A safety type gas purifier

Abstract

The application discloses a safe gas purifier, and relates to the field of atmosphere control and pollution treatment. The safe gas purifier comprises a tank body, the tank body is sequentially provided with an air inlet cavity, a filter cavity, an adsorption purification cavity and an air outlet cavity from top to bottom, and adjacent cavities are separated by a partition plate; a buffer flow-distributing part is arranged in the air inlet cavity, a filter assembly is arranged in the filter cavity, and three groups of annular adsorption cylinders are concentrically arranged in the adsorption purification cavity; a first valve plate, a second valve plate and a third valve plate are connected to the top of the two upper partition plates and the bottom of the lower partition plate through elastic parts; a pressure relief back flushing part is arranged between the air inlet cavity and the filter cavity, and the first valve plate is communicated with the pressure relief back flushing part after being moved; and a first pressure relief pipe and a second pressure relief pipe are arranged at the middle and the bottom of the tank body. The safe gas purifier realizes the unity of efficient purification and use safety through multiple links, such as air inlet buffer flow-distributing, dust removal, adsorption purification, air outlet gas collection and self-adaptive protection of various levels of pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of atmospheric control and pollution treatment technology, specifically a safe gas purifier. Background Technology

[0002] Gas purification devices are core equipment in the fields of air pollution control, industrial gas refining, and process safety protection. They are widely used in many industries such as petrochemicals, coal chemicals, fine chemicals, electronic semiconductors, laboratory research, and nuclear power facilities. Their fundamental function is to selectively remove harmful impurities such as hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen chloride, ammonia, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), water vapor, oxygen, and particulate matter from the gas to be treated through physical adsorption, chemical absorption, catalytic conversion, or membrane separation. This ensures that the purified gas meets the requirements of subsequent processes or national environmental emission standards. Most existing gas purifiers only focus on purification efficiency and material utilization, lacking effective protection for pressure safety during device operation. When the gas purifier is saturated with adsorbent, the airflow channel is blocked, or the inlet pressure rises abnormally, the internal pressure of the tank increases sharply. If the pressure is not released or the gas path is not cut off in time, it can easily cause safety accidents such as tank rupture, seal failure, or even leakage of harmful gases.

[0003] To address the aforementioned deficiencies, existing technology (Chinese patent CN217526974U, published on 2022-10-04) discloses a chlorine purification device with a leakage alarm function. Through the arrangement of an adsorption reactor, steel wire supports, and an inner tank, the adsorption reactor and the inner tank form a hollow double-layer shell, providing excellent thermal insulation. Furthermore, the hollow layer is filled with steel wire supports, enhancing the overall rigidity of the tank. This gives the chlorine purification device an insulated structure and reinforces the tank. An alarm and gas detector are included, and the PLC control cabinet is electrically connected to the alarm and gas detector. The gas detector can detect chlorine leaks in real time. If a chlorine leak is detected, the PLC control cabinet will activate the alarm to warn nearby personnel, thus giving the chlorine purification device a leak alarm function and improving safety during use. The device is equipped with a mounting sleeve, rod sleeve, rod body, and clamp. The mounting sleeve is installed on the square tube frame, and the clamp is installed on the main inlet pipe. The rod sleeve and rod body support the mounting sleeve and clamp, thereby stabilizing and reinforcing the main inlet pipe. The rod body can extend and retract along the rod sleeve to compensate for the support distance, giving the chlorine purification device a pipe support structure to prevent leaks caused by pipe instability.

[0004] The prior art (Chinese Patent No. CN222900656U, published on 2025-05-27) discloses a gas purification device. This device has several flow components arranged on the lower side of its main body. The upper openings of the C-shaped gas tubes in these components are located on the upper part of an arc-shaped plate, and the lower openings are located on the lower part of the arc-shaped plate. During use, gas entering the main body through the inlet pipe can flow through the C-shaped gas tubes to the upper part of the arc-shaped plate for adsorption by activated carbon. This avoids direct gas blockage by the arc-shaped plate, which would affect the normal purification operation of the device. The device also features a gas purification device with several flow components arranged on the lower left side of the outer surface of the main body. The device is fixedly connected to a replacement assembly. The fixed tube in the replacement assembly passes through the arc-shaped plate and places the right opening in the middle of the arc-shaped plate. After the device has been used for a certain period of time, the second motor in the replacement assembly can be started, and the sealing cover in the discharge pipe can be removed. The second motor drives the auger blades to discharge the activated carbon particles inside the main body of the device. After the activated carbon particles inside the main body of the device are completely discharged, the sealing cover in the discharge pipe is reset, and the sealing cover in the feed connection pipe is removed. The second motor is then controlled to drive the auger blades to reverse, so that new activated carbon particles enter the main body of the device through the feed connection pipe, thereby completing the replacement of the activated carbon particles inside the main body of the device and avoiding affecting the purification effect of the device.

