A dry air separation system for fine raw coal

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of fine particle raw coal dry air separation system, including air separation device, air separation device includes outer frame, suspension adjusting mechanism and sorting mechanism;Sorting mechanism includes sorting channel, first guide plate, first sorting bed, second sorting bed, third sorting bed, electrode group, vibrating mechanism and air supply device, suspension adjusting mechanism includes first support, front winding motor and rear winding motor.The air separation system of the application, through the joint action of electric field force, airflow force and vibration force, can improve the coal gangue sorting precision, expand the raw material feeding particle size range, optimize the fine coal sorting effect, meet the actual production needs of efficient, stable dry separation of fine coal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal preparation technology, specifically to a dry air separation system for fine-grained raw coal. Background Technology

[0002] Existing dry air separation equipment for fine-particle coal mostly adopts a structure of stepped separation bed combined with a combined force field of vibration and airflow. For example, a composite dry coal preparation system suitable for fine-particle coal disclosed in Chinese invention patent (authorization announcement number CN118060053B) uses a separation structure of inclined separation bed and vibration coupled airflow, and realizes online monitoring of coal through material level detection. However, this solution still has the following shortcomings:

[0003] Relying solely on the combined force field of vibration and airflow for separation results in a low gradient ratio between clean coal and gangue, making it difficult to construct a stable and dense separation bed. In addition, the strong entrainment and carrying effect of air on fine coal particles leads to poor separation efficiency and low overall separation accuracy. Furthermore, existing equipment generally suffers from uneven airflow distribution, poor synchronization of gangue baffle adjustment, insufficient flexibility in separation bed tilt angle control, and limited intelligent control capabilities. It cannot achieve adaptive adjustment based on fluctuations in raw coal characteristics, making it difficult to meet the actual production requirements for efficient and high-precision dry separation of fine coal particles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a dry air separation system for fine-grained raw coal to improve the separation accuracy of coal gangue, expand the range of raw material feed particle size, optimize the separation effect of fine-grained coal, and meet the actual production needs of efficient and stable dry separation of fine-grained coal.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A dry air separation system for fine-grained raw coal includes an air separation device, which includes an outer frame, a suspension adjustment mechanism, and a separation mechanism.

[0007] The sorting mechanism includes a sorting channel, a first sorting bed, a second sorting bed, a third sorting bed, an electrode assembly, a vibration mechanism, and an air supply device. The sorting channel is located inside the outer frame. A raw coal inlet is opened on the rear side of the top surface of the sorting channel, and a clean coal outlet is opened at the bottom of the front side of the sorting channel. The first, second, and third sorting beds are fixed in the sorting channel in a downward stepped manner along the coal conveying direction. A gangue baffle is provided on the rear side of each of the first, second, and third sorting beds in the sorting channel. A first guide plate is fixed in the sorting channel between the raw coal inlet and the gangue baffle of the first sorting bed. The front end of the first sorting bed is connected to a second guide plate located above the rear section of the second sorting bed, and the front end of the second sorting bed is connected to a third guide plate located above the rear section of the third sorting bed.

[0008] The electrode group includes a first electrode group and a second electrode group. The first electrode group includes a first negative electrode mesh fixed above the front section of the second sorting bed and a first positive electrode mesh fixed below the front section of the second sorting bed. The second electrode group includes a second negative electrode mesh fixed above the front section of the third sorting bed and a second positive electrode mesh fixed below the front section of the third sorting bed. The first negative electrode mesh, the first positive electrode mesh, the second negative electrode mesh, and the second positive electrode mesh are respectively electrically connected to the electrode generator.

[0009] The top surface of the sorting channel is provided with an air separation outlet corresponding to the third sorting bed, and the bottom surface of the sorting channel is provided with air separation inlets corresponding to the first, second, and third sorting beds respectively. The air outlet of the air supply device is connected to the air separation inlet, and the air inlet of the air supply device is connected to the air separation outlet. The vibration mechanism is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sorting channel.

[0010] The suspension adjustment mechanism includes a first bracket fixed to the top of the outer frame, and a front winding motor and a rear winding motor installed at a distance from each other on the first bracket. The power shaft of the front winding motor is wound with at least one first connecting rope, the bottom end of which is fixedly connected to the front end of the sorting channel. The power shaft of the rear winding motor is wound with at least one second connecting rope, the bottom end of which is fixedly connected to the rear end of the sorting channel.

