A surgical instrument for laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of medical apparatus and instruments, and discloses a surgical instrument for laparoscopic ovarian cyst stripping, which comprises a handle, an operating rod and a working head; the working head comprises an integrated seat and a suction head, the suction head is in the shape of C, and the bottom surface of the suction head is provided with a plurality of suction holes; a windowing blade and a layered stripping sheet are respectively and slidably arranged in the cavity of the integrated seat, the surface of the windowing blade is provided with a guide rail strip, two groups of limiting strips are fixedly arranged in the cavity of the integrated seat, and the guide rail strip is located between the two groups of limiting strips; the layered stripping sheet is located directly below the windowing blade, and the layered stripping sheet and the windowing blade are respectively driven by two independent driving members to slide out of the integrated seat; the suction head in the shape of C is used for realizing negative pressure suction fixation and improving stability; cold knife windowing is used for avoiding thermal diffusion injury; the extension length of the blade is limited by the stop block, and the blade can elastically float to realize short-range and shallow windowing operation; the layered stripping sheet is extended to realize paratopic stripping and establish the initial level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a surgical instrument for laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy. Background Technology

[0002] Laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy is an important treatment for benign ovarian cysts. One of the key steps in the surgery is to establish a precise, superficial, and controllable initial opening while preserving the normal ovarian cortex, and to quickly access the correct dissection plane between the cyst wall and the ovarian cortex.

[0003] In mature cystic teratomas and some lesions with thick cyst walls and high surface tension, the ovarian surface is usually smooth and curved, making it difficult to stabilize and fix with ordinary toothed forceps. This can easily lead to point-like traction and surface slippage, which restricts the "clamp-cut" action of ordinary scissors, resulting in irregular initial fenestration, unclear layers, and uncontrollable cutting depth.

[0004] If excessive reliance is placed on thermal instruments such as electric hooks and electrocoagulation for initial incision and hemostasis, heat diffusion may damage the ovarian cortex, follicles and microvessels, affecting local blood supply and potentially adversely affecting ovarian reserve, endocrine function and fertility potential. For women of childbearing age, reducing heat damage and protecting ovarian function is particularly important.

[0005] Existing irrigation suction devices, tissue grippers, simple suction devices, or ordinary fenestration knives are mostly single-function instruments and cannot simultaneously meet the continuous operational requirements of "local stable counter-traction, central open visualization, short-range limited-depth fenestration, and blunt dissection initiation within the same window." Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new surgical instrument suitable for the initial fenestration and layering operation in laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy to meet clinical needs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a surgical instrument for laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy to solve the problems of inconvenient positioning, easy thermal damage, and inability to perform continuous operation when establishing the initial window in laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A surgical instrument for laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy includes a handle, an operating rod, and a working head, wherein the handle is connected to the proximal end of the operating rod, and the working head is connected to the distal end of the operating rod.

[0009] The working head includes an integrated base and an adsorption head. The adsorption head is C-shaped and has several adsorption holes on its bottom surface. These holes are connected to a negative pressure source through a negative pressure channel located inside the operating rod, and are used to adsorb and fix ovarian tissue under negative pressure. A fenestration blade and a layering strip are slidably mounted in the cavity inside the integrated base. A guide rail is provided on the surface of the fenestration blade. Two sets of limiting strips are fixedly mounted inside the cavity of the integrated base. The guide rail is located between the two sets of limiting strips, and the distance between the two sets of limiting strips is greater than the height of the guide rail to form a gap for the guide rail to float. The layering strip is located directly below the fenestration blade, and the sliding directions of the two are parallel. The layering strip and the fenestration blade are driven by two independent driving components to slide out of the integrated base.

[0010] Furthermore, an elastic element is provided on the top surface of the guide rail. The elastic element contacts the bottom surface of a set of limiting strips located above the guide rail. The elastic element applies a pre-pressure to the guide rail towards another set of limiting strips. The deformation of the elastic element allows the guide rail to float elastically relative to the limiting strips in the direction perpendicular to the blade.

[0011] Furthermore, a stop is provided on the window-opening blade. After the window-opening blade moves, the stop contacts the near end of the limiting strip to limit the extension length of the window-opening blade.

[0012] Furthermore, the driving component includes a connecting rod that slides through the operating lever, a return spring sleeved on the connecting rod, and a paddle disposed in the handle; one end of the connecting rod is connected to the window-opening blade or the delamination strip, and the other end is connected to the paddle, and the return spring is used to drive the connecting rod to return to its original position; the handle is provided with two independent paddles, which are used to control the extension of the window-opening blade and the delamination strip, respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, the opening of the adsorption head faces the integrated base, and both ends of the adsorption head are rotatably connected to the far ends of the integrated base via a rotating shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, the adsorption head is made of medical-grade flexible material.

