A numerical control lathe for machining a piston

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of numerical control lathe, specifically to a numerical control lathe for processing piston, solve the problem of automatic switching of materials, realize continuous automatic processing, including: base, the top of which is provided with a protection box for processing protection, a cutter head is installed on the inner side wall of the protection box, a drive box is installed on one side of the protection box, and a limiting box is installed on the inner side wall of the drive box. The present application can realize automatic clamping and fixing, ensure its stability, at the same time, the switching box can automatically drop after the workpiece is processed, so that the multiple workpieces to be processed in the switching box are pushed to the outer wall of the processing disc, and the processing disc automatically clamps the workpiece. When the switching box of the device drops, the processed workpiece on the outer wall of the processing disc can automatically fall off, realizing the function of automatic replacement, so that the device can realize automatic processing and replacement without stopping, avoiding the problem of low efficiency caused by manual taking and placing caused by equipment downtime.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of CNC lathe technology, and more specifically to a CNC lathe for machining pistons. Background Technology

[0002] In core equipment such as automobile engines, compressors, and hydraulic machinery, pistons are key precision components that realize energy conversion and power transmission. Their machining accuracy and production efficiency directly determine the performance stability and reliability of the entire machine. In the early days, piston machining was based on ordinary lathes, relying on manual labor to complete the entire process of workpiece clamping, tool adjustment, and feed control. Under this mode, the machining accuracy depended entirely on the experience and proficiency of the operators. This not only made it difficult to ensure the consistency of piston dimensions in mass production, but also resulted in low production efficiency, high labor intensity, and high processing costs.

[0003] With the rise of CNC technology, CNC lathes, with their advantages of digital programming control, high-precision positioning, and automated feeding, have gradually replaced traditional ordinary lathes and become the core equipment for piston machining. CNC lathes precisely control the tool path and machining parameters through preset programs, which greatly improves the machining accuracy and production efficiency of pistons, reduces the reliance on manual operation skills, and initially meets the industry's demand for quality stability. However, in practical applications, existing CNC lathes still have obvious technical shortcomings, especially the lack of automation in the material switching process, which has become the core bottleneck restricting the continuous machining of pistons. This provides a clear technical breakthrough direction for this invention.

[0004] While existing CNC lathes used for piston machining have achieved digital control of the machining process, material switching still relies on manual operation, interrupting the machining flow. Most existing CNC lathes employ a single-station design. During machining, once a piston workpiece is completed, the equipment must stop and wait for the operator to manually remove the finished product and clamp a new material before restarting the machining program. During this process, the equipment is idle, and manual operation suffers from unstable clamping times and low operational efficiency. Taking single-shift production as an example, equipment downtime due to manual material switching can account for 15%-20%, severely wasting effective machining time, significantly reducing capacity utilization, and failing to meet the demands of large-scale continuous production. Furthermore, as pistons are precision components, the accuracy of material clamping directly affects the dimensional accuracy and geometric tolerances of subsequent machining. In the current model, manual material clamping is prone to fluctuations in material positioning accuracy due to operator fatigue, uneven operating force, and positioning deviations, leading to problems such as out-of-tolerance machining dimensions and substandard surface roughness.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a CNC lathe for machining pistons to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a CNC lathe for machining pistons, so as to solve the problem of automatically switching materials and realizing continuous automatic machining.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A CNC lathe for machining pistons, comprising: The base has a protective box for processing protection installed on its top. A cutting head is installed on the inner wall of the protective box. A drive box is installed on one side of the protective box. A limiting box is installed on the inner wall of the drive box. The processing disc is rotatably connected to the side wall of the drive box, and a clamping plate is slidably connected to its outer wall. A reinforcing shaft is slidably connected inside the disc for driving the clamping plate to clamp and fix the workpiece. The reinforcing shaft is matched with the limiting box. A switching box is slidably connected inside the protective box. Inside the switching box, there is a switching screw block for pushing the workpiece. The switching screw block is driven to a switching toothed plate, and the switching toothed plate matches the top of the base. A guide ramp is installed on the top of the base and located below the machining disk. A collection box is installed at the bottom of the guide ramp, and a diversion plate for solid-liquid separation of cutting fluid is slidably connected inside the collection box. This device, through the configuration of the processing tray, allows for easy adjustment of the clamping plates on its outer wall, making it suitable for processing workpieces of various shapes and sizes. When installing workpieces, it automatically clamps and fixes them, ensuring stability. Simultaneously, the switching box automatically descends after workpiece processing is complete, pushing multiple workpieces to be processed onto the outer wall of the processing tray. The processing tray automatically clamps the workpieces. As the switching box descends, the processed workpieces on the outer wall of the processing tray automatically detach, achieving automatic replacement. This allows the device to perform automatic processing and replacement without stopping the machine, avoiding the inefficiency caused by manual handling during machine downtime.