[0011] To better implement the above technical solution, optionally, the sorting mechanism further includes a height adjustment mechanism corresponding to each gangue baffle. Each height adjustment mechanism includes two electric push rods fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sorting channel. The driving ends of the electric push rods are fixedly connected to the two ends of the corresponding gangue baffle. The sorting channel is provided with guide holes for the gangue baffle to move up and down. The first sorting bed, the second sorting bed, and the third sorting bed are slidably engaged with the corresponding gangue baffle.

[0012] Optionally, the vertical spacing between the first negative electrode mesh and the first positive electrode mesh, and between the second negative electrode mesh and the second positive electrode mesh, is between 0.3m and 0.6m.

[0013] Optionally, the two ends of the first negative electrode mesh, the first positive electrode mesh, the second negative electrode mesh, and the second positive electrode mesh are respectively fixed to the inner sidewall of the sorting channel through insulating connection parts.

[0014] Optionally, the vibration mechanism includes a motor frame and two vibration motors. The motor frame is fixedly installed in the rear section of the top surface of the sorting channel 102 and located in front of the raw coal inlet. The motor frame has a rearwardly inclined motor mounting surface, and the two vibration motors are symmetrically fixedly installed on the motor mounting surface of the motor frame.

[0015] Optionally, waste rock discharge channels are provided between the rear end of the first sorting bed and the rear side wall of the sorting channel, between the front end of the first sorting bed and the rear end of the second sorting bed, and between the front end of the second sorting bed and the rear end of the third sorting bed, and waste rock discharge holes are provided on the bottom surface of each waste rock discharge channel.

[0016] Optionally, the first sorting bed, the second sorting bed, and the third sorting bed have the same inclination angle and are inclined downward along the coal conveying direction, with an inclination angle of 8° to 12°.

[0017] Optionally, the bottom surface of the sorting channel is fixedly provided with conical air guide hoods corresponding to the first sorting bed, the second sorting bed, and the third sorting bed. The large diameter end of each conical air guide hood faces and connects to the lower area of ​​the corresponding sorting bed, and the small diameter end of each conical air guide hood is vertically aligned with the air outlet of the air supply device.

[0018] Optionally, each of the conical air guide hoods is equipped with a filter screen.

[0019] Optionally, it also includes a control cabinet and gangue conveyors corresponding to the gangue discharge holes one by one; the receiving end of the gangue conveyor is located directly below the gangue discharge hole, and each gangue conveyor is equipped with an ash content detection device and a weighing device; the ash content detection device and the weighing device are electrically connected to the control cabinet.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0021] This invention discloses a dry air separation system for fine-grained raw coal. After the raw coal enters the first separation bed, it undergoes initial separation under the combined action of vibration and airflow. During the separation process, clean coal particles and coal gangue particles generate opposite static charges through mutual friction. After the charged coal enters the separation space containing the second and third separation beds, the clean coal is conveyed forward under the combined action of electric field force, airflow force, and vibration force, while the coal gangue settles backward under the action of its own gravity, electric field force, and inertial force, and is discharged through the gangue baffle. The components of the coal are clearly stratified and do not interfere with each other, thereby effectively improving the separation accuracy and efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a dry air separation system for fine-grained raw coal according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the central air selection device and the air supply device;

[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a stroke selection device;

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a stroke selection mechanism;

[0026] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A sectional view;

[0027] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the middle section structure;

[0028] Figure label:

[0029] Air separation device 100, outer frame 101, separation channel 102, raw coal inlet 1021, clean coal outlet 1022, air separation air inlet 1023, air separation air outlet 1024, guide hole 1025, gangue discharge hole 1026, first separation bed 103, second separation bed 104, third separation bed 105, first negative electrode mesh 1061, first positive electrode mesh 1062, second negative electrode mesh 1071, second positive electrode mesh 1072, first guide plate 108, second guide plate 109, third guide plate 110, guide groove 111, gangue baffle 112, first support 113, front winding motor 114, rear winding motor 115, motor frame 116, vibrating motor 117, electric push rod 118, insulating connection part 119, conical air guide cover 120, filter screen 121.

