A wheat breeding and selecting device and a method of using the same

Abstract

The application relates to a wheat breeding and seed selection device and a use method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of wheat breeding and seed selection. In order to solve the technical defects of seed jamming, mesh blockage and grain residue, the application provides a wheat breeding and seed selection device, which comprises a rack, a screening mechanism and a dredging mechanism. The screening mechanism is arranged in the rack and is configured to reciprocate in a first direction, and comprises an upper screen mesh and a lower screen mesh. The mesh size of the lower screen mesh is smaller than that of the upper screen mesh. The dredging mechanism is connected with the lower screen mesh and comprises a dredging plate extending in a second direction. A plurality of dredging rods are arranged on the dredging plate in a spaced manner. The dredging plate is configured to move in a snake shape in the first direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. The automatic and accurate dredging of the screen mesh is realized through the dredging mechanism, the probability of screen jamming and blockage is reduced, the probability of screen leakage and material mixing caused by mesh blockage is reduced, the screening continuity and seed selection efficiency are improved, and the risk of mixing of different batches of seeds is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a wheat breeding and selection device and its usage method, belonging to the field of wheat breeding and selection technology. Background Technology

[0002] Wheat breeding is a core link in increasing agricultural yield and quality. Seed selection, as a key step in the breeding process, directly determines the accuracy of breeding experiments and the efficiency of screening high-quality germplasm resources. Currently, mechanical sieve grading is still the main technical means for wheat breeding and seed selection. Its core principle is to use sieves with different apertures to grade and screen wheat grains according to their size, thereby separating plump large grains, medium-sized grains, and broken or shriveled grains.

[0003] In related technologies, wheat breeding and selection devices commonly suffer from technical defects during the sieve sorting process, such as seed jamming, mesh clogging, and grain residue. Specifically, the elliptical shape and ventral groove structure of wheat grains make them easily embedded in the mesh during sieving. Broken grains and husks also easily clog the mesh, causing a rapid decrease in the effective sieving area, resulting in missed screening and cross-contamination. The lack of a targeted unclogging structure for the sieves necessitates manual periodic shutdowns for cleaning, leading to interruptions in the sieving process and reduced selection efficiency. Residual grains in the dead corners and mesh gaps are difficult to remove, easily causing mixing of seeds from different batches and varieties. This can easily lead to the introduction of other batches in subsequent sieving, reducing seed purity and affecting the accuracy of breeding experiments. Traditional wheat breeding and selection devices cannot meet the needs of multi-batch, continuous seed selection in breeding experiments.

[0004] To overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings, this application provides a wheat breeding and seed selection device that improves the internal screening mechanism. The device achieves automatic and precise unblocking of the screen mesh through a clearing mechanism, reducing the probability of screen blockage without manual intervention. This reduces the probability of screen leakage and cross-contamination caused by mesh blockage, improving screening continuity and seed selection efficiency. It also reduces the risk of mixing between different batches of seeds, ensuring the isolation of different strains and batches of seeds in breeding experiments, and improving grading purity and experimental data accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the technical defects of existing wheat breeding and selection devices, such as seed jamming, mesh blockage, and grain residue, this application provides a wheat breeding and selection device, which aims to improve the internal screening mechanism and achieve automatic and precise unblocking of the screen mesh through the unblocking mechanism, thereby improving screening continuity and seed selection efficiency.

[0006] An embodiment of the first aspect of this application provides a wheat breeding and selection device, including a frame, a screening mechanism, and a clearing mechanism. The screening mechanism is disposed within the frame and configured to reciprocate along a first direction. It includes an upper screen and a lower screen spaced apart, with the mesh size of the lower screen being smaller than that of the upper screen. The clearing mechanism is connected to the lower screen and includes a clearing plate extending along a second direction. A plurality of clearing rods are spaced apart on the clearing plate. The clearing plate is configured to move in a serpentine manner along the first direction, which is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0007] In some embodiments, the unblocking mechanism further includes a placement box, a guide plate, and an annular belt. The placement box is connected to the side of the lower screen. The guide plate is disposed below the lower screen and connected to the placement box. A guide groove extending in a serpentine manner along a first direction is provided on the plate. The annular belt is configured to move circumferentially within the placement box. A sliding plate is connected to the side near the guide plate. A sliding groove extending in a third direction is provided on the sliding plate. A sliding rod is provided at one end of the unblocking plate. The sliding rod passes through the guide groove and engages with the sliding groove and is slidably connected. The third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction.

[0008] In some embodiments, the upper surface of the annular belt is provided with a plurality of teeth at intervals. The unblocking mechanism further includes a fixing block, a first pawl, a second pawl, a first elastic element, and a limiting plate. The fixing block is located above the annular belt and is configured to slide in the placement box along a first direction following the reciprocating vibration of the screening mechanism. A first shaft and a second shaft are provided at intervals on the side near the guide plate, with the second shaft located above the first shaft. Both the first pawl and the second pawl are rotatably connected to the first shaft and extend in opposite directions. They are located between two teeth and their edges abut against the two teeth respectively. The second pawl is located between the guide plate and the first pawl. The first elastic element is disposed on the second shaft and includes two spring pieces connected to the first pawl and the second pawl respectively. The limiting plate is disposed between the annular belt and the first shaft and is connected to the placement box. It includes two limiting pieces fixedly connected at their adjacent ends. The two limiting pieces are located below the two pawls respectively and extend in the opposite direction to the pawls above them.

