A metal casting hot shock sand cleaning apparatus and method

Abstract

The application discloses a metal casting thermal shock sand cleaning equipment and method, and relates to the field of metal casting forming. The equipment comprises a sand cleaning box and a digital display controller. The sand cleaning box is internally provided with a liftable supporting plate, and the sand cleaning box is internally provided with a supporting structure for driving the supporting plate to elastically rise. Four notch grooves are formed in the supporting plate, and each notch groove is provided with an adjusting sleeve. The upper cover plate is driven to move downwards and abut against the surface of the metal casting through the contraction of a hydraulic cylinder, and then a vibrator is started. The vibration generated by the vibrator is transmitted to the surface of the metal casting through the upper cover plate to shake off a part of the adhered sand. After the metal casting is submerged into water at a set rate, water seeps into the casting and is instantaneously vaporized after contacting the high-temperature sand mold, thereby generating a violent explosion shock wave to again collapse the mold sand and core sand. After the metal casting is completely submerged into water, the vibrator is still kept on, so that the double effects of water explosion and mechanical vibration can be realized, and the sand cleaning effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal casting forming technology, specifically to a thermal shock sand removal device and method for metal castings. Background Technology

[0002] Sand casting is a metal forming process that produces castings in sand molds. Liquid metal is poured into the cavity of the sand mold, and after cooling and solidification, a metal part blank is obtained. This process is applicable to steel, iron, and most non-ferrous alloys, and can manufacture castings with complex shapes and internal cavity structures. It is characterized by its high adaptability and low cost.

[0003] Thermal shock refers to the rapid heating or cooling of an object, causing a large amount of heat exchange within a short period of time and resulting in a drastic temperature change. When this occurs, the object experiences impact thermal stress. To remove adhering sand from the surface of metal castings, a water-blasting method is often used. This involves quickly immersing the high-temperature, sand-laden casting in a water tank. The water seeps into the casting and vaporizes instantly upon contact with the high-temperature sand mold, generating a violent explosive shock wave that dislodges the molding sand and core sand. However, this method has the following drawbacks in practical applications: 1. Currently, thermal shock is used to remove sand after castings are immersed in water. However, water-blast shock waves alone are insufficient to effectively remove stubborn sand adhering to the inside of the castings and blind holes, resulting in poor sand removal effect. 2. When using clamps to control the immersion of metal castings in water, the two are in rigid contact, causing local stress concentration and forming local compressive stress at the clamping point. This can easily lead to damage to the metal castings during the water-blast sand removal process. In addition, the metal castings are not easy to remove after water-blast sand removal in the container, making it impractical. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a thermal shock cleaning device and method for metal castings to solve the above-mentioned problems, as detailed below.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The present invention provides a metal casting thermal shock sand removal device, including a sand removal box and a digital display controller. The sand removal box is provided with a liftable tray and a support structure for elastically raising the tray. The tray has four notches, each notch is provided with an adjusting sleeve, and the notch is provided with a plug-in fixing member for adjusting the position and rotating the adjusting sleeve. A limiting side rod is slidably sleeved in the adjusting sleeve, and an elastic striking member acting on the surface of the casting is provided on the inner side of each limiting side rod. The pallet is provided with an upper cover plate, and the upper cover plate is provided with a vibrator for driving it to vibrate. A hydraulic cylinder for driving the upper cover plate to rise and fall is installed on one side of the sand cleaning box, and the upper cover plate is rotatably connected to the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder. The four side walls of the sand cleaning box are provided with a limiting structure that drives the limiting side rod to rotate as the pallet moves down. The digital display controller is electrically connected to the hydraulic cylinder and the vibrator.

[0006] Preferably, the supporting structure includes uprights at the four corners of the sand cleaning box, and extension rods at the four corners of the support plate. Each extension rod has a sliding sleeve at its end that is fitted with the upright. A spring is fitted on the upright and is located between the sliding sleeve and the bottom of the sand cleaning box.

