A spraying device and a modular combined flue gas desulfurization and dust removal device

Abstract

The application provides a spraying device and a modular combined flue gas desulfurization and dust removal device. The spraying device comprises a pipe body, a spraying cylinder which is detachably connected to the top of the pipe body and communicates with the inside of the pipe body, a connecting ring which is coaxially arranged on the inner wall of the spraying cylinder, a gear ring arranged on the inner wall of the spraying cylinder, a rotating cylinder which is arranged at the axis of the connecting ring and is annularly arranged with a plurality of rotating shafts, the rotating shafts penetrate through the connecting ring and are rotationally connected with the connecting ring, a plurality of nozzles are arranged on the rotating shafts in the axial direction, a first gear is arranged on the end of the rotating shaft away from the connecting ring and is engaged with the gear ring, a first driving assembly is connected with the rotating cylinder and drives the rotating cylinder to rotate radially and drives the first gear to rotate on the gear ring. The spraying mechanism with the combined motion of revolution and rotation is designed, so that the nozzles rotate around the center and rotate by themselves. The spraying track is expanded from a static point or line to a three-dimensional covering network, the mixing uniformity and contact sufficiency of the lime water mist and the flue gas are enhanced, and the desulfurization efficiency is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flue gas desulfurization technology, specifically to a spray device and a modular combined flue gas desulfurization and dust removal device. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial manufacturing and thermal power generation, the combustion of coal produces a large amount of smoke. In order to reduce the pollution caused by the emission of flue gas into the atmosphere, the flue gas is treated to remove particulate matter and sulfur and other substances to ensure that the emitted flue gas is clean, thereby reducing the damage to the atmospheric environment and ensuring the safety of the atmospheric environment.

[0003] Currently, spray desulfurization towers are widely used as the main technical method in this field. The conventional approach is that flue gas enters from the bottom of the tower, flows upwards, and comes into contact with absorbents such as lime water sprayed from fixed spray pipes inside the tower, removing sulfides through a chemical reaction. However, the following drawbacks still exist: The number of pipes in the spray layer is fixed and cannot be changed, and the spray angle of the nozzles is also statically fixed. This design means that when the sulfur content in the flue gas increases, it is impossible to improve the desulfurization capacity by increasing the number of effective spray units or adjusting the coverage area. At the same time, the fixed spray angle limits the mixing and contact area between the lime water and the flue gas, easily leading to spray blind spots or overlapping areas, resulting in insufficient and uneven reaction between the flue gas and the absorbent. Both of these factors combined result in the inability to optimize the desulfurization efficiency according to operating conditions, leading to unstable overall desulfurization performance and poor controllability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a spraying device and a modular combined flue gas desulfurization and dust removal device, which solves the technical problem that the lime water and flue gas are not mixed sufficiently and the desulfurization efficiency is unstable due to the fixed installation of the spray nozzles and the inability to adjust the spray angle and range.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a spraying device, which includes: tube body; The spray cylinder is detachably connected to the top of the pipe body and communicates with the inside of the pipe body; A connecting ring is coaxially rotatably disposed on the inner wall of the spray cylinder; and the inner wall of the spray cylinder is provided with a toothed ring. A rotating drum is located at the axis of the connecting ring and has multiple rotating shafts that rotate circumferentially. The rotating shafts pass through the connecting ring and are rotatably connected to it, and have multiple nozzles along the axial direction. The end of the rotating shaft away from the connecting ring has a first gear that meshes with a gear ring. The first drive assembly is connected to the rotating drum, drives the rotating drum to rotate radially, and drives the first gear to rotate on the gear ring.

[0006] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the spray cylinder, connecting ring, gear ring, rotating cylinder, rotating shaft, nozzle, first gear and first drive assembly form a set of spray units; Multiple spray units are arranged vertically in sequence, with adjacent spray units being detachably connected by their respective spray cylinders and bolts.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the inner wall of the spray cylinder is provided with two protrusions spaced apart; and the number of connecting rings and rotating cylinders in each spray unit is also two; The bottom of the protrusion is provided with a toothed ring; the two connecting rings are respectively placed on the top of the two protrusions by snap-fit ​​grooves provided on their respective ring sides; The first drive assembly is connected to the two rotating drums respectively.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the outer wall of the spray cylinder is provided with a placement shell; The first drive assembly includes a first electric push rod and a connecting rod; the connecting rod is located between two rotating drums in the same spray unit, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the two rotating drums respectively; The outer wall of the connecting rod is fitted with a connecting sleeve, which is connected to the telescopic end of the first electric push rod. The end of the first electric push rod away from the telescopic end is provided with a vertical rod fixed to the housing.

