Processing and sealing device and method for wrapping alfalfa silage

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of processing and sealing storage device and method of wrapped alfalfa silage, belong to the technical field of silage feed processing, including conveying module, for cutting alfalfa section as raw material from feed to discharge whole-process conveying;Three-stage gradient drying module, by interval setting three gradient heating temperature control area to the raw material conveying is dried;Atomization spraying module, for uniform application of fermentation additive to the raw material after drying treatment;Anaerobic fermentation and compression module, for providing anaerobic pre-activation to the raw material after applying fermentation additive in closed space, and after anaerobic pre-activation, compression molding is carried out;Low temperature zone, medium temperature zone, slow temperature zone of three-stage gradient drying module and atomization spraying module are sequentially arranged along the raw material feed to discharge conveying direction.The application can solve the technical problems that the prior art lacks drying, spraying, pre-fermentation, compression whole-process processing experimental device and method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of silage processing technology, and in particular to a processing and sealing storage device and method for wrapped alfalfa silage. Background Technology

[0002] Alfalfa silage is the core technology for preserving alfalfa forage. Its core principle is to achieve anaerobic fermentation by lactic acid bacteria through appropriate moisture control, inoculation with fermentation agents, and the creation of an anaerobic environment, thereby preserving the nutrients of alfalfa for a long time. It is also the core research direction for process optimization, agent development, and parameter verification in the current forage industry. Currently, experimental work on process development, agent verification, and parameter optimization of alfalfa silage lacks dedicated and compatible equipment. Existing large-scale industrial equipment has a single processing capacity of several hundred kilograms, which cannot meet the needs of small-batch experiments of 5-20 kg in the laboratory. It also suffers from problems such as uneven drying, poor additive application effect, and chaotic process, and cannot achieve seamless integration of the entire process of drying, spraying, pre-fermentation, and compression. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a processing and sealing storage device and method for wrapped alfalfa silage, which solves the technical problem of the lack of experimental devices and methods for the entire process of drying, spraying, pre-fermentation and compression in the prior art, and the drying is uniform, the additive application effect is good, and the process layout is neat and reasonable.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a processing and sealing storage device for wrapped alfalfa silage, comprising: a conveying module for conveying cut alfalfa segments as raw materials from feeding to discharging throughout the entire process; The three-stage gradient drying module dries the conveyed raw materials by setting three gradient heating and temperature control zones at intervals. The atomizing spraying module is used to uniformly apply fermentation additives to the dried raw materials. The anaerobic fermentation and compression module is used to provide a closed space for anaerobic preactivation of raw materials after the addition of fermentation additives, and to compress and shape them after anaerobic preactivation. The support module is used to support and fix the conveying module, atomizing spraying module, and anaerobic fermentation and compression module. The three-stage gradient drying module consists of a low-temperature zone, a medium-temperature zone, a slow-temperature zone, and an atomizing spraying module, which are sequentially arranged along the raw material feeding and discharging direction.

[0005] Preferably, the support module is a support frame, with the front and rear ends and left and right sides of the support frame being open, and the top and bottom sides of the support frame being closed.

[0006] Preferably, the conveying module is a conveyor belt, and the material of the conveyor belt is high-temperature resistant polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0007] Preferably, the three-stage gradient drying module includes three drying structures respectively set in the low temperature zone, the medium temperature zone, and the slow temperature zone. The drying structures are symmetrically arranged on both sides to drive the drying structures to rotate and heat and dry evenly. The upper and lower ends of the drying structures are respectively connected to the support module through sliding support structures.

[0008] Preferably, the drying structure includes an annular frame 1 covered outside the conveying module. The inner side of the annular frame 1 has a plurality of heating plates arranged in annular array facing the conveying module. Heating elements are provided on the heating plates. The outer side of the annular frame 1 is covered with an annular gear arranged in concentric circles with the annular frame 1. The drive structure includes a drive gear that meshes with a ring gear. The drive gear is mounted on a drive rod. One end of the drive rod is connected to the output shaft of a drive motor mounted on a support module. The drive gears of the low-temperature zone, medium-temperature zone, and slow-temperature zone drying structures are connected in series and fixed on the same drive rod. The sliding support structure includes a support base located at the top or bottom of the support module. The support base has an arc-shaped surface, and the ring frame is slidably connected to the arc-shaped surface of the support base via pulleys.