[0009] In some embodiments, the unblocking mechanism further includes two gravity components located inside the placement box and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixing block. Each gravity component includes a receiving cylinder and a gravity block. Locking plates are slidably arranged on both sides of the cylinder wall of the receiving cylinder. The gravity block is disposed in the inner cavity of the receiving cylinder, located between the locking plates and the fixing block, and connected to the fixing block through a connecting rod. A second elastic element is provided on the connecting rod. The two locking plates are configured to move in a direction that approaches each other to extend into the inner cavity of the receiving cylinder to lock the gravity block, or to move in a direction that moves away from each other to move out of the inner cavity of the receiving cylinder to unlock the gravity block.

[0010] In some embodiments, each gravity component further includes two locking parts, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the receiving cylinder and connected by a locking frame. The locking frame is slidably disposed in the placement box. Each locking part includes a first locking pin and a second locking pin. The two locking pins are provided with parallel inclined surfaces on their adjacent sides. A pin hole is provided on the locking plate, and the inclined surface of the first locking pin is slidably disposed in the pin hole.

[0011] In some embodiments, the four locking parts in the two gravity components are connected by a locking frame, and locking claws are connected to both sides of the locking frame; two locking teeth are spaced apart on the annular belt, and the two locking teeth are used to move with the annular belt to press against the opposite sides of the two locking claws respectively.

[0012] In some embodiments, the wheat breeding and selection device further includes a drive element for driving the screening mechanism to reciprocate along a first direction.

[0013] In some embodiments, the upper and lower screens are set at an angle of 1° to 10° relative to the ground.

[0014] In some embodiments, the wheat breeding and seed selection device further includes a feed pipe, a conveyor belt, a leveling plate, a blowing element, a collecting plate, and a collecting box. The feed pipe is located above the frame; the conveyor belt is located inside the frame and below the feed pipe; the leveling plate is located above the end of the conveyor belt, and multiple leveling rods are spaced apart on the bottom surface of the plate. The conveyor belt transports the seeds to the leveling plate, which is used to make the seeds fall evenly; the blowing element is located below the leveling plate, and the falling seeds fall into the upper screen after preliminary screening by the blowing element; the collecting plate is spaced apart on the air outlet side of the blowing element; and the collecting box is located below the screening mechanism.

[0015] The second aspect of this application provides a method of using a wheat breeding and selection device, applicable to the wheat breeding and selection device in any of the above embodiments, the method of use including: When the wheat breeding and selection device is started, the screening mechanism vibrates back and forth along the first direction. The screening mechanism includes an upper screen and a lower screen that are spaced apart. The unblocking plate in the unblocking mechanism moves in a serpentine manner along the first direction following the reciprocating vibration of the lower screen. Multiple unblocking rods are spaced apart on the unblocking plate. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular. After the seeds enter the frame, they first fall into the upper screen. Large impurities in the seeds are blocked by the upper screen and gradually screened out by the vibration of the upper screen. The remaining seeds fall through the mesh of the upper screen to the lower screen. Plump seeds are blocked by the lower screen and gradually screened out by the vibration of the lower screen. The remaining unqualified seeds fall through the mesh of the lower screen. The serpentine movement path of the drain cleaning plate includes multiple staggered peaks and troughs. One peak and one trough constitute one cleaning stroke of the drain cleaning plate. As it moves from the trough to the peak, the drain cleaning rod gradually moves upward along the slope to lift the seeds or debris blocking the upper mesh, achieving precise unblocking of the upper mesh. As it moves from the peak to the trough, the drain cleaning rod gradually moves downward along the slope to exit the mesh that has been cleared, preparing for the next cleaning.

[0016] In this embodiment, by the bidirectional reciprocating movement of the unblocking plate along the first direction, multiple unblocking rods can automatically and accurately align with each row of mesh openings and move up and down to unblock and clean each row of mesh openings, pushing out the seeds embedded in the mesh openings and removing residual fragments and impurities. This achieves automatic and precise unblocking of the mesh openings of the lower screen, reducing the probability of the lower screen becoming stuck and blocked, reducing the probability of mesh opening blockage leading to missed screening and cross-contamination, ensuring the effective screening area of ​​the lower screen, improving the screening continuity of the lower screen and the seed selection efficiency of the seed selection device; it can also reduce the risk of mixing of different batches of seeds, ensure the isolation of different strains and batches of seeds in breeding experiments, improve the independence, grading purity and experimental data accuracy of breeding experiments, and meet the stringent requirements of breeding selection for seed grading accuracy and batch isolation; and it can be unblocked and cleaned without stopping the machine for manual cleaning or disassembling the lower screen, which can improve the application convenience of the seed selection device and the screening continuity and stability. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wheat breeding and selection device in one embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wheat breeding and selection device in one embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a wheat breeding and selection device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a wheat breeding and selection device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the lower screen and the unblocking mechanism in one embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a bottom view showing the connection between the lower screen and the unblocking mechanism in one embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the unblocking mechanism in one state of an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the unblocking mechanism in another state according to one embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the unblocking plate and the annular belt in one embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a partial structural diagram of the unblocking mechanism in one embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 11 This is a partial structural diagram of the unblocking mechanism in one embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 12 This is a partial structural diagram of the unblocking mechanism in another embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 13 This is a partial structural diagram of the unblocking mechanism in another embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the gravity component in one embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 15 This is an exploded view of the gravity component in one embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the locking part and the locking frame in one embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing block in one embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 18 This is a bottom view of the fixing block in one embodiment of this application.