[0005] Although the above-mentioned solutions have alarm functions, they rely heavily on electronic sensors and controllers to monitor pressure and trigger alarms. This poses a risk of electronic component failure and results in a response delay. Furthermore, the use of multi-layer adsorption structures or dense packing of adsorbents for gas purification increases airflow resistance. When the adsorbent becomes partially saturated or pulverized, the resistance increases further, creating a safety hazard. It is not easy to achieve reliable safety protection while ensuring purification efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a safe gas purifier to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Although existing safe gas purifiers have alarm functions, they mostly rely on electronic sensors and controllers to realize pressure monitoring and alarms, which poses a risk of electronic component failure and has a delayed response. Furthermore, the use of multi-layer adsorption structures or dense packing of adsorbents for gas purification increases airflow resistance. When the adsorbent is partially saturated or pulverized, the resistance increases further, creating safety hazards. It is not easy to achieve reliable safety protection while ensuring purification efficiency.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a safe gas purifier, comprising a tank, wherein an inlet chamber, a filter chamber, an adsorption purification chamber and an outlet chamber are arranged sequentially from top to bottom, and adjacent chambers are separated by partitions, and the partitions are provided with vent holes; The air inlet chamber is equipped with a buffer flow equalization component, the filter chamber is equipped with a filter assembly, and the adsorption purification chamber is equipped with three sets of annular adsorption cylinders arranged concentrically. The upper two partitions and the lower part of the bottom partition are respectively connected to a first valve plate, a second valve plate, and a third valve plate via elastic elements. A pressure relief backflush component is provided between the air inlet chamber and the filter chamber, and the first valve plate communicates with the pressure relief backflush component after it moves. The outer middle and bottom of the tank are respectively equipped with a first pressure relief pipe and a second pressure relief pipe corresponding to the second valve plate and the third valve plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the buffer flow equalizer is rotatably connected to the inner middle of the air intake chamber. The buffer flow equalizer is a conical curved plate and a lightweight plastic part. An air intake port is provided at the top of the air intake chamber. After air enters through the air intake port, the buffer flow equalizer rotates and delivers air evenly downwards.

[0009] Furthermore, the filter assembly in the filter chamber is detachably installed on the inner wall of the middle part of the tank, and the filter assembly consists of a metal support mesh, a coarse fiber filter layer and a fine fiber filter layer from top to bottom, with the metal support mesh close to the output end of the air inlet chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, the first valve plate, the second valve plate, and the third valve plate are all configured as annular structures, and sliders are installed on the outer sides of the first valve plate, the second valve plate, and the third valve plate. The sliders are slidably connected to the inner wall of the tank. The first valve plate, the second valve plate, and the third valve plate are connected to the partitions at corresponding positions by the same elastic element, and the elastic element is configured as a spring.

[0011] Furthermore, the stiffness coefficients of the springs connected to the first valve plate, the second valve plate, and the third valve plate increase sequentially. Each of the first valve plate, the second valve plate, and the third valve plate is provided with a pressure relief hole, and the initial positions of the first valve plate, the second valve plate, and the third valve plate are respectively misaligned and closed with the pressure relief backflush component, the first pressure relief pipe, and the second pressure relief pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the pressure relief backflush component includes an circumferential distribution groove installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the air intake chamber. Convection holes are provided at equal angles on the inner wall of the circumferential distribution groove, and a return pipe is connected to the outer side of the circumferential distribution groove. The return pipe is located outside the tank body, and the bottom of the return pipe extends to the bottom of the filter chamber. The return pipe is configured with a "C" shaped structure, and the air pressure at the outlet of the return pipe backflushs and unclogs the filter assembly.