[0007] Preferably, the plug-in fastener includes T-shaped plugs rotatably connected to both sides of the adjusting sleeve. Both sides of the notch are provided with T-shaped slots adapted to the plug-in of the T-shaped plugs. The adjusting sleeve is provided with protrusions, and the T-shaped plugs are provided with arc-shaped movable grooves for restricting the adjusting sleeve from rotating 90 degrees.

[0008] Preferably, a bolt is rotatably provided on the T-shaped insert, and a bolt hole is provided at the bottom of the T-shaped slot for threaded connection with the bolt.

[0009] Preferably, the elastic striking component includes several striking plates, each striking plate is provided with two connecting rods, the limiting side rod is provided with a sleeve that fits onto the connecting rods, and a spring is connected between the connecting rods and the inner bottom of the sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, the adjusting sleeve has a through groove for the sleeve to move, and the end of the limiting side rod is provided with a counterweight. The other end of the limiting side rod is provided with a connecting rod that matches the upper cover plate. The upper cover plate has four connecting grooves that match the size and position of the notch, and the limiting side rod matches them.

[0011] Preferably, the limiting structure includes a T-shaped rod located at the upper end of the four side walls of the sand cleaning box. The T-shaped rod is adapted to the position of the notch groove. A T-shaped groove is provided on the side wall of the sand cleaning box for the T-shaped rod to slide. A bolt sleeve is provided below the T-shaped groove. A bolt is threadedly connected to the bolt sleeve. A number of positioning holes are provided on the T-shaped rod to be adapted to the bolt.

[0012] Preferably, the inner wall of the sand cleaning box is provided with a heating element, the digital display controller integrates a temperature controller and is electrically connected to the heating element to control its temperature, the inner bottom of the sand cleaning box is designed as an inverted cone, and a drain pipe is provided at the bottom end, on which a valve is installed.

[0013] Preferably, each of the extension rods is provided with a second upright rod, and each of the four corners of the upper cover plate is provided with a second sliding sleeve fitted with the second upright rod, and the lower end of the second sliding sleeve is flared. The upper cover plate is provided with a cross-shaped reinforcing plate, and the cross-shaped reinforcing plate is rotatably connected to the end of the hydraulic cylinder through a crossbeam rod, and the vibrator is mounted on the cross-shaped reinforcing plate.

[0014] A method for removing sand from metal castings by thermal shock includes the following steps: S1. First, fill the sand cleaning box with water. Control the heating temperature of the heating element with a digital display controller according to the seasonal ambient temperature. Set the water temperature to 30℃ in summer and 50℃ in winter. Adjust and fix the position of the T-shaped insert in the notch groove according to the outer dimensions of the metal casting. At this time, the limit side rod is set horizontally in the notch groove. Then, adjust and fix the position of the T-shaped rod according to the rotation point of the adjusting sleeve. S2. Then, the metal casting is hoisted onto the surface of the pallet and separated from it using a lifting device. Under the weight of the metal casting, the pallet is driven to move down locally against the spring force. Then, the upper cover plate is rotated to the top of the pallet. The upper cover plate is moved down by the retraction of the hydraulic cylinder, so that the sliding sleeve two and the upright two slide against each other until the upper cover plate abuts against the surface of the metal casting. Then, the vibrator is turned on. S3. The vibration generated by the vibrator is transmitted to the surface of the metal casting through the upper cover plate for pre-sand removal. This shakes off some of the attached sand on the surface of the metal casting. As the hydraulic cylinder continues to contract, it can drive the metal casting located on the surface of the support plate into the water at a set rate. After the water seeps into the casting and comes into contact with the high-temperature sand mold, it vaporizes instantly, generating a violent explosion shock wave, which then causes the molding sand and core sand to collapse again. The vibrator remains on after the metal casting is completely submerged in water, which can achieve the dual effects of water explosion and mechanical vibration, thus improving the sand removal effect. S4. As the limiting side rod continues to move downward, due to the restriction at the end of the T-shaped rod, the limiting side rod is driven to gradually rotate to a vertical position. During the rotation, due to the design of the counterweight block, the limiting side rod can be driven to move downward in the adjusting sleeve. Here, damping can be designed in the adjusting sleeve to make the limiting side rod move downward slowly, so that the downward movement speed of the limiting side rod is slower than the retraction speed of the hydraulic cylinder. At this time, the limiting side rod can rotate into the connecting groove opened in the upper cover plate, and the connecting rod is erected above the connecting groove to realize the vertical limiting of the limiting side rod. S5. When the limiting side rod is in a vertical state, part of the knocking plate abuts against the surface of the metal casting and causes the connecting rod to retract a certain distance against the elastic force of the second spring. When an explosive shock wave is generated on the surface of the metal casting, it pushes the knocking plate to retract elastically, thereby causing the knocking plate to collide with the metal casting around the perimeter at a high frequency, further improving the sand removal and shaking effect.