[0035] The labels in the attached diagram are as follows: 1-Frame, 101-First inlet, 102-Second inlet, 103-Third inlet, 11-Feed pipe, 12-Conveyor belt, 13-Easing plate, 131-Easing rod, 14-Blowing component, 15-Collection plate, 16-Collection box, 2-Screening mechanism, 21-Upper screen, 22-Lower screen, 23-Connecting frame, 24-Third elastic component, 3-Unblocking mechanism, 31-Unblocking plate, 311-Unblocking rod, 312-Sliding rod, 32-Placement box, 33-Guide plate, 331-Guide groove, 34-Annular belt, 341-Sliding plate, 3 42-Sliding groove, 343-Clamping tooth, 344-Locking tooth, 35-Fixing block, 351-First shaft, 352-Second shaft, 353-First pawl, 354-Second pawl, 36-First elastic element, 361-Spring piece, 37-Limiting plate, 371-Limiting piece, 4-Gravity component, 41-Accommodating cylinder, 42-Locking piece, 421-Pin hole, 43-Gravity block, 44-Connecting rod, 45-Second elastic element, 46-Locking part, 461-First locking pin, 462-Second locking pin, 47-Locking frame, 48-Locking claw, 5-Driver. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings. However, this application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this application.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the specification of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0038] When using the terms “including,” “having,” and “comprising” as described herein, another component may be added unless explicitly qualifying terms such as “only,” “consisting of,” etc. are used. Unless otherwise stated, singular terms may include plural forms and should not be construed as having a quantity of one.

[0039] It should be understood that although the terms “first,” “second,” etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, a first element may be referred to as a second element, and similarly, a second element may be referred to as a first element.

[0040] It should also be understood that, in interpreting an element, although not explicitly described, the element is interpreted as including a range of error, which should be within the acceptable deviation range of a particular value as determined by a person skilled in the art. For example, "approximately," "about," or "substantially" can mean within one or more standard deviations, without limitation herein.

[0041] Furthermore, the accompanying drawings are not drawn to a 1:1 scale, and the relative dimensions of the components are shown in the drawings only as examples and not necessarily to actual scale.

[0042] This invention provides a wheat breeding and seed selection device and its usage method, which aims to improve the internal screening mechanism 2. By using the unblocking mechanism 3, the device achieves automatic and precise unblocking of the screen mesh, reducing the probability of screen blockage without manual intervention. This reduces the probability of screen leakage and cross-contamination caused by mesh blockage, improving screening continuity and seed selection efficiency. It also reduces the risk of mixing between different batches of seeds, ensuring the isolation of different strains and batches of seeds in breeding experiments, and improving grading purity and experimental data accuracy.

[0043] An embodiment of the first aspect of this application provides a wheat breeding and selection device, hereinafter referred to as the selection device, such as... Figures 1 to 18 As shown, the seed selection device includes a frame 1, a screening mechanism 2, and a clearing mechanism 3. The screening mechanism 2 is located inside the frame 1 and is configured to reciprocate along a first direction. It includes an upper screen 21 and a lower screen 22 spaced apart, with the mesh size of the lower screen 22 being smaller than that of the upper screen 21. The clearing mechanism 3 is connected to the lower screen 22 and includes a clearing plate 31 extending along a second direction. Multiple clearing rods 311 are spaced apart on the clearing plate 31 and extend along a third direction. The clearing plate 31 is configured to move in a serpentine, wavy, or sinusoidal shape along the first direction. The first, second, and third directions are perpendicular to each other, and the third direction is perpendicular to the ground.

[0044] In this embodiment, the screening mechanism 2 further includes a connecting frame 23, which connects two screens. Multiple buffer springs are evenly and spaced between the back of the connecting frame 23 and the frame 1, improving the vibration stability of the screening mechanism 2. The selection device also includes a drive component 5, which is located within the frame 1. The drive component 5 can be a vibrating motor. An adjustable eccentric block mounted on the rotor shaft of the vibrating motor abuts against the connecting frame 23. The vibrating motor drives the connecting frame 23 to reciprocate, thereby driving the screening mechanism 2 to reciprocate along a first direction. The frame 1 has a first opening 101 and a second opening 102. The first opening 101 is connected to the upper screen 21, and the second opening 102 is connected to the lower screen 22. The connecting frame 23 is located on the side of the lower screen 22 away from the second opening 102. Both the first opening 101 and the second opening 102 are connected to an outer collection bag or collection box.

[0045] In this embodiment, when the seed selection device is working, the seeds first fall into the upper screen 21 after entering the frame 1. Larger impurities such as heavier stones and clods of soil are blocked by the upper screen 21 and gradually conveyed to the first port 101 after vibration of the upper screen 21, and then removed from the frame 1. The remaining seeds fall through the mesh of the upper screen 21 to the lower screen 22. Plump seeds (normal-sized seeds) are blocked and collected by the lower screen 22 and gradually conveyed to the second port 102 after vibration of the lower screen 22, and then removed from the frame 1. The remaining shriveled, damaged, and poorly developed unqualified seeds fall through the mesh of the lower screen 22 to the lower collection box 16.

[0046] In this embodiment, the lower screen 22 has multiple rows of mesh holes at equal intervals. Each row of mesh holes includes multiple mesh holes arranged at equal intervals. The number and spacing of the multiple unblocking rods 311 correspond to the number and spacing of the multiple mesh holes in each row. The moving path of the unblocking plate 31 includes multiple staggered peaks and troughs. One peak and one trough constitute one unblocking stroke of the unblocking plate 31.

[0047] In this embodiment, when the seed selection device is in its initial state, the unblocking plate 31 is located below the first row of mesh holes and at the crest of the wave, and the multiple unblocking rods 311 are respectively placed in the center of the multiple mesh holes in the first row. During the vibration of the lower screen 22, the unblocking plate 31 first follows the vibration of the lower screen 22 and moves to the right in a serpentine manner along the first direction. For each vibration of the lower screen 22, the unblocking plate 31 moves one unblocking stroke, moving from one crest to an adjacent crest, and the multiple unblocking rods 311 move from the center of the first row of mesh holes to the center of the second row of mesh holes.

