A field agricultural mulching film residual soil film soil screening device and a screening method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of field agricultural mulching film residual soil film soil screening device and screening method, including feed crushing mechanism and conveying screening mechanism;Feed crushing mechanism includes crushing roller and drive motor, and the outer ring of crushing roller is provided with the broken tooth in spiral arrangement, for being broken into broken soil and agricultural film mixture with film-containing soil block;Conveying screening mechanism includes driving roller, driven roller, screen track conveyor belt, conveying motor and vibration motor that is attached to the lower end surface of screen track conveyor belt upper layer;Screen track conveyor belt is subjected to the up-and-down vibration applied by vibration motor while circulating operation, so that soil particles pass through screen and fall into the lower soil collecting tray, agricultural film fragments remain on the belt surface and are conveyed to agricultural film outlet to be collected by collection bag;The present application is compact, detachable, equipped with a portable power supply, and can realize on-site crushing and screening integrated operation of film-containing soil block under field no electricity condition, with portability and screening efficiency, especially suitable for scientific research sampling and farmland residual mulching film monitoring field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to a field agricultural film residual soil screening device and screening method. Background Technology

[0002] Agricultural plastic mulch film plays a vital role in increasing crop yields, regulating soil temperature, and retaining soil moisture. However, its widespread use has also led to a serious problem of "white pollution" in farmland. Residual film fragments in farmland soil not only affect soil permeability and crop root growth but may also threaten human health through the food chain. Therefore, scientifically sampling and analyzing the content, distribution, and degradation status of residual agricultural film in farmland soil is a crucial foundation for farmland environmental monitoring and pollution control. Thus, developing an efficient separation device for residual agricultural film in farmland is of great significance.

[0003] Currently, the sampling and separation of residual agricultural film in farmland mainly relies on manual operation: after researchers collect soil samples containing film in the field, they need to bring them back to the laboratory for film-soil separation through multiple processes such as washing, flotation, and sieving. This process is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the samples may be subject to secondary breakage or contamination during transportation. Therefore, it is necessary to design a simple and efficient film-soil separation device for residual agricultural film in farmland to achieve rapid film-soil separation.

[0004] In recent years, although some membrane-soil separation or screening equipment has been developed, most of them have the following shortcomings: (1) A vibrating soil sieve for root medicinal materials (publication number CN222739663U) is disclosed in the prior art. It achieves the vibrating sieving function through a combination of a sieve disc, a guide disc, a rotating platform and elastic components. However, this device is mainly designed for root medicinal materials. Its sieve disc has a circular structure and adopts a rotational vibration method. It is suitable for separating dry and loose medicinal materials from soil, but it cannot effectively handle large clods of compacted soil commonly found in farmland. It also does not have a crushing function. In addition, the equipment is a fixed structure, which is not convenient for field transportation and on-site operation.

[0005] (2) A prior art device for separating agricultural film fragments in soil (publication number CN118663562A) is disclosed, which utilizes the micro-impact force generated by the random movement of air bubbles and agricultural film fragments in the air to accelerate the settling of micro-dust adhering to the agricultural film. Although this method has a good separation effect, it requires a stable air supply mechanism and a bubble generating mechanism, the system is complex, it depends on an external power source, and it is difficult to deploy and use in the field. At the same time, the bubble separation method has poor adaptability to soil samples with high moisture content.

[0006] (3) The prior art discloses a membrane dust separation device for waste agricultural film treatment (publication number CN110142894A), which uses a fan to feed material, upper and lower screens for grading and screening, and a closed cover for dust collection to achieve membrane dust separation. This solution is aimed at the industrial waste agricultural film treatment scenario, and needs to be used in conjunction with a waste agricultural film shredder. The equipment is large in size, the system is complex, and the energy consumption is high, which is not suitable for the needs of portable field operations.

