A flow field self-balancing bag type dust removal device and a dust removal method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of dust removal, and particularly relates to a flow field self-balancing type bag type dust removal device and a dust removal method. The device comprises an upper box body, a lower box body and a controller. The upper box body is respectively provided with a dust-containing flue gas inlet and an air outlet flue interface at two ends. The air outlet flue interface is connected with a draft fan and a chimney. A plurality of air chambers are arranged in the upper and lower box bodies. A filter bag is arranged in each air chamber. The plurality of air chambers are divided into a plurality of sub-zones. A flue flow regulating mechanism and a wind speed transmitter are arranged in each sub-zone. An air regulating door control mechanism and a differential pressure ash cleaning controller are arranged in each air chamber. The present application controls the wind speed deviation of each region within 5% through self-balancing regulation of the wind speed, effectively avoids abnormal wear of the filter bag caused by excessively high local wind speed. Meanwhile, the present application makes the filtering air volume and the ash cleaning frequency of each air chamber consistent through self-balancing regulation of the air volume, avoids fatigue and damage of the filter bag in the low load area due to excessive ash cleaning, and finally makes the service life of all filter bags consistent, thereby greatly reducing the filter bag maintenance and replacement frequency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust removal technology, specifically to a flow field self-balancing bag filter and dust removal method. Background Technology

[0002] Baghouse dust collectors are high-efficiency dry dust collection devices widely used in industries such as metallurgy, mining, cement, power, chemicals, and asphalt mixing plants. They are mainly used for flue gas purification and dust recovery. Their core working principle is to use filter bags made of fibrous fabric to filter dust-laden gas: when the dust-laden gas flows through the filter bags, the dust is trapped on the surface of the filter bags, while the purified gas is discharged through the filter bags, thus achieving gas-solid separation.

[0003] In typical asphalt mixing plant dust control systems, a two-stage dust collection system is commonly used. The primary dust collection stage typically employs gravity, louvered, or volute dust collectors to capture large particles of 75 μm and above. The secondary stage uses baghouse dust collectors to finely filter the remaining fine dust (below 75 μm) after the primary stage. Dust-laden flue gas passes through both stages of dust collection under the negative pressure of an induced draft fan, and is finally discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney. Since the filter bags in the baghouse dust collector are the core filtration medium, their service life directly determines the filtration accuracy, operational stability, and maintenance economy of the dust collection system. However, long-term operational experience shows that the degree of damage to filter bags often varies significantly between different chambers within a baghouse dust collector, and even between different locations within the same chamber. Some filter bags fail prematurely, while others continue to operate normally. This uneven aging phenomenon not only increases the risk of exceeding emission standards but also significantly increases the frequency of filter bag inspection and replacement, posing a serious challenge to equipment operational stability and maintenance costs.

[0004] The reasons for inconsistent filter bag lifespan are complex, mainly including two aspects: First, after dust-laden gas enters the dust collector from the flue, the airflow velocity is excessively high in some areas due to the limited air intake structure, especially near the flue outlet. This high-velocity area causes strong scouring and wear on the filter bags, significantly reducing their lifespan. Second, uneven airflow distribution between dust collection chambers leads to significant differences in the dust accumulation rate on the filter bag surface in different areas. When using a uniform cleaning sequence, areas with lower dust loads are forced to undergo the same high-frequency cleaning as high-load areas, causing filter bag fatigue and friction damage with the filter cage, further shortening the lifespan of filter bags in low-load areas. Existing technologies often attempt to solve these problems from a single dimension, failing to systematically consider the coupled effects of airflow velocity and volume, resulting in the long-standing unresolved issue of inconsistent filter bag lifespan. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a bag filter device capable of achieving self-balancing flow field to improve the working environment of the filter bags from the source and extend their overall service life. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a self-balancing bag filter dust collector and dust removal method. This invention uses self-balancing wind speed adjustment to control the wind speed deviation in each area of ​​the dust collector within 5%, effectively avoiding abnormal wear of the filter bags caused by excessively high local wind speeds. At the same time, through self-balancing air volume adjustment, the filtration air volume and cleaning frequency of each air chamber tend to be consistent, preventing filter bags in low-load areas from premature fatigue damage due to excessive cleaning. Ultimately, this makes the lifespan of all filter bags tend to be consistent, significantly reducing the frequency of filter bag maintenance and replacement.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a self-balancing bag filter dust collector, comprising an upper housing, a lower housing, and a controller. The upper housing has a dust-laden flue gas inlet and an exhaust flue gas interface at its left and right ends, respectively. The exhaust flue gas interface is connected to an induced draft fan and a chimney. Multiple air chambers are provided within the internal cavities of the upper and lower housings, each chamber containing a filter bag. These air chambers are divided into several zones, and each zone is equipped with a flue gas flow equalization mechanism for regulating the flow of dust-laden gas entering different zones of the lower housing. The gas velocity is adjusted to ensure that the velocity difference between each zone does not exceed a preset threshold. Each zone is equipped with a wind speed transmitter for real-time monitoring of the wind velocity in each area. Each air chamber has an air damper control mechanism at its outlet to adjust the filtration volume of the corresponding air chamber. Each air chamber is equipped with a differential pressure cleaning controller to monitor the differential pressure between the air chambers and control the backflushing cleaning action of the corresponding air chamber. The controllers are electrically connected to the flue gas flow equalization mechanism, the air damper control mechanism, the differential pressure cleaning controller, and the wind speed transmitter.

[0007] The flue gas flow equalization adjustment mechanism includes a rotating shaft, a flow equalization adjustment plate, a first electric actuator, a bearing seat, an electric actuator holder, and a flow equalization fixing plate. The rotating shaft is mounted on the bearing seat, and the flow equalization adjustment plate is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft. The first electric actuator is used to drive the flow equalization adjustment plate to rotate, so as to adjust the air intake speed in different areas of the lower chamber.

