Upper with functional elements and guide elements

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a shoe upper (101) for a shoe, in particular a sports shoe, the shoe upper (101) comprising a ball contact area (140), the ball contact area comprising: a. one or more functional elements (160); b. one or more guide elements (151); c. wherein one or more of the one or more guide elements (151) are arranged relative to one or more of the one or more functional elements (160) such that at least one path (155) is formed, the path being configured to at least partially guide a ball upon contact with the ball.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to an upper for footwear, particularly for athletic footwear. Specifically, this disclosure relates to an upper with guiding and functional elements to enhance ball control. This disclosure also relates to a method of manufacturing such an upper using a molding process. Background Technology

[0002] Shoes, or footwear in general, are typically described as a combination of upper and sole construction. The upper usually covers areas of the wearer's foot—such as the instep, toes, medial side, lateral side, and heel—and provides openings to allow the wearer to step inside. The sole attaches to the upper such that during normal use, the top side of the sole faces the foot, and the bottom side contacts the ground.

[0003] The uppers used in footwear typically offer multiple functions. They provide a shell to house the foot, stabilize it during movement, protect it from environmental influences, and, in some athletic shoes, offer surfaces specifically tailored to the athlete's needs. In particular, athletic shoes should be comfortable to wear, provide foot stability, support the athlete in any type of performance, such as acceleration, and reduce the bouncing stress between the foot and the ground during exercise. Footwear should support movement and should prevent injury to the wearer.

[0004] In particular, the uppers of shoes used in sports such as soccer, rugby, American football, and other ball sports are widely used and popular among wearers. These uppers are becoming increasingly important and have specific requirements to improve performance in these sports.

[0005] Shoe uppers are typically designed with various elements to enhance ball control and overall performance. Known systems often involve integrating different materials and textures to improve grip and control. For example, some shoes incorporate rubber areas or textured surfaces to increase friction between the shoe and the ball. Furthermore, various methods have been employed to attach these elements to the shoe, such as stitching, gluing, or molding. Despite these efforts, achieving optimal ball control and precision in a match remains a challenge.

[0006] According to known methods, the placement and design of functional elements on the upper can help improve performance. However, these elements often lack the necessary ability to control the ball's trajectory upon contact. This can lead to inconsistent ball control, affecting a player's ability to shoot, pass, or dribble accurately. Furthermore, integrating these elements into the upper can be complex and expensive, involving multiple steps and materials, which may compromise the shoe's durability and overall performance.

[0007] For example, the following prior art documents may be referenced in the context of this disclosure.

[0008] US 11 457 689 B2 relates to a sports shoe having a pattern that facilitates ball control, wherein the surface of the upper of the sports shoe is divided into a plurality of shooting zones, and at least one of the shooting zones includes a plurality of portions extending outward from the base surface (21) of the upper and having a raised outer surface (22) having increased grip on the ball, the portions being spaced apart from each other and designed to have elongated guide islands (20).

[0009] WO 2010 / 055 276 A1 relates to a ball control component for a sports boot or accessory, the component comprising a three-layer composite material of a synthetic rubber-like material, including a ball contact layer, an intermediate layer and a base layer, wherein the base layer has the highest Shore resilience.

[0010] US 11 950 659 B2 relates to a shoe having a striped pattern that facilitates ball control. The shoe has an upper and a sole, wherein the surface of the upper is divided into a plurality of shooting zones, namely at least a nose zone (14), an inner shooting zone (15), and an outer shooting zone (16), and at least one shooting zone (14, 15, 16) includes a plurality of ball-guiding stripes (20) arranged side by side and spaced apart from each other, which extend outward from the upper surface constituting the base surface (17).

[0011] In addition, as background information, the following existing technologies may be mentioned.

[0012] References DE 10 2020 205 893 A1, DE 10 2023 206 175 A1 and DE 10 2012207 300 A1.

[0013] Despite substantial progress in the athletic footwear industry, there remains a demand for improved shoes that offer better ball control and precision. Current solutions fail to adequately meet the need for a more efficient and effective way to control the ball upon contact. Furthermore, a streamlined manufacturing process is required that integrates different parts of the upper without compromising its structural integrity or increasing production costs.

[0014] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a shoe upper that at least partially overcomes the shortcomings of known systems. Summary of the Invention

[0015] The objectives mentioned above are achieved through embodiments of this application. Preferred embodiments are provided, and other suitable aspects of the invention are described in light of the overall disclosure of this application.

[0016] The headings provided in this disclosure are included for readability and overview purposes only. These headings are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure, nor do they exclude combinations of features from the various embodiments.

[0017] vamp In a first aspect, the objective is achieved by an upper for a shoe, particularly a sports shoe (e.g., a football boot), the upper including a ball contact area comprising: a. one or more functional elements; b. one or more guiding elements; c. wherein one or more of the one or more guiding elements are arranged relative to one or more of the one or more functional elements such that at least one path is formed, the path being configured to guide the ball at least partially upon contact.

[0018] In this way, the upper provides a synergistic enhancement in design and functionality.

[0019] The integration of functional and guiding elements provides tangible performance benefits for improved ball control during the game. Furthermore, it creates a dynamic and unique surface pattern that enhances ball control. Existing technologies to date have focused solely on improving grip, but ball guidance upon contact is a major factor influencing overall ball control. By giving the ball a predetermined trajectory, the benefits of the functional elements are maximized—a feat unprecedented in current methods.

[0020] Specifically, by combining these features, the upper is designed to optimize the interaction between the player's foot and the ball, allowing for more controlled and precise movements. This integration results in a footwear innovation that simultaneously meets the practical needs of high-performance sports and the aesthetic preferences of users, providing a competitive edge on the field.

[0021] The ball contact area can be a region, part, or surface portion that can come into contact with an object (such as a ball). Specifically, the ball contact area can be the area that comes into contact with the ball during a shot. It can be understood that, due to the ball's deformation during a shot, the ball contact area can be larger than the area covered if the ball merely rested on the shoe without being shot.

[0022] The ball contact area includes one or more functional elements and one or more guiding elements.

[0023] The one or more functional elements may be components that can provide specific benefits or enhancements to the performance of the shoe, such as increased grip or control when the ball contacts the shoe.

[0024] The one or more guiding elements can be positioned relative to the one or more functional elements to create at least one path. This path is configured to help guide or influence the movement of the ball upon contact with the shoe.

[0025] The arrangement of these components offers an advantage by potentially enhancing the user's ability to control the ball, thus improving performance in sports activities where ball control is crucial.

[0026] The ball contact area described herein can be used for any type of ball control feature, including but not limited to kicking (i.e., shooting and / or passing), as well as soft ball touches such as dribbling, first touch control, and / or short passes. It is understood that different shots require different preconditions, which can be taken into account through the appropriate construction of the functional elements.

[0027] Furthermore, the upper disclosed herein is specifically designed to accommodate shots, such as kicks executed with greater force compared to other types of kicks (e.g., passes). While individual playing styles may vary, those skilled in the art can easily distinguish shots from other types of kicks, such as passes. Shots occur frequently in a match, with the proximal and apical surfaces of the first metatarsal joint and bony portion primarily responsible for contact with the ball. Specifically, in such actions, the foot may tilt laterally, causing the ball to travel along the surface towards the rear of the body upon impact.

[0028] Furthermore, straight passes, short passes, dribbling, and soft passes are also covered in the upper of this shoe. It is understandable that these types of ball contact involve different trajectories of the ball.

[0029] Understandably, the shoe upper described in this article is beneficial for any type of ball contact, especially for any type of kicking, passing, etc., mentioned above, thus overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies.

[0030] The uppers disclosed herein are specifically designed for use with athletic footwear, such as soccer cleats. However, it should be noted that the uppers can be used with virtually any type of footwear, including but not limited to soccer cleats, hiking boots, athletic shoes, basketball shoes, rugby shoes, baseball shoes, golf shoes, tennis shoes, and cross-training shoes. Furthermore, the uppers can be used with shoes intended for any type of sport. The term "sport" should be understood to encompass at least one or more and / or any combination of the following non-exhaustive lists: aerobic exercise, physical activity, running, hiking, rock climbing, group fitness classes, walking, cycling, yoga, soccer, tennis, American football, basketball, training, volleyball, gymnastics, weightlifting, cross-training, baseball, softball, rugby, hockey, wrestling, squash, track and field events (such as sprinting, long jump, high jump), and cross-country skiing.

[0031] Functional components and paths In a preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, one or more of the one or more functional elements are preferably raised relative to the ball contact area.

[0032] This enhances the upper by providing a noticeable terrain difference between the functional element and the rest of the ball contact area. The raised positioning of the functional element relative to the ball contact area improves the interaction between the shoe and the ball. This elevation creates more significant tactile feedback—when the ball contacts the functional element—potentially enhancing the player's control over the ball. Furthermore, the raised functional element contributes to better grip and friction, which can facilitate more precise ball control and manipulation.

[0033] The raised nature of the functional elements can also more effectively guide the ball along a predetermined path formed by the guide elements, ensuring that the ball follows a more predictable trajectory upon contact. This feature can be advantageous in sports where ball control and precision are crucial.

