Low-protein environment-friendly type fattening pig compound feed and production method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to feed preparation material technical field, especially to a kind of low-protein environment-friendly type fattening pig compound feed and its production method, it is composed of core material and base material, the core material accounts for 8-15% of total weight of feed, the base material accounts for 85-92% of total weight of feed;The core material is composed of the following components by weight portion: fermented soybean meal 35-45 parts, corn stalks wine lees 25-30 parts, complex enzyme preparation 0.5-1.0 parts, complex acidifier 3.0-4.5 parts, Yucca extract 0.2-0.5 parts, organic trace element premix 2.0-3.0 parts, synthetic amino acid 5.0-8.0 parts, Chinese herbal medicine extract 1.0-2.0 parts, attapulgite clay 1.0-2.5 parts, chitosan 0.1-0.2 parts, carrier is supplemented to 100 parts.The present application realizes fattening whole period general, need not be adjusted in stages, significantly improve growth performance, substantially reduce nitrogen emission, effectively improve protein metabolism and immune function.The comprehensive environmental protection and growth-promoting effect is outstanding, suitable for large-scale popularization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of feed preparation materials technology, and in particular to a low-protein, environmentally friendly compound feed for fattening pigs and its production method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of large-scale pig farming, the large-scale emissions of nitrogen and phosphorus, as well as malodorous gases, have become prominent environmental problems. Reducing the crude protein level in feed and supplementing with synthetic amino acids is considered one of the most effective ways to reduce nitrogen pollution at its source.

[0003] However, low-protein diets that rely solely on amino acid balance often face the following challenges in application: 1. Pig growth performance declines, especially weight gain and feed conversion efficiency in the later stages of fattening are easily affected; 2. Impaired gut health and increased diarrhea rates limit the further promotion of low-protein technology; 3. The control effect on odors such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in excrement is limited, making it difficult to meet increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements.

[0004] To improve the effectiveness of low-protein diets, existing technologies have explored the addition of functional additives such as acidifiers, enzyme preparations, and yucca extract. Yucca extract can inhibit urease activity and reduce ammonia volatilization; compound enzymes can improve the digestibility and utilization of non-starch polysaccharides and phytate phosphorus; and acidifiers help maintain intestinal health. However, these additive combinations are mostly single-function oriented, resulting in unstable overall effects. Furthermore, the ratio of core feed to basal feed often needs to be adjusted according to the early, middle, and late stages of fattening pig growth, increasing the complexity of feed production and pig farm management.

[0005] Therefore, developing a low-protein, environmentally friendly feed suitable for the entire fattening period, requiring no formula adjustments based on growth stage changes, and significantly promoting growth, reducing nitrogen emissions, and improving the farming environment is of great significance for the sustainable development of the pig industry. To this end, we propose a low-protein, environmentally friendly compound feed for fattening pigs and its production method. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a low-protein, environmentally friendly fattening pig compound feed and its production method.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A low-protein, environmentally friendly compound feed for fattening pigs consists of core feed and basal feed, wherein the core feed accounts for 8%-15% of the total feed weight and the basal feed accounts for 85%-92% of the total feed weight; The core material consists of the following components in parts by weight: 35-45 parts fermented soybean meal, 25-30 parts corn stalk distiller's grains, 0.5-1.0 parts compound enzyme preparation, 3.0-4.5 parts compound acidifier, 0.2-0.5 parts yucca extract, 2.0-3.0 parts organic trace element premix, 5.0-8.0 parts synthetic amino acids, 1.0-2.0 parts traditional Chinese medicine extract, 1.0-2.5 parts attapulgite clay, 0.1-0.2 parts chitosan oligosaccharide, and a carrier to make up to 100 parts. The base material consists of the following components by weight percentage: 62-66 parts corn, 14-18 parts soybean meal, 8-12 parts wheat bran, and 1.5-2.5 parts soybean oil; The organic trace element premix also includes stone powder, dicalcium phosphate, salt, vitamins, and minerals.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the compound enzyme preparation contains 2500-5000 U / g of phytase, 8000-12000 U / g of xylanase and 3000-6000 U / g of β-glucanase, and is attached to the surface of the granules by roller spraying after granulation.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this application, the composite acidifying agent is a mixture of benzoic acid and fumaric acid in a mass ratio of 3:2; the carrier is at least one of defatted rice bran, corn cob powder or wheat bran, with a particle size ≤60 mesh.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the organic trace element premix provides zinc, copper, iron and manganese in the form of amino acid chelates, wherein the zinc content in the complete feed is 200-400 mg / kg, copper 5-15 mg / kg, iron 60-100 mg / kg and manganese 20-40 mg / kg, calculated by element.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the synthetic amino acid is a combination of lysine sulfate, DL-methionine, L-threonine and L-tryptophan in a weight ratio of 10:3:2:1, and the ratio of total lysine to crude protein in the formula is ≥0.075, and the crude protein content is ≤13.5%.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the herbal extract is a mixture of Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract and Astragalus polysaccharide in a weight ratio of 1:1.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the attapulgite clay has a particle size ≤200 mesh and a montmorillonite content ≥85%; the chitosan oligosaccharide has a molecular weight ≤3000 Da and a degree of deacetylation ≥90%.

