A device for recycling and processing electrolyte of waste lithium battery and a processing method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of waste lithium battery electrolyte recovery processing device, it is related to waste lithium battery electrolyte recovery processing technical field, including spiral settling centrifuge, the top of the spiral settling centrifuge is equipped with protective cover, driving shaft is erected between the spiral settling centrifuge and protective cover, and the outside of driving shaft is integrally provided with drum, the inside of the drum is provided with spiral pusher, and the inside of the spiral pusher is embeddedly installed with feed inlet;The present application can scrape some adhering to the positive and negative sides of the spiral blade solid phase foreign matter, which is beneficial to separate and process the liquid phase electrolyte and solid phase foreign matter of waste battery, avoid equipment damage, avoid solid phase to cross liquid phase, foreign matter on the surface of the partition plate can be scraped and cleaned by the end of the second scraping plate, the foreign matter in the fixed hole is knocked by the telescopic column of repeated extension and retraction, and the foreign matter is discharged by the forward and reverse spiral pusher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste lithium battery electrolyte recycling and treatment technology, specifically to a waste lithium battery electrolyte recycling and treatment device and its treatment method. Background Technology

[0002] The recycling and treatment of spent lithium-ion battery electrolyte is a crucial step in the cascade utilization and recycling of power batteries. Its core objective is to achieve the efficient extraction and regeneration of valuable metals such as lithium, cobalt, nickel, and manganese, while simultaneously disposing of organic solvents and fluorides harmlessly to avoid environmental pollution. The process must take into account the flammable, volatile, highly corrosive, and fluorine-containing characteristics of the electrolyte. Specifically, the recycling process involves separating solid impurities (metal fragments, separator powder, cell residue, etc.) from the liquid electrolyte, requiring the use of a spiral sedimentation centrifuge for the recycling of spent lithium-ion battery electrolyte.

