it, prepare sections, and determine the area and density of muscle fibers by HE staining. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0051] The pH value of the longissimus dorsi muscle from the slaughtered sheep was measured. The pH value was then measured again after 12 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours at 4°C. Simultaneously, a meat colorimeter was used to measure the surface gloss of the muscle (L). ), redness value (a ) and yellowness value (b Each measurement was taken three times, and the average value was calculated. The test results are shown in [the original text]. Figure 1-4 .

[0052] Table 3

[0053] (4) After slaughter, rumen wall and duodenal tissues were collected, packaged, frozen, and sectioned. Gastrointestinal development indicators were determined by HE staining. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0054] Table 4

[0055] As shown in Tables 1-4, the rumen cuticle thickness of Example 1 was reduced by 32.78% compared with Comparative Example 1. This indicates that the diet of Oula sheep can not only guarantee the nutrients required for the daily life of Oula sheep and improve the growth performance of Oula sheep, but also effectively alleviate rumen cuticle keratinization of Oula sheep.

[0056] In summary, the diet for Oula sheep provided by this invention, through the scientific formulation of local plateau feed resources such as highland barley seeds, highland barley straw, and rapeseed residue, has achieved a comprehensive improvement in growth performance and economic benefits, improved meat quality and edible value, ensured the health of Oula sheep, and effectively promoted the gastrointestinal health of Oula sheep.

[0057] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above; however, the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the inventive concept, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, including combinations of various technical features in any other suitable manner. These simple modifications and combinations should also be considered as the content disclosed in the present invention and are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dietary feed suitable for Euler sheep, characterized in that, The feed contains concentrate supplements and barley straw, wherein the concentrate supplements include: soybean meal, corn, barley seeds, rapeseed residue and wheat bran.

2. The feed according to claim 1, wherein, On a dry basis, per 25g of soybean meal, the content of rapeseed residue is 4.5-5.5g, the content of corn is 40-50g, the content of barley seeds is 2-3g, and the content of wheat bran is 8.5-9.5g.

3. The feed according to claim 2, wherein, On a dry basis, per 25g of soybean meal, the content of rapeseed residue is 4.8-5.3g, the content of corn is 42-48g, the content of barley seed is 2.2-2.8g, and the content of wheat bran is 8.7-9.3g.

4. The feed according to claim 3, wherein, On a dry basis, per 25g of soybean meal, the content of rapeseed residue is 5-5.2g, the content of corn is 43-46g, the content of barley seeds is 2.3-2.5g, and the content of wheat bran is 8.8-9.2g.

5. The feed according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The concentrate supplement also includes urea, salt, dicalcium phosphate, and premix; Preferably, the premix comprises: vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, copper salt, iron salt, and zinc salt.

6. The feed according to claim 5, wherein, The mass ratio of the concentrate supplement to highland barley straw is 1.5-4, preferably 2-4.

7. The feed according to claim 1, wherein, The size of the barley straw is 4-6cm.

8. The feed according to claim 1, wherein, Based on the total weight of the feed, the content of the concentrate supplement is 60-80 wt%, and the content of the highland barley straw is 20-40 wt%.

9. The feed according to claim 8, wherein, Based on the total weight of the feed, the water content of the feed shall not exceed 12 wt%.

10. The use of the feed according to any one of claims 1-9 in the preparation of articles for improving rumen development in Euler sheep.

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