[0014] A method for producing a low-protein, environmentally friendly compound feed for fattening pigs, characterized by comprising the following steps: Step S1: Preparation of fermented soybean meal: Mix soybean meal and wheat bran at a mass ratio of 7:3, adjust the moisture content to 45%, inoculate with compound lactic acid bacteria-Bacillus lyophilized powder at an inoculation amount of 0.1%, put into a breathable fermentation bag, let it ferment at 28-35℃ for 72 hours, dry it until the moisture content is ≤12%, and then pulverize it to obtain fermented soybean meal powder. Step S2: Preparation of pre-adsorption carrier: Mix the composite acidifier, yucca extract, traditional Chinese medicine extract and chitosan oligosaccharide, and spray them evenly into the carrier powder. Mix in a kneader for 5-10 minutes, then add attapulgite clay and continue mixing. Dry at 40°C until the moisture content is ≤8% to obtain pre-adsorption carrier powder. Step S3: Mixing core materials: Add the fermented soybean meal powder, corn stalk distillers' grains powder, organic trace element premix, synthetic amino acids and the pre-adsorbed carrier powder obtained in step S1 to the mixer, and add 50% of the total amount of compound enzyme preparation. Mix for 10-15 minutes to obtain the core material finished product. Step S4: Prepare the base ingredients: Weigh out corn, soybean meal, wheat bran and soybean oil, and put them into a mixer and mix for 5-8 minutes; Step S5: Granulation and post-coating: Mix the base material obtained in step S4 and the core material obtained in step S3 in a certain proportion, granulate after conditioning, and the conditioning conditions are 65-70℃ temperature and 0.2-0.3MPa steam pressure, and then cool; then spray the remaining 50% compound enzyme preparation onto the surface of the pellets through a roller sprayer, and at the same time atomize and spray 5% gum arabic solution to form a protective film. After drying, the finished feed is obtained.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the number of viable lactic acid bacteria in the compound lactic acid bacteria-Bacillus lyophilized powder in step S1 is ≥1×10⁻⁶. 10 CFU / g, Bacillus viable count ≥1×10⁻⁶ 10 CFU / g, with a weight ratio of 1:1. As a preferred technical solution of this application, the rotation speed of the roller sprayer in step S5 is 15-25 rpm, the spraying time is 3-5 minutes, and the atomization pressure of the gum arabic solution is 0.3-0.5 MPa. The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. Universally applicable throughout the entire growth period, significantly improving growth performance: Through scientifically formulated core feed, the same formula can be used from the early to late stages of fattening, eliminating the need to adjust the proportion of core feed at each stage. Data shows that the average daily weight gain of groups 1-3 was 8.5%-14.6% higher than the control group, the feed conversion ratio was 8.1%-12.5% ​​lower, and the diarrhea rate was 39.6%-52.1% lower. Moreover, group 3 showed the best growth performance, with a final weight increase of 7.5 kg compared to the control group, and a significant improvement in feed efficiency. 2. Highly Effective Reduction of Nitrogen Excretion and Ammonia Emissions: The feed of this invention has a crude protein content of ≤13.5%. Through amino acid balance, pre-digestion of fermented soybean meal, and the synergistic effect of multiple functional additives, total nitrogen excretion is reduced by 27.5%-32.8% compared to the control group, and ammonia concentration is reduced by 51.4%-57.8% in the later stage. The environmental protection effect is significantly improved compared to the control group, fully demonstrating the effective role of attapulgite clay and chitosan oligosaccharide in nitrogen adsorption and fixation and reducing ammonia volatilization. 3. Improved protein metabolism and immune function: The serum urea nitrogen levels in groups 1-3 of Examples were significantly lower than those in the blank group and the control group, and the nitrogen deposition rate increased to 54.8%-56.9%, indicating that the body made more efficient use of protein and reduced the breakdown and loss of amino acids; the immunoglobulin G content increased by 35.4%-42.3%, the overall immune level of the animals was enhanced, and their health was better. 4. Synergistic Effect of Component Combinations: By combining fermented soybean meal, compound enzymes, compound acidifiers, yucca extract, traditional Chinese medicine extracts, attapulgite clay, and chitosan oligosaccharides in specific proportions, the product regulates multiple aspects, including digestion, enzymatic hydrolysis, acidification, adsorption, and immune modulation. Compared to Comparative Example 1, which removes attapulgite clay and chitosan oligosaccharides alone, and Comparative Example 2, which removes both traditional Chinese medicine and chitosan oligosaccharides, all indicators show significant improvement, proving that the synergistic effect of each component is indispensable, resulting in stable and reliable feed effects suitable for large-scale production and promotion.

[0016] This invention is applicable throughout the entire fattening period without the need for phased adjustments, significantly improving growth performance, drastically reducing nitrogen emissions, and effectively improving protein metabolism and immune function. Its comprehensive environmental protection and growth-promoting effects are outstanding, making it suitable for large-scale promotion. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0018] Experimental Design One hundred and eighty Duroc × Landrace × Large White three-way crossbred fattening pigs with an initial weight of (60.5±1.8) kg were randomly divided into six groups, with three teams in each group and ten pigs in each team. The treatment groups were: control group, comparative example group one, comparative example group two, example group one, example group two, and example group three. The experiment lasted for 60 days, and the pigs had free access to feed and water.