[0009] Preferably, the atomizing spraying module includes spraying structures arranged sequentially along the conveying direction of the dried raw materials. The spraying structure includes an annular frame II covering the outside of the conveying module. The inner side of the annular frame II has a plurality of spray nozzles facing the conveying module. The spray nozzles are connected to a storage tank for storing fermentation additives through a conveying pipe and a conveying pump. The two sides of the ring frame are fixed to the support module through fixed seats, and the end of the drive rod away from the drive motor is rotatably connected to the fixed seat.

[0010] Preferably, the anaerobic fermentation and compression module includes a fermentation and compression chamber with an open top located at the discharge end of the conveying module. One side of the fermentation and compression chamber is provided with an ejection structure for ejecting the compressed raw material. The side of the fermentation and compression chamber away from the ejection structure is provided with a lifting and opening structure. A pressing structure is provided above the fermentation and compression chamber. The fermentation and compression chamber is connected to the support module through a translation and shaking structure. The bottom end of the fermentation and compression chamber is slidably connected to the support module. The translational shaking structure includes a translational element with reciprocating movement function, and the translational element is connected to the fermentation compression chamber through a fixed plate; The ejection structure includes a telescopic element mounted on a fixed plate, the telescopic element being connected to the ejection plate, and the ejection plate being slidably sealed within the fermentation compression chamber; The lifting and opening structure includes a lifting door, which is slidably and sealed to the fermentation compression chamber. Lifting blocks are symmetrically arranged at the top of the lifting door. The lifting blocks are driven to move up and down through the lifting structure. The lifting structure is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fermentation compression chamber. The pressing structure includes a pressing element located at the top of the support module. The pressing element is connected to a pressing plate, which is slidably and sealed to the fermentation compression chamber. The pressing plate applies pressure to the raw materials in the fermentation compression chamber to extrude and shape them. A one-way valve for the gas discharge from the fermentation compression chamber is provided on the pressing plate.

[0011] Preferably, the support module is also provided with a number of turning rake teeth arranged sequentially along the raw material conveying direction. The top of the turning rake teeth is set on a fixed rod and the position can be adjusted by sliding on the fixed rod. The fixed rod is connected to the lifting element installed on the top of the support module through a connecting rod.

[0012] This invention also provides a method for processing and sealing alfalfa silage, comprising the following steps: Step 1, Raw material feeding: Place the fresh alfalfa segments that have been cleaned and cut as raw materials into the feeding end of the conveying module. The raw materials enter the three-stage gradient drying module along with the conveying module. Step 2, three-stage gradient drying: The raw materials are conveyed through a low-temperature zone, a medium-temperature zone and a slow-temperature zone for drying. The low-temperature zone removes free water from the surface of the raw materials by heating at low temperature. The medium-temperature zone removes moisture from the raw materials by adjusting the temperature. The slow-temperature zone retains the nutrients of the raw materials by cooling them slowly. Step 3, atomization spraying: The dried raw materials are evenly sprayed with fermentation additives through the atomization spraying module; Step 4, Anaerobic pre-activation: The raw materials after being sprayed with fermentation additives are transported to the anaerobic fermentation and compression module, and after being shaken evenly, they are kept in a closed environment to establish the dominant fermentation bacteria in advance. Step 5, Compression molding: The pre-activated raw materials are compressed into square bales through anaerobic fermentation and compression modules; Step 6, Fermentation and Storage: Wrap the square bales of straw in multiple layers of stretch film, and store the wrapped products in a room-temperature, light-protected environment for fermentation.

