A high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation instrument

Abstract

The application provides a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation instrument, which adopts an independent driving structure of one electrical stimulation module corresponding to one pair of electrodes, each electrical stimulation module is mutually independent and isolated, the problem of current abnormality is avoided, each electrical stimulation module is provided with an independent electrode detection unit, the output current and contact impedance of the channel can be collected in real time, and the abnormal state such as electrode falling off and poor contact can be accurately judged, the defect that the existing device lacks independent detection is solved, and real-time monitoring of the abnormal state is realized. When the electrode of a certain channel is in poor contact, only the output of the channel is affected, and other channel current is not abnormally increased, the risk of scalp burning caused by excessive local current is avoided, and the use safety is significantly improved. The multi-channel electrical stimulation module is independently controlled by the control module, each electrical stimulation module can output an electrical signal independently, the parameters of each channel can be independently and accurately configured, are not affected by other channels, supports diversified stimulation modes, and greatly improves the controllability and application flexibility of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator. Background Technology

[0002] Transcranial current stimulation (tCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that uses electrodes to apply specific low-intensity currents to specific brain regions, thereby modulating synaptic plasticity, altering cortical excitability, and controlling brain neural activity.

[0003] tCS (tight current stimulation) applies a weak electric current to the scalp, which travels through the skull and creates an electric field outside neurons in the cerebral cortex. This field alters the resting membrane potential of neurons. Anodic stimulation leads to depolarization of the neuronal membrane potential, thus stimulating the cerebral cortex. Cathodic stimulation causes hyperpolarization of the neuronal membrane potential, thus inhibiting the excitability of the cerebral cortex. Furthermore, the polarized electric field not only produces immediate effects but also induces synaptic plasticity changes similar to long-term potentiation or long-term inhibition by influencing the release of neurotransmitters (such as glutamate and GABA) and NMDA receptor activity. This is crucial for maintaining therapeutic effects (such as promoting post-stroke functional remodeling and improving memory) for hours or even days.

[0004] However, traditional tCS technology uses two large-area electrodes (such as 5x7cm sponges), causing the current to diffuse over a large area of ​​the scalp. Only a very small portion (about 10-15%) reaches the target cortex, and it also stimulates a large number of non-target brain regions simultaneously. This results in poor spatial focusing, easily stimulating non-target areas and causing side effects such as scalp numbness, burning, and distraction. Therefore, high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation (tCS), which has high spatial accuracy and targeting, is needed. HD technology is gaining increasing popularity in the market.

[0005] Existing high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation (tCS) While HD (High-Intensity Transcranial Stimulation) uses matrix electrodes to improve accuracy, it generally employs a single stimulation circuit splitting approach. This results in severe electrical coupling between channels, and poor contact of a single electrode can lead to a sudden increase in current in other channels, causing scalp burns. Furthermore, the current in each channel cannot be independently and precisely controlled, limiting stimulation parameters and output waveforms. It also lacks independent current detection, electrode contact impedance detection, and multi-level protection mechanisms, resulting in insufficient overall safety, controllability, and operational stability, making it difficult to meet the clinical application requirements of high-precision and high-safety transcranial electrical stimulation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem this application aims to solve is the lack of existing high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation (tCS) techniques. While HD (High-Intensity Transcranial Stimulation) uses matrix electrodes to improve accuracy, it generally employs a single stimulation circuit splitting approach. This results in severe electrical coupling between channels, and poor contact of a single electrode can lead to a sudden increase in current in other channels, causing scalp burns. Furthermore, the current in each channel cannot be independently and precisely controlled, limiting stimulation parameters and output waveforms. It also lacks independent current detection, electrode contact impedance detection, and multi-level protection mechanisms, resulting in insufficient overall safety, controllability, and operational stability, making it difficult to meet the clinical application requirements of high-precision and high-safety transcranial electrical stimulation.

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, or at least partially solve the above technical problems, this application provides a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator.

