Field of view detection methods, apparatuses, devices, and media

Abstract

The application discloses a visual field detection method and device, equipment and medium, relates to the technical field of ophthalmic medical instruments, and is applied to a visual field detection device including a far image screen. The far image screen includes a far image optical module and a display screen. The far image optical module includes a beam splitter, a free-form concave mirror and a refractive compensation mirror. The beam splitter is obliquely arranged between the display screen and the free-form concave mirror. The refractive compensation mirror is arranged on an emergent light path between the beam splitter and a human eye. The method comprises the following steps: dividing a central visual field of the human eye into a plurality of sub-regions, moving a fixation point to the center of each sub-region in turn, displaying a current sub-region on a full screen, displaying an optotype in the sub-region in turn, collecting an optotype response signal of a detection object when the fixation point is gazed at, completing detection by traversing all the sub-regions, and generating a visual field detection result according to the response signal. The sub-regions, the fixation point and the optotype form a far virtual image by projecting screen light rays through each optical lens, so that the virtual image can be observed. The device is miniaturized, low in cost and high in precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ophthalmic medical device technology, and in particular to visual field detection methods, devices, equipment and media. Background Technology

[0002] Visual field testing is an indispensable core tool in ophthalmological clinical diagnosis. By assessing the visual range of the human eye, it provides important evidence for disease diagnosis, treatment planning, and disease follow-up. Currently, the commonly used automated perimeters in clinical practice are mainly divided into two types: one is the hemispherical projection perimeter, which achieves visual field testing by projecting a target inside a hemispherical shell; the other is the large solid-screen perimeter, which requires a large display screen of 100 to 260 inches at a distance of 3m to 5m to cover the standard central visual field of ±30°.

[0003] However, traditional perimeters have many insurmountable drawbacks that severely limit their widespread application: First, they are bulky and take up a lot of space, making them unsuitable for small settings such as community clinics and homes; second, they are expensive, with core components relying on imports and high maintenance costs, limiting their use to large hospitals and high-end medical examination centers; third, there is a contradiction between screen size and detection distance, as small screens cannot cover the standard central field of view of ±30°, while increasing the screen size would further increase costs and expand the device's size, making miniaturization difficult; fourth, the interaction methods are complex, with traditional perimeters often using dedicated button handles, resulting in cumbersome operation procedures.

[0004] In summary, how to achieve miniaturized, low-cost, and high-precision field-of-view detection is a problem that needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a field of view detection method, apparatus, device, and medium, achieving miniaturized, low-cost, and high-precision field of view detection. The specific solution is as follows: In a first aspect, this application discloses a visual field detection method applied to a visual field detection device including a far-image screen. The far-image screen includes a far-image optical module and a display screen. The far-image optical module includes a beam splitter, a freeform concave mirror, and a refractive compensation lens. The beam splitter is tilted between the display screen and the freeform concave mirror, and the refractive compensation lens is disposed in the outgoing light path between the beam splitter and the human eye. The method includes: The human eye's central field of vision is divided into multiple sub-regions. The fixation point is moved to the center of the current sub-region, and the current sub-region is displayed in full screen on the display screen. When visual targets are displayed sequentially at different positions within the current sub-region, the response signals of the detection object to the visual targets when it gazes at the fixation point are collected. Move the fixed viewpoint to the center of the next sub-region and jump back to the step of displaying the current sub-region in full screen on the display screen until all sub-regions have been detected; The visual field detection result of the detected object is generated based on each of the response signals; The sub-region, the fixed viewpoint, and the target are displayed as a distant virtual image, which is formed by projecting the image light emitted from the display screen based on the beam splitter, the freeform concave mirror, and the refractive compensation lens.

[0006] Optionally, the image light emitted from the display screen is projected to form a distant virtual image using the beam splitter, the freeform concave mirror, and the refractive compensation mirror, including: The image light emitted by the display screen is transmitted through the beam splitter and then incident on the freeform concave mirror. The image light is reflected by the freeform concave mirror to form reflected light. Then, the beam splitter reflects the reflected light and passes it through the refractive compensation lens to form a distant virtual image.

[0007] Optionally, before moving the fixed viewpoint to the center of the current sub-region, the method further includes: The initial fixation point is displayed on the display screen so that the detection object maintains a fixation state on the fixation point, thus completing the fixation localization; wherein, the display position of the initial fixation point is the center position of the human eye's central visual field.

[0008] Optionally, the field-of-view detection device further includes a camera and an infrared eye-tracking module; correspondingly, the method further includes: The current sitting posture image and current eye position image of the detected object captured by the camera are used to perform upright, forward-looking, coaxial sitting posture calibration to generate a first calibration result. If the first calibration result indicates that the sitting posture or eye position of the detected object does not meet the preset forward-looking, coaxial sitting posture requirements, a preset reminder operation is triggered to remind the detected object to adjust its sitting posture and / or eye position. Alternatively, the current sitting posture image and current eye position image of the detected object acquired by the infrared eye tracking module are used to perform a head-level center alignment sitting posture calibration to generate a second calibration result. If the second calibration result indicates that the sitting posture or eye position of the detected object does not meet the preset head-level center alignment sitting posture requirements, a preset reminder operation is triggered to remind the detected object to adjust its sitting posture and / or eye position.

[0009] Optionally, generating the field-of-view detection result of the detected object based on each of the response signals includes: Each of the aforementioned response signals is sequentially determined as the current response signal; If the detected object does not meet the preset coaxial sitting posture requirement or the preset center-aligned sitting posture requirement when it responds to the current response signal, then the current response signal is determined to be an abnormal response signal. Abnormal response signals are removed from each of the response signals to obtain the removed response signals, and the field of view detection result of the detection object is generated based on the removed response signals.

[0010] Optionally, the response signal is a valid response signal generated when the field of view detection device receives a signal fed back via a mouse button within a preset response time, or a non-response signal generated when it does not receive a signal fed back via a mouse button within the preset response time; the process of collecting the response signal fed back to the target when the detection object gazes at the fixed point also includes: Record the response time of the response signal and the position information of the target, and mark the visual field sensitive points and visual field defects of the detected object; Record the sitting posture and gaze deviation time sequence data of the detection object, and associate the first calibration result or the second calibration result of the detection object with each response signal; Accordingly, generating the field-of-view detection result of the detected object based on each of the response signals includes: Based on each of the response signals and the corresponding response time, location information, visual field sensitive points, and visual field defect points, a visual field grayscale map, a visual field numerical map, and a visual field defect analysis map are drawn, and the visual field defect type is marked in the visual field defect analysis map.

[0011] Optionally, the visual field detection device further includes an ambient light sensor for acquiring ambient light intensity and an automatic eye occluder for automatically blocking the non-detection eye and ensuring that the detection eye is tested alone during monocular visual field detection; correspondingly, the method further includes: The brightness of the display screen is adjusted according to the ambient light intensity collected by the ambient light sensor; The output brightness of the infrared fill light in the infrared eye-tracking module is adjusted according to the ambient light intensity collected by the ambient light sensor.

[0012] Secondly, this application discloses a field of view detection device, applied to a field of view detection equipment including a far-image screen. The far-image screen includes a far-image optical module and a display screen. The far-image optical module includes a beam splitter, a freeform concave mirror, and a refractive compensation lens. The beam splitter is tilted between the display screen and the freeform concave mirror, and the refractive compensation lens is disposed in the outgoing light path between the beam splitter and the human eye. The device includes: The signal acquisition module is used to divide the central field of vision of the human eye into multiple sub-regions, move the fixation point to the center of the current sub-region, and display the current sub-region in full screen on the display screen. When the visual targets are displayed in different positions within the current sub-region, the module acquires the response signal of the detection object to the visual targets when it gazes at the fixation point. The jump module is used to move the fixed viewpoint to the center of the next sub-region and jump back to the step of displaying the current sub-region in full screen on the display screen until the detection of all sub-regions is completed; The result generation module is used to generate the field of view detection result of the detected object based on each of the response signals; The sub-region, the fixed viewpoint, and the target are displayed as a distant virtual image, which is formed by projecting the image light emitted from the display screen based on the beam splitter, the freeform concave mirror, and the refractive compensation lens.

[0013] Thirdly, this application discloses a visual field detection device, which includes a far-image screen, the far-image screen including a far-image optical module and a display screen, the far-image optical module including a beam splitter, a freeform concave mirror and a refractive compensation lens, the beam splitter being obliquely disposed between the display screen and the freeform concave mirror, and the refractive compensation lens being disposed in the outgoing light path between the beam splitter and the human eye; wherein, the visual field detection device further includes: Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor for executing the computer program to implement the steps of the aforementioned disclosed field-of-view detection method.