[0015] Furthermore, the handle is equipped with a negative pressure component, the negative pressure channel is connected to the negative pressure component, and the handle is equipped with an operating element for controlling negative pressure adsorption and a button for quickly releasing negative pressure.

[0016] Furthermore, the distal end of the layered peeling sheet has a rounded head, and the layered peeling sheet can bend elastically.

[0017] Furthermore, the integrated base is provided with a suction pipe and a water separation pipe at its end, and the proximal ends of the suction pipe and the water separation pipe are located on the handle for connection to external power equipment.

[0018] The principles and beneficial effects of the technical solution are as follows:

[0019] This invention provides a surgical instrument for laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy.

[0020] 1. Using a C-shaped suction head, the ovarian tissue on both sides of the fenestration area is fixed by negative pressure suction, which provides a stable counter-traction force and prevents the instrument from moving relative to the ovarian tissue during the fenestration operation. At the same time, the empty central area of ​​the suction head can avoid obstructing the ovarian tissue, so as to facilitate the subsequent fenestration and layering operation.

[0021] 2. A mechanical cold blade is used for fenestration, replacing the commonly used electric hooks, electrocoagulation and other thermal instruments. This avoids heat diffusion damage. When the blade extends, the maximum extension length of the blade is limited by the stop block, allowing for short-range fenestration. The guide rail can elastically float between the limit bars, allowing the blade to be slightly raised to adapt to the arc-shaped surface of the ovarian tissue. The elastic element provides pre-pressure to facilitate the blade cutting the tissue. At the same time, when the force on the blade is too great, the elastic element is compressed, causing the blade to float upward, avoiding excessive cutting and cyst rupture.

[0022] 3. After the fenestration blade completes the short-range superficial fenestration, it retracts. The layered dissection blade located directly below it extends along the same axis. Because its position is lower than the fenestration window, it can naturally enter the natural dissection plane between the cyst wall and the ovarian cortex, achieving blunt dissection within the same window and establishing the initial layer without the need to change instruments or reposition.

[0023] 4. The suction head is made of flexible material, which can better fit the ovarian surface with different curvatures and sizes. At the same time, the integrated head can be tilted up and down relative to the suction head, thereby adjusting the angle between the blade and the peeling plate and the ovarian surface, so as to better cut and open windows or establish the initial layer.

[0024] 5. The working head integrates negative pressure adsorption, depth-limited fenestration, blunt dissection, suction, and water separation, making its functions more complete, reducing the number of instrument changes during surgery, alleviating the burden on medical staff, and improving efficiency and smoothness. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the working head in this invention;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the working head in this invention;

[0029] Figure 5This is a cross-sectional view of the integrated base in this invention (with the window blade extended).

[0030] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the integrated base in this invention (with the layered peeling tabs extended).

[0031] The corresponding labels in the attached diagram are named as follows: 1. Handle; 2. Operating lever; 3. Working head; 4. Integrated base; 401. Window opening blade; 402. Layering stripping plate; 403. Guide rail; 404. Elastic element; 405. Stop block; 406. Limiting strip; 407. Suction tube; 408. Water separation tube; 5. Adsorption head; 501. Adsorption hole. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0033] like Figures 1-6 As shown, a surgical instrument for laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy includes a handle 1, an operating rod 2, and a working head 3. The handle 1 is connected to the proximal end (i.e., the end closer to the operator) of the operating rod 2, and the working head 3 is connected to the distal end (i.e., the end farther from the operator) of the operating rod 2. The operating rod 2 is a slender tubular structure with multiple independent channels inside for passing through a drive connecting rod, a negative pressure pipe, a suction tube 407, and a water separation tube 408, etc.

[0034] The working head 3 includes an integrated base 4 and an adsorption head 5. The adsorption head 5 is C-shaped (or horseshoe-shaped, semi-circular, or U-shaped). The bottom surface of the adsorption head 5 (the side facing the ovarian tissue during use) is provided with several adsorption holes 501. The adsorption head 5 has a gas channel inside. The gas channel passes through the connection between the adsorption head 5 and the integrated base 4, through the interior of the integrated base 4 and the interior of the operating rod 2, and finally connects to the negative pressure interface or the negative pressure component in the handle 1 located near the end of the operating rod 2. The external negative pressure source or the negative pressure component built into the handle 1 generates negative pressure, which enables the adsorption holes 501 to adsorb and fix the ovarian tissue. The C-shaped adsorption head 5 can effectively fix the area around the fenestration area, while the middle area of ​​the adsorption head 5 is left empty to expose the area to be fenestrated, which is convenient for observation and subsequent fenestration operations.

