A kind of integrated surgical treatment system for treating scar wound microskin grafting

Abstract

This invention discloses an integrated surgical treatment system for microparticle skin grafting in the treatment of scar wounds, belonging to the field of scar wound treatment technology. It includes the following modules: a skin harvesting and preparation module for collecting skin grafts and preparing them into a microparticle suspension with a target concentration; a gas-liquid mixing and delivery module for mixing the microparticle suspension with a protective solution in a set ratio and delivering it to the spray end; an atomized transplantation module; an in-situ fixation and film formation module; and a central control module. This invention utilizes the dielectrophoretic force generated by electrostatic field targeting to drive microparticles to actively migrate towards the wound and fill microscopic depressions, effectively eliminating aggregated accumulation and bare edges, reducing microparticle distribution unevenness by more than 40%. Combined with the dual anchoring of in-situ fibrin glue and a dynamic borate ester crosslinking membrane, the microparticles are firmly fixed to the implantation site, resisting postoperative exudate erosion and bandage displacement, increasing the microparticle skin survival rate from 50%-65% to 85%-90%, significantly improving the stability of the transplantation effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of scar wound treatment technology, and more specifically, to an integrated surgical treatment system for treating scar wounds using microparticle skin grafting. Background Technology

[0002] Microparticle skin grafting is a common technique for treating scar wounds, but existing techniques have many shortcomings. In the preparation stage, traditional manual skin cutting or simple skin fragmentation machines result in poor uniformity of microparticle diameter. Shearing heat and excessive traction reduce skin graft activity by 30%-40%, and the suspension contains a large number of non-functional keratin debris, occupying effective implantation sites and reducing the actual utilization rate of functional microparticles. In the transplantation stage, clinical practice generally uses syringes or forceps for "blind" distribution, resulting in uneven aggregation and distribution of microparticles on the wound surface. Furthermore, the lack of active targeting and fixation mechanisms makes them prone to displacement due to postoperative exudation and bandaging, resulting in a long-term survival rate of only 50%-65%. In addition, the processes of skin harvesting, skin preparation, transplantation, and covering are fragmented, requiring repeated switching between different instruments. This not only prolongs the operation time and increases the risk of contamination, but also lacks a systematic closed-loop monitoring and feedback mechanism from preparation quality to transplantation effect and postoperative healing. This makes it impossible to adjust and remedy the situation in real time, severely restricting the controllability and stability of the transplantation effect.

[0003] Therefore, we have made improvements to this and proposed an integrated surgical treatment system for treating scar wounds using microparticle skin grafts. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems in the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated surgical treatment system for treating scar wounds by microparticle skin grafting.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: it includes the following modules: The skin preparation module is used to collect skin pieces and prepare them into a microparticle suspension with a target concentration; A gas-liquid mixing and conveying module is used to mix the microparticle suspension and protective liquid in a set ratio and convey them to the injection end; The atomized transplantation module is used to atomize the mixed suspension into droplets carrying microparticles and project them directionally onto the wound. In-situ fixation film-forming module is used to form a dynamically cross-linked fixation film on the surface of the projected microparticles; The central control module is used to receive sensor feedback signals from each module and drive the corresponding execution units according to the feedback signals to form a concentration closed loop, a distance closed loop, and a coverage evaluation closed loop.

[0006] Preferably, the skin preparation module specifically includes a cutting execution unit, a constant temperature control unit, and a concentration monitoring unit; the cutting execution unit obtains a uniformly thick skin sheet through reciprocating cutting action and cuts the skin sheet into microparticles; the constant temperature control unit maintains the temperature of the cutting and storage environment within a set low temperature range to reduce mechanical damage; the concentration monitoring unit measures the absorbance of the suspension in real time with a fixed optical path and wavelength and outputs a concentration characterization value; the skin preparation module also specifically includes a surface acoustic wave-based sorting unit, which uses a traveling wave sound field to apply differentiated radiation forces to microparticles of different densities and sizes in the suspension, causing active composite microparticles to separate from low-activity fragments along different flow paths, and guiding the active microparticles to the input end of the gas-liquid mixing and conveying module.

[0007] Preferably, the gas-liquid mixing and delivery module includes a protective liquid storage unit, a flow driving unit, and a proportioning mixing unit; the protective liquid storage unit is pre-filled with a liquid protective medium containing albumin; the flow driving unit extracts the protective liquid at a controllable rate and delivers it to the first inlet of the proportioning mixing unit; the second inlet of the proportioning mixing unit receives the microparticle stream from the skin preparation module; the proportioning mixing unit adjusts the flow ratio of the two inlets according to the instructions of the central control module, and outputs the mixed suspension to the atomization transplantation module after the pressure pulsation is smoothed by the buffer unit.

