A high-pressure micro-nano bubble generator based on a venturi channel

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of gas-liquid dispersion, and discloses a cyclone-micro-hole collaborative high-pressure micro-nano bubble generating device based on a Venturi channel. The cyclone-micro-hole collaborative high-pressure micro-nano bubble generating device based on the Venturi channel comprises a collaborative high-pressure micro-nano bubble generating device, a liquid injection end, a Venturi contraction section channel, a Venturi throat channel, a Venturi diffusion section channel, a multi-stage cyclone-micro-hole dispersion channel, a dispersion system outlet contraction section channel and an outlet end which are coaxial and interconnected, and form a Venturi channel penetrating through the middle part of the collaborative high-pressure micro-nano bubble generating device. The cyclone-micro-hole collaborative high-pressure micro-nano bubble generating device has the advantages of high dispersion efficiency, small bubble size, concentrated distribution, a wide controllable range of gas-liquid ratio, high energy utilization rate and the like, is suitable for a high-pressure operation environment, and can be used in various industrial gas-liquid dispersion scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of high-pressure micro-nano dispersion system preparation technology, specifically relating to a vortex-micropore synergistic high-pressure micro-nano bubble generator based on Venturi channels. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, micro- and nano-bubbles have demonstrated enormous application potential in numerous fields due to their unique physicochemical properties, including tiny size (micrometer to nanometer scale), large specific surface area, long residence time in water, and surface charge. In agriculture, micro- and nano-bubble irrigation can significantly improve water and fertilizer use efficiency and root dissolved oxygen, promoting crop growth. In aquaculture, they are widely used for oxygenation in high-density aquaculture water bodies, effectively increasing stocking density and survival rates. In energy engineering, particularly in enhanced oil and gas recovery (EOR) and geothermal energy development, it is necessary to inject micro- and nano-bubble solutions into formations or geothermal reservoirs under high pressures of several megapascals or even tens of megapascals to improve fluid rheology, increase displacement efficiency, or enhance heat exchange capacity. These growing application scenarios clearly distinguish between two major technical requirements: atmospheric (or near-atmospheric) foaming (such as agricultural irrigation and water treatment) and high-pressure foaming (such as deep well injection, carbon dioxide flooding and storage, and formation fracturing assistance).

[0003] However, existing mainstream micro / nano bubble generation technologies (such as Venturi tube cavitation, rotational shear, microporous membrane diffusion, and pressurized dissolution release) are mainly designed and operated under atmospheric or low pressure (usually not exceeding 1 MPa). Venturi tubes and hydrocyclones rely on fluid kinetic energy to generate low-pressure cavitation zones, making it difficult to effectively form cavitation effects under high back pressure. Microporous membranes or plate materials are prone to deformation, blockage, or even rupture under high pressure. While pressurized dissolution release can generate bubbles under high pressure, its gas release is difficult to control, making it difficult to stably generate high-concentration, small-sized specific micro / nano bubble clusters. Therefore, existing technologies generally face significant challenges under high pressure conditions (>1 MPa), including low efficiency, difficulty in controlling bubble size, insufficient concentration, poor device reliability, and even inoperability, severely restricting the in-depth application of micro / nano bubble technology in high-pressure operating scenarios, especially in the field of energy engineering.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of generator that can withstand high pressure (>1 MPa) environments and still generate controllable micro-nano bubbles stably and efficiently under high back pressure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vortex-micropore synergistic high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator based on a Venturi channel. It generates a preliminary gas-liquid dispersion through primary accelerated mixing in a Venturi throat, followed by multiple strong shearing forces and fine bubble cutting using a strong vortex field. Finally, a downstream high-pressure-resistant microporous structure is used for precise size dispersion of the bubbles. This achieves stable and efficient generation of a high-concentration, small-sized micro / nano bubble dispersion system with a narrow particle size distribution under high-pressure gas-liquid source conditions (pressure significantly higher than 1 MPa), solving the problem of difficulty in preparing high-pressure, highly dispersed micro / nano bubbles in existing technologies. This meets the urgent need for high-pressure micro / nano bubble generation technology in fields such as energy engineering and deep well injection.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to achieve the above objectives is as follows: A vortex-micropore synergistic high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator based on Venturi channels, comprising a synergistic high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator. The synergistic high-pressure micro-nano bubble generator includes, in sequence, an injection end flange, a Venturi contraction section shell, a bubble generating structure shell, a Venturi diffusion section shell, a dispersion channel outer shell, a foaming device outlet section shell, and a dispersion system outlet end flange. It also includes a bubble generating structure, a multi-stage swirl-micropore dispersion channel, an injection end, a gas injection end, and an outlet end. The injection end is located on the injection end flange; The Venturi contraction section housing is provided with a Venturi contraction section channel at its axial center position; The bubble generating structure is disposed inside the bubble generating structure shell. The bubble generating structure includes hydrophobic microporous ceramic. The hydrophobicity and gas affinity of the material are achieved by coating the surface of the microporous ceramic with nano-hydrophobic materials. A Venturi throat channel is provided at the axial position of the bubble generating structure. An air inlet is provided on the bubble generating structure shell. A Venturi diffuser channel is provided at the axial position of the Venturi diffuser housing; The multi-stage swirling-micropore dispersion channel is located at the axial position inside the Venturi diffuser section shell and the outer shell of the dispersion channel, and the multi-stage swirling-micropore dispersion channel is located at the rear end of the Venturi diffuser section channel; The foaming device is provided with a dispersion system outlet contraction section channel at the axial position of the outlet section shell. The outlet end is located on the outlet flange of the distributed system; The injection end, Venturi contraction section channel, Venturi throat channel, Venturi diffusion section channel, multi-stage vortex-micropore dispersion channel, dispersion system outlet contraction section channel, and outlet end are coaxial and interconnected, forming a Venturi channel that runs through the middle of the synergistic high-pressure micro-nano bubble generator.