[0013] Furthermore, the annular adsorption cylinder includes an inner porous cylinder wall, and an inner fixing ring is sleeved on the outside of the inner porous cylinder wall. A support leaf spring is installed at an equal angle on the outside of the inner fixing ring, and the outside of the support leaf spring is in contact with the outer porous cylinder wall. The inner fixing ring is provided with a through hole identical to that of the inner porous cylinder wall, and an adsorbent is filled between the outside of the inner fixing ring and the outer porous cylinder wall.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer porous cylinder wall is configured with an arc-shaped structure, and an elastic sealing strip is connected to the gap between adjacent outer porous cylinder walls. The supporting leaf spring is configured with a corrugated structure, and the length of the supporting leaf spring is equal to the length of the inner porous cylinder wall, the inner fixing ring and the supporting leaf spring, and the outer porous cylinder wall.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom of the inner porous cylinder wall, the inner fixing ring, and the outer porous cylinder wall are provided with a retractable flexible support ring, and the flexible support ring is composed of a high-temperature resistant metal braided mesh and a ring spring skeleton.

[0016] Furthermore, guide members are installed at the top and bottom of the outer porous cylindrical wall, and the guide members are slidably connected to the guide grooves, which are respectively opened on the inner wall of the tank and the inner wall of the adjacent inner porous cylindrical wall.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This safe gas purifier achieves a balance between high-efficiency purification and safe operation through multiple processes, including inlet buffering and equalization, filtration and dust removal, adsorption purification, outlet gas collection, and adaptive protection at various pressure levels.

[0018] 1. Furthermore, by setting a first valve plate between the inlet chamber and the filter chamber, a second valve plate between the filter chamber and the adsorption purification chamber, and a third valve plate at the bottom of the outlet chamber, and connecting the three valve plates to springs with progressively increasing stiffness coefficients, a purely mechanical three-stage pressure response mechanism is constructed. When the pressure inside the device rises abnormally due to filter layer blockage, adsorbent saturation, or downstream pipeline blockage, each valve plate slides downward against the spring preload under the corresponding pressure threshold, opening the circumferential distribution groove, the first pressure relief pipe, and the second pressure relief pipe respectively to achieve graded pressure relief protection. The entire pressure sensing, valve plate displacement, and pressure relief execution process is achieved entirely through pure mechanical linkage of air pressure pushing and spring return, without relying on any electronic sensors or external power supply. This fundamentally eliminates the technical defects of electronic components being prone to failure in dusty, humid, and corrosive gas environments, avoids response delays in signal transmission and logic judgment, and can still operate reliably under extreme conditions such as power outages or control system crashes, significantly improving the safety level of the gas purifier in complex industrial environments.

[0019] 2. Furthermore, a pressure relief backflushing component consisting of a circumferential distribution groove and a return pipe is installed between the air inlet chamber and the filter chamber. When the filter assembly experiences increased filtration resistance due to dust accumulation and the pressure in the air inlet chamber exceeds the first preset value, the first valve plate slides downward, aligning its pressure relief hole with the convection hole on the inner wall of the circumferential distribution groove. The high-pressure gas in the air inlet chamber enters the return pipe through the circumferential distribution groove, and the outlet of the return pipe extends to the bottom of the filter chamber. The high-pressure gas blows the filter assembly from bottom to top in the reverse direction, peeling off the dust adhering to the surfaces of the coarse fiber filter layer and the fine fiber filter layer, thus realizing online backflushing regeneration of the filter assembly. When the filtration resistance drops to the normal range, the first valve plate automatically resets under the action of the spring restoring force, and the device resumes the normal filtration-adsorption purification process, reducing the labor intensity of operators and the production capacity loss caused by the device shutdown for maintenance.

[0020] 3. Furthermore, three sets of annular adsorption cylinders are concentrically arranged within the adsorption purification chamber. The outer porous cylinder wall of each set of annular adsorption cylinders is designed as an independent arc-shaped structure and is elastically supported on the inner fixing ring by a support leaf spring. Guide components are installed at the top and bottom of the outer porous cylinder wall, which slide with the guide groove to achieve radial guidance. When the adsorbent becomes locally saturated or pulverized, causing an increase in bed resistance and a rise in pressure within the adsorption purification chamber, the increased gas pressure acts on the outer porous cylinder wall to generate a radially outward thrust. This thrust overcomes the preload of the support leaf spring and pushes the outer... The porous cylinder wall slides smoothly outward along the radial direction, increasing the annular space and transforming the adsorbent bed from a compacted state to a loose state. This increases the bed porosity, actively expands the gas flow cross-sectional area, and adaptively reduces the flow resistance, thereby fundamentally alleviating the trend of continuously rising pressure. When the pressure returns to normal, the elastic restoring force of the supporting leaf spring pushes the outer porous cylinder wall to retract and reset inward, significantly delaying the adsorbent blockage and pulverization process, effectively reducing the frequency of pressure relief valve operation, and maintaining the continuity of purification treatment to the greatest extent while ensuring safety.