[0008] This invention discloses a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device, which includes a multi-channel electrical stimulation module, a power supply module, a control module, and multiple pairs of electrodes. The control module is connected to the multi-channel electrical stimulation module, and the power supply module is connected to both the control module and the multi-channel electrical stimulation module. The power supply module supplies power to the control module and the multi-channel electrical stimulation module. The control module controls the multi-channel electrical stimulation module to output electrical signals. One electrical stimulation module is connected to any pair of electrodes, and any pair of electrodes includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode. Any one-way electrical stimulation module includes an electrode detection unit and an electrical stimulation unit. The electrode detection unit is connected to the electrical stimulation unit, and the electrical stimulation unit is connected to any pair of electrodes. The electrical stimulation unit transmits electrical signals to the electrodes. The electrode detection unit detects the current output by the electrical stimulation unit to the electrodes and the contact resistance between the electrodes and the scalp. The electrode detachment is determined by the output current and the contact resistance.

[0009] Preferably, it includes an interaction module, which is connected to the control module, and the interaction module visualizes the information transmitted by the control module.

[0010] Preferably, the power supply module includes a voltage regulator unit, a power supply unit, and a switching unit. The power supply unit is connected to both the voltage regulator unit and the switching unit, and is connected to an external power source. The switching unit controls the opening and closing of the multi-channel electrical stimulation module.

[0011] Preferably, the power module includes an energy storage device and a charging unit, with the energy storage device connected to both the charging unit and the power supply unit.

[0012] Preferably, the power module includes a battery voltage detection unit, which is connected to both the energy storage device and the control module.

[0013] Preferably, the electrical stimulation module includes a power isolation unit and a boost unit. The power isolation unit is connected to the boost unit and the power stabilizing unit. The boost unit is connected to both the electrical stimulation unit and the electrode detection unit.

[0014] Preferably, the electrical stimulation module includes a voltage inversion unit, which is connected to a power isolation unit and is also connected to the electrical stimulation unit and the electrode detection unit.

[0015] Preferably, the electrical stimulation module includes an analog-to-digital conversion unit, which is connected to both the electrode detection unit and the control module.

[0016] Preferably, the voltage regulation unit includes a first voltage regulation subunit and a second voltage regulation subunit. The first voltage regulation subunit is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion unit and the digital isolation subunit, and the second voltage regulation subunit is connected to the power isolation unit.

[0017] Preferably, the electrical stimulation unit includes a digital isolation subunit, a digital-to-analog converter subunit, and a constant current source subunit. The digital isolation subunit is connected to the digital-to-analog converter subunit, the digital-to-analog converter subunit is connected to the constant current source subunit, and the constant current source subunit is connected to any pair of electrodes.

[0018] The technical solution provided in this application has the following advantages compared with the prior art: This application provides a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device, which adopts an independent driving structure with one electrical stimulation module corresponding to one pair of electrodes. Each electrical stimulation module is independently isolated from each other to avoid the problem of abnormal current. Each electrical stimulation module is equipped with an independent electrode detection unit, which can collect the output current and contact impedance of the channel in real time, and accurately judge abnormal states such as electrode detachment and poor contact based on this, solving the deficiency of existing equipment in lacking independent detection and realizing real-time monitoring of abnormal states.

[0019] Furthermore, when a certain electrode has poor contact, it only affects the output of that channel and will not cause an abnormal increase in current in other channels, fundamentally avoiding the risk of scalp burn caused by excessive local current and significantly improving safety.