[0007] Furthermore, a cavitation cavity is provided between the outer wall of the hydrophobic microporous ceramic and the inner wall of the bubble generating structure shell; The bubble generating structure further includes a first microporous sealing gasket and a first microporous sealing cap disposed on one end face of the hydrophobic microporous ceramic, and a second microporous sealing gasket and a second microporous sealing cap disposed on the other end face of the hydrophobic microporous ceramic. The first microporous sealing cap and the second microporous sealing cap are confined within the air cavity. The first microporous sealing gasket is disposed between the first microporous sealing cap and the hydrophobic microporous ceramic, and the second microporous sealing gasket is disposed between the second microporous sealing cap and the hydrophobic microporous ceramic.

[0008] Preferably, the pore size of the hydrophobic microporous ceramic is 0.1~5μm.

[0009] Furthermore, the multi-stage cyclone-microporous dispersion channel includes, in sequence, a first-stage front sealing gasket, a first-stage cyclone channel shell, a first-stage tail sealing gasket, a first-stage microporous sieve plate, a second-stage front sealing gasket, a second-stage cyclone channel shell, a second-stage tail sealing gasket, a second-stage microporous sieve plate, a third-stage front sealing gasket, a third-stage cyclone channel shell, a third-stage tail sealing gasket, a third-stage microporous sieve plate, and a cyclone-microporous dispersion channel tail sealing gasket. The first-stage swirling channel shell, the second-stage swirling channel shell, and the third-stage swirling channel shell are respectively provided with a first-stage built-in spiral, a second-stage built-in spiral, and a third-stage built-in spiral.

[0010] Furthermore, the first-stage vortex channel shell, the second-stage vortex channel shell, and the third-stage vortex channel shell are respectively provided with a first fixed shaft, a second fixed shaft, and a third fixed shaft at their axial centers. The number of first-stage, second-stage, and third-stage built-in spirals are all four. Four primary built-in spirals are spirally wound around the first fixed shaft, four secondary built-in spirals are spirally wound around the second fixed shaft, and four tertiary built-in spirals are spirally wound around the third fixed shaft. The helical coordinate relationships of the four first-order built-in helices, four second-order built-in helices, and four third-order built-in helices all conform to Equation I, and the angle between the starting position of any built-in helice and the vertical reference line is 45 degrees, and the helical wall thickness of any built-in helice is 1 mm. Formula I In formula I, R This is the distance from the central axis of the helix to the helix line; θ It is a spiral radius; l 0 represents the horizontal coordinate distance from the top of each rotary cutting channel; a This represents the number of turns in each spiral order; N For natural numbers, 1 ≤ N ≤3; All units are in the International System of Units (SI).

[0011] The spiral channel housing at each level contains four identical internal spirals. These four internal spirals divide the internal flow space into four independent spiral channels with the same direction of rotation. The spatial trajectory of each spiral channel is determined by the parametric equations shown. In the Y... Within the Z-plane section, the angle between any built-in spiral and the vertical baseline is set to 45 degrees, and the spiral wall thickness of any built-in spiral is 1 mm. This allows the gas-liquid mixture to obtain circumferential and radial velocity components while maintaining axial transport as it passes through the spiral channel, thus forming a stable rotational flow.

[0012] The advantage of this design is that, under the guiding effect of the built-in spiral, the initially unevenly distributed bubble group along the flow channel cross-section undergoes circumferential migration and radial position exchange. This causes larger bubbles located in the upper part of the flow channel to gradually rotate and be transported to the lower region, while smaller bubbles located in the lower part of the flow channel migrate to the upper region. This reduces the stratification, flow deviation, and local aggregation phenomena caused by bubble size differences. In other words, bubbles of different sizes are spatially redistributed. The gas-liquid mixture redistributed by the spiral channel can enter the subsequent microporous sieve plate with a more uniform flow rate and bubble concentration, allowing bubbles in each region to undergo more consistent shearing, compression, and breakage, thereby improving the degree of bubble refinement and particle size distribution uniformity, and improving the operational stability and foaming efficiency of the foaming device.

[0013] Preferably, the pore size of the primary microporous sieve plate is 10~30μm, the pore size of the secondary microporous sieve plate is 50~150μm, and the pore size of the tertiary microporous sieve plate is 200~500μm.

[0014] Gradient stainless steel screens release pressure differentials step-by-step through progressively larger pores, allowing the gas-liquid mixture to continuously undergo shearing, expansion, and redispersion, promoting bubble nucleation and refining bubble diameter. Larger pores in later stages reduce local flow resistance and the probability of bubble coalescence, thereby improving foaming uniformity, bubble yield, and operational stability. Conventional methods that rely on progressively smaller pores to control bubble size often lead to a continuous increase in flow resistance and local pressure drop, resulting in increased energy consumption, decreased flux, and a higher risk of fine-pore blockage. Excessive shrinkage can also cause gas retention in the upstream stages, uneven flow distribution, and localized coalescence, thus reducing foaming uniformity and long-term operational stability.