[0034] By elevating the functional elements, this embodiment also provides players with visual and tactile cues, helping them intuitively understand and utilize the shoe's ball-guiding capabilities. This can enhance the shoe's overall performance in a sporting context.

[0035] The raised functional elements not only facilitate the mechanical interaction between the shoe and the ball, but also enhance the user experience by providing better control, feedback, and precision.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, one of one or more guiding elements is arranged between at least two functional elements.

[0037] This arrangement allows for the positioning of guide elements—in a manner that interacts with multiple functional elements. This configuration potentially enhances the guiding capability of the path—formed by the guide elements—because it allows for a closer coordinated interaction between the guide elements and the functional elements.

[0038] A guide element located between two functional elements can more effectively guide or direct the movement of the ball by utilizing the characteristics or functions of the adjacent functional elements. This arrangement can provide the ball with a more controlled or refined path, potentially improving the shoe's performance characteristics in ball control.

[0039] The placement of guiding elements among functional components can also contribute to a more integrated upper, where the components work together to achieve the desired guiding effect. This embodiment emphasizes the importance of spatial arrangement in upper design, highlighting how the relative positioning of components affects shoe performance. By placing guiding elements among functional components, this design potentially maximizes the utility of the guiding path, providing a refined solution for guiding ball movement in a responsive manner to motion dynamics.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, two guiding elements are included, which are arranged next to one of the one or more functional elements to form the at least one path.

[0041] This arrangement enhances the guiding ability of the ball contact area. The presence of two guiding elements located next to the functional element creates a more defined and controlled path for the ball, potentially improving the accuracy and effectiveness of ball guidance during contact. This configuration—by providing more predictable and reliable ball control—leads to better performance in sports activities. Having two guiding elements next to the functional element brings a structured and / or carefully designed characteristic to the ball contact area. This ensures that the formed path is inherently consistent and / or optimized for guiding the ball. This can be particularly beneficial in athletic footwear—such as football boots—where precise ball control is crucial.

[0042] The dual guiding elements and functional elements work together to produce a synergistic effect. This enhances the overall functionality of the shoe upper.

[0043] This specific arrangement can also contribute to the durability and stability of the ball contact area, as the guide element can provide additional support and / or reinforcement for the functional elements.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, the at least one path has a groove-like shape.

[0045] The grooved shape of the path provides a more defined and structured trajectory for the ball after contact, enhancing the guiding ability of the upper. The grooved shape can help to control the direction and speed of the ball more precisely, providing improved performance in sports where ball control is crucial. This implementation brings an additional level of functionality to the upper by ensuring the ball is guided in a more predictable and controlled manner, which can be particularly beneficial in sports where precise ball control is essential, such as football.

[0046] Grooved shapes can also contribute to the overall aesthetic design of a shoe, providing a visually distinctive element that is both functional and attractive. Furthermore, grooved shapes can offer structural benefits, potentially improving the durability and stability of the upper by providing a reinforced path for ball contact. This embodiment can enhance the overall use case of the shoe by combining functional performance with design elements that meet the needs of athletes.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, the at least one path accommodates one or more of the one or more functional elements.

[0048] This embodiment introduces an improved interaction between the guiding element and the functional element in the ball contact area of ​​the shoe upper. The guiding element responsible for forming the path thus has a spatial relationship with the functional element, such that the path itself can accommodate or contain these functional elements.

[0049] This indicates a more integrated design, where functional elements are not merely adjacent to or aligned with guide elements, but are actually incorporated into the path.

[0050] This containment can mean that functional elements are positioned in a way that becomes part of the path structure or layout. This can affect the characteristics of the path or how it interacts with the ball. The path can be more than just a route or trajectory that guides the ball; it is also a structural feature—containing functional elements within its boundaries. This can enhance the functionality of the upper. This can be explained as follows: functional elements, which serve purposes such as enhancing grip, control, or shock absorption, are optimized for interaction with the ball during contact.

[0051] By being contained within the path, functional elements can directly influence the movement of the ball along the path, potentially providing more controlled or predictable interactions.

[0052] This arrangement also offers the benefit of protecting and / or supporting functional elements with guiding elements, thereby enhancing durability or performance. Incorporating functional elements within the path can lead to improved performance characteristics of the upper. This is particularly advantageous in sports applications where precise control and interaction with the ball are crucial.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, the at least one path is configured to guide the ball at least partially along the direction of one or more of the arranged functional elements.

[0054] Alignment of the path with functional elements enhances the functionality of the upper by ensuring the ball is guided to areas that influence its behavior. This alignment improves ball control and precision, which is particularly beneficial in sports applications where ball direction and control are critical. This arrangement not only defines the existence of the path but also specifies its directional relationship with the functional elements.

[0055] This enhances the practicality of the upper by ensuring that the paths are not arbitrary, but purposefully designed to interact with functional elements to optimize the shoe's performance.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, one or more of the one or more functional elements are preferably provided as separate elements to the shoe upper, preferably by a vulcanization process.

[0057] Introducing functional elements as separate components, rather than integrating or forming them into the upper, allows for more precise placement and variable material properties that can be tailored to specific performance needs.

[0058] Vulcanization, a process that may involve heating rubber with, for example, sulfur to improve elasticity and strength, ensures that these individual functional components are firmly and durablely attached to the shoe upper. The vulcanization process is described in more detail elsewhere in this article.

[0059] This embodiment, particularly this attachment method, not only enhances the durability of the functional elements but also allows for a stronger and more resilient connection with the upper. Therefore, it improves the overall performance and / or lifespan of the shoe. Offered as a separate element, it provides a greater degree of customization and potentially improved performance characteristics (due to the improved attachment method). This approach can result in better ball control and guidance because the functional elements can be strategically positioned and securely attached to withstand the harsh conditions of athletic activities.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, one or more of the one or more guide elements are preferably integrally formed with the shoe upper.

[0061] This one-piece construction offers the advantage of a seamless build, where the guiding elements are not separate components attached to the upper, but are manufactured as a unit with the upper itself.

[0062] This one-piece formation can be achieved through various manufacturing techniques, such as molding, 3D printing, or other advanced manufacturing methods that allow for the creation of complex structures in a single process. The guiding element may not be a separate component that needs to be attached to or aligned with the upper, but rather can be part of the same material matrix.

[0063] This integrated structure offers several advantages. First, it enhances the shoe's durability and lifespan by eliminating potential points of failure—where individual components might detach or wear down. Second, it improves aesthetic appeal and simplifies design due to the absence of visible seams or attachment points. Third, the one-piece construction reduces manufacturing complexity and cost by streamlining the assembly process and decreasing the number of parts that need to be handled. Furthermore, this embodiment contributes to the shoe's overall performance by ensuring that guiding elements maintain their intended position and orientation relative to functional elements, thereby optimizing the formed path to guide the ball upon contact. This precise alignment is beneficial for sports applications requiring consistent performance.

[0064] In addition, one-piece molding can provide enhanced flexibility and comfort because it eliminates the need for attachments (such as rigid attachments that may hinder the natural movement of the foot).

[0065] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, one or more of the one or more functional elements, preferably each functional element, and one or more of the one or more guiding elements, preferably each guiding element, are integrally formed.

[0066] This integrated manufacturing process means that functional and guiding elements are manufactured as a single, unified part, rather than as separate components that are subsequently assembled. The respective advantages are described elsewhere in this document, particularly in the foregoing embodiments, and also apply to this embodiment.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, the one or more functional elements and the one or more guiding elements are formed in a mold, preferably in a single step.

[0068] This manufacturing method requires an integrated production process in which functional and guiding elements are created essentially simultaneously, which enhances the structural integrity and uniformity of the upper. By forming these elements in the same mold, the process can ensure their precise alignment and positioning relative to each other, which is crucial for their intended function—guiding the ball upon contact.

[0069] The spatial relationships and interactions between functional and guiding elements can be largely predetermined and fixed during the molding process. This reduces variability and inconsistencies—potentially arising from individual manufacturing steps. Forming these elements, preferably in a single step within a mold, offers several advantages. It can simplify the manufacturing process, reducing the time and cost associated with assembling multiple parts. This approach also enhances the durability and performance of the upper by minimizing seams or joints that could weaken the structure or affect the functionality of the ball-contact area. Furthermore, this integrated molding process allows for more complex designs or configurations of functional and guiding elements, as it eliminates the limitations of individual assembly.

[0070] Single-step molding can also help with better material utilization and reduced waste because the components are formed together, rather than being cut or molded separately and then joined together.

[0071] In summary, this embodiment can lead to improved product quality and efficiency. The integrated molding method enhances the practical realization of these features by ensuring that components are formed and positioned precisely and consistently.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment of the upper described herein, the one or more functional elements are configured to assist ball control, particularly to assist shooting and / or passing upon contact with the ball.

[0073] As described elsewhere in this article, the guiding element can be positioned—in a manner that works in conjunction with the functional elements—to guide the ball along a predetermined path upon contact with the shoe upper. This arrangement ensures that the ball follows a controlled trajectory, enhancing the player's ability to manage ball movement.

[0074] Functional elements are configured to assist in ball control, especially in shooting and passing scenarios. This means that functional elements are not just passive components, but can be actively designed to improve player performance by providing better control of the ball during key actions such as shooting and passing.