[0009] Secondly, this application proposes a modular combined flue gas desulfurization and dust removal device, which includes: The modular combined flue gas desulfurization and dust removal device includes the aforementioned spraying device; The spray unit located at the top has an exhaust pipe on its spray cylinder; the outer wall of the pipe body has an air inlet pipe that communicates with its interior.

[0010] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one embodiment, a filter plate is also included; The air inlet duct has a placement cavity on one side that communicates with its interior, and the placement cavity has an inclined angle with the horizontal plane; the placement cavity is connected to a snap-fit ​​cavity; The filter plate runs through the placement cavity, dividing the cavity inside the air inlet pipe into an unfiltered cavity and a filtered cavity; the filter plate is detachably connected to the placement cavity by a snap-fit ​​protrusion that fits into the snap-fit ​​cavity.

[0011] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one embodiment, the filter plate is provided with expansion sealing strips on both sides perpendicular to the placement cavity, and the expansion sealing strip is provided with a protrusion on the side of the placement cavity to squeeze the expansion sealing strip, so as to expand it and seal the cavity inside the air inlet pipe. The snap-fit ​​protrusion has sliding grooves on both sides; a slider is slidably connected to the sliding groove by a first spring; the snap-fit ​​cavity has snap-fit ​​interfaces on both sides that connect to the outside, and the slider is snapped into or separated from the snap-fit ​​interfaces.

[0012] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one embodiment, it further includes a rotating rod that penetrates the outer wall of the air inlet pipe, and an air guide plate is fixedly provided on the rod body located in the unfiltered chamber; one end of the rotating rod is axially slidably provided with a second gear via a second spring, and a limiting groove is provided on the outer wall of the air inlet pipe near the second gear, the limiting groove being engaged with or disengaged from the second gear; A collection trough is provided directly below the filter plate and at the bottom of the air inlet duct.

[0013] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one embodiment, a support base is fixed directly below the spray cylinder and inside the pipe, and the top of the support base is provided with an mounting ring via a planar bearing. A support plate is provided at the axis of the mounting ring, and the support plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting ring; a second drive assembly is provided on the support plate, and multiple air guide plates are rotatably provided on the ring side of the second drive assembly. The bottom of the air guide plate is equipped with air guide strips.

