Low-power multi-channel electrocardio-muscle computer electric comprehensive acquisition system and method thereof

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a low-power multi-channel electrocardio-muscle computer electric comprehensive acquisition system and method thereof, the system comprising: an analog front-end module for filtering and amplifying processing of the collected corresponding physiological electrical signals to obtain corresponding analog physiological signals; an analog-to-digital conversion module for synchronously converting the received analog physiological signals into corresponding digital signals; a core control module electrically connected to the analog front-end module and the analog-to-digital conversion module, controlling signal acquisition, data processing and communication transmission; a data buffer module for temporarily storing the digital signals and performing batch write operation after the buffered data reaches a preset threshold; a power management module electrically connected to the analog front-end module, the analog-to-digital conversion module, the core control module and the data buffer module respectively, for providing independent controllable power supply channels for each functional module, and performing on-demand power-on control according to the current acquisition task requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of biomedical signal acquisition technology, specifically to a low-power, multi-channel integrated electrocardiogram (ECG), electromyogram (EEG), and electromyogram (EMG) acquisition system and method. This disclosure features ultra-low power consumption as its core advantage, supporting a wearable system for the simultaneous acquisition of physiological electrical signals such as ECG, EEG, and EMG, making it suitable for long-term continuous monitoring scenarios (7×24 hours). Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of wearable medical devices and remote health monitoring technologies, long-term continuous physiological signal monitoring has demonstrated significant application value in fields such as chronic disease management, sports medicine, sleep monitoring, and high-risk occupational health surveillance. Electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), and electromyography (EMG), as three core types of physiological electrical signals, respectively reflect cardiac electrical activity, the functional state of the central nervous system, and the contractile characteristics of skeletal muscle. Their simultaneous acquisition is crucial for the comprehensive assessment of human physiological status.

[0003] However, existing multi-channel physiological signal acquisition devices generally suffer from the following technical defects: First, low power consumption and long battery life are difficult to balance. Most commercial devices have a battery life of less than 72 hours in continuous monitoring mode, which is insufficient to meet the clinical needs of 24 / 7 long-term monitoring. This is mainly because traditional devices typically employ a continuous full-module power supply strategy. Regardless of whether a certain type of signal is actually being collected, all analog front-ends, converters, and communication modules remain powered on, resulting in high static power consumption.

[0004] Second, energy consumption is severely wasted when multiple modules work together. When simultaneously acquiring multiple physiological signals, each channel operates independently and lacks a unified power consumption scheduling mechanism. For example, the Bluetooth radio frequency module frequently wakes up to maintain a real-time connection, and the Flash memory uses a byte-by-byte or sample-by-sample-point writing method, resulting in frequent memory operation power consumption. These fragmented high-frequency operations significantly increase the overall system energy consumption.

[0005] Third, there is a technical conflict between synchronous acquisition and low-power design. High synchronization accuracy usually relies on high-frequency sampling clocks and high-speed data processing capabilities, but high-speed operation often means high power consumption. Existing technical solutions often ensure synchronization accuracy by improving hardware performance, but neglect power consumption optimization, making it difficult for synchronous acquisition systems to work for extended periods in battery-powered wearable scenarios.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive acquisition system that can achieve ultra-low power consumption and ultra-long battery life by ensuring the accuracy of multi-channel synchronous acquisition through system-level hardware architecture innovation and software power management algorithm optimization. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this disclosure proposes a low-power multi-channel electrocardiogram / myocardial / computational electrocardiogram (ECG / MCMA) integrated acquisition system and method to solve at least one of the aforementioned technical problems. The technical solution adopted in this disclosure is as follows: In a first aspect, this disclosure provides a low-power, multi-channel electrocardiogram / myocardial / computer-controlled electrocardiogram (ECG / MCC) integrated acquisition system, the system comprising: The analog front-end module includes an electrocardiogram (ECG) acquisition channel, an electroencephalogram (EEG) acquisition channel, and an electromyogram (EMG) acquisition channel, which are used to filter and amplify the acquired corresponding physiological electrical signals to obtain the corresponding analog physiological signals. An analog-to-digital converter module, electrically connected to the analog front-end module, is used to synchronously convert the received analog physiological signals into corresponding digital signals; the analog-to-digital converter module includes analog-to-digital converters corresponding to the ECG acquisition channel, EEG acquisition channel and EMG acquisition channel respectively, and the analog-to-digital converters together constitute a multi-channel synchronous sampling architecture; The core control module is electrically connected to the analog front-end module and the analog-to-digital conversion module to control signal acquisition, data processing and communication transmission. A data caching module, electrically connected to the core control module, is used to temporarily store the digital signals and perform batch write operations after the cached data reaches a preset threshold; the data caching module includes a Flash memory. The power management module is electrically connected to the analog front-end module, analog-to-digital conversion module, core control module and data cache module respectively, and is used to provide an independent and controllable power supply channel for each functional module, and to perform on-demand power-on control according to the current acquisition task requirements; The core control module is configured to: when performing a signal acquisition task, power the power management module to power on only the functional modules required for the acquisition task, and control the corresponding functional modules to enter a power-off or deep sleep state during non-acquisition periods; at the same time, the core control module dynamically adjusts the acquisition rate of each acquisition channel according to the signal type and clinical monitoring needs to balance monitoring accuracy and system energy consumption.