[0015] The beneficial effects are: 1. The hydraulic cylinder retracts, causing the upper cover plate to move downwards and come into contact with the surface of the metal casting, after which the vibrator is activated. The vibration generated by the vibrator is transmitted to the surface of the metal casting through the upper cover plate, shaking off some of the attached sand. After the metal casting is submerged in water at a set rate, the water seeps into the casting and vaporizes instantly upon contact with the high-temperature sand mold, generating a violent explosive shock wave, which again dislodges the molding sand and core sand. The vibrator remains on even after the metal casting is completely submerged in water, achieving the dual effects of water explosion and mechanical vibration, thus improving the sand removal effect.

[0016] 2. The counterweight can automatically move the limiting side rod down in the adjusting sleeve by gravity. When the limiting side rod rotates into the connecting groove on the upper cover plate, as the limiting side rod continues to move down, the connecting rod is erected above the connecting groove, realizing the vertical limitation of the limiting side rod. Then, part of the knocking plate abuts against the surface of the metal casting, restricting the position of the metal casting around its perimeter, and causing the connecting rod to overcome the elastic force of the second spring and retract a certain distance. When an explosive shock wave is generated on the surface of the metal casting, it pushes the knocking plate to retract elastically, thereby causing the knocking plate to collide with the metal casting around its perimeter at high frequency and multiple times, further improving the sand removal and shaking effect.

[0017] 3. The metal casting is hoisted onto the pallet surface and separated from it using a lifting device. Under the weight of the metal casting, the pallet moves downward locally, overcoming the spring force. The sliding sleeve makes the pallet more stable during lifting and lowering. At the same time, when removing the casting, the spring force can lift the casting out of the water, facilitating subsequent hoisting operations. The thermal shock process avoids the clamps acting on the casting. The flat placement of the pallet effectively protects the casting and improves its practicality. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the sand cleaning box of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a bottom perspective view of the sand cleaning box of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a front cross-sectional view of the sand cleaning box of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the tray and top cover of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional perspective view of the pallet of the present invention; Figure 7This is a split perspective view of the limiting side rod of the present invention.