[0015] Furthermore, the vortex-micropore synergistic high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator based on Venturi channels also includes a gas injection pump, a gas intermediate container, a gas injection end pressure gauge, a gas injection end valve, a liquid injection pump, a liquid intermediate container, a liquid injection end pressure gauge, a liquid injection end valve, a high-pressure micro / nano bubble container, and a back pressure valve. The injection pump is connected in sequence to the intermediate liquid container, the injection end pressure gauge, the injection end valve, and the injection end via the injection pipeline; The gas injection pump is connected in sequence to the intermediate gas container, the gas injection end pressure gauge, the gas injection end valve, and the gas injection end via a gas injection pipeline. The outlet is connected in sequence to a high-pressure micro-nano bubble container and a back pressure valve via an outlet pipeline. The high-pressure micro-nano bubble container is used for storing and observing high-pressure micro-nano bubbles. Furthermore, the components of the vortex-micropore synergistic high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator based on Venturi channels are connected and sealed in the following manner: The liquid injection end flange is connected to the Venturi contraction section shell by imported bolts, and the two are sealed by imported sealing rings; The Venturi contraction section shell and the bubble generating structure shell are connected by a first thread, and the first radial sealing ring is used to achieve a seal between the Venturi contraction section shell and the bubble generating structure shell, and the first end face sealing gasket is used to achieve a seal between the Venturi contraction section shell and the bubble generating structure. The Venturi diffuser housing and the bubble generating structure housing are connected by a second thread, and the Venturi diffuser housing and the bubble generating structure housing are sealed by a second radial sealing ring, and the bubble generating structure and the Venturi diffuser housing are sealed by a second end face sealing gasket. The multi-stage swirl-micropore dispersion channel is located at the axial position of the Venturi diffuser section shell and the outer shell of the dispersion channel. The Venturi diffuser section shell and the multi-stage swirl-micropore dispersion channel are sealed at their front ends by a primary front end sealing gasket. The multi-stage swirl-micropore dispersion channel and the outlet section shell of the foaming device are sealed at their rear ends by a swirl-micropore dispersion channel tail end sealing gasket. The Venturi diffuser section shell and the outer shell of the dispersion channel are connected by a third thread and sealed by a secondary spiral shell sealing ring. The outer shell of the dispersion channel is connected to the outlet section shell of the foaming device by a fourth thread, and the two are sealed by the sealing ring of the dispersion channel shell. The outlet section shell of the foaming device is connected to the outlet flange of the dispersion system by outlet bolts, and the two are sealed by an outlet sealing ring.

[0016] Furthermore, the length of the contraction section of the Venturi contraction section channel is 10 mm, and the contraction angle is 12°; The diameter of the Venturi throat passage is 1 mm and the length is 25 mm; The diffusion angle of the Venturi diffuser channel is 10°, and the outlet length of the diffuser section is 5 mm. The contraction angle of the outlet contraction section channel of the dispersed system is 12°; A tail channel is provided at the center of the outlet end shaft, and the length of the tail channel is 1mm.

[0017] Furthermore, the lengths of the primary vortex channel shell, the secondary vortex channel shell, and the tertiary vortex channel shell are all 12 mm. The thickness of the primary, secondary, and tertiary microporous sieve plates is 4 mm.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Achieves efficient in-situ dispersion under high pressure, overcoming the bottleneck of operating pressure. This invention is based on a Venturi channel and uses a hydrophobic microporous ceramic structure for precise dimensional determination. N The synergistic effect of the uniform dispersion of the swirling flow field with +0.5 cycles and the enhanced shearing three-stage foaming mechanism of the microporous dispersion channel gives the device extremely high gas-liquid dispersion performance. The thickened shell structure and sufficient sealing measures ensure structural stability and sealing under high pressure conditions (pressure significantly higher than 1MPa), solving the key problem that existing technologies cannot prepare high-quality micro-nano bubbles in situ under high pressure conditions.

[0019] 2. Capable of precise gas-liquid ratio control under high pressure. The core Venturi structure of the device adaptively ejects gas based on the inlet pressure and flow rate, while the synergistic effect of the swirling flow field and microporous structure ensures that bubbles can be effectively segmented and stably dispersed even under high pressure and high gas-liquid ratio conditions. By adjusting the feed parameters, precise and stable control can be achieved over a wide range under high pressure (e.g., above 1 MPa), meeting the specific requirements for gas phase content in different industrial applications and overcoming the shortcomings of traditional technologies such as easy loss of gas-liquid ratio control and unstable foam quality under high pressure.

[0020] 3. Significantly improved energy utilization efficiency and bubble generation benefits. This device ingeniously integrates a venturi system, microporous channels, and a swirling flow field, achieving efficient conversion of pressure energy into kinetic energy and surface energy, forming a multi-level energy coupling and transfer path. Compared to traditional methods relying solely on high-speed shearing or high-pressure infiltration, this synergistic dispersion mode greatly reduces energy consumption per unit bubble yield. Simultaneously, due to more thorough and uniform shearing, the average bubble size is smaller and the distribution is more concentrated, achieving higher foaming efficiency and superior final dispersion system quality. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vortex-micropore synergistic high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator based on Venturi channels according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collaborative high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bubble generation structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the multi-stage vortex-micropore dispersion channel structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-stage vortex-micropore dispersion channel from another perspective in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collaborative high-pressure micro-nano bubble generator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 7 This is a photograph of the actual product of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 8 Microscopic images of the CO2-deionized water system micro-nano bubble dispersion system obtained in Example 2; Figure 9 Microscopic images of the CO2–SDS system microbubble dispersion obtained in Example 2; Figure 10 The figure shows the particle size statistics of the CO2-deionized water system and the CO2-SDS system micro-nano bubble dispersion system obtained in Example 2. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the Tyndall effect in different stages of micro-nano bubble generation in the CO2-deionized water system obtained in Example 2. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the Tyndall effect in the CO2–SDS system obtained in Example 2 at different stages of micro-nano bubble generation; Figure 13 The time-varying evolution of scattering intensity of the CO2-deionized water system and CO2-SDS system obtained in Example 2, as well as the particle size distribution of dynamic light scattering (DLS) after stabilization; Figure 14 The figure shows the statistical results of the micron-sized bubble particle size distribution during the generation of micro- and nano-bubbles in the CO2-deionized water and CO2-SDS systems obtained in Example 2, and the particle size distribution of the nanoparticles formed after stabilization.

