Single laser beam split focus rotation assisted main laser welding device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of laser welding, in particular to a single laser beam separated focus rotating auxiliary main laser welding device. The device comprises a laser light source, a supporting system, a main light path system and a rotating light path system; the main light path system comprises a coated mirror and a focusing mirror arranged obliquely; the rotating light path system comprises a rotating driving assembly and a grooved annular mirror; the coated mirror divides the laser beam emitted by the laser light source into a main laser beam and a reflected laser beam; the reflected laser beam is reflected to the focusing mirror through the grooved annular mirror; the focusing mirror forms a main focus and a reflected light focus on the surface of a workpiece to be welded after focusing the main laser beam and the reflected laser beam; the rotating driving assembly drives the coated mirror to rotate, so that the reflected light focus on the surface of the workpiece to be welded rotates around the main focus. The single laser beam separated focus rotating auxiliary main laser welding device can solve the problem of poor stability of a keyhole in a single laser welding process, does not need to add other laser sources, is suitable for laser welding of metal materials, and has the advantages of simple structure, easy adjustment and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser material processing technology, and in particular to a single laser beam separation focus rotation-assisted master laser welding device. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, high-power lasers have attracted close attention from numerous scholars in the manufacturing field due to their significant advantages such as superior beam quality and low operating costs. Especially in the field of welding manufacturing, high-power laser welding technology has become one of the most promising research directions in the 21st century. Currently, this technology has shown broad application potential in aerospace, rail transportation, and automobile manufacturing. However, during laser deep penetration welding, the keyhole is often affected by energy and pressure imbalances, increasing the possibility of keyhole collapse and porosity formation. To address this challenge, laser-focused rotary welding technology has been cleverly introduced into the laser welding process. Through a high-frequency rotating laser focus, this technology can balance the laser energy input, optimize the flow behavior of the molten pool, thereby ensuring the stability of the welding process and generating high-quality welds free of spatter, cracks, and porosity. However, while improving welding stability and quality, laser-focused rotary welding technology sacrifices welding penetration and efficiency, leading to poor weld quality stability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a single laser beam separation focus rotation-assisted main laser welding device to solve the problem of keyhole stability during laser welding, and it is suitable for laser welding of metallic materials.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a single laser beam separation focus rotation-assisted main laser welding device, comprising a laser source, a support system, a main optical path system, and a rotating optical path system; The main optical path system includes a tilted coated mirror and a focusing mirror; The rotating optical path system includes a rotating drive assembly that drives the coated mirror to rotate and a grooved annular mirror; The laser source, the grooved ring mirror, the coated mirror, and the focusing lens are arranged sequentially on the support system from top to bottom; The coated reflector divides the laser beam emitted by the laser source into a main laser beam and a reflected laser beam. The reflected laser beam is reflected by the grooved ring reflector to the focusing lens. The focusing lens focuses the main laser beam and the reflected laser beam to form a main focus and a reflected light focus on the surface of the workpiece to be welded. The rotation drive component drives the coated reflector to rotate, so that the reflected light focus on the surface of the workpiece to be welded rotates around the main focus.

[0005] Preferably, the support system includes an outer support frame and an inner light-transmitting support frame, with the inner light-transmitting support frame rotatably installed inside the outer support frame.

[0006] Preferably, the coated mirror is installed inside the inner light-transmitting support frame, and the angle between the normal of the coated mirror and the axis of the laser beam is between 10° and 60°. The reflectivity of coated mirrors is between 5% and 50%. The rotation frequency of the coated mirror is between 10Hz and 100,000Hz.

[0007] Preferably, the laser source includes a laser and a collimating lens arranged sequentially from top to bottom within the inner light-transmitting support frame; The laser is any one of fiber laser, Nd:YAG laser, disk laser, blue laser, green laser, and semiconductor laser; the output power of the laser is 0.1kW-100kW.

[0008] Preferably, a positioning groove is provided on the upper circumferential side of the outer support frame, which is used to limit the rotation of the welded installation parts.

[0009] Preferably, the rotary drive assembly includes at least one mounting rod, the bottom of which is connected to the top of the inner light-transmitting support frame, and a drive gear is provided at the top of the mounting rod. The drive gear is connected to a drive motor on the mounting rod and meshes with a face gear inside the welded mounting component.

[0010] Preferably, the rotary drive assembly includes a drive gear ring mounted on the top of the inner light-transmitting support frame, the drive gear ring meshing with a drive gear, the drive gear being connected to a drive motor, and the drive motor being mounted on a welded mounting component.

[0011] Preferably, the diameter of the principal focal point formed on the workpiece surface is 0.01mm-1mm; the diameter of the reflected light focal point is 0.01mm-1mm; and the distance between the principal focal point and the reflected light focal point is 0.1mm-1mm.