[0020] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows: 1. Sand cleaning box; 2. Support plate; 3. Support structure; 301. Upright pole; 302. Spring; 303. Extension rod; 304. Sliding sleeve; 4. Inserted fastener; 401. T-shaped insert; 402. T-shaped slot; 403. Bolt; 404. Bolt hole; 5. Notch; 6. Adjusting sleeve; 7. Limiting side rod; 8. Top cover plate; 9. Hydraulic cylinder; 10. Crossbeam; 11. T-shaped rod; 12. T-shaped slot ; 13. Bolt sleeve; 14. Bolt II; 15. Positioning hole; 16. Drain pipe; 17. Valve; 18. Heating element; 19. Digital display controller; 20. Upright pole II; 21. Sliding sleeve II; 22. Connecting groove; 23. Supporting rod; 24. Counterweight; 25. Knocking plate; 26. Connecting rod; 27. Sleeve; 28. Spring II; 29. ​​Protrusion; 30. Arc-shaped movable groove; 31. Cross-shaped reinforcing plate; 32. Vibrator. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0022] See Figures 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides a metal casting thermal shock sand removal device, including a sand removal box 1 and a digital display controller 19. The sand removal box 1 is provided with a liftable tray 2 inside, and a support structure 3 for driving the tray 2 to rise elastically inside the sand removal box 1. The tray 2 is provided with four notches 5, each notch 5 is provided with an adjusting sleeve 6, and the notch 5 is provided with a plug-in fixing member 4 for adjusting the position and rotating the adjusting sleeve 6. A limiting side rod 7 is slidably sleeved in the adjusting sleeve 6, and an elastic striking member acting on the surface of the casting is provided on the inner side of each limiting side rod 7. A top cover plate 8 is provided above the pallet 2. A vibrator 32 is provided on the top cover plate 8 to drive it to vibrate. A hydraulic cylinder 9 is installed on one side of the sand cleaning box 1 to drive the top cover plate 8 to rise and fall. The top cover plate 8 and the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder 9 are rotatably connected. The four side walls of the sand cleaning box 1 are provided with a limiting structure that drives the limiting side rod 7 to rotate as the pallet 2 moves down. The digital display controller 19 is electrically connected to the hydraulic cylinder 9 and the vibrator 32. The inside of the pallet 2 and the top cover plate 8 is filled with grid. The fallen sand can fall through the holes to avoid sand accumulation on the pallet 2.

[0023] As an optional implementation, the support structure 3 includes uprights 301 at the four corners of the sand cleaning box 1, and extension rods 303 at the four corners of the support plate 2. Each extension rod 303 has a sliding sleeve 304 at its end that fits onto the uprights 301. A spring 302 is fitted onto the uprights 301 and is positioned between the sliding sleeve 304 and the bottom of the sand cleaning box 1. The metal casting is hoisted onto the surface of the support plate 2 and separated from it by a lifting device. Under the weight of the metal casting, the support plate 2 moves downward locally against the elastic force of the spring 302. The sliding sleeve 304 makes the support plate 2 more stable during lifting and lowering. At the same time, when the casting is removed, the elastic force of the spring 302 can lift the casting out of the water, which is convenient for subsequent hoisting operations. Here, the spring 302 is selected to have a large allowable deformation.

[0024] Reference Figure 6 As shown, the insertion fastener 4 includes T-shaped inserts 401 rotatably connected to both sides of the adjusting sleeve 6. T-shaped slots 402, adapted to the insertion of the T-shaped inserts 401, are provided on both sides of the notch 5. The adjusting sleeve 6 has protrusions 29, and the T-shaped inserts 401 have arc-shaped movable grooves 30 for restricting the adjusting sleeve 6 from rotating 90 degrees. A bolt 403 is rotatably mounted on the T-shaped inserts 401, and a bolt threadedly connected to the bolt 403 is provided at the bottom of the T-shaped slot 402. Hole 404, according to the outer dimensions of the metal casting, adjust the position of the T-shaped insert 401 in the notch 5, insert the T-shaped insert 401 into the T-shaped slot 402, and then rotate the bolt 403 to make it threadedly connected with the bolt hole 404, thus completing the fixation of the position of the T-shaped insert 401 and the adjusting sleeve 6. When the adjusting sleeve 6 rotates between the two T-shaped inserts 401, the protrusion 29 moves in the arc-shaped movable groove 30, which can realize the 90-degree rotation of the limiting side rod 7 and prevent it from overturning.

[0025] Reference Figure 7 As shown, the elastic striking component includes several striking plates 25, each of which is equipped with two connecting rods 26. A sleeve 27 fitted onto the connecting rods 26 is provided on the limiting side rod 7. A spring 28 is connected between the connecting rods 26 and the inner bottom of the sleeve 27. When the limiting side rod 7 is in a vertical state, part of the striking plate 25 abuts against the surface of the metal casting, and the connecting rods 26 retract a certain distance against the elastic force of the spring 28. When an explosive shock wave is generated on the surface of the metal casting, it pushes the striking plate 25 to retract elastically, thereby causing the striking plate 25 to collide with the metal casting at high frequency and multiple times, further improving the sand removal and shaking effect.

