Peanut shelling cylinder having segmented differential support rigidity features

Abstract

The application discloses a peanut shelling drum with segmented differential support rigidity characteristics, comprising a middle shaft and a plurality of beating plate assemblies arranged in a circumferential array around the middle shaft; the beating plate assembly comprises a beating plate and a support mechanism connected between the beating plate and the middle shaft, and the support mechanism is installed on the middle shaft through a fixing structure; the support mechanism is composed of a plurality of mutually adhered plate bodies, the lengths of the plate bodies are different in pairs, and the plate bodies are arranged in order from short to long, so that the side of each plate body facing the beating plate forms a stepped structure; the beating plate is fixed to the end of the longest plate body; all the plate bodies in the same support mechanism extend outward from the same fixing position on the middle shaft to form a cantilever; when the middle shaft rotates, in the rotating direction, the long plate body is in front of the short plate body. The peanut shelling drum has different rigidity properties in different segments of the support mechanism as a whole, and the length of different rigidity segments can be adjusted as required, so that the peanut shelling effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of peanut shelling technology, and in particular to a peanut shelling roller with segmented differential support rigidity. Background Technology

[0002] In the seed processing industry, shelling quality directly affects the integrity and germination ability of peanut kernels. If kernels are damaged during shelling due to compression or impact, not only will the commercial quality be reduced, but they will also lose their germination ability, resulting in seed loss. The shelling drum is the core working component of a peanut shelling machine. During operation, a central shaft drives multiple circumferentially arranged striking plates to rotate at high speed. The striking plates beat and knead the peanut pods entering the drum, causing the pod shells to crack and the kernels to be extracted. The structural design and working performance of the shelling drum directly determine key indicators such as shelling rate, kernel integrity rate, and shelling cleanliness rate, and have a significant impact on the quality of peanut processing, especially seed processing.

[0003] In the prior art, the applicant's earlier application CN118120935B discloses a spring-plate flexible shelling roller. This design uses a square plate-shaped elastic component to connect the central shaft and the striking plate assembly. The elastic component is composed of two overlapping elastic plates. By adjusting the overlapping area of ​​the two elastic plates, the overall stiffness of the elastic component can be changed, thereby adapting to the shelling requirements of different types of nuts to a certain extent. However, in this design, the stiffness distribution of the elastic component in the extension direction from the central shaft to the striking plate is unreasonable. In actual shelling operations, after the striking plate is subjected to the reaction force of the peanut pods, the elastic component undergoes large elastic deformation at both ends along its overall length, while the middle part has greater rigidity. The overall stiffness response of the elastic component is unreasonable, and the striking plate is prone to continuous high-frequency vibration during high-speed striking, which affects the shelling efficiency and makes the overall machine operation unstable. Secondly, when the overlapping area of ​​the two elastic plates is changed to adjust the stiffness, the overall length of the two elastic plates after splicing will inevitably change, which will cause the working gap between the flexible beating plate and the concave screen to change, affecting the stability and consistency of the machine's shelling performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a peanut shelling roller with segmented differential support rigidity characteristics, reasonable distribution of support stiffness, high operational stability and consistency.

[0005] Technical solution: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a peanut shelling roller with segmented differential support rigidity, which includes a central shaft and a plurality of striking plate assemblies arranged in a circumferential array around the central shaft; the striking plate assembly includes striking plates and a support mechanism, the support mechanism being connected between the striking plates and the central shaft, and the support mechanism being mounted on the central shaft by a fixing structure;

[0006] The support mechanism consists of multiple layers of mutually bonded plates, each plate having a different length and arranged from shortest to longest, forming a stepped structure on the side of each plate facing the striking plate; the striking plate is fixed at the end of the longest plate; all plates in the same support mechanism extend outward from the same fixed position on the central axis to form a cantilever; through the above structure, the number of plate layers gradually decreases in the direction from the central axis to the striking plate; adjacent plates have overlapping and bonded portions, and all plates are elastic spring plates.

[0007] When the central axis rotates, the longer plate is in front of the shorter plate in the direction of rotation.

[0008] Furthermore, a mounting surface offset from the central axis is formed on the central axis, and the roots of all the plates constituting the support mechanism are stacked on the mounting surface and fixed relative to the central axis by the fixing structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the support mechanism consists of three layers of plates: a long plate, a middle plate, and a short plate; the end of the long plate is connected to the striking plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the fixing structure includes a first screw; all the plates in the same support mechanism are fixed relative to the central axis by the first screw.