[0035] The integrated base 4 has two cavities inside. A window-opening blade 401 is slidably arranged in one cavity along the axial direction (i.e., the length direction of the operating lever 2), and a delamination stripping piece 402 is slidably arranged in the other cavity along the axial direction. The window-opening blade 401 and the delamination stripping piece 402 are arranged in an inverted T-shape. The window-opening blade 401 is vertically arranged (i.e., perpendicular to the bottom surface of the integrated base 4), and the delamination stripping piece 402 is horizontally arranged (i.e., parallel to the bottom surface of the integrated base 4) below the window-opening blade 401. The vertical distance between the two is about 0.5-1mm. The sliding directions of the window-opening blade 401 and the delamination stripping piece 402 are parallel. They are driven by two independent driving components to slide out of the integrated base 4.

[0036] The fenestrated blade 401 is a cold blade, in the shape of a vertical thin sheet, with its bottom and distal edges forming the cutting edge for cutting tissue. A guide rail 403 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the fenestrated blade 401, extending along the sliding direction. Two sets of limiting strips 406 are fixedly mounted in the cavity of the integrated base 4. One set of limiting strips 406 is located above the guide rail 403, and the other set is located below the guide rail 403, with a gap between the upper and lower sets of limiting strips 406. The height of the guide rail 403 (i.e., the vertical dimension) is less than the gap between the upper and lower sets of limiting strips 406, allowing the guide rail 403 to elastically float within this gap in the vertical direction (i.e., the direction parallel to the blade surface, i.e., the cutting depth direction), replacing the fixed blade. This allows the fenestrated blade 401 to float slightly up and down after being extended, adapting to the curved surface of the ovary for effective cutting.

[0037] In this embodiment, an elastic element 404 is provided on the top surface of the guide rail 403. The elastic element 404 contacts the bottom surface of a set of limiting strips 406 located above the guide rail 403. The elastic element 404 applies a pre-pressure to the guide rail 403 towards another set of limiting strips 406. This pre-pressure is small and is only used to maintain the stable contact between the blade and the tissue surface during normal cutting. The guide rail 403 contacts the lower limiting strip 406. The elastic element 404 can be an arc-shaped elastic sheet, whose arc surface contacts the bottom surface of the limiting strip 406. Alternatively, the elastic element 404 can be a strip-shaped elastic pad, the same length as the guide rail 403, provided on the top surface of the guide rail 403, with the top surface of the elastic pad contacting the bottom surface of the upper limiting strip 406. When the windowed blade 401 extends out of the integrated seat 4 and contacts the tissue... When the blade is used for cutting, it can float slightly upwards, and the elastic element 404 undergoes slight deformation. Its subtle elasticity ensures that the blade can gently conform to the surface of the ovarian tissue for effective cutting. When the blade encounters tougher tissue or when the medical staff applies too much force, the upward reaction force generated by the tissue on the blade increases sharply. This reaction force quickly exceeds the maximum elasticity that the elastic element 404 can provide, forcing the guide rail 403 to overcome the resistance of the elastic element 404 and float towards the upper limit bar 406. This causes the blade to move upwards as a whole, and the cutting depth of the blade is reduced accordingly. During this process, the elastic element 404 only provides limited resistance and does not prevent the blade from floating upwards under excessive reaction force, thereby reducing the cutting depth of the blade and avoiding excessively deep opening that could lead to cyst rupture.

[0038] In this embodiment, a stop 405 is fixedly provided at the proximal end of the window-opening blade 401, and two sets of upper and lower limiting strips 406 are only provided in the front half (far end side) of the cavity of the integrated base 4. Their length is about half the length of the window-opening blade 401. When the window-opening blade 401 extends to the far end, the stop 405 moves to the far end accordingly. When the blade extends to the preset maximum length, the stop 405 contacts the proximal end face of the limiting strip 406, thereby preventing the blade from continuing to extend and achieving the function of limiting the extension length of the blade, performing short-distance window opening, and avoiding the initial cut being too long.