[0007] (4) The prior art also discloses a residual film separation and screening machine for soil remediation (publication number CN115648487A), which includes a moving base, a box, a feed hopper, a conveyor belt, and hooks on the outer wall of the conveyor belt. Although this device realizes the automatic collection of residual film, it is mainly designed for soil remediation scenarios, and the structure is relatively bulky. Moreover, the hook-type conveyor belt is prone to causing secondary breakage of agricultural film fragments during the separation process, which is not conducive to the preservation of the original morphology of agricultural film fragments in scientific research sampling.

[0008] In summary, the existing technology lacks an agricultural film processing device that can adapt to field operations, combine soil crushing and film soil screening functions, and is compact and portable. In particular, for the field of scientific research sampling, designing a device to achieve rapid screening of film soil and on-site immediate sample processing is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a field agricultural film residue soil screening device and method. The device should have the following capabilities: it can operate in the field, completing the crushing of film-containing soil clumps and mechanical screening of agricultural film; it has a compact structure, is easy to disassemble and transport, and is suitable for field operation conditions without external power supply; the screening process can simultaneously realize soil loading and agricultural film unloading and collection, reducing manual intervention and improving efficiency.

[0010] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a field agricultural film residual soil screening device and screening method are provided, including an upper frame and a lower frame arranged vertically, wherein a feeding crushing mechanism and a conveying screening mechanism are respectively installed on the upper frame and the lower frame. The feeding and crushing mechanism includes a crushing drum axially connected to the upper frame along a horizontal axis and a drive motor for driving the crushing drum to rotate. A feeding hopper located above the crushing drum is fixedly connected to the upper frame, and multiple crushing teeth are fixedly connected to the outer ring of the crushing drum. The conveying and screening mechanism includes a drive roller and a driven roller that are both shafted in the lower frame. The screen conveyor belt passes around the drive roller and the driven roller. It also includes a transmission motor that drives the drive roller to rotate and a vibration motor that is attached to the lower end face of the upper layer of the screen conveyor belt.

[0011] In this system, the soil clods containing the membrane are directly fed into the hopper, crushed by the crushing drum, and then fall onto a screen conveyor belt. The combined action of conveying and vibration achieves continuous separation of the membrane and soil. This method integrates crushing, screening, and collection, requiring only two steps: feeding and collecting. No manual screening or pre-crushing is needed; single-person operation is possible, greatly simplifying fieldwork and significantly reducing labor and time costs.

[0012] As an optimization, the feeding and crushing mechanism also includes a guide plate located below the crushing drum, the guide plate being inclined. This design uses an inclined guide plate, which guides the crushed material to be evenly spread across the surface of the screen conveyor belt. This method avoids localized accumulation or concentrated falling of material on the belt surface, ensuring that the entire width of the screen conveyor belt participates in the screening operation, thus significantly improving screening efficiency.

[0013] As an optimization, the feed hopper is equipped with an inclined baffle plate. One end of the baffle plate is hinged to one side of the feed hopper, and the other end is connected to the other side of the feed hopper via an adjusting bolt. This design, by installing an adjustable-angle baffle plate inside the feed hopper, allows the operator to flexibly adjust the opening of the baffle plate by rotating the adjusting bolt according to the moisture content, hardness, and size of the soil blocks containing the membrane, thereby controlling the feeding rate. This method allows the device to adapt to soil block samples in different states: for soil blocks with high moisture and hardness, a smaller opening and slower feeding ensure the crushing effect; for dry and loose soil blocks, a larger opening and faster feeding improve processing efficiency. It is flexible in use and has a wide range of applications.

[0014] As an optimization, multiple crushing teeth are arranged in a multi-spiral pattern on the crushing drum, with the crushing teeth on adjacent spiral rings staggered circumferentially. This design, by arranging the crushing teeth in a multi-spiral pattern on the crushing drum with adjacent spiral rings staggered circumferentially, ensures that during operation, as the crushing drum rotates and crushes the soil, the spirally arranged crushing teeth exert an axial pushing force on the material, causing the crushed soil and agricultural film mixture to fall evenly along the drum's axial direction.

[0015] As an optimization, the conveying and screening mechanism also includes a soil collection tray located below the screen conveyor belt, which is removably installed inside the screening frame. During use, soil particles that penetrate the screen fall directly into the soil collection tray. After screening, the operator only needs to pull out the soil collection tray to recover the undersized soil sample.