[0014] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one embodiment, the second drive assembly includes a second electric push rod disposed on a support plate; a guide rotation tube is disposed directly above the support plate, and a protective cap is disposed on the top of the guide rotation tube; The guide tube has multiple arc-shaped openings spaced apart on its annular wall, and a flat circular plate is fixedly installed on its inner wall; the flat circular plate has multiple horizontal grooves on its periphery that correspond to the arc-shaped openings respectively. A connecting rod is provided on one side of the air guide plate. The connecting rod passes through the arc-shaped opening and slides in the horizontal groove. The telescopic end of the second electric push rod is connected to the flat circular plate, driving the flat circular plate to move vertically, which in turn drives the connecting rod to move in the arc-shaped opening and the horizontal slide groove.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in this application include: A spraying device is proposed, in which a first drive assembly drives a rotating cylinder and a connecting ring to revolve, causing all nozzles to move as a whole along a large circular trajectory, sweeping across the entire cross-sectional area of ​​the spray cylinder and eliminating geometric dead angles caused by fixed installation. Simultaneously, due to the meshing of the first gear and the fixed gear ring, each rotating shaft drives the nozzle on it to rotate. This rotational motion changes the water curtain shape and spray direction of each nozzle. The superposition of these two motions causes the spray trajectory of a single nozzle to evolve from a fixed conical or fan-shaped pattern into a complex, time-varying three-dimensional spiral or petal-shaped trajectory. The trajectories of all nozzles intertwine, forming a constantly updating, seamless spraying effect; the combined motion of the nozzles intensifies the fluid turbulence within the tower. The moving nozzles continuously throw droplets into the flue gas from different angles and at different speeds, which is equivalent to countless dynamic micro-mixers. This enhances the inertial collision, shearing and diffusion between the gas and liquid phases, breaks the stable gas film and liquid film, and allows gaseous components such as sulfur dioxide to be transferred from the main gas phase to the liquid phase and absorbed more quickly. Furthermore, this design is achieved through pure mechanical linkage, eliminating the need for a separate rotary motor for each nozzle, resulting in a compact structure and simple control. It overcomes the shortcomings of traditional fixed nozzles, such as spray dead zones and uneven liquid-gas mixing, ensuring that the lime water mist can more fully and randomly contact flue gas at different positions and in different directions, thereby improving the desulfurization reaction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the modular combined flue gas desulfurization and dust removal device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 Exploded view of the modular combined flue gas desulfurization and dust removal device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 An exploded view of the internal structure of the pipe provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of section A in the middle; Figure 5 Exploded view of the air inlet duct and its related structures provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the relevant structure of the rotating rod and the air-guiding plate provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7An exploded view of the spray unit provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of section B in the middle.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Pipe body; 2. Spray unit; 201. Spray cylinder; 2011. Protrusion; 202. Connecting ring; 2021. Snap-fit ​​groove; 203. Gear ring; 204. Rotating cylinder; 205. Rotating shaft; 206. Spray head; 207. First gear; 208. Placement shell; 3. First drive assembly; 31. First electric push rod; 32. Connecting rod; 33. Connecting sleeve; 34. Vertical rod; 4. Exhaust pipe; 5. Air inlet pipe; 51. Placement cavity; 52. Snap-fit ​​cavity; 53. Limiting groove; 54. Collection groove; 6. 61. Filter plate; 62. Snap-fit ​​protrusion plate; 7. Expansion sealing strip; 8. First spring; 9. Slider; 10. Rotating rod; 11. Second spring; 12. Second gear; 10. Air guide plate; 11. Support base; 12. Mounting ring; 121. Support plate; 13. Second drive assembly; 131. Second electric push rod; 14. Guide rotating tube; 141. Arc-shaped opening; 142. Flat circular plate; 143. Horizontal slide groove; 144. Protective cap; 15. Air guide plate; 151. Connecting rod; 152. Air guide strip. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0020] To make the technical problem that this application aims to solve clearer, the causes of the technical problem will be analyzed in detail below: The fundamental reason for the unstable desulfurization efficiency and poor controllability of traditional flue gas desulfurization devices lies in the comprehensive rigidity of their spray system in terms of structure, function, and regulation.

[0021] The spray layer of a traditional device is a fixed, integrated structure, with the number and spatial layout of its spray pipes locked after design and installation. This results in two drawbacks: firstly, when flue gas flow or sulfur concentration fluctuates, the system cannot flexibly match treatment needs by increasing or decreasing the number of effective sprays (insufficient capacity when sulfur content is high, and energy and material waste when sulfur content is low); secondly, the spray angle and coverage of each nozzle 206 are also static, failing to create dynamic coverage to optimize contact with the flue gas.

[0022] The flue gas flow within the desulfurization tower is a complex and variable three-dimensional turbulent flow. The static spraying network, consisting of a fixed number of nozzles 206 at fixed angles, inherently mismatches with the dynamic flue gas. This results in spray blind spots (where some flue gas fails to contact the absorbent) and overlapping coverage areas (where absorbent is wasted), and the system cannot actively adjust to eliminate these inefficient areas.

[0023] Because sprinkler systems are integrated designs, a failure or performance degradation in any local unit can affect the whole system, and maintenance, upgrades, or capacity adjustments are extremely difficult, usually requiring a complete system shutdown and large-scale modifications. This makes the system difficult to adapt to changes in operating conditions and maintenance needs during long-term operation, further exacerbating fluctuations and uncertainties in operating efficiency.

[0024] In summary, the core technical problem stems from the fact that traditional spray systems are rigid matrices with fixed numbers, positions, and directions. They cannot flexibly expand or contract the total number of spray units according to the processing load, nor can they proactively optimize the mixing efficiency with flue gas along the coverage trajectory of each unit. The solution proposed in this application, through a modular design, allows for flexible configuration of the total number of spray units by adding or removing spray cylinder modules; simultaneously, through a composite motion mechanism, each nozzle can achieve three-dimensional coverage, thus systematically solving the shortcomings of traditional technologies in terms of both scale and efficiency.