[0003] Solid impurities in the electrolyte settle to the inner wall of the drum under centrifugal force. The screw feeder pushes the sludge towards the discharge port through differential rotation. The carbonate organic solvents in the electrolyte have high viscosity and surface tension. Solid particles will form a layer of impurities on the front and back surfaces of the screw blades. The adhered solid particles will block the gap between the drum and the screw. During the rotation of the screw feeder, the adhered solid particles will rub against the screw blades, causing the blades to wear, deform, or even be damaged. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a waste lithium battery electrolyte recycling and processing device and method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A waste lithium battery electrolyte recycling and processing device includes a spiral sedimentation centrifuge. A protective cover is installed at the top of the spiral sedimentation centrifuge. A drive shaft is installed between the spiral sedimentation centrifuge and the protective cover, and a rotating drum is integrally installed outside the drive shaft. A spiral pusher is installed inside the rotating drum, with an inlet embedded inside the spiral pusher and an outlet in the middle. A cleaning component is installed between the rotating drum and the spiral pusher. The cleaning component includes two sets of second fixing rings, which are respectively fitted onto the two ends of the spiral pusher. The second fixing rings rotate relative to the ends of the spiral pusher. Two first fixing strips are welded between the two second fixing rings. A first scraper is integrally installed on the inner wall of the two first fixing strips at each spiral blade of the spiral pusher. The plane of the first scraper is aligned with the axis of the spiral pusher. The first fixing strips and the first scraper are used to scrape and clean the solid phase adhering to the front and back surfaces of the spiral blades of the spiral pusher.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an electric push rod is installed on the end face of the protective cover near the drive shaft. A push plate is fixedly installed at the end of the electric push rod. Two connecting rods are welded to the surface of the push plate. The middle of the connecting rod is slidably connected to the end face of the drum. The end of the connecting rod is used to push the first scraper plate to move along the axis of the spiral feeder.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the push plate has a sliding hole inside, which is slidably connected to the outside of the drive shaft. The inner diameter of the second fixing ring near the drive shaft is larger than the diameter of the same end of the screw feeder. The inner diameter of the second fixing ring near the feed inlet is equal to the diameter of the same end of the screw feeder. The inside of the second fixing ring near the feed inlet is movably connected to the same end of the screw feeder. The extension and retraction length of the connecting rod is the same as the pitch of the screw feeder.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spiral pusher is provided with two first fixing rings on its outer side, and two second fixing strips are welded between the two first fixing rings. The inner walls of the two second fixing strips and each spiral blade of the spiral pusher are integrally provided with a third fixing plate. The plane of the third fixing plate is aligned with the axis of the spiral pusher. The second fixing strips and each third fixing plate are welded to the spiral pusher.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spacing between two adjacent first scraper plates, the spacing between two adjacent third fixed plates, and the pitch of the spiral blades of the spiral feeder are equal, and the sum of the lengths of the first scraper plates and the third fixed plates is greater than or equal to the pitch of the spiral blades of the spiral feeder. The first scraper plates and the third fixed plates are staggered to prevent relative movement of material between the drum and the spiral feeder.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, two reserved grooves are formed on the surface of the first fixed ring near the drive shaft. Two connecting rods are respectively aligned with the two reserved grooves and slide relative to the reserved grooves. The connecting rods pass through the interior of the reserved grooves and contact the second fixed ring. The two first fixed bars, the two second fixed bars, the two connecting rods and the two reserved grooves are all symmetrical about the axis of the spiral pusher. The first scraper plate rotates at an angle of 180°.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when each of the first scraping plates coincides with the corresponding third fixed plate, the material between the drum and the screw feeder moves from the gap between the first scraping plate and the third fixed plate; when each of the first scraping plates separates from the corresponding third fixed plate, the material between the drum and the screw feeder is retained at each of the first scraping plates and the third fixed plate.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second scraper plate is integrally provided on the inner wall of the first fixing strip near the feed inlet. A barrier assembly is provided on the outside of the spiral pusher between the drum and the spiral pusher. The barrier assembly includes a partition plate, which is located at the end of the spiral pusher. The surface of the partition plate has several drainage holes. A partition groove is provided at the intersection of the partition plate and the spiral blade of the spiral pusher. A fixing hole is provided at the edge of the second scraper plate. A fixing post is embedded in the fixing hole. A reserved hole is provided inside the fixing post. A telescopic post and a telescopic spring are installed inside the reserved hole. A guide groove is provided on the side wall of the telescopic post. A fixing pin is installed on the side wall of the fixing post. The end of the telescopic post corresponds to the fixing hole of the partition plate. The telescopic post is used to clean foreign objects on the surface of the fixing hole.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the guide groove is h-shaped, the fixing pin is aligned with the guide groove, and the fixing pin is slidably connected to the inside of the guide groove. When the second scraping plate contacts the surface of the partition plate, the telescopic column is used to knock foreign objects off the surface of the fixing hole under the action of the telescopic spring.