[0014] Fourthly, this application discloses a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program; wherein, when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the aforementioned disclosed field-of-view detection method.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: This application is applied to a field of view detection device including a far-image screen, wherein the far-image screen includes a far-image optical module and a display screen, the far-image optical module includes a beam splitter, a freeform concave mirror, and a refractive compensation lens, the beam splitter is tilted between the display screen and the freeform concave mirror, and the refractive compensation lens is disposed in the outgoing light path between the beam splitter and the human eye; the method includes: dividing the central field of view of the human eye into multiple sub-regions, moving the fixation point to the center of the current sub-region, and displaying the current sub-region in full screen on the display screen, and sequentially displaying the field of view at different positions within the current sub-region. During the target observation process, the response signal of the detection object to the target when it fixates on the fixed point is collected; the fixed point is moved to the center of the next sub-region, and the process jumps back to the step of displaying the current sub-region in full screen in the effective display area of ​​the display screen, until the detection of all sub-regions is completed; the visual field detection result of the detection object is generated based on each of the response signals; wherein, the sub-region, the fixed point, and the target are displayed in the form of a distant virtual image, and the distant virtual image is formed by projecting the image light emitted from the display screen based on the beam splitter, the freeform concave mirror, and the refractive compensation lens. Therefore, this application is applied to a visual field testing device including a specially structured far-image screen. By tilting the beam splitter of the far-image optical module between the display screen and the freeform concave mirror, and placing the refractive compensation lens in the outgoing light path between the beam splitter and the human eye, the image light emitted from the display screen is projected using the aforementioned lens to form a far-distance virtual image. The required sub-regions, fixation points, and optotypes are all presented in the form of this far-distance virtual image. This satisfies the standard requirements for long-distance observation in clinical visual field testing, eliminating the need for traditional large solid screens or hemispherical shell structures, effectively reducing the device size, hardware costs, and installation space requirements. Simultaneously, the refractive compensation lens can adapt to test subjects with different refractive states, avoiding the inconvenience of test subjects needing to bring their own glasses, thus improving the applicability and testing comfort of the device. By dividing the central visual field of the human eye into multiple sub-regions, the fixation point is positioned... The device moves to the center of each sub-region and displays the current sub-region in full screen on the display screen. This achieves equivalent coverage of the entire central field of vision of the human eye with a small display screen, solving the problem that traditional small screens cannot meet the standard field of vision detection coverage requirements, while large screens would increase cost and size. By sequentially presenting the optotype and collecting the response signal of the detection object in the current sub-region in full-screen display state, and cyclically switching the fixed optotype to the next sub-region to repeat the detection steps, it ensures that there are no blind spots, overlaps or omissions in the detection of each sub-region, improving the integrity, stability and repeatability of field of vision detection. Finally, the detection result is generated based on all response signals. While simplifying the detection operation process and lowering the threshold for use, it ensures the accuracy and reliability of field of vision detection results. It breaks the limitation of traditional perimeters that can only be used in large hospitals, making the device suitable for use in community clinics, health check-up centers and homes. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a visual field detection method disclosed in this application; Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the overall composition of a field of view detection disclosed in this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a specific refractive compensation lens disclosed in this application; Figure 4 This is a specific optical path diagram disclosed in this application; Figure 5 This is a specific partition diagram disclosed in this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a field of view detection device disclosed in this application; Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device disclosed in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Visual field testing is an indispensable core tool in ophthalmological clinical diagnosis. By assessing the visual range of the human eye and the sensitivity of different regions, it can detect various ophthalmic diseases at an early stage, such as glaucoma, optic nerve atrophy, and macular degeneration, providing important evidence for disease diagnosis, treatment planning, and disease follow-up. Currently, the commonly used automated perimeters in clinical practice are mainly divided into two types: one is the hemispherical projection perimeter, which realizes visual field testing by projecting a target inside a hemispherical shell; the other is the large solid-screen perimeter, which requires a large display screen of 100 to 260 inches at a distance of 3m to 5m to cover the standard central visual field of ±30°.

[0020] However, existing traditional perimeters have many insurmountable drawbacks that severely limit their widespread application: First, they are bulky and space-consuming. Hemispherical projection perimeters are floor-standing structures, occupying an area of ​​≥1㎡. Large-screen perimeters not only require huge installation space but also need to reserve sufficient detection distance, making them unsuitable for small settings such as community clinics and homes. Second, they are expensive. The price of a traditional perimeter typically ranges from 150,000 to 300,000 yuan, with core components relying on imports and high maintenance costs, limiting their use to large hospitals and high-end medical examination centers. Third, there is a contradiction between screen size and detection distance; small screens cannot cover ±3... The standard central field of view is 0°. Increasing the screen size would further increase costs and expand the device size, making miniaturization difficult. Fourth, the interaction method is complex. Traditional perimeters often use dedicated button handles, which are cumbersome to operate. The elderly, children and other special groups have difficulty adapting quickly and are prone to operational errors, affecting the test results. Fifth, there is a lack of effective posture monitoring and reminder mechanisms. During the test, the test subject is prone to abnormal postures such as bending over, looking down, body deviation, and eye position deviation, which causes the eye position to deviate from the detection optical path, resulting in distorted visual field test results. Traditional perimeters require manual supervision of the test subject's posture, which increases labor costs and the supervision effect is unstable.

[0021] Currently, far-image display technology is mainly used in the fields of eye protection and myopia prevention. Its core function is to project a near-distance screen image into a far-distance virtual image, achieving the effect of near-distance viewing and far-distance imaging. However, there is no technical solution that combines far-image display technology with visual field detection, such as combining fixed-point displacement to expand the field of view, and integrating camera posture monitoring and voice prompts. Existing technologies also lack visual field detection devices that can simultaneously address the problems of traditional perimeters being large, costly, complex to operate, having insufficient screen size, and having abnormal posture affecting detection accuracy. Therefore, developing a miniaturized, low-cost, high-precision, and easy-to-operate visual field detection device and method has become an urgent need in the field of ophthalmic medical devices.

[0022] Therefore, this application provides a field of view detection scheme to achieve miniaturized, low-cost, and high-precision field of view detection.

[0023] See Figure 1 As shown, this application discloses a field of view detection method applied to a field of view detection device including a far-image screen. The far-image screen includes a far-image optical module and a display screen. The far-image optical module includes a beam splitter, a freeform concave mirror, and a refractive compensation lens. The beam splitter is tilted between the display screen and the freeform concave mirror, and the refractive compensation lens is disposed in the outgoing light path between the beam splitter and the human eye. The method includes: Step S11: Divide the central field of vision of the human eye into multiple sub-regions, move the fixation point to the center of the current sub-region, and display the current sub-region in full screen on the display screen. When the visual targets are displayed in different positions within the current sub-region, collect the response signal of the detection object to the visual targets when it gazes at the fixation point.

[0024] This visual field testing device is equipped with a dedicated far-image screen, which consists of a far-image optical module and a display screen. The far-image optical module integrates three core optical components: a beam splitter, a freeform concave mirror, and a refractive compensation lens. Each optical component is precisely arranged in a fixed optical path position. The beam splitter is mounted at an angle in the optical path between the display screen and the freeform concave mirror, and can receive the image light emitted from the display screen and realize the switching between light path transmission and reflection. The freeform concave mirror receives the light transmitted through the beam splitter and performs precise light path reflection and shaping. The refractive compensation lens is placed on the outgoing light path on the side of the beam splitter facing the human eye, and can perform refractive correction and optical path calibration on the outgoing light. After the image light output from the display screen is transmitted through the various optical components in sequence, it can form a standard imaging optical path in front of the human eye, providing a far-distance imaging basis that meets the requirements of clinical observation for subsequent visual field testing. Furthermore, the field of view detection device also includes a main control module, a mouse interaction module, a camera, and a voice prompt module. An ambient light sensor and an automatic eye occluder can also be optionally added. All modules work together to form a complete field of view detection system.

[0025] In this embodiment, before moving the fixation point to the center of the current sub-region, the method further includes: displaying the initial fixation point on the display screen so that the detection object maintains a fixation state on the fixation point and completes fixation localization; wherein, the display position of the initial fixation point is the center position of the human eye's central visual field.

[0026] The device renders and displays the initial fixation point on the screen at the center of the central field of vision of the human eye. Relying on the beam splitter, freeform concave mirror, and refractive compensation lens of the far-image optical module, the initial fixation point is presented as a distant virtual image in the observation field of the test subject. This guides the test subject to actively focus and continuously fixate on the initial fixation point, thereby standardizing the test subject's gaze posture and eye position reference, and completing the gaze positioning calibration before the test. The initial fixation point is limited to the center of the central field of vision of the human eye, which can uniformly calibrate the starting origin of the test with the central reference point. This provides an accurate and reliable positioning reference for subsequent division of the central field of vision sub-regions, switching of fixation point displacement, and orderly detection of optotypes in each region. It avoids deviation of the field of vision detection reference caused by the offset of the initial gaze point, and ensures the standardization of the subsequent entire field of vision test and the accuracy of the test results.