[0011] Furthermore, the effective cantilever distance of at least one of the plates can be adjusted, wherein the effective cantilever distance is the distance between the connection position of the plate and the central axis and the edge of the plate near the striking plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the plate body, whose effective cantilever distance can be adjusted, has a strip-shaped hole, and the fixing structure includes a component that passes through the strip-shaped hole and connects to the central shaft; this component may be a screw.

[0013] Furthermore, the longest end of the plate has an elongated hole, through which a second screw fixes the plate relative to the elongated hole.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The peanut shelling roller of the present invention, which features segmented differential support rigidity, has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The peanut shelling roller of this invention comprises multiple plates of varying lengths that are close together. During rotation, the longer plates face forward, allowing the shorter plates at the rear to support the longer plates at the front. Different sections of the support mechanism possess different stiffness properties. During shelling, the reaction force of the peanut pods on the striking plates affects different sections of the support mechanism differently. The closer to the root, the greater the stiffness and the smaller the deformation; the closer to the end, the fewer the layers, the lower the stiffness and the greater the deformation. Thus, when the striking plates contact and strike or rub the peanut pods, the ends of the support mechanism can provide appropriate elasticity, creating a good buffer and preventing damage to the peanut kernels. The root of the support mechanism, while possessing a certain degree of elasticity, also provides stable support, preventing continuous high-frequency vibrations from affecting shelling. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 A first-view structural diagram of a peanut shelling drum with segmented differential support rigidity.

[0017] Figure 2 A second-view structural diagram of a peanut shelling drum with segmented differential support rigidity;

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a peanut shelling roller with segmented differential support rigidity, viewed from a first-view perspective.

[0019] In the diagram: A - central axis; B - plate-making assembly; 1 - plate-making; 2 - support mechanism; 21 - plate body; 21a - strip hole; 21b - long strip hole; 211 - long plate; 212 - middle plate; 213 - short plate; 3 - fixing structure; 31 - first screw; 4 - second screw. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 3 The peanut shelling roller shown has segmented differential support rigidity features. It includes a central shaft A and multiple beating plate assemblies B arranged in a circular array around the central shaft A. The beating plate assembly B includes a beating plate 1 and a support mechanism 2. The support mechanism 2 is connected between the beating plate 1 and the central shaft A and is mounted on the central shaft A by a fixing structure 3.

[0022] The support mechanism 2 is composed of multiple layers of mutually bonded plates 21, each plate 21 having a different length and arranged sequentially from shortest to longest, so that the side of each plate 21 facing the striking plate 1 forms a stepped structure; the striking plate 1 is fixed at the end of the longest plate 21; all plates 21 in the same support mechanism 2 extend outward from the same fixed position on the central axis A to form a cantilever; through the above structure, the number of layers of plates 21 gradually decreases in the direction from the central axis A to the striking plate 1; adjacent plates 21 have overlapping and bonded portions, and all plates 21 are elastic spring plates.

[0023] When the central axis A rotates, the longer plate 21 is in front of the shorter plate 21 in the direction of rotation.

[0024] In practical use, the peanut shelling roller of the present invention is used in conjunction with a concave plate screen or a cylindrical screen. The beating plate 1 of the peanut shelling roller can act on the peanut pods in the concave plate screen or the cylindrical screen to beat and rub the peanut pods, thereby realizing the shelling operation of the peanut pods.

[0025] The peanut shelling roller of this invention employs multiple plates 21 of varying lengths that are close together. During rotation, the longer plates face forward, allowing the shorter plates at the rear to support the longer plates at the front. Different sections of the support mechanism 2 have different stiffness properties. During shelling, the reaction force of the peanut pods on the striking plate 1 affects the different sections of the support mechanism 2 differently. The closer to the root, the greater the stiffness and the smaller the deformation; the closer to the end, the fewer the layers, the smaller the stiffness and the greater the deformation. Thus, when the striking plate 1 contacts and strikes / rubs the peanut pods, the end of the support mechanism 2 can provide appropriate elasticity, creating a good buffer and preventing damage to the peanut kernels. The root of the support mechanism 2, while possessing a certain degree of elasticity, also provides stable support, preventing continuous high-frequency vibration of the plates 21 from affecting shelling.