[0014] A method for recycling and processing waste lithium battery electrolyte, applied to the aforementioned waste lithium battery electrolyte recycling and processing device, includes the following steps: S1. Pre-treatment: Immerse the waste lithium batteries in NaCl solution to fully discharge them, remove the outer casing and electrode components, and crush the battery cells into particles using a shear crusher. S2, Spiral sedimentation centrifugal separation: The spiral sedimentation centrifuge is put into operation. The drive mechanism rotates the drum and the spiral pusher in opposite directions on the same axis. The separated material enters the drum from the feed inlet. Under the action of centrifugal force, the solid phase electrode powder and electrode tab components settle against the wall and are transported to the solid phase outlet by the spiral pusher. S3. Further separation of solid and liquid phases: The solid and liquid phases are further separated by the partition plate of the barrier component. The liquid phase containing electrolyte is discharged from the overflow port, realizing the initial separation of solid and liquid. S4. Electrolyte condensation and recovery: The liquid phase after centrifugation is sent to a vacuum distillation column to vaporize the carbonate solvent in the electrolyte. The vapor is condensed into liquid by a condenser and collected to obtain crude electrolyte. S5. Removal of impurities from electrolyte: The crude electrolyte is removed by distillation to remove moisture, metal ions and organic impurities. S6. Clean foreign objects from both sides of the screw feeder: Use the first scraper to scrape and clean the front and back sides of the screw blades of the screw feeder. S7. Residue and Environmental Protection: The solid residue separated by centrifugation is sent to a hydrometallurgical system to recover metals; waste gas and wastewater are treated to meet requirements before being discharged.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: Equipped with a cleaning component, the spiral blades can be brought into contact with the first fixing strip and the first scraper plate, thereby scraping and cleaning the front and back sides of the spiral pusher blades. This can scrape away some solid foreign matter adhering to the front and back sides of the spiral blades, which is beneficial for separating the liquid electrolyte and solid foreign matter from waste batteries and preventing equipment damage. The device is equipped with a second fixing bar and a third fixing plate. The first scraper plate and the third fixing plate overlap, which can prevent the gaps between the spiral blades of the spiral feeder from being blocked, and prevent solid foreign objects from moving in the opposite direction. Equipped with a barrier component, the solid and liquid phases are separated by a partition plate to prevent the solid phase from crossing the liquid phase. Foreign objects on the surface of the partition plate can be scraped and cleaned by the end of the second scraper plate. Foreign objects inside the fixing hole are knocked by the repeatedly extending and retracting telescopic column. The forward and reverse spiral pusher can discharge foreign objects. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the main body of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary drum and spiral feeder of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning component of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first scraping plate and the third fixing plate of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the electric push rod and connecting rod of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the barrier component of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the partition plate and fixing holes of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fitting of the fixing post and the fixing hole according to the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic column and telescopic spring of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the recycling method of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Spiral sedimentation centrifuge; 2. Protective cover; 3. Drive shaft; 4. Feed inlet; 5. Drum; 6. Spiral pusher; 7. Cleaning assembly; 8. Barrier assembly; 9. Discharge outlet; 71. First fixing bar; 72. Second fixing bar; 73. First scraper; 74. Third fixing plate; 75. First fixing ring; 76. Second fixing ring; 77. Reserved groove; 78. Push plate; 79. Electric push rod; 710. Connecting rod; 731. Second scraper; 81. Partition plate; 82. Fixing hole; 83. Drain hole; 84. Partition groove; 85. Fixing column; 86. Telescopic column; 87. Reserved hole; 88. Guide groove; 89. Fixing pin; 810. Telescopic spring. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1:

[0021] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 5As shown, a waste lithium battery electrolyte recycling and processing device includes a spiral sedimentation centrifuge 1, a protective cover 2 installed at the top of the spiral sedimentation centrifuge 1, a drive shaft 3 strung between the spiral sedimentation centrifuge 1 and the protective cover 2, the drive shaft 3 having a small end and a feed inlet 4 having a large end, and a rotating drum 5 integrally mounted on the outside of the drive shaft 3, with a spiral pusher 6 installed inside the rotating drum 5, the feed inlet 4 embedded inside the spiral pusher 6, and a discharge port 9 opened in the middle of the spiral pusher 6. The drive shaft 3 is rotated by a drive assembly, causing the rotating drum 5 to rotate, and the spiral pusher 6 is rotated by another drive device, and the spiral pusher 6 and the... The drum 5 rotates in opposite directions, and the material enters the screw conveyor 6 from the feed inlet 4. The lithium battery electrolyte and its crushing components enter the space between the screw conveyor 6 and the drum 5 from the discharge outlet 9. The relative rotation of the drum 5 and the screw conveyor 6 separates the crushing components from the electrolyte. A cleaning component 7 is installed between the drum 5 and the screw conveyor 6. The cleaning component 7 includes two sets of second fixing rings 76, which are respectively fitted onto the two ends of the screw conveyor 6. Two first fixing strips 71 are welded between the two second fixing rings 76. The inner walls of the two first fixing strips 71 are located on each side of the screw conveyor 6. Each spiral blade is integrally equipped with a first scraper plate 73. The plane of the first scraper plate 73 is aligned with the axis of the spiral pusher 6. The rotation of the spiral pusher 6 causes the relative position of the first scraper plate 73 and the second fixing ring 76 to change. That is, the first fixing strip 71 and the second fixing ring 76 can rotate relative to the inner wall of the drum 5, or the first scraper plate 73 and the second fixing ring 76 can rotate synchronously relative to the spiral pusher 6, or the first scraper plate 73 and the second fixing ring 76 can rotate slightly relative to the spiral pusher 6. The first fixing strip 71 and the first scraper plate 73 are used to scrape the solid phase adhering to the front and back sides of the spiral blades of the spiral pusher 6. When the drum 5 and the screw feeder 6 rotate relative to each other, the first scraper 73 can rotate. At this time, the first fixing strip 71 can scrape the inside of the drum 5. Similarly, the edge of the first scraper 73 scrapes and cleans the front and back of the screw blades of the screw feeder 6, thereby separating the electrolyte and foreign matter components inside the screw blades of the screw feeder 6. This makes it easier to separate the electrolyte of the waste battery. The liquid phase is discharged from the position of the drum 5 near the feed inlet 4, and the solid phase is discharged from the position of the drum 5 near the drive shaft 3, thereby separating the liquid phase of the electrode liquid and the solid phase of the battery foreign matter components in the waste lithium battery.