[0075] The size and shape of these functional components can be optimized to enhance their effectiveness in ball control. This can involve specific textures, materials, or structural designs—increasing friction or providing better grip on the ball—to improve the accuracy and precision of ball control.

[0076] By focusing on ball control, the upper enhances a player's ability to execute precise movements, making it a valuable enhancement for a sporting shoe that is crucial for ball control. This configuration not only improves a player's technical skills but also contributes to overall performance by enabling more accurate and controlled ball movement.

[0077] Size and shape In a preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, one or more of the one or more guide elements have a rib shape, preferably longitudinal ribs.

[0078] The shape of the ribs, especially when they are longitudinal, provides a structured and / or directional surface that can more predictably influence the ball's trajectory. Rib configurations enhance guidance by providing a physical profile that can guide the ball along a predetermined path. This is particularly useful in athletic shoes where ball movement needs to be controlled.

[0079] The longitudinal orientation of the ribs can be aligned with the expected direction of movement of the ball, providing a more seamless and controlled interaction. This embodiment enhances the guiding element by not only acting as a passive surface but also actively guiding the path of the ball through its shape and orientation.

[0080] Introducing ribs, especially longitudinal ribs, can also contribute to the tactile and aesthetic aspects of the shoe, potentially providing players with better grip and feel. The rib structure also enhances the durability of guiding elements—by distributing impact more evenly across the surface—reducing wear and tear. This design can be particularly advantageous in high-performance athletic shoes where precision and durability are paramount.

[0081] Furthermore, rib guiding elements can be integrated with functional elements to create a cohesive system that enhances the overall performance of the shoe. However, the separate arrangement of one or more ribs and functional elements is also envisioned and particularly advantageous, as it offers improved flexibility. Moreover, this allows the distribution pattern of one or more ribs and one or more functional elements to be customized according to specific needs (e.g., in the type of sport in which the upper will be used).

[0082] By focusing on the shape and orientation of the guiding elements, this embodiment allows for more precise and effective interaction with the ball, potentially improving the user's control and accuracy during the game.

[0083] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, one or more of the one or more guide elements have a length substantially perpendicular to the height, wherein the length is at least 20%, preferably at least 40%, preferably at least 60%, preferably at least 80%, preferably at least 100%, preferably at least 150%, preferably at least 200% or more of the length of the adjacent functional element.

[0084] This proportional relationship ensures that the guiding element has sufficient length to interact effectively with the functional element, thereby enhancing the ball-guiding capability of the upper. This has the advantage of establishing a precise dimensional relationship between the guiding and functional elements, which optimizes the formation of the path used to guide the ball.

[0085] By specifying these lengths in this document, it is ensured that the guiding elements are neither too short to be ineffective nor too long to interfere with other functions of the shoe. This length ratio enhances the overall performance of the shoe by improving ball control and guidance, which is particularly beneficial in sports applications requiring precise ball control. The progressive preference for length percentages (from at least 20% to 200% or more) provides design flexibility. Furthermore, it allows for customization to meet specific performance requirements. This specific specification of the guiding element length relative to functional elements ensures that the upper can be customized to meet various sporting needs, thus significantly improving the functionality of the athletic shoe.

[0086] Those skilled in the art will understand that the length (and / or the width, as mentioned elsewhere herein) can be parallel to the upper, for example, in line with respect to the upper. In this way, the length (and / or the width, as mentioned elsewhere herein) can be distinguished from, for example, the height, which is a direction orthogonal to the upper.

[0087] In a preferred embodiment of the upper described herein, one or more of the one or more functional elements preferably each has the following height: at least 0.1 mm, preferably at least 0.2 mm, preferably at least 0.3 mm, preferably at least 0.4 mm; and / or, at most 4.0 mm, preferably at most 3.5 mm, preferably at most 3.0 mm, preferably at most 2.5 mm.

[0088] This embodiment introduces specific dimensions for the functional elements, which improve the performance of the upper. One or more functional elements have a minimum height of at least 0.1 mm, preferably at least 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, and 0.4 mm. Furthermore, this embodiment sets a maximum height of 4.0 mm for these functional elements, preferably 3.5 mm, 3.0 mm, and 2.5 mm. These size constraints on the functional elements are helpful because they affect the interaction between the upper and the ball.

[0089] The specified height range ensures that the functional elements are prominent enough to interact effectively with the ball, thereby enhancing the shoe's ball control and guidance capabilities.

[0090] By defining the height of the functional elements, this embodiment ensures that these elements are sufficiently raised to engage with the ball while maintaining balance to prevent them from protruding excessively, which could otherwise hinder performance or comfort. This—by optimizing the interaction between the shoe and the ball—contributes to the overall functionality of the upper, enhancing the player's control of the ball during the game. These height specifications also ensure consistency in the manufacturing process, providing a reproducible standard to achieve the desired performance characteristics in every shoe produced. Careful calibration of the functional element heights is a key aspect of enhancing the upper's directional capabilities, making it a significant improvement in athletic shoe design and functionality.

[0091] Specifically, the height of one or more functional elements should not be too large, as this could require more material and result in a bulky upper construction. A smaller height for one or more functional elements contributes to a simpler upper construction. This has the advantage that one or more functional elements may not function as large, external parts or objects on the upper. Instead, one or more functional elements can be smoothly integrated into the upper, which is appreciated by the wearer. Furthermore, this reduces material usage, offering economic and ecological advantages. Therefore, an upper limit should be provided on the height of one or more functional elements.

[0092] However, the height of one or more functional elements should have a minimum value so that the advantages of one or more functional elements become apparent.

[0093] Therefore, not wanting to be bound by theory, it is believed that the optimal balance between these conflicting requirements can be achieved based on the values ​​specified in this paper.

[0094] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, the height of one or more of the one or more guide elements is preferably greater than or equal to the height of the one or more functional elements.

[0095] This embodiment enhances the structural and functional dynamics of the upper. The guiding element, by having a height that satisfies or exceeds that of the functional element, helps to create a more defined path for guiding the ball upon contact. This configuration can potentially improve the control and directionality transferred to the ball, as the elevated guiding element can act as a barrier or groove that influences the ball's trajectory.

[0096] Due to their relative height, the guiding elements can interact with the ball more prominently, thus influencing the ball's movement in a more controlled manner. This arrangement also—by providing additional structural support for the functional elements—contributes to the overall durability and performance of the upper.

[0097] The guide element has a height that meets or exceeds that of the functional element, which may also enhance the tactile feedback experienced by the wearer, as the interaction with the ball may be more noticeable.

[0098] Furthermore, this embodiment can potentially influence the aesthetic design of the shoe, as the relative height of the guiding and functional elements can create unique visual patterns or textures on the surface of the shoe.

[0099] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, one or more of the one or more guide elements preferably each guide element has the following height: at least 0.1 mm, preferably at least 0.2 mm, preferably at least 0.3 mm, preferably at least 0.4 mm; and / or, at most 5.0 mm, preferably at most 4.5 mm, preferably at most 4.0 mm, preferably at most 3.5 mm.

[0100] This embodiment introduces specific dimensions for the guide elements, which improve the performance of the upper. It specifies that each guide element has a height of at least 0.1 mm, with preferred minimum heights of 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, and 0.4 mm. Furthermore, the guide elements have a maximum height of 5.0 mm, with preferred maximum heights of 4.5 mm, 4.0 mm, and 3.5 mm.

[0101] These dimensional specifications provide a range for the height of the guiding elements, ensuring that they are neither too small to be ineffective nor too large to interfere with the functionality of the shoe.

[0102] Specific height ranges optimize the interaction between the ball contact area and the ball, thus contributing to the overall performance of the shoe. This ensures that the guiding elements can effectively guide the ball along the intended path while maintaining the shoe's structural integrity and comfort. Introducing these height specifications enhances the predictability and reliability of the ball guidance mechanism, providing more consistent performance throughout use.

[0103] These height variations allow the design to accommodate various ball sizes and types, making the shoe versatile for different sports and competition conditions. The precise height range also facilitates manufacturing consistency, allowing for better quality control and uniformity in production. This ensures that every shoe produced meets the desired performance standards, providing athletes with a reliable and high-performance product.

[0104] The limited height range of the guiding elements also contributes to the aesthetic design of the shoe, allowing for a stylish and functional look that appeals to consumers.

[0105] Arrangement In a preferred embodiment of the upper described herein, one or more functional elements and / or one or more guiding elements are at least partially arranged in: the mesial toe portion, mesial metatarsal portion, mesial distal tarsal portion, lateral toe portion, lateral metatarsal portion, lateral distal tarsal portion, middle toe portion, middle metatarsal portion, and / or middle distal tarsal portion of the upper.

[0106] This arrangement allows for a more tailored and precise placement of the one or more guiding elements and / or the one or more functional elements, enhancing the shoe's ability to control and guide the ball during contact.

[0107] These specific areas provide a detailed framework for optimizing the interaction between the shoe and the ball, potentially improving the shoe's performance in sports applications. This allows for more customized and effective upper design, ensuring that guiding and functional elements are strategically placed to maximize their utility and effectiveness in guiding the ball. This detailed arrangement allows for a more refined and targeted approach to upper design, potentially resulting in better ball control and overall performance in sports activities.