[0026] Preferably, a mounting surface offset from the central axis is formed on the central axis A. The roots of all the plates 21 constituting the support mechanism 2 are stacked on the mounting surface and fixed relative to the central axis A by the fixing structure 3. This structure facilitates the stacking and installation of all the plates 21, reducing installation difficulty.

[0027] Preferably, in this embodiment, the support mechanism 2 is composed of three plates 21, namely a long plate 211, a middle plate 212, and a short plate 213; the end of the long plate 21a is connected to the striking plate 1. In this embodiment, the support mechanism 2 is divided into three sections, each with a different stiffness.

[0028] Preferably, the fixing structure 3 includes a first screw 31; all the plates 21 in the same support mechanism 2 are fixed relative to the central axis A by the first screw 31.

[0029] Preferably, at least one of the plate bodies 21 has an adjustable effective cantilever distance. The effective cantilever distance is the distance between the connection point of the plate body 21 and the central axis A and the edge of the plate body 21 near the striking plate 1, as shown in the figure, the effective cantilever distances of the long plate 211, the middle plate 212, and the short plate 213 are d1, d2, and d3, respectively. In this embodiment, the effective cantilever distances of the middle plate 212 and the short plate 213 are adjustable. The plate body 21 with adjustable effective cantilever distance has a strip hole 21a. The fixing structure 3 includes a component that passes through the strip hole 21a and connects to the central axis A; this component can be a screw. When the plate body 21 is fixed with the first screw 31, and the segment rigidity needs to be adjusted, first loosen the first screw 31, then adjust the position of the target plate body to change the effective cantilever length of the target plate body. After adjustment, tighten the first screw 31.

[0030] Preferably, the longest end of the plate 21 has an elongated hole 21b, through which a second screw 4 fixes the striking plate 1 relative to the elongated hole 21b. The position of the longest plate 21 relative to the central axis A is not adjustable. By changing the position of the second screw 4 in the elongated hole 21b, the gap between the striking plate 1 and the cooperating concave screen can be adjusted independently without affecting the relative positional relationship between the plates 21.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A peanut shelling roller with segmented differential support rigidity, comprising a central shaft (A) and a plurality of striking plate assemblies (B) arranged in a circumferential array around the central shaft (A); the striking plate assembly (B) includes striking plates (1) and a support mechanism (2), the support mechanism (2) being connected between the striking plates (1) and the central shaft (A), and the support mechanism (2) being mounted on the central shaft (A) by a fixing structure (3); characterized in that: The support mechanism (2) is composed of multiple layers of mutually attached plates (21), each plate (21) having a different length and arranged in order from shortest to longest, so that the side of each plate (21) facing the striking plate (1) forms a stepped structure; the striking plate (1) is fixed at the end of the longest plate (21); all the plates (21) in the same support mechanism (2) extend outward from the same fixed position on the central axis (A) to form a cantilever; When the central axis (A) rotates, the longer plate (21) is in front of the shorter plate (21) in the direction of rotation.

2. The peanut shelling roller with segmented differential support rigidity as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A mounting surface offset from the central axis is formed on the central axis. The roots of all the plates (21) constituting the support mechanism (2) are stacked on the mounting surface and fixed relative to the central axis (A) by the fixing structure (3).

3. The peanut shelling roller with segmented differential support rigidity as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support mechanism (2) consists of three layers of plates (21), namely a long plate (211), a middle plate (212) and a short plate (213); the end of the long plate (21a) is connected to the striking plate (1).

4. The peanut shelling roller with segmented differential support rigidity as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The fixing structure (3) includes a first screw (31); all the plates (21) in the same support mechanism (2) are fixed relative to the central axis (A) by the first screw (31).

5. The peanut shelling roller with segmented differential support rigidity as described in claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the plate bodies (21) has an effective cantilever distance that can be adjusted. The effective cantilever distance is the distance between the connection position of the plate body (21) and the central axis (A) and the edge of the plate body (21) near the striking plate (1).

6. The peanut shelling roller with segmented differential support rigidity as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The plate (21) with adjustable effective cantilever distance has a strip hole (21a), and the fixing structure (3) includes a component that passes through the strip hole (21a) and connects to the central shaft (A).

7. The peanut shelling roller with segmented differential support rigidity as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The longest end of the plate (21) has an elongated hole (21b), through which a second screw (4) passes to fix the plate (1) relative to the elongated hole (21b).

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