[0030] Second support 201, feeding platform 202, feeding port 2021, feeding conveyor 203;

[0031] The third support 301, the cyclone dust collector 302, the induced draft fan 303, and the blower 304;

[0032] Gangue conveyor 400, ash content detection device 500, weighing device 600. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Identical components are indicated by the same reference numerals.

[0034] Please see Figures 1 to 6 This invention discloses a dry air separation system for fine-grained raw coal, including an air separation device 100, which includes an outer frame 101, a suspension adjustment mechanism, and a separation mechanism.

[0035] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the sorting mechanism includes a sorting channel 102, a first sorting bed 103, a second sorting bed 104, a third sorting bed 105, an electrode group, a vibration mechanism, and an air supply device. The sorting channel 102 is located inside the outer frame 101. The sorting channel 102 adopts a long trough structure with a rectangular cross-section. A raw coal inlet 1021 is opened on the rear side of the top surface of the sorting channel 102, and a clean coal outlet 1022 is opened on the bottom front side of the sorting channel 102.

[0036] The first sorting bed 103, the second sorting bed 104, and the third sorting bed 105 are arranged in a downward stepped staggered manner along the coal conveying direction and are fixedly installed inside the sorting channel 102 to form a multi-stage continuous sorting structure. Inside the sorting channel 102, and on the rear side of the first sorting bed 103, the second sorting bed 104, and the third sorting bed 105, a gangue baffle 112 is provided. The gangue baffle 112 can limit the thickness of the coal in the first sorting bed 103, the second sorting bed 104, and the third sorting bed 105.

[0037] like Figure 5 As shown, a first guide plate 108 is fixedly installed in the sorting channel 102 between the raw coal inlet 1021 and the gangue baffle 112 of the first sorting bed 103. The first guide plate 108 is tilted forward so that the raw coal falls into the sorting area of ​​the first sorting bed 103. A second guide plate 109 is connected to the front end of the first sorting bed 103. The second guide plate 109 extends above the rear section of the second sorting bed 104 so that the coal after the first stage of sorting falls into the sorting area of ​​the second sorting bed 104. A third guide plate 110 is connected to the front end of the second sorting bed 104. The third guide plate 110 extends above the rear section of the third sorting bed 105 so that the coal after the second stage of sorting falls into the sorting area of ​​the third sorting bed 105.

[0038] like Figure 5 As shown, the electrode group includes a first electrode group and a second electrode group. The first electrode group includes a first negative electrode mesh 1061 fixed above the front section of the second sorting bed 104 and a first positive electrode mesh 1062 fixed below the front section of the second sorting bed 104. The second electrode group includes a second negative electrode mesh 1071 fixed above the front section of the third sorting bed 105 and a second positive electrode mesh 1072 fixed below the front section of the third sorting bed 105. The first negative electrode mesh 1061, the first positive electrode mesh 1062, the second negative electrode mesh 1071, and the second positive electrode mesh 1072 are electrically connected to the electrode generator.

[0039] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 As shown, the top surface of the sorting channel 102, corresponding to the third sorting bed 105, has an air separation outlet 1024. The bottom surface of the sorting channel 102, corresponding to the first sorting bed 103, the second sorting bed 104, and the third sorting bed 105, respectively, has air separation inlets 1023. The outlet end of the air supply device is connected to the air separation inlet 1023, and the inlet end of the air supply device is connected to the air separation outlet 1024, forming a closed-loop circulating air field. This allows for airflow recycling, reduces energy consumption, and prevents dust overflow. The vibration mechanism is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sorting channel 102 and is used to provide excitation force for coal conveying, loosening, static electricity generation, and stratification.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, the suspension adjustment mechanism includes a first bracket 113, a front winding motor 114, and a rear winding motor 115. The first bracket 113 is fixedly installed on the top of the outer frame 101. The front winding motor 114 and the rear winding motor 115 are installed on the first bracket 113 at intervals in the front-to-back direction. At least one first connecting rope (not shown in the figure) is wound on the power shaft of the front winding motor 114, and the bottom end of the first connecting rope is fixedly connected to the front end of the sorting channel 102. At least one second connecting rope (not shown in the figure) is wound on the power shaft of the rear winding motor 115, and the bottom end of the second connecting rope is fixedly connected to the rear end of the sorting channel 102.