[0008] Preferably, the atomized transplantation module includes an atomizing jet unit, a gas supply regulation unit, a distance monitoring unit, an electric field active guidance unit, and a plasma processing unit. The gas supply regulation unit depressurizes external high-pressure gas to its working pressure and then sends it to the atomizing jet unit. The atomizing jet unit utilizes the velocity difference between the high-speed airflow and the suspension flow to tear the suspension into atomized droplets carrying microparticles. The distance monitoring unit measures the distance from the jet outlet to the wound surface in real time and feeds the distance signal back to the central control module. The central control module adjusts the output pressure of the gas supply regulation unit according to the signal to maintain a constant jet coverage diameter. The electric field active guidance unit constructs a non-uniform gradient electric field in front of the jet outlet, causing the charged microparticles to be subjected to dielectroporation force. The force accelerates migration toward the wound surface due to the action of the electrophoretic force, which is expressed as: ; in The absolute dielectric constant of the protective liquid, The equivalent radius of the particle. For the real part of the Clausius-Mossotti factor, The square gradient of the root mean square value of the electric field is the distance along the jet axis. Changes satisfy ,in For effective voltage, The equivalent distance from the electric field source to the jet outlet; the plasma processing unit is located downstream of the electric field active guidance unit.

[0009] Preferably, the in-situ fixation film-forming module includes a dual-component storage unit, a synchronous injection unit, a static mixing unit, and a fan-shaped spray unit. The dual-component storage unit respectively contains a first solution containing fibrinogen and a second solution containing thrombin and a phenylboronic acid-modified polymer. The synchronous injection unit, triggered by the central control module, simultaneously pushes the two solutions into the static mixing unit at a set speed. The static mixing unit uses an internal alternating torsion structure to ensure thorough mixing of the two solutions. The fan-shaped spray unit covers the surface of the implanted microparticles with the mixture in a fan-shaped mist. Fibrinogen and thrombin in the mixture polymerize to form a fibrin network with the participation of calcium ions in the wound. Simultaneously, the phenylboronic acid-modified polymer undergoes dynamic cross-linking with the o-diphenol groups in the solution, forming an intelligent dynamic membrane whose cross-linking degree adapts to the pH of the wound. The intelligent dynamic membrane contains an oxygen partial pressure sensitive indicator, which displays different colors according to the oxygen partial pressure under the membrane.

[0010] Preferably, the central control module includes a main control unit, a human-machine interaction unit, a data storage unit, a signal acquisition unit, and a drive output unit. The main control unit receives concentration signals from the skin preparation module, distance signals from the atomization transplantation module, and image signals from the in-situ fixation film-forming module / additional camera unit through the signal acquisition unit. The main control unit has a built-in concentration closed-loop adjustment algorithm that calculates the rotation speed correction of the flow drive unit according to the proportional-integral-derivative law based on the deviation between the measured concentration and the target concentration, so as to keep the suspension concentration constant at the target value. The main control unit also has a built-in spray distance compensation algorithm that calculates the pressure correction value of the air supply adjustment unit based on the deviation between the measured distance and the reference distance, combined with the feedforward correction, to keep the spray coverage diameter constant. The main control unit further has a built-in coverage visual evaluation logic that converts the acquired wound image to a specific color space, extracts positive pixels of microparticles, and calculates the overall coverage and the local coverage of each grid. When the coverage is lower than a preset threshold, the defect area is automatically marked and supplementary spray control parameters are generated. The drive output unit converts the calculation results of the main control unit into drive signals for each actuator.

[0011] Preferably, in the surface acoustic wave-based sorting unit, the surface acoustic waves are excited by interdigital transducers and form a standing wave sound field in the flow channel. The nodes and antinodes of the standing waves are distributed in concentric rings on the cross-section of the flow channel. The flow channel branches into a central main flow and a sidewall branch flow downstream of the sound field action area. Particles of different sizes and densities are subjected to different magnitudes of acoustic radiation force in the sound field. The complete composite particles, due to their high density and large radius, are bound to the central node region and transported with the main flow. Low-density impurities such as keratin fragments are pushed to the sidewall antinode region and discharged with the branch flow, thereby achieving continuous enrichment of active particles.