[0021] 4. Furthermore, the spring stiffness coefficients connected to the first, second, and third valve plates increase sequentially, corresponding to three progressively increasing preset pressure values. This forms a graded protection gradient from upstream to downstream and from minor to severe anomalies. The three valve plates correspond to three different abnormal operating conditions: the first valve plate's activation indicates filter component blockage, requiring attention to filter layer maintenance; the second valve plate's activation indicates adsorbent saturation or abnormal bed resistance in the adsorption purification chamber, requiring adsorbent regeneration or replacement; and the third valve plate's activation indicates blockage in the downstream pipeline or subsequent equipment of the outlet chamber, requiring inspection of the back-end system. Operators can quickly determine the location and severity of the device's abnormality based on the opening status of each pressure relief channel, the circumferential distribution groove / return pipe, the first pressure relief pipe, and the second pressure relief pipe, without needing to check each one individually. This significantly shortens fault diagnosis and troubleshooting time and improves the maintainability and operational reliability of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall front view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall side profile of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a bottom view schematic diagram of the buffer flow equalization component of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of the filtration chamber and adsorption purification chamber of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal side cross-section of the filtration chamber and adsorption purification chamber of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal explosion structure of the filtration chamber and adsorption purification chamber of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the circumferential distribution groove and return pipe structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a top-view structural diagram of the adsorption purification chamber of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a bottom view of the internal components of the adsorption purification chamber of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the internal components of the adsorption purification chamber of the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Tank body; 2. Inlet chamber; 3. Filter chamber; 4. Adsorption and purification chamber; 5. Outlet chamber; 6. Baffle plate; 7. First valve plate; 8. Second valve plate; 9. Third valve plate; 10. Slider; 11. Spring; 12. Buffer and flow equalization component; 13. Circular distribution groove; 14. Return pipe; 15. Filter assembly; 16. First pressure relief pipe; 17. Second pressure relief pipe; 18. Inner porous cylinder wall; 19. Inner fixing ring; 20. Support leaf spring; 21. Outer porous cylinder wall; 22. Elastic sealing strip; 23. Guide component; 24. Flexible support ring; 25. Guide groove. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 10This invention provides a safe gas purifier, including a tank 1. The tank 1 is provided with an inlet chamber 2, a filter chamber 3, an adsorption purification chamber 4 and an outlet chamber 5 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. Adjacent chambers are separated by partitions 6, and the partitions 6 are provided with vent holes. The inlet chamber 2 is provided with a buffer flow equalization component 12. The filter chamber 3 is provided with a filter assembly 15. The adsorption purification chamber 4 is provided with three sets of annular adsorption cylinders arranged concentrically. The upper two partitions 6 and the lower part of the bottom partition 6 are respectively connected by elastic components to a first valve plate 7, a second valve plate 8 and a third valve plate 9. A pressure relief backflush component is provided between the inlet chamber 2 and the filter chamber 3. The first valve plate 7 is connected to the pressure relief backflush component after it moves. The middle and bottom of the outer side of the tank 1 are respectively provided with a first pressure relief pipe 16 and a second pressure relief pipe 17 corresponding to the second valve plate 8 and the third valve plate 9.