[0022] Among them, 1-cooperative high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator, 3-bubble generating structure shell, 4-bubble generating structure, 5-Venturi diffuser section shell, 6-multi-stage vortex-micropore dispersion channel, 7-dispersion channel outer shell, 11-gas injection pump, 12-gas intermediate container, 13-gas injection end pressure gauge, 14-gas injection end valve, 15-liquid injection pump, 16-liquid intermediate container, 17-liquid injection end pressure gauge, 18-liquid injection end valve, 21-liquid injection end flange, 22-liquid injection end, 23-inlet screw 24-Inlet sealing ring, 25-Venturi contraction section shell, 26-Venturi contraction section channel, 27-First thread, 28-First radial sealing ring, 29-First end face gasket, 31-Inlet end, 33-Vacuum cavitation, 41-Hydrophobic microporous ceramic, 42-Venturi throat channel, 43-First microporous sealing gasket, 44-First microporous sealing cap, 45-Second microporous sealing gasket, 46-Second microporous sealing cap, 51-Venturi diffuser section channel, 52-Second thread, 53-Second thread Radial sealing ring, 54-Second end face sealing gasket, 72-Third thread, 73-Secondary spiral shell sealing ring, 81-Outlet section shell of foaming device, 82-Outlet contraction section channel of dispersion system, 83-Fourth thread, 84-Dispersion channel shell sealing ring, 85-Outlet flange of dispersion system, 86-Outlet end, 87-Outlet bolt, 88-Outlet sealing ring, 91-High pressure micro-nano bubble container, 92-Back pressure valve, 601-First stage front end sealing gasket, 602-First stage cyclone channel shell, 60 3-First-stage built-in spiral, 604-First-stage tail gasket, 605-First-stage microporous sieve plate, 606-Second-stage front gasket, 607-Second-stage cyclone channel shell, 608-Second-stage built-in spiral, 609-Second-stage tail gasket, 610-Second-stage microporous sieve plate, 611-Third-stage front gasket, 612-Third-stage cyclone channel shell, 613-Third-stage built-in spiral, 614-Third-stage tail gasket, 615-Third-stage microporous sieve plate, 616-Cyclone-microporous dispersion channel tail gasket. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a vortex-micropore synergistic high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator based on a Venturi channel. It should be noted that, for ease of understanding the specific structure of the high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator of this invention, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 The collaborative high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator 1 in the figure is a full axial sectional view; Figure 3 , Figure 4 These are half-section views of the bubble generating structure 4 and the multi-stage swirling-micropore dispersion channel 6, respectively. Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the multi-stage swirling-micropore dispersion channel 6 taken along the middle of the three-stage swirling channel shell 612.

[0025] The vortex-micropore synergistic high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator based on Venturi channels in this embodiment includes an injection pump 11, a gas intermediate container 12, a liquid injection pump 15, a liquid intermediate container 16, a synergistic high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator 1, and a back pressure valve 92. The injection pump 11 is connected to the gas intermediate container 12, which is connected to the inlet 31 of the synergistic high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator 1 via an injection pipeline L1. The liquid injection pump 15 is connected to the liquid intermediate container 16, which is connected to the liquid injection end 22 of the synergistic high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator 1 via an injection pipeline L2. The outlet 86 of the synergistic high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator 1 is connected to the back pressure valve 92 via an outlet pipeline L3. The outlet pipeline L3 is also connected to the high-pressure micro / nano bubble container 91 for the collection, storage, and state monitoring of the high-pressure dispersion system.

[0026] The gas injection pump 11 is connected to the gas intermediate container 12, the gas injection end pressure gauge 13 and the gas injection end valve 14 in sequence via the gas injection pipeline L1; the liquid injection pump 15 is connected to the liquid intermediate container 16, the liquid injection end pressure gauge 17 and the liquid injection end valve 18 in sequence via the liquid injection pipeline L2, thereby realizing independent control of the gas phase injection pressure, the liquid phase injection pressure and the gas-liquid two-phase flow rate.

[0027] The collaborative high-pressure micro-nano bubble generator 1 includes, in sequence, an injection end flange 21, a Venturi contraction section shell 25, a bubble generating structure shell 3, a Venturi diffusion section shell 5, a dispersion channel outer shell 7, a foaming device outlet section shell 81, and a dispersion system outlet end flange 85. The collaborative high-pressure micro-nano bubble generator 1 also includes a bubble generating structure 4 and a multi-stage swirling-micropore dispersion channel 6. The bubble generating structure 4 is disposed inside the bubble generating structure shell 3, and the multi-stage swirling-micropore dispersion channel 6 is disposed at the axial position inside the Venturi diffusion section shell 5 and the outer shell 7 of the dispersion channel. The Venturi contraction section shell 25 has a Venturi contraction section channel 26 at its axial position; the bubble generating structure 4 has a Venturi throat channel 42 at its axial position; the Venturi diffusion section shell 5 has a Venturi diffusion section channel 51 at its axial position; and the foaming device outlet section shell 81 has a dispersion system outlet contraction section channel 82 at its axial position. The injection end 22, Venturi contraction channel 26, Venturi throat channel 42, Venturi diffusion channel 51, multi-stage vortex-micropore dispersion channel 6, dispersion system outlet contraction channel 82, and outlet end 86 are coaxial and interconnected, forming a Venturi channel that runs through the middle of the synergistic high-pressure micro-nano bubble generator 1.

[0028] The injection end flange 21 is fixed to the Venturi contraction section shell 25 by the inlet bolt 23 and sealed by the inlet sealing ring 24. The Venturi contraction section shell 25 is connected to the bubble generating structure shell 3 by the first thread 27 and achieves pressure sealing by the first radial sealing ring 28 and the first end face sealing gasket 29. The Venturi diffusion section shell 5 is connected to the bubble generating structure shell 3 by the second thread 52 and achieves pressure sealing by the second radial sealing ring 53 and the second end face sealing gasket 54. The Venturi diffusion section shell 5, the dispersion channel outer shell 7, the foaming device outlet section shell 81, and the dispersion system outlet end flange 85 are connected sequentially by the third thread 72, the fourth thread 83, and the outlet bolt 87. The Venturi diffusion section shell 5 and the dispersion channel outer shell 7 achieve pressure sealing by the secondary spiral shell sealing ring 73. The dispersion channel outer shell 7 and the foaming device outlet section shell 81 achieve pressure sealing by the dispersion channel shell sealing ring 84. The foaming device outlet section shell 81 and the dispersion system outlet end flange 85 achieve pressure sealing by the outlet sealing ring 88. This is to ensure the structural strength and sealing reliability of the device under high-pressure injection conditions.