[0019] Record feed intake daily, weigh the animals at the beginning and end of the experiment, and calculate average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed conversion ratio (F / G). Observe fecal condition daily and calculate the diarrhea rate.

[0020] From day 55 to 59 of the experiment, a digestive and metabolic test was conducted using the total fecal and urinary collection method. The fecal nitrogen and urinary nitrogen content were measured, and the total excreted nitrogen and nitrogen deposition rate were calculated. The ammonia concentration at three fixed points in the pigsty was measured at fixed times every day using a portable ammonia detector, and the average value was taken.

[0021] Example 1 A low-protein, environmentally friendly compound feed for fattening pigs consists of a core feed and a base feed, wherein the core feed accounts for 12% of the total feed weight and the base feed accounts for 88% of the total feed weight. The core material consists of the following components in parts by weight: 40.0 parts fermented soybean meal, 28.0 parts corn stalk distiller's grains, 0.8 parts compound enzyme preparation, 4.0 parts compound acidifier, 0.3 parts yucca extract, 2.5 parts organic trace element premix, 6.5 parts synthetic amino acids, 1.5 parts traditional Chinese medicine extract, 2.0 parts attapulgite clay, 0.15 parts chitosan oligosaccharide, and a carrier to make up to 100 parts. The base material consists of the following components by weight percentage: 64.0 parts corn, 16.0 parts soybean meal, 10.0 parts wheat bran, and 2.0 parts soybean oil; The organic trace element premix also includes stone powder, dicalcium phosphate, salt, vitamins, and minerals.

[0022] Furthermore, the compound enzyme preparation comprises 2500 U / g phytase, 8500 U / g xylanase and 3500 U / g β-glucanase, and is attached to the surface of the granules by roller spraying after granulation.

[0023] Furthermore, the composite acidifying agent is a mixture of benzoic acid and fumaric acid in a mass ratio of 3:2; the carrier is defatted rice bran with a particle size ≤60 mesh.

[0024] Furthermore, the organic trace element premix provides zinc, copper, iron, and manganese in the form of amino acid chelates, wherein the zinc content in the complete feed is 200 mg / kg, copper 5 mg / kg, iron 60 mg / kg, and manganese 20 mg / kg, calculated by element.

[0025] Furthermore, the synthesized amino acid is a combination of lysine sulfate, DL-methionine, L-threonine and L-tryptophan in a weight ratio of 10:3:2:1, and the ratio of total lysine to crude protein in the formula is ≥0.075, and the crude protein content is ≤13.5%.

[0026] Furthermore, the herbal extract is a mixture of Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract and Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide in a weight ratio of 1:1.

[0027] Furthermore, the attapulgite clay has a particle size ≤200 mesh and a montmorillonite content ≥88%; the chitosan oligosaccharide has a molecular weight ≤3000 Da and a degree of deacetylation ≥90%.

[0028] A method for producing a low-protein, environmentally friendly compound feed for fattening pigs includes the following steps: Step S1: Preparation of fermented soybean meal: Mix soybean meal and wheat bran at a mass ratio of 7:3, adjust the moisture content to 45%, inoculate with compound lactic acid bacteria-Bacillus freeze-dried powder at an inoculation amount of 0.1%, put into a breathable fermentation bag, let it ferment at 30℃ for 72 hours, dry it until the moisture content is ≤12%, and then pulverize it to obtain fermented soybean meal powder. Step S2: Preparation of pre-adsorption carrier: After mixing the composite acidifier, yucca extract, traditional Chinese medicine extract and chitosan oligosaccharide, spray it evenly into the carrier powder, mix it in a kneader for 10 minutes, then add attapulgite clay and continue mixing, dry at 40℃ until the moisture content is ≤8% to obtain pre-adsorption carrier powder. Step S3: Mixing core materials: Add the fermented soybean meal powder, corn stalk distillers' grains powder, organic trace element premix, synthetic amino acids and the pre-adsorbed carrier powder obtained in step S1 to the mixer, and add 50% of the total amount of compound enzyme preparation. Mix for 10 minutes to obtain the core material finished product. Step S4: Prepare the base ingredients: Weigh out corn, soybean meal, wheat bran and soybean oil, and put them into a mixer and mix for 8 minutes; Step S5: Granulation and post-coating: Mix the base material obtained in step S4 and the core material obtained in step S3 in a certain proportion, granulate after conditioning, and the conditioning conditions are 68℃ temperature and 0.25MPa steam pressure, followed by cooling; then spray the remaining 50% compound enzyme preparation onto the surface of the pellets through a roller sprayer, and at the same time atomize and spray 5% gum arabic solution to form a protective film. After drying, the finished feed is obtained.