[0026] The overall normal operating state of the system is as follows: The harmful gas to be purified first enters the air inlet 2 through the air inlet at the top of the tank 1. Under the impact of the airflow, the conical curved plate structure connected to the middle of the inner side of the air inlet 2 rotates, and the buffer flow equalizer 12 rotates. Through the guiding effect of its conical curved surface, the high-speed concentrated airflow is transformed into a uniformly downward-delivered dispersed airflow, avoiding the airflow directly impacting the subsequent filter assembly 15 and causing excessive local load or damage to the filter medium. The uniformly dispersed gas enters the filter chamber 3 downward, and the filter chamber 3 is equipped with a detachable filter assembly 1. 5. The filter assembly 15 consists of a metal support mesh, a coarse fiber filter layer, and a fine fiber filter layer from top to bottom. The metal support mesh is located near the output end of the air inlet chamber 2 and serves to support and hold the fiber layer. The gas passes through the coarse fiber filter layer and the fine fiber filter layer in sequence, where large dust particles and fine particulate matter are intercepted step by step, achieving gas-solid separation and preventing particulate matter from entering the downstream adsorption and purification chamber 4 and clogging the micropores of the adsorbent or causing adsorbent contamination. The filtered and dust-removed gas continues downward and enters the adsorption and purification chamber 4 through the vent holes on the partition 6. Inside the adsorption and purification chamber 4... The unit is equipped with three concentric annular adsorption cylinders. Each annular adsorption cylinder consists of an inner porous cylinder wall 18, an inner fixing ring 19, a supporting leaf spring 20, and an outer porous cylinder wall 21. After the gas enters the annular airflow channel between the annular adsorption cylinders, it flows radially under the drive of radial pressure difference, passing through the vent holes on the outer porous cylinder wall 21 in sequence, and entering the filling space between the inner porous cylinder wall 18 and the inner fixing ring 19 filled with adsorbent. It then comes into full contact with the adsorbent, which selectively adsorbs and removes harmful components in the gas, such as VOCs, hydrogen sulfide, and ammonia. The purified gas enters the inner central region through the through hole on the inner porous cylinder wall 18 and flows downward into the outlet chamber 5. Under normal operating pressure, the first valve plate 7, the second valve plate 8, and the third valve plate 9 are in the initial upper position under the pre-tightening force of their respective springs 11. The pressure relief holes on each valve plate are in a staggered and closed state with the circumferential distribution groove 13, the first pressure relief pipe 16, and the second pressure relief pipe 17. The gas flows normally along the main flow path. Finally, the purified gas is discharged through the outlet at the bottom of the outlet chamber 5 and enters the subsequent process pipeline or is directly discharged into the atmosphere.

[0027] The buffer flow equalizer 12 is rotatably connected to the inner middle of the air inlet chamber 2. The buffer flow equalizer 12 is a conical curved plate and is made of lightweight plastic. An air inlet is provided at the top of the air inlet chamber 2. After air enters through the air inlet, the buffer flow equalizer 12 rotates to uniformly deliver air downwards. The filter assembly 15 in the filter chamber 3 is detachably installed on the inner wall of the middle part of the tank body 1. The filter assembly 15 consists of a metal support mesh, a coarse fiber filter layer, and a fine fiber filter layer from top to bottom. The metal support mesh is close to the output end of the air inlet chamber 2. The first valve plate 7, the second valve plate 8, and the third valve plate 9 are all set as annular structures. A slider 10 is installed on the outer side of the first valve plate 7, the second valve plate 8, and the third valve plate 9. The slider 10 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the tank body 1. The first valve plate 7, the second valve plate 8, and the third valve plate 9 are connected to the partition plate 6 at the corresponding positions. The springs 11 are connected to the same elastic element. The stiffness coefficients of the springs 11 connected to the first valve plate 7, the second valve plate 8, and the third valve plate 9 increase sequentially. The first valve plate 7, the second valve plate 8, and the third valve plate 9 are all provided with pressure relief holes. The initial positions of the first valve plate 7, the second valve plate 8, and the third valve plate 9 are respectively offset and closed with the pressure relief backflush component, the first pressure relief pipe 16, and the second pressure relief pipe 17. The pressure relief backflush component includes an circumferential distribution groove 13 installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the air inlet chamber 2. The inner wall of the circumferential distribution groove 13 is provided with convection holes at equal angles. The outer side of the circumferential distribution groove 13 is connected to a return pipe 14. The return pipe 14 is located outside the tank body 1. The bottom of the return pipe 14 extends to the bottom of the filter chamber 3. The return pipe 14 is set with a "C" shaped structure. The outlet air pressure of the return pipe 14 backflushes and clears the filter assembly 15.