[0025] Firstly, reference Figures 1 to 8 This application provides a spraying device, which includes: tube body 1; The spray cylinder 201 is detachably connected to the top of the pipe body 1 and communicates with the inside of the pipe body 1. A connecting ring 202 is coaxially rotatably disposed on the inner wall of the spray cylinder 201; and a toothed ring 203 is provided on the inner wall of the spray cylinder 201. The rotating drum 204 is located at the axis of the connecting ring 202 and is provided with multiple rotating shafts 205 for circumferential rotation; the rotating shafts 205 pass through the connecting ring 202 and are rotatably connected to it, and are provided with multiple nozzles 206 along the axial direction; the end of the rotating shaft 205 away from the connecting ring 202 is provided with a first gear 207 that meshes with the toothed ring 203; The first drive assembly 3 is connected to the rotating drum 204, drives the rotating drum 204 to rotate radially, and drives the first gear 207 to rotate on the gear ring 203.

[0026] By configuring this structure, the first drive assembly 3 drives the rotating drum 204 and the connecting ring 202 to revolve, causing all the nozzles 206 to move as a whole along a large circular trajectory, sweeping across the entire cross-sectional area of ​​the spray drum and eliminating the geometric dead angles caused by fixed installation. Simultaneously, due to the meshing of the first gear 207 and the fixed gear ring 203, each rotating shaft 205 drives the nozzle 206 on it to rotate. This rotational motion changes the water curtain shape and spray direction of each nozzle 206. The superposition of these two motions causes the spray trajectory of a single nozzle 206 to evolve from a fixed conical or fan-shaped trajectory into a complex, time-varying three-dimensional spiral or petal-shaped trajectory. The trajectories of all the nozzles 206 intertwine, forming a constantly updating, seamless spray effect; the combined motion of the nozzles 206 intensifies the fluid turbulence within the tower. The moving nozzle 206 continuously throws droplets into the flue gas from different angles and at different speeds, which is equivalent to countless dynamic micro-mixers. This enhances the inertial collision, shearing and diffusion between the gas and liquid phases, breaks the stable gas film and liquid film, and allows gaseous components such as sulfur dioxide to be transferred from the main gas phase to the liquid phase and absorbed more quickly. Furthermore, this design is achieved through pure mechanical linkage, eliminating the need for a separate rotary motor for each nozzle 206, resulting in a compact structure and simple control. It overcomes the shortcomings of traditional fixed nozzles 206, such as spray dead zones and uneven liquid-gas mixing, ensuring that the lime water mist can more fully and randomly contact flue gas at different positions and in different directions, thereby improving the desulfurization reaction efficiency.

[0027] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the spray cylinder 201, connecting ring 202, gear ring 203, rotating cylinder 204, rotating shaft 205, nozzle 206, first gear 207 and first drive assembly 3 form a set of spray units 2; Multiple spray units 2 are arranged vertically in sequence, wherein two adjacent spray units 2 are detachably connected by their respective spray cylinders 201 and bolts.

[0028] In this embodiment, the core component that enables the revolution and rotation spraying functions is defined as an independently assembleable and detachable spray unit 2. Multiple such units can be modularly connected vertically, making the spraying capacity of the entire desulfurization unit no longer fixed. This allows users to flexibly configure the number of spray units 2 according to the actual flue gas treatment volume, initial sulfur concentration, or emission standard requirements, thereby linearly expanding the treatment capacity, enhancing the desulfurization effect, or reducing the number of operating units to save energy during low-load conditions. Simultaneously, when a spray unit 2 needs maintenance or replacement, it can be done independently without stopping the entire spraying system and disassembling it, improving the maintainability and operational reliability of the equipment.

[0029] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the inner wall of the spray cylinder 201 is provided with two protrusions 2011 spaced apart; and the number of connecting rings 202 and rotating cylinders 204 in each spray unit 2 is also two; The bottom of the protrusion 2011 is provided with a toothed ring 203; the two connecting rings 202 are respectively placed on the top of the two protrusions 2011 by providing snap-fit ​​grooves 2021 on their respective ring sides; The first drive assembly 3 is connected to the two rotating drums 204 respectively.

[0030] In this embodiment, an innovative two-layer, independently operable spray structure (two connecting rings 202 and rotating drums 204) is designed within a single spray unit 2, which is equivalent to integrating two spraying systems within a single physical module. This design increases the distribution density and movement trajectory complexity of the nozzles 206 (rotating shafts 205) at the same height section of the tower, enabling more effective dispersion of flue gas and elimination of spray blind spots. This improves the desulfurization reaction intensity and efficiency of a single module without increasing the vertical height of the device. Simultaneously, the two rotating drums 204 are synchronously driven by a first drive component 3, simplifying the power and control structure and making the entire dual-layer system operate more collaboratively and reliably.