[0108] The specific placement of components across various parts of the shoe upper ensures that the shoe caters to different aspects of ball contact and movement, providing a comprehensive solution for enhanced ball guidance and control. Specifically, this distribution results in a more balanced and effective interaction with the ball, thereby improving the athlete's overall performance.

[0109] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, the one or more functional elements comprise two adjacent functional elements spaced at least 1 mm apart, preferably at least 2 mm, preferably at least 3 mm, preferably at least 4 mm, preferably at least 5 mm, preferably at least 6 mm, preferably at least 7 mm, preferably at least 8 mm, preferably at least 9 mm, preferably at least 10 mm, and / or at most 20 mm, preferably at most 19 mm, preferably at most 18 mm, preferably at most 17 mm, preferably at most 16 mm, preferably at most 15 mm, preferably at most 14 mm, preferably at most 13 mm, preferably at most 12 mm, preferably at most 11 mm, preferably at most 10 mm.

[0110] This embodiment introduces a precise and adjustable configuration for the functional elements, which can influence the interaction between the shoe and the ball. Specific intervals between the functional elements can affect how the ball is controlled, potentially enhancing the player's ability to manipulate the ball's trajectory and speed.

[0111] By defining an interval range, this embodiment allows for the customization and optimization of shoe performance characteristics to suit different playing styles or preferences.

[0112] Furthermore, it allows for customized designs that can be tailored to achieve desired results in ball control and guidance. This embodiment is particularly advantageous in sports where accuracy and ball control are crucial. By specifying minimum and maximum distances, this embodiment offers design flexibility while maintaining a structured framework that ensures functional elements remain effective in their roles.

[0113] Overall, it allows for fine-tuning of the interaction between the shoe and the ball, potentially leading to improved performance and user satisfaction.

[0114] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, the functional elements are arranged in a predefined pattern.

[0115] This predefined pattern offers the advantage of introducing predictability and consistency to the performance of the upper. By arranging functional elements in a specific, predetermined manner, the design can optimize the interaction between the ball and the upper, thereby improving control and effectiveness in guiding the ball.

[0116] This structured arrangement can also contribute to the shoe's aesthetic appeal, providing a visually recognizable pattern that can be associated with performance benefits.

[0117] Furthermore, predefined patterns can be customized according to different types of sports or playing styles, providing customization options to meet the specific needs of athletes. This embodiment enhances the overall functionality of the upper by ensuring that functional elements are not randomly placed, but systematically organized to achieve the desired guiding effect on the ball.

[0118] In the preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, the functional elements are arranged in one row, two rows, and preferably three rows.

[0119] This arrangement introduces a structured and organized configuration of functional elements, which enhances the performance characteristics of the upper. By arranging the functional elements in rows, this embodiment ensures a more systematic and potentially more effective interaction between the ball and the shoe. These rows can provide the ball with a more predictable and controllable path, improving the accuracy and consistency of ball control. Furthermore, the specific arrangement in rows provides a visually pleasing and professional appearance. Communication between components, namely between functional and guiding elements, is facilitated through their spatial arrangement.

[0120] Guide elements can be strategically positioned relative to functional elements to create a defined path for the ball. This spatial relationship ensures that the guide elements effectively guide the ball along the intended path, utilizing the position of the functional elements to optimize ball control.

[0121] In the preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, one or more rows include at least two, preferably at least three, preferably at least four, preferably at least five, and preferably at least six functional elements.

[0122] This configuration enhances the complexity and functionality of the ball contact area by increasing the number of functional elements in each row. In this context, communication between components refers to the spatial and functional relationships between the guiding elements and the functional elements. Having this number of functional elements in a row ensures more complex interactions between these elements, potentially leading to more precise control over the ball's movement upon contact.

[0123] Guiding elements, through their arrangement relative to functional elements, form paths that can influence the ball's trajectory. Increasing the number of functional elements per row allows for a denser configuration, which enhances the upper's ability to interact with the ball in a controlled manner.

[0124] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, one or more rows have a curved shape.

[0125] The curved shape of these rows—by potentially improving ball guidance along the intended path—enhances the functionality of the upper. The curve can provide the ball with more controlled and / or precise direction, which can be beneficial in sports requiring ball control. This design can help achieve a more predictable and consistent interaction between the ball and the shoe, thus improving athlete performance. Furthermore, the curve offers ergonomic benefits, such as a better fit and comfort for the wearer, as it conforms more naturally to the shape of the foot.

[0126] This embodiment can also enhance the durability of the shoe upper by distributing stress more evenly across the surface, potentially reducing wear and tear over time.

[0127] Microstructure surface In a preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, one or more of the one or more functional elements include a microstructured surface, which is preferably disposed on the top surface of the functional element.

[0128] Introducing microstructured surfaces onto functional elements—by providing textured and / or patterned surfaces that can influence the movement and control of the ball—enhances the interaction between the ball and the shoe upper.

[0129] When the ball contacts the shoe, the microstructured surface can improve grip, friction, and overall control, thereby enhancing player performance. This embodiment brings additional benefits to the functional elements by guiding the ball not only through the path formed by the guiding elements but also by the active engagement of the microstructured surface with the ball.

[0130] This dual interaction can lead to more precise ball control and improved ball orientation accuracy. Microstructured surfaces can be achieved with various patterns and / or textures. Each can contribute to different aspects of ball control, such as spin, speed, and / or trajectory.

[0131] By incorporating this microstructured surface, functional elements become more versatile and efficient in their role within the ball's contact area. This provides a more comprehensive solution for guiding and controlling the ball during a match. This underscores the importance of surface design in sports equipment, where even minor modifications can lead to significant improvements in performance and user experience.

[0132] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, the microstructured surface includes a plurality of protrusions.

[0133] The protrusions on the microstructured surface provide additional texture and surface variation, which can affect the frictional properties of the ball contact area. This interaction can enhance grip and control of the ball, providing a more precise and controlled path for the ball to follow upon contact. The presence of the protrusions can also contribute to the tactile feedback experienced by the user. This facilitates a more intuitive and responsive interaction with the ball.

[0134] Having multiple protrusions on a microstructured surface offers several advantages. It enhances the overall functionality of the upper by improving ball control, which is beneficial for athletic shoes where precision and control are crucial. Protrusions can be offered in a variety of shapes, sizes, and patterns. They can be provided to optimize interaction with the ball, potentially allowing for customization based on specific sports or user preferences. This adds versatility to the upper, as it can adapt to different playing conditions or surfaces.

[0135] Protrusions can be integrated into the microstructure surface. They can be evenly distributed across the microstructure surface. This allows for a consistent and stable configuration, enhancing the overall functionality of the shoe's upper.

[0136] In a preferred embodiment of the upper described herein, the ball contact area is configured to assist shooting and / or passing in such a way that each of the plurality of protrusions is elastically flexible.

[0137] For example, they can be elastically flexible, such that each of the multiple protrusions is configured to be substantially bent upon contact with the ball.

[0138] This flexibility ensures that these protrusions deform upon contact with the ball, providing a more controlled and precise ball control experience.

[0139] The configuration of each protrusion, which essentially bends upon contact with the ball, introduces a new level of adaptability and responsiveness to the upper. This bending allows the protrusions to absorb and redistribute the force exerted by the ball, thereby enhancing the athlete's control over the ball during shooting and passing actions.

[0140] The specific shape and elastic properties of the protrusions work together to create a surface that not only effectively grips the ball but also adapts to changing forces encountered during movement.

[0141] In various examples, each protrusion can be configured to bend substantially around the root point of each protrusion on the surface of the microstructure.

[0142] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, each of the plurality of protrusions has a columnar shape.

[0143] The columnar shape of each protrusion is particularly advantageous because it provides a uniform response to the applied force during ball contact. This results in a more predictable and accurate ball trajectory. The columnar shape of each protrusion ensures a uniform response to external forces, such as impacts from the ball. This shape is beneficial for elastic bending mechanisms because it provides a consistent deformation pattern. It should be noted that in some examples, the columnar shape differs from, for example, the elongated shape commonly used in the prior art. These elongated shapes have a slender axis along the surface of the shoe upper. Conversely, the columnar shape may not necessarily have such a slender axis along the surface of the shoe upper.

[0144] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, the microstructured surface comprises a thermosetting elastomer, preferably polyurethane (PU), rubber and / or silicone, and / or the microstructured surface comprises a thermoplastic elastomer, preferably thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polyamide (PA), thermoplastic polyether block amide (PEBA) and / or thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE).

[0145] Materials including—such as polyurethane, rubber, silicone, thermoplastic polyurethane, polyamide, thermoplastic polyether block amide, and thermoplastic polyester elastomers—introduce specific communication mechanisms between the components and the ball contact area on the microstructured surface. These materials are known for their unique properties, such as flexibility, durability, and elasticity, which enhance the performance characteristics of the shoe upper.

[0146] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, each of the plurality of protrusions comprises the following Shore A hardness: 30 to 110 Shore A, preferably 50 to 100 Shore A, more preferably 70 to 90 Shore A.

[0147] The Shore A hardness specified in this embodiment provides an advantage in terms of the bending of the protrusion and the corresponding restoring force after bending. Furthermore, this can also provide additional benefits in terms of assisting ball control.