[0008] Optionally, in the simulated front-end module: The ECG acquisition channel includes an instrumentation amplifier, a right leg drive circuit, and a bandpass filter network, used to extract millivolt-level ECG signals and suppress common-mode interference; The EEG acquisition channel includes a high input impedance buffer, a low noise amplifier, and a power frequency notch filter, used to acquire microvolt-level EEG signals; The electromyography (EMG) acquisition channel, including a differential input amplifier and a bandpass filter, is used to acquire millivolt-level EMG signals and filter out motion artifacts. The output terminals of the ECG acquisition channel, EEG acquisition channel, and EMG acquisition channel are respectively connected to the corresponding analog-to-digital converters of the analog-to-digital conversion module.

[0009] Optionally, the dynamic adjustment of the acquisition rate includes: The core control module has multiple preset sampling rate configuration files, each corresponding to the standard clinical sampling requirements for different signal types: the ECG acquisition channel is configured with the first standard sampling rate, the EEG acquisition channel is configured with the second standard sampling rate, and the EMG acquisition channel is configured with the third standard sampling rate. In single-mode monitoring mode, the core control module only turns on the corresponding acquisition channel and operates at the standard sampling rate configured for that acquisition channel, while turning off the power supply to the other acquisition channels. In the multimodal synchronous monitoring mode, the core control module weights and allocates the sampling rate of each acquisition channel according to the importance level of the current monitoring scenario.

[0010] Optionally, the dynamic adjustment of the acquisition rate may further include: Establish signal quality assessment metrics, including signal-to-noise ratio and baseline drift. When the signal quality of a certain acquisition channel is consistently better than the preset high-quality threshold, the core control module automatically reduces the sampling rate of that acquisition channel while maintaining the complete acquisition of the effective components of the signal. When a signal quality degradation or pathological waveform is detected, the core control module automatically restores the acquisition channel to the standard sampling rate to ensure the accuracy of abnormal signal capture.

[0011] Optionally, the core control module includes a Bluetooth radio frequency module, which broadcasts messages and issues commands to remotely control the operation and shutdown of each acquisition channel and analog-to-digital converter.

[0012] Optionally, the core control module is further configured to execute an adaptive power scheduling algorithm, including: Establish a task queue and classify monitoring tasks according to priority and signal type; During task execution intervals, the readiness status of each functional module is queried. If a functional module is not scheduled within a preset time, the power supply to that functional module is cut off through the power management module. Based on historical data traffic, predict the communication demand for the next period and dynamically adjust the broadcast interval and connection interval of the Bluetooth radio frequency module, extending the radio frequency sleep time when the data volume is low.

[0013] Optionally, the batch write operation of the data caching module may include: Page buffers are partitioned in the Flash memory, and the core control module writes the acquired digital signals into the page buffers in chronological order. When the amount of data in the page cache reaches the single-page storage capacity or the preset cache time window, a Flash physical page write operation is triggered to write the cached data in batches to the non-volatile storage area. Between two consecutive batch write operations, the analog-to-digital conversion module and the core control module are in normal working condition, while the Flash memory remains in an idle waiting state when no write operation is triggered.

[0014] Optionally, the power management module includes: Multiple load switches are connected in series in the power supply path of each functional module. The core control module controls the on and off of each load switch to achieve independent power management for each functional module. DC-DC converters are used to convert battery voltage into the operating voltage required by each functional module; The power monitoring unit is used to monitor the remaining power in real time and trigger a low-power mode when the power is lower than a preset threshold. The low-power mode includes reducing the acquisition rate, shutting down unnecessary functional modules and / or channels, and extending the batch write cycle.

[0015] Optionally, it further includes a time synchronization module, the time synchronization module comprising: A shared clock source is used to provide a unified sampling clock to the analog-to-digital conversion module, ensuring that the sampling times of each channel in the multi-channel synchronous sampling architecture are strictly aligned. The sampling trigger unit, integrated into the core control module, is used to output working trigger signals to each acquisition channel and analog-to-digital converter respectively; The timestamp unit is used to append uniform timestamp information to the header of each batch of data packets to align the processing time of the three types of physiological electrical signals: electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), and electromyogram (EMG).