[0041] Specifically, there are two first connecting ropes and two second connecting ropes. The bottom ends of the two first connecting ropes are connected to the two sides of the front end of the sorting channel 102, and the bottom ends of the two second connecting ropes are connected to the two sides of the rear end of the sorting channel 102. During operation, by controlling the front winding motor 114 and the rear winding motor 115 to rotate in the forward or reverse direction, the two first connecting ropes or the two second connecting ropes can be wound and unwound simultaneously, thereby adjusting the tilt angle of the sorting channel 102. The change in the tilt angle of the sorting channel 102 can synchronously drive the tilt angles of the first sorting bed 103, the second sorting bed 104, and the third sorting bed 105 to be adjusted synchronously, so that the tilt angle of each sorting bed is matched with the sorting conditions of fine raw coal with different particle sizes, moisture content, and densities.

[0042] The working principle of the fine-particle raw coal dry air separation system of the present invention is as follows:

[0043] Raw coal falls from the raw coal inlet 1021 onto the surface of the first guide plate 108 and is guided along the inclined surface of the first guide plate 108 into the first sorting bed 103. Under the dual action of the airflow dynamic field and mechanical excitation force, the clean coal particles and gangue particles vibrate at high speed and become charged through friction. Based on the triboelectric characteristics of coal and gangue, the surface of clean coal carries a positive charge and the surface of gangue carries a negative charge.

[0044] Under the dominant influence of the vertical airflow dynamic field, the less dense clean coal particles float to the upper layer of the first sorting bed 103, while the denser gangue particles sink backward under the combined action of their own gravity and vibration inertia. The first sorting bed 103 is set at a downward inclination. The clean coal particles in the upper layer of the bed are conveyed forward under the action of airflow thrust and mechanical excitation force, and enter the second sorting bed 104 through the second guide plate 109. The gangue particles in the lower layer of the bed move towards the rear end of the bed under the action of vibration inertia force, pass over the gangue baffle 112 and are discharged, completing the initial sorting.

[0045] As the coal enters the second sorting bed 104, the positively charged clean coal particles are shifted towards the first negative electrode mesh 1061 under the action of the electric field force, and are simultaneously conveyed forward by the superimposed airflow thrust. The coal after secondary sorting is guided into the third sorting bed 105 by the third guide plate 110. At the same time, the negatively charged gangue particles are shifted towards the first positive electrode mesh 1062 under the action of the electric field force, and move towards the rear end of the bed under the action of vibration inertial force. The gangue generated by this secondary sorting passes over the gangue baffle 112 at the corresponding position and is discharged.

[0046] The coal entering the third sorting bed 105 continues to use the coupling sorting mechanism of the high-voltage electrostatic field, airflow field and mechanical vibration to complete three sorting processes. Finally, the clean coal product in the upper layer of the bed flows forward and is discharged along the inclined bed surface, while the gangue product in the lower layer of the bed passes over the gangue baffle 112 at the corresponding position and is discharged, realizing continuous, efficient and dry sorting of fine raw coal.

[0047] In this embodiment, the first guide plate 108 guides the raw coal to prevent it from falling into the rear area of ​​the first sorting bed 103. The second guide plate 109 guides the coal after the initial sorting to prevent it from falling into the rear area of ​​the second sorting bed 104, thus preventing the accumulation of upper coal from interfering with the sorting and discharge of lower gangue. The third guide plate 110 guides and limits the flow of coal after the secondary sorting to prevent the sorted coal from falling into the rear area of ​​the third sorting bed 105, preventing the coal from covering the sorting interface and ensuring clear stratification and smooth sorting in the third sorting bed 105.

[0048] In the fine-particle raw coal dry air separation system of the present invention, the raw coal undergoes initial separation in the first separation bed 103 under the combined action of mechanical vibration and airflow. At the same time, the clean coal particles and gangue particles become charged through friction. Subsequently, in the separation space where the second separation bed 104 and the third separation bed 105 are located, the positively charged clean coal particles are conveyed forward under the synergistic action of electric field force, airflow force and mechanical excitation force, while the negatively charged gangue particles settle under their own gravity and inertial force and are discharged through the gangue baffle 112 at the corresponding position. During the entire separation process, the components of the coal are clearly stratified and do not interfere with each other, effectively improving the separation accuracy and efficiency of fine-particle raw coal.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the fine-grained raw coal dry air separation system also includes a second support 201, a feeding platform 202, and a feeding conveyor 203. The feeding platform 202 and the feeding conveyor 203 are both installed and fixed inside the second support 201. The feeding platform 202 has an inlet 2021. The raw coal falls through the inlet 2021 onto the bearing surface of the feeding conveyor 203. The rear end of the feeding conveyor 203 is arranged directly below the inlet 2021, and the front end of the feeding conveyor 203 extends to the rear and upper part of the raw coal inlet 1021, forming a high-level feeding posture.