[0013] Preferably, in step two, The temperature in the low-temperature zone is 40-45℃, and the residence time is 4-6 minutes. The temperature in the medium-temperature zone is 50-55℃, and the residence time is 7-12 minutes. The temperature in the post-temperature zone is 35-40℃, and the residence time is 2-4 minutes; In step three, a two-component fermentation additive is sprayed per ton of fresh alfalfa. The fermentation additive includes 8-12g / t of compound lactic acid bacteria agent, 15-25g / t of compound enzyme preparation, and 40-60g / t of sodium propionate antifungal agent. The compound lactic acid bacteria agent includes Lactobacillus plantarum: Lactobacillus brylerii = 1-3:1. The raw materials are kept in a closed environment at 25-30℃ and 65%-75%RH for 30-60 minutes.

[0014] The advantages and positive effects of the processing and sealing storage device and method for wrapped alfalfa silage described in this invention are as follows: 1. It adopts a ring-shaped rotary three-stage gradient drying structure, which heats the raw materials in 360°. With adjustable turning rake teeth, it solves the problem of uneven heating of the upper and lower layers of the drying material. The moisture control of the raw materials is highly precise, and the gradient temperature control reduces the thermal degradation of nutrients and increases the crude protein retention rate. 2. The additive adopts a ring array atomizing spray structure, spraying the additive onto the raw materials in 360°. Combined with a conveyor belt with mesh to achieve double-sided spraying and adhesion, it increases the uniformity of mixing, makes the additive for fermentation evenly distributed, and ensures good consistency in fermentation start-up. 3. The fermentation and compression chamber is integrated, and the raw materials are sealed throughout the entire process from entry, shaking and pre-activation, which reduces the contamination rate of miscellaneous bacteria, and at the same time achieves anaerobic pre-activation of lactic acid bacteria, shortening the subsequent fermentation start-up time; 4. All modules are integrated into the same support module, with a compact structure and small footprint, which is suitable for the needs of small-batch laboratory experiments. It is easy to operate and maintain, with a simplified overall structure, low failure rate, and strong operational stability. It fills the gap in existing technologies for experimental devices and methods that cover the entire process of drying, spraying, pre-fermentation, and compression.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a front view of an embodiment of a processing and sealing storage device for wrapped alfalfa silage according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of an embodiment of a processing and sealing storage device for wrapped alfalfa silage according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a top view of an embodiment of a processing and sealing storage device for wrapped alfalfa silage according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a perspective view of a three-stage gradient drying module and atomizing spraying module in an embodiment of a processing and sealing storage device for wrapped alfalfa silage according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the front end structure of the anaerobic fermentation and compression module in an embodiment of the processing and sealing storage device for wrapped alfalfa silage of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of the anaerobic fermentation and compression module in an embodiment of the processing and sealing storage device for wrapped alfalfa silage of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the ejector plate sealing of an embodiment of a processing and sealing storage device for wrapped alfalfa silage according to the present invention; Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the lifting door sealing of an embodiment of the processing and sealing storage device for wrapped alfalfa silage according to the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the lower pressure plate sealing of an embodiment of a processing and sealing storage device for wrapped alfalfa silage according to the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of turning rake teeth in an embodiment of the processing and sealing storage device for wrapped alfalfa silage according to the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the turning rake tooth structure of an embodiment of a processing and sealing storage device for wrapped alfalfa silage according to the present invention.

[0017] Reference numerals: 1. Support frame; 2. Conveyor belt; 3. Low-temperature zone; 4. Medium-temperature zone; 5. Slow-temperature zone; 6. Drying structure; 7. Drive rod; 8. Support base; 9. Ring frame one; 10. Heating plate; 11. Drive gear; 12. Drive motor; 13. Ring gear; 14. Spraying structure; 15. Ring frame two; 16. Spray nozzle; 17. Fermentation compression chamber; 18. Push-out structure; 19. Lifting and opening structure; 20. Pressing structure; 21. Translation element; 22. 23. Fixed plate; 24. Slider; 25. Slide rail; 26. Telescopic element; 27. Push-out plate; 28. Lifting door; 29. ​​Lifting block; 30. Lead screw; 31. Lifting motor; 32. Pressing element; 33. Pressing plate; 34. Sealing rubber ring; 35. Sealing slide strip; 36. Elastic rubber ring; 37. One-way valve; 38. Turning rake teeth; 39. Collar; 40. Threaded rod; 41. Tightening handle; 42. Limiting groove; 43. Fixed rod; 44. Connecting rod; 45. Lifting element. Detailed Implementation