[0008] Preferably, a processing shaft is installed at one end of the processing disk, the processing shaft is rotatably connected inside the drive box, the processing shaft is driven by two drive gears and connected to the output end of the drive motor, and the drive motor is installed inside the drive box; The machining axis of this device can adopt other driving methods in the existing technology, such as telescopic type. By controlling the telescopic, the position of the machining disk can be changed. As long as the rotation of the machining disk is achieved, it will not be elaborated further here.

[0009] Preferably, a groove is provided on the outer wall of the processing disk, and the clamping plate is slidably connected inside the groove. An adjusting plate is installed at one end of the clamping plate by an adjusting screw. In use, the adjusting screw is rotated to make the adjusting plate slide outward, which is used to adjust the clamping thickness of the clamping plate and to clamp and fix different workpieces. The machining disk is slidably connected to a slide plate. A reinforcing inclined plate is fixedly installed at one end of the slide plate. The thickness of the reinforcing inclined plate decreases from the outside to the inside. The reinforcing inclined plate abuts against one end of the clamping plate to control the clamping plate to clamp the workpiece. A return spring is installed on the outer wall of the clamping plate at one end inside the machining disk. The other end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the machining disk through a connecting plate. One end of the slide is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the reinforcing shaft, the other end of the reinforcing shaft is located outside the machining shaft, and a limiting inclined ring is fixedly installed on its outer wall. The limiting inclined ring matches the limiting box, and the other end of the slide is connected to the inner wall of the machining disk through a push spring. In use, this device positions the workpiece against the outer wall of the processing disc, simultaneously between multiple clamping plates. Initially, the clamping plates are spread out under the action of the return spring. The slide, under the action of the push spring, has a small inclined surface at one end of the reinforcing axial shaft against the end of the clamping plate. When pushing the workpiece, the workpiece abuts against one end of the reinforcing shaft, causing the reinforcing shaft to move inward along the processing disc, which in turn drives the slide to move inward. The push spring is compressed, and the reinforcing axial shaft moves accordingly. The abutting surface between the reinforcing axial shaft and one end of the clamping plate gradually increases, thus abutting against the relative displacement of multiple clamping plates. The adjusting plate on the outer wall of the clamping plate clamps the outer wall of the pushed workpiece, achieving automatic clamping and fixing. At the same time, the return spring is compressed. When a workpiece needs to be clamped, this device pushes the workpiece so that it abuts against the reinforcing shaft. The displacement of the reinforcing shaft enables the clamping plates to automatically clamp the outer wall of the workpiece. At the same time, multiple clamping plates move synchronously at the same rate, which can realize the function of automatic positioning and clamping, avoid the phenomenon of clamping deviation, and avoid the phenomenon of machining dimensions exceeding tolerance and surface roughness not meeting the standards due to fluctuations in positioning accuracy.

[0010] Preferably, a limiting plate is slidably connected inside the limiting box. One end of the limiting plate is set as an inclined surface to limit the limiting inclined ring. A push-off spring is fixedly installed at one end of the limiting plate, and the other end of the push-off spring is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the limiting box. When the reinforcing shaft is displaced, the inclined surface of the limiting ring abuts against the inclined surface of the limiting plate, causing the limiting plate to move inward under force. After the clamping plate is clamped, the straight surface of the limiting ring aligns with the straight surface of one end of the limiting plate, and the limiting plate engages with the limiting ring, thus limiting the reinforcing shaft. This prevents the clamping from falling off or shifting due to processing vibrations after the clamping plate is clamped, ensuring the clamping and fixing effect of the device.

[0011] Preferably, a switching cable is also installed at one end of the limiting plate, and the other end of the switching cable passes through the limiting box and is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the base. The outer wall of the switching cable abuts against the bottom of the switching slider. The switching slider is slidably connected to the outer wall of the base. One side of the bottom of the switching slider is connected to the inner bottom wall of the base through a compression spring. The top of the switching slider matches the bottom of the switching box.

[0012] Preferably, the top of the switching box is connected to the extended end of the switching cylinder, and the switching cylinder is installed on the top of the protective box; A switching screw is provided on the inner wall of the switching box. A worm spring is installed on the outer wall of one end of the switching screw. The other end of the worm spring is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the switching box. The switching screw block is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the switching screw. The switching screw block is opposite to the switching port, which is located on the side wall of the switching box. A switching gear is unidirectionally driven connected to the outer wall of the switching screw. The switching gear meshes with the switching gear plate. The bottom of the switching gear plate matches the top of the base. The top of the switching gear plate is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the switching box by a compression spring. The bottom of the switching gear plate is a smooth plate.