[0022] Please see Figure 3 - Figure 5As shown, an electric push rod 79 is installed on the end face of the protective cover 2 near the drive shaft 3. A push plate 78 is fixedly installed at the end of the electric push rod 79. The extension and retraction of the electric push rod 79 causes the push plate 78 to move along the axial direction of the drive shaft 3. Two connecting rods 710 are welded to the surface of the push plate 78. The middle of the connecting rod 710 is slidably connected to the end face of the drum 5. The end of the connecting rod 710 is used to push the first scraper plate 73 to move along the axial direction of the spiral feeder 6. The movement of the push plate 78 can drive the two connecting rods 710 to move along the axial direction. The connecting rods 710 can push the second fixing ring 76, so that the first scraper plate 73 on the first fixing bar 71 is relative to the axis of the spiral feeder 6. The connecting rod 710 moves in the linear direction; when the connecting rod 710 separates from the end face of the drum 5, the relative rotation of the drum 5 and the spiral pusher 6 by the first fixing bar 71 will not affect the drum 5 and the spiral pusher 6. When the connecting rod 710 penetrates the interior of the end face of the drum 5, the connecting rod 710 pushes the second fixing ring 76 forward, so that one edge of the first scraping plate 73 contacts one side of the spiral blade of the spiral pusher 6. The spiral axial movement length and movement speed of the spiral pusher 6 are the same as the extension length and extension speed of the connecting rod 710. At this time, the spiral pusher 6 rotates, causing the first scraping plate 73 to scrape and clean the spiral blade of the spiral pusher 6, ensuring that both sides of the spiral blade of the spiral pusher 6 are cleaned.

[0023] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the push plate 78 has a sliding hole inside, and the sliding hole of the push plate 78 is slidably connected to the outside of the drive shaft 3. Because the push plate 78 has a sliding hole inside, the push plate 78 will slide relative to the drive shaft 3. At this time, the sliding hole of the push plate 78 can avoid interference between the push plate 78 and the drive shaft 3. The inner diameter of the second fixing ring 76 near the drive shaft 3 is larger than the diameter of the same end of the screw pusher 6. The inner diameter of the second fixing ring 76 near the feed port 4 is equal to the diameter of the same end of the screw pusher 6. The interior of the second fixing ring 76 near the feed port 4 is movably connected to the same end of the screw pusher 6. The extension length of the connecting rod 710 is the same as the pitch of the screw pusher 6. Since the axial movement length and movement speed of the screw pusher 6 are the same as the extension length and extension speed of the connecting rod 710, the first fixing bar 71 and the first scraper plate 73 move axially.

[0024] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the screw feeder 6 is externally fitted with two first fixing rings 75, and two second fixing strips 72 are welded between the two first fixing rings 75. A third fixing plate 74 is integrally provided on the inner wall of each of the two second fixing strips 72 at each screw blade of the screw feeder 6. The plane of the third fixing plate 74 is aligned with the axis of the screw feeder 6. The second fixing strips 72 and each of the third fixing plates 74 are welded to the screw feeder 6, thus allowing the first fixing rings 75 and the second fixing strips 72 to be welded to the screw feeder. The second fixing bar 72 and the third fixing plate 74 are located outside the screw feeder 6, so that the second fixing bar 72 and the third fixing plate 74 rotate with the screw feeder 6. At this time, the third fixing plate 74 on the second fixing bar 72 overlaps with or is offset from the first scraper plate 73 of the first fixing bar 71. When separation is not required, the first scraper plate 73 and the third fixing plate 74 can be offset, so that the first scraper plate 73 and the third fixing plate 74 can isolate the gaps between the screw blades of the screw feeder 6. At this time, the solid phase and the liquid phase can be separated, and the solid foreign matter can be prevented from moving in the opposite direction.