[0020] Furthermore, the multi-channel electrical stimulation module is independently controlled by the control module, and each electrical stimulation unit can output an electrical signal independently. The stimulation current, output timing, and waveform parameters of each channel can be configured independently and precisely without being affected by other channels. It supports diverse stimulation paradigms and greatly improves the controllability and application flexibility of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This application provides a structural module diagram of a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator; Figure 2 A module connection diagram of a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator provided in this application; Figure 3 An electrogram of a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator provided in this application; Figure 4 A module diagram of the electrical stimulation module of a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator provided in this application; Figure 5 A circuit diagram of the electrode detection unit of a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator provided in this application; Figure 6 A block diagram of the electrical stimulation unit of a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator provided in this application; Figure 7 A circuit diagram of a digital isolation subunit of a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator provided in this application; Figure 8 A circuit diagram of a digital-to-analog converter subunit of a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator provided in this application; Figure 9 A circuit diagram of a constant current source subunit of a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator provided in this application; Figure 10 A simplified schematic diagram of the constant current source subunit of a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator provided in this application; Figure 11 A circuit diagram of a power isolation unit for a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator provided in this application; Figure 12 A circuit diagram of the boost unit of a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator provided in this application; Figure 13 A circuit diagram of a voltage reversal unit for a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator provided in this application; Figure 14 A circuit diagram of an analog-to-digital conversion unit for a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator provided in this application; Figure 15 A circuit diagram of the electrodes of a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator provided in this application; Figure 16 A module diagram of a power supply module for a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator provided in this application; Figure 17 A circuit diagram of the first voltage regulator subunit of a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator provided in this application; Figure 18 A circuit diagram of the second voltage regulator subunit of a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator provided in this application; Figure 19 A circuit diagram of the power supply unit for a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator provided in this application; Figure 20 A circuit diagram of the switching unit of a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator provided in this application; Figure 21 A circuit diagram of the charging unit of a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator provided in this application; Figure 22 The circuit diagram of the battery voltage detection unit of a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator provided in this application.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. High-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device; 1. Electrical stimulation module; 11. Electrode detection unit; 12. Electrical stimulation unit; 121. Digital isolation subunit; 122. Digital-to-analog conversion subunit; 123. Constant current source subunit; 13. Power isolation unit; 14. Boost unit; 15. Voltage inversion unit; 16. Analog-to-digital conversion unit; 2. Electrode; 21. Positive electrode; 22. Negative electrode; 3. Power supply module; 31. Voltage regulator unit; 311. First voltage regulator subunit; 312. Second voltage regulator subunit; 32. Power supply unit; 33. Switching unit; 34. Energy storage device; 35. Charging unit; 36. Battery voltage detection unit; 4. Control module; 5. Interactive module. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] See Figures 1-22This invention discloses a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device 100, which includes a multi-channel electrical stimulation module 1, a power supply module 3, a control module 4, and multiple pairs of electrodes 2. The control module 4 is connected to the multi-channel electrical stimulation module 1, and the power supply module 3 is connected to both the control module 4 and the multi-channel electrical stimulation module 1. The power supply module 3 supplies power to the control module 4 and the multi-channel electrical stimulation module 1. The control module 4 controls the output of electrical signals from the multi-channel electrical stimulation module 1. Each electrical stimulation module 1 is connected to any pair of electrodes 2. Specifically, the control module 4 controls the operation of each module through a communication protocol and controls the operation of the multi-channel electrical stimulation module 1 through signal commands. The power supply module 3 supplies power to each module of the device. The electrical stimulation module 1 outputs an independently controllable stimulation current. The electrodes 2 are applied to the scalp and output stimulation current for treatment.

[0027] Any pair of electrodes 2 includes a positive electrode 21 and a negative electrode 22. The positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 are respectively connected to the electrical stimulation module 1. The multi-channel electrical stimulation module 1 is connected to the scalp via N... A ring array is placed in contact with the scalp, and N represents the number of electrical stimulation modules 1. All negative electrodes 22 connected to each electrical stimulation module 1 are connected to a single central electrode 2, and all positive electrodes 21 are connected to a connection terminal J10, which in turn is connected to the central electrode 2, forming N... 1. Ring array. It can be understood that the connection terminal J10 is the gold finger, and the electrode line connected to the gold finger provides four edge electrodes (tCS_P1-tCS_P4) and one center electrode (tCS_N). All negative electrodes 22 share one center electrode, and one center electrode and four positive electrodes 21 transmit electrical signals from the gold finger to the outside world.