[0013] Preferably, the switching screw has a switching groove inside, a switching plate is slidably connected inside the switching groove, a top extension spring is fixedly installed at one end of the switching plate inside the switching groove, and the other end of the top extension spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the switching groove. The inner wall of the switching gear is provided with a switching groove, which matches the switching plate; In use, this device works by activating the switching cylinder, which extends and moves the switching box downwards. The bottom of the switching box first abuts against the top of the switching slider, causing the slider to press against the switching cable. The switching cable contracts under pressure, stretching the limiting plate and disengaging the limiting ring from the limiting plate. At this point, the reinforcing shaft is out of its limit position, and the sliding plate moves outwards under the action of the push spring. This causes the reinforcing shaft to move outwards under the action of the sliding plate, disengaging the clamping plate from the workpiece after processing. The processed workpiece is then disassembled, achieving the disassembly function. As the switching box continues to move downwards, the switching toothed plate abuts against the top of the base, and the switching toothed plate moves inwards towards the inside of the switching box. When the switching tooth plate moves upward and engages with the switching gear, the inclined surface of the switching plate on the inner wall of the switching screw is opposite to the inclined surface of the switching groove. This prevents the switching gear from rotating and thus prevents the switching screw from rotating. When the switching tooth plate continues to descend to the designated position, the switching port is opposite to the outer wall of the processing disk. At this time, the outer wall of the processing disk is not clamped to any workpiece. Simultaneously, the smooth plate of the switching tooth plate is opposite to the switching gear. Under the action of the worm spring, the switching screw rotates in the opposite direction, and the switching screw block on its outer wall moves outward. The workpiece inside the switching box will be pushed to the outside of the device through the switching port, so that the workpiece is opposite to the outer wall of the processing disk, thereby realizing the replacement. After the workpiece is processed, the switching box is automatically moved downward by the switching cylinder. At the same time, when the switching box moves downward, it can automatically detach the processed workpiece from the outer wall of the processing plate, realizing disassembly. After disassembly, it can automatically push the clamped workpiece and ensure the stability of the workpiece clamping to achieve integrated operation. After the workpiece is clamped, it is easy to process the workpiece. After processing, the workpiece can be replaced again through the switching box, realizing reciprocating use without stopping the machine to change, install and remove workpieces.

[0014] Preferably, the outer wall of the guide plate has holes, the inclined end of the guide plate is opposite to the collection groove, and the collection groove is located on the inner wall of the base; The guide ramp is used to guide the detached workpiece after processing, so that the workpiece enters the inside of the collection tank. At the same time, the cutting debris and coolant enter the inside of the collection box through the holes in the guide ramp.

[0015] Preferably, a filter plate is fixedly installed inside the collection box, and a diverting screw is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the collection box. The diverting screw is located above the filter plate, and the diverting plate is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the diverting screw. The inside of the collection box is divided into a debris box and a liquid box by a filter plate. The debris box is located on one side of the collection box and on the other side of the filter plate, while the liquid box is located at the bottom of the filter plate. The shunt screw is driven to the machining axis via a drive belt.

[0016] Preferably, a scraper is slidably connected inside the diverter plate, and a retraction frame and an extension frame are respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the bottom of the scraper; The outer wall of the shrink rack is provided with a shrink groove, the inner wall of the shrink groove matches the inclined end of the shrink inclined block, the shrink inclined block slides inside the diversion plate, the thickness of the shrink inclined block decreases from the outside to the inside, and a shrink rod is fixedly installed at one end of the shrink inclined block, the shrink rod matches the side wall of the collection box; The outer wall of the extension frame is provided with an extension groove, which matches the inclined end of the extension ramp. The extension ramp is the opposite of the structure of the retractable ramp. An extension rod is installed at one end of the extension ramp, and the extension rod matches the outer wall of the diverter plate. When the processing shaft of this device performs cutting on the workpiece, the drive belt will drive the splitter screw to rotate. At this time, the splitter plate will move to the right, and the scraper will be in an outward extended state, scraping the debris on the upper part of the filter plate into the debris box. When the scraper is at the rightmost end, the contraction rod abuts against the inner wall of the collection box, and the inclined surface of the contraction block and the abutment surface of the contraction groove gradually increase, thereby causing the scraper to move inward and achieve contraction. At this time, the scraper is in a contracted state. When the splitter plate moves to the left to the limit position, the abutment surface of the extension plate and the extension groove gradually increase, thereby causing the scraper to move outward, which facilitates the extension and retraction of the scraper. When the diverter plate is at the rightmost end and moves to the left, the scraper can move inward, thus achieving a contraction function. This prevents the scraper from scraping debris from the outer wall of the filter plate to the leftmost end, avoiding ineffective scraping. When the scraper is at the leftmost end of the collection box, it can extend outward, scraping debris from the outer wall of the filter plate into the debris box for automatic collection. This achieves solid-liquid separation, preventing debris accumulation and subsequent ineffective processing.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This device, through the setting of the processing tray, allows for easy adjustment of the clamping plate on its outer wall, making it suitable for processing workpieces of various shapes and sizes. When installing workpieces, it can automatically clamp and fix them, ensuring stability. Simultaneously, the switching box automatically descends after workpiece processing is completed, pushing multiple workpieces to be processed onto the outer wall of the processing tray. The processing tray automatically clamps the workpieces. When the switching box descends, the processed workpieces on the outer wall of the processing tray automatically detach, achieving automatic replacement. This allows the device to perform automatic processing and replacement without stopping the machine, avoiding the inefficiency caused by manual handling during machine downtime.