[0028] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 - Figure 7As shown, the filter layer clogging protection mode is as follows: When the filter assembly 15 accumulates a large amount of dust due to long-term use, causing the filtration resistance to increase, the air pressure difference between the air inlet chamber 2 and the filter chamber 3 gradually increases. Since the first valve plate 7 is connected to the spring 11 and slidably installed on the inner wall of the tank 1, when the gas pressure in the air inlet chamber 2 exceeds the preload of the spring 11 below the first valve plate 7, the first valve plate 7 slides downward under the pressure, overcoming the elastic force of the spring 11. After the first valve plate 7 moves downward, the pressure relief hole on its periphery gradually aligns and connects with the convection hole on the inner wall of the circumferential distribution groove 13 installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the air inlet chamber 2. At this time, the high-pressure gas in the air inlet chamber 2 enters the circumferential distribution groove 13 through the pressure relief hole of the first valve plate 7, and then flows downward through the return pipe 14 connected to the outside of the circumferential distribution groove 13. The return pipe 14 is located outside the tank 1, with its outlet extending to the bottom of the filter chamber 3. High-pressure gas is ejected from the bottom outlet of the return pipe 14 and blows back onto the filter assembly 15 from bottom to top, regenerating the clogged coarse and fine fiber filter layers by backflushing. The dust adhering to the surface of the fiber layers is peeled off in the reverse direction, restoring the air permeability of the filter assembly 15. At the same time, the overpressure gas in the air inlet chamber 2 is released to restore the pressure. When the resistance of the filter assembly 15 drops to the normal range after backflushing, the pressure in the air inlet chamber 2 drops back, and the first valve plate 7 is reset upward under the restoring force of the spring 11. The valve plate pressure relief hole and the circumferential distribution groove 13 are misaligned and closed again, the return pipe 14 stops supplying gas, and the device resumes the normal filtration and adsorption purification process. The filter assembly 15 can be replaced later.

[0029] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 - Figure 6 As shown, the adsorption purification chamber 4 is in a blockage protection mode: When the adsorbent in the adsorption purification chamber 4 becomes saturated due to long-term adsorption of harmful components, or when the bed resistance increases due to adsorbent pulverization, the pressure difference between the filter chamber 3 and the adsorption purification chamber 4 gradually increases. Since the stiffness coefficient of the spring 11 connected to the second valve plate 8 is greater than that of the spring 11 connected to the first valve plate 7, when the pressure exceeds the second preset value, the second valve plate 8 slides downward against the pre-tightening force of the spring 11. After the second valve plate 8 moves downward, the pressure relief hole on it is connected to the first pressure relief pipe 16 set in the middle of the outer side of the tank body 1. The high-pressure gas in the filter chamber 3 enters the first pressure relief pipe 16 through the pressure relief hole of the second valve plate 8 and is discharged to a safe area or subsequent treatment system. The adsorbent can be regenerated or replaced as needed later.

[0030] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 - Figure 6As shown, when the downstream pipeline of the gas outlet chamber 5 is blocked or the subsequent equipment fails, causing the pressure in the gas outlet chamber 5 to rise abnormally, the third valve plate 9 bears the downward air pressure thrust. Since the stiffness coefficient of the spring 11 connected to the third valve plate 9 is greater than that of the spring 11 connected to the second valve plate 8, its preset opening pressure is the highest. When the pressure in the gas outlet chamber 5 exceeds the third preset value, the third valve plate 9 overcomes the pre-tightening force of the spring 11 and slides downward. After the third valve plate 9 moves downward, the pressure relief hole on it is connected to the second pressure relief pipe 17 set at the bottom of the outer side of the tank body 1. The high pressure gas in the gas outlet chamber 5 enters the second pressure relief pipe 17 through the pressure relief hole of the third valve plate 9, realizing the overpressure discharge protection at the end and ensuring that the device body is not overpressure damaged when the downstream is blocked.

[0031] The annular adsorption cylinder includes an inner porous cylinder wall 18, and an inner fixing ring 19 is sleeved on the outside of the inner porous cylinder wall 18. A support leaf spring 20 is installed at an equal angle on the outside of the inner fixing ring 19. The outside of the support leaf spring 20 is in contact with the outer porous cylinder wall 21. The inner fixing ring 19 is provided with a through hole identical to that of the inner porous cylinder wall 18. Adsorbent is filled between the outside of the inner fixing ring 19 and the outer porous cylinder wall 21. The outer porous cylinder wall 21 is designed with an arc-shaped structure, and an elastic sealing strip 22 is connected to the gap between adjacent outer porous cylinder walls 21. The support leaf spring 20 is designed with a corrugated structure. The length of the supporting leaf spring 20 is equal to the length of the inner porous cylindrical wall 18, the inner fixing ring 19, the supporting leaf spring 20, and the outer porous cylindrical wall 21. The bottom of the inner porous cylindrical wall 18, the inner fixing ring 19, and the outer porous cylindrical wall 21 is provided with a retractable flexible support ring 24. The flexible support ring 24 is composed of a high-temperature resistant metal braided mesh and a ring spring skeleton. The top and bottom of the outer porous cylindrical wall 21 are equipped with guide members 23, and the guide members 23 are slidably connected with the guide grooves 25. The guide grooves 25 are respectively opened on the inner wall of the tank body 1 and the inner wall of the adjacent inner porous cylindrical wall 18.