[0016] A second aspect of this disclosure provides a low-power, multi-channel electrocardiogram / myocardial / computational electrocardiogram (ECG / MCMA) integrated acquisition method, the method comprising the following steps: S1 Power-on Initialization: The system is powered on and initialized. The core control module loads configuration parameters, and the power management module defaults to other functional modules being in the off state. S2 determines the acquisition task: The acquisition task is determined according to the user instruction or the preset monitoring protocol. The core control module determines the type of physiological electrical signal to be acquired and the corresponding acquisition channel according to the acquisition task, and turns on the analog front-end module and the analog-to-digital conversion module through the power management module. S3 executes data acquisition: The analog front-end module and the analog-to-digital conversion module work together to synchronously sample multiple physiological signals under a shared clock synchronization. The analog-to-digital conversion module then transmits the obtained digital signal to the core control module. S4 Cache Batch Write: The core control module stores the received digital signal into the data cache module and monitors the cache data volume. When the cache data volume reaches the single page capacity or the cache time window, the core control module controls the data cache module to perform a batch write operation to store the cache data into the non-volatile storage area. S5 Sampling Rate Control: The core control module determines whether to dynamically adjust the sampling rate of each acquisition channel based on the current task load and battery status: if the battery power is sufficient and in multi-modal synchronization mode, the standard sampling rate of each acquisition channel is maintained; if the power is below the threshold or in single-modal mode, the sampling rate of non-critical acquisition channels is reduced or the corresponding acquisition channel is turned off. S6 Data Packet Transmission: When the wireless transmission conditions are met, the core control module wakes up the Bluetooth radio frequency module, packages the batch data stored in Flash and sends it to the external terminal via the Bluetooth protocol. After the transmission is completed, the radio frequency module enters sleep mode. S7 Terminate data acquisition: If the data acquisition task is detected to be completed or a stop data acquisition command is received, the core control module controls the power management module to shut down all functional modules, and the system enters deep sleep mode; otherwise, it means that the data acquisition task has not been completed and still needs to continue, and the process returns to step S2.

[0017] Optionally, in step S2: Before powering on the analog front-end module, the core control module first detects the electrode contact impedance of each acquisition channel; If electrode detachment or impedance exceeding the limit is detected, the acquisition channel will remain off and an anomaly will be reported to avoid unnecessary power consumption. The acquisition channel is powered on and physiological electrical signals are acquired only when the electrodes are in good contact.

[0018] In a third aspect, this disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the low-power multi-channel electrocardiogram-myocardial-computer electrophysiological integrated acquisition method as described above.

[0019] In a fourth aspect, this disclosure provides an electronic device including a processor and a memory, the processor being configured to execute a computer program stored in the memory to implement the low-power multi-channel electrocardiogram-myocardial-computer electrophysiological integrated acquisition method as described above.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this disclosure are as follows: This disclosure provides a low-power, multi-channel electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), and electromyogram (EMG) integrated acquisition system and method. Through a collaborative architecture of various functional modules, it achieves low-power, synchronous, and integrated acquisition of three types of physiological electrical signals: ECG, EEG, and EMG. In this disclosure, the power management module provides an independent and controllable power supply channel for each functional module. The core control module controls the power management module to power on each functional module as needed, supplying power only when required for the acquisition task. During non-acquisition periods, the functional modules are powered off or placed in deep sleep mode, eliminating static power consumption. This balances low power consumption with long battery life, thereby meeting the clinical needs of 24 / 7 long-term monitoring.

[0021] In this disclosure, based on the different frequency band characteristics of ECG, EEG, and EMG signals, a dynamic adjustment mechanism for the acquisition rate is introduced to balance medical-grade performance and energy consumption. The ADC chip integrates a multi-channel PGA (Programmable Gain Amplifier). The core control module 300, based on the user-selected monitoring mode (e.g., monitoring only ECG), actively power-downs idle acquisition channels, analog-to-digital converters, or functional modules via register write instructions. This avoids unnecessary energy consumption and computational resource waste, and enables data acquisition according to scenario requirements, achieving a unified power consumption scheduling mechanism for each functional module.

[0022] This disclosure also allows for signal quality assessment based on signal-to-noise ratio and baseline drift. When signal quality is high, the system automatically reduces speed to save energy; when an anomaly is detected, it restores the standard rate, thus optimizing power consumption and performance without requiring increased hardware performance to ensure synchronization accuracy. Specifically, the data caching module uses Flash page caching for batch writing, avoiding the power consumption of frequent point-by-point writing operations; the Bluetooth RF module dynamically adjusts the broadcast interval based on historical data traffic prediction, waking up only during transmission and immediately going to sleep upon completion. A shared clock source and unified sampling trigger ensure strict time alignment across multiple channels, while timestamp marking achieves time synchronization for three types of signal processing; electrode contact impedance detection prevents invalid power-ups, further improving system reliability and battery life, and reducing power consumption optimization, ensuring that this disclosure can operate for extended periods in battery-powered wearable scenarios.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: (1) Ultra-low power consumption and ultra-long battery life: The core control module controls the power management module to power on each functional module as needed, supplying power to specific functional modules only when necessary, avoiding the static power consumption waste caused by continuous power supply to all modules in traditional solutions. Combined with the Flash batch write operation to reduce storage operation power consumption and the dynamic intermittent working mode of the Bluetooth RF module, the overall power consumption is significantly reduced, achieving continuous monitoring battery life of more than 7×24 hours, breaking through the 72-hour battery life bottleneck of existing devices.