[0012] Therefore, the present invention employs the above-mentioned single laser beam separation focus rotation-assisted main laser welding device, which has the following beneficial effects: This invention uses a coated reflector to split the laser beam into a penetrating main laser beam (high power) and a reflected laser beam (low power). The main laser beam forms a keyhole in the workpiece to be welded. Simultaneously, driven by a rotary drive assembly, the coated reflector rotates, causing the focal point of the reflected laser beam, reflected back to the workpiece surface by a grooved annular reflector, to rotate around the focal point of the main laser beam. This controls the laser-induced vaporization on the keyhole wall, resulting in more uniform stress on the keyhole wall, reducing the risk of keyhole collapse, and further reducing equipment costs, process complexity, and maintenance and calibration difficulties. Compared with traditional laser welding methods, this composite welding method is not only more stable but also produces higher quality welds with a lower risk of defect formation, such as porosity, collapse, and cracks.

[0013] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a single laser beam separation focus rotation-assisted main laser welding device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a single laser beam separation focus rotation-assisted main laser welding device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional perspective view of a single laser beam separation focus rotation-assisted main laser welding device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0015] Figure Labels 1. Outer support frame; 2. Inner light-transmitting support frame; 3. Coated reflector; 4. Laser; 5. Collimating lens; 6. Focusing lens; 7. Grooved ring reflector; 8. Original laser; 9. Collimated beam; 10. Main laser beam; 11. Reflected laser beam; 12. Rotary drive assembly; 121. Drive motor; 122. Mounting rod; 123. Drive gear; 124. Drive gear ring; 125. Drive gear; 13. Positioning slot. Detailed Implementation

[0016] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0017] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Example 1 like Figures 1-2 As shown, a single laser beam separation focal point rotation-assisted main laser welding device includes a laser source, a support system, a main optical path system, and a rotating optical path system.

[0019] The support system includes an outer support frame 1 and an inner light-transmitting support frame 2. The inner light-transmitting support frame 2 is rotatably installed inside the outer support frame 1. The upper circumferential side of the outer support frame 1 is provided with a positioning slot 13, which is used to limit the rotation of the welded installation parts.

[0020] The main optical path system includes a coated mirror 3 and a focusing mirror 6, which are set at an angle. The coated mirror 3 is installed in the inner light-transmitting support frame 2. The angle between the normal of the coated mirror 3 and the axis of the laser beam is between 10° and 60°. The reflectivity of the coated mirror 3 is between 5% and 50%.

[0021] The rotating optical path system includes a rotating drive assembly 12 that drives the coated mirror 3 to rotate and a grooved annular mirror 7. The rotation frequency of the coated mirror 3 is between 10Hz and 100,000Hz.

[0022] This embodiment utilizes the energy distribution characteristics of a Gaussian beam, allowing higher-energy laser light to pass directly through the coated reflector 3, while lower-energy laser light is reflected by the coated reflector 3 to the grooved annular reflector 7. This splits the single beam into a main laser beam 10 and a reflected laser beam 11. The inner high-power main laser beam 10 forms a keyhole, while the outer low-power reflected laser beam 11 acts on the keyhole wall to regulate the laser-induced vaporization on the keyhole wall. This results in more uniform stress on the keyhole wall, reducing the risk of collapse, and further lowering equipment costs, process complexity, and maintenance and calibration difficulties.

[0023] The laser source includes a laser 4 and a collimating lens 5 arranged sequentially from top to bottom within the inner light-transmitting support frame 2. The laser 4 is any one of fiber laser 4, Nd:YAG laser 4, disk laser 4, blue laser 4, green laser 4, and semiconductor laser 4. The output power of the laser 4 is 0.1kW-100kW.

[0024] To improve the intensity and uniformity of the reflected laser beam 11, a rotation drive assembly 12 is provided, which rotates the tilted coated reflector 3, thereby rotating the reflected laser beam 11. The rotation drive assembly 12 used in this embodiment includes two mounting rods 122. The bottom of the mounting rods 122 is connected to the top of the inner light-transmitting support frame 2. A drive gear 123 is provided at the top of the mounting rods 122. The drive gear 123 is connected to the drive motor 121 on the mounting rods 122. The drive gear 123 meshes with the face gear in the welded mounting part. When the drive motor 121 is started, the drive gear 123 rotates, causing the two mounting rods 122 to drive the inner light-transmitting support frame 2 to rotate. Under the rotation limit action of the positioning slot 13, the outer support frame 1 does not rotate.

[0025] A method based on a single laser beam separation focus rotation-assisted master laser welding device includes the following specific steps: Step S1: The laser source emits a raw laser beam 8, which is then collimated into a collimated beam 9 after passing through a straight lens.