[0032] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 - Figure 10As shown, under normal operating pressure, the outer porous cylinder wall 21 is in its initial radial position under the elastic support of the supporting leaf spring 20, maintaining a set concentric distance with the inner porous cylinder wall 18 and the inner fixing ring 19. The adsorbent is filled in this annular space with a reasonable packing density and bed porosity. When the gas pressure in the adsorption purification chamber 4 increases due to local saturation of the adsorbent, dust accumulation, or a sudden increase in gas flow, the increased gas pressure acts on the inner and outer sides of the outer porous cylinder wall 21, generating a radially outward thrust. When this thrust overcomes the preload of the supporting leaf spring 20, the outer porous cylinder wall 21 slides smoothly outward in a radial direction under the radial guidance constraint of the guide member 23 and the guide groove 25. The elastic sealing strip 22 between adjacent outer porous cylinder walls 21 is stretched accordingly, always maintaining the seal between the gaps of each arc segment to prevent adsorbent particle leakage. The radial expansion of the outer porous cylinder wall 21 increases the annular space between the inner porous cylinder wall 18 and the outer cylinder wall, causing the internal adsorbent bed to change from a compacted state to a loose state. The porosity of the bed increases, the gas flow cross-sectional area actively expands, and the flow resistance decreases adaptively. This negative feedback self-stabilizing mechanism alleviates the trend of continuous pressure increase from the root, allowing the pressure in the adsorption purification chamber 4 to automatically stabilize and preventing the pressure from continuing to rise to the dangerous threshold. When the system pressure returns to normal, the elastic restoring force of the support leaf spring 20 pushes the outer porous cylinder wall 21 to retract radially inward, and the adsorbent bed gradually returns to the normal packing density and gap size. The device automatically returns to the normal working state. The flexible support rings 24 at the bottom of each annular adsorption cylinder always maintain support for the bottom of the adsorbent bed during the expansion and retraction process, preventing the adsorbent from falling into the outlet chamber 5.

[0033] refer to Figure 1 - Figure 10As shown above, the spring stiffness coefficients of the first valve plate 7, the second valve plate 8, and the third valve plate 9 increase sequentially, meaning the opening pressure of the first valve plate 7 is the lowest, followed by the second valve plate 8, and the third valve plate 9 is the highest. This forms a graded protection gradient from upstream to downstream and from minor to severe abnormalities. When the filter assembly 15 is slightly clogged, only the first valve plate 7 activates, achieving backflushing regeneration through the return pipe 14, allowing for online recovery without shutdown. When the clogging worsens or backflushing cannot fully restore the system, the pressure further increases to the activation threshold of the second valve plate 8, opening the first pressure relief pipe 16 to release pressure and simultaneously providing a fault indication for the abnormality of the adsorption purification chamber 4. When downstream pipeline blockage causes the entire system pressure to continuously rise, the third valve plate 9 finally activates, opening... The second pressure relief pipe 17 enables emergency discharge at the end, ensuring the safety of the device itself. At the same time, the adaptive expansion structure of the outer porous cylinder wall 21 of the annular adsorption cylinder always works in parallel. Before the valve plates at each stage are activated, it actively reduces the adsorption bed resistance through mechanical negative feedback, suppressing pressure rise from the source and minimizing the frequency of pressure relief discharge. While ensuring safe use, it maintains a high purification efficiency. Throughout the entire operation, all pressure sensing, displacement response, flow channel switching, and pressure relief execution actions are achieved through a purely mechanical structure, without relying on any electronic sensors, controllers, or external power sources. This fundamentally avoids the safety risks caused by electronic component failure and response delay, and enables the gas purifier to operate reliably, safely, and stably for a long time under complex operating conditions.