[0050] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the vibration mechanism includes a motor frame 116 and two vibration motors 117. The motor frame 116 adopts a hollow triangular prism frame structure and is horizontally fixedly installed in the rear section of the top surface of the sorting channel 102, located in front of the raw coal inlet 1021. The two vibration motors 117 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the rear inclined surface of the motor frame 116, and their installation angle is obliquely arranged with respect to the bed surface of the first sorting bed 103, so that the direction of the excitation force generated by the vibration motors 117 forms an acute angle with the coal conveying direction. Under the synchronous excitation of motor 117, the sorting channel 102 and the sorting beds at each level inside it undergo composite vibration, so that the first sorting bed 103, the second sorting bed 104, and the third sorting bed 105 simultaneously have a bidirectional driving effect of conveying coal forward and guiding gangue backward. This ensures that the raw coal is evenly loose and orderly layered on the bed surface, and also promotes the bottom gangue to move towards the gangue baffle 112 under the action of inertia, thereby achieving efficient stratification and precise sorting of coal, and effectively avoiding coal agglomeration, accumulation, and deviation.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, the sorting mechanism also includes a height adjustment mechanism corresponding to the gangue baffle 112. The height adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the height of the gangue baffle 112 according to the raw coal particle size and gangue content, so as to ensure the gangue is discharged, prevent the coal from being lost with the gangue, and improve the sorting flexibility and adaptability. Each height adjustment mechanism includes two symmetrically fixed electric push rods 118 fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the sorting channel 102. The electric push rods 118 adopt a stepless adjustment structure. Their drive ends are fixedly connected to the two ends of the corresponding gangue baffles 112 by bolts. The sorting channel 102 is provided with guide holes 1025 at the positions corresponding to the gangue baffles 112. The guide holes 1025 extend in the vertical direction to provide guide limit for the lifting and lowering of the gangue baffles 112. The rear ends of the first sorting bed 103, the second sorting bed 104, and the third sorting bed 105 are all slidably engaged with the corresponding gangue baffles 112, which does not affect the lifting and lowering adjustment of the gangue baffles 112, and can also provide lateral support for the gangue baffles 112.

[0052] like Figure 5 and 6As shown, the first guide plate 108, the second guide plate 109, and the third guide plate 110 all adopt an L-shaped plate structure. The top plates of the first guide plate 108, the second guide plate 109, and the third guide plate 110 are all guide sections used to guide the coal flow. The side plates of all three are connecting sections, which are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sorting channel 102. Each connecting section has a guide groove 111 adapted to the gangue baffle 112. During operation, the guide hole 1025 and the guide groove 111 work together to provide bidirectional guidance for the lifting and lowering of the gangue baffle 112, and to provide multi-point support for the gangue baffle 112. This effectively disperses the force generated by the impact of gangue, preventing the gangue baffle 112 from deforming or loosening due to long-term impact from gangue, thus improving the structural stability and service life of the gangue baffle 112.

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the vertical spacing between the first negative electrode mesh 1061 and the first positive electrode mesh 1062, and between the second negative electrode mesh 1071 and the second positive electrode mesh 1072, is between 0.3m and 0.6m. This creates a high-voltage electrostatic field with moderate intensity, uniform distribution, and stable operation within each sorting area, which can provide sufficient electric field force for coal and gangue particles of different densities and charges.

[0054] In this embodiment, the particle size range of the raw coal to be sorted is 0.2mm to 80mm, and the corresponding aperture of the first negative electrode mesh 1061 and the second negative electrode mesh 1071 is not less than 80mm. Under the premise of ensuring the normal formation of the high voltage electrostatic field, the airflow can penetrate without obstruction.