[0031] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the outer wall of the spray cylinder 201 is provided with a placement shell 208; The first drive assembly 3 includes a first electric push rod 31 and a connecting rod 32; the connecting rod 32 is located between two rotating drums 204 in the same spray unit 2, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the two rotating drums 204 respectively; The outer wall of the connecting rod 32 is fitted with a connecting sleeve 33, which is connected to the telescopic end of the first electric push rod 31, and the end of the first electric push rod 31 away from the telescopic end is provided with a vertical rod 34 fixed to the placement shell 208.

[0032] In this embodiment, the first electric push rod 31 is fixed inside the placement shell 208 on the outer wall of the spray cylinder 201 via a vertical rod 34, so that it does not occupy the core reaction space. At the same time, the upper and lower rotating cylinders 204 are directly connected by a connecting rod 32, and the connecting sleeve 33 sleeved on the connecting rod 32 is connected to the telescopic end of the first electric push rod 31. This design allows the linear motion of the first electric push rod 31 to be synchronously and reliably converted into the rotational motion of the two rotating cylinders 204 through a robust and simple rigid linkage mechanism, ensuring the high consistency of the operation of the two-layer spray structure and the stability of power transmission. It should be noted that the rotating shafts 205 located in the upper and lower layers are crisscrossed vertically.

[0033] Secondly, this application proposes a modular combined flue gas desulfurization and dust removal device, which includes a spray device, and an exhaust pipe 4 is provided on the spray cylinder 201 of the spray unit 2 located at the top. An air inlet pipe 5 is provided on the outer wall of the pipe body 1, which is connected to the interior.

[0034] In this embodiment, a standard flow path for flue gas treatment is defined on the tower body, which is vertically assembled from multiple modular spray units 2: an air inlet pipe 5 is installed on the outer wall of the pipe body 1 as the inlet, and an exhaust pipe 4 is installed on the topmost spray unit 2 as the outlet. This design integrates all modular spray units 2 into a clear, bottom-up flue gas treatment path, ensuring that the flue gas flows through each treatment unit, fully contacts and reacts with the spray liquid, and finally discharges the purified gas in an orderly manner, thus forming a desulfurization and dust removal system.

[0035] Furthermore, in one embodiment, a filter plate 6 is also included; The air inlet pipe 5 has a placement cavity 51 on one side that communicates with its interior. The placement cavity 51 has an inclined angle with the horizontal plane. The placement cavity 51 is connected to a snap-fit ​​cavity 52. The filter plate 6 penetrates the placement cavity 51, dividing the cavity inside the air inlet pipe 5 into an unfiltered cavity and a filtered cavity; the filter plate 6 is detachably connected to the placement cavity 51 by a snap-fit ​​protrusion 61 that fits into the snap-fit ​​cavity 52.

[0036] In this embodiment, a modular filter unit is integrated into the flue gas inlet channel (inlet duct 5). The core of this unit is that the filter plate 6 is placed within a cavity 51 at an angle to the horizontal plane. This inclined design increases the effective ventilation area of ​​the filter plate 6 and its contact path with the flue gas, thereby improving the efficiency and dust holding capacity of the initial dust removal. Simultaneously, a simple mechanical structure, where the snap-fit ​​protrusion 61 engages with the snap-fit ​​cavity 52, enables quick and stable detachable installation of the filter plate 6. This allows operators to easily pull out the clogged filter plate 6 from the side of the inlet duct 5 for cleaning or replacement, simplifying the maintenance process, ensuring the continuous effectiveness of the pre-dust removal stage, and providing cleaner flue gas conditions for the subsequent spray desulfurization core process.

[0037] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the filter plate 6 is provided with expansion sealing strips 62 on both sides perpendicular to the placement cavity 51, and the expansion sealing strip 62 is provided with a protrusion on the side of the placement cavity 51 to squeeze the expansion sealing strip 62, so as to expand it and seal the cavity inside the air inlet pipe 5. The snap-fit ​​protrusion 61 has sliding grooves on both sides; a slider 8 is slidably connected to the sliding groove by a first spring 7; the snap-fit ​​cavity 52 has snap-fit ​​interfaces on both sides that connect to the outside, and the slider 8 is snapped into or separated from the snap-fit ​​interfaces.