[0012] Preferably, the oxygen partial pressure sensitive indicator contained in the intelligent dynamic membrane changes color when the oxygen partial pressure under the membrane changes. The image acquisition unit connected to the central control module acquires a color image of the membrane surface, and the central control module extracts the grayscale ratio of the red and green channels from the image. This ratio satisfies the following relationship with the partial pressure of oxygen under the membrane: ; in This is the sensitivity coefficient. For reference oxygen partial pressure, The baseline correction coefficient; the central control module according to Values ​​used to determine the state of submucosal tissue: when When the blood pressure falls below the first threshold, it is considered ischemia and hypoxia, and a red alert is issued; when... When the perfusion is above the second threshold, it is considered good and a normal signal is displayed; when When the infection level is between the two thresholds and the pH of the wound is below the infection threshold, it is considered an early infection and a yellow warning is issued.

[0013] Preferably, the borate crosslinking density ηη in the intelligent dynamic membrane changes dynamically with the pH value of the wound exudate, and its changing pattern conforms to the logistic model: ; in For the maximum theoretical crosslinking density, The equilibrium dissociation constant of the borate ester bond. This refers to the real-time pH of the wound exudate; when the exudate... When the value decreased from the normal value of 7.4 to the edema state of 6.2, As the energy modulus decreases from 0.85 to 0.25, the membrane's storage modulus correspondingly decreases, and its flexibility increases to accommodate wound swelling and deformation; when When restored to 7.4, The modulus rebounded to 0.85, restoring the membrane to a higher modulus to provide stable anchoring.

[0014] Preferably, the central control module further includes a postoperative monitoring unit and an automatic re-intervention control unit. After transplantation, the postoperative monitoring unit continuously receives signals from the image acquisition unit and the temperature monitoring unit, calculates the submembrane oxygen partial pressure and its changing trend in real time, and compares it with a preset normal healing curve. When the oxygen partial pressure remains below a critical value or the rate of decrease exceeds an alarm threshold, the postoperative monitoring unit issues a delayed intervention prompt. The automatic re-intervention control unit, when the visual assessment logic determines that the overall coverage is below 95% or any local grid is below 85%, automatically extracts the centroid coordinates of all non-compliant grids and plans the re-spraying sequence, while simultaneously adjusting the re-intervention according to the degree of damage using a correction coefficient. Adjust the injection pressure, among which To measure the local coverage rate, The local reference threshold is 85%; the re-intervention control unit drives the atomization transplantation module to perform targeted re-spraying on the defective area. During the re-spraying, the distance monitoring signal is received in real time to maintain a constant implantation density. After the re-spraying is completed, the coverage assessment is re-triggered. This cycle continues until all grids meet the standard, forming a complete fully automatic closed-loop control.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Through the synergistic effect of constant temperature low-temperature rotary cutting and continuous grading and sieving by surface acoustic waves, the active damage caused by heat generation and traction in traditional shearing methods is effectively avoided. At the same time, the grading and sieving technology efficiently separates active composite microparticles with intact dermal components from non-functional keratin debris, increasing the proportion of functional microparticles in the suspension from 45% to 98%. Under the same donor area, it can cover a larger recipient wound area and significantly reduce additional damage to the donor area.

[0016] 2. By utilizing the dielectrophoretic force generated by electrostatic field targeting, microparticles are driven to actively migrate towards the wound and fill microscopic depressions, effectively eliminating aggregated accumulation and bare areas at the edges, reducing the uneven distribution of microparticles by more than 40%. Combined with the dual anchoring of in-situ fibrin glue and dynamic borate ester crosslinking membrane, the microparticles are firmly fixed to the implantation site, resisting postoperative exudate erosion and bandage displacement, increasing the survival rate of microparticle skin from 50%-65% to 85%-90%, significantly improving the stability of transplantation results.

[0017] 3. The original multiple procedures of skin harvesting, skin preparation, transplantation, and covering are integrated into a single-handed operation, which reduces the risk of contamination from instrument transfer. Through optical concentration sensors, laser rangefinders, and RGB visual evaluation modules, a closed-loop system is constructed, from monitoring the preparation concentration and spraying distance compensation to automatic coverage verification and respray correction. The oxygen partial pressure sensitive indicator in the intelligent dynamic membrane after surgery can continuously reflect the healing microenvironment, providing early warning of infection or ischemia 24-36 hours in advance. This transforms the traditional experience-based surgery into a digital precision transplantation platform with real-time perception, autonomous decision-making, and timely intervention capabilities, fundamentally solving the fundamental defects of the disconnect between preparation quality and transplantation effect, and the disconnect between intraoperative operation and postoperative monitoring of the incision. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This application provides an architecture diagram of an integrated surgical treatment system for treating scar wounds using microparticle skin grafts. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] A surgical system for treating scar wounds using microparticle skin grafting, comprising the following modules: The skin preparation module is used to collect skin pieces and prepare them into a microparticle suspension with a target concentration; The gas-liquid mixing and conveying module is used to mix the microparticle suspension and the protective liquid in a set ratio and convey them to the injection end; The atomized transplantation module is used to atomize the mixed suspension into droplets carrying microparticles and project them directionally onto the wound. In-situ fixation film-forming module is used to form a dynamically cross-linked fixation film on the surface of the projected microparticles; The central control module receives sensor feedback signals from each module and drives the corresponding execution units based on the feedback signals to form a concentration closed loop, a distance closed loop, and a coverage assessment closed loop.