[0029] Furthermore, the number of viable lactic acid bacteria in the compound lactic acid bacteria-Bacillus lyophilized powder described in step S1 is ≥1×10⁻⁶. 10 CFU / g, Bacillus viable count ≥1×10⁻⁶ 10 CFU / g, with a weight ratio of 1:1. Furthermore, in step S5, the rotation speed of the roller sprayer is 20 rpm, the spraying time is 5 minutes, and the atomization pressure of the gum arabic solution is 0.4 MPa.

[0030] Example 2 A low-protein, environmentally friendly compound feed for fattening pigs consists of a core feed and a base feed, wherein the core feed accounts for 12% of the total feed weight and the base feed accounts for 88% of the total feed weight. The core material consists of the following components in parts by weight: 35.0 parts fermented soybean meal, 30.0 parts corn stalk distiller's grains, 0.5 parts compound enzyme preparation, 3.5 parts compound acidifier, 0.5 parts yucca extract, 3.0 parts organic trace element premix, 8.0 parts synthetic amino acids, 2.0 parts traditional Chinese medicine extract, 1.0 part attapulgite clay, 0.1 parts chitosan oligosaccharide, and a carrier to make up to 100 parts. The base material consists of the following components by weight percentage: 64.0 parts corn, 16.0 parts soybean meal, 10.0 parts wheat bran, and 2.0 parts soybean oil; The organic trace element premix also includes stone powder, dicalcium phosphate, salt, vitamins, and minerals.

[0031] Furthermore, the compound enzyme preparation comprises 2500 U / g phytase, 8500 U / g xylanase and 3500 U / g β-glucanase, and is attached to the surface of the granules by roller spraying after granulation.

[0032] Furthermore, the composite acidifying agent is a mixture of benzoic acid and fumaric acid in a mass ratio of 3:2; the carrier is defatted rice bran with a particle size ≤60 mesh.

[0033] Furthermore, the organic trace element premix provides zinc, copper, iron, and manganese in the form of amino acid chelates, wherein the zinc content in the complete feed is 200 mg / kg, copper 5 mg / kg, iron 60 mg / kg, and manganese 20 mg / kg, calculated by element.

[0034] Furthermore, the synthesized amino acid is a combination of lysine sulfate, DL-methionine, L-threonine and L-tryptophan in a weight ratio of 10:3:2:1, and the ratio of total lysine to crude protein in the formula is ≥0.075, and the crude protein content is ≤13.5%.

[0035] Furthermore, the herbal extract is a mixture of Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract and Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide in a weight ratio of 1:1.

[0036] Furthermore, the attapulgite clay has a particle size ≤200 mesh and a montmorillonite content ≥88%; the chitosan oligosaccharide has a molecular weight ≤3000 Da and a degree of deacetylation ≥90%.

[0037] A method for producing a low-protein, environmentally friendly compound feed for fattening pigs includes the following steps: Step S1: Preparation of fermented soybean meal: Mix soybean meal and wheat bran at a mass ratio of 7:3, adjust the moisture content to 45%, inoculate with compound lactic acid bacteria-Bacillus freeze-dried powder at an inoculation amount of 0.1%, put into a breathable fermentation bag, let it ferment at 30℃ for 72 hours, dry it until the moisture content is ≤12%, and then pulverize it to obtain fermented soybean meal powder. Step S2: Preparation of pre-adsorption carrier: After mixing the composite acidifier, yucca extract, traditional Chinese medicine extract and chitosan oligosaccharide, spray it evenly into the carrier powder, mix it in a kneader for 10 minutes, then add attapulgite clay and continue mixing, dry at 40℃ until the moisture content is ≤8% to obtain pre-adsorption carrier powder. Step S3: Mixing core materials: Add the fermented soybean meal powder, corn stalk distillers' grains powder, organic trace element premix, synthetic amino acids and the pre-adsorbed carrier powder obtained in step S1 to the mixer, and add 50% of the total amount of compound enzyme preparation. Mix for 10 minutes to obtain the core material finished product. Step S4: Prepare the base ingredients: Weigh out corn, soybean meal, wheat bran and soybean oil, and put them into a mixer and mix for 8 minutes; Step S5: Granulation and post-coating: Mix the base material obtained in step S4 and the core material obtained in step S3 in a certain proportion, granulate after conditioning, and the conditioning conditions are 68℃ temperature and 0.25MPa steam pressure, followed by cooling; then spray the remaining 50% compound enzyme preparation onto the surface of the pellets through a roller sprayer, and at the same time atomize and spray 5% gum arabic solution to form a protective film. After drying, the finished feed is obtained.

[0038] Furthermore, the number of viable lactic acid bacteria in the compound lactic acid bacteria-Bacillus lyophilized powder described in step S1 is ≥1×10⁻⁶. 10 CFU / g, Bacillus viable count ≥1×10⁻⁶ 10 CFU / g, with a weight ratio of 1:1. Furthermore, in step S5, the rotation speed of the roller sprayer is 20 rpm, the spraying time is 5 minutes, and the atomization pressure of the gum arabic solution is 0.4 MPa.