[0038] In this embodiment, firstly, by utilizing the expansion sealing strip 62 and its compressive expansion characteristics, a tight radial seal can be automatically formed when the filter plate 6 is inserted into the placement cavity 51, effectively preventing unfiltered flue gas from leaking from the side gaps, ensuring that all flue gas must pass through the filter medium, and improving dust removal efficiency and operational safety; secondly, through the elastic locking mechanism composed of the slider 8 and the first spring 7, automatic locking when the filter plate 6 is inserted and convenient unlocking when maintenance is required are realized, providing a stable and reliable holding force for the detachable structure, avoiding loosening or displacement of the filter plate due to airflow impact or vibration, thereby simplifying maintenance operations while ensuring the long-term stability and sealing durability of the device.

[0039] Furthermore, in one embodiment, it also includes a rotating rod 9, which penetrates the outer wall of the air inlet pipe 5, and an air guide plate 10 is fixedly provided on the rod body located in the unfiltered chamber; one end of the rotating rod 9 is axially slidably provided with a second gear 92 via a second spring 91, and a limiting groove 53 is provided on the outer wall of the air inlet pipe 5 near the second gear 92, the limiting groove 53 being engaged with or disengaged from the second gear 92; A collection trough 54 is provided directly below the filter plate 6 and at the bottom of the air inlet duct 5.

[0040] In this embodiment, by adding an adjustable-angle air guide plate 10 inside the unfiltered chamber of the air inlet duct 5, the operator can pull the second gear 92 out of the limiting groove using the second spring 91, and rotate the second gear 92 to drive the rotating rod 9 and the air guide plate 10 to rotate. After adjusting the angle, the operator can release the second gear 92 to reset it and lock it into the limiting groove 53. This design allows the user to actively guide part of the airflow to concentrate and sweep the easily clogged areas according to the actual dust accumulation on the surface of the filter plate 6, achieving online and directional dust removal, thereby effectively reducing the increase of filter plate resistance and extending its effective working time. At the same time, the collection groove 54 set directly below the filter plate 6 can receive dust particles blown off by the airflow of the air guide plate 10 or fall naturally, and store them in a concentrated manner to prevent dust from scattering randomly or flying again at the bottom of the air inlet duct 5. This not only keeps the pipeline unobstructed, but also makes subsequent dust cleaning work more concentrated and convenient. This improves the adaptive dust removal capability and the convenience of operation and maintenance of the pre-dust removal unit.

[0041] Furthermore, in one embodiment, a support base 11 is fixed directly below the spray cylinder 201 and inside the pipe 1, and the top of the support base 11 is provided with an mounting ring 12 via a planar bearing. A support plate 121 is provided at the axis of the mounting ring 12, and the support plate 121 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting ring 12; a second drive assembly 13 is provided on the support plate 121, and multiple air guide plates 15 are rotatably provided on the ring side of the second drive assembly 13. The bottom of the air guide plate 15 is provided with an air guide strip 152.

[0042] In this embodiment, a rotatable active air guide layer is set directly below the spray treatment area and above the flue gas inlet: the mounting ring 12 is mounted on the support base 11 via a planar bearing, which allows the entire air guide assembly to rotate freely under the impact of flue gas, initially dispersing and evenly distributing the airflow; while the second drive assembly 13 drives multiple air guide plates 15 to rotate, allowing the angle of the air guide plates 15 to be actively and dynamically adjusted, thereby precisely guiding the flue gas flow direction and making it more evenly distributed on the cross-section of the tower; the air guide strips 152 further enhance the turbulence and guiding effect. This structure works synergistically from two levels: passive rotational flow equalization and active angle adjustment, effectively solving the problems of uneven distribution, airflow short circuits, or local eddies that easily occur when flue gas enters the spray area, ensuring that the rising flue gas can contact the lime water sprayed from the upper spray unit 2 evenly and fully, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of the desulfurization reaction.

[0043] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the second drive assembly 13 includes a second electric push rod 131 disposed on the support plate 121; a guide rotation tube 14 is disposed directly above the support plate 121, and a protective cap 144 is disposed on the top of the guide rotation tube 14. The annular wall of the guide rotating tube 14 is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped openings 141 at intervals, and a flat circular plate 142 is fixedly provided on the inner wall; the periphery of the flat circular plate 142 is provided with a plurality of horizontal grooves 143 corresponding to the arc-shaped openings 141 respectively. A connecting rod 151 is provided on one side of the air guide plate 15. The connecting rod 151 passes through the arc-shaped opening 141 and is slidably disposed in the horizontal slide groove 143. The telescopic end of the second electric push rod 131 is connected to the flat circular plate 142, driving the flat circular plate 142 to move vertically, which in turn drives the connecting rod 151 to move in the arc-shaped opening 141 and the horizontal slide groove 143.