[0018] 2. When it is necessary to clamp a workpiece, this device pushes the workpiece so that it abuts against the reinforcing shaft. The displacement of the reinforcing shaft enables the clamping plate to automatically clamp the outer wall of the workpiece. At the same time, multiple clamping plates move synchronously at the same rate, which can realize the function of automatic positioning and clamping, avoid the phenomenon of clamping deviation, and avoid the phenomenon of machining dimensions exceeding tolerance and surface roughness not meeting the standards due to fluctuations in positioning accuracy.

[0019] 3. When the reinforcing shaft is displaced, the inclined surface of the limiting ring will abut against the inclined surface of the limiting plate, and the limiting plate will be displaced inward under force. After the clamping plate is clamped, the straight surface of the limiting ring is opposite to the straight surface of one end of the limiting plate, and the limiting plate engages with the limiting ring. The reinforcing shaft is limited, which can prevent the clamping from falling off or shifting due to processing vibration after the clamping plate is clamped, thus ensuring the clamping and fixing effect of the device.

[0020] 4. After the workpiece is processed, the switching box is automatically moved downward by the switching cylinder. At the same time, when the switching box moves downward, it can automatically detach the processed workpiece from the outer wall of the processing plate, realizing disassembly. After disassembly, it can automatically push the clamped workpiece and ensure the stability of the workpiece clamping to achieve integrated operation. After the workpiece is clamped, it is convenient to process the workpiece. After processing, it can be replaced again through the switching box, realizing reciprocating use, changing the installation and disassembly of workpieces without stopping the machine.

[0021] 5. When the diverter plate is at the rightmost end and moves to the left, the scraper can move inward, thus achieving a contraction function. This prevents the scraper from scraping debris from the outer wall of the filter plate to the leftmost end, avoiding ineffective scraping. When the scraper is at the leftmost end of the collection box, it can extend outward, scraping debris from the outer wall of the filter plate into the debris box for automatic collection. This achieves solid-liquid separation, preventing debris accumulation and subsequent ineffective processing. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention from the front view; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a frontal cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second frontal cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece being clamped by the processing disc of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the processing disk of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing a cross-section of the limiting box of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing a cross-section of the base of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the switching box of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the end faces of the switching gear and the switching screw of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the guide ramp of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the collection box of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a cross-section of the diverter plate of the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Protective housing; 3. Drive housing; 4. Limiting box; 401. Limiting plate; 402. Support spring; 403. Switching cable; 404. Switching slider; 405. Compression spring; 5. Machining disc; 501. Clamping plate; 502. Reinforcing shaft; 503. Machining shaft; 504. Drive motor; 505. Slide groove; 506. Adjusting plate; 507. Slide disc; 508. Reinforcing inclined plate; 509. Restricting inclined ring; 510. Push spring; 511. Return spring; 6. Switching box; 601. Switching screw block; 602. Switching gear plate; 603. Switching lead screw; 604. Switching gear; 605. Downward pressure spring; 606. Switching groove; 607. Switching plate; 608. Top extension spring; 609. Switching inclined groove; 610. Switching cylinder; 7. Guide ramp; 701. Collection trough; 8. Blade head; 9. Collection box; 901. Diverter plate; 902. Filter plate; 903. Diverter screw; 904. Scraper; 905. Shrink rack; 906. Extension rack; 907. Shrink groove; 908. Shrinking ramp; 909. Shrinking rod; 910. Extension groove; 911. Extension ramp; 10. Drive belt. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] A CNC lathe for machining pistons, as shown in the attached image. Figure 1-12 As shown, it includes: The base 1 has a protective box 2 for processing protection installed on its top. A cutting head 8 is installed on the inner wall of the protective box 2. A drive box 3 is installed on one side of the protective box 2. A limiting box 4 is installed on the inner wall of the drive box 3. The processing disc 5 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the drive box 3. A clamping plate 501 is slidably connected to its outer wall, and a reinforcing shaft 502 is slidably connected inside. It is used to drive the clamping plate 501 to clamp and fix the workpiece. The reinforcing shaft 502 is matched with the limiting box 4. The switching box 6 is slidably connected inside the protective box 2. Inside the switching box 6, there is a switching screw block 601 for pushing the workpiece. The switching screw block 601 is drivenly connected to the switching tooth plate 602. The switching tooth plate 602 matches the top of the base 1. The guide ramp 7 is installed on the top of the base 1 and located below the machining disk 5. A collection box 9 is installed at the bottom of the guide ramp 7. A diversion plate 901 for solid-liquid separation of cutting fluid is slidably connected inside the collection box 9. This device, through the setting of the processing disc 5, allows for easy adjustment of the clamping plate 501 on its outer wall, making it suitable for processing workpieces of various shapes and sizes. When installing workpieces, it can automatically clamp and fix them, ensuring stability. Simultaneously, the switching box 6 automatically descends after workpiece processing is completed, pushing multiple workpieces to be processed onto the outer wall of the processing disc 5. The processing disc 5 automatically clamps the workpieces. When the switching box 6 descends, the processed workpieces on the outer wall of the processing disc 5 automatically detach, achieving automatic replacement. This allows the device to perform automatic processing and replacement without stopping the machine, avoiding the inefficiency caused by manual handling during machine downtime.