[0029] The core component of the bubble-generating structure 4 is a hydrophobic microporous ceramic 41. The hydrophobic microporous ceramic 41 possesses hydrophobic and gas-loving properties by coating its surface with a nano-hydrophobic material. Symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hydrophobic microporous ceramic 41 from the inside out are a first microporous sealing gasket 43, a first microporous sealing cap 44, a second microporous sealing gasket 45, and a second microporous sealing cap 46. The axis of the hydrophobic microporous ceramic 41, the microporous sealing gaskets, and the microporous sealing caps together constitutes the Venturi throat channel, and the first microporous sealing cap 44 and the second microporous sealing cap 46 are confined within the air cavity 33 of the bubble-generating structure shell 3. Through this structure, gas can uniformly enter the Venturi throat channel region through the hydrophobic microporous ceramic 41 under high pressure and achieve initial mixing with the high-speed liquid flow.

[0030] The multi-stage swirling-microporous dispersion channel 6 is located downstream of the Venturi diffusion section channel 51. The multi-stage swirling-microporous dispersion channel 6 includes, in sequence, a first-stage front-end sealing gasket 601, a first-stage swirling channel housing 602, a first-stage tail-end sealing gasket 604, a first-stage microporous sieve plate 605, a second-stage front-end sealing gasket 606, a second-stage swirling channel housing 607, a second-stage tail-end sealing gasket 609, a second-stage microporous sieve plate 610, a third-stage front-end sealing gasket 611, a third-stage swirling channel housing 612, a third-stage tail-end sealing gasket 614, a third-stage microporous sieve plate 615, and so on. The tail sealing gasket 616 of the flow-micropore dispersion channel, the above structure is arranged in sequence to achieve the outer circumference sealing of the multi-stage swirling-micropore dispersion channel 6, the first stage swirling channel housing 602, the second stage swirling channel housing 607 and the third stage swirling channel housing 612 are respectively provided with a first stage built-in spiral 603, a second stage built-in spiral 608 and a third stage built-in spiral 613, and the first stage swirling channel housing 602, the second stage swirling channel housing 607 and the third stage swirling channel housing 612 are respectively provided with a first fixed shaft, a second fixed shaft and a third fixed shaft at the axial center position; The number of the first-stage built-in spiral 603, the second-stage built-in spiral 608, and the third-stage built-in spiral 613 are all four. The four first-stage built-in spirals 603 are spirally wound around the first fixed shaft, the four second-stage built-in spirals 608 are spirally wound around the second fixed shaft, and the four third-stage built-in spirals 613 are spirally wound around the third fixed shaft (e.g., ...). Figure 5 As shown in the figure, a swirling flow field is formed and a strong shearing effect is generated during the fluid flow; the microporous sieve plates at each stage further throttle, cut and shape the gas-liquid dispersion after initial swirling and breaking, thereby achieving multi-stage fine dispersion of the gas and liquid phases. The helical coordinate relationships of the four first-stage built-in spirals, four second-stage built-in spirals and four third-stage built-in spirals all conform to the following formula:

[0031] in R It is the distance from the central axis of the helix (that is, the central axis of each fixed axis) to the helix; θ It is a spiral radius; l 0 represents the horizontal coordinate distance from the top of each rotary cutting channel; a This represents the number of turns in each spiral order; N For natural numbers, 1 ≤ N≤3 The swirling channel refers to the inner cavity of the shell of each stage of the swirling channel. See [reference needed] for the coordinate origin and x and y axis directions. Figure 6 As shown, the z-axis direction is perpendicular to the paper plane and points outwards. Each level of the spiral channel housing contains four identical internal spirals. These four internal spirals divide the internal flow space into four independent spiral channels with the same direction of rotation. The spatial trajectory of each spiral channel is determined by the formula described above. In the Y... Within the Z-plane section, the angle between the starting position of any built-in spiral and the vertical baseline is set to 45 degrees, and the spiral wall thickness of any built-in spiral is 1 mm, so that when the bubble dispersion system passes through each spiral channel, it obtains a radial velocity component while maintaining axial conveying.

[0032] In this embodiment, the Venturi contraction section channel 26 has a contraction length of 10 mm and a contraction angle of 12°; the Venturi throat channel has a diameter of 1 mm and a length of 25 mm; the Venturi diffusion section channel 51 has a diffusion angle of 10° and a diffusion section outlet length of 5 mm; the dispersion system outlet contraction section channel 82 has a contraction angle of 12°, and the tail channel at the axial position of the outlet end 86 has a diameter of 1 mm. In the multi-stage cyclone-microporous dispersion channel 6, the shell length of each stage of the cyclone channel is 12 mm, and the thickness of each stage of the microporous sieve plate is 4 mm.

[0033] In this embodiment, the pore sizes of the primary microporous sieve plate 605, the secondary microporous sieve plate 610, and the tertiary microporous sieve plate 615 are 20μm, 100μm, and 200μm, respectively, and the pore size of the hydrophobic microporous ceramic 41 is 2μm.