[0021] Furthermore, the skin preparation module specifically includes a cutting execution unit, a temperature control unit, and a concentration monitoring unit. The cutting execution unit obtains uniformly thick skin sheets through reciprocating cutting motions and cuts the skin sheets into microparticles. The temperature control unit maintains the temperature of the cutting and storage environment within a set low temperature range to reduce mechanical damage. The concentration monitoring unit measures the absorbance of the suspension in real time with a fixed optical path and wavelength and outputs the concentration characterization value. The skin preparation module also specifically includes a surface acoustic wave-based sorting unit. This sorting unit uses a traveling wave sound field to apply differentiated radiation forces to microparticles of different densities and sizes in the suspension, causing active composite microparticles to separate from low-activity fragments along different flow paths, and guiding the active microparticles to the input end of the gas-liquid mixing and delivery module. The temperature control unit is set at 4℃±0.5℃, the concentration monitoring unit operates at a wavelength of 600nm and an optical path of 0.5cm, the reciprocating frequency range of the cutting execution unit is 60-120Hz, and the sorting unit operates at a frequency of 20MHz.

[0022] Furthermore, the gas-liquid mixing and delivery module includes a protective liquid storage unit, a flow drive unit, and a proportioning mixing unit. The protective liquid storage unit is pre-filled with a liquid protective medium containing albumin. The flow drive unit extracts the protective liquid at a controllable rate and delivers it to the first inlet of the proportioning mixing unit. The second inlet of the proportioning mixing unit receives the microparticle stream from the skin preparation module. The proportioning mixing unit adjusts the flow ratio of the two inlets according to the instructions of the central control module, and outputs the mixed suspension to the atomization transplantation module after the pressure pulsation is smoothed by the buffer unit. The mass-volume ratio of albumin in the protective liquid is 2%-4%, the output accuracy of the flow drive unit is ±2%, the calibration value of the flow ratio is microparticle volume: protective liquid volume = 1:3, and the buffer unit ensures that the output pressure fluctuation is ≤0.005MPa.

[0023] Furthermore, the atomized transplantation module includes an atomizing jet unit, a gas supply regulation unit, a distance monitoring unit, an electric field active guidance unit, and a plasma processing unit. The gas supply regulation unit depressurizes external high-pressure gas to the working pressure and then sends it to the atomizing jet unit. The atomizing jet unit utilizes the velocity difference between the high-speed airflow and the suspension flow to tear the suspension into atomized droplets carrying microparticles. The distance monitoring unit measures the distance from the jet outlet to the wound surface in real time and feeds the distance signal back to the central control module. The central control module adjusts the output pressure of the gas supply regulation unit according to this signal to maintain a constant jet coverage diameter. The electric field active guidance unit constructs a non-uniform gradient electric field in front of the jet outlet, causing the charged microparticles to be subjected to dielectroporation force. Due to the action of the force, they migrate faster towards the wound surface; the dielectrophoretic force is expressed as: ; in The absolute dielectric constant of the protective liquid, The equivalent radius of the particle. For the real part of the Clausius-Mossotti factor, The square gradient of the root mean square value of the electric field is the distance along the jet axis. Changes satisfy ,in For effective voltage, The equivalent distance from the electric field source to the jet outlet; the plasma processing unit is located downstream of the electric field active guidance unit, utilizing bypass gas to generate a low-temperature plasma jet layer. This jet layer performs instantaneous physical sterilization and reversible electroporation of cell membranes on the passing atomized droplets; the operating pressure range is 0.2-0.4 MPa, the distance monitoring unit has a measurement accuracy of ±0.1 mm and a sampling frequency of 1 kHz, the electric field frequency is 1 MHz, the field strength is 2.5-5.0 V / cm, the plasma jet layer thickness is 2 mm, the rotation temperature is ≤34℃, the excitation power of the plasma processing unit is 3 W, and the frequency is 10 kHz. The concentration of reactive oxygen species in the plasma jet layer is determined by a semi-empirical formula. Estimate, of which The conversion efficiency coefficient is 1.2 × 10⁻⁶. -4 mol / J, For excitation power, For bypass gas flow rate, The average velocity of the jet is denoted as .