[0024] (2) No reduction in synchronization accuracy: Although this disclosure adopts an aggressive power consumption control strategy, the present invention ensures the time synchronization accuracy of multi-channel sampling through a shared clock source and a unified sampling triggering mechanism. The ADC chip can quickly enter a stable working state after the multi-functional module is woken up on demand. Its synchronous sampling architecture is not affected by the power consumption management strategy, ensuring that the time alignment accuracy of the three types of physiological electrical signals, ECG, EEG and EMG, meets the needs of clinical analysis.

[0025] (3) Flexible multimodal configuration: By configuring two working modes, namely single-modal independent monitoring and multimodal synchronous monitoring, users can flexibly configure according to actual clinical or application scenarios. In single-modal mode, unrelated channels are completely powered off, further saving energy consumption; in multimodal mode, the optimal balance between accuracy and power consumption is achieved through dynamic sampling rate adjustment.

[0026] (4) High reliability and intelligence: By configuring an adaptive power consumption scheduling algorithm combined with electrode contact impedance detection, invalid acquisition and power waste of poor contact channels can be avoided; the sampling rate adaptive adjustment driven by signal quality assessment not only ensures the capture accuracy of abnormal signals, but also automatically reduces power consumption during signal stability, realizing intelligent energy consumption management. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this disclosure. The illustrative embodiments of this disclosure and their descriptions are used to explain this disclosure and do not constitute an undue limitation of this disclosure.

[0028] Figure 1 This is an architecture diagram of a low-power multi-channel electrocardiogram and myocardial electrophysiological integrated acquisition system as described in Embodiment 1 of this disclosure.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a low-power multi-channel electrocardiogram and myocardial electrophysiological integrated acquisition method according to Embodiment 2 of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present application can be combined with each other.

[0031] The following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further detailed explanation of this disclosure. Unless otherwise specified, all technical terms used in this disclosure have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terminology used in this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this disclosure.

[0032] Example 1: like Figure 1As shown, this disclosure provides a low-power, multi-channel electrocardiogram / myocardial / computer-controlled electrocardiogram (ECG / MCMA) integrated acquisition system, the system comprising: The analog front-end module 100 includes an electrocardiogram (ECG) acquisition channel, an electroencephalogram (EEG) acquisition channel, and an electromyogram (EMG) acquisition channel, which are used to filter and amplify the acquired corresponding physiological electrical signals to obtain the corresponding analog physiological signals. The analog-to-digital conversion module 200 is electrically connected to the analog front-end module 100 and is used to synchronously convert the received analog physiological signals into corresponding digital signals. The analog-to-digital conversion module 200 includes analog-to-digital converters corresponding to the electrocardiogram acquisition channel, the electroencephalogram acquisition channel and the electromyogram acquisition channel, respectively. The analog-to-digital converters together constitute a multi-channel synchronous sampling architecture. The core control module 300 is electrically connected to the analog front-end module 100 and the analog-to-digital conversion module 200 to control signal acquisition, data processing and communication transmission. The data cache module 400 is electrically connected to the core control module 300 and is used to temporarily store the digital signals and perform batch write operations after the cached data reaches a preset threshold; the data cache module 400 includes a Flash memory; The power management module 500 is electrically connected to the analog front-end module 100, the analog-to-digital conversion module 200, the core control module 300, and the data cache module 400, respectively, and is used to provide an independent and controllable power supply channel for each functional module, and to perform on-demand power-on control according to the current acquisition task requirements. The core control module 300 is configured to: when performing a signal acquisition task, power the power management module 500 to power on only the functional modules required for the acquisition task, and control the corresponding functional modules to enter a power-off or deep sleep state during non-acquisition periods; at the same time, the core control module 300 dynamically adjusts the acquisition rate of each acquisition channel according to the signal type and clinical monitoring needs to balance monitoring accuracy and system energy consumption.

[0033] Furthermore, in the analog front-end module 100: The ECG acquisition channel includes an instrumentation amplifier, a right leg drive circuit, and a bandpass filter network, used to extract millivolt-level ECG signals and suppress common-mode interference; The EEG acquisition channel includes a high input impedance buffer, a low noise amplifier, and a power frequency notch filter, used to acquire microvolt-level EEG signals; The electromyography (EMG) acquisition channel, including a differential input amplifier and a bandpass filter, is used to acquire millivolt-level EMG signals and filter out motion artifacts. The output terminals of the ECG acquisition channel, EEG acquisition channel, and EMG acquisition channel are respectively connected to the corresponding analog-to-digital converters of the analog-to-digital conversion module 200.

[0034] Furthermore, the instrumentation amplifier can be selected from chips such as AD8232 or equivalent performance.

[0035] Furthermore, the bandpass filter network includes a high-pass filter and a low-pass filter.

[0036] Furthermore, the ECG acquisition channel can acquire surface ECG signals through standard ECG electrodes (RA, LA, LL) and output amplified and filtered analog physiological signals to the analog-to-digital conversion module 200.