[0008] The flow equalization regulating plate includes a flow equalization regulating plate one and a flow equalization regulating plate two, and the flow equalization fixing plate includes a flow equalization fixing plate one and a flow equalization fixing plate two; the flow equalization regulating plate one and the flow equalization regulating plate two are respectively connected to a first electric actuator, and the first electric actuator is used to drive the flow equalization regulating plate one and the flow equalization regulating plate two to rotate, so as to adjust the air intake speed of different areas in the lower box.

[0009] The damper control mechanism includes a damper, a second electric actuator, and a connecting rod; the second electric actuator drives the damper to rotate via the connecting rod to adjust the airflow of the corresponding air chamber.

[0010] The differential pressure cleaning controller includes a seamless pipe, a connector, a straight-through terminal pipe connector, a first nylon pipe, a straight-through pipe connector, an air filter, a straight-through reducing pipe connector, a second nylon pipe, a straight-through terminal pipe connector, and a differential pressure transmitter with display, which are connected in sequence. The differential pressure transmitter is used to monitor the resistance differential pressure of the corresponding air chamber.

[0011] An online flue dust meter and a differential pressure flow meter are installed at the dust-laden flue gas inlet to monitor the inlet dust concentration and inlet flow rate in real time. The controller is also electrically connected to the online flue dust meter and the differential pressure flow meter and is used to calculate the theoretical dust removal cycle based on the monitoring data.

[0012] Each of the air chambers is also equipped with a cylinder backflush actuator, and the outside of the cylinder backflush actuator is connected to a backflush air inlet.

[0013] A self-balancing bag filter method, using a self-balancing bag filter device as described above, includes the following steps: Step 1: Self-balancing wind speed adjustment: The dust-laden gas entering the lower chamber is divided into multiple zones, and a wind speed transmitter is installed in each zone to monitor the wind speed value in real time. The data is then transmitted to the control box; the control box calculates the average wind speed across all zones. and according to Determine whether the wind speed in each area is balanced; if a certain area does not meet the condition, the control box will activate the first electric actuator in the flue flow equalization adjustment mechanism to adjust the corresponding flow equalization adjustment plate in sequence by a 5% rotation angle until the wind speed in that area meets the determination condition. Step 2: Airflow self-balancing adjustment: Dust removal is controlled based on differential pressure, and the differential pressure value of each air chamber is monitored. When the pressure difference in a certain air chamber reaches the set pressure difference value, the control box opens the back-flushing actuator of the corresponding cylinder to start cleaning, and determines whether the pressure drop has reached the preset value. If the dust concentration value is not reached, dust removal continues; if it is reached, the cylinder back-flushing actuator is shut down and enters the filtration state. Simultaneously, the control box adjusts the dust concentration C at the bag filter inlet according to the dust concentration value. i Inlet flow rate Q, filtration area S, dust bulk density Differential pressure setpoint Theoretical cleaning cycle t for structural parameters and calculation f Then, the theoretical number of cleaning cycles n within the specified time t is calculated. f =t / t f The control box monitors the actual number of times n is cleaned in each air chamber within a specified time. t ,like Then the control box opens the second electric actuator in the damper control mechanism corresponding to that air chamber, sequentially increasing or decreasing the damper opening by 5% until... .

[0014] In step two, the theoretical dust removal cycle t f for: In the formula, The density of secondary dust. This refers to the dust concentration at the inlet of the bag filter. To filter air velocity, B represents the resistance when the bag filter completes cleaning, where B is the dust layer resistance coefficient. The resistance of the dust collector.

[0015] The resistance of the dust collector is: in, For the structural resistance of the dust collector, To clean the filter media resistance, For residual resistance of filter media, Resistance to the accumulation of dust layer; The resistance range of the dust collector is generally 1200Pa to 1500Pa. The differential pressure setting values ​​of this invention are set to 1200Pa and 1500Pa respectively. When the measured differential pressure value of a certain air chamber is... Dust removal begins when the pressure difference equals the set value; actual measured pressure difference value. When the pressure difference is less than the preset low-pressure alarm threshold, the control box issues a low-value alarm, prompting the user to check for filter bag damage; when the measured pressure difference is... When the pressure is greater than or equal to 3000Pa, the control box will issue a high-value alarm, prompting you to check for filter bag blockage or malfunction of the dust removal actuator.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, this invention provides a self-balancing bag filter dust collector and dust removal method, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention divides multiple air chambers into several zones and installs a wind speed transmitter in each zone, realizing independent and real-time monitoring of the wind speed in different areas inside the dust collector. This structure provides a data basis for subsequent precise adjustment of wind speed, avoiding the problem of insufficient representativeness caused by single-point monitoring. 2. In the flue area where the dust-laden flue gas enters the housing, this invention sets a rotatable flow equalization plate and its corresponding first electric actuator. This structure can directly mechanically intervene in the airflow distribution at the flue gas inlet, changing the airflow distribution ratio of each area by adjusting the angle of the adjustment plate, thus physically solving the problem of excessively high or uneven local wind speed from the source. The structure is simple, the response is direct, and the adjustment is reliable. 3. This invention sets a regulating damper with a second electric actuator at the outlet of each air chamber. This structure allows for independent and precise adjustment of the filtration airflow in each chamber. Based on the actual cleaning frequency or pressure difference feedback of each chamber, the airflow output of a particular chamber can be individually increased or decreased, thereby eliminating airflow deviations between different chambers and achieving true chamber-specific airflow balance. 4. Each chamber in this invention is equipped with an independent pressure difference detection pipeline and transmitter (such as seamless pipe, connector, nylon pipe, pressure difference transmitter, etc.), and is electrically connected to the controller. This structure ensures that the cleaning action of each chamber is directly determined by its own pressure difference, achieving independent pressure difference control for each chamber. This avoids the problem of fatigue damage to filter bags in low-load areas caused by cleaning chambers with different dust loads at the same high frequency under sequential cleaning methods. 5. This invention uses self-balancing wind speed regulation to control the wind speed deviation in different areas of the dust collector to within 5%, effectively avoiding abnormal wear of the filter bags caused by excessively high local wind speeds. Simultaneously, self-balancing airflow regulation ensures that the filtration airflow and cleaning frequency of each chamber are consistent, preventing premature fatigue and damage to filter bags in low-load areas due to excessive cleaning. Ultimately, this results in a more uniform lifespan for all filter bags, significantly reducing the frequency of filter bag maintenance and replacement. 6. This invention uses coupled wind speed and airflow control as its core. It first adjusts the velocity distribution of the flue gas after it enters the housing, and then dynamically adjusts the airflow in each chamber based on real-time differential pressure feedback, forming a closed-loop control. The internal flow field of the dust collector can automatically maintain balance, eliminating the problems of localized high-speed scouring and uneven airflow distribution, significantly improving the long-term stability of the equipment. 7. The entire control process of this invention is automatically completed by the control box, including wind speed monitoring, flow equalization plate angle adjustment, differential pressure judgment, cleaning execution, damper opening adjustment, and theoretical cleaning cycle calculation. The system has automatic monitoring, automatic calculation, automatic adjustment and automatic dust removal functions, which greatly reduces the labor intensity and skill threshold of operators. It also has the ability to self-diagnose faults and provide alarm prompts for abnormal pressure differences.