[0024] Furthermore, the in-situ fixation film-forming module includes a two-component storage unit, a synchronous injection unit, a static mixing unit, and a fan-shaped spray unit. The two-component storage unit respectively contains a first solution containing fibrinogen and a second solution containing thrombin and a phenylboronic acid-modified polymer. The synchronous injection unit, triggered by the central control module, simultaneously pushes the two solutions into the static mixing unit at a set speed. The static mixing unit uses an internal alternating torsion structure to thoroughly mix the two solutions. The fan-shaped spray unit covers the surface of the implanted microparticles with the mixture in a fan-shaped mist. Fibrinogen and thrombin in the mixture polymerize to form a fibrin network with the participation of calcium ions in the wound. Simultaneously, the phenylboronic acid-modified polymer reacts with the o-diphenol groups in the solution. Dynamic cross-linking of borate esters occurs, forming an intelligent dynamic membrane whose degree of cross-linking adapts to the pH of the wound. The intelligent dynamic membrane contains an oxygen partial pressure sensitive indicator, which is used to present different colors according to the oxygen partial pressure under the membrane. The first solution contains 3% fibrinogen by mass / volume, 1% tranexamic acid, and 20 mmol / L calcium chloride. The second solution contains 500 IU / mL thrombin, 40 mmol / L calcium chloride, and the concentration of the phenylboronic acid modified polymer is 2% w / v, with a molecular weight of 2000 Da and a degree of substitution of 85%. The final concentration of the indicator is 0.1% w / v. The synchronous injection rate is 0.5-1.5 mL / min, the fan-shaped spray angle is 120°, and the initial thickness of the dynamic membrane is 0.10 mm ± 0.02 mm.

[0025] Furthermore, the central control module includes a main control unit, a human-machine interaction unit, a data storage unit, a signal acquisition unit, and a drive output unit. The main control unit receives concentration signals from the skin preparation module, distance signals from the atomization transplantation module, and image signals from the in-situ fixation film-forming module / additional camera unit via the signal acquisition unit. The main control unit incorporates a concentration closed-loop adjustment algorithm, calculating the rotational speed correction of the flow drive unit based on the deviation between the measured concentration and the target concentration using a proportional-integral-derivative law, to keep the suspension concentration constant at the target value. The main control unit also incorporates a spray distance compensation algorithm, calculating the pressure correction value of the air supply adjustment unit based on the deviation between the measured distance and the reference distance, combined with the feedforward correction, to maintain a constant spray coverage diameter. The system further incorporates built-in coverage visual evaluation logic, which converts the acquired wound image to a specific color space, extracts positive microparticle pixels, and calculates the overall coverage and local coverage of each grid. When the coverage is lower than a preset threshold, it automatically marks the defective area and generates respray control parameters. The drive output unit converts the calculation results of the main control unit into drive signals for each actuator. The concentration adjustment features a proportional gain of 0.85, an integral gain of 0.12, and a derivative gain of 0.05, with a sampling period of 200ms. The distance compensation features a feedforward gain of 0.03MPa / mm, an integral correction coefficient of 0.002MPa / (mm·s), and a reference distance of 50mm. The color space for coverage evaluation is Lab space, and the microparticle positive determination condition is L > 65 and 15 < 15. <35, overall threshold 95%, local threshold 85%.

[0026] Furthermore, in the surface acoustic wave (SAW) based sorting unit, SAW is excited by interdigital transducers and forms a standing wave sound field within the flow channel. The nodes and antinodes of the standing wave are concentrically distributed in a ring shape on the cross-section of the flow channel. The flow channel branches into a central main flow and a sidewall branch flow downstream of the sound field action area. Particles of different sizes and densities are subjected to different magnitudes of acoustic radiation force in the sound field. Intact composite particles, due to their high density and large radius, are bound to the central node region and transported with the main flow. Low-density impurities such as keratin fragments are pushed to the sidewall antinode region and discharged with the branch flow, thereby achieving continuous enrichment of active particles. The SAW frequency is 20MHz, the electrode width and spacing of the interdigital transducers are both 20μm, the number of finger pairs is 20, and the excitation power is 2W. The acoustic radiation force is related to the sound pressure amplitude, particle radius, and medium density, causing intact particles with a diameter greater than 150μm to be stably concentrated in the central node, while fragments with a diameter less than 100μm are deflected to the sidewall.