[0039] Example 3 A low-protein, environmentally friendly compound feed for fattening pigs consists of a core feed and a base feed, wherein the core feed accounts for 12% of the total feed weight and the base feed accounts for 88% of the total feed weight. The core material consists of the following components in parts by weight: 45.0 parts fermented soybean meal, 25.0 parts corn stalk distiller's grains, 1.0 part compound enzyme preparation, 4.5 parts compound acidifier, 0.2 parts yucca extract, 2.0 parts organic trace element premix, 5.0 parts synthetic amino acids, 1.0 part traditional Chinese medicine extract, 2.5 parts attapulgite clay, 0.2 parts chitosan oligosaccharide, and a carrier to make up to 100 parts. The base material consists of the following components by weight percentage: 64.0 parts corn, 16.0 parts soybean meal, 10.0 parts wheat bran, and 2.0 parts soybean oil; The organic trace element premix also includes stone powder, dicalcium phosphate, salt, vitamins, and minerals.

[0040] Furthermore, the compound enzyme preparation comprises 2500 U / g phytase, 8500 U / g xylanase and 3500 U / g β-glucanase, and is attached to the surface of the granules by roller spraying after granulation.

[0041] Furthermore, the composite acidifying agent is a mixture of benzoic acid and fumaric acid in a mass ratio of 3:2; the carrier is at least one of defatted rice bran, corn cob powder or wheat bran, with a particle size ≤60 mesh.

[0042] Furthermore, the organic trace element premix provides zinc, copper, iron, and manganese in the form of amino acid chelates, wherein the zinc content in the complete feed is 200 mg / kg, copper 5 mg / kg, iron 60 mg / kg, and manganese 20 mg / kg, calculated by element.

[0043] Furthermore, the synthesized amino acid is a combination of lysine sulfate, DL-methionine, L-threonine and L-tryptophan in a weight ratio of 10:3:2:1, and the ratio of total lysine to crude protein in the formula is ≥0.075, and the crude protein content is ≤13.5%.

[0044] Furthermore, the herbal extract is a mixture of Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract and Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide in a weight ratio of 1:1.

[0045] Furthermore, the attapulgite clay has a particle size ≤200 mesh and a montmorillonite content ≥88%; the chitosan oligosaccharide has a molecular weight ≤3000 Da and a degree of deacetylation ≥90%.

[0046] A method for producing a low-protein, environmentally friendly compound feed for fattening pigs includes the following steps: Step S1: Preparation of fermented soybean meal: Mix soybean meal and wheat bran at a mass ratio of 7:3, adjust the moisture content to 45%, inoculate with compound lactic acid bacteria-Bacillus freeze-dried powder at an inoculation amount of 0.1%, put into a breathable fermentation bag, let it ferment at 30℃ for 72 hours, dry it until the moisture content is ≤12%, and then pulverize it to obtain fermented soybean meal powder. Step S2: Preparation of pre-adsorption carrier: After mixing the composite acidifier, yucca extract, traditional Chinese medicine extract and chitosan oligosaccharide, spray it evenly into the carrier powder, mix it in a kneader for 10 minutes, then add attapulgite clay and continue mixing, dry at 40℃ until the moisture content is ≤8% to obtain pre-adsorption carrier powder. Step S3: Mixing core materials: Add the fermented soybean meal powder, corn stalk distillers' grains powder, organic trace element premix, synthetic amino acids and the pre-adsorbed carrier powder obtained in step S1 to the mixer, and add 50% of the total amount of compound enzyme preparation. Mix for 10 minutes to obtain the core material finished product. Step S4: Prepare the base ingredients: Weigh out corn, soybean meal, wheat bran and soybean oil, and put them into a mixer and mix for 8 minutes; Step S5: Granulation and post-coating: Mix the base material obtained in step S4 and the core material obtained in step S3 in a certain proportion, granulate after conditioning, and the conditioning conditions are 68℃ temperature and 0.25MPa steam pressure, followed by cooling; then spray the remaining 50% compound enzyme preparation onto the surface of the pellets through a roller sprayer, and at the same time atomize and spray 5% gum arabic solution to form a protective film. After drying, the finished feed is obtained.

[0047] Furthermore, the number of viable lactic acid bacteria in the compound lactic acid bacteria-Bacillus lyophilized powder described in step S1 is ≥1×10⁻⁶. 10 CFU / g, Bacillus viable count ≥1×10⁻⁶ 10 CFU / g, with a weight ratio of 1:1. Furthermore, in step S5, the rotation speed of the roller sprayer is 20 rpm, the spraying time is 5 minutes, and the atomization pressure of the gum arabic solution is 0.4 MPa.

[0048] Comparative Example 1 A low-protein, environmentally friendly compound feed for fattening pigs consists of a core feed and a base feed, wherein the core feed accounts for 12% of the total feed weight and the base feed accounts for 88% of the total feed weight. The core material consists of the following components in parts by weight: 40.0 parts fermented soybean meal, 28.0 parts corn stalk distiller's grains, 0.8 parts compound enzyme preparation, 4.0 parts compound acidifier, 0.3 parts yucca extract, 2.5 parts organic trace element premix, 6.5 parts synthetic amino acids, 1.5 parts traditional Chinese medicine extract, and a carrier to make up to 100 parts. The base material consists of the following components by weight percentage: 64.0 parts corn, 16.0 parts soybean meal, 10.0 parts wheat bran, and 2.0 parts soybean oil; The organic trace element premix also includes stone powder, dicalcium phosphate, salt, vitamins, and minerals.