[0037] Furthermore, in the analog-to-digital conversion module 200, the analog-to-digital converter can be an ADC chip such as the Texas Instruments ADS1298 or Analog Devices ADAS1000 series. All analog-to-digital converters can share the same external crystal oscillator-provided clock signal and can communicate with the core control module 300 via the SPI bus.

[0038] Furthermore, a programmable gain amplifier (PGA) can be built into the ADC chip to further adjust the gain of the physiological electrical signal.

[0039] Furthermore, the dynamic adjustment of the acquisition rate includes: The core control module 300 has multiple preset sampling rate configuration files, which correspond to the standard clinical sampling requirements of different signal types: the ECG acquisition channel is configured with the first standard sampling rate, the EEG acquisition channel is configured with the second standard sampling rate, and the EMG acquisition channel is configured with the third standard sampling rate. In single-mode monitoring mode, the core control module 300 only turns on the corresponding acquisition channel and operates at the standard sampling rate configured for that acquisition channel, while turning off the power supply to the other acquisition channels. In the multimodal synchronous monitoring mode, the core control module 300 weights and allocates the sampling rate of each acquisition channel according to the importance level of the current monitoring scenario.

[0040] In single-modal monitoring mode, since only a single acquisition channel is working, there is no need to dynamically adjust its acquisition rate. Therefore, the corresponding acquisition channel can acquire physiological electrical signals according to its configured standard sampling rate.

[0041] In multimodal synchronous monitoring mode, the sampling rates of each acquisition channel are weighted and allocated to dynamically adjust their sampling rates according to actual needs, adapting to the specific monitoring scenario. For example, all physiological signals can be divided into critical signals and auxiliary signals. Acquisition channels corresponding to critical signals maintain the standard sampling rate, while those corresponding to auxiliary signals are reduced to the basic sampling rate. For instance, if EEG signals are classified as critical signals, and ECG and EMG signals as auxiliary signals, the EEG acquisition channel still acquires EEG signals at the second standard sampling rate, the ECG acquisition channel acquires ECG signals at 0.4 times the first standard sampling rate, and the EMG acquisition channel acquires EMG signals at 0.6 times the third standard sampling rate.

[0042] Furthermore, the dynamic adjustment of the acquisition rate may also include: Establish signal quality assessment metrics, including signal-to-noise ratio and baseline drift. When the signal quality of a certain acquisition channel is consistently better than the preset high-quality threshold, the core control module 300 automatically reduces the sampling rate of that acquisition channel while maintaining the complete acquisition of the effective components of the signal. When a signal quality degradation or pathological waveform is detected, the core control module 300 automatically restores the acquisition channel to the standard sampling rate to ensure the accuracy of abnormal signal capture.

[0043] The reason lies in the different frequency band characteristics of ECG, EEG, and EMG signals. A dynamic acquisition rate adjustment mechanism is introduced to balance medical-grade performance and energy consumption. The ADC chip integrates a multi-channel PGA (Programmable Gain Amplifier). The core control module 300, based on the user-selected monitoring mode (e.g., ECG monitoring only), actively powers down idle acquisition channels, analog-to-digital converters, or functional modules via register write instructions. This avoids unnecessary energy consumption and computational resource waste, and enables data acquisition according to the needs of the scenario.

[0044] In applications requiring full-modal high-fidelity operation (such as during critical monitoring periods of arrhythmia or muscle spasms), the sampling rate of the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) can be increased (1000Hz-2000Hz) to capture subtle high-frequency electromyography (EMG) and electroencephalography (EEG) features. In regular long-duration cruise modes (such as monitoring baseline heart rate during sleep), the ADC sampling rate can be reduced (e.g., 250Hz-300Hz), which can correspondingly lengthen the deep sleep cycle of the core control module 300 and the broadcast interval (Connection Interval) of the Bluetooth RF module. Dynamically lowering the sampling rate reduces the number of SPI communications, computational burden, and broadcast transmissions. Furthermore, to avoid instantaneous current overload and unnecessary power consumption caused by multiple peripherals operating simultaneously, power-off or power-limiting operations can be performed on idle functional modules, acquisition channels, and ADCs.

[0045] Furthermore, the core control module 300 includes a Bluetooth radio frequency module, which broadcasts messages and issues commands to remotely control the operation and shutdown of each acquisition channel and analog-to-digital converter.

[0046] Furthermore, the core control module 300 is also configured to execute an adaptive power scheduling algorithm, including: Establish a task queue and classify monitoring tasks according to priority and signal type; During task execution intervals, the readiness status of each functional module is queried. If a functional module is not scheduled within a preset time, the power supply to that functional module is cut off through the power management module 500. Based on historical data traffic, predict the communication demand for the next period and dynamically adjust the broadcast interval and connection interval of the Bluetooth radio frequency module, extending the radio frequency sleep time when the data volume is low.