[0148] Furthermore, the Shore A stiffness ensures a smoother transition for shooting (for example, compared to the considerably stiffer geometry known in the prior art). This has been found to be particularly advantageous for both shooting and passing.

[0149] This embodiment refines the hardness by stating that each protrusion preferably comprises a Shore A hardness between 50 and 100. This narrower range further fine-tunes the material properties, enhancing the shoe's ability to assist in shooting and passing by providing a more consistent and reliable interaction between the ball and the microstructured surface.

[0150] More preferably, each protrusion comprises a Shore A hardness of 70 to 90 Shore A. This ensures an optimal balance between hardness and elasticity in the protrusions, thereby providing improved performance for their intended use in sports activities.

[0151] Material, gripping force and shape In a preferred embodiment of the upper described herein, one or more of the one or more functional elements, preferably each functional element, comprises a material configured to enhance the grip between the ball and the functional element upon contact.

[0152] This enhanced grip is helpful because it directly impacts the shoe's performance in activities involving ball control, such as in various sports. The materials used in the functional elements are specially selected and / or treated to increase friction or adhesion upon contact with the ball.

[0153] This provides an advantage in sports where ball control is crucial, as it allows for better ball control, dribbling, and shooting by providing a more solid and / or reliable interaction between the shoe and the ball.

[0154] Enhanced adhesion can be achieved in various ways, such as by using materials with a higher coefficient of friction, combining textures and / or patterns that increase surface roughness, or by applying coatings that improve adhesion.

[0155] This improvement in grip not only enhances player performance but also contributes to the overall functionality and ergonomics of the shoe. By ensuring that every functional element is configured to enhance grip, the design guarantees consistency and reliability in the ball contact area. This provides—and can be relied upon—uniform performance characteristics throughout the game.

[0156] This embodiment is particularly beneficial in high-intensity activities—where rapid and precise movements are required, and any slippage or loss of control can have consequences. Therefore, including materials configured to enhance grip in functional elements represents an advancement in the functionality of athletic shoes.

[0157] In a preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, one or more of the one or more functional elements preferably comprise a thermosetting elastomer, preferably rubber, particularly ultralight rubber, such as polyurethane rubber, preferably polyurethane foam rubber, natural rubber, silicone rubber, preferably silicone foam rubber.

[0158] The use of thermosetting elastomers, such as rubber, and more specifically ultralight rubber (like polyurethane rubber, polyurethane foam rubber, natural rubber, or silicone rubber, especially silicone foam rubber), can enhance the durability, flexibility, and / or weight characteristics of functional components. These materials have improved elasticity, resilience, and / or the ability to return to their original shape after deformation. This is helpful in maintaining the integrity and functionality of the upper during use.

[0159] In the preferred embodiment of the shoe upper described herein, one or more of the one or more functional elements generally have the following shapes: diamond, parallelogram, kite, rectangle, square, trapezoid, deltoid, or lozenge.

[0160] This geometry enhances the precision and predictability of the interaction between the ball and the shoe upper. These shapes can influence how the ball is guided along the path formed by the guiding elements.

[0161] For example, a diamond or lozenge shape can provide multiple contact angles, potentially altering the ball's trajectory in a controlled manner.

[0162] Shapes like rectangles and squares provide a more uniform contact surface, resulting in more predictable and consistent ball guidance.

[0163] Shapes such as parallelograms and trapezoids can introduce varying angles, which can be strategically used to influence the ball's rotation or speed upon contact.

[0164] Kite and deltoid shapes, with their unique symmetry and angles, offer a clear advantage in ball control and maneuverability.

[0165] These geometric configurations can also affect the durability and performance of functional components, as different shapes can distribute stress and wear differently across the entire shoe surface.

[0166] shoe On the other hand, these objectives are achieved by a shoe, particularly an athletic shoe, comprising: an upper according to any of the aspects / embodiments described herein; and a sole attached to the upper.

[0167] It goes without saying that the technical features shown or described on the upper, as well as the advantages and improvements over existing technologies, also apply to shoes, especially athletic shoes.

[0168] The upper can be attached to the sole by any suitable attachment means. As those skilled in the art will understand, attaching an upper to a sole can include a variety of methods and techniques, depending on the type of shoe, the materials used, and / or the desired level of durability and strength of the upper. For example, attachment can include adhesive bonding, a common method in which a strong adhesive is applied, for example, to one or both of the upper and the sole. They can then be pressed together, allowing the bond to form.

[0169] method In a further aspect, the objective is achieved by a method for manufacturing an upper for footwear, particularly for athletic footwear (e.g., soccer shoes), the method comprising: a. providing a mold; b. placing an initial upper into the mold; c. heating the mold to subject the initial upper to heat treatment; d. at least partially pressing the initial upper to provide one or more guiding elements; e. initiating a vulcanization process in the mold to provide one or more functional elements to form the upper.

[0170] The method involves providing a mold that serves as a frame for shaping the shoe upper. An initial shoe upper (which may be a preliminary form of the upper portion of a shoe) is then placed into the mold. The mold is subsequently heated, subjecting the initial shoe upper to heat treatment. This heating process can be helpful as it prepares the material, for example, for further processing.

[0171] During or after heating, the initial upper is at least partially pressed within a mold. In subsequent operations, the heated initial upper is at least partially pressed within the mold. These steps may be performed simultaneously or at least partially overlap. This pressing action creates one or more guiding elements on the upper. The guiding elements are described in more detail elsewhere in this document.

[0172] Furthermore, this method involves initiating a vulcanization process within a mold. Vulcanization is described in more detail elsewhere in this paper.

[0173] For example, it can be a chemical process that enhances the durability and elasticity of materials. During this process, one or more functional elements are formed on the shoe upper. These functional elements contribute to the shoe's performance characteristics, such as flexibility, strength, and comfort.

[0174] The advantages of this method include a precise and controlled manufacturing process that ensures the shoe's upper is both functional and durable. Specifically, the method has the advantage that the upper can be manufactured essentially within a single mold, without requiring a more complex arrangement. This is due to the combination of pressing and initiation vulcanization.

[0175] Furthermore, heat treatment and vulcanization enhance material properties, making the shoes suitable for the demanding requirements of sporting activities. Additionally, the creation of guiding and functional components during manufacturing ensures that the final product meets specific design and performance standards.

[0176] In a preferred embodiment of the method described herein, steps c and d, c and e, d and e, or c, d and e are performed substantially simultaneously.

[0177] In a preferred embodiment of the method described herein, the upper is the upper described elsewhere herein, particularly the upper with respect to the first aspect.

[0178] In a further aspect, the stated objective is achieved by an upper for shoes, particularly for athletic shoes (e.g., football boots), which is manufactured according to the method described herein. Attached Figure Description

[0179] The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0180] Figure 1 Exemplary shoes, particularly athletic shoes, are shown, having an upper according to embodiments of this disclosure.

[0181] Figure 2 It shows from different perspectives Figure 1 Examples of implementations.

[0182] Figure 3 : Showed Figure 1 A close-up shot of an embodiment.

[0183] Figure 4 The diagram shows an exemplary shoe upper according to embodiments of the present disclosure—particularly the functional and guiding elements of the exemplary shoe upper and their height profiles.

[0184] Figure 5 The image shows an exemplary shoe upper according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is used for shoes, particularly athletic shoes, in an unfinished manufacturing state.

[0185] Figure 6 : Showed Figure 5 The Chinese embodiment is in another different manufacturing state.

[0186] Figure 7 The diagram shows a flowchart of an exemplary method for manufacturing an upper for shoes, particularly for athletic shoes (e.g., soccer shoes), according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0187] The following describes only some possible embodiments of the invention in detail. However, the invention is not limited to these, and many other embodiments are applicable without departing from the scope of the invention. The presented embodiments can be modified in various ways and can be combined with each other as long as they are compatible, and certain features can be omitted as long as they appear unnecessary. In particular, the disclosed embodiments can be modified by combining certain features of one embodiment with one or more features of another embodiment.

[0188] It should be understood that not all features of the described aspects / embodiments are required to achieve the technical advantages provided by this disclosure. The disclosed aspects / embodiments can be modified by combining certain features of one aspect / embodiment with one or more features of another aspect / embodiment. Specifically, those skilled in the art will understand that features and / or functional elements of one aspect / embodiment can be combined with technically compatible features and / or functional elements of any other aspect / embodiment of this disclosure, provided that the resulting combination falls within the definition of this disclosure.

[0189] Although the following embodiments are described primarily with reference to uppers for footwear, particularly athletic footwear, those skilled in the art will recognize that the disclosure of the present invention can be equivalently applied to a number of different technical fields and / or use cases.

[0190] Throughout the accompanying drawings and description, the same reference numerals denote the same elements. For clarity and brevity, certain features, parts, elements, aspects, components, and / or steps of certain embodiments are presented without excessive detail, wherein such detail will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon considering the teachings herein, and / or wherein such detail will obscure the understanding of more relevant aspects of the embodiments.

[0191] As will be understood by those skilled in the art, and / or to avoid redundancy, reference has also been made to the explanations in the preceding sections, which also apply to the detailed description below. Furthermore, for the sake of brevity and clarity, not all features, parts, elements, aspects, components, and / or steps are explicitly indicated by reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. This applies particularly to situations where those skilled in the art recognize that such features, parts, elements, aspects, components, and / or steps exist in multiple forms.