[0049] Furthermore, the compound enzyme preparation comprises 2500 U / g phytase, 8500 U / g xylanase and 3500 U / g β-glucanase, and is attached to the surface of the granules by roller spraying after granulation.

[0050] Furthermore, the composite acidifying agent is a mixture of benzoic acid and fumaric acid in a mass ratio of 3:2; the carrier is defatted rice bran with a particle size ≤60 mesh.

[0051] Furthermore, the organic trace element premix provides zinc, copper, iron, and manganese in the form of amino acid chelates, wherein the zinc content in the complete feed is 200 mg / kg, copper 5 mg / kg, iron 60 mg / kg, and manganese 20 mg / kg, calculated by element.

[0052] Furthermore, the synthesized amino acid is a combination of lysine sulfate, DL-methionine, L-threonine and L-tryptophan in a weight ratio of 10:3:2:1, and the ratio of total lysine to crude protein in the formula is ≥0.075, and the crude protein content is ≤13.5%.

[0053] Furthermore, the herbal extract is a mixture of Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract and Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide in a weight ratio of 1:1.

[0054] A method for producing a low-protein, environmentally friendly compound feed for fattening pigs includes the following steps: Step S1: Preparation of fermented soybean meal: Mix soybean meal and wheat bran at a mass ratio of 7:3, adjust the moisture content to 45%, inoculate with compound lactic acid bacteria-Bacillus freeze-dried powder at an inoculation amount of 0.1%, put into a breathable fermentation bag, let it ferment at 30℃ for 72 hours, dry it until the moisture content is ≤12%, and then pulverize it to obtain fermented soybean meal powder. Step S2: Preparation of pre-adsorption carrier: Mix the composite acidifier, yucca extract and traditional Chinese medicine extract, and spray them evenly into the carrier powder. Mix in a kneader for 10 minutes and dry at 40°C until the moisture content is ≤8% to obtain pre-adsorption carrier powder. Step S3: Mixing core materials: Add the fermented soybean meal powder, corn stalk distillers' grains powder, organic trace element premix, synthetic amino acids and the pre-adsorbed carrier powder obtained in step S1 to the mixer, and add 50% of the total amount of compound enzyme preparation. Mix for 10 minutes to obtain the core material finished product. Step S4: Prepare the base ingredients: Weigh out corn, soybean meal, wheat bran and soybean oil, and put them into a mixer and mix for 8 minutes; Step S5: Granulation and post-coating: Mix the base material obtained in step S4 and the core material obtained in step S3 in a certain proportion, granulate after conditioning, and the conditioning conditions are 68℃ temperature and 0.25MPa steam pressure, followed by cooling; then spray the remaining 50% compound enzyme preparation onto the surface of the pellets through a roller sprayer, and at the same time atomize and spray 5% gum arabic solution to form a protective film. After drying, the finished feed is obtained.

[0055] Furthermore, the number of viable lactic acid bacteria in the compound lactic acid bacteria-Bacillus lyophilized powder described in step S1 is ≥1×10⁻⁶. 10 CFU / g, Bacillus viable count ≥1×10⁻⁶ 10 CFU / g, with a weight ratio of 1:1. Furthermore, in step S5, the rotation speed of the roller sprayer is 20 rpm, the spraying time is 5 minutes, and the atomization pressure of the gum arabic solution is 0.4 MPa.

[0056] Comparative Example 2 A low-protein, environmentally friendly compound feed for fattening pigs consists of a core feed and a base feed, wherein the core feed accounts for 12% of the total feed weight and the base feed accounts for 88% of the total feed weight. The core material consists of the following components in parts by weight: 40.0 parts fermented soybean meal, 28.0 parts corn stalk distiller's grains, 0.8 parts compound enzyme preparation, 4.0 parts compound acidifier, 0.3 parts yucca extract, 2.5 parts organic trace element premix, 6.5 parts synthetic amino acids, and a carrier to make up to 100 parts. The base material consists of the following components by weight percentage: 64.0 parts corn, 16.0 parts soybean meal, 10.0 parts wheat bran, and 2.0 parts soybean oil; The organic trace element premix also includes stone powder, dicalcium phosphate, salt, vitamins, and minerals.

[0057] Furthermore, the compound enzyme preparation comprises 2500 U / g phytase, 8500 U / g xylanase and 3500 U / g β-glucanase, and is attached to the surface of the granules by roller spraying after granulation.

[0058] Furthermore, the composite acidifying agent is a mixture of benzoic acid and fumaric acid in a mass ratio of 3:2; the carrier is defatted rice bran with a particle size ≤60 mesh.

[0059] Furthermore, the organic trace element premix provides zinc, copper, iron, and manganese in the form of amino acid chelates, wherein the zinc content in the complete feed is 200 mg / kg, copper 5 mg / kg, iron 60 mg / kg, and manganese 20 mg / kg, calculated by element.

[0060] Furthermore, the synthesized amino acid is a combination of lysine sulfate, DL-methionine, L-threonine and L-tryptophan in a weight ratio of 10:3:2:1, and the ratio of total lysine to crude protein in the formula is ≥0.075, and the crude protein content is ≤13.5%.