[0028] Any one-way electrical stimulation module 1 includes an electrode detection unit 11 and an electrical stimulation unit 12. The electrode detection unit 11 is connected to the electrical stimulation unit 12, and the electrical stimulation unit 12 is connected to any pair of electrodes 2. The electrical stimulation unit 12 transmits electrical signals to the electrodes 2. The electrode detection unit 11 detects the output current of the electrical stimulation unit 12 to the electrodes 2 and the contact impedance between the electrodes 2 and the scalp. It determines whether the electrodes 2 have detached by using the output current and the contact impedance. Specifically, the electrode detection unit 11 collects the output current and the contact impedance between the electrodes 2 and the scalp in real time, and determines whether the electrodes 2 have detached and whether the contact between the electrodes 2 and the scalp is good by using the output current and the contact impedance. The electrical stimulation unit 12 realizes isolated power supply, output voltage boost, output voltage inversion, digital-to-analog conversion, constant current output, current detection, and electrode detachment detection, and outputs an independently controllable stimulation current.

[0029] Specifically, an independent driving structure is adopted with one electrical stimulation module 1 corresponding to a pair of electrodes 2. Each electrical stimulation module 1 is independently isolated from each other to avoid the problem of abnormal current. Each electrical stimulation module 1 is equipped with an independent electrode detection unit 11, which can collect the output current and contact impedance of this channel in real time, and accurately judge abnormal states such as electrode 2 falling off or poor contact, so as to solve the defect of existing equipment lacking independent detection and realize real-time monitoring of abnormal states.

[0030] Furthermore, when a certain electrode 2 has poor contact, it only affects the output of that channel and will not cause abnormal increases in current in other channels, fundamentally avoiding the risk of scalp burn caused by excessive local current and significantly improving safety in use.

[0031] Furthermore, the multi-channel electrical stimulation module 1 is independently controlled by the control module 4, and each electrical stimulation unit 12 can output an electrical signal independently. The stimulation current, output timing, and waveform parameters of each channel can be configured independently and precisely without being affected by other channels, supporting diverse stimulation paradigms and greatly improving the controllability and application flexibility of the equipment.

[0032] As one embodiment, multiple electrical stimulation modules 1 can be set. In this embodiment, four electrical stimulation modules 1 are set, but the number of electrical stimulation modules 1 can be set according to specific needs.

[0033] As one embodiment, multiple pairs of electrodes 2 can be provided, and the number of electrodes 2 is the same as the number of electrical stimulation modules 1. In this embodiment, four pairs of electrodes 2 are provided to match the number of electrical stimulation modules 1.

[0034] As one embodiment, the high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator 100 includes an interaction module 5, which is connected to a control module 4. The interaction module 5 visualizes the information transmitted by the control module 4. Specifically, the interaction module 5 has a touch screen interface. Users interact with the touch screen to set stimulation parameters, display working status, provide abnormal prompts, and control the device's start and stop. The interaction module 5 transmits the user's operation signals to the control module 4 to realize the human-computer interaction process.

[0035] The electrical stimulation module 1 includes a power isolation unit 13, a boost unit 14, a voltage inversion unit 15, and an analog-to-digital converter 16. The power isolation unit 13 is connected to the boost unit 14 and the voltage regulator unit 31 of the power module 3. The boost unit 14 is connected to the electrical stimulation unit 12 and the electrode detection unit 11 respectively. The voltage inversion unit 15 is connected to the power isolation unit 13 and the electrode detection unit 11 respectively. The analog-to-digital converter 16 is connected to the electrode detection unit 11 and the control module 4 respectively.

[0036] Specifically, the power isolation unit 13 is connected to the power module 3. The power isolation unit 13 provides an independent isolated power supply for each stimulation module, making each channel electrically independent, cutting off the coupling between the ground loop and the channel, ensuring safety and independent control. The power isolation unit 13 is connected to the voltage inversion unit 15 and the boost unit 14 respectively. The boost unit 14 and the voltage inversion unit 15 generate positive and negative high voltage power supplies respectively, providing sufficient voltage swing for the electrical stimulation unit 12 to adapt to different human scalp impedances and ensure constant current capability. The analog-to-digital conversion unit 16 is connected to the control module 4, converting the digital signals transmitted by the control module 4 into current and voltage analog signals.