[0047] Furthermore, the Bluetooth radio frequency module can be configured to forcibly shut down the CPU core and high-frequency external crystal oscillator (HFXO, 64MHz) of the core control module 300 during non-data processing periods, retaining only the low-frequency internal / external clock (LFXO, 32.768kHz) to run the RTC real-time clock and interrupt controller, thus putting the system in an extremely low-power System ON sleep mode.

[0048] Furthermore, the batch write operation of the data caching module 400 may include: Page buffers are partitioned in the Flash memory, and the core control module 300 writes the acquired digital signals into the page buffers in chronological order. When the amount of data in the page cache reaches the single-page storage capacity or the preset cache time window, a Flash physical page write operation is triggered to write the cached data in batches to the non-volatile storage area. Between two consecutive batch write operations, the analog-to-digital conversion module 200 and the core control module 300 are in normal working condition, while the Flash memory remains in an idle waiting state when no write operation is triggered.

[0049] By implementing batch write operations, the system addresses the pain point of extremely high power consumption (operating current can reach 50-100mA) when reading and writing large-capacity storage devices such as SD cards. It achieves cache batch processing management, avoids repeated read and write operations, and thus further reduces power consumption.

[0050] Furthermore, the data caching module 400 can also adopt a RAM-level large-capacity pooled cache, which does not directly write the collected electrocardiogram, electroencephalogram, electromyogram and other physiological electrical signals to the SD card, but first allocates a large-capacity buffer pool (such as a 4KB buffer block) in the RAM of the main control chip.

[0051] Furthermore, the power management module 500 includes: Multiple load switches are connected in series in the power supply path of each functional module. The core control module 300 controls the on and off of each load switch to realize independent power management of each functional module. DC-DC converters are used to convert battery voltage into the operating voltage required by each functional module; The power monitoring unit is used to monitor the remaining power in real time and trigger a low-power mode when the power is lower than a preset threshold. The low-power mode includes reducing the acquisition rate, shutting down unnecessary functional modules and / or channels, and extending the batch write cycle.

[0052] Furthermore, it also includes a time synchronization module, which comprises: A shared clock source is used to provide a unified sampling clock to the analog-to-digital conversion module 200, ensuring that the sampling times of each channel in the multi-channel synchronous sampling architecture are strictly aligned. The sampling trigger unit, integrated in the core control module 300, is used to output working trigger signals to each acquisition channel and analog-to-digital converter respectively. The timestamp unit is used to append uniform timestamp information to the header of each batch of data packets to align the processing time of the three types of physiological electrical signals: electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), and electromyogram (EMG).

[0053] In the implementation of this disclosure, in order to avoid instantaneous current overload and unnecessary power consumption caused by the simultaneous operation of multiple functional modules, acquisition channels, analog-to-digital converters and other peripheral devices, the system can also be configured with a mutual exclusion power-on state machine to avoid instantaneous current overload or unnecessary energy loss. The mutual exclusion power-on state machine can be implemented with reference to existing technologies.

[0054] Example 2: like Figure 2 As shown, in a second aspect, this disclosure provides a low-power, multi-channel electrocardiogram / myocardial / computational electrocardiogram (ECG / MCMA) integrated acquisition method, the method comprising the following steps: S1 Power-on Initialization: The system is powered on for initialization. The core control module 300 loads configuration parameters, and the power management module 500 defaults to other functional modules being in the off state. S2 determines the acquisition task: The acquisition task is determined according to the user instruction or the preset monitoring protocol. The core control module 300 determines the type of physiological electrical signal to be acquired and the corresponding acquisition channel according to the acquisition task, and turns on the analog front-end module 100 and the analog-to-digital conversion module 200 through the power management module 500. S3 executes data acquisition: The analog front-end module 100 and the analog-to-digital conversion module 200 work together to synchronously sample multiple physiological signals under a shared clock synchronization. The analog-to-digital conversion module 200 transmits the obtained digital signal to the core control module 300. S4 Cache Batch Write: The core control module 300 stores the received digital signal into the data cache module 400 and monitors the cache data volume. When the cache data volume reaches the single page capacity or the cache time window, the core control module 300 controls the data cache module 400 to perform a batch write operation to store the cache data into the non-volatile storage area. S5 Sampling Rate Control: The core control module 300 determines whether to dynamically adjust the sampling rate of each acquisition channel based on the current task load and battery status: if the battery power is sufficient and in multi-modal synchronization mode, the standard sampling rate of each acquisition channel is maintained; if the power is below the threshold or in single-modal mode, the sampling rate of non-critical acquisition channels is reduced or the corresponding acquisition channel is turned off. S6 Data Packet Transmission: When the wireless transmission conditions are met, the core control module 300 wakes up the Bluetooth radio frequency module, packages the batch data stored in Flash and sends it to the external terminal via the Bluetooth protocol. After the transmission is completed, the radio frequency module enters sleep mode. S7 Terminate data acquisition: If the data acquisition task is detected to be completed or a stop data acquisition command is received, the core control module 300 controls the power management module 500 to shut down all functional modules, and the system enters deep sleep mode; otherwise, it means that the data acquisition task has not been completed and still needs to continue, and the process returns to step S2.