[0048] Specifically, as the device moves from the trough to the crest, the unblocking rod 311 gradually moves upward to lift the seeds or small particles blocking the corresponding mesh openings, achieving precise unblocking of the second row of mesh openings. As the device moves from the crest to the trough, the unblocking rod 311 gradually moves downward to exit the unblocked mesh openings, preparing for the next unblocking operation. When the unblocking plate 31 moves from the side where the connecting frame 23 is located to the side where the second opening 102 is located, it performs an unblocking operation on the entire lower screen 22, completing one leftward movement stroke, which includes multiple unblocking strokes. Then, the unblocking plate 31 is driven to move to the left in the opposite direction, from the side where the second opening 102 is located to the side where the connecting frame 23 is located, performing another unblocking operation on the entire lower screen 22, completing one rightward movement stroke, which also includes multiple unblocking strokes. One leftward movement stroke and one rightward movement stroke together constitute one reciprocating movement stroke of the unblocking plate 31. The seed selection device includes multiple reciprocating movements during operation, thereby achieving reciprocating unblocking of the lower screen 22.

[0049] In this embodiment, by the bidirectional reciprocating movement of the unblocking plate 31 along the first direction, multiple unblocking rods 311 can automatically and accurately align with each row of mesh openings and move up and down to unblock and clean each row of mesh openings, pushing out the seeds embedded in the mesh openings and removing residual fragments and impurities inside the mesh openings. This achieves automatic and precise unblocking of the mesh openings of the lower screen 22, reducing the probability of the lower screen 22 becoming stuck or blocked, reducing the probability of mesh opening blockage leading to missed screening or cross-contamination, ensuring the effective screening area of ​​the lower screen 22, improving the screening continuity of the lower screen 22 and the seed selection efficiency of the seed selection device; it can also reduce the risk of mixing of different batches of seeds, ensure the isolation of different strains and batches of seeds in breeding experiments, improve the independence, grading purity and experimental data accuracy of breeding experiments, and meet the stringent requirements of breeding selection for seed grading accuracy and batch isolation; and it can be unblocked and cleaned without stopping the machine for manual cleaning or manually disassembling the lower screen 22, which can improve the application convenience and screening continuity and stability of the seed selection device.

[0050] In this embodiment, the upper end of the unblocking rod 311 can be provided with a flexible head in the shape of an arc. The material of the flexible head includes, but is not limited to, plastic or silicone. Compared with manually cleaning the screen using tools such as brushes and metal needles, the unblocking rod 311 can automatically unblock and clean the screen, which can take into account both the unblocking effect and seed protection. It can not only accurately target individual mesh holes for unblocking and improve the efficiency of screen unblocking and cleaning, but the flexible head can also reduce the probability of scratching or puncturing seeds during the unblocking and cleaning process, reduce damage to seeds, ensure seed integrity and activity, and reduce the probability of wasting germplasm resources.

[0051] In some embodiments, the unblocking mechanism 3 further includes a placement box 32, a guide plate 33, and an annular belt 34. The placement box 32 is connected to the side of the lower screen 22. The guide plate 33 is disposed below the lower screen 22 and is fixedly connected to the placement box 32. A guide groove 331 extending uniformly in a serpentine manner along a first direction is provided on the plate. The annular belt 34 is configured to move circumferentially within the placement box 32. A sliding plate 341 is fixedly connected to the side near the guide plate 33. A sliding groove 342 extending along a third direction is provided on the sliding plate 341. A sliding rod 312 is provided at one end of the unblocking plate 31. The sliding rod 312 passes through the guide groove 331 and engages with and slides with the sliding groove 342.

[0052] In this embodiment, the guide plate 33 is set perpendicular to the ground, and the guide groove 331 includes multiple staggered peaks and troughs, with one peak and one trough forming one unblocking stroke of the unblocking plate 31. When the moving ring moves to the right along the first direction, it drives the sliding plate 341 and the sliding rod 312 to move in the same direction and synchronously. Under the combined action of the sliding groove 342 and the guide groove 331, the sliding rod 312 moves up and down in the sliding groove 342 while moving to the right, and moves serpentinely along the extension path of the guide groove 331, thereby driving the unblocking plate 31 to move serpentinely, realizing the unblocking and cleaning of the lower screen 22.

[0053] In some embodiments, the upper surface of the annular belt 34 is provided with a plurality of teeth 343 spaced apart. The unblocking mechanism 3 further includes a fixing block 35, a first pawl 353, a second pawl 354, a first elastic element 36, and a limiting plate 37. The fixing block 35 is located above the annular belt 34 and is configured to slide along a first direction within the placement box 32 following the reciprocating vibration of the screening mechanism 2. A first shaft 351 and a second shaft 352 are spaced apart on the side near the guide plate 33, with the second shaft 352 located above the first shaft 351. Both the first pawl 353 and the second pawl 354 are rotatably connected to the first shaft 351 and extend in the direction of rotation. Conversely, the two are located between the two teeth 343 and their edges abut against the two teeth 343 respectively. The second pawl 354 is located between the guide plate 33 and the first pawl 353. The first elastic member 36 is disposed on the second shaft 352 and includes two spring pieces 361, which are respectively connected to the first pawl 353 and the second pawl 354. The limiting plate 37 is disposed between the annular belt 34 and the first shaft 351 and is connected to the placement box 32. It includes two limiting pieces 371 that are fixedly connected at their close ends. The two limiting pieces 371 are respectively located below the two pawls and extend in the opposite direction to the pawls above them.

[0054] In this embodiment, the spacing between adjacent teeth 343 corresponds to the spacing between two adjacent rows of mesh holes on the lower screen 22. Both the first pawl 353 and the second pawl 354 are unidirectional rotating pawls, but their rotational directions are opposite. The spring piece 361 is made of spring steel or stainless steel.