[0055] like Figure 6 As shown, the two ends of the first negative electrode mesh 1061, the first positive electrode mesh 1062, the second negative electrode mesh 1071, and the second positive electrode mesh 1072 are respectively fixed to the inner sidewall of the sorting channel 102 through the insulating connection part 119. The insulating connection part 119 is made of high-strength insulating material to prevent leakage of high voltage electrostatic field and attenuation of electric field strength.

[0056] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, independent waste rock discharge channels are formed between the rear end of the first sorting bed 103 and the rear side wall of the sorting channel 102, between the front end of the first sorting bed 103 and the rear end of the second sorting bed 104, and between the front end of the second sorting bed 104 and the rear end of the third sorting bed 105. Each waste rock discharge channel is arranged at an inclination, and each waste rock discharge channel has a waste rock discharge hole 1026 on its bottom surface. A waste rock conveyor 400 is correspondingly installed directly below each waste rock discharge hole 1026. The receiving end of the waste rock conveyor 400 is connected to the waste rock discharge hole 1026. The sorted waste rock falls into the waste rock conveyor 400 through the waste rock discharge channel and the waste rock discharge hole 1026 and is transported by the waste rock conveyor 400 to the designated collection area.

[0057] like Figure 6 As shown, the first sorting bed 103, the second sorting bed 104, and the third sorting bed 105 adopt the same inclination angle, all of which are inclined downward along the coal conveying direction. The inclination angle is controlled between 8° and 12°, which allows the coal to be conveyed forward in an orderly manner along the sorting bed surface at a stable flow rate under the combined action of gravity, vibration, and airflow. This ensures that the coal has sufficient sorting time to achieve coal and gangue stratification, while also preventing the coal from stagnating or sliding too quickly, thus ensuring the efficient operation of each sorting bed.

[0058] like Figure 6 As shown, the bottom surface of the sorting channel 102 corresponds to the first sorting bed 103, the second sorting bed 104, and the third sorting bed 105, and each is fixedly equipped with an independent conical air guide hood 120. The conical air guide hood 120 adopts a gradually tapering conical structure, with its large diameter end facing upwards and its small diameter end facing downwards. The large diameter end is directly opposite the lower area of ​​the corresponding sorting bed, and the small diameter end is directly opposite the air outlet of the air supply device. The conical air guide hood 120 can realize the convergence and uniform distribution of airflow, and concentrate the airflow output by the air supply device to the bed surface of the corresponding sorting bed, ensuring that the airflow acts evenly on the coal material on the bed surface. Each conical air guide hood 120 is fixedly equipped with a filter screen 121, which can intercept coarse coal particles and impurities carried in the airflow. By configuring independent conical air guide hoods 120 for each sorting bed, independent air intake control is achieved for the first sorting bed 103, the second sorting bed 104, and the third sorting bed 105. The air volume can be flexibly adjusted according to the sorting requirements of each level. The exhaust vents are centrally located directly above the third sorting bed 105, which facilitates the unified collection and recycling of airflow.

[0059] like Figure 2As shown, the air supply device includes a third support 301 and a cyclone dust collector 302, an induced draft fan 303, and a blower 304 installed on the third support 301. The air inlet end of the induced draft fan 303 is fixed above the air separation outlet 1024, and the air outlet end of the induced draft fan 303 is connected to the air inlet end of the cyclone dust collector 302. There are three blowers 304. The air inlets of the three blowers 304 are connected to the air outlet end of the cyclone dust collector 302 through air distribution pipes. The air outlet ends of the three blowers 304 are respectively directly opposite the small diameter end of the conical air guide hood 120. During the air separation process, the airflow penetrates upwards from the conical guide hood 120, passing through the separation bed surface and generating an upward lifting force on the stratified clean coal, promoting the separation of clean coal from gangue. The separated airflow carries a large amount of light dust and incompletely separated fine particles. Under the suction force of the induced draft fan 303, the dust-laden gas is transported to the cyclone dust collector 302 for high-speed rotation. The denser coal particles, incompletely separated coal, and coarse dust particles settle towards the inner wall of the dust collector 302 under centrifugal force and fall to the bottom of the dust collector 302. Medium-fine dust is also gradually separated with the rotation of the airflow, achieving efficient purification of the dust-laden gas. The clean gas after purification by the cyclone dust collector 302 enters directly into the three blowers 304 through pipelines. After being pressurized by the blowers 304, it is sent back into the conical guide hood 120, realizing the closed-loop circulation of the airflow.