[0018] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0019] In this application, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. In case of any inconsistency, the meaning set forth in this specification or derived from the content described herein shall prevail. Furthermore, the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Example 1: like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the processing and sealing storage device for wrapped alfalfa silage of the present invention includes a conveying module, a three-stage gradient drying module, an atomizing spraying module, an anaerobic fermentation and compression module, and a support module.

[0022] The support module is used to support and fix the conveying module, atomizing spraying module, and anaerobic fermentation and compression module. The support module is a support frame 1. The front and rear ends and left and right sides of the support frame 1 are open to facilitate the installation of each module and to facilitate the observation of the operation of each module and the processing of alfalfa raw materials during the conveying process. The top and bottom sides of the support frame 1 are closed to facilitate the support and fixation of the structure of each module.

[0023] The conveying module is used to transport the chopped alfalfa segments as raw materials from feed to discharge. The conveying module is a conveyor belt 2, which is made of high-temperature resistant polytetrafluoroethylene. The conveyor belt 2 has mesh openings, which facilitates subsequent drying of the raw materials from both sides and the application of fermentation additives.

[0024] like Figure 4 As shown, the three-stage gradient drying module dries the conveyed raw materials by setting three gradient heating and temperature control zones at intervals. The atomizing spray module is used to uniformly apply fermentation additives to the dried raw materials. The low-temperature zone 3, medium-temperature zone 4, slow-temperature zone 5, and atomizing spray module of the three-stage gradient drying module are arranged sequentially along the raw material feeding direction to the discharge direction. The three-stage gradient drying module includes three drying structures 6 respectively located in the low-temperature zone 3, medium-temperature zone 4, and slow-temperature zone 5. Drive structures are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the drying structure 6 to drive its rotation for uniform heating and drying. The upper and lower ends of the drying structure 6 are connected to the support module via sliding support structures.

[0025] The drying structure 6 includes an annular frame 9 covering the outside of the conveying module. The inner side of the annular frame 9 has a ring array of heating plates 10 facing the conveying module. Heating elements are mounted on the heating plates 10. Annular gears 13, arranged concentrically with the annular frame 9, cover the outer side of the annular frame 9. The heating elements can be PTC heating cores, with 1-2 PTC heating cores corresponding to each heating plate 10. The PTC heating cores in the three temperature zones are independently wired and independently temperature-controlled. Existing temperature controllers and temperature sensors are used for temperature control and monitoring.

[0026] The drive structure includes a drive gear 11 that meshes with the ring gear 13. The drive gear 11 is mounted on the drive rod 7, and one end of the drive rod 7 is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 12 mounted on the support module. The drive gears 11 of the drying structures 6 in the low temperature zone 3, medium temperature zone 4, and slow temperature zone 5 are connected in series and fixed on the same drive rod 7.

[0027] The sliding support structure includes a support base 8 set at the top or bottom of the support module. The support base 8 has an arc-shaped surface, and several (small) pulleys are rotatably embedded on the arc-shaped surface. The ring frame 9 is slidably connected to the arc-shaped surface of the support base 8 through the pulleys.

[0028] The output shaft of the drive motor 12 drives the drive rod 7 to rotate, thereby driving the drive gears 11 of the drying structure 6 in the low temperature zone 3, medium temperature zone 4, and slow temperature zone 5 to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the symmetrical drive gears 11 drives the ring gear 13 to rotate in one direction, thereby driving the entire ring frame 9 to rotate. The heating plate 10 on the ring frame 9 heats the raw materials on the conveyor belt 2 evenly.