[0017] The following will provide further explanation in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a side view of the self-balancing bag filter of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a front view cross-sectional view of a flow field self-balancing bag filter device according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a control wiring diagram for a flow field self-balancing bag filter device of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged view of the flue gas flow equalization adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the control structure for a single independent air chamber in this invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a control flow diagram of a self-balancing bag filter according to the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1-Upper housing; 2-Lower housing; 3-Outlet flue interface; 4-Exhaust fan; 5-Chimney; 6-Flue flow equalization adjustment mechanism; 61-Rotating shaft; 62-Flow equalization adjustment plate one; 63-Flow equalization adjustment plate two; 64-First electric actuator; 65-Bearing seat; 66-Electric actuator holder; 67-Flow equalization fixing plate one; 68-Flow equalization fixing plate two; 7-Air chamber (71-715 correspond to air chamber one to air chamber fifteen respectively); 8-Air damper control mechanism; 81-Air damper; 82-Second electric actuator; 83-Connecting rod; 9-Cylinder backflush actuator (9 1 to 915 correspond to actuator one to actuator fifteen respectively; 10-dust-laden flue gas inlet; 11-differential pressure cleaning controller; 111-seamless pipe; 112-connector; 113-straight-through terminal pipe connector one; 114-first nylon pipe; 115-straight-through pipe connector; 116-air filter; 117-straight-through reducing pipe connector; 118-second nylon pipe; 119-straight-through terminal pipe connector two; 1110-differential pressure transmitter; 12-backflush airflow inlet; 13-wind speed transmitter; 14-online flue dust meter; 15-differential pressure flow meter; 16-filter bag. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1 Reference Figure 1-5A self-balancing bag filter dust collector includes an upper housing 1, a lower housing 2, and a controller. The upper housing 1 has a dust-laden gas inlet 10 and an exhaust duct interface 3 at its left and right ends, respectively. The exhaust duct interface 3 is connected to an induced draft fan 4 and a chimney 5. Multiple air chambers 7 are provided within the internal cavities of the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 2, and each air chamber 7 contains a filter bag 16. The multiple air chambers 7 are divided into several zones, and each zone is equipped with a flue gas flow equalization mechanism 6 for adjusting the wind speed of the dust-laden gas entering different zones of the lower housing. To ensure that the wind speed difference between each zone does not exceed a preset threshold, each zone is equipped with a wind speed transmitter 13 for real-time monitoring of the wind speed in each area; each air chamber 7 is equipped with an air damper control mechanism 8 at its outlet for adjusting the filtration air volume of the corresponding air chamber; each air chamber 7 is equipped with a differential pressure cleaning controller 11 for monitoring the air chamber differential pressure and controlling the backflushing cleaning action of the corresponding air chamber; the controllers are electrically connected to the flue flow equalization adjustment mechanism 6, the air damper control mechanism 8, the differential pressure cleaning controller 11, and the wind speed transmitter 13.

[0027] In this invention, dust-laden flue gas, after primary dust removal, enters the upper chamber 1 through the dust-laden flue gas inlet 10 and flows downward into the lower chamber 2 under the negative pressure of the induced draft fan 4. The wind speed transmitters 13 in each zone monitor the wind speed of their respective areas in real time and transmit the data to the controller. The controller determines whether the wind speed in each zone is balanced according to a preset algorithm. The flue gas flow equalization mechanism 6 adjusts the inlet wind speed of each zone to ensure that the wind speed difference between zones does not exceed 5%. Simultaneously, the differential pressure cleaning controller 11 in each chamber 7 monitors the differential pressure in that chamber. When the differential pressure reaches a set value, it controls the cylinder back-blowing actuator 9 to perform cleaning. The damper control mechanism 8 adjusts the airflow according to the cleaning frequency of each chamber. The controller coordinates all actions to achieve automatic balance of wind speed and airflow. The technical effects of this embodiment are: through zoned wind speed monitoring and independent differential pressure cleaning, a uniform flow field is initially achieved, reducing local high-speed wear and extending the overall lifespan of the filter bags; centralized management by the controller reduces manual intervention.