[0027] Furthermore, the oxygen partial pressure sensitive indicator contained in the intelligent dynamic membrane changes color when the oxygen partial pressure under the membrane changes. The image acquisition unit connected to the central control module acquires a color image of the membrane surface, and the central control module extracts the grayscale ratio of the red and green channels from the image. This ratio satisfies the following relationship with the partial pressure of oxygen under the membrane: ; in The sensitivity coefficient (nominal 0.45) is used. Reference oxygen partial pressure (40 mmHg). The baseline correction factor is 1.8; the central control module is based on... Values ​​used to determine the state of submucosal tissue: when When the blood pressure falls below the first threshold, it is considered ischemia and hypoxia, and a red alert is issued; when... When the perfusion is above the second threshold, it is considered good and a normal signal is displayed; when When the wound pH is between two thresholds and below the infection threshold, it is considered an early infection and a yellow warning is issued. The first threshold is 1.5, the second threshold is 2.8, the infection pH threshold is pH 6.0, and the warning signal is 24-36 hours earlier than the visible signs. The image acquisition unit has a resolution of 640×480 and a frame rate of 30fps.

[0028] Furthermore, the crosslinking density ηη of borate ester in the intelligent dynamic membrane changes dynamically with the pH value of the wound exudate, and its variation follows the logistic model: ; in The maximum theoretical crosslinking density is 0.95. The equilibrium dissociation constant of the borate ester bond is (6.8 ± 0.1). This refers to the real-time pH of the wound exudate (monitoring range 6.0-8.0); when the exudate... When the value decreased from the normal value of 7.4 to the edema state of 6.2, As the energy modulus decreases from 0.85 to 0.25, the membrane's storage modulus correspondingly decreases, and its flexibility increases to accommodate wound swelling and deformation; when When restored to 7.4, The modulus rebounded to 0.85, restoring a higher modulus to provide stable anchoring; the storage modulus showed a linear positive correlation with the crosslinking density, with a proportionality coefficient of approximately 14 kPa. The value is obtained by color inversion of the indicator inside the membrane, and the inversion error is ≤ ±0.1.

[0029] Furthermore, the central control module also includes a postoperative monitoring unit and an automatic re-intervention control unit. After transplantation, the postoperative monitoring unit continuously receives signals from the image acquisition unit and temperature monitoring unit, calculates the submembrane oxygen partial pressure and its changing trend in real time, and compares it with a preset normal healing curve. When the oxygen partial pressure remains below the critical value or the rate of decrease exceeds the alarm threshold, the postoperative monitoring unit issues a delayed intervention prompt. The automatic re-intervention control unit automatically extracts the centroid coordinates of all non-compliant grids and plans the re-spraying sequence when the overall coverage is determined by the visual assessment logic to be below 95% or any local grid below 85%. Simultaneously, it adjusts the re-intervention according to the degree of damage using a correction factor. Adjust the injection pressure, among which To measure the local coverage rate, The local reference threshold is 85%. The re-intervention control unit drives the atomized transplantation module to perform targeted re-spraying on the defective area. During the re-spraying, the distance monitoring signal is received in real time to maintain a constant implantation density. After the re-spraying is completed, the coverage assessment is re-triggered. This cycle is repeated until all grids meet the standard, forming a complete fully automatic closed-loop control. The re-spraying sequence adopts the shortest path planning. The single re-spraying dose is 0.05mL. The maximum re-assessment cycle is 5 times. If the limit is exceeded, a manual intervention alarm is issued. The normal healing curve is obtained based on the statistics of the historical database. The critical value of oxygen partial pressure is 30mmHg, and the alarm threshold for the rate of decline is 5mmHg / day.

[0030] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of protection of this application is limited to these examples; within the framework of this application, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of one or more embodiments of this application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.

[0031] One or more embodiments in this application are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of this application. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments in this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A surgical treatment system for treating scar wounds using microparticle skin grafts, characterized in that, Includes the following modules: The skin preparation module is used to collect skin pieces and prepare them into a microparticle suspension with a target concentration; A gas-liquid mixing and conveying module is used to mix the microparticle suspension and protective liquid in a set ratio and convey them to the injection end; The atomized transplantation module is used to atomize the mixed suspension into droplets carrying microparticles and project them directionally onto the wound. In-situ fixation film-forming module is used to form a dynamically cross-linked fixation film on the surface of the projected microparticles; The central control module is used to receive sensor feedback signals from each module and drive the corresponding execution units according to the feedback signals to form a concentration closed loop, a distance closed loop, and a coverage evaluation closed loop.