[0055] In some embodiments, the unblocking mechanism 3 further includes two gravity components 4, which are located inside the placement box 32 and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixing block 35. Each gravity component 4 includes a receiving cylinder 41 and a gravity block 43. Locking pieces 42 are slidably arranged on both sides of the cylinder wall of the receiving cylinder 41, and the locking pieces 42 extend in a third direction. The gravity block 43 is disposed in the inner cavity of the receiving cylinder 41, between the locking pieces 42 and the fixing block 35. The gravity block 43 is fixedly connected to the fixing block 35 through a connecting rod 44, and a second elastic element 45 is provided on the connecting rod 44. The two locking pieces 42 are configured to move in a direction that approaches each other to extend into the inner cavity of the receiving cylinder 41 to lock the gravity block 43, or to move in a direction that moves away from each other to move out of the inner cavity of the receiving cylinder 41 to unlock the gravity block 43.

[0056] In this embodiment, the receiving cylinder 41 is a cuboid cylinder with a cuboid inner cavity, and its bottom surface is fixedly connected to the placement box 32. Each receiving cylinder 41 has a limiting ring in its inner cavity, located on the side of the gravity block 43 near the connecting rod 44, used to limit the gravity block 43. A second elastic element 45 is located between the limiting ring and the fixing block 35, with its two ends connected to the limiting ring and the fixing block 35 respectively; the second elastic element 45 can be a helical spring, made of spring steel or stainless steel. The gravity block 43 can be a cube or a cuboid.

[0057] In some embodiments, each gravity component 4 further includes two locking parts 46, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the receiving cylinder 41 and connected by a locking frame 47. The locking frame 47 is slidably disposed in the placement box 32. Each locking part 46 includes a first locking pin 461 and a second locking pin 462. The two locking pins are provided with parallel inclined surfaces on their adjacent sides. A pin hole 421 is provided on the locking piece 42, and the inclined surface of the first locking pin 461 is slidably disposed in the pin hole 421.

[0058] In this embodiment, a slider is provided below the locking frame 47, and a corresponding groove is provided in the inner cavity of the placement box 32. The slider and the groove are slidably connected, realizing the sliding connection between the locking frame 47 and the placement box 32. Along the second direction, the opposite sides of the two locking pieces 42 are arc surfaces. These arc surfaces are used to abut against the inclined surface of the second locking pin 462, which can improve the smoothness of the two second locking pins 462 driving the two locking pieces 42 to slide.

[0059] In some embodiments, the four locking parts 46 in the two gravity components 4 are connected by a locking frame 47, and the locking frame 47 is connected to both sides of a locking claw 48; two locking teeth 344 are spaced apart on the annular belt 34, and a plurality of locking teeth 343 are located between the two locking teeth 344. The two locking teeth 344 are used to follow the movement of the annular belt 34 to press against the opposite sides of the two locking claws 48 respectively.

[0060] In this embodiment, the two locking teeth 344 respectively include a left locking tooth 344 and a right locking tooth 344 located on the left and right sides of the plurality of locking teeth 343. The connecting rod 44, the second elastic member 45, the fixing block 35, the receiving cylinder 41, the limiting ring, the locking claw 48, the locking piece 42, and the locking part 46 include a left connecting rod 44, a left second elastic member 45, a left fixing block 35, a left receiving cylinder 41, a left limiting ring, a left locking claw 48, a left locking piece 42, and a left locking part 46 located on the left side of the fixing block 35, and a right connecting rod 44, a right second elastic member 45, a right fixing block 35, a right receiving cylinder 41, a right limiting ring, a right locking claw 48, a right locking piece 42, and a right locking part 46 located on the right side of the fixing block 35.

[0061] In one example, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, when the seed selection device is in the initial state, the right locking tooth 344 tightly abuts against the right locking claw 48. Under the action of the two first locking pins 461 in the right locking part 46, the two right locking pieces 42 move in a direction away from each other, so that the right locking pieces 42 can remove the obstruction of the right gravity block 43.

[0062] When the lower screen 22 vibrates once and moves to the right, it causes the placement box 32 to move a certain distance to the right. Under the action of gravity, the two gravity blocks 43 move to the right synchronously, causing the fixed block 35 to move to the right by a preset distance (the distance between adjacent teeth 343). The second elastic element 45 on the left stretches, and the second elastic element 45 on the right compresses. The rightward movement of the fixed block 35 causes the first pawl 353 and the second pawl 354 to move to the right synchronously. The second pawl 354 causes the teeth 343 it abuts to move to the right, thereby causing the annular belt 34 and the guide plate 33 to move to the right synchronously, which in turn causes the unblocking plate 31 to move to the right by one unblocking stroke. The left limiting ring can limit the maximum rightward movement distance of the left gravity block 43, preventing the left gravity block 43 from moving out of the left receiving cylinder 41.

[0063] As the second pawl 354 moves to the right, under the resistance provided by the inner (closer to the fixed block 35) limiting piece 371, the first pawl 353 overcomes the elastic force provided by the upper spring piece 361, moves to the upper part of the inner limiting piece 371, and moves to the end of the inner limiting piece 371, but always remains above the inner limiting piece 371.

[0064] In this embodiment, when the lower screen 22 vibrates once and moves to the left, it causes the placement box 32 to move a certain distance to the left. Under the action of gravity, the two gravity blocks 43 should move to the left synchronously. However, the movement of the left gravity block 43 is blocked by the two left locking pieces 42, so that after the fixed block 35 moves to the left and resets to its initial position, it cannot continue to move to the left. The fixed block 35, the right gravity block 43, the two pawls, and the two second elastic members 45 move to the left and reset under vibration to facilitate the next movement. The two second elastic members 45 can buffer the force and improve the working reliability of the gravity assembly 4.