[0034] The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0035] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safe gas purifier, comprising a tank (1), wherein the tank (1) is provided with an inlet chamber (2), a filter chamber (3), an adsorption purification chamber (4) and an outlet chamber (5) from top to bottom, and adjacent chambers are separated by a partition (6), and the partition (6) is provided with a vent hole; Its features are: The air inlet chamber (2) is provided with a buffer flow equalization component (12), the filter chamber (3) is provided with a filter assembly (15), the adsorption purification chamber (4) is provided with three sets of annular adsorption cylinders concentrically arranged, the upper part of the two upper partitions (6) and the lower part of the bottom partition (6) are respectively connected by elastic components to the first valve plate (7), the second valve plate (8) and the third valve plate (9), the air inlet chamber (2) and the filter chamber (3) are provided with a pressure relief backflush component, and the first valve plate (7) is connected to the pressure relief backflush component after it moves. The outer middle and bottom of the tank body (1) are respectively provided with a first pressure relief pipe (16) and a second pressure relief pipe (17) corresponding to the second valve plate (8) and the third valve plate (9).

2. The safety gas purifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer flow equalizer (12) is rotatably connected to the inner middle of the air inlet chamber (2). The buffer flow equalizer (12) is a conical curved plate and a lightweight plastic part. The air inlet chamber (2) is provided with an air inlet at the top. After the air inlet is filled, the buffer flow equalizer (12) rotates and sends the air downwards evenly.

3. The safety gas purifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter assembly (15) in the filter chamber (3) is detachably installed on the inner wall of the middle part of the tank (1), and the filter assembly (15) is composed of a metal support mesh, a coarse fiber filter layer and a fine fiber filter layer from top to bottom, and the metal support mesh is close to the output end of the air inlet chamber (2).

4. A safety gas purifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first valve plate (7), the second valve plate (8) and the third valve plate (9) are all configured as annular structures, and sliders (10) are installed on the outer side of the first valve plate (7), the second valve plate (8) and the third valve plate (9). The sliders (10) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the tank (1). The first valve plate (7), the second valve plate (8) and the third valve plate (9) are connected to the partition (6) at the corresponding position with the same elastic element, and the elastic element is configured as a spring (11).

5. A safety gas purifier according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stiffness coefficients of the springs (11) connected to the first valve plate (7), the second valve plate (8), and the third valve plate (9) increase sequentially. Each of the first valve plate (7), the second valve plate (8), and the third valve plate (9) is provided with a pressure relief hole. The initial positions of the first valve plate (7), the second valve plate (8), and the third valve plate (9) are respectively misaligned and closed with the pressure relief backflush component, the first pressure relief pipe (16), and the second pressure relief pipe (17).

6. A safety gas purifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure relief backflush component includes an circumferential distribution groove (13) installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the air inlet chamber (2). The inner wall of the circumferential distribution groove (13) is provided with convection holes at equal angles, and the outer side of the circumferential distribution groove (13) is connected to a return pipe (14). The return pipe (14) is located outside the tank (1). The bottom of the return pipe (14) extends to the bottom of the filter chamber (3). The return pipe (14) is configured with a "C" shaped structure. The outlet air pressure of the return pipe (14) backflushs and clears the filter assembly (15).

7. A safety gas purifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular adsorption cylinder includes an inner porous cylinder wall (18), and an inner fixing ring (19) is sleeved on the outside of the inner porous cylinder wall (18). A support leaf spring (20) is installed at an equal angle on the outside of the inner fixing ring (19). The outside of the support leaf spring (20) is abutted against the outer porous cylinder wall (21). The inner fixing ring (19) is provided with the same through hole as the inner porous cylinder wall (18). Adsorbent is filled between the outside of the inner fixing ring (19) and the outer porous cylinder wall (21).

8. A safety gas purifier according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer porous cylinder wall (21) is configured as an arc-shaped structure, and an elastic sealing strip (22) is connected to the gap between adjacent outer porous cylinder walls (21). The support leaf spring (20) is configured as a corrugated structure, and the length of the support leaf spring (20) is equal to the length of the inner porous cylinder wall (18), the inner fixing ring (19), the support leaf spring (20), and the outer porous cylinder wall (21).

9. A safety gas purifier according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the inner porous cylindrical wall (18), the inner fixing ring (19) and the outer porous cylindrical wall (21) are provided with a retractable flexible support ring (24), and the flexible support ring (24) is composed of a high-temperature resistant metal woven mesh and an annular spring skeleton.

10. A safety gas purifier according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer porous cylindrical wall (21) is equipped with guide members (23) at the top and bottom of the outer side, and the guide members (23) are slidably connected with the guide groove (25). The guide groove (25) is respectively opened on the inner wall of the tank (1) and the inner wall of the adjacent inner porous cylindrical wall (18).

Images