[0026] As attached Figure 2-4 As shown, a processing shaft 503 is installed at one end of the processing disk 5. The processing shaft 503 is rotatably connected inside the drive box 3. The processing shaft 503 is driven and connected to the output end of the drive motor 504 through two drive gears. The drive motor 504 is installed inside the drive box 3. The machining axis 503 of this device can adopt other driving methods in the prior art, such as telescopic form. By controlling the telescopic movement, the position of the machining disk 5 can be changed. As long as the rotation of the machining disk 5 is achieved, it will not be elaborated further here.

[0027] As attached Figure 2-4 As shown, a groove 505 is provided on the outer wall of the processing disk 5. The clamping plate 501 is slidably connected inside the groove 505. An adjusting plate 506 is installed at one end of the clamping plate 501 through an adjusting screw. In use, by rotating the adjusting screw, the adjusting plate 506 slides outward, which is used to adjust the clamping thickness of the clamping plate 501 and to clamp and fix different workpieces. The machining disk 5 has a sliding connection to the inside of the slide disk 5. A reinforcing inclined plate 508 is fixedly installed at one end of the slide disk 507. The thickness of the reinforcing inclined plate 508 decreases from the outside to the inside. The reinforcing inclined plate 508 abuts against one end of the clamping plate 501 to control the clamping plate 501 to clamp the workpiece. A return spring 511 is installed on the outer wall of the clamping plate 501 at one end inside the machining disk 5. The other end of the return spring 511 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the machining disk 5 through a connecting plate. One end of the slide 507 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the reinforcing shaft 502, and the other end of the reinforcing shaft 502 is located outside the machining shaft 503. A limiting oblique ring 509 is fixedly installed on its outer wall. The limiting oblique ring 509 matches the limiting box 4. The other end of the slide 507 is connected to the inner wall of the machining disk 5 through the push spring 510. In use, the workpiece is positioned opposite the outer wall of the processing disk 5 and between multiple clamping plates 501. In the initial state, the clamping plates 501 are spread out under the action of the return spring 511. The slide 507, under the action of the push spring 510, has a small inclined surface at one end of the reinforcing inclined plate 508 on its outer wall abutting against one end of the clamping plate 501. When pushing the workpiece, the workpiece abuts against one end of the reinforcing shaft 502, causing the reinforcing shaft 502 to move inward into the processing disk 5, which in turn drives the slide 507 to move inward. The push spring 510 is compressed, and the reinforcing inclined plate 508 moves accordingly. The abutting surface of the reinforcing inclined plate 508 against one end of the clamping plate 501 gradually increases, thus abutting against the relative displacement of multiple clamping plates 501. The adjusting plate 506 on the outer wall of the clamping plate 501 clamps the outer wall of the pushed workpiece, realizing the function of automatic clamping and fixing. At the same time, the return spring 511 is compressed. When a workpiece needs to be clamped, this device pushes the workpiece so that it abuts against the reinforcing shaft 502. The displacement of the reinforcing shaft 502 enables the clamping plate 501 to automatically clamp the outer wall of the workpiece. At the same time, multiple clamping plates 501 move synchronously at the same rate, which can realize the function of automatic positioning and clamping, avoid the phenomenon of clamping deviation, and avoid the phenomenon of out-of-tolerance machining dimensions and surface roughness due to fluctuations in positioning accuracy.