[0065] When the fixed block 35 resets and moves to the left, the first pawl 353 moves synchronously to the left above the inner limiting piece 371. The inner limiting piece 371 prevents the leftward reset of the first pawl 353 from affecting the locking teeth 343 and the annular belt 34. After the first pawl 353 reaches its leftward position, under the elastic force provided by the upper spring piece 361, the first pawl 353 re-engages with the right side of the next locking tooth 343, achieving a position switch. When the second pawl 354 resets and passes the next locking tooth 343, it overcomes the elastic force provided by the upper spring piece 361 under the resistance provided by the locking tooth 343 and rotates upward, moving from the right side to the left side of the locking tooth 343. After reaching its position, it abuts with the left side of the locking tooth 343 under the elastic force provided by the upper spring piece 361.

[0066] In this embodiment, the lower screen 22 vibrates continuously. Under the action of the gravity component 4, the annular belt 34 gradually moves to the right, driving the unblocking plate 31 to move multiple unblocking strokes until the unblocking plate 31 moves to the rightmost side of the lower screen 22, completing one rightward stroke. Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown. At this time, the left locking tooth 344 moves to the left side of the left locking claw 48, closely abutting against the left locking claw 48 and driving it to move to the right. The left locking claw 48 drives the locking frame 47 and the four connected locking parts 46 to move to the right synchronously. The first locking pin 461 in the two left locking parts 46 moves to the right and continues to extend into the pin hole 421 of the left locking piece 42, driving the two left locking pieces 42 to move in opposite directions, releasing the position lock of the left gravity block 43; the first locking pin 461 in the two right locking parts 46 moves to the right and exits the pin hole 421 of the right locking piece 42, and the second locking pin 462 moves to the right, driving the two right locking pieces 42 to move in opposite directions under the action of the inclined plane, realizing the position lock of the right gravity block 43.

[0067] In this embodiment, the position of the two locking teeth 344 is adjusted by moving the annular belt 34, and the state of the gravity component 4 is adjusted by the two locking teeth 344 and the two locking claws 48, thereby adjusting the movable direction of the fixed block 35 and the moving direction of the unblocking rod 311.

[0068] In another example, when the lower screen 22 vibrates once and moves to the left, it causes the placement box 32 to move to the left by a certain distance. Under the action of gravity, the two gravity blocks 43 move to the left synchronously, causing the fixed block 35 to move to the left by a preset distance (the distance between adjacent teeth 343). The second elastic element 45 on the right side stretches, and the second elastic element 45 on the left side compresses. The leftward movement of the fixed block 35 causes the first pawl 353 and the second pawl 354 to move to the left synchronously. The first pawl 353 causes the teeth 343 it abuts to move to the left, thereby causing the annular belt 34 and the guide plate 33 to move to the left synchronously, which in turn causes the unblocking plate 31 to move to the left by one unblocking stroke. The right limit ring can limit the maximum leftward movement distance of the right gravity block 43, preventing the right gravity block 43 from moving out of the right receiving cylinder 41.

[0069] As the first pawl 353 moves to the left, under the resistance provided by the outer (the side further away from the fixed block 35) limiting piece 371, the second pawl 354 overcomes the elastic force provided by the upper spring piece 361, moves above the outer limiting piece 371, and moves to the end of the outer limiting piece 371, but always remains above the outer limiting piece 371.

[0070] In this embodiment, when the lower screen 22 vibrates once and moves to the right, it causes the placement box 32 to move a certain distance to the right. Under the action of gravity, the two gravity blocks 43 should move to the right synchronously. However, the movement of the right gravity block 43 is blocked by the two right locking pieces 42, so that after the fixed block 35 moves to the right and resets to the initial position, it cannot continue to move to the right. The fixed block 35, the left gravity block 43, the two pawls and the two second elastic elements 45 move to the right and reset under vibration, so as to facilitate the next movement.

[0071] When the fixed block 35 resets and moves to the right, the second pawl 354 moves synchronously to the right above the limiting piece 371. Blocked by the outer limiting piece 371, the rightward reset of the second pawl 354 avoids affecting the locking tooth 343 and the annular belt 34. After the second pawl 354 moves into position, under the elastic force provided by the upper spring piece 361, the second pawl 354 re-engages with the left side of the next locking tooth 343, achieving a position switch. When the first pawl 353 resets and passes the next locking tooth 343, it overcomes the elastic force provided by the upper spring piece 361 under the resistance provided by the locking tooth 343 and rotates upward, moving from the left side to the right side of the locking tooth 343. After moving into position, it abuts with the right side of the locking tooth 343 under the elastic force provided by the upper spring piece 361.

[0072] In this embodiment, the lower screen 22 vibrates continuously. Under the action of the gravity component 4, the annular belt 34 gradually moves to the left, driving the unblocking plate 31 to move multiple unblocking strokes until the unblocking plate 31 moves back to the leftmost side of the lower screen 22, completing one leftward stroke. One rightward stroke and one leftward stroke work together to form one serpentine reciprocating stroke of the unblocking plate 31 along the first direction. During the seed selection process, the unblocking plate 31 can complete multiple serpentine reciprocating strokes, thereby achieving back-and-forth unblocking of the lower screen 22 to improve the seed selection effect and efficiency.

[0073] In this embodiment, under the action of the gravity component 4, the reciprocating movement of the unblocking rod 311 is driven by the vibration of the lower screen 22 itself, which can achieve pure mechanical self-drive without the need to set up a motor or electrical control structure to provide additional power. It has the advantages of low energy consumption and strong adaptability.