[0044] In this embodiment, a simple method of driving a single planar circular plate 142 to move linearly up and down using a second electric push rod 131 is employed. A composite sliding mechanism, consisting of an arc-shaped opening 141 on the guide rotating tube 14 and horizontal sliding grooves 143 on the periphery of the planar circular plate 142, synchronously and with the same amplitude transforms the vertical movement of the circular plate into the coordinated sliding of multiple connecting rods 151 within the composite sliding groove. This, in turn, controls the angle deflection of all the air guide plates 15. This design cleverly transforms the single input of a linear power source (the second electric push rod 131) into unified, linear control of the angles of multiple air guide plates 15. The transmission mechanism is compact, with fewer parts, reducing the risk of failure associated with complex rotary joints or connecting mechanisms. Simultaneously, the protective cap 144 at the top prevents foreign objects from entering, further enhancing the long-term operational stability and maintenance convenience of the air guide assembly in harsh flue gas environments.

[0045] The beneficial effects of this invention include: A spraying device and a modular combined flue gas desulfurization and dust removal device are proposed. The first drive assembly 3 drives the rotating drum 204 and connecting ring 202 to revolve, causing all nozzles 206 to move as a whole along a large circular trajectory, sweeping across the entire cross-sectional area of ​​the spraying drum and eliminating geometric dead angles caused by fixed installation. Simultaneously, due to the meshing of the first gear 207 and the fixed gear ring 203, each rotating shaft 205 drives the nozzle 206 on it to rotate. This rotational motion changes the water curtain shape and spray direction of each nozzle 206. The superposition of these two motions causes the spray trajectory of a single nozzle 206 to evolve from a fixed conical or fan-shaped trajectory into a complex three-dimensional spiral or petal-shaped trajectory that changes over time. The trajectories of all nozzles 206 intertwine, forming a continuously updating and seamlessly connected spraying effect; the combined motion of the nozzles 206 intensifies the fluid turbulence within the tower. The moving nozzle 206 continuously throws droplets into the flue gas from different angles and at different speeds, which is equivalent to countless dynamic micro-mixers. This enhances the inertial collision, shearing and diffusion between the gas and liquid phases, breaks the stable gas film and liquid film, and allows gaseous components such as sulfur dioxide to be transferred from the main gas phase to the liquid phase and absorbed more quickly. Furthermore, this design is achieved through pure mechanical linkage, eliminating the need for a separate rotary motor for each nozzle 206, resulting in a compact structure and simple control. It overcomes the shortcomings of traditional fixed nozzles 206, such as spray dead zones and uneven liquid-gas mixing, ensuring that the lime water mist can more fully and randomly contact flue gas at different positions and in different directions, thereby improving the desulfurization reaction efficiency.

[0046] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0048] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A spraying device, characterized in that, It includes: tube body(1); The spray cylinder (201) is detachably connected to the top of the pipe body (1) and communicates with the inside of the pipe body (1); A connecting ring (202) is coaxially rotatably disposed on the inner wall of the spray cylinder (201); and a toothed ring (203) is provided on the inner wall of the spray cylinder (201). A rotating drum (204) is located at the axis of the connecting ring (202) and is provided with multiple rotating shafts (205) for circumferential rotation; the rotating shafts (205) pass through the connecting ring (202) and are rotatably connected to it, and are provided with multiple nozzles (206) along the axial direction; the end of the rotating shaft (205) away from the connecting ring (202) is provided with a first gear (207) that meshes with the toothed ring (203); The first drive assembly (3) is connected to the rotating drum (204), drives the rotating drum (204) to rotate radially, and drives the first gear (207) to rotate on the gear ring (203).

2. The spraying device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The spray cylinder (201), the connecting ring (202), the gear ring (203), the rotating cylinder (204), the rotating shaft (205), the nozzle (206), the first gear (207), and the first drive assembly (3) form a set of spray units (2); Multiple spray units (2) are arranged vertically in sequence, wherein two adjacent spray units (2) are detachably connected by their respective spray cylinders (201) and bolts.

3. The spraying device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the spray cylinder (201) is provided with two protrusions (2011) spaced apart; and the number of the connecting ring (202) and the rotating cylinder (204) of each spray unit (2) is also two; The bottom of the protrusion (2011) is provided with the toothed ring (203); the two connecting rings (202) are respectively placed on the top of the two protrusions (2011) by providing snap-fit ​​grooves (2021) on their respective ring sides; The first drive component (3) is connected to the two rotating drums (204) respectively.