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, the fine-grained raw coal dry air separation system also includes a control cabinet with a built-in programmable logic controller. The receiving end of the gangue conveyor 400 is located directly below the gangue discharge hole 1026. Each gangue conveyor 400 is equipped with an ash content detection device 500 and a weighing device 600. The ash content detection device 500 adopts online detection technology and can detect the ash content of the gangue in real time. The weighing device 600 can collect the conveying weight of the gangue in real time and is electrically connected to the programmable logic controller in the control cabinet through signal cables to realize the real-time transmission and analysis of detection data.

[0061] Specifically, the sorted high-density gangue particles move along the gangue discharge channel to the gangue discharge hole 1026 under the action of vibration inertia and gravity, and are discharged onto the gangue conveyor 400 through the gangue discharge hole 1026. The ash content detection device 500 and the weighing device 600 synchronously collect the ash content detection value and weight data of the gangue in real time, and transmit the data to the programmable logic controller (PLC). The PLC compares and analyzes the real-time ash content detection value with the preset standard threshold (set according to the raw coal quality requirements): if the ash content detection value is not less than the preset standard threshold, it indicates that the gangue purity meets the standard, and the PLC outputs a control signal to control the gangue conveyor 400 to operate normally and continuously transport the gangue to the designated collection area; if the ash content detection value is less than the preset standard threshold, it indicates that there is a lot of coal mixed in the gangue, and at this time the PLC outputs a control signal to control the gangue conveyor 400 to stop running and interrupt the discharge. At the same time, the height of the gangue baffle 112 is increased, so that the thickness of the coal layer on the sorting bed gradually increases, the coal sorting time is extended, and the sorting accuracy is further improved. After the sorting is qualified, the gangue conveyor 400 is controlled to resume operation to ensure that the purity of the discharged gangue meets the standard, avoid the loss of qualified coal, and improve the resource recovery rate.

[0062] In this embodiment, the control cabinet is also equipped with a human-machine interactive touch screen, which adopts a visual operation interface. Operators can intuitively view the operating status and parameter data of each actuator in the system through the human-machine interactive touch screen, and issue various operation instructions to the programmable logic controller. The programmable logic controller accurately outputs control signals to each actuator in the system according to the preset control logic, so as to realize the automated and precise control of the entire system.

[0063] The technical solution of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to specific embodiments. The specific embodiments described are used to help understand the concept of the present invention. Derivations and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the specific embodiments of the present invention also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dry air separation system for fine-grained raw coal, characterized in that, It includes an air separation device (100), which includes an outer frame (101), a suspension adjustment mechanism, and a sorting mechanism; The sorting mechanism includes a sorting channel (102), a first sorting bed (103), a second sorting bed (104), a third sorting bed (105), an electrode assembly, a vibration mechanism, and an air supply device. The sorting channel (102) is located inside the outer frame (101). A raw coal inlet (1021) is opened on the rear side of the top surface of the sorting channel (102), and a clean coal outlet (1022) is opened at the bottom front side of the sorting channel (102). The first sorting bed (103), the second sorting bed (104), and the third sorting bed (105) are fixed in the sorting channel (102) in a downward stepped manner along the coal conveying direction. The channel (102) is provided with gangue baffles (112) on the rear side of the first sorting bed (103), the second sorting bed (104), and the third sorting bed (105). The sorting channel (102) is fixed with a first guide plate (108) located between the raw coal inlet (1021) and the gangue baffle (112) of the first sorting bed (103). The front end of the first sorting bed (103) is connected to a second guide plate (109) located above the rear section of the second sorting bed (104). The front end of the second sorting bed (104) is connected to a third guide plate (110) located above the rear section of the third sorting bed (105). The electrode group includes a first electrode group and a second electrode group. The first electrode group includes a first negative electrode mesh (1061) fixed above the front section of the second sorting bed (104) and a first positive electrode mesh (1062) fixed below the front section of the second sorting bed (104). The second electrode group includes a second negative electrode mesh (1071) fixed above the front section of the third sorting bed (105) and a second positive electrode mesh (1072) fixed below the front section of the third sorting bed (105). The first negative electrode mesh (1061), the first positive electrode mesh (1062), the second negative electrode mesh (1071), and the second positive electrode mesh (1072) are electrically connected to the electrode generator, respectively. The top surface of the sorting channel (102) is provided with an air separation outlet (1024) corresponding to the third sorting bed (105). The bottom surface of the sorting channel (102) is provided with air separation inlets (1023) corresponding to the first sorting bed (103), the second sorting bed (104), and the third sorting bed (105). The air outlet of the air supply device is connected to the air separation inlet (1023), and the air inlet of the air supply device is connected to the air separation outlet (1024). The vibration mechanism is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sorting channel (102). The suspension adjustment mechanism includes a first bracket (113) fixed to the top of the outer frame (101), and a front winding motor (114) and a rear winding motor (115) installed at a distance from each other on the first bracket (113). The power shaft of the front winding motor (114) is wound with at least one first connecting rope, and the bottom end of the first connecting rope is fixedly connected to the front end of the sorting channel (102). The power shaft of the rear winding motor (115) is wound with at least one second connecting rope, and the bottom end of the second connecting rope is fixedly connected to the rear end of the sorting channel (102).