[0074] In some embodiments, the upper screen 21 and the lower screen 22 are inclined at 1° to 10° relative to the ground, with the lower inclined side of the upper screen 21 connected to the first inlet 101 and the lower inclined side of the lower screen 22 connected to the second inlet 102. The inclined screen arrangement allows seeds or impurities to move continuously downwards along the screen surface by gravity, achieving continuous feeding and discharging without the need for additional pushing structures. Furthermore, in the inclined state, seeds naturally stratify, with fine particles sinking close to the screen and coarse materials floating upwards, resulting in better screening. This allows large particles and oversize material to be quickly discharged along the inclined surface, preventing seed blockage and accumulation.

[0075] In some embodiments, two unblocking mechanisms 3 are respectively provided on both sides of the lower screen 22, but only one unblocking plate 31 is included. The two unblocking mechanisms 3 synchronously drive the two ends of the unblocking plate 31 to move, which can make the two ends of the unblocking plate 31 bear force evenly and improve the movement stability of the unblocking plate 31.

[0076] In this embodiment, the unblocking plate 31 can also be inclined, with the inclination angle corresponding to the lower screen 22, to adapt to changes in the angle of the lower screen 22 and ensure the unblocking effect. The unblocking plate 31 may have its own inclined surface, or there may be a height difference between the two unblocking mechanisms 3, thereby achieving the inclined setting of the unblocking plate 31.

[0077] In some embodiments, the seed selection device further includes a feed pipe 11, a conveyor belt 12, a leveling plate 13, a blowing component 14, a collecting plate 15, and a collecting box 16. The feed pipe 11 is disposed above the frame 1, and the seeds enter the frame 1 from the feed pipe 11. The conveyor belt 12 is disposed inside the frame 1 and located below the feed pipe 11. The leveling plate 13 is disposed above the end of the conveyor belt 12, and a plurality of leveling rods 131 are evenly and spaced on the bottom surface of the plate. The conveyor belt 12 transports the seeds falling through the feed pipe 11 to the leveling plate 13, and the leveling plate 13 is used to make the seeds fall evenly.

[0078] In some embodiments, the blowing element 14 is positioned below the equalizing plate 13. After initial screening by the blowing element 14, the falling seeds fall onto the upper screen 21. Collection plates 15 are spaced apart on the air outlet side of the blowing element 14. Lighter impurities such as dust, husks, and debris mixed in with the seeds are blown out by the blowing element 14 and fall onto the collection plates 15. The collection plates 15 are inclined, and a third port 103 is connected to the lower inclined side. The third port 103 is also connected to an outer collection bag or collection box to facilitate the collection of screened impurities and prevent them from scattering and affecting the environment. A collection box 16 is positioned below the screening mechanism 2 to collect shriveled, damaged, or poorly developed unqualified seeds screened by the lower screen 22. The collection box 16 is also removed from the frame for cleaning.

[0079] The second aspect of this application provides a method of using a wheat breeding and selection device, applicable to the wheat breeding and selection device in any of the above embodiments, the method of use including: When the wheat breeding and selection device is started, the screening mechanism vibrates back and forth along the first direction. The screening mechanism includes an upper screen and a lower screen that are spaced apart. The unblocking plate in the unblocking mechanism moves in a serpentine manner along the first direction following the reciprocating vibration of the lower screen. Multiple unblocking rods are spaced apart on the unblocking plate. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular. After the seeds enter the frame, they first fall into the upper screen. Large impurities in the seeds are blocked by the upper screen and gradually screened out by the vibration of the upper screen. The remaining seeds fall through the mesh of the upper screen to the lower screen. Plump seeds are blocked by the lower screen and gradually screened out by the vibration of the lower screen. The remaining unqualified seeds fall through the mesh of the lower screen. The serpentine movement path of the drain cleaning plate includes multiple staggered peaks and troughs. One peak and one trough constitute one cleaning stroke of the drain cleaning plate. As it moves from the trough to the peak, the drain cleaning rod gradually moves upward along the slope to lift the seeds or debris blocking the upper mesh, achieving precise unblocking of the upper mesh. As it moves from the peak to the trough, the drain cleaning rod gradually moves downward along the slope to exit the mesh that has been cleared, preparing for the next cleaning.

[0080] In this embodiment, by the bidirectional reciprocating movement of the unblocking plate 31 along the first direction, multiple unblocking rods 311 can automatically and accurately align with each row of mesh openings and move up and down to unblock and clean each row of mesh openings, pushing out the seeds embedded in the mesh openings and removing residual fragments and impurities inside the mesh openings. This achieves automatic and precise unblocking of the mesh openings of the lower screen 22, reducing the probability of the lower screen 22 becoming stuck or blocked, reducing the probability of mesh opening blockage leading to missed screening or cross-contamination, ensuring the effective screening area of ​​the lower screen 22, improving the screening continuity of the lower screen 22 and the seed selection efficiency of the seed selection device; it can also reduce the risk of mixing of different batches of seeds, ensure the isolation of different strains and batches of seeds in breeding experiments, improve the independence, grading purity and experimental data accuracy of breeding experiments, and meet the stringent requirements of breeding selection for seed grading accuracy and batch isolation; and it can be unblocked and cleaned without stopping the machine for manual cleaning or manually disassembling the lower screen 22, which can improve the application convenience and screening continuity and stability of the seed selection device.

[0081] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0082] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A wheat breeding and selection device, characterized in that, include: Rack (1); The screening mechanism (2) is set inside the frame (1) and is configured to reciprocate along a first direction. It includes an upper screen (21) and a lower screen (22) arranged at intervals. The mesh size of the lower screen (22) is smaller than that of the upper screen (21). The unblocking mechanism (3) is connected to the lower screen (22) and includes an unblocking plate (31) extending in a second direction. Multiple unblocking rods (311) are spaced apart on the unblocking plate (31). The unblocking plate (31) is configured to move in a serpentine manner in a first direction, which is perpendicular to the second direction.