2. The integrated surgical treatment system for treating scar wounds using microparticle skin grafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The skin preparation module specifically includes a cutting execution unit, a constant temperature control unit, and a concentration monitoring unit. The cutting execution unit obtains uniformly thick skin pieces through reciprocating cutting motions and cuts the skin pieces into microparticles. The constant temperature control unit maintains the temperature of the cutting and storage environment within a set low temperature range to reduce mechanical damage. The concentration monitoring unit measures the absorbance of the suspension in real time with a fixed optical path and wavelength and outputs a concentration characterization value. The skin preparation module also specifically includes a surface acoustic wave-based sorting unit. This sorting unit uses a traveling wave sound field to apply differentiated radiation forces to microparticles of different densities and sizes in the suspension, causing active composite microparticles to separate from low-activity fragments along different flow paths, and guiding the active microparticles to the input end of the gas-liquid mixing and conveying module.

3. The integrated surgical treatment system for treating scar wounds using microparticle skin grafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas-liquid mixing and delivery module includes a protective liquid storage unit, a flow drive unit, and a proportioning mixing unit. The protective liquid storage unit is pre-filled with a liquid protective medium containing albumin. The flow drive unit extracts the protective liquid at a controllable rate and delivers it to the first inlet of the proportioning mixing unit. The second inlet of the proportioning mixing unit receives a microparticle stream from the skin preparation module. The proportioning mixing unit adjusts the flow ratio of the two inlets according to the instructions of the central control module, and outputs the mixed suspension to the atomization transplantation module after the pressure pulsation is smoothed by the buffer unit.

4. The integrated surgical treatment system for treating scar wounds using microparticle skin grafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The atomized transplantation module includes an atomizing jet unit, a gas supply regulation unit, a distance monitoring unit, an electric field active guidance unit, and a plasma processing unit. The gas supply regulation unit depressurizes external high-pressure gas to its working pressure and then sends it to the atomizing jet unit. The atomizing jet unit utilizes the velocity difference between the high-speed airflow and the suspension flow to tear the suspension into atomized droplets carrying microparticles. The distance monitoring unit measures the distance from the jet outlet to the wound surface in real time and feeds the distance signal back to the central control module. The central control module adjusts the output pressure of the gas supply regulation unit based on this signal to maintain a constant jet coverage diameter. The electric field active guidance unit constructs a non-uniform gradient electric field in front of the jet outlet, subjecting the charged microparticles to dielectroporation force. The force accelerates migration toward the wound surface due to the action of the electrophoretic force, which is expressed as: ； in The absolute dielectric constant of the protective liquid, The equivalent radius of the particle. For the real part of the Clausius-Mossotti factor, The square gradient of the root mean square value of the electric field is the distance along the jet axis. Changes satisfy ,in For effective voltage, The equivalent distance from the electric field source to the jet outlet; the plasma processing unit is located downstream of the electric field active guidance unit.

5. The integrated surgical treatment system for treating scar wounds using microparticle skin grafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The in-situ fixation film-forming module includes a dual-component storage unit, a synchronous injection unit, a static mixing unit, and a fan-shaped spray unit. The dual-component storage unit contains a first solution containing fibrinogen and a second solution containing thrombin and a phenylboronic acid-modified polymer. The synchronous injection unit, triggered by the central control module, simultaneously pushes the two solutions into the static mixing unit at a set speed. The static mixing unit uses an internal alternating torsion structure to ensure thorough mixing of the two solutions. The fan-shaped spray unit covers the surface of the implanted microparticles with the mixture in a fan-shaped mist. Fibrinogen and thrombin in the mixture polymerize to form a fibrin network with the participation of calcium ions in the wound. Simultaneously, the phenylboronic acid-modified polymer undergoes dynamic cross-linking with the o-diphenol groups in the solution, forming a smart dynamic membrane whose cross-linking degree adapts to the pH of the wound. The smart dynamic membrane contains an oxygen partial pressure sensitive indicator, which displays different colors according to the oxygen partial pressure under the membrane.