2. The fine-particle raw coal dry air separation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sorting mechanism also includes a height adjustment mechanism corresponding to each gangue baffle (112). Each height adjustment mechanism includes two electric push rods (118) fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sorting channel (102). The driving ends of the electric push rods (118) are fixedly connected to the two ends of the corresponding gangue baffle (112). The sorting channel (102) is provided with guide holes (1025) for the gangue baffle (112) to move up and down. The first sorting bed (103), the second sorting bed (104), and the third sorting bed (105) are slidably engaged with the corresponding gangue baffle (112).

3. The fine-particle raw coal dry air separation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical spacing between the first negative electrode mesh (1061) and the first positive electrode mesh (1062), and between the second negative electrode mesh (1071) and the second positive electrode mesh (1072) is between 0.3m and 0.6m.

4. The fine-particle raw coal dry air separation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The two ends of the first negative electrode mesh (1061), the first positive electrode mesh (1062), the second negative electrode mesh (1071), and the second positive electrode mesh (1072) are respectively fixed to the inner side wall of the sorting channel (102) through the insulating connection part (119).

5. The fine-particle raw coal dry air separation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibration mechanism includes a motor frame (116) and two vibration motors (117). The motor frame (116) is fixedly installed in the rear section of the top surface of the sorting channel (102) and located in front of the raw coal inlet (1021). The motor frame (116) has a rearwardly inclined motor mounting surface. The two vibration motors (117) are symmetrically fixedly installed on the motor mounting surface of the motor frame (116).

6. The fine-grained raw coal dry air separation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A waste removal channel is provided between the rear end of the first sorting bed (103) and the rear side wall of the sorting channel (102), between the front end of the first sorting bed (103) and the rear end of the second sorting bed (104), and between the front end of the second sorting bed (104) and the rear end of the third sorting bed (105). Each waste removal channel has a waste removal hole (1026) on its bottom surface.

7. The fine-grained raw coal dry air separation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first sorting bed (103), the second sorting bed (104), and the third sorting bed (105) have the same inclination angle and are inclined downward along the coal conveying direction, with an inclination angle of 8°~12°.

8. The fine-grained raw coal dry air separation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the sorting channel (102) is fixedly provided with conical air guide hoods (120) corresponding to the first sorting bed (103), the second sorting bed (104), and the third sorting bed (105). The large diameter end of each conical air guide hood (120) is directly opposite to and connected to the lower area of ​​the corresponding sorting bed, and the small diameter end of each conical air guide hood (120) is directly opposite to the air outlet of the air supply device.

9. A dry air separation system for fine-grained raw coal according to claim 8, characterized in that, Each of the conical air guide hoods (120) is equipped with a filter screen (121).

10. A dry air separation system for fine-grained raw coal according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a control cabinet and a gangue conveyor (400) corresponding to each gangue discharge hole (1026). The receiving end of the gangue conveyor (400) is located directly below the gangue discharge hole (1026). Each gangue conveyor (400) is equipped with an ash content detection device (500) and a weighing device (600). The ash content detection device (500) and the weighing device (600) are electrically connected to the control cabinet.

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