[0029] The atomizing spraying module includes spraying structures 14 arranged sequentially along the conveying direction of the dried raw materials. Each spraying structure 14 includes a ring-shaped frame 15 covering the outside of the conveying module. The inner side of the ring-shaped frame 15 has a ring array of spray nozzles 16 facing the conveying module. The spray nozzles 16 are connected to a storage tank for storing fermentation additives via a conveying pipe and a conveying pump. Both sides of the ring-shaped frame 15 are fixed to a support module via mounting bases. The end of the drive rod 7 furthest from the drive motor 12 is rotatably connected to the mounting base via a bearing.

[0030] like Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the anaerobic fermentation and compression module provides a sealed space for anaerobic pre-activation of raw materials after the application of fermentation additives, and then compresses and shapes them after anaerobic pre-activation. The anaerobic fermentation and compression module includes a fermentation and compression chamber 17 with an open top located at the discharge end of the conveying module. One side of the fermentation and compression chamber 17 has an ejection structure 18 for pushing out the compressed raw materials. A lifting and opening structure 19 is located on the side of the fermentation and compression chamber 17 away from the ejection structure 18, and a pressing structure 20 is located above the fermentation and compression chamber 17. The fermentation and compression chamber 17 is connected to the support module via a translational shaking structure, and the bottom end of the fermentation and compression chamber 17 is slidably connected to the support module. A slider 23 is located at the bottom end of the fermentation and compression chamber 17, and a groove 24 adapted to the slider 23 is located at the bottom end of the support frame 1. The slider 23 is inserted into the groove 24 and slidably connected to the groove 24.

[0031] The translational shaking structure includes a translational element 21 (hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, etc.) with reciprocating movement function. The translational element 21 is installed at the bottom of the support module and distributed on both sides of the annular frame 9 and the annular frame 15. The translational element 21 is connected to the fermentation compression chamber 17 through a fixing plate 22. Limit switches are set at both ends of the slide 24. When the fermentation compression chamber 17 touches the limit switch, the translational element 21 drives the fermentation compression chamber 17 to move in the opposite direction, realizing reciprocating translation, thereby shaking the raw materials in the fermentation compression chamber 17 evenly.

[0032] The ejection structure 18 includes a telescopic element 25 (hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, etc.) mounted on the fixed plate 22. The telescopic element 25 is connected to the ejection plate 26, which is slidably sealed within the fermentation compression chamber 17. The side of the fermentation compression chamber 17 closest to the fixed plate 22 is open, and a sealing rubber ring 33 is provided on its inner side (e.g., ...). Figure 7 As shown), when the ejector plate 26 is not moved, it is located at the sealing rubber ring 33 to achieve a seal.

[0033] The lifting and opening structure 19 includes a lifting door 27, which is slidably and sealed to the fermentation compression chamber 17. Lifting blocks 28 are symmetrically arranged at the top of the lifting door 27, and these blocks are driven to move up and down via the lifting structure. The lifting structure is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fermentation compression chamber 17. The lifting structure includes a lead screw 29, one end of which passes through the lifting block 28 and is connected to it via a thread. The other end of the lead screw 29 is connected to the output shaft of a lifting motor 30 mounted on the fermentation compression chamber 17. A limit block is provided at the end of the lead screw 29 furthest from the lifting motor 30 to prevent the lifting door 27 from detaching. The output shaft of the lifting motor 30 drives the lead screw 29 to rotate. Due to the symmetrical arrangement of the lifting structure, the lead screw 29 drives the lifting blocks 28 to move up and down along the lead screw 29, thus achieving the lifting and lowering of the lifting door 27. Integrated sealing strips 34 (such as...) are provided on the sides and bottom of the lifting door 27. Figure 8As shown), the inner side of the fermentation compression chamber 17 is provided with a groove that matches the sealing slide 34. The sealing slide 34 is inserted into the groove to slide and ensure that the lifting door 27 is sealed on both sides and bottom after it is lowered to the lowest position.