[0027] In other words, during device initialization, the subject sits in front of the device and adjusts their posture. The main control module activates the far-image optical module, display screen, camera, and voice prompt module. The far-image optical module projects the image on the display screen as a distant virtual image at a distance of 3m to 6m, ensuring that the subject's eyes can clearly observe the distant virtual image. Simultaneously, the camera starts acquiring real-time images of the subject's posture and eye position, transmitting them to the main control module. For gaze localization, the main control module controls the display screen to show the initial fixation point. The initial fixation point is a bright circular marker with a diameter of 0.1 to 0.2° (far-image viewing angle), and its brightness is 2 to 3 times higher than the background brightness, facilitating gaze localization. The initial fixation point is located at the center of the ±30° complete central field of view. The subject gazes at the initial fixation point for 1 to 2 seconds to adapt, completing the preparation for detection. During this process, the camera continuously acquires images of the subject, and the main control module monitors the subject's posture and gaze status in real time.

[0028] In this embodiment, the response signal is a valid response signal generated when the field of view detection device receives a signal fed back through the mouse button within a preset response time, or a non-response signal generated when it does not receive a signal fed back through the mouse button within the preset response time.

[0029] First, the central field of vision of the human eye is divided into multiple independent sub-regions. The main control module divides the complete central field of vision of ±30° into several sub-regions, preferably into four sub-regions: upper left, upper right, lower left, and lower right. The field of vision of each sub-region is ±15°.

[0030] The control module then moves the fixed point synchronously to the center of the current sub-region under test. The fixed point movement interval is 15° to 20°, preferably 18°. To avoid blind spots in the field of view detection, there is an overlap of 5° to 10° between adjacent sub-regions, preferably 8°. The main control module moves the fixed point to the center of each sub-region in a preset order. Each time the fixed point is moved, the test object is given 1 to 2 seconds of fixation adaptation time to ensure that the test object can clearly fixate on the current fixed point. At the same time, the display screen is driven to present the current sub-region in full screen. With the help of the far-image optical module, both the sub-region and the fixed point are presented to the test object as far-field virtual images.

[0031] Subsequently, the visual targets are dynamically displayed sequentially at different locations within the current sub-region. The main control module controls the display screen to present the visual targets within the current sub-region according to a preset program. The visual targets adopt the Goldmann I-V standard, with a presentation time of 100-200ms, adjustable brightness of 0.1-1000cd / m², and a fixed background brightness of 10cd / m², conforming to ISO standards. Industry standards 12866 and YY0676-2008 require that the object being tested maintains its gaze on the corresponding fixed point and responds via mouse button based on whether the target is clearly seen. The device collects the response signal corresponding to this response in real time, and a fixed response time window of 500-1000ms is preset as the judgment criterion. When mouse button feedback is received from the object within the preset response time, a valid response signal indicating whether the target is clearly seen or blurred is generated. If no mouse button feedback is received after the preset response time, a no-response signal is automatically generated. The two types of response signals are distinguished by a unified time judgment rule, which provides standardized data support for accurately determining the visual status of the target at each position and fitting the complete central visual field range. It also facilitates the standardization of the testing process, reduces human judgment errors, and improves the objectivity and accuracy of visual field testing results.

[0032] In this embodiment, the process of collecting the response signal of the detection object to the visual target when the detection object gazes at the fixed point also includes: recording the response time of the response signal and the position information of the visual target, and marking the visual field sensitive points and visual field defect points of the detection object; recording the sitting posture and gaze deviation time sequence data of the detection object, and associating the first calibration result or the second calibration result of the detection object with each response signal.

[0033] Throughout the process of collecting data on the subject's fixation point and generating a response signal in response to the optotype, the visual field testing device simultaneously records data and marks features. It accurately records the response time for each optotype and the specific location of the optotype within the central visual field sub-region in real time. Based on the recorded response time, optotype distribution, and the determination of effective and non-response signals, the device marks the areas in the subject's visual field where the optotype can be clearly identified and where visual sensitivity is normal as visual field sensitive points. At the same time, it marks the points where the optotype cannot be identified, where there is no response within the time limit, and where there is a partial loss of visual field as visual field defect points. By retaining time and location parameters throughout the process and classifying and marking visual field feature points, the device can completely preserve the original test data, accurately depict the visual sensitivity distribution and local defect status of the central visual field of the human eye, and provide detailed and objective original data for the subsequent generation of refined and visualized visual field testing reports and for the screening and diagnosis of ophthalmic diseases.

[0034] Simultaneously, it records the timing data of sitting posture and gaze deviation, and associates and marks the corresponding sitting posture and gaze verification results of each response signal. It can completely retain the original data of posture timing and gaze fluctuations throughout the entire detection process, and establish a timing correlation mapping relationship between the optotype response result, the human sitting posture, and the gaze alignment state. On the one hand, it can accurately distinguish between true visual field defects and false defects caused by improper sitting posture, gaze drift, or peeking, providing traceable data basis for subsequent automatic elimination of abnormal response signals. On the other hand, it facilitates the retrospective reproduction of the detection conditions of each optotype point, improves the repeatability, objectivity, and clinical reliability of visual field detection results, and provides standardized and traceable original timing support for subsequent visual field data analysis, accurate determination of defect type, and clinical follow-up comparison.

[0035] Step S12: Move the fixed viewpoint to the center of the next sub-region and jump back to the step of displaying the current sub-region in full screen on the display screen until the detection of all sub-regions is completed.

[0036] After completing the target detection and response signal acquisition for the current sub-region, the visual field detection device automatically controls the fixed gaze point to switch and shift to the center position of the next sub-region to be tested. It then restarts and repeats the process of displaying the new current sub-region on the display screen in full screen. In conjunction with the far-image optical module, the sub-region and the corresponding fixed gaze point are displayed as a distant virtual image for the test object to continuously observe. Then, the device sequentially performs steps such as target multi-point display, response signal acquisition, data recording, and feature point marking within the sub-region. Following a predetermined arrangement, the entire detection process is cyclically advanced to subsequent sub-regions, traversing all sub-regions divided by the central visual field of the human eye until all sub-regions have completed the standardized full-screen display, fixed gaze point positioning, target presentation, and signal acquisition process. This achieves full-coverage automated detection of the central visual field without omissions or blind spots, ensuring the continuity, regularity, and completeness of the visual field detection. This provides a complete foundation for the subsequent integration of all sub-region detection data to generate accurate visual field results.

[0037] In this embodiment, the field of view detection device further includes a camera and an infrared eye-tracking module; correspondingly, the method further includes: performing a sitting upright, coaxial posture calibration on the current sitting posture image and current eye position image of the detection object acquired by the camera to generate a first calibration result; if the first calibration result indicates that the sitting posture or eye position of the detection object does not meet the preset coaxial posture requirement, a preset reminder operation is triggered to remind the detection object to adjust its sitting posture and / or eye position; or, performing a level-centered alignment sitting posture calibration on the current sitting posture image and current eye position image of the detection object acquired by the infrared eye-tracking module to generate a second calibration result; if the second calibration result indicates that the sitting posture or eye position of the detection object does not meet the preset level-centered alignment sitting posture requirement, a preset reminder operation is triggered to remind the detection object to adjust its sitting posture and / or eye position.

[0038] The following describes the method for obtaining the first calibration results and the preset requirements for the upright, coaxial sitting posture: First, calibration is completed in a seated, coaxial posture with the eyes facing forward. The infrared eye-tracking module tracks and investigates the human eye's gaze in real time, while a camera captures images of the human body and head posture. The human body is guided to face the distant image screen, keeping the head upright without tilting forward or backward or tilting to the left or right. The infrared eye-tracking module continuously collects eye images and calculates the points where the gazes fall, tracking the gaze trajectories of the eyes in real time until the overall gaze of the left and right eyes forms a stable straight line aligned with the fixed point of the distant virtual image. Based on this, a mapping relationship is established between the human eye image features, posture reference, and the coordinates of the distant virtual image, generating the first calibration result.

[0039] The preset requirements for the upright, coaxial sitting posture are as follows: based on infrared eye-tracking, the subject's body is facing the central axis of the distant image screen, with the head upright and without tilting or tilting of the face to the left or right; through real-time monitoring and verification by infrared eye-tracking, the overall line of sight of the left and right eyes is aligned with the fixed point of the distant virtual image in a straight line and coaxially, which serves as the standard for judging the compliance of the upright, coaxial sitting posture.