[0192] definition As used herein, "toe portion" may include the portion near the big toe and / or the portion near the big toe joint.

[0193] Unless otherwise stated, the terms “substantially” or “basically” as used in this context may be understood as to a great extent or significant degree, or most, or essentially. In particular, manufacturing tolerances are included in this term.

[0194] The term "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects only, and indicates that there are three possible relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A alone, A and B together, and B alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this disclosure generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects form an "or" relationship.

[0195] Terms indicating orientation or positional relationship, such as “bottom,” “top,” “one end,” “the other end,” “outer side,” “above,” “higher than,” “inner side,” “below,” “lower than,” “horizontal,” “coaxial,” “center,” “end,” “part,” “length,” “outer end,” etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0196] In this invention, the terms “above,” “higher than,” “below,” “lower than,” etc., used to indicate spatial relative positions are for ease of interpretation and to describe the relationship of the garments, elements, parts, objects, and / or features shown in the accompanying drawings relative to another garment, element, part, object, and / or feature.

[0197] Description of the attached figures Figures 1 to 3 An exemplary upper 101 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, which is used for a shoe 100, particularly an athletic shoe.

[0198] The upper 101 includes a ball contact area 140, which includes one or more functional elements 160 and one or more guiding elements 151, wherein one or more of the one or more guiding elements 151 are arranged relative to one or more of the one or more functional elements 160 such that at least one path 155 is formed. The path 155 can be configured to guide the ball at least partially upon contact with it. It should be noted that the reference numerals 160, 160', 160'', 160''', and 160''' shown in the figures may refer to different functional elements. Nevertheless, they may have the same characteristics.

[0199] Functional element 160—relative to ball contact area 140—may be raised (e.g., Figure 3 (As best shown), enhance their interaction with the ball. Guide elements 151 can be positioned between and beside functional elements 160. This helps create path 155.

[0200] These paths 155 may have a groove-like shape, designed to accommodate the functional element 160 and guide the ball in a specific direction.

[0201] The guide element 151 and the functional element 160 can be integrally formed with the upper 101. This can be performed in a single mold and step, ensuring a seamless construction.

[0202] One or more functional elements 160 can be configured to assist in ball control, particularly in assisting in shooting and / or passing when in contact with the ball.

[0203] One or more guide elements 151 may be shaped like ribs, particularly longitudinal ribs.

[0204] As used herein, the term rib 151 can be used to describe any part of an object or structure that protrudes, extends, or protrudes beyond the surrounding surface or boundary. In one example, rib 151 may be a three-dimensional extension or bulge extending outward from a surface or object. Ribs 151 may be provided in a variety of sizes. The size, shape, etc., of rib 151 may vary depending on the intended purpose. Essentially all technically meaningful dimensions and shapes are covered in this disclosure.

[0205] Rib 151 can provide structural benefits and / or provide more specific functions, especially in the case of cushioning. In addition, rib 151 can contribute to the visual appearance, which can give the wearer an indication of where a specific function is provided.

[0206] In some cases, one or more ribs 151 may take the shape of at least one of the following: ridge, sheet, or fin.

[0207] The length of one or more guide elements 151 may be at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, preferably at least 40%, preferably at least 60%, preferably at least 80%, preferably at least 100%, preferably at least 150%, preferably at least 200%, or longer than the length of the adjacent functional element 160. This allows for the corresponding guidance of the ball.

[0208] The height of one or more functional elements 160 can range from at least 0.1 mm to at most 4.0 mm, while the height of the guide element 151 is greater than or equal to the height of the functional elements 160, ranging from at least 0.1 mm to at most 5.0 mm.

[0209] Functional elements 160 and guiding elements 151 are arranged in various parts of the upper 101, including the mesial toe portion 105, mesial metatarsal portion 110, mesial distal tarsal portion 115, lateral toe portion 120, lateral metatarsal portion 125, lateral distal tarsal portion 130, middle toe portion, middle metatarsal portion, and / or middle distal tarsal portion.

[0210] The functional elements 160 may be spaced apart from each other by at least 1 mm, preferably at least 2 mm, preferably at least 3 mm, preferably at least 4 mm, preferably at least 5 mm, preferably at least 6 mm, preferably at least 7 mm, preferably at least 8 mm, preferably at least 9 mm, preferably at least 10 mm, and / or, at most 20 mm, preferably at most 19 mm, preferably at most 18 mm, preferably at most 17 mm, preferably at most 16 mm, preferably at most 15 mm, preferably at most 14 mm, preferably at most 13 mm, preferably at most 12 mm, preferably at most 11 mm, preferably at most 10 mm.

[0211] Furthermore, the functional elements 160 can be arranged in a predefined pattern, for example in... Figure 2 As seen in the image. In particular, the functional elements 160 can be arranged in rows, such as one, two, three, or more rows. The functional elements 160 can be arranged in a curved shape. For example, the functional elements 160 can be arranged in an S-shape or a partial S-shape.

[0212] Furthermore, one or more rows may include at least two, preferably at least three, preferably at least four, preferably at least five, preferably at least six functional elements 160. Figures 1 to 3 In the exemplary embodiment shown, one or more rows may include six functional elements 160. Preferably, all rows may include six functional elements 160.

[0213] Some functional elements 160 are characterized by microstructured surfaces 150, which are preferably arranged on the top surface of the functional elements 160 (as described below). Figure 4 The microstructured surface 150 may include multiple protrusions that are elastically flexible and aid in ball control. These protrusions may be made of a material with a Shore A hardness of 30 to 110, such as a thermosetting elastomer or a thermoplastic elastomer.

[0214] It should be noted that the microstructured surface 150 may be additionally or alternatively arranged on the tongue of the upper 101 (when a tongue is present), and / or arranged on the heel portion of the upper 101.

[0215] One or more of the one or more functional elements 160 may preferably each functional element 160 include a material configured to enhance the gripping force between the ball and the functional element 160 upon contact.

[0216] Furthermore, one or more of the functional elements 160 may preferably include a thermosetting elastomer, preferably rubber, particularly ultralight rubber, such as polyurethane rubber, preferably polyurethane foam rubber, natural rubber, silicone rubber, preferably silicone foam rubber.

[0217] Furthermore, one or more of the functional elements 160 may substantially have the following shapes: diamond, parallelogram, kite, rectangle, square, trapezoid, deltoid, or lozenge. In particular, Figure 1 One or more functional elements 160 depicted may have a parallelogram shape.

[0218] like Figures 1 to 3As exemplarily shown, shoe 100 may be provided with cleats 180 (only two are indicated for simplicity), which may also be referred to as anti-slip studs. These are used to provide traction friction for athletes on the ground, especially on soft surfaces such as grass. The use of cleats is known in ball sports such as soccer (or football, e.g., American football), rugby, etc. In some examples, the cleats 180 may be integrally formed with the sole 102 of shoe 100. The cleats 180 may be at least partially injection-molded into a base material. In various examples, pre-formed cleat tips may be placed in a mold and over-injected with the base material. The base material may include a portion of the sole 102. In various examples, the cleats 180 may comprise TPU. Integral-formed or injection-molded cleats 180 have the advantage of not requiring screws and / or not requiring replacement of cleats 180. However, interchangeable cleats 180 or screw-on cleats 180 may also be used.

[0219] As described elsewhere herein, the advantages of the embodiments disclosed herein are multifaceted.

[0220] For example, the integration of functional element 160 with guide element 151 provides tangible performance benefits for improved ball control during the game. Furthermore, it creates a dynamic and unique surface pattern that enhances ball control performance. Existing technologies to date have focused solely on improving grip, but ball guidance upon contact is a major factor influencing overall ball control. By giving the ball a predetermined trajectory, the benefits of the functional element are maximized, which is unprecedented in current methods.

[0221] Specifically, by placing the functional element 160 (preferably a rubber element) within the path 155 (preferably a groove), the gripping force on the ball is further enhanced when the ball is guided by the guide element 151 (preferably a rib). In other words, the guide element 151 guides the ball toward the gripping element in a specific direction, where the gripping force on the ball increases.

[0222] To further highlight the advancements of this disclosure, analyzing the trajectory of the ball along the upper 101 can be helpful. The term "trajectory" can refer to the relative motion between the upper 101 and the ball. In one example, the ball may first contact the upper 101 in a first contact portion and may move along the ball contact area 140 toward a second contact portion—the portion where the ball last contacts the upper 101. From the second contact portion, the ball may accelerate away from the upper 101. The first contact portion may be positioned closer to the edge of the sole. The second contact portion may be positioned closer to the instep. This motion of the ball is more or less dominant, depending on the type of kick. For example, a shot may differ from a pass.

[0223] Various physical effects can occur during the trajectory of a ball, including but not limited to the Magnus effect. The Magnus effect can be understood as a phenomenon in fluid dynamics that describes the forces acting on a rotating (i.e., spinning) object (such as a ball) moving through a fluid (such as air). When a spinning ball moves through the air, it may therefore experience forces perpendicular to its path of travel. For short passes, the Magnus effect may not be a significant factor.