[0034] The operation process of the device in this embodiment is as follows: First, set the back pressure valve 92 to 5MPa, open the gas injection valve 14, and start the gas injection pump 11. The experimentally designed gas injection flow rate range is 5-100ml / min, allowing the gaseous medium to enter the interior of the collaborative high-pressure micro-nano bubble generator 1 from the gas inlet 31 through the gas injection pipeline L1, completing the pre-saturation of the device interior and passageway with high-pressure gas. After the pressure of the gas injection end pressure gauge 13 stabilizes, keep the gas injection rate constant and open the liquid injection valve 18, start the liquid injection pump 15. The experimentally designed flow rate range is 10-100ml / min, allowing the liquid medium to enter the interior of the collaborative high-pressure micro-nano bubble generator 1 from the liquid injection end 22 through the gas injection pipeline L2. As the liquid medium is continuously injected, the pressure at the gas injection end pressure gauge 13 and the liquid injection end valve 18 gradually stabilizes. The foaming effect observed through the high-pressure micro-nano bubble container 91 also gradually stabilizes. At this point, the dynamic distribution of the gas and liquid phases in the flow field is as follows: gas is injected circumferentially into the Venturi throat channel 42 through the gas inlet 31 and the hydrophobic microporous ceramic 41, while the liquid phase is accelerated through the liquid injection end 22 and the Venturi contraction section channel 26, thus fully shearing the gas dispersed circumferentially from the hydrophobic microporous ceramic 41 into the Venturi throat channel 42, achieving primary gas-liquid dispersion within the Venturi throat channel 42. The dispersed gas and liquid phases then enter the multi-stage swirling-microporous dispersion channel 6 through the Venturi diffusion section channel 51. Each stage of swirling flow, by introducing radial velocity components and coordinating with the microporous throttling effect, promotes uniform bubble refinement and re-shearing. Finally, the dispersed system exits through the outlet contraction section channel 82 and the outlet end 86, entering the high-pressure micro-nano bubble container 91 for observation, and is finally discharged through the back pressure valve 92. During implementation, the gas-liquid ratio, injection flow rate, and outlet back pressure can be adjusted by regulating the injection rates of the gas injection pump 11 and the liquid injection pump 15, as well as the pressure of the back pressure valve 92. This allows the device to be suitable for high-pressure operating conditions with pressures significantly higher than 1 MPa. When operating in the above manner, the device can achieve continuous preparation of high-pressure micro-nano bubble dispersion systems, and the resulting dispersion systems exhibit good stability and dispersion uniformity.

[0035] By adopting the above structure, this embodiment comprehensively utilizes the accelerated phase mixing effect of the Venturi channel, the uniform gas distribution effect of the hydrophobic microporous ceramic, and the enhanced shearing and fixed-size dispersion effect of the multi-stage swirling-microporous dispersion channel to achieve continuous and efficient dispersion of gas and liquid phases under high pressure. It can produce a micro-nano bubble dispersion system with high concentration, small particle size and concentrated distribution, while taking into account the pressure-bearing sealing performance and operational stability of the device under high pressure conditions.

[0036] like Figure 7As shown, in the manufacturing process of this embodiment, each housing is constructed using multi-grade 316 stainless steel. This not only meets the sealing and mechanical strength requirements for pressure tests of 5 MPa and above, but also facilitates the disassembly, assembly, and replacement of the hydrophobic microporous ceramic elements, swirling channels, and dispersing sieve assembly. The internal flow channels are replicated proportionally based on simulated geometry, and the structural components are manufactured using a combination of precision machining, metal additive manufacturing, and surface modification. In particular, a Venturi throat channel is machined on the central axis of the hydrophobic microporous ceramic structure using precision drilling technology. The axial length tolerance of the hydrophobic microporous ceramic structure, the spiral cutting channel, and the dispersing sieve assembly is -0.05 mm, and the radial diameter tolerance is -0.02 mm. This ensures the uniformity of the flow field cross-section, thereby minimizing the impact of manufacturing deviations on the Reynolds number, shear stress, and separation-reattachment phenomena in the flow field.

[0037] Example 2 Foaming experiments were conducted using the Venturi channel vortex-micropore synergistic high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator described in Example 1. The basic experimental parameters were: back pressure valve 92 set to 5 MPa, injection rate of gas pump 11 at 24 ml / min, injection rate of liquid pump 15 at 30 ml / min, corresponding to a high-pressure gas-liquid ratio of 0.8. The experimental equipment and basic procedures are as follows: specifically, a MBs characterization scheme and a comprehensive MNBs characterization scheme. For the MBs characterization scheme: a pressure-resistant microfluidic chip was connected between the high-pressure micro / nano bubble container 91 and the back pressure valve 92. The microfluidic chip and the high-pressure visual reaction vessel were made of BF33 glass and thickened borosilicate glass, respectively, to ensure experimental safety under high-pressure conditions. Valves were installed at both ends of the pressure-resistant microfluidic chip. By controlling the valves connected to both ends of the pressure-resistant microfluidic chip, micron-sized bubble clusters were captured during the foaming process. The captured micron-sized bubble clusters were then observed using an ultra-large depth-of-field digital microscope (VHX-6000, Keyence, Japan). MNBs characterization scheme: On the one hand, the light scattering state of micro- and nano-bubbles within the high-pressure micro / nano-bubble container 91 was monitored using a laser emitter during the formation, ascent, and stabilization of the micro- and nano-bubbles, to analyze differences in the Tyndall effect. On the other hand, the dynamic changes in the intensity of scattered light from the bubble clusters within the high-pressure micro / nano-bubble container 91 over time were monitored using VASCO Kin™ (Cordouan Technologies, France) in-situ dynamic light scattering (DLS) technology, from formation, ascent, decay to the stable retention of the nano-bubbles, and the cumulative particle size distribution was analyzed after the scattered light intensity stabilized. The in-situ DLS module consists of a fiber optic probe connected to the VASCO Kin™ analyzer. The system is equipped with Nano Kin software (V2.3.3.0) for monitoring changes in light scattering, particle size distribution, and cumulative changes caused by bubbles in the reactor. The experimental system was divided into two groups: a CO2-deionized water group and a CO2-SDS group, where the CO2 purity exceeded 99.99% and the SDS solution had a mass concentration of 0.3%.