2. The wheat breeding and selection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dredging mechanism (3) also includes: The placement box (32) is connected to the side of the lower screen (22); The guide plate (33) is located below the lower screen (22) and connected to the placement box (32). The plate has a guide groove (331) extending in a serpentine manner along the first direction. The annular belt (34) is configured to move in a circular loop within the placement box (32). A sliding plate (341) is connected to the side near the guide plate (33). A sliding groove (342) extending along a third direction is provided on the sliding plate (341). A sliding rod (312) is provided at one end of the unblocking plate (31). The sliding rod (312) passes through the guide groove (331) and engages with and slides with the sliding groove (342). The third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction.

3. The wheat breeding and selection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper surface of the annular belt (34) is provided with multiple teeth (343) at intervals, and the unblocking mechanism (3) also includes: The fixed block (35) is located above the annular belt (34) and is configured to slide in the first direction in the placement box (32) following the reciprocating vibration of the screening mechanism (2). A first shaft (351) and a second shaft (352) are spaced apart on the side near the guide plate (33), with the second shaft (352) located above the first shaft (351). The first pawl (353) and the second pawl (354) are both rotatably connected to the first shaft (351) and extend in opposite directions. They are located between two locking teeth (343) and their edges abut against the two locking teeth (343) respectively. The second pawl (354) is located between the guide plate (33) and the first pawl (353). The first elastic element (36) is disposed on the second shaft (352) and includes two spring pieces (361) respectively connected to two pawls. The limiting plate (37) is disposed between the annular belt (34) and the first shaft (351) and connected to the placement box (32), including two limiting pieces (371) fixedly connected at their adjacent ends. The two limiting pieces (371) are respectively located below the two pawls and extend in the opposite direction to the pawls above them.

4. The wheat breeding and selection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The unblocking mechanism (3) also includes two gravity components (4), which are located inside the placement box (32) and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixing block (35). Each gravity component (4) includes: The receiving cylinder (41) has locking pieces (42) slidably provided on both sides of the cylinder wall; The gravity block (43) is located in the inner cavity of the accommodating cylinder (41) between the locking piece (42) and the fixing block (35), and is connected to the fixing block (35) through the connecting rod (44). The connecting rod (44) is provided with a second elastic element (45). The two locking pieces (42) are configured to move in a direction that approaches each other to extend into the cavity of the receiving tube (41) to lock the gravity block (43), or to move in a direction that moves away from each other to move out of the cavity of the receiving tube (41) to unlock the gravity block (43).

5. The wheat breeding and selection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each gravity component (4) also includes two locking parts (46). The two locking parts (46) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the receiving tube (41) and connected by a locking frame (47). The locking frame (47) is slidably arranged in the placement box (32). Each locking part (46) includes a first locking pin (461) and a second locking pin (462). The two locking pins are provided with parallel inclined surfaces on the side that is close to each other. A pin hole (421) is provided on the locking plate (42). The inclined surface of the first locking pin (461) is slidably arranged in the pin hole (421).

6. The wheat breeding and selection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The four locking parts (46) in the two gravity components (4) are connected by locking frames (47), and locking claws (48) are connected to both sides of the locking frames (47). Two locking teeth (344) are provided at intervals on the annular belt (34). The two locking teeth (344) are used to follow the movement of the annular belt (34) to press against the opposite sides of the two locking claws (48).

7. The wheat breeding and selection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a drive component (5), which is used to drive the screening mechanism (2) to reciprocate along a first direction.

8. The wheat breeding and selection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper screen (21) and the lower screen (22) are set at an angle of 1° to 10° relative to the ground.

9. The wheat breeding and selection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The feed pipe (11) is located above the frame (1); The conveyor belt (12) is located inside the frame (1) and below the feed pipe (11); A spreading plate (13) is set above the end of the conveyor belt (12). Multiple spreading rods (131) are spaced apart on the bottom surface of the plate. The conveyor belt (12) transports the seeds to the spreading plate (13). The spreading plate (13) is used to make the seeds fall evenly. The blowing component (14) is set below the mixing plate (13). After the falling seeds are initially screened by the blowing component (14), they fall into the upper sieve (21). Collection plates (15) are spaced apart on the air outlet side of the purging component (14); The collection box (16) is located below the screening mechanism (2).

10. A method of using a wheat breeding and selection device, characterized in that, The method of using the wheat breeding and selection device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 includes: When the wheat breeding and selection device is started, the screening mechanism vibrates back and forth along the first direction. The screening mechanism includes an upper screen and a lower screen that are spaced apart. The unblocking plate in the unblocking mechanism moves in a serpentine manner along the first direction following the reciprocating vibration of the lower screen. Multiple unblocking rods are spaced apart on the unblocking plate. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular. After the seeds enter the frame, they first fall into the upper screen. Large impurities in the seeds are blocked by the upper screen and gradually screened out by the vibration of the upper screen. The remaining seeds fall through the mesh of the upper screen to the lower screen. Plump seeds are blocked by the lower screen and gradually screened out by the vibration of the lower screen. The remaining unqualified seeds fall through the mesh of the lower screen. The serpentine movement path of the drain cleaning plate includes multiple staggered peaks and troughs. One peak and one trough constitute one cleaning stroke of the drain cleaning plate. As it moves from the trough to the peak, the drain cleaning rod gradually moves upward along the slope to lift the seeds or debris blocking the upper mesh, achieving precise unblocking of the upper mesh. As it moves from the peak to the trough, the drain cleaning rod gradually moves downward along the slope to exit the mesh that has been cleared, preparing for the next cleaning.

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