[0224] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an exemplary shoe upper—particularly the functional and guiding elements of the exemplary shoe upper and their height profiles—is shown according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0225] from Figure 4 It can be concluded that one or more, preferably all, functional elements 160 are characterized by microstructure surface 150, which is preferably arranged on the top surface of the functional element 160.

[0226] The microstructure surface 150 may include a plurality of protrusions. One or more, preferably all of the plurality of protrusions may have a columnar shape.

[0227] This provides a unique geometric configuration for the protrusions, which can influence the interaction between the ball and the upper 101. The columnar protrusions can provide a more defined and consistent contact surface, potentially enhancing control and orientation of the ball upon contact with the upper 101. The shape of the protrusions can also affect the durability and performance of the upper 101, as the columnar structure offers mechanical properties different from other shapes. This can include benefits such as increased abrasion and tear resistance, and / or improved energy transfer during ball contact.

[0228] Furthermore, the microstructured surface 150 can be configured to assist shooting and / or passing in such a way that each of the multiple protrusions can be elastically flexible.

[0229] The elastic flex of one or more protrusions can create a cushioning effect, reducing impact and allowing for a smoother interaction between the ball and the upper. This can be beneficial in sports where precise ball control is crucial. Additionally, the protrusions can optimize the direction and force applied to the ball, further enhancing player performance. The microstructured surface 150 with its elastic, flexible protrusions adds functionality to the upper, making it more effective in assisting ball-related maneuvers. This differentiates the shoe from others—offering an additional benefit in ball control, which can be an advantage in competitive sports. The elastic properties of the protrusions can also contribute to the shoe's durability and / or lifespan, as they can absorb and dissipate impact more effectively than rigid structures.

[0230] The microstructured surface 150 may comprise a thermosetting elastomer, preferably polyurethane (PU), rubber, and / or silicone. Additionally or alternatively, the microstructured surface 150 comprises a thermoplastic elastomer, preferably thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polyamide (PA), thermoplastic polyether block amide (PEBA), and / or thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE).

[0231] In addition, each of the plurality of protrusions may include the following Shore A hardness: 30 to 110 Shore A, preferably 50 to 100 Shore A, more preferably 70 to 90 Shore A.

[0232] Without being bound by theory, it is believed that the microstructured surface 150 proposed in this paper provides force-dependent grip. Therefore, enhanced grip can be provided for kicking, such as high impacts of the foot on the ball. This may occur, for example, during shooting and / or passing. Simultaneously, the microstructured surface 150 provides less grip for low impacts of the foot on the ball. This may occur, for example, during dribbling, first touch, and / or short passes.

[0233] Furthermore, the microstructured surface 150 provides a relatively high coefficient of friction, and thus offers high grip typically used for kicking a ball. Additionally, the microstructured surface provides a relatively small deviation in the coefficient of friction under different environmental conditions, such as wet conditions compared to dry conditions. Therefore, consistent grip can be achieved in both situations. Thus, the reduction in grip under wet conditions (which typically occurs in shoes of the prior art) can be avoided.

[0234] As described elsewhere in this document, the microstructured surface 150 includes multiple protrusions, one or more of which may be columnar and flexible. The arrangement and placement of these components can be carefully designed to improve the performance of the shoe upper during activities such as shooting and passing.

[0235] The microstructured surface 150 described herein differs from, for example, surfaces in the prior art that display macroscopic elements, such as macroscopic protrusions. These macroscopic protrusions are believed to impede the winding process, leading to the technical problem that this invention seeks to overcome. It is understood that the function of such a microstructured surface can therefore differ from that of a macrostructured surface.

[0236] As described elsewhere herein, one or more of the functional elements 160 are provided as individual elements to the upper 101, preferably by a vulcanization process.

[0237] The vulcanization process can be performed as follows: a base layer for the shoe upper is provided. At least one functional element comprising a rubber material is attached to the outer surface of the base layer. For example, the functional element is attached to the outer surface of the base layer by hot pressing, without using seams.

[0238] Hot pressing can be performed, allowing the rubber material to be vulcanized on the outer surface of the base layer. This vulcanization creates a reliable bond between the functional elements and the base layer, strong enough to permanently resist the large forces generated on the upper of the football boot.

[0239] from Figure 4 It can be concluded, especially from Figure 4 The height profile shown in the lower cross section a-a' indicates that the height g_h of one or more guide elements 151 can range from at least 0.1 mm to at most 5.0 mm. The height can be measured along a direction orthogonal to the shoe upper surface, such as by... Figure 4 The direction H in the example indicates this.

[0240] from Figure 4 It can also be concluded, especially from Figure 4 The height profile shown in the lower cross section a-a' reveals that the height f_h of one or more functional elements 160 can range from at least 0.1 mm to at most 4.0 mm.

[0241] Specifically, the height g_h of the guide element 151 can be greater than or equal to the height f_h of the functional element 160, and the height g_h ranges from at least 0.1 mm to at most 5.0 mm.

[0242] Figure 5 An exemplary shoe upper according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The shoe upper is for a shoe, particularly an athletic shoe, in an unfinished manufacturing state. Figure 6 Showing Figure 5 The example in the middle embodiment is in another different manufacturing state.

[0243] The upper 101 may include a first layer 135, which may be an inner layer. The first layer 135 may include a reinforcing foil, particularly a TPU foil.

[0244] The upper 101 may include a second layer 136, which may be disposed outside the first layer 135. The second layer 136 may include microfiber. Microfiber may be used inside the shoe 100, particularly inside the upper 101, to create a soft foot contact surface.

[0245] Upper 101 may include a third layer 137 ( Figure 6 This layer can be placed outside the second layer 136. The third layer 137 may include engineering mesh.

[0246] The upper 101 may include a fourth layer 138, which may be disposed outside the third layer 137. The fourth layer 138 may include a TPU foil.

[0247] Figure 7 A flowchart is shown of an exemplary method for manufacturing an upper for shoes, particularly for athletic shoes (e.g., football boots), according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0248] Method 200 includes: a. Provide mold 210; b. Arrange the initial shoe upper 220 into the mold; c. Heat the 230 mold to subject the initial shoe upper to heat treatment; d. At least partially press the initial upper 240 to provide one or more guiding elements 151; e. Initiate a 250 vulcanization process in the mold to provide one or more functional elements 160 to form the upper 101.

[0249] Heating the mold and pressing the initial upper can be performed essentially simultaneously. Heating the mold and initiating vulcanization can be performed essentially simultaneously. Pressing the initial upper and initiating vulcanization can be performed essentially simultaneously. Heating the mold, pressing the initial upper, and initiating vulcanization can be performed essentially simultaneously.

[0250] In a preferred embodiment, method 200 includes a step of pre-vulcanizing the functional element—before attaching it to the base layer provided for the upper. Pre-vulcanization provides a functional element particularly suitable for attachment to the base layer—through hot pressing and associated full vulcanization.

[0251] In a preferred embodiment, method 200 includes a step of preheating the functional element—before pre-curing. Preheating prior to pre-curing allows for an improved material structure of the functional element. In a further embodiment, the preheating step of the functional element is performed before it is attached to the outer surface of the substrate layer.

[0252] In a preferred embodiment, the outer surface of the substrate layer comprises polyurethane (PU). PU is particularly suitable for attachment to functional elements according to the described method. Through the PU-containing outer surface of the substrate layer, the functional elements can be attached to the substrate layer extremely firmly and permanently.

[0253] In a preferred embodiment, the rubber material comprises a Shore A hardness in the range of 30-70. This range is particularly suitable for functional elements in football boots. On the one hand, convenient wearing comfort can be achieved because the functional elements do not forcefully harden the upper. Furthermore, the functional elements are flexible enough that even under heavy force transmission, such as powerful shots, no indentations are created on the foot. On the other hand, the grip properties of the rubber material in this hardness range have proven to be very suitable for functional elements, providing strong grip. Moreover, rubber materials in this hardness range can be bonded particularly well to the base material through appropriate hot pressing.

[0254] In a preferred embodiment, the rubber material has a Shore A hardness in the range of 40-60. In another preferred embodiment, the rubber material has a Shore A hardness of approximately 45 or 55.

[0255] These are various examples, and the specific methods of manufacturing the upper 101 for the shoe 100 described herein are not limited to these examples.

[0256] It is important to note that the term "integrally formed" as used in this article can refer to a method in which one or more components of an athletic shoe and / or upper are manufactured as a single, unified structure. This can be performed without the need for additional joining, connecting, or assembling of separate components. Integral formation can be particularly meaningful for ensuring structural cohesion, enhanced durability, and uniform performance characteristics in specific areas of the shoe, such as the upper and / or specialized design features—like grip patterns or reinforcement zones.

[0257] When a component is formed as a single piece, it is typically produced using a single manufacturing process, such as injection molding, 3D knitting, casting, or other similar techniques. These methods eliminate the need for seams, adhesives, or stitching when combining different components. Therefore, a single-piece component exhibits a seamless transition between its functional areas, ensuring consistent mechanical properties such as flexibility, elasticity, and abrasion resistance. For example, an upper formed integrally with a grip pattern or raised element means that the raised element is not attached separately but can be directly incorporated into the upper during manufacturing, creating a unified structure.