[0055] Optionally, in step S2: Before powering on the analog front-end module 100, the core control module 300 first detects the electrode contact impedance of each acquisition channel; If electrode detachment or impedance exceeding the limit is detected, the acquisition channel will remain off and an anomaly will be reported to avoid unnecessary power consumption. The acquisition channel is powered on and physiological electrical signals are acquired only when the electrodes are in good contact.

[0056] Example 3: Embodiment 3 of this disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the low-power multi-channel electrocardiogram and myocardial electrophysiological integrated acquisition method as described in Embodiment 1.

[0057] The computer-readable storage medium includes volatile or non-volatile, removable or non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storing information (such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, computer program modules, or other data). Computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to, RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM (Read-Only Memory), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory), DVD or other optical disc storage, cartridges, magnetic tapes, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired information and is accessible to a computer.

[0058] Example 4: Embodiment 4 of this disclosure provides an electronic device, which includes a processor and a memory. The processor is used to execute a computer program stored in the memory to implement the low-power multi-channel electrocardiogram and myocardial electrophysiological integrated acquisition method described in Embodiment 1.

[0059] Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code, recording media, USB flash drives, portable hard drives, magnetic disks, optical disks, computer memory, and read-only memory (ROM).

[0060] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this disclosure can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this disclosure can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this disclosure can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0061] This disclosure is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this disclosure. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create a machine for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0062] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0063] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0064] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this disclosure. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0065] In summary, the low-power multi-channel electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), and electromyogram (EMG) integrated acquisition system and method provided in embodiments 1-4 of this disclosure achieve low-power synchronous integrated acquisition of three types of physiological electrical signals through a collaborative architecture of various functional modules. In this disclosure, the power management module provides an independent and controllable power supply channel for each functional module, and the core control module controls the power management module to power on each functional module as needed, supplying power only when required for the acquisition task, and controlling the functional modules to be powered off or in deep sleep during non-acquisition periods, eliminating static power consumption, thereby balancing low power consumption and long battery life, and thus meeting the clinical needs of 24 / 7 long-term monitoring.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure and not to limit them. Although this disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of this disclosure. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of this disclosure should be covered within the protection scope of the claims of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A low-power, multi-channel electrocardiogram / myocardial / computer-controlled electrocardiogram (ECG / MCMA) integrated acquisition system, characterized in that: The system includes: The analog front-end module (100) includes an electrocardiogram acquisition channel, an electroencephalogram acquisition channel and an electromyogram acquisition channel, which are used to filter and amplify the acquired corresponding physiological electrical signals to obtain the corresponding analog physiological signals. An analog-to-digital converter (200) is electrically connected to the analog front-end module (100) and is used to synchronously convert the received analog physiological signals into corresponding digital signals. The analog-to-digital converter (200) includes analog-to-digital converters corresponding to the electrocardiogram acquisition channel, the electroencephalogram acquisition channel and the electromyogram acquisition channel, respectively. The analog-to-digital converters together constitute a multi-channel synchronous sampling architecture. The core control module (300) is electrically connected to the analog front-end module (100) and the analog-to-digital conversion module (200) to control signal acquisition, data processing and communication transmission. A data cache module (400) is electrically connected to the core control module (300) and is used to temporarily store the digital signals and perform batch write operations after the cached data reaches a preset threshold; the data cache module (400) includes a Flash memory; The power management module (500) is electrically connected to the analog front-end module (100), analog-to-digital conversion module (200), core control module (300) and data cache module (400) respectively, and is used to provide an independent and controllable power supply channel for each functional module, and to perform on-demand power-on control according to the current acquisition task requirements; The core control module (300) is configured to: when performing a signal acquisition task, power the power management module (500) to power on only the functional modules required for the acquisition task, and control the corresponding functional modules to enter a power-off or deep sleep state during non-acquisition periods; at the same time, the core control module (300) dynamically adjusts the acquisition rate of each acquisition channel according to the signal type and clinical monitoring needs to balance monitoring accuracy and system energy consumption.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the analog front-end module (100): The ECG acquisition channel includes an instrumentation amplifier, a right leg drive circuit, and a bandpass filter network, used to extract millivolt-level ECG signals and suppress common-mode interference; The EEG acquisition channel includes a high input impedance buffer, a low noise amplifier, and a power frequency notch filter, used to acquire microvolt-level EEG signals; The electromyography (EMG) acquisition channel, including a differential input amplifier and a bandpass filter, is used to acquire millivolt-level EMG signals and filter out motion artifacts. The output terminals of the ECG acquisition channel, EEG acquisition channel, and EMG acquisition channel are respectively connected to the corresponding analog-to-digital converters of the analog-to-digital conversion module (200).