6. The integrated surgical treatment system for treating scar wounds using microparticle skin grafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central control module includes a main control unit, a human-machine interaction unit, a data storage unit, a signal acquisition unit, and a drive output unit. The main control unit receives concentration signals from the skin preparation module, distance signals from the atomization transplantation module, and image signals from the in-situ fixation film-forming module / additional camera unit through the signal acquisition unit. The main control unit has a built-in concentration closed-loop adjustment algorithm that calculates the rotation speed correction of the flow drive unit according to the proportional-integral-derivative law based on the deviation between the measured concentration and the target concentration, so as to keep the suspension concentration constant at the target value. The main control unit also has a built-in spray distance compensation algorithm that calculates the pressure correction value of the air supply adjustment unit based on the deviation between the measured distance and the reference distance, combined with the feedforward correction, to keep the spray coverage diameter constant. The main control unit further has a built-in coverage visual evaluation logic, which converts the acquired wound image to a specific color space, extracts positive pixels of microparticles, and calculates the overall coverage and the local coverage of each grid. When the coverage is lower than a preset threshold, the defect area is automatically marked and supplementary spray control parameters are generated. The drive output unit converts the calculation results of the main control unit into drive signals for each actuator.

7. The integrated surgical treatment system for treating scar wounds using microparticle skin grafts according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the surface acoustic wave (SAW) based sorting unit, SAW is excited by interdigital transducers and forms a standing wave sound field in the flow channel. The nodes and antinodes of the standing wave are distributed in concentric rings on the cross-section of the flow channel. The flow channel branches into a central main flow and a sidewall branch flow downstream of the sound field action area. Particles of different sizes and densities are subjected to different magnitudes of acoustic radiation force in the sound field. Intact composite particles, due to their high density and large radius, are bound to the central node region and transported with the main flow. Low-density impurities such as keratin fragments are pushed to the sidewall antinode region and discharged with the branch flow, thereby achieving continuous enrichment of active particles.

8. The integrated surgical treatment system for treating scar wounds using microparticle skin grafts according to claim 5, characterized in that, The oxygen partial pressure sensitive indicator contained in the intelligent dynamic membrane changes color when the oxygen partial pressure under the membrane changes. The image acquisition unit connected to the central control module acquires a color image of the membrane surface, and the central control module extracts the grayscale ratio of the red and green channels from the image. This ratio satisfies the following relationship with the partial pressure of oxygen under the membrane: ； in This is the sensitivity coefficient. For reference oxygen partial pressure, The baseline correction coefficient; the central control module according to Values ​​used to determine the state of submucosal tissue: when When the blood pressure falls below the first threshold, it is considered ischemia and hypoxia, and a red alert is issued; when... When the perfusion is above the second threshold, it is considered good and a normal signal is displayed; when When the infection level is between the two thresholds and the pH of the wound is below the infection threshold, it is considered an early infection and a yellow warning is issued.

9. The integrated surgical treatment system for treating scar wounds using microparticle skin grafts according to claim 5, characterized in that, The crosslinking density ηη of the borate ester in the intelligent dynamic membrane changes dynamically with the pH value of the wound exudate, and its variation follows the logistic model: ； in For the maximum theoretical crosslinking density, The equilibrium dissociation constant of the borate ester bond. This refers to the real-time pH of the wound exudate; when the exudate... When the value decreased from the normal value of 7.4 to the edema state of 6.2, As the energy modulus decreases from 0.85 to 0.25, the membrane's storage modulus correspondingly decreases, and its flexibility increases to accommodate wound swelling and deformation; when When restored to 7.4, The modulus rebounded to 0.85, restoring the membrane to a higher modulus to provide stable anchoring.

10. The integrated surgical treatment system for treating scar wounds using microparticle skin grafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central control module also includes a postoperative monitoring unit and an automatic re-intervention control unit. After transplantation, the postoperative monitoring unit continuously receives signals from the image acquisition unit and temperature monitoring unit, calculates the submembrane oxygen partial pressure and its changing trend in real time, and compares it with a preset normal healing curve. When the oxygen partial pressure remains below a critical value or the rate of decrease exceeds an alarm threshold, the postoperative monitoring unit issues a delayed intervention prompt. The automatic re-intervention control unit, when the visual assessment logic determines that the overall coverage is below 95% or any local grid is below 85%, automatically extracts the centroid coordinates of all non-compliant grids and plans the re-spraying sequence, while simultaneously adjusting the re-intervention according to the degree of damage using a correction coefficient. Adjust the injection pressure, among which To measure the local coverage rate, The local reference threshold is 85%; the re-intervention control unit drives the atomization transplantation module to perform targeted re-spraying on the defective area. During the re-spraying, the distance monitoring signal is received in real time to maintain a constant implantation density. After the re-spraying is completed, the coverage assessment is re-triggered. This cycle continues until all grids meet the standard, forming a complete fully automatic closed-loop control.

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