[0034] The pressing structure 20 includes a pressing element 31 (hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, etc.) disposed at the top of the support module, and the pressing element 31 is connected to the pressing plate 32. The pressing plate 32 is slidably sealed to the fermentation compression chamber 17, and a groove is provided on the side of the pressing plate 32, in which a removable elastic rubber ring 35 (such as...) is disposed. Figure 9 As shown, the elastic rubber ring 35 is fixed in the groove by its elasticity, and the elastic rubber ring 35 achieves the seal between the lower pressure plate 32 and the fermentation compression chamber 17. After the lower pressure plate 32 slides too many times, the elastic rubber ring 35 is pulled out of the groove and replaced with a new elastic rubber ring 35. The lower pressure plate 32 applies pressure to the raw materials in the fermentation compression chamber 17 by pressing down, and is equipped with a one-way valve 36 for the gas discharge from the fermentation compression chamber 17.

[0035] The present invention discloses a method for processing and sealing alfalfa silage, comprising the following steps: Step 1, Raw material feeding: Place the fresh alfalfa segments that have been cleaned and cut into 2-3cm pieces as raw materials into the feeding end of the conveying module. The raw materials enter the three-stage gradient drying module along with the conveying module.

[0036] Step 2, Three-stage gradient drying: The raw material is conveyed through the low-temperature zone 3, the medium-temperature zone 4, and the slow-temperature zone 5 for drying. The specific parameters are as follows: The temperature in low-temperature zone 3 is 40-45℃, and the residence time is 4-6 minutes to remove free water from the surface of the raw materials; The temperature in the medium-temperature zone 4 is 50-55℃, and the residence time is 7-12 minutes. The temperature is controlled to quickly remove the moisture from the raw materials for drying. The temperature in the post-cooling zone is 35-40℃, and the residence time is 2-4 minutes. Slow cooling preserves the nutrients in the raw materials (avoiding nutrient degradation).

[0037] Step 3, Atomized Spraying: The dried raw materials are evenly sprayed with fermentation additives through an atomized spraying module. A two-component fermentation additive is sprayed per ton of fresh alfalfa, consisting of 8-12 g / t of compound lactic acid bacteria, 15-25 g / t of compound enzyme preparation, and 40-60 g / t of sodium propionate antifungal agent. The compound lactic acid bacteria consists of *Lactobacillus plantarum* and *Lactobacillus brunelli* in a ratio of 1-3:1. The raw materials are kept in a sealed environment at 25-30℃ and 65%-75% RH (relative humidity) for 30-60 minutes.

[0038] Step 4, Anaerobic pre-activation: After spraying the fermentation additive, the raw material is transported to the anaerobic fermentation and compression module (the raw material is placed in the fermentation compression chamber 17, and the lower pressure plate 32 only provides a sealed environment without pressing down). After being shaken evenly, it stays in a sealed environment to establish the dominant fermentation bacteria in advance.

[0039] Step 5, Compression Molding: The pre-activated raw materials are compressed to a density of 650-750 kg / m³ under anaerobic fermentation and compression modules at a pressure of 10-14 MPa. 3 The square bales of straw (which are then pushed out by the push-out plate 26 when the lifting door 27 is raised) do not require binding ropes.

[0040] Step 6, Fermentation and Storage: Wrap the square bales with multiple layers of stretch film (4-6 layers of 20-30μm oxygen barrier stretch film) manually or with a wrapping machine. Store the wrapped products in a room temperature, dark environment. Anaerobic fermentation will start within 12-24 hours. The pH value will drop below 4.2 in 15-20 days. Stable fermentation will be completed in 21-28 days. Shelf life is ≥12 months.