[0028] As attached Figure 6As shown, a limiting plate 401 is slidably connected inside the limiting box 4. One end of the limiting plate 401 is set as an inclined surface to limit the limiting inclined ring 509. A resisting spring 402 is fixedly installed at one end of the limiting plate 401, and the other end of the resisting spring 402 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the limiting box 4. When the reinforcing shaft 502 is displaced, the inclined surface of the limiting inclined ring 509 will abut against the inclined surface of the limiting plate 401, and the limiting plate 401 will be displaced inward under force. After the clamping plate 501 is clamped, the straight surface of the limiting inclined ring 509 is opposite to the straight surface of one end of the limiting plate 401, and the limiting plate 401 engages with the limiting inclined ring 509. The reinforcing shaft 502 is limited, which can prevent the clamping from falling off or shifting due to processing vibration after the clamping plate 501 is clamped, thus ensuring the clamping and fixing effect of the device.

[0029] As attached Figure 7 As shown, a switching cable 403 is also installed at one end of the limiting plate 401. The other end of the switching cable 403 passes through the limiting box 4 and is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the base 1. The outer wall of the switching cable 403 abuts against the bottom of the switching slider 404. The switching slider 404 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the base 1. One side of the bottom of the switching slider 404 is connected to the inner bottom wall of the base 1 through a pressure spring 405. The top of the switching slider 404 matches the bottom of the switching box 6.

[0030] As attached Figure 2-3 As shown, the top of the switching box 6 is connected to the extended end of the switching cylinder 610, and the switching cylinder 610 is installed on the top of the protective box 2. As attached Figure 8 As shown, a switching screw 603 is provided on the inner wall of the switching box 6. A worm spring is installed on the outer wall of one end of the switching screw 603. The other end of the worm spring is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the switching box 6. A switching screw block 601 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the switching screw 603. The switching screw block 601 is opposite to the switching port, which is located on the side wall of the switching box 6. A switching gear 604 is unidirectionally driven connected to the outer wall of the switching screw 603. The switching gear 604 meshes with the switching tooth plate 602. The bottom of the switching tooth plate 602 matches the top of the base 1. The top of the switching tooth plate 602 is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the switching box 6 by a downward spring 605. The bottom of the switching tooth plate 602 is a smooth plate.

[0031] As attached Figure 8-9 As shown, a switching groove 606 is provided inside the switching screw 603. A switching plate 607 is slidably connected inside the switching groove 606. A top extension spring 608 is fixedly installed at one end of the switching plate 607 inside the switching groove 606. The other end of the top extension spring 608 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the switching groove 606. The inner wall of the switching gear 604 is provided with a switching groove 609, which matches the switching plate 607. In use, the switching cylinder 610 is activated, causing it to extend and move the switching box 6 downwards. At this point, the bottom of the switching box 6 first abuts against the top of the switching slider 404, causing the slider 404 to abut against the switching cable 403. The switching cable 403 contracts under pressure, stretching the limiting plate 401. The limiting ring 509 disengages from the limiting plate 401, and the reinforcing shaft 502 is in a disengaged state. The slide plate 507 moves outwards under the action of the push spring 510, thus causing the reinforcing shaft 502 to move outwards under the action of the slide plate 507. The clamping plate 501 disengages from the clamping and fixing of the workpiece after processing, and the processed workpiece is disassembled, achieving the disassembly function. As the switching box 6 continues to move downwards, the switching toothed plate 602 abuts against the top of the base 1, and the switching toothed plate 602 moves towards the switching box. When the internal displacement of 6 is such that the lower spring 605 is in a compressed state, and the switching tooth plate 602 moves upward to mesh with the switching gear 604, the inclined surface of the switching plate 607 on the inner wall of the switching screw 603 is opposite to the inclined surface of the switching groove 609, so that when the switching gear 604 rotates, the rotation of the switching gear 604 will not drive the switching screw 603 to rotate. When the switching tooth plate 602 continues to descend to the designated position, the switching port is opposite to the outer wall of the processing disk 5, and at this time the outer wall of the processing disk 5 is in a state of no workpiece clamping. At the same time, the smooth plate of the switching tooth plate 602 is opposite to the switching gear 604. Under the action of the worm spring, the switching screw 603 rotates in the opposite direction, and the switching screw block 601 on its outer wall moves outward. The workpiece inside the switching box 6 will be pushed to the outside of the device through the switching port, so that the workpiece is opposite to the outer wall of the processing disk 5, thereby realizing the replacement. After the workpiece is processed, the switching cylinder 610 drives the switching box 6 to automatically move downward. At the same time, when the switching box 6 moves downward, it can automatically detach the processed workpiece from the outer wall of the processing plate 5, realizing disassembly. After disassembly, it can automatically push and hold the workpiece, ensuring the stability of the workpiece clamping and realizing integrated operation. After the workpiece is clamped, it is convenient to process the workpiece. After processing, the switching box 6 can be used to replace it again, realizing repeated use and changing the installation and disassembly of the workpiece without stopping the machine.

[0032] As attached Figure 10 As shown, holes are provided on the outer wall of the guide plate 7, and the inclined end of the guide plate 7 is opposite to the collection groove 701, which is located on the inner wall of the base 1. The guide ramp 7 is used to guide the detached workpiece after processing, so that the workpiece enters the collection tank 701. At the same time, the cutting debris and coolant enter the collection box 9 through the holes on the guide ramp 7.