[0028] Example 2 Based on Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, preferably, the flue gas flow equalization adjustment mechanism 6 includes a rotating shaft 61, a flow equalization adjustment plate, a first electric actuator 64, a bearing seat 65, an electric actuator holder 66, and a flow equalization fixing plate; the rotating shaft 61 is mounted on the bearing seat 65, the flow equalization adjustment plate is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 61, and the first electric actuator 64 is used to drive the flow equalization adjustment plate to rotate, so as to adjust the air intake speed in different areas of the lower housing 2.

[0029] In use, the first electric actuator 64 of the flue gas flow equalization adjustment mechanism 6 receives a controller command and drives the rotating shaft 61 to rotate the flow equalization adjustment plate. The bearing seat 65 supports the rotating shaft to ensure smooth rotation. When the wind speed in a certain zone is too high, the controller controls the first electric actuator 64 to rotate the flow equalization adjustment plate in a direction that reduces the air inlet cross-section of that zone, in 5% increments; when the wind speed is too low, it rotates in the opposite direction. The flow equalization fixed plate remains stationary, forming a variable flue gas channel together with the adjustment plate. The technical advantages of this embodiment are: by directly intervening in the inlet flow field through a mechanical rotating adjustment plate, the structure is simple, the response is direct, and the adjustment is reliable. It can solve the problem of excessively high or uneven local wind speeds from the source, and maintenance is convenient.

[0030] Example 3 Based on Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, preferably, the flow equalization regulating plate includes a first flow equalization regulating plate 62 and a second flow equalization regulating plate 63, and the flow equalization fixing plate includes a first flow equalization fixing plate 67 and a second flow equalization fixing plate 68; the first flow equalization regulating plate 62 and the second flow equalization regulating plate 63 are respectively connected to a first electric actuator 64, which is used to drive the first flow equalization regulating plate 62 and the second flow equalization regulating plate 63 to rotate, so as to adjust the air intake speed of different areas in the lower housing 2.

[0031] In this invention, flow equalization regulating plate 62 is responsible for regulating the inlet air velocity in zones one to four, and flow equalization regulating plate 63 is responsible for regulating the inlet air velocity in zones four to seven. Two first electric actuators 64 independently control the two regulating plates. The controller calculates the air velocity deviation on the left and right sides based on the data from the wind speed transmitters 13 of the seven zones, and independently adjusts the rotation angle of the two regulating plates. For example, when the air velocity in zone one is high, only regulating plate 1 rotates downwards; when the air velocity in zone seven is low, only regulating plate 2 rotates downwards, without interference. The technical effect of this embodiment is that dividing the lower housing into two regulating domains allows for a more precise balance of the air velocity on the left and right sides, avoiding the problem of limited adjustment range of a single regulating plate, ensuring that the air velocity deviation in all seven zones can be controlled within 5%, resulting in a more uniform airflow distribution.

[0032] Example 4 Based on Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, preferably, the air regulating damper control mechanism 8 includes an air regulating damper 81, a second electric actuator 82, and a connecting rod 83; the second electric actuator 82 drives the air regulating damper 81 to rotate through the connecting rod 83 to adjust the air volume of the corresponding air chamber.

[0033] In this invention, an air regulating damper 81 is installed at the air outlet of each air chamber 7. The second electric actuator 82 drives the air regulating damper to rotate via a connecting rod 83. The controller determines whether the air volume needs to be adjusted based on the difference between the actual number of cleaning cycles and the theoretical number of cleaning cycles for each air chamber within a specified time. If the actual number of cleaning cycles for a certain air chamber is too low and the air volume is too small, the second electric actuator 82 is controlled to gradually increase the opening of the air regulating damper by 5% each time; if it is too high and the air volume is too large, the opening is gradually decreased until the cleaning frequency deviates from the theoretical value within ±2 times. The technical effect of this embodiment is: to achieve independent and precise air volume adjustment for each chamber, eliminate air volume deviation between different air chambers, avoid fatigue damage to filter bags in low-load areas due to excessive cleaning, and ensure effective cleaning of filter bags in high-load areas.

[0034] Example 5 Based on Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, preferably, the differential pressure cleaning controller 11 includes a seamless pipe 111, a connector 112, a straight-through terminal pipe connector 113, a first nylon pipe 114, a straight-through pipe connector 115, an air filter 116, a straight-through reducing pipe connector 117, a second nylon pipe 118, a straight-through terminal pipe connector 119, and a differential pressure transmitter 1110 with display, which is used to monitor the resistance differential pressure of the corresponding air chamber.

[0035] In use, the differential pressure cleaning controller 11 in each air chamber 7 transmits the air chamber pressure signal to the differential pressure transmitter 1110 with display via a seamless pipe 111, connector 112, straight-through terminal pipe connector 113, first nylon pipe 114, straight-through pipe connector 115, air filter 116, straight-through reducer pipe connector 117, second nylon pipe 118, and straight-through terminal pipe connector 119. The differential pressure transmitter 1110 displays the differential pressure value in real time and transmits it to the controller. When the differential pressure reaches a set value, the controller triggers the cylinder backflush actuator 9 of that air chamber to perform cleaning; after cleaning, the pressure drop reaches a preset value. The process stops at a certain time. Air filter 116 protects the differential pressure transmitter from dust contamination. The technical advantages of this embodiment are: each air chamber independently detects its own differential pressure and independently controls dust removal, avoiding the problem of air chambers with different dust loads being cleaned at the same high frequency under sequential dust removal; the pipeline design is compact, has strong anti-interference ability, high measurement accuracy, and effectively prevents filter bag fatigue damage.