[0041] Example 2: Unlike Example 1, as Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, the support module is also equipped with several turning rake teeth 37 arranged sequentially along the raw material conveying direction. These turning rake teeth 37 are made of stainless steel and are distributed in the conveying sections of the three-section gradient drying module and the atomizing spraying module, arranged according to actual conditions. The top of each turning rake tooth 37 is mounted on a fixed rod 42, and its position is adjusted by sliding on the fixed rod 42. A collar 38 is provided at the top of each turning rake tooth 37, and the collar 38 is slidably mounted on the fixed rod 42. A threaded rod 39 is threadedly connected to the collar 38. The end of the threaded rod 39 away from the fixed rod 42 extends out of the collar 38 and is connected to a turning handle 40. The fixed rod 42 is provided with a limiting groove 41 for inserting the threaded rod 39. The fixed rod 42 is connected to a lifting element 44 (hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, etc.) installed on the top of the support module via a connecting rod 43.

[0042] The lifting element 44 drives the connecting rod 43 and the fixed rod 42 to rise and fall, thereby driving the turning rake teeth 37 to rise and fall, realizing height adjustment. By rotating the screw handle 40, the threaded rod 39 is loosened and moves out of the limiting groove 41. The sliding collar 38 is manually slidable to adjust the turning rake teeth 37.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A processing and sealing storage device for wrapped alfalfa silage, characterized in that, include: The conveying module is used to transport the cut alfalfa segments as raw materials from the feed to the discharge process. The three-stage gradient drying module dries the conveyed raw materials by setting three gradient heating and temperature control zones at intervals. The atomizing spraying module is used to uniformly apply fermentation additives to the dried raw materials. The anaerobic fermentation and compression module is used to provide a closed space for anaerobic preactivation of raw materials after the addition of fermentation additives, and to compress and shape them after anaerobic preactivation. The support module is used to support and fix the conveying module, atomizing spraying module, and anaerobic fermentation and compression module. The three-stage gradient drying module consists of a low-temperature zone, a medium-temperature zone, a slow-temperature zone, and an atomizing spraying module, which are sequentially arranged along the raw material feeding and discharging direction.

2. The processing and sealing storage device for wrapped alfalfa silage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support module is a support frame, with the front and rear ends and left and right sides of the support frame being open, while the top and bottom sides of the support frame are closed.

3. The processing and sealing storage device for wrapped alfalfa silage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying module is a conveyor belt, and the conveyor belt is made of high-temperature resistant polytetrafluoroethylene.

4. The processing and sealing storage device for wrapped alfalfa silage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-stage gradient drying module includes three drying structures respectively set in the low temperature zone, medium temperature zone, and slow temperature zone. The drying structures are symmetrically arranged on both sides to drive the drying structures to rotate and heat and dry evenly. The upper and lower ends of the drying structures are connected to the support module through sliding support structures.

5. The processing and sealing storage device for wrapped alfalfa silage according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drying structure includes an annular frame 1 covered outside the conveying module. The inner side of the annular frame 1 has a plurality of heating plates facing the conveying module in an annular array. Heating elements are provided on the heating plates. The outer side of the annular frame 1 is covered with an annular gear arranged concentrically with the annular frame 1. The drive structure includes a drive gear that meshes with a ring gear. The drive gear is mounted on a drive rod. One end of the drive rod is connected to the output shaft of a drive motor mounted on a support module. The drive gears of the low-temperature zone, medium-temperature zone, and slow-temperature zone drying structures are connected in series and fixed on the same drive rod. The sliding support structure includes a support base located at the top or bottom of the support module. The support base has an arc-shaped surface, and the ring frame is slidably connected to the arc-shaped surface of the support base via pulleys.

6. The processing and sealing storage apparatus for wrapped alfalfa silage according to claim 5, characterized in that, The atomizing spraying module includes spraying structures arranged sequentially along the conveying direction of the dried raw materials. The spraying structure includes an annular frame II covering the outside of the conveying module. The inner side of the annular frame II has a number of spray nozzles facing the conveying module. The spray nozzles are connected to a storage tank for storing fermentation additives through a conveying pipe and a conveying pump. The two sides of the ring frame are fixed to the support module through fixed seats, and the end of the drive rod away from the drive motor is rotatably connected to the fixed seat.