[0040] The following describes the method for obtaining the second calibration results and the preset requirements for a head-up, centered, aligned sitting posture: After completing the first calibration, a seated posture calibration with eye level and center alignment is performed. The head is kept horizontally upright as the reference, and there is no need to strictly limit the torso to be directly facing the central axis of the distant image screen. The test subject's head is kept horizontally upright without any left or right twisting or deviation. The core constraint is that the line of sight of the tested eye is precisely collinear with the virtual center of the fixed gaze point. The infrared eye-tracking module calculates the landing point of the line of sight of a single eye, calibrates the collinearity of the line of sight of the tested eye with the virtual center of the fixed gaze point and maintains a steady state, establishes the corresponding posture and line of sight coordinate mapping relationship, and generates the second calibration result.

[0041] The preset requirements for the eye-level centered alignment sitting posture are as follows: the subject's head should be kept horizontal and straight, without any left or right twisting or side deviation, and the torso can be relaxed naturally without forced centering; the standard for judging the eye-level centered alignment is based on the alignment of the line of sight of the tested eye and the virtual center of the fixed point, so as to achieve coaxial alignment of the line of sight of the tested eye, which is the standard for judging the compliance of the eye-level centered alignment sitting posture.

[0042] Specifically, the main control module analyzes and processes the images captured by the camera using a built-in posture recognition algorithm to determine whether the subject's posture meets the standard. The standard posture is defined as follows: the subject sits upright with their head straight, eyes looking straight ahead at a distant virtual image, the physical distance between the eyes and the optical exit of the distant image optical module is 30-40cm, the body tilt angle is ≤5°, the head tilt angle is ≤10°, and the face angle is ≤15°. If abnormal postures such as bending over, looking down, body deviation, or abnormal eye distance are detected, the main control module immediately controls the voice prompt module to issue corresponding voice prompts, guiding the subject to adjust their posture until the main control module recognizes that the posture meets the standard, thus proceeding to the next step of detection.

[0043] Step S13: Generate the field of view detection result of the detected object based on each of the response signals; wherein, the sub-region, the fixed viewpoint and the target are displayed in the form of a distant virtual image, and the distant virtual image is formed by projecting the image light emitted by the display screen based on the beam splitter, the freeform concave mirror and the refractive compensation lens.

[0044] The visual field testing equipment aggregates all valid and non-responding signals collected from each sub-region. It integrates and analyzes these signals, considering the distribution of each optotype, response time, and marked visual field sensitive points and visual field defects. Data fitting and computation are then performed to comprehensively analyze the visual sensitivity distribution and visual field defects in each region of the subject's central visual field, ultimately generating a complete and standardized quantitative visual field testing result. During the testing process, sub-regions, fixation points, and optotypes are not displayed as physical images on the screen. Instead, they rely on the optical path coordination of the beam splitter, freeform concave mirror, and refractive compensation lens within the far-image optical module. The image light emitted from the display screen is transmitted and refracted by the beam splitter, shaped and reflected by the freeform concave mirror, and calibrated and compensated by the refractive compensation lens, forming a distant virtual image at a designated distance in front of the subject that meets clinical testing standards. The subject completes the entire visual field test by observing this distant virtual image. This not only meets the medical testing standards for distant vision but also achieves equipment miniaturization through a small display screen and optical imaging, while ensuring the accuracy and professionalism of the visual field observation effect and test results.

[0045] After completing the visual target presentation and response acquisition for all sub-regions, the main control module analyzes and processes the acquired response data, removes abnormal data acquired during abnormal sitting postures, draws visual field grayscale maps, numerical maps, and defect analysis maps, labels the types of visual field defects (such as paracentral scotomas, arcuate scotomas, etc.), generates a standardized visual field test report in PDF format, and supports data export via USB interface for easy clinical archiving, disease follow-up, and data comparison.

[0046] The method of projecting image light emitted from the display screen to form a distant virtual image using the beam splitter, the freeform concave reflector, and the refractive compensation lens includes: transmitting the image light emitted from the display screen through the beam splitter to the freeform concave reflector, reflecting the image light to form reflected light, and then using the beam splitter to reflect the reflected light and pass it through the refractive compensation lens to form a distant virtual image.

[0047] The field-of-view detection device uses the coordinated optical components within the far-image optical module to complete the formation of a distant virtual image: First, the display screen emits image light carrying the image information. This image light is transmitted through a tilted beam splitter and then smoothly incident on the mirror surface of a freeform concave mirror. The freeform concave mirror shapes and directionally reflects the incident image light, forming a regular reflected light. This reflected light is then incident again on the beam splitter and reflected a second time. The light reflected by the beam splitter passes through the refractive compensation device positioned between the beam splitter and the human eye along the outgoing light path. The refractive compensator corrects refractive errors, optimizes aberrations, and calibrates the optical path. After passing through a complete optical path and undergoing optical modulation, the image light converges at a standard detection distance in front of the human eye, forming a distant virtual image that can be observed by the object being tested. The entire optical path sequentially completes the process of transmission, incidence, reflection, secondary reflection, and refractive compensation. The optical path is well-organized and the imaging is stable. It can achieve long-distance virtual imaging without relying on large display devices, adapts to the observation standards of clinical visual field testing, and achieves a miniaturized device structure design based on a compact optical layout.

[0048] In this embodiment, generating the visual field detection result of the detection object based on each of the response signals includes: sequentially determining each of the response signals as the current response signal; if the detection object's sitting posture does not meet the preset forward coaxial sitting posture requirement or the preset eye-level center-aligned sitting posture requirement when the detection object responds to the current response signal, then determining the current response signal as an abnormal response signal; removing the abnormal response signals from each of the response signals to obtain the removed response signals, and generating the visual field detection result of the detection object based on the removed response signals.

[0049] In the process of generating visual field detection results based on various response signals, the visual field detection device will sequentially label each response signal as the current response signal according to the target detection order and verify them one by one. For each current response signal, the device will synchronously associate it with the posture determination result and eye position determination result obtained by the camera at the corresponding time. If the subject has a posture that does not meet the preset coaxial sitting posture requirement, the preset center-aligned sitting posture target requirement, or both during the instant the current response signal is fed back, the device will determine the response signal as an invalid abnormal response signal. Subsequently, the system will process all collected response signals. The response signals are uniformly screened and sorted, and all invalid data marked as abnormal response signals are centrally removed. Valid response signals generated under the condition that the posture and eye position meet the standards are retained. Then, based on the compliant response signals retained after removing abnormal data, integrated analysis, point fitting, and visual field state inference are performed. Finally, true and objective visual field test results of the test subjects are generated after removing posture interference factors. This effectively eliminates invalid data interference caused by sitting posture deviation and eye position deviation, avoids abnormal data from lowering the test accuracy, and ensures that the visual field test results are generated entirely based on valid feedback under standard test conditions, significantly improving the accuracy, authenticity, and clinical reference value of the visual field test results.

[0050] In this embodiment, generating the visual field detection result of the detection object based on each of the response signals includes: drawing a visual field grayscale map, a visual field numerical map, and a visual field defect analysis map based on each of the response signals and the corresponding response time, the location information, the visual field sensitive point, and the visual field defect point, and marking the visual field defect type in the visual field defect analysis map.

[0051] The device integrates all response signals, corresponding response time parameters, target position information, visual field sensitive points, and visual field defect data to perform comprehensive statistical analysis and visualization modeling. Based on various basic detection data and according to preset grayscale scales, numerical gradients, and defect judgment rules, it generates intuitive visual field grayscale maps, visual field numerical maps, and visual field defect analysis maps. The visual field grayscale map can present the distribution strength of visual field sensitivity in the center of the human eye, the visual field numerical map can accurately reflect the magnitude of the visual threshold of the target in each area, and the visual field defect analysis map is used to characterize the location of defect points in local areas. At the same time, based on the distribution location, quantity, range, and defect type analysis rules of defect points within related images, the visual field defect analysis map accurately marks the type of visual field defect, which can characterize changes in areas such as local defects and peripheral missing parts. It can completely depict the visual sensitivity distribution, point location information, response time differences, and visual defect status of the central visual field of the human eye. It can output visual atlases and defect analysis maps with medical reference value at any time, making it convenient for medical staff to intuitively interpret and identify the location, range, type, and clinical diagnostic basis of visual field defects.

[0052] In this embodiment, the visual field detection device further includes an ambient light sensor for collecting ambient light intensity and an automatic eye occluder for automatically blocking the non-detection eye and ensuring that the detection eye is tested alone during monocular visual field detection; correspondingly, the method further includes: adjusting the brightness of the display screen according to the ambient light intensity collected by the ambient light sensor; and adjusting the output brightness of the infrared fill light in the infrared eye tracking module according to the ambient light intensity collected by the ambient light sensor.

[0053] The field of view detection device is also equipped with an ambient light sensor that can collect the ambient light intensity in real time. When running, the device intelligently and adaptively adjusts the brightness of the display screen based on the real-time ambient light intensity value collected by the ambient light sensor, adapts to the ambient light occlusion effect and optimizes the observation experience, so that the presentation effect of the distant virtual image always meets the clinical testing standards.