[0026] Specifically, the adjusting sleeve 6 has a through groove for the sleeve 27 to move, and the end of the limiting side rod 7 is provided with a counterweight 24. The other end of the limiting side rod 7 is provided with a connecting rod 23 that matches the upper cover plate 8. The upper cover plate 8 has four connecting grooves 22 that match the size and position of the notch 5, and the limiting side rod 7 matches them. The through groove allows the limiting side rod 7 with the sleeve 27 to move smoothly in the adjusting sleeve 6 without obstructing movement. The counterweight 24 can drive the limiting side rod 7 to move automatically downward in the adjusting sleeve 6 by gravity. The damping design allows the limiting side rod 7 to move downwards slowly (the damping is set so that when the limiting side rod 7 rotates to a vertical position, the end support rod 23 will definitely be above the upper cover plate 8, which is convenient for subsequent stable placement with the upper cover plate 8). The downward movement speed of the limiting side rod 7 is slower than the retraction speed of the hydraulic cylinder 9. At this time, the limiting side rod 7 can rotate into the connecting groove 22 opened in the upper cover plate 8. At the same time, as the limiting side rod 7 continues to move downwards, the support rod 23 is placed above the connecting groove 22, realizing the vertical limitation of the limiting side rod 7, which is convenient for the subsequent hammering plate 25 to strike and vibrate the metal casting.

[0027] Reference Figure 2-3 As shown, the limiting structure includes a T-shaped rod 11 located at the upper end of the four side walls of the sand cleaning box 1. The T-shaped rod 11 is adapted to the position of the notch groove 5. A T-shaped groove 12 is provided on the side wall of the sand cleaning box 1 for the T-shaped rod 11 to slide. A bolt sleeve 13 is provided below the T-shaped groove 12. A bolt 14 is threaded into the bolt sleeve 13. The T-shaped rod 11 has several positioning holes 15 that are adapted to the insertion of the bolt 14. According to the rotation point of the adjusting sleeve 6, the T-shaped rod 11 moves in the T-shaped groove 12. The center distance of the positioning holes 15 is adapted to the center distance of the T-shaped grooves 12. When the T-shaped rod 11 moves to the appropriate position, the bolt 14 is rotated in the bolt sleeve 13 until the end of the bolt 14 is inserted into the positioning hole 15 to fix the T-shaped rod 11. At this time, the positional relationship between the T-shaped rod 11 and the limiting side rod 7 is as follows. Figure 4 As shown, when the limiting side rod 7 moves down with the support plate 2, the T-shaped rod 11 supports the limiting side rod 7 and rotates it upward through the adjusting sleeve 6, thereby adjusting the limiting side rod 7 from a horizontal position to a vertical position. It is worth mentioning that a rotatable roller (not shown in the figure) is provided on the side of the T-shaped rod 11 near the support plate 2. When the limiting side rod 7 is adjusted to a vertical position, the surface of the limiting side rod 7 can contact the roller, avoiding rigid wear on the surface of the limiting side rod 7 and the end of the T-shaped rod 11.

[0028] Reference Figure 4As shown, a heating element 18 is installed in the inner wall of the sand cleaning box 1. A temperature controller integrated in the digital display controller 19 is electrically connected to the heating element 18 to control its temperature. The inner bottom of the sand cleaning box 1 has an inverted conical design and a drain pipe 16 is provided at the bottom. A valve 17 is installed on the drain pipe 16. The heating element 18 can adjust the water temperature according to the ambient seasonal temperature. The heating temperature of the heating element 18 is controlled by the digital display controller 19. The water temperature is set to 30℃ in summer and 50℃ in winter to ensure the subsequent water explosion effect and prevent the casting from cracking due to excessive temperature difference, thus forming stable water explosion conditions. The drain pipe 16 can clean out the water and sand inside the sand cleaning box 1. The inverted conical design can avoid the accumulation of sand at the bottom of the sand cleaning box 1. To ensure the stability of the water temperature, the drain pipe 16 can be drained through the valve 17, while water is injected into the sand cleaning box 1. The flow rates of the two are balanced, thus maintaining a stable water temperature.