[0061] A method for producing a low-protein, environmentally friendly compound feed for fattening pigs includes the following steps: Step S1: Preparation of fermented soybean meal: Mix soybean meal and wheat bran at a mass ratio of 7:3, adjust the moisture content to 45%, inoculate with compound lactic acid bacteria-Bacillus freeze-dried powder at an inoculation amount of 0.1%, put into a breathable fermentation bag, let it ferment at 30℃ for 72 hours, dry it until the moisture content is ≤12%, and then pulverize it to obtain fermented soybean meal powder. Step S2: Preparation of pre-adsorbed carrier: After mixing the composite acidifier and yucca extract, spray the mixture evenly into the carrier powder, mix in a kneader for 10 minutes, and dry at 40°C until the moisture content is ≤8% to obtain pre-adsorbed carrier powder. Step S3: Mixing core materials: Add the fermented soybean meal powder, corn stalk distillers' grains powder, organic trace element premix, synthetic amino acids and the pre-adsorbed carrier powder obtained in step S1 to the mixer, and add 50% of the total amount of compound enzyme preparation. Mix for 10 minutes to obtain the core material finished product. Step S4: Prepare the base ingredients: Weigh out corn, soybean meal, wheat bran and soybean oil, and put them into a mixer and mix for 8 minutes; Step S5: Granulation and post-coating: Mix the base material obtained in step S4 and the core material obtained in step S3 in a certain proportion, granulate after conditioning, and the conditioning conditions are 68℃ temperature and 0.25MPa steam pressure, followed by cooling; then spray the remaining 50% compound enzyme preparation onto the surface of the pellets through a roller sprayer, and at the same time atomize and spray 5% gum arabic solution to form a protective film. After drying, the finished feed is obtained.

[0062] Furthermore, the number of viable lactic acid bacteria in the compound lactic acid bacteria-Bacillus lyophilized powder described in step S1 is ≥1×10⁻⁶. 10 CFU / g, Bacillus viable count ≥1×10⁻⁶ 10 CFU / g, with a weight ratio of 1:1. Furthermore, in step S5, the rotation speed of the roller sprayer is 20 rpm, the spraying time is 5 minutes, and the atomization pressure of the gum arabic solution is 0.4 MPa. Blank group The diet consisted of a standard corn-soybean meal basal diet with a crude protein level of 16.0%, composed of corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, soybean oil, and conventional premixes.

[0064] Experimental Results and Analysis Table 1 Effects of different treatments on growth performance of finishing pigs

[0065] As shown in Table 1, the ADG of Examples 1-3 were significantly higher than those of the control group and the two comparative examples, while the F / G ratio and diarrhea rate were significantly reduced. Among them, Example 3 showed the best growth performance, with ADG increased by 14.6%, F / G decreased by 12.5%, and diarrhea rate decreased by 52.1% compared to the control group. Comparative Example 1 showed some improvement compared to Comparative Example 2 and the control group, but the effect was not as good as the examples containing attapulgite clay and chitosan oligosaccharide, indicating that these two substances, together with the whole component, significantly promoted the growth and intestinal health of pigs.

[0066] Table 2. Effects of different treatments on nitrogen metabolism and ammonia concentration in the barn.

[0067] Table 2 shows that the total excreted nitrogen and ammonia concentrations in Examples 1-3 were significantly lower than those in the control group and the two comparative examples, and the nitrogen deposition rate was significantly increased. Example 3 showed the largest reduction, with total excreted nitrogen decreasing by 32.8% and ammonia concentration decreasing by 57.8% compared to the control group. The nitrogen emissions in Comparative Example 1 were already better than in Comparative Example 2, indicating that yucca extract and acidifiers have a certain ammonia-reducing effect. However, the addition of attapulgite clay and chitosan oligosaccharides further increased the nitrogen deposition rate, significantly reducing excreted nitrogen and ammonia emissions, demonstrating a key synergistic effect.

[0068] Table 3 Effects of different treatments on serum biochemical parameters of fattening pigs

[0069] As shown in Table 3, the serum urea nitrogen level in the Example group was significantly lower than that in other groups, indicating enhanced protein synthesis and metabolism; the immunoglobulin G content was significantly increased, with Example 3 showing the highest level. This further confirms the positive effects of attapulgite clay and chitosan oligosaccharide in improving protein utilization and enhancing immune function.

[0070] Based on the above experimental data, the low-protein, environmentally friendly fattening pig compound feed provided by this invention utilizes fermented soybean meal, compound enzymes, acidifiers, yucca extract, traditional Chinese medicine extracts, and a specific ratio of attapulgite clay and chitosan oligosaccharides in a scientifically formulated blend, achieving universal applicability throughout the fattening period. Even without adjusting the formula according to different stages, it can still significantly improve daily weight gain, reduce feed conversion ratio and diarrhea rate, while substantially reducing nitrogen excretion and ammonia concentration in the pigsty, achieving the dual goals of promoting fattening and environmental protection, and possessing outstanding promotional value.