[0054] Based on the real-time acquisition of ambient light intensity by the ambient light sensor, the main control module compares the acquired ambient light intensity with the preset light intensity threshold and adaptively adjusts the output brightness of the infrared fill light in the infrared eye tracking module. This method can dynamically match the fill light intensity according to changes in ambient light and darkness, effectively avoiding overexposure in strong light and noise interference in weak light, ensuring clear and stable infrared imaging of the eye with balanced texture levels. It provides a reliable image basis for eye feature recognition, gaze point calculation, and calibration and verification of two coaxial visual postures. At the same time, it improves eye tracking accuracy and working stability, and can also reasonably control power consumption and avoid discomfort to the human eye caused by excessive fill light.

[0055] The visual field testing equipment also includes an automatic eye occluder for monocular visual field testing scenarios. The automatic eye occluder can automatically block the non-test eye during the monocular visual field testing process, isolate the visual interference of the non-test eye, and ensure that the test eye can independently receive the optical path target signal and complete the test process independently. When it is necessary to test the left and right eyes separately, the automatic eye occluder is used to switch and occlude the test eye, block and protect the eye that has completed the test, and enable the visual field testing permission of the other test eye. The test process of sub-region division, fixed point movement, target display, response signal acquisition and data verification is fully reproduced. The entire process of independent testing of both eyes is traversed one by one according to the established rules. Finally, the monocular test data is integrated to generate visual field test reports for each eye separately.

[0056] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: This application is applied to a field of view detection device including a far-image screen, wherein the far-image screen includes a far-image optical module and a display screen, the far-image optical module includes a beam splitter, a freeform concave mirror, and a refractive compensation lens, the beam splitter is tilted between the display screen and the freeform concave mirror, and the refractive compensation lens is disposed in the outgoing light path between the beam splitter and the human eye; the method includes: dividing the central field of view of the human eye into multiple sub-regions, moving the fixation point to the center of the current sub-region, and displaying the current sub-region in full screen on the display screen, and sequentially displaying the field of view at different positions within the current sub-region. During the target observation process, the response signal of the detection object to the target when it fixates on the fixed point is collected; the fixed point is moved to the center of the next sub-region, and the process jumps back to the step of displaying the current sub-region in full screen in the effective display area of ​​the display screen, until the detection of all sub-regions is completed; the visual field detection result of the detection object is generated based on each of the response signals; wherein, the sub-region, the fixed point, and the target are displayed in the form of a distant virtual image, and the distant virtual image is formed by projecting the image light emitted from the display screen based on the beam splitter, the freeform concave mirror, and the refractive compensation lens. Therefore, this application is applied to a visual field testing device including a specially structured far-image screen. By tilting the beam splitter of the far-image optical module between the display screen and the freeform concave mirror, and placing the refractive compensation lens in the outgoing light path between the beam splitter and the human eye, the image light emitted from the display screen is projected using the aforementioned lens to form a far-distance virtual image. The required sub-regions, fixation points, and optotypes are all presented in the form of this far-distance virtual image. This satisfies the standard requirements for long-distance observation in clinical visual field testing, eliminating the need for traditional large solid screens or hemispherical shell structures, effectively reducing the device size, hardware costs, and installation space requirements. Simultaneously, the refractive compensation lens can adapt to test subjects with different refractive states, avoiding the inconvenience of test subjects needing to bring their own glasses, thus improving the applicability and testing comfort of the device. By dividing the central visual field of the human eye into multiple sub-regions, the fixation point is positioned... The device moves to the center of each sub-region and displays the current sub-region in full screen on the display screen. This achieves equivalent coverage of the entire central field of vision of the human eye with a small display screen, solving the problem that traditional small screens cannot meet the standard field of vision detection coverage requirements, while large screens would increase cost and size. By sequentially presenting the optotype and collecting the response signal of the detection object in the current sub-region in full-screen display state, and cyclically switching the fixed optotype to the next sub-region to repeat the detection steps, it ensures that there are no blind spots, overlaps or omissions in the detection of each sub-region, improving the integrity, stability and repeatability of field of vision detection. Finally, the detection result is generated based on all response signals. While simplifying the detection operation process and lowering the threshold for use, it ensures the accuracy and reliability of field of vision detection results. It breaks the limitation of traditional perimeters that can only be used in large hospitals, making the device suitable for use in community clinics, health check-up centers and homes.

[0057] The following section provides a detailed description of the field-of-view detection equipment. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the field of view detection device includes a far-image optical module, a display screen, a main control module, a mouse interaction module, a camera, and a voice prompt module. An ambient light sensor and an automatic eye occluder are optional. All modules work together to form a complete field of view detection system.

[0058] (1) Remote Image Optical Module: As the core imaging component, it adopts mature remote image screen technology and consists of a beam splitter, a freeform concave mirror, and a rotatable lens assembly (i.e., a refractive compensation lens). Its core function is to project the image from the display screen to form a remote virtual image with an equivalent distance of 3m to 6m, simulating the remote observation scenario required for clinical visual field testing. Among them, the beam splitter is a semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror with a transmittance and reflectance of 50%, and is tilted at 45° between the display screen and the freeform concave mirror to realize optical path redirection and imaging; the freeform concave mirror is used to reflect the light from the display screen to form a remote virtual image, ensuring uniform brightness and minimal distortion of the virtual image; the refractive compensation lens, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the frame includes a rear lens wheel for the main focus (1), a front lens wheel for the negative focus (2), a lens limiting point (3), a quick-release nut (4), a frame (5), temples (6), an interpupillary distance adjustment knob (7), lenses (8), nose pads (9), and an aperture (10). The rear lens wheel for the main focus has approximately two sets of lenses with negative power: 0.00D, -1.00D, -2.00D, and -3.00D. These can also be replaced with approximately two sets of lenses with negative power: 0.00D, +1.00D, +2.00D, and +3.00D. The front lens wheel for the negative focus has approximately two sets of lenses with negative power: 0.00D, -0.25D, -0.50D, and -0.75D. These can also be replaced with approximately two sets of lenses with negative power: 0.00D, +0.25D, +0.50D, and +0.75D. The lenses on the main focusing rear lens wheel and the negative focusing front lens wheel use lenses with the same symbol, allowing for the combination of different zoom compensation powers within a ±300 degree range, in 0.25D increments. The rotatable lens assembly, used to compensate for the visual impairment of the refractive error test subject, employs a dual-layer design, containing two sets of independently rotatable spherical lenses. Negative power lenses (for myopia compensation) and positive power lenses (for hyperopia compensation) are used simultaneously, covering ±300 degrees. By manually rotating the adjustment knob, the corresponding type of dual-layer lens rotates synchronously around the optical axis, achieving continuous adjustment of the refractive power and precisely matching the visual needs of different refractive error test subjects. The test can be completed without the subject wearing their own glasses.

[0059] like Figure 4As shown, the beam splitter is tilted between the display screen and the freeform concave mirror, and the refractive compensation lens is placed in the outgoing light path between the beam splitter and the human eye. Specifically, the light emitted from the display screen is transmitted to the semi-transparent and semi-reflective beam splitter tilted at 45°, and then the beam splitter redirects the light to the freeform concave mirror. The freeform concave mirror reflects and magnifies the light to form a distant virtual image. The reflected light is then projected back to the beam splitter, which redirects the reflected light to the human eye of the object being tested. The brain of the object being tested perceives a clear distant virtual image 3m to 6m away, thus achieving long-distance observation.

[0060] It is worth noting that the equivalent distance is positively correlated with the physical size of the required display screen; the smaller the equivalent distance, the smaller the required physical size of the screen. This embodiment, through fixed-viewpoint displacement technology, can dynamically adjust the number of fixed viewpoints and the sub-region division according to the equivalent distance and screen size. It can achieve complete coverage of the ±30° central field of view without increasing the screen size, effectively solving the technical pain point that small screen sizes cannot cover the entire field of view, while significantly reducing the size of the device and lowering costs.

[0061] (2) Display screen: A 10.1-15.6 inch LCD screen with a resolution ≥2K and adjustable brightness of 300-800 cd / m² is selected. The physical size of the screen is adapted to the equivalent distance of the far-image optical module. For example, when the equivalent distance is 5m, a 13.3-inch screen can achieve ±30° central field of view coverage through fixed viewpoint displacement, and the corresponding far-field virtual image size can reach 200 inches (16:9), which meets the clinical testing standards. The background brightness of the display screen is fixed at 10 cd / m², and the brightness of the target can be adjusted within the range of 0.1-1000 cd / m² according to the testing requirements to ensure the accuracy of the test results.