[0025] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the spacing between two adjacent first scraper plates 73, the spacing between two adjacent third fixed plates 74, and the pitch of the spiral blades of the spiral feeder 6 are equal. The sum of the lengths of the first scraper plates 73 and the third fixed plates 74 is greater than or equal to the pitch of the spiral blades of the spiral feeder 6. The first scraper plates 73 and the third fixed plates 74 are staggered to prevent relative movement of material between the drum 5 and the spiral feeder 6. Since the spacing between the first scraper plates 73, the spacing between the third fixed plates 74, and the pitch of the spiral feeder 6 are all the same, the gaps between each spiral blade of the spiral feeder 6 can be separated.

[0026] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, two pre-reserved grooves 77 are formed on the surface of the first fixed ring 75 near the drive shaft 3. Two connecting rods 710 are aligned with the two pre-reserved grooves 77 respectively, and the connecting rods 710 slide relative to the pre-reserved grooves 77, so that the connecting rods 710 can be rotated 180° relative to the pre-reserved grooves 77. The two sides of the first scraper 73 are used to clean the front and back of the spiral blades of the spiral pusher 6. The connecting rods 710 pass through the interior of the pre-reserved grooves 77 and contact the second fixed ring 76. The two first fixed bars 71, the two second fixed bars 72, the two connecting rods 710 and the two pre-reserved grooves 77 are all symmetrical about the axis of the spiral pusher 6. The first scraper 73 rotates at an angle of 180°. The first scraper 73 of the first fixed bar 71, the second fixed bar 72 and the third fixed plate 74 move relative to each other, so that the spiral blades are cleaned according to the position changes of the first scraper 73 and the third fixed plate 74.

[0027] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4and Figure 5 As shown, when each of the first scraper plates 73 overlaps with the corresponding third fixed plate 74, the material between the drum 5 and the screw feeder 6 moves through the gap between the first scraper plate 73 and the third fixed plate 74. When the drum 5 and the screw feeder 6 rotate relative to each other, the connecting rod 710 separates from the end face of the drum 5. At this time, both the first scraper plate 73 and the third fixed plate 74 rotate with the screw feeder 6, so that the operation of the screw feeder 6 can separate the solid and liquid phases of the material. When each of the first scraper plates 73 separates from the corresponding third fixed plate 74, the material between the drum 5 and the screw feeder 6 is retained at each of the first scraper plates 73 and the third fixed plate 74. The connecting rod 710 extends into the interior of the drum 5, and when the drum 5 stops rotating, the screw feeder 6 rotates 180°, so that the second fixed bar 72 and the third fixed plate 74 do not change position. The first scraper plate 73 moves along the axial direction of the screw feeder 6, which can clean the spiral blades of the screw feeder 6 on both sides.

[0028] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 6 - Figure 9 As shown, a second scraper plate 731 is integrally provided on the inner wall of the first fixing strip 71 near the feed inlet 4. The second scraper plate 731 and the third fixing plate 74 cooperate to fill the gap of the spiral blades. A barrier assembly 8 is provided on the outside of the spiral pusher 6 between the drum 5 and the spiral pusher 6. The barrier assembly 8 includes a partition plate 81, which is located at the end of the spiral pusher 6. The surface of the partition plate 81 has several water flow holes 83. A partition groove 84 is provided at the intersection of the partition plate 81 and the spiral blades of the spiral pusher 6. The partition plate 81 is welded to the inner wall of the drum 5, so that the spiral blades of the spiral pusher 6 rotate relative to the partition plate 81 and can retain the solid phase away from the feed inlet 4, while the liquid phase can pass through the fixing of the partition plate 81. Inside hole 82, a fixing hole 82 is provided at the edge of the second scraper plate 731. A fixing post 85 is embedded inside the fixing hole 82. A reserved hole 87 is provided inside the fixing post 85. A telescopic post 86 and a telescopic spring 810 are installed inside the reserved hole 87. A guide groove 88 is provided on the side wall of the telescopic post 86. A fixing pin 89 is installed on the side wall of the fixing post 85. The end of the telescopic post 86 corresponds to the fixing hole 82 of the partition plate 81. The telescopic post 86 is used to clean foreign objects on the surface of the fixing hole 82. The second scraper plate 731 is used to scrape the surface of the partition plate 81. Since the fixing post 85 inside the second scraper plate 731 can move with the second scraper plate 731, the telescopic post 86 can contact the fixing hole 82 of the partition plate 81, thereby knocking away the foreign objects blocking the fixing hole 82.