[0016] As an optimization, the vibratory motor is connected to the lower frame via an elastic connecting assembly, and the vibration output end of the vibratory motor is attached to the lower end face of the upper layer of the screen conveyor belt. In this design, the vibration energy generated by the vibratory motor is directly transmitted to the upper surface of the screen conveyor belt, causing the material on the belt surface to bounce and tumble at high frequency. At the same time, the elastic connecting assembly reduces the transmission of vibration to the frame.

[0017] As an optimization, the upper and lower frames are detachably connected via quick-release clips or bolts. During use, operators can disassemble the device into two independent modules, transport them separately to the field sampling point, and then quickly assemble them on-site. This method significantly reduces the weight and volume of each transport, allowing the device to easily traverse complex terrain such as fields and ditches. After sampling, it can be quickly disassembled and transferred to the next sampling point, significantly improving the mobility of multi-point field sampling.

[0018] As an optimization, the screen conveyor belt is woven from stainless steel wire with a mesh size of 8 to 60 mesh. This solution uses a stainless steel wire screen conveyor belt with a mesh size of 8 to 60 mesh, allowing operators to select different mesh sizes of screens based on the target agricultural film fragment size, thus achieving selective screening of agricultural film fragments of different particle sizes.

[0019] As an optimization, the mesh size of the screen conveyor belt is 20 to 40 mesh, and the wire diameter is 0.15 mm to 0.5 mm. This solution, by preferably using a mesh size of 20 to 40 mesh and a wire diameter of 0.15 mm to 0.5 mm for the screen conveyor belt, ensures that soil particles can pass smoothly through the screen while agricultural film fragments are effectively trapped on the belt surface. Practical application has verified that this optimized parameter combination achieves the best screening throughput while ensuring screening accuracy. A single processing of 10 kg of film-containing soil sample takes only 5 to 8 minutes, balancing screening efficiency and separation purity.

[0020] A method for screening residual soil from agricultural mulch film in the field includes the following steps: S1. Assemble the feeding crushing mechanism and the conveying screening mechanism into one unit, and connect the mobile power supply; S2. Start the drive motor, vibrating motor and conveyor motor to make the crushing drum rotate and the screen conveyor belt circulate and vibrate. S3. The soil blocks containing film collected in the field are fed into the feed hopper. After being crushed by the crushing drum, the soil blocks containing film are formed into a mixture of crushed soil and agricultural film fragments. S4. The crushed mixture falls onto the operating and vibrating screen conveyor belt. Under the combined action of vibration and conveying, soil particles with a diameter smaller than the screen mesh size pass through the screen and fall below, while agricultural film fragments with a diameter larger than the screen mesh size remain on the belt surface and are transported by the conveyor belt to the agricultural film outlet, where they fall into the discharge collection bag.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) Good portability in the field. The device adopts a design in which the feeding crushing mechanism and the conveying screening mechanism are detachably connected. The whole machine can be disassembled into two modules for separate transport, which greatly reduces the weight and volume of a single transport. It is equipped with a detachable mobile power supply (lithium battery pack), which eliminates the dependence on mains power and truly realizes on-site operation under the condition of no power supply in the field. It overcomes the defects of existing membrane dust separation devices (which require external power supply and shredder) and bubble separation devices (which require stable air supply system) that cannot be operated in the field.

[0022] (2) Integrated crushing and screening. By setting a crushing drum with spirally arranged crushing teeth in the feeding crushing mechanism, the material can be uniformly conveyed downward to the screen conveyor belt while crushing soil blocks, realizing the continuous operation mode of "crushing and feeding at the same time". This eliminates the need for manual pre-crushing or separate feeding in the existing technology, and significantly improves the efficiency of field operations.