[0029] Reference Figure 5 As shown, each extension rod 303 is equipped with a second upright rod 20, and each of the four corners of the upper cover plate 8 is equipped with a second sliding sleeve 21 that fits onto the second upright rod 20. The lower end of the second sliding sleeve 21 is flared. The upper cover plate 8 is equipped with a cross-shaped reinforcing plate 31, which is rotatably connected to the end of the hydraulic cylinder 9 via a crossbeam rod 10. The vibrator 32 is mounted on the cross-shaped reinforcing plate 31. The second upright rod 20 and the second sliding sleeve 21 make the upper cover plate 8 more stable when the support plate 2 moves up and down. To ensure accurate alignment of the connecting groove 22 and the notch groove 5, the trumpet shape can improve the accuracy of the insertion between the second upright 20 and the second sliding sleeve 21. The cross-shaped reinforcing plate 31 can be more stable when the crossbeam 10 drives the upper cover plate 8 to move down and apply force to it. The crossbeam 10 can drive the upper cover plate 8 to rotate horizontally around the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder 9, which is convenient for picking up and putting down metal castings. The crossbeam 10 is also provided with clearance holes that are compatible with the first upright 301 and the second upright 20 to avoid collisions during the stroke.

[0030] Working principle of the invention: In use, first fill the sand cleaning box 1 with water. Control the heating element 18's temperature according to the seasonal ambient temperature via the digital display controller 19. Set the water temperature to 30℃ in summer and 50℃ in winter. Adjust and fix the T-shaped insert 401 in the notch 5 according to the dimensions of the metal casting. At this time, the limiting side rod 7 is horizontally positioned in the notch 5. Then, adjust and fix the T-shaped rod 11 according to the rotation point of the adjusting sleeve 6. Subsequently, lift the metal casting onto the surface of the support plate 2 and separate it from the support plate. Under the weight of the metal casting, the support plate 2 moves downward locally against the elastic force of spring 302. Then, rotate the upper cover plate 8 above the support plate 2. The hydraulic cylinder 9 contracts, causing the upper cover plate 8 to move downward, so that the sliding sleeve 21 and the upright rod 20 slide against each other until the upper cover plate 8 abuts against the surface of the metal casting. Then, turn on the vibrator 32. The vibration generated by the vibrator 32 is transmitted to the surface of the metal casting through the upper cover plate 8 for pre-sand removal, shaking off some of the attached sand on the surface of the metal casting. As the hydraulic cylinder 9 continues to contract, it can drive the metal casting located on the surface of the support plate 2 into the water at a set rate. After the water seeps into the casting and comes into contact with the high-temperature sand mold, it instantly vaporizes, generating a violent explosive shock wave, which then causes the molding sand and core sand to collapse again. The vibrator 32 remains on after the metal casting is completely submerged in water, which can achieve the dual effects of water explosion and mechanical vibration, improving the sand removal effect. As the limiting side rod 7 continues to move downward, due to the restriction at the end of the T-shaped rod 11, the limiting side rod 7 gradually rotates to a vertical position. During the rotation, the design of the counterweight block 24 allows the limiting side rod 7 to move downward in the adjusting sleeve 6. Damping can be designed in the adjusting sleeve 6 to make the limiting side rod 7 move downward slowly, so that the downward speed of the limiting side rod 7 is slower than the retraction speed of the hydraulic cylinder 9. At this time, the limiting side rod 7 can rotate into the connecting groove 22 opened in the upper cover plate 8, and the connecting rod 23 is placed above the connecting groove 22 to realize the vertical limiting of the limiting side rod 7. When the limiting side rod 7 is in a vertical state, part of the knocking plate 25 abuts against the surface of the metal casting, and the connecting rod 26 overcomes the elastic force of the spring 28 and retracts a certain distance. When an explosive shock wave is generated on the surface of the metal casting, it pushes the knocking plate 25 to retract elastically, thereby causing the knocking plate 25 to collide with the metal casting at high frequency and multiple times, further improving the sand removal and shaking effect.