[0033] As attached Figure 2 and attached Figure 11 As shown, a filter plate 902 is fixedly installed inside the collection box 9, and a diverting screw 903 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the collection box 9. The diverting screw 903 is located on the upper part of the filter plate 902, and the diverting plate 901 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the diverting screw 903. The interior of the collection box 9 is divided into a debris box and a liquid box by a filter plate 902. The debris box is located on one side of the collection box 9 and on one side of the filter plate 902, while the liquid box is located at the bottom of the filter plate 902. The shunt screw 903 is driven by the drive belt 10 and connected to the machining axis 503.

[0034] As attached Figure 11-12 As shown, a scraper 904 is slidably connected inside the diverter plate 901, and a retraction frame 905 and an extension frame 906 are respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the bottom of the scraper 904. A shrinkage groove 907 is provided on the outer wall of the shrinkage frame 905. The inner wall of the shrinkage groove 907 matches the inclined end of the shrinkage inclined block 908. The shrinkage inclined block 908 slides inside the diversion plate 901. The thickness of the shrinkage inclined block 908 decreases from the outside to the inside. A shrinkage rod 909 is fixedly installed at one end of the shrinkage inclined block 908. The shrinkage rod 909 matches the side wall of the collection box 9. An extension groove 910 is provided on the outer wall of the extension frame 906. The extension groove 910 matches the inclined end of the extension ramp 911. The extension ramp 911 has the opposite structure to the retraction ramp 908. An extension rod is installed at one end of the extension ramp 911. The extension rod matches the outer wall of the diverter plate 901. When the machining shaft 503 of this device performs cutting machining on the workpiece, the drive belt 10 will drive the flow divider screw 903 to rotate. At this time, the flow divider plate 901 will move to the right, and the scraper 904 will be in an outward extended state, scraping the debris on the upper part of the filter plate 902 into the debris box. When the scraper is at the rightmost end, the contraction rod 909 abuts against the inner wall of the collection box 9, and the inclined surface of the contraction block 908 and the abutment surface of the contraction groove 907 gradually increase, thereby causing the scraper 904 to move inward and achieve contraction. At this time, the scraper 904 is in a contracted state. When the flow divider plate 901 moves to the left to the limit position, the abutment surface of the extension plate 911 and the extension groove 910 will gradually increase, thereby causing the scraper 904 to move outward, which facilitates the extension and retraction of the scraper 904. When the diverter plate 901 is at the rightmost end and moves to the left, the scraper 904 can move inward, thus achieving a contraction function. This prevents the scraper 904 from scraping debris from the outer wall of the filter plate 902 to the leftmost end, avoiding ineffective scraping. When the scraper 904 is at the leftmost end of the collection box 9, it can extend outward, scraping debris from the outer wall of the filter plate 902 into the debris box for automatic collection. This achieves solid-liquid separation, preventing debris accumulation and subsequent ineffective processing.

[0035] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," which indicate direction or positional relationships, are based on the direction or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These are used merely for ease of description and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after such changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A CNC lathe for machining pistons, characterized in that, include: The base (1) has a protective box (2) for processing protection installed on its top. A cutting head (8) is installed on the inner wall of the protective box (2). A drive box (3) is installed on one side of the protective box (2). A limiting box (4) is installed on the inner wall of the drive box (3). The processing disc (5) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the drive box (3), and a clamping plate (501) is slidably connected to its outer wall. A reinforcing shaft (502) is slidably connected inside, which is used to drive the clamping plate (501) to clamp and fix the workpiece. The reinforcing shaft (502) is matched with the limiting box (4). A switching box (6) is slidably connected inside the protective box (2). A switching screw block (601) for pushing workpieces is slidably inside the switching box (6). The switching screw block (601) is drivenly connected to the switching tooth plate (602). The switching tooth plate (602) matches the top of the base (1). A guide ramp (7) is installed on the top of the base (1) and located at the bottom of the machining disk (5). A collection box (9) is installed at the bottom of the guide ramp (7). A diversion plate (901) for solid-liquid separation of cutting fluid is slidably connected inside the collection box (9).

2. A CNC lathe for machining pistons according to claim 1, characterized in that, A machining shaft (503) is installed at one end of the machining disk (5). The machining shaft (503) is rotatably connected inside the drive box (3). The machining shaft (503) is driven and connected to the output end of the drive motor (504) through two drive gears. The drive motor (504) is installed inside the drive box (3).