[0023] (3) The combination of vibration and conveying results in good screening effect. In the conveying and screening mechanism, the screen conveyor belt is driven by the conveyor motor to rotate in a cycle, while being subjected to up and down vibration by the vibration motor. This causes the material on the belt surface to continuously roll and jump during the conveying process, promoting the separation of soil particles and agricultural film fragments, effectively avoiding screen blockage and improving screening efficiency. Compared with the existing circular rotation vibration mode of the root and medicinal material vibrating soil screening machine, the linear conveying + vibration mode of the present invention is more suitable for continuous screening of large-volume soil blocks containing film.

[0024] (4) Highly adjustable. The adjustable baffle in the feed hopper allows operators to flexibly adjust the feed rate according to the moisture, hardness and size of the soil clods, avoiding impact damage to the crushing drum caused by hard large soil clods; the frequency of the vibration motor is adjustable, and the vibration parameters can be adjusted according to the soil type (sand, loam, clay) and the size of agricultural film fragments to obtain the best screening effect.

[0025] (5) Sample integrity and convenient collection. The soil under the sieve is collected by the soil collection tray, and the agricultural film fragments on the sieve are collected by the discharge collection bag. The samples at both ends can be completely preserved, which meets the strict requirements of scientific research sampling for sample representativeness. Compared with the existing bubble separation scheme in which dust and film fragments are dispersed in the air, the present invention is a mechanical separation, with high sample recovery rate and low risk of cross-contamination. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the feeding and crushing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the conveying and screening mechanism of the present invention; As shown in the figure: 1. Frame; 11. Upper frame; 12. Lower frame; 13. Quick-release buckle; 2. Feeding and crushing mechanism; 21. Feed hopper; 211. Feed inlet; 212. Discharge outlet; 22. Crushing drum; 221. Crushing teeth; 222. Rotating shaft; 223. Bearing seat; 23. Drive motor; 24. Baffle plate; 25. Guide plate; 3. Conveying and screening mechanism; 31. Vibrating motor; 32. Conveying motor; 33. Screen conveyor belt; 331. Drive roller; 332. Driven roller; 34. Screening frame; 35. Agricultural film outlet; 36. Discharge collection bag; 37. Soil collection tray; 4. Mobile power supply. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the following detailed implementation method will be used to explain the solution.

[0028] Example 1: like Figures 1-3 As shown, the present invention provides a field agricultural film residual soil screening device, which includes a frame 1. The frame includes an upper frame 11 and a lower frame 12 arranged vertically. The upper frame 11 and the lower frame 12 are respectively equipped with a feeding crushing mechanism 2 and a conveying screening mechanism 3.

[0029] The upper frame 11 and lower frame 12 are detachably connected by four quick-release clips 13 or bolts, facilitating rapid disassembly and assembly between different sampling points in the field. The upper frame 11 supports the feeding and crushing mechanism 2, while the lower frame 12 supports the conveying and screening mechanism 3. The frame 1 is constructed entirely of aluminum alloy profiles with an anodized surface, providing excellent corrosion resistance and a lightweight design. The total weight of the machine is kept below 25 kg, making it easy for a single person to handle.

[0030] The feeding and crushing mechanism 2 includes a feeding hopper 21, a crushing drum 22, a drive motor 23, a baffle plate 24, and a guide plate 25. The feeding hopper 21 is welded from stainless steel plates and has a conical structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The upper feed inlet 211 of the feeding hopper 21 has a size of approximately 400mm × 300mm, which facilitates the direct dumping of the film-containing soil clods from the sampling shovel. The lower discharge outlet 212 of the feeding hopper 21 has a width of approximately 250mm. The feeding hopper 21 is fixed to the upper frame 11 by bolts.

[0031] The feed hopper 21 is equipped with an inclined baffle plate 24. One end of the baffle plate 24 is hinged to one side of the feed hopper 21, and the other end of the baffle plate 24 is connected to the other side of the feed hopper 21 via an adjusting bolt. Specifically, the adjusting bolt passes through the side wall of the feed hopper 21 and is threadedly connected to the other end of the baffle plate 24. By rotating the adjusting bolt, the inclination angle of the baffle plate 24 can be changed (the adjustment range is 0° to 45°), thereby changing the gap between the lower end of the baffle plate 24 and the crushing drum 22, and thus controlling the rate at which soil clods enter the crushing zone. When processing harder, larger soil clods, the opening can be reduced to decrease the feeding rate and ensure the crushing effect; when processing looser, smaller soil clods, the baffle plate can be increased or fully opened to improve processing efficiency.