[0036] Example 6 Based on Example 1, in this embodiment, preferably, an online flue dust meter 14 and a differential pressure flow meter 15 are provided at the dust-laden flue gas inlet 10 for real-time monitoring of inlet dust concentration and inlet flow; the controller is also electrically connected to the online flue dust meter 14 and the differential pressure flow meter 15, and is used to calculate the theoretical dust removal cycle based on the monitoring data.

[0037] In use, the online flue dust meter 14 monitors the dust concentration at the flue gas inlet 10 in real time, and the differential pressure flow meter 15 monitors the inlet flow rate in real time. All data is transmitted to the controller. The controller calculates the dust concentration, flow rate, filter area S, dust bulk density, differential pressure setpoint ΔP, and resistance when the bag filter completes cleaning. The theoretical cleaning cycle and the theoretical number of cleaning cycles within a specified time are calculated using a formula. These are then compared with the actual number of cleaning cycles, serving as the basis for adjusting the air damper. The technical advantages of this embodiment are: dynamically calculating the theoretical cleaning cycle based on real-time operating conditions makes airflow adjustment more scientific and precise, adapting to changes in production volume and concentration; automatically monitoring inlet parameters eliminates the need for manual setting, improving the system's adaptability and intelligence level.

[0038] Example 7 Based on Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, preferably, each air chamber 7 is further provided with a cylinder backflush actuator 9, and the cylinder backflush actuator 9 is connected to a backflush airflow inlet 12 on its outer side.

[0039] In use, each air chamber 7 is equipped with a cylinder back-blowing actuator 9 at its top, connected to a back-blowing airflow inlet 12 on its outer side. When the controller determines that a certain air chamber needs cleaning, it opens the corresponding cylinder back-blowing actuator 9, and the back-blowing airflow enters from the back-blowing inlet 12, instantly back-blowing the filter bag 16, causing the dust layer on the surface of the filter bag to fall into the ash hopper. During the cleaning process, the controller monitors the pressure drop change; when the pressure drop drops to a certain value... The back-flushing actuator is shut off when the time is right. The cleaning actions of each chamber do not interfere with each other and can be performed simultaneously or sequentially. The technical effects of this embodiment are: independent back-flushing cleaning of each chamber, controllable cleaning intensity, and avoidance of over-cleaning of low-load filter bags; isolation between back-flushing airflow and filtering airflow, reducing secondary dust; fast response and high reliability of the cylinder back-flushing actuator, combined with differential pressure control, to achieve on-demand cleaning.

[0040] Example 8 like Figure 6 As shown, a flow field self-balancing bag filter method, using a flow field self-balancing bag filter device as described above, includes the following steps: Step 1: Self-balancing wind speed adjustment: The dust-laden gas entering the lower chamber is divided into multiple zones, and a wind speed transmitter is installed in each zone to monitor the wind speed value in real time. The data is then transmitted to the control box; the control box calculates the average wind speed across all zones. and according to Determine whether the wind speed in each area is balanced; if a certain area does not meet the condition, the control box will activate the first electric actuator in the flue flow equalization adjustment mechanism to adjust the corresponding flow equalization adjustment plate in sequence by a 5% rotation angle until the wind speed in that area meets the determination condition. Step 2: Airflow self-balancing adjustment: Dust removal is controlled based on differential pressure, and the differential pressure value of each air chamber is monitored. When the pressure difference in a certain air chamber reaches the set pressure difference value, the control box opens the back-flushing actuator of the corresponding cylinder to start cleaning, and determines whether the pressure drop has reached the preset value. If the dust concentration value is not reached, dust removal continues; if it is reached, the cylinder back-flushing actuator is shut down and enters the filtration state. Simultaneously, the control box adjusts the dust concentration C at the bag filter inlet according to the dust concentration value. i Inlet flow rate Q, filtration area S, dust bulk density Differential pressure setpoint Theoretical cleaning cycle t for structural parameters and calculation f Then, the theoretical number of cleaning cycles n within the specified time t is calculated. f =t / t f The control box monitors the actual number of times n is cleaned in each air chamber within a specified time. t ,like Then the control box opens the second electric actuator in the damper control mechanism corresponding to that air chamber, sequentially increasing or decreasing the damper opening by 5% until... .

[0041] In step two, the theoretical dust removal cycle t f for: In the formula, The density of secondary dust. This refers to the dust concentration at the inlet of the bag filter. To filter air velocity, B represents the resistance when the bag filter completes cleaning, where B is the dust layer resistance coefficient. The resistance of the dust collector.

[0042] The resistance of the dust collector is: in, For the structural resistance of the dust collector, To clean the filter media resistance, For residual resistance of filter media, Resistance to the accumulation of dust layer; The resistance range of the dust collector is generally 1200Pa to 1500Pa. The differential pressure setting values ​​of this invention are set to 1200Pa and 1500Pa respectively. When the measured differential pressure value of a certain air chamber is... Dust removal begins when the pressure difference equals the set value; actual measured pressure difference value. When the pressure difference is less than the preset low-pressure alarm threshold, the control box issues a low-value alarm, prompting the user to check for filter bag damage; when the measured pressure difference is... When the pressure is greater than or equal to 3000Pa, the control box will issue a high-value alarm, prompting you to check for filter bag blockage or malfunction of the dust removal actuator.