[0062] (3) Main control module: As the control core of the entire device, it adopts an ARM embedded chip or a Windows industrial computer, with built-in field of view detection program and posture recognition algorithm. It is electrically connected to the far-image optical module, display screen, mouse interaction module, camera, and voice prompt module, and is responsible for coordinating the collaborative work of each module. Its core control logic includes four aspects: First, controlling the collaborative work of the far-image optical module and the display screen to ensure the stable presentation of the far-distance virtual image and adjusting the display parameters according to the equivalent distance; Second, realizing the fixed viewpoint displacement to expand the field of view, dividing the ±30° complete central field of view into several sub-regions, such as Figure 5As shown, the fixed viewpoint is dynamically moved to the center of each sub-region, so that each sub-region fills the effective display area of ​​the screen, achieving a field of view coverage of multiple times the effective area of ​​a single small screen. Specifically, the dashed box represents the complete central field of view range of ±30°, which is divided into four sub-regions: A - upper left sub-region, B - upper right sub-region, C - lower left sub-region, and D - lower right sub-region. The field of view range of each sub-region is ±15°. The initial fixed viewpoint O0 is located at the center of the complete field of view and is marked by a circular highlight. O1, O2, O3, and O4 are the center fixed viewpoints of the four sub-regions, and the fixed viewpoints move at intervals of 18°. The arrows indicate the direction of movement of the fixed viewpoint (O0→O1→O2→O3→O4). Each time it moves to the center of a sub-region, that sub-region fills the effective display area of ​​the screen. Adjacent sub-regions have an 8° overlap area to avoid detection blind spots and achieve a field of view coverage equivalent to four times the area of ​​a single small screen. Third, it controls the visual target to be presented according to a preset program, collects the response signal of the mouse interaction module, and performs data processing and analysis. Fourth, it receives the sitting posture and eye position images of the detection object collected by the camera, identifies abnormal sitting postures through the built-in sitting posture recognition algorithm, controls the voice reminder module to issue corresponding prompts, and guides the detection object to adjust its sitting posture.

[0063] (4) Mouse interaction module: As the interaction medium between the detection object and the device, it replaces the traditional dedicated button handle, is simple to operate, low in cost, and suitable for all kinds of people. The mouse interaction module supports at least two response states, which can be set to "clear" for left click, "blurred" for right click, and "not clear" for no click. When the detection object sees the target during the detection process, it clicks the corresponding mouse button within the preset response time to provide feedback on the recognition result. The main control module records the field sensitivity data based on the mouse click signal to improve the detection accuracy.

[0064] (5) Camera: A high-definition USB camera with a resolution ≥1080P, a frame rate ≥30fps, and a lens focal length of 3.6~5mm is selected. It integrates an infrared eye-tracking module and is installed above the display screen or at the front of the device. The shooting angle is aimed at the upper body of the subject, and the shooting range covers the head and shoulders of the subject. It can clearly collect information such as the subject's body posture, head angle, and eye position, and transmit the collected image data to the main control module in real time for the main control module to perform sitting posture recognition and judgment. The shooting angle of the camera can be finely adjusted to adapt to subjects of different heights, ensuring that clear and effective sitting posture images are collected. At the same time, the images collected by the camera are only used for real-time sitting posture monitoring and are not stored to avoid privacy leakage and comply with relevant compliance requirements.

[0065] (6) Voice prompt module: It adopts a small full-range speaker with a rated power of 3W and a frequency response of 100Hz~18kHz. It is electrically connected to the main control module and has built-in preset voice prompts for posture adjustment, including "Please sit up straight and maintain a standard sitting posture", "Please do not look down and focus on the fixed point", "Your body is deviating, please adjust to be directly in front of the device", "Abnormal eye distance, please adjust your sitting posture", etc. The voice prompt module receives control commands from the main control module. When it detects an abnormal sitting posture of the detected object, it issues a voice prompt in real time to guide the detected object to adjust to a standard sitting posture. The voice volume can be manually adjusted or automatically adjusted according to the ambient noise intensity detected by the ambient light sensor. The adjustment range is 20~60dB to avoid the volume being too loud and interfering with the detection of the detected object, or the volume being too soft and causing the detected object to not be able to hear the prompt.

[0066] (7) Optional auxiliary modules: ambient light sensor and automatic eye shading device. The ambient light sensor model is BH1750, with a detection range of 0~65535lx. It detects the ambient light intensity in real time and feeds it back to the main control module. The main control module automatically adjusts the brightness of the display screen according to the ambient light intensity to avoid ambient light interference with the detection results. The automatic eye shading device is electric, with a switching time of ≤500ms. It is used for single-eye detection switching, eliminating the need for the detection object to manually cover its eyes, improving the convenience of detection and ensuring the accuracy of single-eye detection.

[0067] The hardware components of the field of view detection device are described in detail below: 1. Remote Image Optical Module: Utilizing mature remote image screen technology, it consists of a semi-transparent, semi-reflective beam splitter (50% transmittance / reflectance, 50×50mm in size), a freeform concave mirror (1200mm radius of curvature, 100mm aperture), and a rotatable lens assembly. The rotatable lens assembly has a double-layer structure, containing two sets of independently rotatable spherical lenses: a negative power lens group (power range -100 to -300 degrees) and a positive power lens group (power range +100 to +300 degrees). By manually rotating the adjustment knob, the corresponding type of double-layer lenses rotate synchronously, achieving continuous adjustment of the refractive power. It can project a remote virtual image from 3m to 6m, with virtual image brightness uniformity >90% and distortion <3%.

[0068] 2. Display screen: 13.3-inch 2K LCD screen, resolution 2560×1440, brightness 500cd / m², adjustable range 300~800cd / m², physical screen size 304×171mm, background brightness fixed at 10cd / m², after fixed viewpoint displacement expansion, the corresponding virtual image size at a distance of 5m is 200 inches (16:9), which can completely cover ±30° center field of view.

[0069] 3. Camera: High-definition USB camera, 1080P resolution, 30fps frame rate, 3.6mm lens focal length, integrated infrared eye tracking module, 2 megapixels, mounted in the center above the display screen, with the shooting angle tilted downwards at 15°, covering the head and shoulders of the detected object, connected to the main control module via USB 2.0 interface, transmitting image data in real time, without image storage function.

[0070] 4. Posture monitoring parameters (adapted to two visual coaxial standard sitting postures): The standard sitting posture judgment thresholds conform to the detection requirements of upright sitting posture with frontal coaxial vision and level gaze with center alignment posture. Specifically, the body tilt angle is ≤5°, the head tilt angle is ≤10°, the side face angle is ≤15°, and the distance between the eyes and the optical exit is 30-40cm. The abnormal sitting posture recognition response time is ≤100ms, and the voice reminder interval is 2 seconds (if the detected object does not adjust, the reminder will continue until the sitting posture meets the requirements of the two visual coaxial standard sitting postures).

[0071] 5. Main control module: Windows industrial PC, equipped with Intel Core i5-10400 processor, 8GB DDR4 memory, 128GB solid-state drive, supports USB 3.0 and network communication, built-in field of view detection software and posture recognition algorithm (based on OpenCV image recognition technology, can identify abnormal sitting postures such as bending over, looking down, turning the face to the side, and distance deviation, with a recognition response time ≤100ms), compatible with the center's 30-2 and 10-2 standard inspection programs, and can export PDF format inspection reports.

[0072] 6. Mouse interaction module: wired optical mouse with a button lifespan of ≥10 million clicks. The left button is set as the "clear" response button, the right button as the "fuzzy" response button, and no click is set as "not clear". The response time is set to 800ms, the response speed is ≤100ms, the operation is smooth, and it is suitable for all types of users.

[0073] 7. Auxiliary module: The ambient light sensor is model BH1750, with a detection range of 0~65535lx and an accuracy of ±1lx, providing real-time feedback of ambient light intensity; the automatic eye shader is electric, controlled by a micro servo motor, with a switching time of ≤500ms, supporting automatic eye shading for one eye, and can be switched via the main control module.

[0074] 8. Integrated light-shielding shell: made of ABS material, with a black light-absorbing coating inside. Dimensions: 55×38×48cm, weight: 12kg. Placed on a desktop, it effectively eliminates ambient light interference. The shell surface is equipped with a power switch, brightness adjustment knob, and volume adjustment knob for easy operation.

[0075] The software parameters of the field of view detection device are described in detail below: 1. Fixation point parameters: circular high-brightness mark, diameter 0.15° (5m distance virtual image viewing angle), brightness 20cd / m², background brightness 10cd / m², movement interval 18°, adjacent sub-regions overlap 8°, initial fixation point is located at ±30° field of view center, which facilitates the gaze positioning of the detected object.

[0076] 2. Optical target parameters: The default optical target is Goldmann III (0.43° viewing angle, virtual image diameter of 37.7mm at a distance of 5m), with a presentation time of 200ms, a brightness adjustment range of 0.1~1000cd / m², and a brightness step of 1dB. Optical targets of Goldmann I~V can be switched according to the detection requirements.