[0038] Results Evaluation Figure 8 and Figure 9 The images are microscopic images of CO2–water (a1–a3) and CO2–SDS (b1–b3) bubble dispersion systems under the conditions of 5 MPa back pressure and 0.8 gas-liquid ratio, respectively, in Example 2. The experiment was repeated three times, and at least 1500 bubbles were analyzed. Figure 10 The statistical results of particle size distribution in the CO2-deionized water system and the CO2-SDS system micro-nano bubble dispersion system obtained in the experiment are presented. Figures 8-10Analysis revealed that both systems generated a large number of micron-sized bubbles under continuous flow conditions of 5 MPa, supporting the effectiveness of CFD-optimized geometry in promoting gas-liquid dispersion under high pressure. Quantitative analysis showed that the average and median bubble diameters of the CO2-deionized water system were 48.25 μm and 41.70 μm, respectively; in contrast, the bubbles generated by the CO2-SDS system were significantly smaller, with corresponding values ​​of 15.50 μm and 10.00 μm, and a significantly narrower particle size distribution.

[0039] Figure 11 and Figure 12 These are schematic diagrams of the Tyndall effect at different stages of micro-nano bubble generation in the CO2-deionized water system and CO2-SDS system obtained in Example 2, respectively; where c1-c3 and d1-d3 correspond to the Tyndall effect of the micro-nano bubble dispersion system in the formation (c1, d1), rise and decay (c2, d2) and stable stages (c3, d3) stages, respectively. Figure 13 This document describes the time-varying evolution of scattering intensity in the CO2-deionized water system and the CO2-SDS system obtained in Example 2, as well as the stable dynamic light scattering (DLS) particle size distribution. Based on... Figure 11 and Figure 13 Analysis showed that under a back pressure of 5 MPa, both the CO2-water system and the CO2-SDS system formed a large number of dispersed bubbles in the initial stage. Among them, the CO2-SDS system exhibited a more uniform Tyndall scattering path and finer light scattering characteristics. Figure 11 c1 and Figure 12 (d1). This phenomenon is related to Figure 10 The microscopic images and particle size statistics are consistent, indicating that the SDS system has smaller characteristic bubble sizes and a more concentrated particle size distribution in the early micron-scale dispersion stage. As larger micron-scale bubbles gradually rise and dissipate... Figure 11 c2 and Figure 12 The Tyndall beam within the system gradually transforms from a diffuse state to a clear and stable straight optical path (d2). Figure 11 c3 and Figure 12 (d3). Correspondingly, the normalized scattered light intensities of the two systems reached a relative equilibrium at 70.26 seconds and 2211.47 seconds, respectively (see d3). Figure 13 (Note the middle marker). Figure 14This section presents the statistical results of the micron-sized bubble particle size distribution during micro- and nano-bubble generation and the nanoparticle size distribution after stabilization in the CO2-deionized water system and CO2-SDS system obtained in Example 2, including the average particle size and standard deviation. The results show that when the high-pressure gas-liquid ratio is 0.8, the addition of SDS further improves the dispersion effect, reducing the average diameter of the micron-sized bubbles from 48.25 μm to 15.50 μm, and simultaneously reducing the average hydrodynamic diameter of NBs detected by dynamic light scattering (DLS) from 367.81 ± 9.10 nm to 147.10 ± 6.42 nm (n=3), indicating that it helps to achieve a finer dispersion structure.

[0040] The results show that, under the conditions of 5 MPa and a gas-liquid ratio of 0.8, the vortex-micropore synergistic high-pressure micro-nano bubble generator of the Venturi channel exhibits excellent micron-level dispersion capability in both CO2-deionized water and CO2-SDS systems.

[0041] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A vortex-micropore synergistic high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator based on Venturi channels, characterized in that, Including a collaborative high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator (1), The synergistic high-pressure micro-nano bubble generator (1) includes, in sequence, an injection end flange (21), a Venturi contraction section shell (25), a bubble generating structure shell (3), a Venturi diffusion section shell (5), a dispersion channel outer shell (7), a foaming device outlet section shell (81), and a dispersion system outlet end flange (85). It also includes a bubble generating structure (4), a multi-stage vortex-micropore dispersion channel (6), an injection end (22), an air inlet end (31), and an outlet end (86). The injection end (22) is located on the injection end flange (21); The Venturi contraction section housing (25) is provided with a Venturi contraction section channel (26) at the axial position; The bubble generating structure (4) is disposed inside the bubble generating structure shell (3). The bubble generating structure (4) includes a hydrophobic microporous ceramic (41). A Venturi throat channel (42) is provided at the axial position of the bubble generating structure (4). An air inlet (31) is provided on the bubble generating structure shell (3). An air cavity (33) is provided between the outer wall of the hydrophobic microporous ceramic (41) and the inner wall of the bubble generating structure shell (3). The bubble generating structure (4) also includes a first microporous sealing gasket (43) and a first microporous sealing cap (44) disposed on one end face of the hydrophobic microporous ceramic (41). A second microporous sealing gasket (45) and a second microporous sealing cap (46) disposed on the other end face of the hydrophobic microporous ceramic (41). The first microporous sealing cap (44) and the second microporous sealing cap (46) are confined within the air cavity (33). The Venturi diffuser housing (5) is provided with a Venturi diffuser channel (51) at the axial position; The multi-stage swirling-micropore dispersion channel (6) is located at the axial position inside the Venturi diffuser section shell (5) and the outer shell (7) of the dispersion channel, and the multi-stage swirling-micropore dispersion channel (6) is located at the rear end of the Venturi diffuser section channel (51); The outlet section shell (81) of the foaming device is provided with a dispersion system outlet contraction section channel (82) at the axial position; The outlet end (86) is located on the outlet flange (85) of the dispersion system; The injection end (22), Venturi contraction channel (26), Venturi throat channel (42), Venturi diffusion channel (51), multi-stage vortex-micropore dispersion channel (6), dispersion system outlet contraction channel (82) and outlet end (86) are coaxial and interconnected, forming a Venturi channel that runs through the middle of the synergistic high-pressure micro-nano bubble generator (1).