[0043] Example 9 A self-balancing bag filter as described in Example 1 is used for dust removal, employing a self-balancing bag filter method as described in Example 8. The air chamber 7 comprises air chamber 1 (71), air chamber 2 (72), air chamber 3 (73), air chamber 4 (74), air chamber 5 (75), air chamber 6 (76), air chamber 7 (77), air chamber 8 (78), air chamber 9 (79), air chamber 10 (710), air chamber 11 (711), air chamber 12 (712), air chamber 13 (713), air chamber 14 (714), and air chamber 15 (715). The cylinder back-flushing actuator 9 includes a cylinder back-flushing mechanism. The actuator consists of actuator 1 (91), actuator 2 (92), actuator 3 (93), actuator 4 (94), actuator 5 (95), actuator 6 (96), actuator 7 (97), actuator 8 (98), actuator 9 (99), actuator 10 (910), actuator 11 (911), actuator 12 (912), actuator 13 (913), actuator 14 (914), and actuator 15 (915). The specific process is as follows: Step 1: After primary filtration, the dust-laden gas enters the bag filter through flue gas inlet 10. The dust-laden gas entering the filter is divided into seven zones. The air velocity in zones 1, 2, 3, and 4 is regulated and controlled by flow equalization plate 62, while the air velocity in zones 4, 5, 6, and 7 is regulated and controlled by flow equalization plate 63. Ultimately, this ensures that the air velocity difference between the seven zones is within 5%, preventing excessively high local air velocities and achieving self-balancing of the air velocity within the bag filter. The automatic control process is as follows: After the dust-laden gas enters the bag filter, it is first divided into three parts by the flow equalization fixing plate 67, the flow equalization fixing plate 68, and the flow equalization regulating plate 62 and the flow equalization regulating plate 63 located in the initial position, which then enter the lower chamber. Then, the wind speed values ​​of the seven zones are monitored in real time by the wind speed dampers 13 installed in the seven zones and the readings are recorded. ( The data is transmitted to the control box, which then calculates the average wind speed of the seven areas according to equation (1). Finally, based on equation (2), the wind speed for each region is calculated. For the average The deviation is judged, if each If all conditions are met, it is considered that the dust-laden gas entering the bag filter has reached a velocity equilibrium. If a certain condition is met, the dust-laden gas entering the bag filter has reached a velocity equilibrium. If equation (2) is not satisfied, adjust the corresponding flow equalization plate, rotating it sequentially by 5% each time until the desired flow is achieved in that area. Until equation (2) is satisfied; (1) (2) Step 2: After achieving self-balancing of the air velocity inside the bag filter in Step 1, the air volume self-balancing adjustment stage begins. Air volume adjustment is based on pressure difference; therefore, this stage uses pressure difference control for dust removal as the foundation and the frequency of dust removal device operation as the monitoring target for air volume adjustment. Its automatic control process is as follows: First, monitor the readings of 15 differential pressure transmitters in the air chambers. (i=1~15), and its value is transmitted to the control box, which then determines the readings of the 15 differential pressure transmitters. If the reading in a certain chamber equals the set pressure value, the backflush actuator of the corresponding cylinder in that chamber is opened to start cleaning. Then, it is determined whether the pressure drop has reached the set value. If the set value is not reached, continue cleaning; if it is reached, shut off the cylinder backflushing actuator and enter the filtration state. If the reading of a certain chamber is not equal to the set value, first determine whether the reading is less than the set value. If the condition is met, the control box will issue a low-value alarm. At this point, check if the filter bag is damaged. If not, continue to check if the reading is greater than or equal to 3000 Pa. If it is, the control box will issue a high-value alarm. Check if the filter bag is clogged or if the dust removal actuator is malfunctioning. If not, continue to check if the reading is less than the differential pressure set value. If not, return to the previous step and check if the reading is greater than or equal to 3000 Pa. If it is, shut down the corresponding cylinder backflushing actuator to perform filtration, and calculate the thickness of the secondary dust layer when the dust removal state is reached. The calculation process is as follows: The resistance of a baghouse dust collector consists of four parts: the structural resistance of the dust collector, the resistance of the clean filter media, the resistance of residual dust in the filter media (primary layer), and the resistance of the accumulated dust layer (secondary dust layer). (3) In the formula, For the resistance of the bag filter, For the structural resistance of the dust collector, To clean the filter media resistance, For residual resistance of filter media, The structural resistance of a baghouse dust collector during normal operation is due to the resistance of the accumulated dust layer. Cleaning filter media resistance Residual resistance of filter media Generally, the resistance is a constant value. The change in the operating resistance of the dust collector is mainly determined by the change in the thickness of the accumulated dust layer. When the thickness reaches the resistance required for dust removal, dust removal begins. When the pressure drop reaches... Filtration begins at a certain time, therefore the dust collector resistance continuously increases during normal operation. The process involves a continuous cycle of filtration and cleaning, alternating between resistance levels that meet the required dust removal thickness. and Expressed by equations (4) and (5) respectively: (4) (5) In the formula, B is the dust layer resistance coefficient, which is usually taken as 2500. This refers to the thickness of the dust layer, expressed in mm, when the set resistance for dust removal is reached. At that time, the following can be obtained from the above formulas. It is represented by equation (6); (6) Secondly, the control box is based on the thickness of the secondary dust layer. Calculate the theoretical dust removal cycle And calculate the theoretical number of cleaning cycles contained within the specified time. It also monitors the actual number of times each differential pressure transmitter in the 15 air chambers is cleaned within a specified time. This refers to the actual number of times the cylinder backflush actuator operates, which is ultimately determined by the control box. The system makes a judgment. If the conditions are met, the cleaning device is considered to operate at a balanced frequency, and normal filtration and differential pressure control cleaning continues. If the judgment conditions are not met, the control box opens the second electric actuator corresponding to a certain air chamber to adjust the opening of the damper. The damper's airflow is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the opening by 5% at a time until... Until the judgment condition is met, The calculation process is as follows: The dust load on the filter material surface when dust removal is achieved can be calculated from equation (6). (Unit is) ), expressed by equation (7), the dust load is also related to the inlet dust concentration, filtration velocity and cleaning cycle, and can be expressed as equation (8); (7) (8) In the formula, This refers to the density of secondary dust, in units of... , This refers to the dust concentration at the inlet of the bag filter, in units of... , Filtration velocity, unit: , This is the theoretical dust removal cycle, in units of... From equations (6), (7), and (8), the theoretical dust removal cycle can be obtained. It is represented by equation (9); (9) Since the filtration velocity is not easy to monitor, it can be measured by monitoring the inlet flow rate of the bag filter. (Unit is) and dust collector filtration area (Unit is) The filtration velocity was calculated. , represented by (10), therefore the theoretical dust removal cycle can also be expressed as (11); (10) (11) The theoretical number of cleaning cycles within the specified time. It can be calculated by equation (12), where For the specified time, the unit is ; (12) Sequence 2: Install one wind speed transmitter in each of zones one through seven inside the lower enclosure to transmit the wind speed values ​​of the seven zones. The data is transmitted to the control box in real time, and the controller then averages it. The system calculates the deviation of wind speed from the average value in each area and determines whether the flue gas flow equalization adjustment mechanism needs to be activated to adjust the wind speed in the corresponding area. It assumes that at a certain moment, when the two flow equalization adjustment plates are in their initial positions (i.e., collinear with the flow equalization fixed plate), the wind speed values ​​in each area are... As shown in Table 1, the specific calculations and adjustments are also presented in Table 1.