[0031] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A thermal shock sand removal device for metal castings, comprising a sand removal box (1), characterized in that: The cleaning box (1) is equipped with a liftable support plate (2) inside, and the cleaning box (1) is equipped with a support structure (3) for driving the support plate (2) to rise elastically. The support plate (2) is provided with four notches (5). Each notch (5) is provided with an adjusting sleeve (6), and the notch (5) is provided with a plug-in fixing piece (4) for adjusting the position and rotating the adjusting sleeve (6) therein. The adjusting sleeve (6) is slidably fitted with a limiting side rod (7). Each limiting side rod (7) is provided with an elastic striking piece that acts on the surface of the casting on its inner side. The pallet (2) is provided with an upper cover plate (8), and the upper cover plate (8) is provided with a vibrator (32) for driving it to vibrate. A hydraulic cylinder (9) for driving the upper cover plate (8) to rise and fall is installed on one side of the sand cleaning box (1). The upper cover plate (8) and the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder (9) are rotatably arranged. The four side walls of the sand cleaning box (1) are provided with a limiting structure that drives the limiting side rod (7) to rotate as the pallet (2) moves down.

2. The thermal shock sand removal equipment for metal castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting structure (3) includes uprights (301) set at the four corners of the sand cleaning box (1), and extension rods (303) are provided at the four corners of the support plate (2). Each extension rod (303) has a sliding sleeve (304) fitted to the upright (301) at its end. A spring (302) is fitted on the upright (301), and the spring (302) is set between the sliding sleeve (304) and the bottom of the sand cleaning box (1).

3. The thermal shock sand removal equipment for metal castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plug-in fastener (4) includes a T-shaped plug (401) rotatably connected to both sides of the adjusting sleeve (6). Both sides of the notch (5) are provided with T-shaped slots (402) that are adapted to the plug-in of the T-shaped plug (401). The adjusting sleeve (6) is provided with a protrusion (29), and the T-shaped plug (401) is provided with an arc-shaped movable groove (30) for limiting the adjusting sleeve (6) to rotate 90 degrees.

4. The thermal shock sand removal equipment for metal castings according to claim 3, characterized in that: A bolt (403) is rotatably mounted on the T-shaped insert (401), and a bolt hole (404) is provided at the bottom of the T-shaped slot (402) for threaded connection with the bolt (403).

5. The thermal shock sand removal equipment for metal castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic striking component includes several striking plates (25), each striking plate (25) is provided with two connecting rods (26), the limiting side rod (7) is provided with a sleeve (27) sleeved with the connecting rod (26), and a spring (28) is connected between the inner bottom of the connecting rod (26) and the sleeve (27).

6. The thermal shock sand removal equipment for metal castings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adjusting sleeve (6) has a through groove for the sleeve (27) to move, and the end of the limiting side rod (7) is provided with a counterweight (24). The other end of the limiting side rod (7) is provided with a connecting rod (23) that is adapted to the upper cover plate (8). The upper cover plate (8) has four connecting grooves (22) that are adapted to the size and position of the notch groove (5), and the limiting side rod (7) is adapted to it.

7. The thermal shock sand removal equipment for metal castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting structure includes a T-shaped rod (11) located at the upper end of the four side walls of the sand cleaning box (1). The T-shaped rod (11) is adapted to the position of the notch (5). A T-shaped groove (12) for sliding of the T-shaped rod (11) is provided on the side wall of the sand cleaning box (1). A bolt sleeve (13) is provided below the T-shaped groove (12). A bolt second (14) is threadedly connected in the bolt sleeve (13). A number of positioning holes (15) adapted to the insertion of the bolt second (14) are provided on the T-shaped rod (11).