[0029] Please see Figure 6 - Figure 9 As shown, the guide groove 88 is h-shaped, and the fixing pin 89 is aligned with the guide groove 88. The fixing pin 89 is slidably connected to the inside of the guide groove 88. When the fixing pin 89 is inserted into the fixing column 85, the end of the fixing pin 89 slides along the inside of the h-shaped guide groove 88. This not only prevents the fixing pin 89 from sliding out of the guide groove 88, but also does not affect the relative sliding between the fixing pin 89 and the guide groove 88. When the second scraping plate 731 contacts the surface of the partition plate 81, the telescopic column 86, under the action of the telescopic spring 810, is used to knock the foreign objects on the surface of the fixing hole 82. Since the end of the telescopic column 86 can knock the partition plate 81 when it just contacts the inside of the fixing hole 82, the telescopic column 86 continues to rotate relative to the partition plate 81. The end of the telescopic column 86 is chamfered so that the telescopic column 86 separates from the inside of the fixing hole 82. This process is repeated to scrape and knock foreign objects from the surface of the partition plate 81, which is beneficial for separating the liquid phase and the solid phase.

[0030] Please see Figure 10 As shown, a method for recycling and processing waste lithium battery electrolyte, applied to the aforementioned waste lithium battery electrolyte recycling and processing device, includes the following steps: S1. Pretreatment: Immerse the waste lithium batteries in NaCl solution to discharge them completely, remove the outer casing and electrode components to avoid short circuit and fire. The discharge time of the waste lithium batteries is 24-48 hours. Use a shear crusher to crush the battery cells into particles. Add anhydrous ethanol or dimethyl carbonate as an extractant to ensure that the diameter of the crushed battery cell particles is smaller than the space of the discharge port 9, and to ensure that the crushed battery cell particles are discharged from the discharge port 9 between the rotating drum 5 and the screw feeder 6. S2, Spiral sedimentation centrifugal separation: The spiral sedimentation centrifuge 1 is put into operation with a differential speed of 5-30 r / min to match the density difference between the electrolyte and the electrode powder. The drive mechanism rotates the drum 5 and the spiral pusher 6 in opposite directions on the same axis. The separated material enters the drum 5 from the feed port 4. Under the action of centrifugal force, the solid phase electrode powder and electrode tabs settle against the wall and are conveyed to the solid phase outlet by the spiral pusher 6. S3. Further separation of solid and liquid phases: The solid and liquid phases are further separated by the partition plate 81 of the barrier component 8. The liquid phase containing electrolyte is discharged from the overflow port, realizing the initial separation of solid and liquid. The solid phase can be transported to the small end of the drum 5, which can prevent the liquid from entering the small end of the drum 5. The liquid is transported to the large end of the drum 5 by the screw feeder 6. S4. Electrolyte condensation and recovery: The liquid phase after centrifugation is sent to a vacuum distillation column and heated under vacuum of 0.08-0.095 MPa and temperature of 60-80℃ to vaporize the carbonate solvent in the electrolyte. The vapor is condensed into liquid by a condenser and collected to obtain crude electrolyte. S5. Removal of impurities from electrolyte: Remove moisture, metal ions and organic impurities from crude electrolyte, and use dimethyl carbonate as an extractant by distillation separation. S6. Clean foreign matter on both sides of the spiral feeder 6: Use the first scraper 73 to scrape and clean the spiral blades of the spiral feeder 6, which is beneficial for separating the electrolyte of the waste battery. S7. Residue and Environmental Protection: The solid residue separated by centrifugation is sent to the hydrometallurgical system to recover metals; waste gas and wastewater are discharged after meeting the requirements. The waste gas is treated by activated carbon adsorption and catalytic combustion, and the VOCs emission meets the standards; the wastewater is recycled after biochemical treatment.