2. The vortex-micropore synergistic high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator based on Venturi channels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pore size of the hydrophobic microporous ceramic (41) is 0.1~5μm.

3. The vortex-micropore synergistic high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator based on Venturi channels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-stage swirling-microporous dispersion channel (6) includes, in sequence, a first-stage front sealing gasket (601), a first-stage swirling channel shell (602), a first-stage tail sealing gasket (604), a first-stage microporous sieve plate (605), a second-stage front sealing gasket (606), a second-stage swirling channel shell (607), a second-stage tail sealing gasket (609), a second-stage microporous sieve plate (610), a third-stage front sealing gasket (611), a third-stage swirling channel shell (612), a third-stage tail sealing gasket (614), a third-stage microporous sieve plate (615), and a swirling-microporous dispersion channel tail sealing gasket (616). The first-stage swirling channel housing (602), the second-stage swirling channel housing (607), and the third-stage swirling channel housing (612) are respectively provided with a first-stage built-in spiral (603), a second-stage built-in spiral (608), and a third-stage built-in spiral (613).

4. The vortex-micropore synergistic high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator based on Venturi channels according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first-stage vortex channel housing (602), the second-stage vortex channel housing (607), and the third-stage vortex channel housing (612) are respectively provided with a first fixed shaft, a second fixed shaft, and a third fixed shaft at their axial positions. The number of the first-stage built-in spiral (603), the second-stage built-in spiral (608), and the third-stage built-in spiral (613) are all four. Four primary built-in spirals (603) are spirally wound on the first fixed shaft, four secondary built-in spirals (608) are spirally wound on the second fixed shaft, and four tertiary built-in spirals (613) are spirally wound on the third fixed shaft. The helical coordinate relationships of the four first-stage built-in helices (603), four second-stage built-in helices (608), and four third-stage built-in helices (613) all conform to Equation I, and the angle between the starting position of any built-in helice and the vertical reference line is 45 degrees, and the helical wall thickness of any built-in helice is 1 mm. Equation I In formula I, R This is the distance from the central axis of the helix to the helix line; θ It is a spiral radius; l 0 represents the horizontal coordinate distance from the top of each rotary cutting channel; a This represents the number of turns in each spiral order; N For natural numbers, 1 ≤ N ≤3.

5. The vortex-micropore synergistic high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator based on Venturi channels according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pore size of the primary microporous sieve plate (605) is 10~30μm, the pore size of the secondary microporous sieve plate (610) is 50~150μm, and the pore size of the tertiary microporous sieve plate (615) is 200~500μm.

6. The vortex-micropore synergistic high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator based on Venturi channels according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an injection pump (11), a gas intermediate container (12), an injection end pressure gauge (13), an injection end valve (14), a liquid injection pump (15), a liquid intermediate container (16), an injection end pressure gauge (17), an injection end valve (18), a high-pressure micro-nano bubble container (91), and a back pressure valve (92). The injection pump (15) is connected in sequence to the intermediate liquid container (16), the injection end pressure gauge (17), the injection end valve (18), and the injection end (22) through the injection pipeline; The gas injection pump (11) is connected in sequence to the gas intermediate container (12), the gas injection end pressure gauge (13), the gas injection end valve (14) and the gas inlet end (31) through the gas injection pipeline; The outlet end (86) is connected in sequence to the high-pressure micro-nano bubble container (91) and the back pressure valve (92) through the outlet pipeline.

7. The vortex-micropore synergistic high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator based on Venturi channels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The injection end flange (21) and the Venturi contraction section shell (25) are connected by inlet bolts (23) and sealed by inlet sealing rings (24); The Venturi contraction section shell (25) and the bubble generating structure shell (3) are connected by a first thread (27), and the first radial sealing ring (28) is used to achieve a seal between the Venturi contraction section shell (25) and the bubble generating structure shell (3), and the first end face sealing gasket (29) is used to achieve a seal between the Venturi contraction section shell (25) and the bubble generating structure (4). The Venturi diffuser housing (5) and the bubble generating structure housing (3) are connected by a second thread (52), and the Venturi diffuser housing (5) and the bubble generating structure housing (3) are sealed by a second radial sealing ring (53), and the bubble generating structure (4) and the Venturi diffuser housing (5) are sealed by a second end face sealing gasket (54). The Venturi diffuser section shell (5) and the dispersion channel outer shell (7) are connected by a third thread (72) and sealed by a secondary spiral shell sealing ring (73); The outer shell (7) of the dispersion channel is connected to the outlet section shell (81) of the foaming device by a fourth thread (83), and the two are sealed by the sealing ring (84) of the dispersion channel shell. The outlet section shell (81) of the foaming device is connected to the outlet flange (85) of the dispersion system by outlet bolts (87), and the two are sealed by an outlet sealing ring (88).

8. The vortex-micropore synergistic high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator based on a Venturi channel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Venturi contraction section channel (26) has a contraction section length of 10 mm and a contraction angle of 12°. The Venturi throat passage (42) has a diameter of 1 mm and a length of 25 mm; The diffusion angle of the Venturi diffusion channel (51) is 10°, and the outlet length of the diffusion section is 5 mm; The contraction angle of the outlet contraction section channel (82) of the dispersion system is 12°; The outlet end (86) is provided with a tail channel at the axial position, and the length of the tail channel is 1mm.

9. A high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator based on a vortex-micropore synergistic structure using a Venturi channel, as described in claim 3, is characterized in that... The lengths of the primary vortex channel housing (602), the secondary vortex channel housing (607), and the tertiary vortex channel housing (612) are 12 mm.

10. A high-pressure micro / nano bubble generator based on a vortex-micropore synergistic structure using a Venturi channel, as described in claim 3, is characterized in that... The thickness of the primary microporous sieve plate (605), the secondary microporous sieve plate (610), and the tertiary microporous sieve plate (615) is 4 mm.

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