[0071] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-protein, environmentally friendly compound feed for fattening pigs, characterized in that, It consists of core feed and base feed, wherein the core feed accounts for 8%-15% of the total feed weight and the base feed accounts for 85%-92% of the total feed weight; The core material consists of the following components in parts by weight: 35-45 parts fermented soybean meal, 25-30 parts corn stalk distiller's grains, 0.5-1.0 parts compound enzyme preparation, 3.0-4.5 parts compound acidifier, 0.2-0.5 parts yucca extract, 2.0-3.0 parts organic trace element premix, 5.0-8.0 parts synthetic amino acids, 1.0-2.0 parts traditional Chinese medicine extract, 1.0-2.5 parts attapulgite clay, 0.1-0.2 parts chitosan oligosaccharide, and a carrier to make up to 100 parts. The base material consists of the following components by weight percentage: 62-66 parts corn, 14-18 parts soybean meal, 8-12 parts wheat bran, and 1.5-2.5 parts soybean oil; The organic trace element premix also includes stone powder, dicalcium phosphate, salt, vitamins, and minerals.

2. The low-protein, environmentally friendly fattening pig compound feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compound enzyme preparation contains 2500-5000 U / g of phytase, 8000-12000 U / g of xylanase and 3000-6000 U / g of β-glucanase, and is applied to the surface of the granules by roller spraying after granulation.

3. The low-protein, environmentally friendly fattening pig compound feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite acidifying agent is a mixture of benzoic acid and fumaric acid in a mass ratio of 3:2; the carrier is at least one of defatted rice bran, corn cob powder or wheat bran, with a particle size ≤60 mesh.

4. The low-protein, environmentally friendly fattening pig compound feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic trace element premix provides zinc, copper, iron, and manganese in the form of amino acid chelates, wherein the zinc content in the complete feed is 200-400 mg / kg, copper 5-15 mg / kg, iron 60-100 mg / kg, and manganese 20-40 mg / kg, calculated as elements.

5. The low-protein, environmentally friendly fattening pig compound feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synthesized amino acid is a combination of lysine sulfate, DL-methionine, L-threonine and L-tryptophan in a weight ratio of 10:3:2:1, and the ratio of total lysine to crude protein in the formula is ≥0.075, and the crude protein content is ≤13.5%.

6. The low-protein, environmentally friendly fattening pig compound feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The herbal extract is a mixture of Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract and Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide in a weight ratio of 1:

1.

7. The low-protein, environmentally friendly fattening pig compound feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The attapulgite clay has a particle size ≤200 mesh and a montmorillonite content ≥85%; the chitosan oligosaccharide has a molecular weight ≤3000 Da and a degree of deacetylation ≥90%.

8. A method for producing a low-protein, environmentally friendly fattening pig compound feed according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Preparation of fermented soybean meal: Mix soybean meal and wheat bran at a mass ratio of 7:3, adjust the moisture content to 45%, inoculate with compound lactic acid bacteria-Bacillus lyophilized powder at an inoculation amount of 0.1%, put into a breathable fermentation bag, let it ferment at 28-35℃ for 72 hours, dry it until the moisture content is ≤12%, and then pulverize it to obtain fermented soybean meal powder. Step S2: Preparation of pre-adsorption carrier: Mix the composite acidifier, yucca extract, traditional Chinese medicine extract and chitosan oligosaccharide, and spray them evenly into the carrier powder. Mix in a kneader for 5-10 minutes, then add attapulgite clay and continue mixing. Dry at 40°C until the moisture content is ≤8% to obtain pre-adsorption carrier powder. Step S3: Mixing core materials: Add the fermented soybean meal powder, corn stalk distillers' grains powder, organic trace element premix, synthetic amino acids and the pre-adsorbed carrier powder obtained in step S1 to the mixer, and add 50% of the total amount of compound enzyme preparation. Mix for 10-15 minutes to obtain the core material finished product. Step S4: Prepare the base ingredients: Weigh out corn, soybean meal, wheat bran and soybean oil, and put them into a mixer and mix for 5-8 minutes; Step S5: Granulation and post-coating: Mix the base material obtained in step S4 and the core material obtained in step S3 in a certain proportion, granulate after conditioning, and the conditioning conditions are 65-70℃ temperature and 0.2-0.3MPa steam pressure, and then cool; then spray the remaining 50% compound enzyme preparation onto the surface of the pellets through a roller sprayer, and at the same time atomize and spray 5% gum arabic solution to form a protective film. After drying, the finished feed is obtained.

9. The processing method of the low-protein, environmentally friendly fattening pig compound feed and its production method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The viable lactic acid bacteria count in the compound lactic acid bacteria-Bacillus lyophilized powder described in step S1 is ≥1×10⁻⁶. 10 CFU / g, Bacillus viable count ≥1×10⁻⁶ 10 CFU / g, with a weight ratio of 1:

1.

10. The processing method of the low-protein, environmentally friendly fattening pig compound feed and its production method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S5, the rotation speed of the roller sprayer is 15-25 rpm, the spraying time is 3-5 minutes, and the atomization pressure of the gum arabic solution is 0.3-0.5 MPa.

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