7. The processing and sealing storage apparatus for wrapped alfalfa silage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anaerobic fermentation and compression module includes a fermentation and compression chamber with an open top located at the discharge end of the conveying module. One side of the fermentation and compression chamber is provided with an ejection structure for ejecting the compressed raw material. The side of the fermentation and compression chamber away from the ejection structure is provided with a lifting and opening structure. A pressing structure is provided above the fermentation and compression chamber. The fermentation and compression chamber is connected to the support module through a translation and shaking structure. The bottom end of the fermentation and compression chamber is slidably connected to the support module. The translational shaking structure includes a translational element with reciprocating movement function, and the translational element is connected to the fermentation compression chamber through a fixed plate; The ejection structure includes a telescopic element mounted on a fixed plate, the telescopic element being connected to the ejection plate, and the ejection plate being slidably sealed within the fermentation compression chamber; The lifting and opening structure includes a lifting door, which is slidably and sealed to the fermentation compression chamber. Lifting blocks are symmetrically arranged at the top of the lifting door. The lifting blocks are driven to move up and down through the lifting structure. The lifting structure is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fermentation compression chamber. The pressing structure includes a pressing element located at the top of the support module. The pressing element is connected to a pressing plate, which is slidably and sealed to the fermentation compression chamber. The pressing plate applies pressure to the raw materials in the fermentation compression chamber to extrude and shape them. A one-way valve for the gas discharge from the fermentation compression chamber is provided on the pressing plate.

8. The processing and sealing storage apparatus for wrapped alfalfa silage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support module is also equipped with several material turning rakes arranged sequentially along the material conveying direction. The top of the material turning rakes is set on a fixed rod and the position can be adjusted by sliding on the fixed rod. The fixed rod is connected to the lifting element installed on the top of the support module through a connecting rod.

9. A method for processing and sealing alfalfa silage according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, Raw material feeding: Place the fresh alfalfa segments that have been cleaned and cut as raw materials into the feeding end of the conveying module. The raw materials enter the three-stage gradient drying module along with the conveying module. Step 2, three-stage gradient drying: The raw materials are conveyed through a low-temperature zone, a medium-temperature zone and a slow-temperature zone for drying. The low-temperature zone removes free water from the surface of the raw materials by heating at low temperature. The medium-temperature zone removes moisture from the raw materials by adjusting the temperature. The slow-temperature zone retains the nutrients of the raw materials by cooling them slowly. Step 3, atomization spraying: The dried raw materials are evenly sprayed with fermentation additives through the atomization spraying module; Step 4, Anaerobic pre-activation: The raw materials after being sprayed with fermentation additives are transported to the anaerobic fermentation and compression module, and after being shaken evenly, they are kept in a closed environment to establish the dominant fermentation bacteria in advance. Step 5, Compression molding: The pre-activated raw materials are compressed into square bales through anaerobic fermentation and compression modules; Step 6, Fermentation and Storage: Wrap the square bales of straw in multiple layers of stretch film, and store the wrapped products in a room-temperature, light-protected environment for fermentation.

10. The processing and sealed storage method for wrapped alfalfa silage according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step two, The temperature in the low-temperature zone is 40-45℃, and the residence time is 4-6 minutes. The temperature in the medium-temperature zone is 50-55℃, and the residence time is 7-12 minutes. The temperature in the post-temperature zone is 35-40℃, and the residence time is 2-4 minutes; In step three, a two-component fermentation additive is sprayed per ton of fresh alfalfa. The fermentation additive includes 8-12g / t of compound lactic acid bacteria agent, 15-25g / t of compound enzyme preparation, and 40-60g / t of sodium propionate antifungal agent. The compound lactic acid bacteria agent includes Lactobacillus plantarum: Lactobacillus brylerii = 1-3:

1. The raw materials are kept in a closed environment at 25-30℃ and 65%-75%RH for 30-60 minutes.

Images