[0077] 3. Inspection procedure: Supports two standard modes: center 30-2 (2° spacing between points) and 10-2 (1° spacing between points). The size, brightness, presentation time and detection area of ​​the target can be customized to meet different clinical testing needs.

[0078] 4. Posture monitoring parameters: The standard posture judgment threshold is: body tilt angle ≤5°, head tilt angle ≤10°, face angle ≤15°, and eye position distance from optical exit 30~40cm; abnormal posture recognition response time ≤100ms, and voice reminder interval is 2 seconds (if the detected object does not adjust, the reminder will continue until the posture is normal).

[0079] 5. Report generation parameters: Automatically draws grayscale images, numerical images, and defect analysis images of the visual field, and marks the type and location of visual field defects. It supports PDF export and data archiving. The report includes basic information of the tested object, test parameters, visual field sensitivity data, defect analysis conclusions, etc., and meets clinical archiving requirements.

[0080] The visual field detection process is described below: 1. Device Startup: Turn on the power switch of the integrated light-shielding housing. The main control module starts up, and the far-image optical module, display screen, camera, voice prompt module, and ambient light sensor start up simultaneously. The ambient light sensor detects the current ambient light intensity and feeds it back to the main control module. The main control module automatically adjusts the brightness of the display screen to a suitable value (background brightness 10cd / m²). The camera begins to collect images of the sitting posture and eye position of the detected object in real time and transmits them to the main control module.

[0081] 2. Posture Calibration: The subject sits in front of the device and adjusts their posture to match either an upright, coaxial sitting posture or a centered, eye-level sitting posture. The main control module analyzes the images captured by the camera using a posture recognition algorithm. Combining the requirements of the two standard coaxial sitting postures, if the system detects that the subject is bending over, looking down (head angle > 10°), deviating from the front of the device (tilt angle > 5°), or has abnormal eye distance (deviation within 30-40cm), it immediately controls the voice prompt module to issue a corresponding voice prompt, such as "Please sit up straight and maintain a standard sitting posture." The subject adjusts their posture according to the prompt until the main control module recognizes that the posture conforms to one of the two standard coaxial sitting postures, and then proceeds to the initial positioning step.

[0082] 3. Initial Positioning: The main control module controls the display screen to show the initial fixation point (a circular high-brightness mark, 0.15° in diameter, with a brightness of 20 cd / m²). The initial fixation point is located at the center of the ±30° field of view. The subject looks at the initial fixation point and adapts for 1.5 seconds to complete the detection preparation. During this process, the camera continuously acquires images of the subject. If the subject's line of sight deviates from the fixation point by more than 5°, the voice prompt module will issue a prompt "Please look at the fixation point" to guide the subject to maintain a fixed gaze.

[0083] 4. Zone Detection: The main control module divides the complete ±30° central field of view into four sub-regions: upper left (A), upper right (B), lower left (C), and lower right (D). Each sub-region has a field of view of ±15°. The fixation point moves in the order of O0→O1→O2→O3→O4. Each time the fixation point moves, the test subject is given 1.5 seconds of fixation adaptation time. Then, the main control module controls the display screen to present the visual target (Goldmann III, presentation time 200ms, brightness adjustable) in the current sub-region according to the 30-2 program. After the test subject sees the visual target, they click the left mouse button within 800ms response time to indicate "clear" or "blurred". If no button is clicked, it is judged as "not clear".

[0084] 5. Response Acquisition: The main control module records the response signal, response time, and location information of each target in real time, marking sensitive points or missing points in the field of view; during this process, the camera continuously monitors the sitting posture of the target. If an abnormal sitting posture occurs, the voice reminder module issues a reminder in real time to ensure that the target maintains a standard sitting posture throughout the process; there is an 8° overlap area between adjacent sub-regions to avoid detection blind spots.

[0085] 6. Report Generation: After completing the detection of the four sub-regions, the main control module analyzes and processes the collected response data, removes abnormal data collected when the sitting posture is abnormal, draws grayscale maps, numerical maps and defect analysis maps of the visual field, marks the type of visual field defect, and generates a PDF format detection report, which can be exported via USB interface.

[0086] 7. Binocular switching: The main control module controls the automatic eye occluder to switch to the left eye and cover the right eye. Repeat steps 2 to 6 to complete the left eye visual field detection. After the detection is completed, the automatic eye occluder resets, generates visual field detection reports for each eye separately, and the detection ends. Turn off the power to the device.

[0087] The effectiveness of this application is compared with traditional visual field detection methods, as shown in Tables 1 and 2: Table 1

[0088] Table 2

[0089] This application has the following advantages: 1. Miniaturized, low-cost, and adaptable to multiple application scenarios: By projecting a small physical screen (10.1-15.6 inches) into a distant virtual image of 3m-6m through a far-image optical module, a large physical screen or hemispherical shell structure is not required. The device size is reduced to desktop level (≤60×40×50cm), the weight of the whole machine is ≤15kg, and the cost is only 1 / 15 to 1 / 30 of that of traditional perimeters. It can be widely used in various scenarios such as hospitals, community clinics, physical examination centers, and homes, solving the limitation of traditional perimeters that can only be used in large medical institutions.

[0090] 2. Resolving the contradiction between screen size and field of view coverage: By using fixed-viewpoint displacement technology and combining the correlation between equivalent distance and screen size, the complete ±30° central field of view is divided into several sub-regions. A single small screen can achieve equivalent field of view coverage of multiple areas. Standard central field of view detection can be completed without increasing the screen size, balancing detection accuracy and equipment size, and adapting to the usage requirements of different equivalent distances. This effectively solves the technical pain point that small screens cannot cover the complete field of view due to insufficient size.

[0091] 3. Simple operation and strong adaptability: Using a mouse as the interactive response device to replace the traditional dedicated button gamepad makes operation simple and easy to understand, suitable for various groups such as the elderly and children, and lowers the operation threshold; the far-image optical module integrates a rotatable double-layer lens assembly, which is suitable for subjects with ±300 degrees of farsightedness and myopia, and the test can be completed without the subject wearing their own glasses, expanding the applicable population; at the same time, it integrates camera posture monitoring and voice prompt functions, which can automatically guide the subject to maintain a standard sitting posture without manual supervision, further improving the convenience of operation.

[0092] 4. High detection accuracy, meeting clinical standards: The far-image optical module ensures brightness uniformity of the far-distance virtual image >90% and distortion <3%. The optotype adopts the Goldmann standard, and the fixed-viewpoint positioning is accurate. The overlapping design of adjacent sub-regions avoids detection blind spots. The camera monitors the subject's posture in real time, and voice prompts promptly correct abnormalities, ensuring that the subject's eyes are aligned with the optical path during the detection process. This effectively avoids distortion of detection results caused by abnormal posture. The detection results are consistent with traditional perimeters >95%, meeting clinical diagnostic requirements.

[0093] 5. Easy to maintain and promote: The device has no complex mechanical moving parts, has a simple structure, high reliability, and low maintenance cost; the device is plug-and-play, requiring no professional personnel for debugging, and ordinary users can quickly get started; at the same time, the images captured by the camera are only used for real-time posture monitoring and are not stored, which complies with relevant privacy protection requirements and facilitates subsequent medical device registration and market promotion.

[0094] See Figure 6 As shown, this application discloses a field of view detection device applied to a field of view detection equipment including a far-image screen. The far-image screen includes a far-image optical module and a display screen. The far-image optical module includes a beam splitter, a freeform concave mirror, and a refractive compensation lens. The beam splitter is tilted between the display screen and the freeform concave mirror, and the refractive compensation lens is disposed in the outgoing light path between the beam splitter and the human eye. The device includes: The signal acquisition module 11 is used to divide the central field of vision of the human eye into multiple sub-regions, move the fixation point to the center of the current sub-region, and display the current sub-region in full screen on the display screen. When the visual targets are displayed in different positions within the current sub-region, the module acquires the response signal of the detection object to the visual targets when it gazes at the fixation point. Jump module 12 is used to move the fixed viewpoint to the center of the next sub-region and jump back to the step of displaying the current sub-region in full screen on the display screen until the detection of all sub-regions is completed; Result generation module 13 is used to generate visual field detection results of the detected object based on each of the response signals; wherein, the sub-region, the fixed viewpoint and the target are displayed in the form of a distant virtual image, and the distant virtual image is formed by projecting the image light emitted by the display screen based on the beam splitter, the freeform concave mirror and the refractive compensation lens.