[0031] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to any specific implementation. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A waste lithium battery electrolyte recycling and processing device, comprising a spiral sedimentation centrifuge (1), wherein a protective cover (2) is installed at the top of the spiral sedimentation centrifuge (1), a drive shaft (3) is provided between the spiral sedimentation centrifuge (1) and the protective cover (2), and a rotating drum (5) is integrally provided on the outside of the drive shaft (3), a spiral pusher (6) is provided inside the rotating drum (5), an inlet (4) is embedded inside the spiral pusher (6), and an outlet (9) is provided in the middle of the spiral pusher (6), characterized in that, A cleaning component (7) is provided between the drum (5) and the spiral pusher (6). The cleaning component (7) includes two sets of second fixing rings (76). The two sets of second fixing rings (76) are respectively sleeved on the two ends of the spiral pusher (6). The second fixing rings (76) rotate relative to the ends of the spiral pusher (6). Two first fixing strips (71) are welded between the two second fixing rings (76). A first scraper plate (73) is integrally provided on the inner wall of the two first fixing strips (71) and at each spiral blade of the spiral pusher (6). The plane of the first scraper plate (73) is aligned with the axis of the spiral pusher (6). The first fixing strips (71) and the first scraper plate (73) are used to scrape and clean the solid phase adhering to the front and back of the spiral blades of the spiral pusher (6).

2. The waste lithium battery electrolyte recycling and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An electric push rod (79) is installed on the end face of the protective cover (2) near the drive shaft (3). A push plate (78) is fixedly installed at the end of the electric push rod (79). Two connecting rods (710) are welded to the surface of the push plate (78). The middle of the connecting rod (710) is slidably connected to the end face of the drum (5). The end of the connecting rod (710) is used to push the first scraper plate (73) to move along the axis of the spiral feeder (6).

3. The waste lithium battery electrolyte recycling and processing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The push plate (78) has a sliding hole inside, and the sliding hole of the push plate (78) is slidably connected to the outside of the drive shaft (3). The inner diameter of the second fixing ring (76) near the drive shaft (3) is larger than the diameter of the same end of the screw feeder (6). The inner diameter of the second fixing ring (76) near the feed inlet (4) is equal to the diameter of the same end of the screw feeder (6). The inside of the second fixing ring (76) near the feed inlet (4) is movably connected to the same end of the screw feeder (6). The extension length of the connecting rod (710) is the same as the pitch of the screw feeder (6).

4. The waste lithium battery electrolyte recycling and processing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The spiral feeder (6) is fitted with two first fixing rings (75) on its outside. Two second fixing strips (72) are welded between the two first fixing rings (75). A third fixing plate (74) is integrally provided on the inner wall of the two second fixing strips (72) and at each spiral blade of the spiral feeder (6). The plane of the third fixing plate (74) is aligned with the axis of the spiral feeder (6). The second fixing strips (72) and each third fixing plate (74) are welded to the spiral feeder (6).

5. The waste lithium battery electrolyte recycling and processing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The spacing between two adjacent first scraper plates (73), the spacing between two adjacent third fixed plates (74), and the pitch of the spiral blades of the spiral feeder (6) are equal, and the sum of the length of the first scraper plate (73) and the length of the third fixed plate (74) is greater than or equal to the pitch of the spiral blades of the spiral feeder (6). The first scraper plate (73) and the third fixed plate (74) are staggered to prevent relative movement of material between the drum (5) and the spiral feeder (6).