[0037] The power isolation unit 13 includes a power isolation chip U17, model F0505XT-1WR3. The second terminal of chip U17 is connected to the power module 3. The boost unit 14 includes a DC-DC power chip U18, model SDB628. The fifth terminal of chip U18 is connected to the fifth terminal of chip U17. The first terminal of chip U18 outputs +20V power. The voltage inversion unit 15 includes a DC-DC power chip U19, model MC34063ADR2G. The sixth terminal of chip U19... Connected to the fifth terminal of chip U17, chip U19 outputs a -20V power supply. Electrode detection unit 11 includes two operational amplifiers U53, the operational amplifier model being TLV9352IDR. Electrode detection unit 11 is connected to electrical stimulation unit 12, acquiring the current value and contact impedance output by electrical stimulation unit 12. Analog-to-digital conversion unit 16 converts the current and voltage data acquired by electrode detection unit 11 into digital signals and transmits them to control module 4. It has a built-in analog-to-digital conversion chip U20, the model of chip U20 being CA-IS3021G.

[0038] The electrical stimulation unit 12 includes a digital isolation subunit 121, a digital-to-analog converter subunit 122, and a constant current source subunit 123. The digital isolation subunit 121 is connected to the digital-to-analog converter subunit 122, the digital-to-analog converter subunit 122 is connected to the constant current source subunit 123, and the constant current source subunit 123 is connected to any pair of electrodes 2.

[0039] Specifically, the electrical stimulation unit 12 converts the digital control signal into a safe, precise, and constant stimulation current and outputs it to the corresponding electrode pair 2, achieving high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation output. The digital isolation subunit 121 transmits signals with the control module 4, achieving electrical isolation between the digital control signal and the high-voltage stimulation circuit, blocking ground loop interference, preventing high-voltage crosstalk, protecting the main control system, and improving signal reliability and safety. The digital isolation subunit 121 includes a digital isolator U23, model CA-IS3760HW, which achieves complete electrical isolation between the control side connected to the control module 4 and the stimulation output side connected to the electrode 2, improving anti-interference capability and safety of use. The digital-to-analog conversion subunit 122 converts the isolated digital control signal into a high-precision analog voltage signal, providing a precise current setting reference for the constant current source. The digital-to-analog converter subunit 122 includes a TPC116S1-VR digital-to-analog converter, ensuring accurate amplitude, smooth waveform, and strong controllability of the stimulation current, and supporting multiple waveform outputs such as tDCS / tACS / tRNS. The constant current source subunit 123 converts the voltage signal output by the DAC into a stable, constant stimulation current unaffected by the load, and outputs it to a pair of electrodes 2 to form a stimulation circuit. The constant current source subunit 123 includes two operational amplifiers U54, which are TLV9352IDR. Based on the virtual short and virtual open principle of the operational amplifier, a constant current output is achieved, so that the output current does not fluctuate with changes in scalp contact impedance, ensuring stimulation accuracy. The output terminal is connected to a pair of electrodes 2 to form a complete stimulation circuit.