[0095] Furthermore, this application embodiment also provides a visual field detection device, which includes a far-image screen. The far-image screen includes a far-image optical module and a display screen. The far-image optical module includes a beam splitter, a freeform concave mirror, and a refractive compensation lens. The beam splitter is tilted between the display screen and the freeform concave mirror, and the refractive compensation lens is disposed in the outgoing light path between the beam splitter and the human eye; wherein, as... Figure 7 As shown, the field of view detection device 20 further includes: at least one processor 21, at least one memory 22, a power supply 23, a communication interface 24, an input / output interface 25, and a communication bus 26. The memory 22 stores a computer program, which is loaded and executed by the processor 21 to implement the relevant steps in the field of view detection method performed by an electronic device as disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0096] In this embodiment, the power supply 23 is used to provide operating voltage for various hardware devices on the electronic device; the communication interface 24 can create a data transmission channel between the electronic device and external devices, and the communication protocol it follows can be any communication protocol applicable to the technical solution of this application, and is not specifically limited here; the input / output interface 25 is used to acquire external input data or output data to the outside world, and its specific interface type can be selected according to specific application needs, and is not specifically limited here.

[0097] The processor 21 may include one or more processing cores, such as a quad-core processor or an octa-core processor. The processor 21 may be implemented using at least one hardware form selected from DSP (Digital Signal Processing), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), and PLA (Programmable Logic Array). The processor 21 may also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor, also known as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), is used to process data in the wake-up state; the coprocessor is a low-power processor used to process data in the standby state. In some embodiments, the processor 21 may integrate a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the screen. In some embodiments, the processor 21 may also include an AI (Artificial Intelligence) processor, which is used to handle computational operations related to machine learning.

[0098] In addition, the memory 22, as a carrier for resource storage, can be a read-only memory, random access memory, disk or optical disk, etc. The resources stored on it include operating system 221, computer program 222 and data 223, etc., and the storage method can be temporary storage or permanent storage.

[0099] The operating system 221 manages and controls the various hardware devices and computer programs 222 on the electronic device to enable the processor 21 to perform calculations and processing on the massive amounts of data 223 in the memory 22. The operating system can be Windows, Unix, Linux, etc. The computer program 222, in addition to including a computer program capable of performing the field-of-view detection method disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments, may further include computer programs capable of performing other specific tasks. The data 223 may include data received by the electronic device from external devices, as well as data collected by its own input / output interface 25.

[0100] Furthermore, this application also discloses a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program; wherein, when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the aforementioned disclosed field-of-view detection method. Specific steps of this method can be found in the corresponding content disclosed in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0101] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to in the method section.

[0102] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application. The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented directly in hardware, software modules executed by a processor, or a combination of both. The software module may be located in random access memory (RAM), memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), register, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory), or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

[0103] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0104] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of the field of view detection method, apparatus, device, and medium provided by the present invention. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only intended to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting a field of view, characterized in that, A field-of-view detection device including a far-image screen, wherein the far-image screen includes a far-image optical module and a display screen, the far-image optical module includes a beam splitter, a freeform concave mirror, and a refractive compensation lens, the beam splitter being tilted between the display screen and the freeform concave mirror, and the refractive compensation lens being disposed in the outgoing light path between the beam splitter and the human eye; the method includes: The human eye's central field of vision is divided into multiple sub-regions. The fixation point is moved to the center of the current sub-region, and the current sub-region is displayed in full screen on the display screen. When visual targets are displayed sequentially at different positions within the current sub-region, the response signals of the detection object to the visual targets when it gazes at the fixation point are collected. Move the fixed viewpoint to the center of the next sub-region and jump back to the step of displaying the current sub-region in full screen on the display screen until all sub-regions have been detected; The visual field detection result of the detected object is generated based on each of the response signals; The sub-region, the fixed viewpoint, and the target are displayed as a distant virtual image, which is formed by projecting the image light emitted from the display screen based on the beam splitter, the freeform concave mirror, and the refractive compensation lens.

2. The field of view detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of projecting image light emitted from the display screen to form a distant virtual image using the beam splitter, the freeform concave mirror, and the refractive compensation lens includes: The image light emitted by the display screen is transmitted through the beam splitter and then incident on the freeform concave mirror. The image light is reflected by the freeform concave mirror to form reflected light. Then, the beam splitter reflects the reflected light and passes it through the refractive compensation lens to form a distant virtual image.

3. The field of view detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before moving the fixed viewpoint to the center of the current sub-region, the method further includes: The initial fixation point is displayed on the display screen so that the detection object maintains a fixation state on the fixation point, thus completing the fixation localization; wherein, the display position of the initial fixation point is the center position of the human eye's central visual field.

4. The field of view detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The field-of-view detection device further includes a camera and an infrared eye-tracking module; correspondingly, the method further includes: The current sitting posture image and current eye position image of the detected object captured by the camera are used to perform upright, forward-looking, coaxial sitting posture calibration to generate a first calibration result. If the first calibration result indicates that the sitting posture or eye position of the detected object does not meet the preset forward-looking, coaxial sitting posture requirements, a preset reminder operation is triggered to remind the detected object to adjust its sitting posture and / or eye position. Alternatively, the current sitting posture image and current eye position image of the detected object acquired by the infrared eye tracking module are used to perform a head-level center alignment sitting posture calibration to generate a second calibration result. If the second calibration result indicates that the sitting posture or eye position of the detected object does not meet the preset head-level center alignment sitting posture requirements, a preset reminder operation is triggered to remind the detected object to adjust its sitting posture and / or eye position.

5. The field of view detection method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of generating the field-of-view detection result of the detected object based on each of the response signals includes: Each of the aforementioned response signals is sequentially determined as the current response signal; If the detected object does not meet the preset coaxial sitting posture requirement or the preset center-aligned sitting posture requirement when it responds to the current response signal, then the current response signal is determined to be an abnormal response signal. Abnormal response signals are removed from each of the response signals to obtain the removed response signals, and the field of view detection result of the detection object is generated based on the removed response signals.

6. The field of view detection method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The response signal is a valid response signal generated when the field of view detection device receives a signal fed back through the mouse button within a preset response time, or a non-response signal generated when it does not receive a signal fed back through the mouse button within the preset response time. The process of collecting and detecting the response signal of the target to the fixation point also includes: Record the response time of the response signal and the position information of the target, and mark the visual field sensitive points and visual field defects of the detected object; Record the sitting posture and gaze deviation time sequence data of the detection object, and associate the first calibration result or the second calibration result of the detection object with each response signal; Accordingly, generating the field-of-view detection result of the detected object based on each of the response signals includes: Based on each of the response signals and the corresponding response time, location information, visual field sensitive points, and visual field defect points, a visual field grayscale map, a visual field numerical map, and a visual field defect analysis map are drawn, and the visual field defect type is marked in the visual field defect analysis map.

7. The field of view detection method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that, The visual field detection device further includes an ambient light sensor for acquiring ambient light intensity and an automatic eye occluder for automatically blocking the non-detection eye and ensuring that the detection eye is measured alone during monocular visual field detection; correspondingly, the method further includes: The brightness of the display screen is adjusted according to the ambient light intensity collected by the ambient light sensor; The output brightness of the infrared fill light in the infrared eye-tracking module is adjusted according to the ambient light intensity collected by the ambient light sensor.

8. A field of view detection device, characterized in that, A field-of-view detection device including a far-image screen, wherein the far-image screen includes a far-image optical module and a display screen, the far-image optical module includes a beam splitter, a freeform concave mirror, and a refractive compensation lens, the beam splitter being tilted between the display screen and the freeform concave mirror, and the refractive compensation lens being disposed in the outgoing light path between the beam splitter and the human eye; the device includes: The signal acquisition module is used to divide the central field of vision of the human eye into multiple sub-regions, move the fixation point to the center of the current sub-region, and display the current sub-region in full screen on the display screen. When the visual targets are displayed in different positions within the current sub-region, the module acquires the response signal of the detection object to the visual targets when it gazes at the fixation point. The jump module is used to move the fixed viewpoint to the center of the next sub-region and jump back to the step of displaying the current sub-region in full screen on the display screen until the detection of all sub-regions is completed; The result generation module is used to generate the field of view detection result of the detected object based on each of the response signals; The sub-region, the fixed viewpoint, and the target are displayed as a distant virtual image, which is formed by projecting the image light emitted from the display screen based on the beam splitter, the freeform concave mirror, and the refractive compensation lens.

9. A field of view detection device, characterized in that, The field of view detection device includes a far-image screen, which comprises a far-image optical module and a display screen. The far-image optical module includes a beam splitter, a freeform concave mirror, and a refractive compensation lens. The beam splitter is tilted between the display screen and the freeform concave mirror, and the refractive compensation lens is positioned in the outgoing light path between the beam splitter and the human eye. The field of view detection device also includes: Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor for executing the computer program to implement the steps of the field-of-view detection method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, Used to store a computer program; wherein, when executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the field of view detection method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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