[0258] Furthermore, when a component is formed in one piece, it can mean that the integrally formed part maintains the integrity of its function and design as a single entity. In the case of athletic shoes, this might mean that a part of the upper is integrally formed with the cushioning structure, or the upper is integrally formed with the area that enhances ball control, ensuring that these features do not separate, degrade, or fail independently.

[0259] Furthermore, the one-piece construction of athletic shoe components allows for precise customization of material properties across different areas. For example, some areas can be designed to be more rigid for stability, while other areas remain flexible for comfort and mobility. This approach also minimizes manufacturing complexity, reduces the shoe's weight, and enhances its overall aesthetics by eliminating visible connection points or seams.

[0260] In any one or more embodiments of the shoe upper described herein, references to "first," "second," etc., correspond only to naming elements, parts, groups, etc. Such naming should not be construed as restrictive, but is merely used to illustrate the purposes of this disclosure.

[0261] It should be noted that, as those skilled in the art will understand, any one or more of the embodiments and / or examples described herein may be combined with other aspects as described herein, and details of the embodiments and / or examples may be omitted. The scope of protection is determined by the claims and is not limited to the embodiments and / or examples disclosed in the above drawings.

[0262] List of reference numerals 100 shoes 101 Shoe Upper 102 Shoe Sole 105. Near the middle toe area 110 Mesial metatarsal portion 115. Proximal, mid, and distal tarsal portions 120. Toe area beside the body 125. Parametroid portion 130 Distal tarsal portion beside the body 135 First Floor 136 Second Floor 137 Third Floor 138 Fourth Floor 140 ball contact area 150 Microstructured Surface 151 Guide element 155 trench 160 functional components 160' Functional Component 160'' Functional Component 160''' Functional Components 160'''' Functional Components 180 shoe spikes 200 Methods for manufacturing shoe uppers 210 provides molds 220 Arrangement 230 heating 240 Suppression 250 Start g_h Height of the guide element f_h Height of the functional element H (height direction)

Claims

1. An upper (101) for use in shoes, particularly athletic shoes, said upper (101) including a ball contact area (140), said ball contact area comprising: a. One or more functional elements (160); b. One or more guide elements (151); c. wherein one or more of the one or more guiding elements (151) are arranged relative to one or more of the one or more functional elements (160) such that at least one path (155) is formed, the path being configured to guide the ball at least partially upon contact with the ball.

2. The upper (101) according to the preceding claim, wherein, One or more of the functional elements (160) preferably each functional element (160) is raised relative to the ball contact area (140).

3. The upper (101) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, One of the one or more guide elements (151) is arranged between at least two of the functional elements (160).

4. The upper (101) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising two guide elements (151) arranged next to one of the one or more functional elements (160) to form the at least one path (155).

5. The upper (101) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The at least one path (155) has a groove-like shape.

6. The upper (101) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The at least one path (155) accommodates one or more of the one or more functional elements (160).

7. The upper (101) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The at least one path (155) is configured to guide the ball at least partially along a direction in which one or more of the one or more functional elements (160) are arranged along the direction.

8. The upper (101) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, One or more of the one or more functional elements (160) are preferably provided as separate elements to the upper (101), preferably by a vulcanization process.

9. The upper (101) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, One or more of the guide elements (151) are preferably each guide element (151) integrally formed with the upper (101).

10. The upper (101) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, One or more of the one or more functional elements (160) preferably each functional element (160) is integrally formed with one or more of the one or more guide elements (151).

11. The upper (101) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The one or more functional elements (160) and the one or more guiding elements (151) are formed in a mold, preferably in a single step.

12. The upper (101) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The one or more functional elements (160) are configured to assist in ball control, particularly in assisting in shooting and / or passing when in contact with the ball.

13. The upper (101) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, One or more of the guide elements (151) have a rib shape, preferably longitudinal ribs (151).

14. The upper (101) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, One or more of the guide elements (151) have a length substantially perpendicular to the height, the length being along the surface of the upper (101). The length is at least 20% of the length of the adjacent functional element (160), preferably at least 40%, preferably at least 60%, preferably at least 80%, preferably at least 100%, preferably at least 150%, preferably at least 200% or more.

15. The upper (101) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, One or more of the one or more functional elements (160) preferably have a height of at least 0.1 mm, preferably at least 0.2 mm, preferably at least 0.3 mm, preferably at least 0.4 mm; and / or At most 4.0 mm, preferably at most 3.5 mm, preferably at most 3.0 mm, preferably at most 2.5 mm.

16. The upper (101) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, One or more of the guide elements (151) preferably have a height greater than or equal to the height of the one or more functional elements (160).

17. The upper (101) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, One or more of the guide elements (151) preferably have a height of at least 0.1 mm, preferably at least 0.2 mm, preferably at least 0.3 mm, preferably at least 0.4 mm; and / or At most 5.0 mm, preferably at most 4.5 mm, preferably at most 4.0 mm, preferably at most 3.5 mm.

18. The upper (101) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The one or more functional elements (160) and / or the one or more guide elements (151) are arranged at least partially in: The upper (101) includes the mesial toe portion (105), mesial metatarsal portion (110), mesial distal tarsal portion (115), lateral toe portion (120), lateral metatarsal portion (125), lateral distal tarsal portion (130), middle toe portion, middle metatarsal portion, and / or middle distal tarsal portion.

19. The upper (101) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The one or more functional elements (160) include two adjacent functional elements (160) spaced at least 1 mm apart, preferably at least 2 mm, preferably at least 3 mm, preferably at least 4 mm, preferably at least 5 mm, preferably at least 6 mm, preferably at least 7 mm, preferably at least 8 mm, preferably at least 9 mm, preferably at least 10 mm, and / or At most 20 mm, preferably at most 19 mm, preferably at most 18 mm, preferably at most 17 mm, preferably at most 16 mm, preferably at most 15 mm, preferably at most 14 mm, preferably at most 13 mm, preferably at most 12 mm, preferably at most 11 mm, preferably at most 10 mm.

20. The upper (101) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The functional elements (160) are arranged in a predefined pattern.

21. The upper (101) according to the preceding claim, wherein, The functional elements (160) are arranged in one row, two rows, or preferably three rows.

22. The upper (101) according to the preceding claim, wherein, One or more rows include at least two, preferably at least three, preferably at least four, preferably at least five, preferably at least six functional elements (160).

23. The upper (101) according to claim 21 or 22, wherein, One or more rows have a curved shape.

24. The upper (101) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, One or more of the functional elements (160) include a microstructured surface (150), which is preferably disposed on the top surface of the functional element (160).

25. The upper (101) according to the preceding claim, wherein, The microstructured surface (150) includes multiple protrusions.

26. The upper (101) according to the preceding claim, wherein, The microstructured surface (150) is configured to assist shooting and / or passing in such a way that each of the plurality of protrusions is elastically flexible.

27. The upper (101) according to claim 25 or 26, wherein, Each of the plurality of protrusions has a columnar shape.

28. The upper (101) according to any one of claims 24 to 27, wherein, The microstructure surface (150) comprises a thermosetting elastomer, preferably polyurethane (PU), rubber, and / or silicone; and / or The microstructure surface (150) comprises a thermoplastic elastomer, preferably thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polyamide (PA), thermoplastic polyether block amide (PEBA), and / or thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE).

29. The upper (101) according to any one of claims 25 to 28, wherein, Each of the plurality of protrusions has the following Shore A hardness: 30 to 110 Shore A, preferably 50 to 100 Shore A, more preferably 70 to 90 Shore A.

30. The upper (101) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, One or more of the one or more functional elements (160) preferably each functional element (160) comprises a material configured to enhance the gripping force between the ball and the functional element (160) upon contact.

31. The upper (101) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, One or more of the one or more functional elements (160) preferably each functional element (160) comprises a thermosetting elastomer, preferably a rubber, particularly an ultralight rubber, such as polyurethane rubber, preferably polyurethane foam rubber, natural rubber, silicone rubber, preferably silicone foam rubber.

32. The upper (101) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, One or more of the functional elements (160) are substantially diamond-shaped, parallelogram-shaped, kite-shaped, rectangular, square, trapezoidal, kite-shaped, or rhomboid.

33. A shoe (100), particularly an athletic shoe, said shoe (100, 200, 300) comprising: The shoe upper (101) according to any one of claims 1 to 32; as well as The sole (102) is attached to the upper (101).

34. A method (200) for manufacturing an upper (101), wherein the upper is for a shoe, particularly for a sports shoe such as a football boot, the method (200) comprising: a. Provide (210) molds; b. Arrange the initial shoe upper (220) into the mold; c. Heat (230) the mold to subject the initial shoe upper to heat treatment; d. At least partially press (240) the initial upper to provide one or more guiding elements (151); e. Initiate a vulcanization process (250) in the mold to provide one or more functional elements (160) to form the upper (101).

35. The method (200) according to claim 34, wherein, Steps c and d, c and e, d and e, or c, d and e are executed essentially simultaneously.

36. The method (200) according to claim 34 or 35, wherein, The upper is the upper according to any one of claims 1-32.

37. An upper (101) for use in shoes, particularly for athletic shoes, such as football boots, said upper (101) being manufactured by the method (200) according to any one of claims 34 to 36.

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