[0040] In the constant current source subunit 123, such as Figure 10 As shown, operational amplifier U1 is a high-precision operational amplifier powered by a positive power supply voltage. and negative power supply voltage Power is supplied to the DAC, which uses a voltage signal provided by the digital-to-analog converter unit. This signal acts on pin 3, the non-inverting input of the op-amp. During normal operation, due to the principle of virtual short, the voltage at pin 2, the inverting input, is equal to that at the non-inverting input, acting on the sampling resistor. Above. Furthermore, due to the principle of virtual disconnection, the current flowing into the reverse terminal is always 0, meaning there is no current flowing through... The current also flows through the load resistor. Therefore, the output current I can be derived as follows: ; here It is the equivalent resistance of the part of the electrode that is connected to the human body. When set and The above equation is always valid if the following formula is satisfied: By modifying The value can control The size. This is the working principle of a single constant current source unit. Furthermore, pin 1 of the operational amplifiers of the four electrical stimulation modules 1 is connected to their respective edge electrodes, and pin 2 of the operational amplifiers of the four electrical stimulation modules 1 is connected to a single center electrode. The stimulation electrodes are in contact with the scalp in a 4×1 ring array, that is, each electrical stimulation module 1... Access circuit, The circuit is connected in a floating ground configuration, and all four electrical stimulation modules 1 are implemented using isolated circuits. Although the central electrode and pin 2 of the operational amplifier of each electrical stimulation module 1 are short-circuited, the electrical stimulation modules 1... They can still be unequal because their respective reference ground planes GND are different. That is, the currents of the four electrical stimulation modules 1 can be arbitrarily configured. Furthermore, due to the independence of each pathway, damage to a single electrical stimulation module 1 will not cause a sudden increase in the current of the other three electrical stimulation modules 1, resulting in excessive local current and burns on the scalp and electrodes, thus significantly improving product safety. Moreover, also due to the independence of each pathway, different stimulation waveforms can be simultaneously fitted using the Quest sampling theorem, i.e., continuously modified at extremely high frequencies. The value of causes the current to change accordingly, producing different current waveforms, such as tACS sine waves and tRNS noise waves. The safety of the previous step is a prerequisite for the realization of this function. In this invention, operational amplifier U1 corresponds to a combination of operational amplifiers U54.1 and U54.2.

[0041] As one embodiment, the multi-channel electrical stimulation module 1 in this invention adopts a design that combines independent isolated power supply and channel floating ground. Each stimulation module is equipped with an independent DC power isolation unit 13. The power input side shares a common ground, and the output side is electrically isolated from each other, forming multiple independent power supply systems. Each electrical stimulation module 1 uses its own isolated power supply output ground as an independent floating ground reference potential and has no electrical connection with the system ground or other channel grounds. The output terminals of the multi-channel electrical stimulation module 1 are respectively connected to multiple edge electrodes 2 (positive electrodes), and the loop terminals are connected to the same center electrode 2 for current convergence. Since each channel adopts a floating ground design, the common short circuit of the center electrode 2 (negative electrode 22) will not cause electrical coupling between channels. The multi-channel stimulation current can be adjusted independently and does not interfere with each other, fundamentally avoiding the risk of current crosstalk and overcurrent burns caused by poor contact of a single electrode 2, while ensuring constant current output accuracy and waveform stability.

[0042] The power module 3 includes a voltage regulator unit 31, a power supply unit 32, a switching unit 33, a charging unit 35, a battery voltage detection unit 36, and an energy storage device 34. The power supply unit 32 is connected to both the voltage regulator unit 31 and the switching unit 33, and is connected to an external power source. The switching unit 33 controls the on / off state of the multi-channel electrical stimulation module 1. The energy storage device 34 is connected to both the charging unit 35 and the power supply unit 32, and the battery detection unit is connected to both the energy storage device 34 and the control module 4.

[0043] Specifically, the energy storage device 34 can directly power the internal components of the high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator 100, ensuring that the device is mobile and portable. In this embodiment, the energy storage device 34 uses a lithium battery, and the charging unit 35 charges the energy storage device 34 to complete the adaptation from external power supply to system power supply. The power supply unit 32 serves as the power supply input for the whole machine and a common power distribution node, receiving external power supply and output from the energy storage device 34. The battery voltage detection unit 36 ​​collects the battery terminal voltage in real time and sends the voltage signal to the control module 4 to realize battery power monitoring, undervoltage protection, overvoltage protection and charging status judgment. The switch unit 33 receives the instructions from the control module 4 and uniformly turns on or off the power supply of the multiple electrical stimulation modules 1 at the hardware level to realize safe enable control and immediately cut off the stimulation power supply in case of abnormality.