8. The thermal shock sand removal equipment for metal castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the sand cleaning box (1) is provided with a heating element (18), the inner bottom of the sand cleaning box (1) is designed as an inverted cone, and a drain pipe (16) is provided at the bottom end, and a valve (17) is installed on the drain pipe (16).

9. A thermal shock sand removal device for metal castings according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the extension rods (303) is provided with a second upright rod (20), and the four corners of the upper cover plate (8) are provided with a second sliding sleeve (21) fitted with the second upright rod (20), and the lower end of the second sliding sleeve (21) is flared. The upper cover plate (8) is provided with a cross-shaped reinforcing plate (31), and the cross-shaped reinforcing plate (31) is rotatably connected to the end of the hydraulic cylinder (9) through the crossbeam rod (10), and the vibrator (32) is installed on the cross-shaped reinforcing plate (31).

10. A method for removing sand from metal castings by thermal shock, using the metal casting thermal shock sand removal equipment according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. First, fill the sand cleaning box (1) with water. Control the heating temperature of the heating element (18) according to the seasonal ambient temperature. Set the water temperature to 30℃ in summer and 50℃ in winter. Adjust the position of the T-shaped insert (401) in the notch (5) and fix it according to the external dimensions of the metal casting. At this time, the limiting side rod (7) is set in the notch (5) in a horizontal state. Then, adjust the position of the T-shaped rod (11) and fix it according to the rotation point of the adjusting sleeve (6). S2. Then, the metal casting is hoisted onto the surface of the pallet (2) and separated from it by the hoisting tool. Under the action of the metal casting's own weight, the pallet (2) is driven to move down locally against the elastic force of the spring (302). Then, the upper cover plate (8) is rotated to the top of the pallet (2). The upper cover plate (8) is moved down by the contraction of the hydraulic cylinder (9), so that the sliding sleeve (21) and the upright (20) are interlocked and slide until the upper cover plate (8) abuts against the surface of the metal casting. Then, the vibrator (32) is turned on. S3. The vibration generated by the vibrator (32) is transmitted to the surface of the metal casting through the upper cover plate (8) for pre-sand removal treatment, shaking off a portion of the attached sand on the surface of the metal casting. As the hydraulic cylinder (9) continues to contract, it can drive the metal casting located on the surface of the support plate (2) into the water at a set rate. After the water seeps into the casting and comes into contact with the high temperature sand mold, it instantly vaporizes and generates a violent explosion shock wave, which then causes the molding sand and core sand to collapse again. After the metal casting is completely submerged in water, the vibrator (32) remains on, which can achieve the dual effects of water explosion and mechanical vibration, and improve the sand removal effect. S4. As the limiting side rod (7) continues to move downward, due to the restriction at the end of the T-shaped rod (11), the limiting side rod (7) is driven to gradually rotate to a vertical position. During the rotation, due to the design of the counterweight (24), the limiting side rod (7) can be driven to move downward in the adjusting sleeve (6). Here, damping can be designed in the adjusting sleeve (6) to make the limiting side rod (7) move downward slowly, so that the downward movement speed of the limiting side rod (7) is slower than the retraction speed of the hydraulic cylinder (9). At this time, the limiting side rod (7) can rotate into the connecting groove (22) opened in the upper cover plate (8), and at the same time, the connecting rod (23) is erected above the connecting groove (22) to realize the vertical limiting of the limiting side rod (7). S5. When the limiting side rod (7) is in a vertical state, part of the knocking plate (25) abuts against the surface of the metal casting and causes the connecting rod (26) to overcome the elastic force of the second spring (28) and retract a certain distance. When the surface of the metal casting generates an explosive shock wave, it pushes the knocking plate (25) to retract elastically, thereby driving the knocking plate (25) to collide with the metal casting at high frequency and multiple times, further improving the sand removal and shaking effect.

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