[0032] The crushing drum 22 is axially connected to the upper frame 11 along the horizontal axis. The crushing drum 22 is rotatably connected to the upper frame 11 through a rotating shaft 222 with a diameter of 60mm. Both ends of the rotating shaft 222 are mounted on the upper frame 11 through bearing seats 223.

[0033] Multiple rows of crushing teeth 221 are welded to the outer circumference of the crushing drum 22. The crushing teeth 221 are made of wear-resistant alloy steel (such as 42CrMo), with a tooth height of 25mm, a tooth spacing of approximately 50mm along the axial direction and approximately 40mm along the circumference, and the crushing teeth 221 are arranged in a three-headed helix along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 222 with a helix angle of approximately 15°. The crushing teeth 221 between adjacent helical rings are staggered in the circumferential direction, so that while the crushing drum 22 is rotating and crushing soil clods, it also exerts an axial pushing effect on the material, promoting the uniform forward spread of the material.

[0034] The drive motor 23 is a 24V DC geared motor with a power of 350W and a rated speed of 60rpm. It is fixed to the side plate of the upper frame 11 by bolts. The output shaft of the drive motor 23 is connected to the rotating shaft 222 of the crushing drum 22 through a chain transmission mechanism. The actual working speed of the crushing drum is about 30rpm, which takes into account both crushing torque and crushing efficiency.

[0035] The guide plate 25 is located below the crushing drum 22. It is made of stainless steel plate and is inclined at an angle of about 30°. The upper end of the guide plate 25 is fixed to the upper frame 11 by bolts, and the lower end extends to about 50mm above the screen conveyor belt 33 of the conveying and screening mechanism 3. It guides and spreads the crushed soil and agricultural film mixture evenly onto the surface of the screen conveyor belt 33.

[0036] The conveying and screening mechanism 3 includes a vibrating motor 31, a conveyor motor 32, a screen conveyor belt 33, a screening frame 34, an agricultural film outlet 35, a discharge collection bag 36, and a soil collection tray 37. The screening frame 34 and the lower frame 12 can be two parts fixed together or the same part. The screening frame 34 is constructed of aluminum alloy profiles, and a drive roller 331 and a driven roller 332 are respectively installed at both ends inside, with a center distance of approximately 800mm between the two rollers. Both the drive roller 331 and the driven roller 332 are rubber-coated rollers with a diameter of 60mm and an anti-slip texture on the surface.

[0037] The screen conveyor belt 33 is woven from 304 stainless steel wire. In this embodiment, the mesh size is 30 mesh (approximately 0.6 mm in diameter).

[0038] As for the mesh size selection of the screen conveyor belt 33 of the present invention, it can be selected from 8 to 60 mesh, preferably from 20 to 40 mesh, according to the size requirements of the agricultural film fragments to be screened, and the screen wire diameter is 0.15 mm to 0.5 mm.

[0039] In this embodiment, the screen conveyor belt 33 has a wire diameter of 0.25mm and a belt width of 300mm, and is tensioned between the drive roller 331 and the driven roller 332. Made of stainless steel, it is corrosion-resistant, easy to clean, and has high strength, making it suitable for dusty and humid outdoor working environments. The transmission motor 32 is a 24V DC geared motor with a power of 100W, connected to the drive roller 331 via a chain drive mechanism, driving the screen conveyor belt 33 to circulate at a linear speed of approximately 0.05m / s to 0.15m / s.

[0040] The vibratory motor 31 is a double-eccentric block DC vibratory motor, connected to the lower frame 12 via an elastic connecting assembly. Its vibration output end is attached to the underside of the upper layer of the screen conveyor belt 33, causing the upper layer of the belt to vibrate up and down simultaneously during conveying. The vibratory motor 31 is powered by 24V, has a power of 80W, and its vibration frequency can be adjusted from 10Hz to 60Hz, with a maximum excitation force of approximately 500N. In practical use, a lower vibration frequency (15Hz to 25Hz) can be selected for sandy soils, while a higher vibration frequency (35Hz to 50Hz) can be selected for clay soils to ensure that soil particles are fully separated from the agricultural film fragments and pass through the screen.