[0044] The power supply unit 32 includes a battery management chip U5, which is an SLM6305 and is responsible for lithium battery output management. The charging unit 35 includes an interface and a level shifting chip U6. The interface uses a TYPE-C port to receive an external 5V power input for power supply of the whole machine and battery charging. The level shifting chip U6 is an SN74LVC1T45DBVR and is used to realize the level conversion of signals in different voltage domains to ensure reliable transmission of charging control and status signals. The battery voltage detection unit 36 ​​outputs a sampling signal for the control module 4 to determine the battery status.

[0045] The voltage regulating unit 31 includes a first voltage regulating subunit 311 and a second voltage regulating subunit 312. The first voltage regulating subunit 311 is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion unit 16 and the digital isolation subunit 121, and the second voltage regulating subunit 312 is connected to the power isolation unit 13. Specifically, the first voltage regulating subunit 311 supplies power to the analog-to-digital conversion unit 16 and the digital isolation subunit 121, and the second voltage regulating subunit 312 is connected to the power isolation unit 13 of each electrical stimulation module 1 to supply power to each electrical stimulation module 1.

[0046] The first voltage regulator subunit 311 includes a DC-DC power chip U6, which is a TPS63001DRCR. The second voltage regulator subunit 312 includes a DC-DC power chip U9, which is an MT3608.

[0047] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0048] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0049] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0050] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0051] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0052] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. The illustrative expressions of the above terms in this specification should not be construed as necessarily referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0053] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Since these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

[0054] The above description describes specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator, characterized in that, It includes a multi-channel electrical stimulation module, a power supply module, a control module, and multiple pairs of electrodes. The control module is connected to the multi-channel electrical stimulation module. The power supply module is connected to both the control module and the multi-channel electrical stimulation module. The power supply module supplies power to both the control module and the multi-channel electrical stimulation module. The control module controls the multi-channel electrical stimulation module to output electrical signals. One electrical stimulation module is connected to any pair of electrodes. Any pair of electrodes includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode. Any one-way electrical stimulation module includes an electrode detection unit and an electrical stimulation unit. The electrode detection unit is connected to the electrical stimulation unit, and the electrical stimulation unit is connected to any pair of electrodes. The electrical stimulation unit transmits electrical signals to the electrodes. The electrode detection unit detects the current output by the electrical stimulation unit to the electrodes and the contact resistance between the electrodes and the scalp. The electrode detachment is determined by the output current and the contact resistance.

2. The high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes an interaction module, which is connected to the control module and visualizes the information transmitted by the control module.

3. The high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply module includes a voltage regulator unit, a power supply unit, and a switching unit. The power supply unit is connected to both the voltage regulator unit and the switching unit, and is connected to an external power source. The switching unit controls the on and off of the multi-channel electrical stimulation module.

4. The high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power module includes an energy storage device and a charging unit, with the energy storage device connected to both the charging unit and the power supply unit.

5. The high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power module includes a battery voltage detection unit, which is connected to both the energy storage device and the control module.

6. The high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical stimulation module includes a power isolation unit and a boost unit. The power isolation unit is connected to the boost unit and the power stabilizing unit. The boost unit is connected to both the electrical stimulation unit and the electrode detection unit.

7. The high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical stimulation module includes a voltage inversion unit, which is connected to a power isolation unit and is also connected to the electrical stimulation unit and the electrode detection unit.

8. The high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical stimulation module includes an analog-to-digital converter, which is connected to both the electrode detection unit and the control module.

9. The high-precision transcranial electrical stimulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage regulation unit includes a first voltage regulation subunit and a second voltage regulation subunit. The first voltage regulation subunit is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion unit and the digital isolation subunit, and the second voltage regulation subunit is connected to the power isolation unit.

10. The high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical stimulation unit includes a digital isolation subunit, a digital-to-analog converter subunit, and a constant current source subunit. The digital isolation subunit is connected to the digital-to-analog converter subunit, the digital-to-analog converter subunit is connected to the constant current source subunit, and the constant current source subunit is connected to any pair of electrodes.

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