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic adjustment of the acquisition rate includes: The core control module (300) has multiple preset sampling rate configuration files, which correspond to the standard clinical sampling requirements of different signal types: the ECG acquisition channel is configured with the first standard sampling rate, the EEG acquisition channel is configured with the second standard sampling rate, and the EMG acquisition channel is configured with the third standard sampling rate. In single-mode monitoring mode, the core control module (300) only turns on the corresponding acquisition channel and operates at the standard sampling rate configured for that acquisition channel, while turning off the power supply to the other acquisition channels; In the multimodal synchronous monitoring mode, the core control module (300) weights and allocates the sampling rate of each acquisition channel according to the importance level of the current monitoring scenario.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The dynamic adjustment of the acquisition rate also includes: Establish signal quality assessment metrics, including signal-to-noise ratio and baseline drift. When the signal quality of a certain acquisition channel is consistently better than the preset high-quality threshold, the core control module (300) automatically reduces the sampling rate of that acquisition channel while maintaining the complete acquisition of the effective components of the signal; When a signal quality degradation or pathological waveform is detected, the core control module (300) automatically restores the acquisition channel to the standard sampling rate to ensure the accuracy of abnormal signal capture.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core control module (300) includes a Bluetooth radio frequency module, which broadcasts messages and issues commands to remotely control the operation and shutdown of each acquisition channel and analog-to-digital converter.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The core control module (300) is also configured to execute an adaptive power scheduling algorithm, including: Establish a task queue and classify monitoring tasks according to priority and signal type; During task execution intervals, the readiness status of each functional module is queried. If a functional module is not scheduled within a preset time, the power supply to that functional module is cut off through the power management module (500). Based on historical data traffic, predict the communication demand for the next period and dynamically adjust the broadcast interval and connection interval of the Bluetooth radio frequency module, extending the radio frequency sleep time when the data volume is low.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The batch write operation of the data caching module (400) includes: Page buffers are divided in the Flash memory, and the core control module (300) writes the acquired digital signals into the page buffers in chronological order. When the amount of data in the page cache reaches the single-page storage capacity or the preset cache time window, a Flash physical page write operation is triggered to write the cached data in batches to the non-volatile storage area. Between two consecutive batch write operations, the analog-to-digital conversion module (200) and the core control module (300) are in normal working condition, while the Flash memory remains in an idle waiting state when no write operation is triggered.

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power management module (500) includes: Multiple load switches are connected in series in the power supply path of each functional module. The core control module (300) controls the on and off of each load switch to realize independent power management of each functional module. DC-DC converters are used to convert battery voltage into the operating voltage required by each functional module; The power monitoring unit is used to monitor the remaining power in real time and trigger a low-power mode when the power is lower than a preset threshold.

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a time synchronization module, which includes: A shared clock source is used to provide a unified sampling clock to the analog-to-digital conversion module (200) to ensure that the sampling times of each channel in the multi-channel synchronous sampling architecture are strictly aligned. The sampling trigger unit, integrated in the core control module (300), is used to output working trigger signals to each acquisition channel and analog-to-digital converter respectively; The timestamp unit is used to append uniform timestamp information to the header of each batch of data packets to align the processing time of the three types of physiological electrical signals: electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), and electromyogram (EMG).

10. A low-power multi-channel physiological signal acquisition method based on the system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1 Power-on initialization: The system is powered on for initialization. The core control module (300) loads configuration parameters, and the power management module (500) defaults to other functional modules being in the off state. S2 determines the acquisition task: The acquisition task is determined according to the user instruction or the preset monitoring protocol. The core control module (300) determines the type of physiological electrical signal to be acquired and the corresponding acquisition channel according to the acquisition task, and turns on the analog front-end module (100) and the analog-to-digital conversion module (200) through the power management module (500). S3 executes data acquisition: The analog front-end module (100) and the analog-to-digital conversion module (200) work together to synchronously sample multiple physiological signals under a shared clock synchronization. The analog-to-digital conversion module (200) transmits the obtained digital signal to the core control module (300). S4 Cache Batch Write: The core control module (300) stores the received digital signal into the data cache module (400) and monitors the cache data volume. When the cache data volume reaches the single page capacity or the cache time window, the core control module (300) controls the data cache module (400) to perform a batch write operation to store the cache data into the non-volatile storage area. S5 Sampling Rate Control: The core control module (300) determines whether to dynamically adjust the sampling rate of each acquisition channel based on the current task load and battery status: if the battery power is sufficient and in multi-modal synchronization mode, the standard sampling rate of each acquisition channel is maintained; if the power is below the threshold or in single-modal mode, the sampling rate of non-critical acquisition channels is reduced or the corresponding acquisition channel is turned off. S6 Data Packet Transmission: When the wireless transmission conditions are met, the core control module (300) wakes up the Bluetooth radio frequency module, packages the batch data stored in Flash and sends it to the external terminal through the Bluetooth protocol. After the transmission is completed, the radio frequency module enters sleep mode. S7 Whether to terminate the acquisition: If the acquisition task is detected to be completed or a stop acquisition command is received, the core control module (300) controls the power management module (500) to shut down all functional modules, and the system enters deep sleep; otherwise, it means that the acquisition task has not been completed and still needs to continue, and return to step S2.

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