[0044] Table 1. Wind speeds in each zone and their calculation adjustments. As shown in Table 1, the wind speed in Zone 1 does not meet the judgment condition (2), so the flow equalization adjustment plate 62 needs to be activated to adjust the wind speed in Zone 1. Since the wind speed in Zone 1 is larger than the average wind speed, the flow equalization adjustment plate 62 is adjusted sequentially from the initial position to the lower limit position by a rotation angle of 5% until the judgment condition is met. The wind speed in Zone 7 does not meet the judgment condition (2), so the flow equalization adjustment plate 63 needs to be activated to adjust the wind speed in Zone 7. Since the wind speed in Zone 7 is smaller than the average wind speed, the flow equalization adjustment plate 63 is adjusted sequentially from the initial position to the lower limit position by a rotation angle of 5% until the judgment condition is met.

[0045] The resistance of a bag filter is generally between 1200 Pa and 1500 Pa, and can be adjusted according to the actual situation on site. Here, the required parameters are calculated with pressure difference setpoints of 1500 Pa and 1200 Pa respectively. Structural resistance during normal operation of the bag filter. Cleaning filter media resistance Residual resistance of filter media Generally a constant value, the operating resistance of a dust collector is mainly determined by the change in the thickness of the accumulated dust layer. Taking the 2000-type cylinder reverse-jet baghouse dust collector as an example, the structural resistance... The value is 400Pa, representing the resistance of the cleaning filter media. The value is 100Pa, and the residual resistance of the filter media is... The value is 400Pa, and the filter area is 620. The inlet dust concentration is monitored in real time using an online flue dust meter 14, and the data is transmitted to the control box. The inlet flow rate is monitored in real time using a differential pressure flow meter 15, and the data is transmitted to the control box. Here, the flow rate is 75,000... The dust concentration at the inlet is 0.05. For the relevant calculations to be performed, the specified time is 30 minutes, and the dust bulk density is 1120. For example, the calculation formula used is given in the principle, and the relevant calculation results are shown in Table 2.

[0046] Table 2 Calculation of Basic Parameters The following example uses a differential pressure setting of 1500Pa to illustrate the adjustment of the damper. Assume that the actual number of actions of the 15-cylinder backflushing actuator within 30 minutes is shown in Table 3. The theoretical number of cleaning cycles within 30 minutes is rounded to 7. The specific adjustment is shown in Table 3.

[0047] Table 3 Specific Adjustments to the Air Damper In the table, the absolute value of the difference between the actual number of actions and the theoretical number of cleaning cycles within 30 minutes for cylinder back-flushing actuators 93 and 915 is greater than 2, which does not meet the judgment condition. Therefore, the airflow control mechanism corresponding to these two cylinder back-flushing actuators should be adjusted. For cylinder back-flushing actuator 93, the actual number of actions within 30 minutes is less than the theoretical number of cleaning cycles, indicating that the actuator operates slowly and the airflow through the filter bag in the corresponding chamber is less. Therefore, the opening of the airflow control mechanism should be increased by 5% at a time until the judgment adjustment is met. For cylinder back-flushing actuator 915, the actual number of actions within 30 minutes is more than the theoretical number of cleaning cycles, indicating that the actuator operates quickly and the airflow through the filter bag in the corresponding chamber is more. Therefore, the opening of the airflow control mechanism should be decreased by 5% at a time until the judgment adjustment is met.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-balancing bag filter dust collector, characterized in that: The system includes an upper housing (1), a lower housing (2), and a controller. The upper housing (1) has a dust-laden gas inlet (10) and an exhaust duct interface (3) at its left and right ends, respectively. The exhaust duct interface (3) is connected to an induced draft fan (4) and a chimney (5). Multiple air chambers (7) are located within the internal cavities of the upper housing (1) and the lower housing (2). Each air chamber (7) contains a filter bag (16). The multiple air chambers (7) are divided into several zones, and each zone is equipped with a flue gas flow equalization mechanism (6) to adjust the wind speed of the dust-laden gas entering different zones of the lower housing, thereby... The wind speed difference between each zone does not exceed a preset threshold. Each zone is equipped with a wind speed transmitter (13) for real-time monitoring of the wind speed in each area. Each air chamber (7) is equipped with an air damper control mechanism (8) at its outlet for adjusting the filtration air volume of the corresponding air chamber. Each air chamber (7) is equipped with a differential pressure cleaning controller (11) for monitoring the air chamber differential pressure and controlling the backflushing cleaning action of the corresponding air chamber. The controller is electrically connected to the flue flow equalization adjustment mechanism (6), the air damper control mechanism (8), the differential pressure cleaning controller (11), and the wind speed transmitter (13).