[0026] Step S2: The collimated beam 9 is split into the main laser beam 10 and the reflected laser beam 11 when it passes through the coated reflector 3.

[0027] The main laser beam 10 is formed by the central part of the collimated beam 9 passing through the central light-transmitting part.

[0028] The reflected laser beam 11 is formed by the reflection of the collimated beam 9 through the coated reflector 3 and the grooved ring reflector 7.

[0029] The focusing lens 6 focuses the main laser beam 10 and the reflected laser beam 11 to form a main focal point and a reflected light focal point on the surface of the workpiece to be welded. The rotation drive assembly 12 drives the coated reflector 3 to rotate, so that the reflected light focal point on the surface of the workpiece rotates around the main focal point. The diameter of the main focal point formed on the workpiece surface is 0.01mm-1mm; the diameter of the reflected light focal point is 0.01mm-1mm; and the distance between the main focal point and the reflected light focal point is 0.1mm-1mm.

[0030] Compared with traditional laser welding methods, this composite welding method using a main laser beam 1010 and a reflected laser beam 1111 not only has a more stable welding process, but also produces higher quality welds with a lower risk of defects (such as porosity, collapse, and cracks).

[0031] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the rotary drive component 12 is different, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the rotation drive assembly 12 includes a drive gear ring 124 mounted on the top of the inner light-transmitting support frame 2. The drive gear ring 124 meshes with the drive gear 125. The drive gear 125 is connected to the drive motor 121. The drive motor 121 is mounted on the welded mounting part and directly drives the drive gear 125 to rotate, thereby causing the inner light-transmitting support frame 2 with the drive gear ring 124 to rotate, thus realizing the rotation of the coated reflector 3.

[0032] Therefore, this embodiment adopts the above-mentioned single laser beam separation focus rotation assisted main laser welding device and welding method to solve the problem of poor keyhole stability during laser welding, and is suitable for laser welding of metal materials.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-laser beam separation focal point rotation-assisted main laser welding device, characterized in that: This includes a laser source, a support system, a main optical path system, and a rotating optical path system; The main optical path system includes a tilted coated mirror and a focusing mirror; The rotating optical path system includes a rotating drive assembly that drives the coated mirror to rotate and a grooved annular mirror; The laser source, the grooved ring mirror, the coated mirror, and the focusing lens are arranged sequentially on the support system from top to bottom; The coated reflector divides the laser beam emitted by the laser source into a main laser beam and a reflected laser beam. The reflected laser beam is reflected by the grooved ring reflector to the focusing lens. The focusing lens focuses the main laser beam and the reflected laser beam to form a main focus and a reflected light focus on the surface of the workpiece to be welded. The rotation drive component drives the coated reflector to rotate, so that the reflected light focus on the surface of the workpiece to be welded rotates around the main focus.

2. The single-laser beam separation focal point rotation-assisted main laser welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support system includes an outer support frame and an inner light-transmitting support frame, with the inner light-transmitting support frame rotatably installed inside the outer support frame.

3. The single-laser beam separation focal point rotation-assisted main laser welding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The coated mirror is installed inside the inner light-transmitting support frame, and the angle between the normal of the coated mirror and the axis of the laser beam is between 10° and 60°. The reflectivity of coated mirrors is between 5% and 50%. The rotation frequency of the coated mirror is between 10Hz and 100,000Hz.

4. The single-laser beam separation focus rotation-assisted main laser welding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The laser source includes a laser and a collimating lens, which are arranged sequentially from top to bottom within the inner light-transmitting support frame; The laser is any one of fiber laser, Nd:YAG laser, disk laser, blue laser, green laser, and semiconductor laser; the output power of the laser is 0.1kW-100kW.

5. The single-laser beam separation focus rotation-assisted main laser welding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper circumferential side of the outer support frame is provided with a positioning slot, which is used to limit the rotation of the welded installation parts.

6. The single-laser beam separation focus rotation-assisted main laser welding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotary drive assembly includes at least one mounting rod, the bottom of which is connected to the top of the inner light-transmitting support frame. A drive gear is provided at the top of the mounting rod, which is connected to a drive motor on the mounting rod. The drive gear meshes with a face gear inside the welded mounting component.

7. The single-laser beam separation focal point rotation-assisted main laser welding device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotary drive assembly includes a drive gear ring mounted on top of the inner light-transmitting support frame. The drive gear ring meshes with a drive gear, which is connected to a drive motor. The drive motor is mounted on a welded mounting component.

8. A single laser beam separation focus rotation-assisted main laser welding device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The diameter of the principal focal point formed on the workpiece surface is 0.01mm-1mm; the diameter of the reflected light focal point is 0.01mm-1mm; and the distance between the principal focal point and the reflected light focal point is 0.1mm-1mm.

Images