6. The waste lithium battery electrolyte recycling and processing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Two pre-reserved grooves (77) are opened on the surface of the first fixing ring (75) near the drive shaft (3). Two connecting rods (710) are aligned with the two pre-reserved grooves (77) respectively, and the connecting rods (710) slide relative to the pre-reserved grooves (77). The connecting rods (710) penetrate the interior of the pre-reserved grooves (77) and contact the second fixing ring (76). The two first fixing bars (71), the two second fixing bars (72), the two connecting rods (710) and the two pre-reserved grooves (77) are all symmetrical about the axis of the spiral pusher (6). The first scraper plate (73) rotates at an angle of 180°.

7. The waste lithium battery electrolyte recycling and processing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, When each of the first scraper plates (73) overlaps with the corresponding third fixed plate (74), the material between the drum (5) and the screw feeder (6) moves from the gap between the first scraper plate (73) and the third fixed plate (74); when each of the first scraper plates (73) separates from the corresponding third fixed plate (74), the material between the drum (5) and the screw feeder (6) is retained at each of the first scraper plates (73) and the third fixed plate (74).

8. The waste lithium battery electrolyte recycling and processing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, A second scraper plate (731) is integrally provided on the inner wall of the first fixing strip (71) and near the feed inlet (4). A barrier assembly (8) is provided on the outside of the spiral pusher (6) and between the drum (5) and the spiral pusher (6). The barrier assembly (8) includes a partition plate (81). The partition plate (81) is provided at the end of the spiral pusher (6). A plurality of water flow holes (83) are provided on the surface of the partition plate (81). A partition groove (84) is provided at the intersection of the partition plate (81) and the spiral blade of the spiral pusher (6). The second scraper plate (731) is integrally provided on the inner wall of the first fixing strip (71) and near the feed inlet (4). A fixing hole (82) is provided at the edge of the partition plate (81). A fixing post (85) is embedded in the fixing hole (82). A reserved hole (87) is provided inside the fixing post (85). A telescopic post (86) and a telescopic spring (810) are installed inside the reserved hole (87). A guide groove (88) is provided on the side wall of the telescopic post (86). A fixing pin (89) is installed on the side wall of the fixing post (85). The end of the telescopic post (86) corresponds to the fixing hole (82) of the partition plate (81). The telescopic post (86) is used to clean foreign objects on the surface of the fixing hole (82).

9. A waste lithium battery electrolyte recycling and processing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The guide groove (88) is h-shaped, and the fixing pin (89) is aligned with the guide groove (88). The fixing pin (89) is slidably connected to the inside of the guide groove (88). When the second scraper plate (731) contacts the surface of the partition plate (81), the telescopic column (86) is used to knock the foreign objects on the surface of the fixing hole (82) under the action of the telescopic spring (810).

10. A method for recycling and processing waste lithium battery electrolyte, applied to the waste lithium battery electrolyte recycling and processing device described in claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Pre-treatment: Immerse the waste lithium batteries in NaCl solution to fully discharge them, remove the outer casing and electrode components, and crush the battery cells into particles using a shear crusher. S2, Spiral sedimentation centrifugal separation: The spiral sedimentation centrifuge (1) is put into operation. The drive mechanism rotates the drum (5) and the spiral pusher (6) in opposite directions on the same axis. The separated material enters the drum (5) from the feed port (4). Under the action of centrifugal force, the solid phase electrode powder and electrode tab parts settle against the wall and are transported to the solid phase outlet by the spiral pusher (6). S3. Further separation of solid and liquid phases: The solid and liquid phases are further separated by the partition plate (81) of the barrier component (8). The liquid phase containing electrolyte is discharged from the overflow port, thus achieving preliminary solid-liquid separation. S4. Electrolyte condensation and recovery: The liquid phase after centrifugation is sent to a vacuum distillation column to vaporize the carbonate solvent in the electrolyte. The vapor is condensed into liquid by a condenser and collected to obtain crude electrolyte. S5. Removal of impurities from electrolyte: The crude electrolyte is removed by distillation to remove moisture, metal ions and organic impurities. S6. Clean the foreign matter on the front and back of the spiral feeder (6): Use the first scraper (73) to scrape and clean the front and back of the spiral blades of the spiral feeder (6); S7. Residue and Environmental Protection: The solid residue separated by centrifugation is sent to a hydrometallurgical system to recover metals; waste gas and wastewater are treated to meet requirements before being discharged.

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