[0039] In this embodiment, the driving component includes a connecting rod that slides through the operating lever 2, a return spring sleeved on the connecting rod, and a paddle disposed in the handle 1; the distal end of one connecting rod is slidably connected to the proximal end of the window-opening blade 401, and the proximal end of the window-opening blade 401 is provided with a vertical (along the proximal edge direction) groove, while the distal end of the connecting rod is provided with a slider that is slidably disposed in the groove, so that the connecting rod can drive the window-opening blade 401 to extend out of the integrated seat 4 without interfering with the up-and-down floating of the window-opening blade 401; the distal end of the other connecting rod is fixedly connected to the proximal end of the delamination strip 402, and the proximal ends of the two connecting rods are respectively The corresponding paddle is connected to a return spring, which drives the connecting rod to return to its original position. The handle 1 is equipped with two independent paddles, which are used to control the extension of the fenestrated blade 401 and the delamination strip 402, respectively. When medical staff operate the machine, they only need to press the corresponding paddle. The paddle drives the connecting rod (using a lever structure or gear rack structure, etc.) to move to the distal end, thereby extending the fenestrated blade 401 or the delamination strip 402 out of the integrated base 4. At this time, the return spring is compressed. When the paddle is released, the return spring returns to its original position, thereby pushing the connecting rod to move to the proximal end, thereby retracting the fenestrated blade 401 or the delamination strip 402 into the integrated base 4.

[0040] In this embodiment, the opening of the suction head 5 faces the integrated base 4, and both ends of the suction head 5 are rotatably connected to the far sides of the integrated base 4 via a rotating shaft, so that the integrated base 4 can tilt up and down relative to the suction head 5. After the suction head 5 is adsorbed on the surface of the ovarian tissue, the tilt angle of the integrated base 4 can be adjusted, thereby changing the angle between the blade or peeling strip and the tissue surface, so that it can better cut and open windows or insert into the incision to establish the initial peeling layer.

[0041] In this embodiment, the adsorption head 5 is made of a medical flexible material (such as medical silicone), which can better fit the ovarian surface with different curvatures.

[0042] In this embodiment, the handle 1 is equipped with a negative pressure component (such as a miniature negative pressure pump or a negative pressure regulating valve), and the negative pressure channel is connected to the negative pressure component. The handle 1 is equipped with a button for controlling negative pressure adsorption and a button for quickly releasing negative pressure. When the adsorption button is pressed, the negative pressure component is activated or connected, and the adsorption hole 501 generates negative pressure. When the quick release button is pressed, the negative pressure channel is connected to the atmosphere, and the negative pressure is quickly released, which facilitates the repositioning of the working head 3 on the surface of the ovary.

[0043] In this embodiment, the distal end of the layered peeling strip 402 is a rounded head, and the entire layered peeling strip 402 is made of a material with a certain degree of elasticity (such as medical stainless steel sheet or elastic polymer), which can be bent elastically so as to follow the curvature of the tissue for blunt separation after entering the peeling plane, thereby establishing an effective initial peeling layer.

[0044] In this embodiment, the integrated base 4 is provided with a suction tube 407 and a water separation tube 408 at its end. The suction tube 407 is used to aspirate a small amount of oozing blood, cyst fluid or irrigation fluid generated during the operation; the water separation tube 408 is used to inject a small amount of liquid into the dissection plane when needed to help expose the tissue layers; the proximal ends of the suction tube 407 and the water separation tube 408 are provided on the handle 1 and are provided with standard interfaces for connection to external negative pressure suction equipment and water injection equipment.

[0045] How to use:

[0046] Using a laparoscopic trocar, the working head 3 is inserted into the abdominal cavity and moved to the surface of the ovarian cyst. The suction head 5 is then placed against the fenestrated area on the ovarian cyst surface, ensuring the fenestrated area is located in the central open area of ​​the suction head 5 to avoid obstruction. The suction button on the operating handle 1 activates the negative pressure assembly, generating negative pressure that causes the suction hole 501 to adsorb tissue, thus stably attaching the suction head 5 to the ovarian cyst surface and exposing the central fenestrated area. The medical staff slightly adjusts the angle of the operating lever 2, changing the relative angle between the integrated base 4 and the suction head 5, so that the subsequent blade extends approximately parallel to the ovarian cyst surface. Then, the lever controlling the fenestrated blade 401 is pressed. Under the action of the connecting rod, the fenestrated blade 401 extends beyond the integrated base 4, contacts the ovarian cyst surface, and cuts the tissue. Due to the restriction of the stop block 405, the blade extends to its maximum extent. The length is preset (e.g., 5mm) to perform a short-range fenestration, avoiding an excessively large incision. If too much force is applied (the force of the blade pressing down on the tissue), the elastic element 404 is compressed, and the blade automatically floats up, replacing the traditional rigid straight-line cutting, avoiding excessive cutting and causing cyst rupture. After completing a short-range superficial incision (fenestration), release the lever, and the blade automatically retracts. Then press the lever controlling the layered dissection lever 402, which drives the layered dissection lever 402 to extend along the same axis. Since its position is lower than the fenestration window, the blunt dissection lever naturally enters the dissection plane between the cyst wall and the ovarian cortex. Gently advance the dissection lever to bluntly separate and expand the dissection layer, establishing the initial dissection layer. Release the lever, and the dissection lever automatically retracts. After the initial dissection layer is established, press the quick release button to release the negative pressure, thereby releasing the negative pressure adsorption of the suction head 5 and withdrawing the instrument.