2. The self-balancing bag filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flue gas flow equalization adjustment mechanism (6) includes a rotating shaft (61), a flow equalization adjustment plate, a first electric actuator (64), a bearing seat (65), an electric actuator holder (66), and a flow equalization fixing plate; the rotating shaft (61) is mounted on the bearing seat (65), the flow equalization adjustment plate is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (61), and the first electric actuator (64) is used to drive the flow equalization adjustment plate to rotate, so as to adjust the air intake speed of different areas in the lower housing (2).

3. The self-balancing bag filter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flow equalization regulating plate includes a flow equalization regulating plate one (62) and a flow equalization regulating plate two (63), and the flow equalization fixing plate includes a flow equalization fixing plate one (67) and a flow equalization fixing plate two (68); the flow equalization regulating plate one (62) and the flow equalization regulating plate two (63) are respectively connected to a first electric actuator (64), and the first electric actuator (64) is used to drive the flow equalization regulating plate one (62) and the flow equalization regulating plate two (63) to rotate, so as to adjust the air intake speed of different areas in the lower box (2).

4. The self-balancing bag filter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The damper control mechanism (8) includes a damper (81), a second electric actuator (82), and a connecting rod (83); the second electric actuator (82) drives the damper (81) to rotate through the connecting rod (83) to adjust the air volume of the corresponding air chamber.

5. The self-balancing bag filter according to claim 4, characterized in that: The differential pressure cleaning controller (11) includes a seamless tube (111), a connector (112), a straight-through terminal pipe connector (113), a first nylon tube (114), a straight-through pipe connector (115), an air filter (116), a straight-through reducing pipe connector (117), a second nylon tube (118), a straight-through terminal pipe connector (119), and a differential pressure transmitter (1110) with a display, which is used to monitor the resistance differential pressure of the corresponding air chamber.

6. The self-balancing bag filter according to claim 5, characterized in that: An online flue dust meter (14) and a differential pressure flow meter (15) are provided at the dust-laden flue gas inlet (10) for real-time monitoring of inlet dust concentration and inlet flow rate; the controller is also electrically connected to the online flue dust meter (14) and the differential pressure flow meter (15) and is used to calculate the theoretical dust removal cycle based on the monitoring data.

7. The self-balancing bag filter according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each of the air chambers (7) is also provided with a cylinder backflush actuator (9), and the cylinder backflush actuator (9) is connected to a backflush air inlet (12) on the outside.

8. A flow field self-balancing bag filter method, using the flow field self-balancing bag filter device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Wind speed self-balancing adjustment: The dust-laden gas entering the lower chamber (2) is divided into multiple zones, and a wind speed transmitter (13) is installed in each zone to monitor the wind speed value of that zone in real time. The data is then transmitted to the control box; the control box calculates the average wind speed across all zones. and according to Determine whether the wind speed in each area is balanced; if a certain area does not meet the condition, the control box starts the corresponding first electric actuator (64) in the flue flow equalization adjustment mechanism (6) and adjusts the corresponding flow equalization adjustment plate in sequence with a rotation angle of 5% until the wind speed in that area meets the determination condition. Step 2: Airflow self-balancing adjustment: Based on differential pressure control for dust removal, monitor the differential pressure value of each air chamber (7). When the pressure difference value of a certain air chamber (7) reaches the pressure difference set value, the control box opens the cylinder back-flushing actuator (9) corresponding to that air chamber (7) to start cleaning, and determines whether the pressure drop has reached the preset value. If the value is not reached, continue cleaning; if the value is reached, shut off the cylinder back-blowing actuator (9) and enter the filtration state. Meanwhile, the control box adjusts the dust concentration C at the inlet of the bag filter. i Inlet flow rate Q, filtration area S, dust bulk density Differential pressure setpoint Theoretical cleaning cycle t for structural parameters and calculation f Then, the theoretical number of cleaning cycles n within the specified time t is calculated. f =t / t f The control box monitors the actual number of times n is cleaned in each air chamber within a specified time. t ,like Then the control box opens the second electric actuator (82) in the damper control mechanism (8) corresponding to the air chamber (7), and sequentially increases or decreases the opening of the damper by 5% until... .

9. The self-balancing bag filter dust collection method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step two, the theoretical dust removal cycle t f for: In the formula, The density of secondary dust. This refers to the dust concentration at the inlet of the bag filter. To filter air velocity, B represents the resistance when the bag filter completes cleaning, where B is the dust layer resistance coefficient. The resistance of the dust collector.

10. The self-balancing bag filter dust collection method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The resistance of the dust collector is: in, For the structural resistance of the dust collector, To clean the filter media resistance, For residual resistance of filter media, Resistance to the accumulation of dust layer; The resistance range of the dust collector is generally 1200Pa to 1500Pa. The differential pressure setting values ​​of this invention are set to 1200Pa and 1500Pa respectively. When the measured differential pressure value of a certain air chamber is... Dust removal begins when the pressure difference equals the set value; actual measured pressure difference value. When the pressure difference is less than the preset low-pressure alarm threshold, the control box issues a low-value alarm, prompting the user to check for filter bag damage; when the measured pressure difference is... When the pressure is greater than or equal to 3000Pa, the control box will issue a high-value alarm, prompting you to check for filter bag blockage or malfunction of the dust removal actuator.

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