[0041] The soil collection tray 37 is made of bent stainless steel sheet and has a drawer-type structure. It can be pulled out and installed inside the screening frame 34, below the screen conveyor belt 33. The front end of the soil collection tray 37 is equipped with a handle, which makes it easy to pull out and empty the screened soil sample after screening.

[0042] The agricultural film outlet 35 is located below the end of the screening frame 34 (near the end of the drive roller 331), and is funnel-shaped with an outlet size of approximately 250mm × 100mm. The discharge collection bag 36 is a detachable tie-lock nylon cloth bag or PE plastic bag, and the bag opening is fixed to the agricultural film outlet 35 by elastic rope or Velcro, used to collect agricultural film fragments on the screen.

[0043] The system also includes a portable power supply 4, which is a detachable lithium battery pack with a rated voltage of 24V and a capacity of 40Ah, mounted on the side bracket of the screening frame 34. The portable power supply 4 has three DC output interfaces, which provide power to the drive motor 23 (350W), the vibration motor 31 (80W), and the conveyor motor 32 (100W) via waterproof quick-connect connectors. When fully charged, the device can operate continuously for approximately 2 to 3 hours, meeting the operational needs of a single field sampling day. The portable power supply 4 itself is detachable, facilitating individual charging and replacement of spare batteries.

[0044] Example 2: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the mesh size of the screen conveyor belt 33 is 20 mesh (approximately 0.9 mm in diameter) and the wire diameter is 0.3 mm. This is suitable for scenarios where the target agricultural film fragments are relatively large (>1 mm), such as farmland with a short service life and low fragmentation. Furthermore, the mobile power supply 4 can be replaced with an external portable small gasoline generator (1 kW) for long-term continuous operation scenarios.

[0045] Example 3: The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the feeding and crushing mechanism 2 is provided with two parallel crushing rollers 22 (double roller type). The crushing teeth 221 of the two crushing rollers 22 are interlaced and driven to rotate in opposite directions by the same drive motor 23 through a gear transmission mechanism, which further improves the crushing ability of large compacted soil clods. It is suitable for sampling scenarios with severe soil compaction and high soil hardness in arid areas of Northwest China.

[0046] Method of using this invention: S1. Assemble the feeding crushing mechanism 2 and the conveying screening mechanism 3 into one unit, and connect the mobile power supply 4. Specifically, the operator moves the upper frame 11 (including the feeding crushing mechanism 2) and the lower frame 12 (including the conveying screening mechanism 3) to the sampling point respectively, and quickly assembles the two into one unit using the quick-release buckle 13, and plugs in the power supply cable of the mobile power supply 4.

[0047] S2. Start the drive motor 23, vibrating motor 31, and conveyor motor 32 to make the crushing drum 22 rotate and the screen conveyor belt 33 circulate and vibrate. After the equipment is running normally under no-load, proceed to the next step.

[0048] S3. The soil blocks containing the film collected in the field are fed into the feed hopper 21. Specifically, the surface soil containing the film (0 to 30 cm depth) collected from the field sampling point is fed into the feed inlet 211 using a shovel. After the flow rate is controlled by the baffle plate 24, the soil blocks containing the film enter the crushing drum 22 area and are crushed by the crushing teeth 221 on the crushing drum 22 to form a mixture of broken soil and agricultural film fragments.

[0049] S4. The crushed mixture is guided by the guide plate 25 and evenly spread onto the operating and vibrating screen conveyor belt 33. Under the combined action of vibration and conveying, soil particles smaller than the screen mesh size pass through the screen and fall into the soil collection tray 37 below, while agricultural film fragments larger than the screen mesh size remain on the belt surface and are conveyed by the conveyor belt to the agricultural film outlet 35, falling into the discharge collection bag 36. The processing time for approximately 10 kg of film-containing soil sample is approximately 5 to 8 minutes.