[0047] In another embodiment, the driving component can be a miniature electric push rod instead of a manual paddle. A miniature motor and a lead screw mechanism are installed inside the handle 1. The connecting rod is connected to the moving part of the lead screw mechanism, and an electric control button is provided on the surface of the handle 1. The motor is controlled to rotate forward and backward by an electrical signal, which drives the connecting rod to move, thereby realizing the electric extension and retraction of the blade and the stripping disc.

[0048] Alternatively, the negative pressure source may not be located inside the handle 1, but may be connected to the operating room wall negative pressure system or an independent negative pressure suction device through the standard interface near the end of the handle 1. In this case, only a negative pressure control valve and a quick pressure relief valve need to be installed on the handle 1.

[0049] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge regarding specific technical solutions or characteristics is not elaborated upon here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A surgical instrument for laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy, characterized in that: It includes a handle (1), an operating lever (2) and a working head (3), wherein the handle (1) is connected to the proximal end of the operating lever (2) and the working head (3) is connected to the distal end of the operating lever (2); The working head (3) includes an integrated base (4) and an adsorption head (5). The adsorption head (5) is C-shaped, and the bottom surface of the adsorption head (5) is provided with several adsorption holes (501). The adsorption holes (501) are connected to a negative pressure source through a negative pressure channel provided in the operating rod (2) for negative pressure adsorption and fixation of ovarian tissue. A fenestrated blade (401) and a layered dissecting plate (402) are slidably arranged in the cavity of the integrated base (4). A guide rail (403) is provided on the surface of the fenestrated blade (401). Two sets of limiting strips (406) are fixedly installed inside the cavity. The guide rail (403) is located between the two sets of limiting strips (406), and the distance between the two sets of limiting strips (406) is greater than the height of the guide rail (403) to form a gap for the guide rail (403) to float. The delamination strip (402) is located directly below the window opening blade (401), and the sliding directions of the two are parallel. The delamination strip (402) and the window opening blade (401) are driven by two independent driving components to slide out of the integrated base (4).

2. The surgical instrument for laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the guide rail (403) is provided with an elastic element (404). The elastic element (404) contacts the bottom surface of a set of limiting strips (406) located above the guide rail (403). The elastic element (404) applies a pre-pressure to the guide rail (403) toward another set of limiting strips (406). The elastic element (404) deforms so that the guide rail (403) can elastically float relative to the limiting strips (406) in a direction perpendicular to the blade.

3. The surgical instrument for laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The window-opening blade (401) is provided with a stop (405). After the window-opening blade (401) moves, the stop (405) contacts the proximal end of the limiting strip (406) to limit the extension length of the window-opening blade (401).

4. The surgical instrument for laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component includes a connecting rod that slides through the operating rod (2), a return spring sleeved on the connecting rod, and a paddle disposed in the handle (1); one end of the connecting rod is connected to the window-opening blade (401) or the layer-peeling piece (402), and the other end is connected to the paddle; the return spring is used to drive the connecting rod to return to its original position; the handle (1) is provided with two independent paddles, which are used to control the extension of the window-opening blade (401) and the layer-peeling piece (402) respectively.

5. The surgical instrument for laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption head (5) has an opening facing the integrated base (4), and both ends of the adsorption head (5) are rotatably connected to the far ends of the integrated base (4) via a rotating shaft.

6. The surgical instrument for laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption head (5) is made of medical flexible material.

7. The surgical instrument for laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The handle (1) is provided with a negative pressure component, the negative pressure channel is connected to the negative pressure component, and the handle (1) is provided with an operating component for controlling negative pressure adsorption and a button for quickly releasing negative pressure.

8. The surgical instrument for laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distal end of the layered peeling sheet (402) is a rounded head, and the layered peeling sheet (402) can be elastically bent.

9. The surgical instrument for laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated base (4) is provided with a suction tube (407) and a water separation tube (408) at its end. The near ends of the suction tube (407) and the water separation tube (408) are provided on the handle (1) for connection with external power equipment.

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