4. The spraying device as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the spray cylinder (201) is provided with a placement shell (208); The first drive assembly (3) includes a first electric push rod (31) and a connecting rod (32); the connecting rod (32) is located between the two rotating drums (204) of the same spray unit (2), and its two ends are fixedly connected to the two rotating drums (204) respectively; The outer wall of the connecting rod (32) is fitted with a connecting sleeve (33), which is connected to the telescopic end of the first electric push rod (31), and the end of the first electric push rod (31) away from the telescopic end is provided with a vertical rod (34) fixed to the placement shell (208).

5. A modular combined flue gas desulfurization and dust removal device, characterized in that, It includes: Provide a spraying device as described in claim 1; The modular combined flue gas desulfurization and dust removal device includes the spraying device; An exhaust pipe (4) is provided on the spray cylinder (201) of the spray unit (2) located at the top; an air inlet pipe (5) communicating with the interior is provided on the outer wall of the pipe body (1).

6. The modular combined flue gas desulfurization and dust removal device as described in claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a filter plate (6); The air inlet pipe (5) has a placement cavity (51) communicating with its interior on one side, and the placement cavity (51) has an inclined angle with the horizontal plane; the placement cavity (51) is connected to a snap-fit ​​cavity (52). The filter plate (6) penetrates the placement cavity (51) and divides the cavity inside the air inlet pipe (5) into an unfiltered cavity and a filtered cavity; the filter plate (6) is provided with a snap-fit ​​protrusion (61) that fits into the snap-fit ​​cavity (52) and is detachably connected to the placement cavity (51).

7. The modular combined flue gas desulfurization and dust removal device as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The filter plate (6) is provided with expansion sealing strips (62) on both sides perpendicular to the placement cavity (51), and the expansion sealing strip (62) is provided with a protrusion on the side of the placement cavity (51) to squeeze the expansion sealing strip (62) so as to expand and seal the cavity inside the air inlet pipe (5); The snap-fit ​​protrusion (61) has sliding grooves on both sides; a slider (8) is slidably connected to the sliding groove by a first spring (7); the snap-fit ​​cavity (52) has snap-fit ​​interfaces on both sides that communicate with the outside, and the slider (8) is snapped or disengaged from the snap-fit ​​interfaces.

8. The modular combined flue gas desulfurization and dust removal device as described in claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a rotating rod (9), which penetrates the outer wall of the air inlet pipe (5), and an air guide plate (10) is fixedly provided on the rod body located in the unfiltered cavity; one end of the rotating rod (9) is axially slidably provided with a second gear (92) through a second spring (91), and a limiting groove (53) is provided on the outer wall of the air inlet pipe (5) near the second gear (92), and the limiting groove (53) is engaged with or disengaged from the second gear (92); A collection groove (54) is provided directly below the filter plate (6) and at the bottom of the air inlet pipe (5).

9. The modular combined flue gas desulfurization and dust removal device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A support base (11) is fixed directly below the spray cylinder (201) and inside the pipe (1). The top of the support base (11) is provided with an installation ring (12) via a planar bearing. A support plate (121) is provided at the center of the mounting ring (12), and the support plate (121) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting ring (12); a second drive assembly (13) is provided on the support plate (121), and multiple air guide plates (15) are rotatably provided on the ring side of the second drive assembly (13). The bottom of the air guide plate (15) is provided with an air guide strip (152).

10. The modular combined flue gas desulfurization and dust removal device as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The second drive assembly (13) includes a second electric push rod (131) disposed on the support plate (121); a guide rotation tube (14) is provided directly above the support plate (121), and a protective cap (144) is provided on the top of the guide rotation tube (14). The guide rotating tube (14) has multiple arc-shaped openings (141) spaced apart on its annular wall, and a flat circular plate (142) is fixedly provided on its inner wall; the flat circular plate (142) has multiple horizontal grooves (143) on its periphery that correspond to the arc-shaped openings (141) respectively. A connecting rod (151) is provided on one side of the air guide plate (15), the connecting rod (151) passes through the arc-shaped opening (141) and is slidably disposed in the horizontal groove (143). The telescopic end of the second electric push rod (131) is connected to the planar circular plate (142), driving the planar circular plate (142) to move vertically, thereby causing the connecting rod (151) to move in the arc-shaped opening (141) and the horizontal slide groove (143).

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