[0050] S5. After sieving, pull out the soil collection tray 37 to collect the sieved soil sample, and remove the discharge collection bag 36 to obtain the separated agricultural film fragment sample. Both can be numbered and packaged and brought back to the laboratory for further analysis.

[0051] Of course, the above description is not limited to the examples above. Technical features not described in this invention can be implemented by or using existing technology, and will not be repeated here. The above embodiments and drawings are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this invention and are not intended to limit this invention. This invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of this invention do not depart from the spirit of this invention and should also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A field agricultural film residual soil screening device, characterized in that: It includes an upper frame (11) and a lower frame (12) arranged vertically, and the upper frame (11) and the lower frame (12) are respectively equipped with a feeding crushing mechanism (2) and a conveying and screening mechanism (3). The feeding and crushing mechanism (2) includes a crushing drum (22) axially connected to the upper frame (11) along the horizontal axis and a drive motor (23) for driving the crushing drum (22) to rotate. A feeding hopper (21) located above the crushing drum (22) is fixedly connected to the upper frame (11), and a plurality of crushing teeth (221) are fixedly connected to the outer ring of the crushing drum (22). The conveying and screening mechanism (3) includes a drive roller (331) and a driven roller (332) that are both shafted in the lower frame (12). The screen conveyor belt (33) passes around the drive roller (331) and the driven roller (332). It also includes a transmission motor (32) that drives the drive roller (331) to rotate and a vibration motor (31) that is attached to the lower end face of the upper layer of the screen conveyor belt (33).

2. The field agricultural film residual soil screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding and crushing mechanism (2) also includes a guide plate (25) located below the crushing drum (22), and the guide plate (25) is inclined.

3. The field agricultural film residual soil screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed hopper (21) is equipped with an inclined baffle plate (24). One end of the baffle plate (24) is hinged to one side of the feed hopper (21), and the other end of the baffle plate (24) is connected to the other side of the feed hopper (21) by adjusting bolts.

4. The field agricultural film residual soil screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple crushing teeth (221) are arranged in a spiral pattern on the crushing drum (22), and the crushing teeth (221) between adjacent spiral rings are staggered in the circumferential direction.

5. The field agricultural film residual soil screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying and screening mechanism (3) also includes a soil collection plate (37) located below the screen conveyor belt (33), which is removably installed inside the screening frame (34).

6. The field agricultural film residual soil screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration motor (31) is connected to the lower frame (12) through an elastic connection assembly, and the vibration output end of the vibration motor is attached to the lower end face of the upper layer of the screen conveyor belt (33).

7. The field agricultural film residual soil screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper frame (11) and the lower frame (12) are detachably connected by quick-release buckles (13) or bolts.

8. The field agricultural film residual soil screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screen conveyor belt (33) is made of stainless steel wire with a mesh size of 8 to 60 mesh.

9. A field agricultural film residual soil screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mesh size of the screen conveyor belt (33) is 20 to 40 mesh, and the wire diameter is 0.15 mm to 0.5 mm.

10. A method for screening residual soil from agricultural mulch film in the field, using the screening device described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Assemble the feeding crushing mechanism (2) and the conveying screening mechanism (3) into one unit and connect the mobile power supply (4). S2. Start the drive motor (23), vibration motor (31) and conveyor motor (32) to make the crushing drum (22) rotate and the screen conveyor belt (33) circulate and vibrate; S3. The soil blocks containing film collected in the field are fed into the feed hopper (21). The soil blocks containing film are crushed by the crushing drum (22) to form a mixture of crushed soil and agricultural film fragments. S4. The crushed mixture falls onto the operating and vibrating screen conveyor belt (33). Under the combined action of vibration and conveying, soil particles with a diameter smaller than the screen aperture pass through the screen and fall below, while agricultural film fragments with a diameter larger than the screen aperture remain on the belt surface and are conveyed to the agricultural film outlet (35) by the conveyor belt and fall into the discharge collection bag (36).

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