3. A CNC lathe for machining pistons according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer wall of the processing disc (5) is provided with a sliding groove (505), and the clamping plate (501) is slidably connected to the inside of the sliding groove (505). One end of the clamping plate (501) is equipped with an adjusting plate (506) through an adjusting screw. The processing disk (5) is slidably connected to a slide plate (507). A reinforcing inclined plate (508) is fixedly installed at one end of the slide plate (507). The thickness of the reinforcing inclined plate (508) decreases from the outside to the inside. The reinforcing inclined plate (508) abuts against one end of the clamping plate (501) to control the clamping plate (501) to clamp the workpiece. A return spring (511) is installed on the outer wall of the clamping plate (501) located at one end inside the processing disk (5). The other end of the return spring (511) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the processing disk (5) through a connecting plate. One end of the slide (507) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the reinforcing shaft (502), and the other end of the reinforcing shaft (502) is located outside the processing shaft (503), and a limiting oblique ring (509) is fixedly installed on its outer wall. The limiting oblique ring (509) matches the limiting box (4), and the other end of the slide (507) is connected to the inner wall of the processing disk (5) through a push spring (510).

4. A CNC lathe for machining pistons according to claim 3, characterized in that, The limiting box (4) is internally slidably connected to a limiting plate (401). One end of the limiting plate (401) is set as an inclined surface to limit the limiting inclined ring (509). One end of the limiting plate (401) is fixedly installed with a push spring (402), and the other end of the push spring (402) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the limiting box (4).

5. A CNC lathe for machining pistons according to claim 4, characterized in that, One end of the limiting plate (401) is also equipped with a switching cable (403). The other end of the switching cable (403) passes through the limiting box (4) and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the base (1). The outer wall of the switching cable (403) abuts against the bottom of the switching slider (404). The switching slider (404) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the base (1). One side of the bottom of the switching slider (404) is connected to the inner bottom wall of the base (1) through a pressure spring (405). The top of the switching slider (404) matches the bottom of the switching box (6).

6. A CNC lathe for machining pistons according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the switching box (6) is connected to the extended end of the switching cylinder (610), which is installed on the top of the protective box (2). A switching screw (603) is provided on the inner wall of the switching box (6). A worm spring is installed on the outer wall of one end of the switching screw (603). The other end of the worm spring is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the switching box (6). The switching screw block (601) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the switching screw (603). The switching screw block (601) is opposite to the switching port, which is located on the side wall of the switching box (6). A switching gear (604) is unidirectionally driven connected to the outer wall of the switching screw (603). The switching gear (604) meshes with the switching tooth plate (602). The bottom of the switching tooth plate (602) matches the top of the base (1). The top of the switching tooth plate (602) is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the switching box (6) by a compression spring (605). The bottom of the switching tooth plate (602) is a smooth plate.

7. A CNC lathe for machining pistons according to claim 6, characterized in that, The switching screw (603) has a switching groove (606) inside, and a switching plate (607) is slidably connected inside the switching groove (606). A top extension spring (608) is fixedly installed at one end of the switching plate (607) inside the switching groove (606), and the other end of the top extension spring (608) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the switching groove (606). The inner wall of the switching gear (604) is provided with a switching groove (609), which matches the switching plate (607).

8. A CNC lathe for machining pistons according to claim 7, characterized in that, The guide plate (7) has holes on its outer wall, and the inclined end of the guide plate (7) is opposite to the collection groove (701), which is located on the inner wall of the base (1).

9. A CNC lathe for machining pistons according to claim 8, characterized in that, A filter plate (902) is fixedly installed inside the collection box (9). A diverting screw (903) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the collection box (9). The diverting screw (903) is located on the upper part of the filter plate (902). The diverting plate (901) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the diverting screw (903). The interior of the collection box (9) is divided into a debris box and a liquid box by a filter plate (902). The debris box is located on one side of the collection box (9) and on one side of the filter plate (902), and the liquid box is located at the bottom of the filter plate (902). The shunt screw (903) is driven to the machining shaft (503) via a drive belt (10).

10. A CNC lathe for machining pistons according to claim 9, characterized in that, The inside of the diversion plate (901) is slidably connected to a scraper (904), and the two ends of the bottom of the scraper (904) are respectively fixedly installed with a retraction frame (905) and an extension frame (906). A shrinkage groove (907) is provided on the outer wall of the shrinkage rack (905). The inner wall of the shrinkage groove (907) matches the inclined end of the shrinkage block (908). The shrinkage block (908) slides inside the diversion plate (901). The thickness of the shrinkage block (908) decreases from the outside to the inside. A shrinkage rod (909) is fixedly installed at one end of the shrinkage block (908). The shrinkage rod (909) matches the side wall of the collection box (9). The outer wall of the extension frame (906) is provided with an extension groove (910), which matches the inclined end of the extension ramp (911). The extension ramp (911) has the opposite structure to the shrink ramp (908). One end of the extension ramp (911) is equipped with an extension rod, which matches the outer wall of the diverter plate (901).

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