A side-blown mechanism for a laser cutting perforation process

Abstract

The application discloses a side blowing mechanism of a laser cutting perforation process and belongs to the technical field of laser cutting side blowing. The side blowing mechanism of the laser cutting perforation process comprises a frame body mechanism and a high-pressure side blowing mechanism. One end of the frame body mechanism is fixed with a rotary driving mechanism, and the inner side of the frame body mechanism is rotationally connected with a wide-angle side blowing mechanism. The wide-angle and high-pressure double-nozzle side blowing structure is adopted. The wide-angle nozzle outputs a large-range diffused airflow to suppress cutting spatter, reduce temperature and remove dust. The high-pressure nozzle outputs a directional convergent airflow to remove stubborn slag in a cutting seam. The two work cooperatively, realize single-gas-source shunt stable pressure gas supply, guarantee stable output of respective airflow parameters, and realize stepless regulation and control of high-pressure airflow through the thread sliding cooperation of a pressure regulating valve core and an adjusting nut. When the valve core is closed, the super-high-pressure micro-hole jet flow can be switched. In cooperation with the rotary driving mechanism and the adjustable design of the double-nozzle pitch, the laser cutting and perforation slag removal working conditions of plates with different materials and thicknesses can be adapted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of laser cutting side blowing, and particularly relates to a side blowing mechanism for a laser cutting piercing process. Background Technique

[0002] Laser cutting piercing is a pre - process before laser cutting of plates. By focusing a high - power laser on the surface of the plate, the material is rapidly melted, vaporized, and a through - hole is formed, providing a starting process hole for subsequent continuous cutting. It is a key step to ensure the forming quality of the cutting starting point and the smoothness of the cutting trajectory. The side blowing mechanism supporting the laser cutting piercing process is mainly arranged beside the laser nozzle, and can eject a high - pressure auxiliary air flow in a specific direction. On the one hand, it can timely blow away the molten metal droplets, metal fumes and slag generated during the piercing process, avoiding the adhesion of slag to the hole wall, resulting in hole diameter deformation, hole mouth burrs and blockage. On the other hand, it can suppress the plasma cloud and strong light scattering generated by laser piercing, stabilize the focusing accuracy of the laser beam transmission, reduce the range of the heat - affected zone, prevent overheating and ablation discoloration of the surrounding area of the plate. At the same time, the air flow can quickly cool the piercing area, inhibit excessive thermal deformation of the material, and also block the splashing residue from adhering to the laser lens and the nozzle end face, protecting the optical devices from pollution and damage, effectively improving the roundness, smoothness of the hole and the overall stability of the cutting process.

[0003] The existing laser cutting piercing side blowing mechanisms are mostly side - axis fixed structures, which consist of a single side blowing pipe, a gas supply unit, a solenoid valve and a control system. The side blowing pipe is fixed on the side of the laser head nozzle, and the pipe orifice is obliquely facing the piercing area. For example, a metal plate laser cutting machine disclosed in Chinese Patent CN121289782A includes a cutting table, a gantry and a control console. The gantry is connected with a moving table, the moving table is connected with a laser cutting component. The laser cutting component includes a laser seat, a connecting seat and a docking seat. An electric slider is arranged on one side of the connecting seat, a focusing component is arranged inside the connecting seat, a cleaning component is arranged inside the docking seat, and further includes: a gas guiding component for gas transmission; a detection component for detecting the gas pressure. The beneficial effects of this invention are: the gas guiding component uses a flexible connecting pipe to achieve stable gas transmission. It not only efficiently blows away the cutting slag through high - pressure gas, but also uses the air flow to dissipate heat from the focusing lens, avoiding the influence of high temperature on the optical performance. At the same time, the gas is branched to the detection component, and the air pressure state can be intuitively feedback through the linkage of the piston cavity and the reed. It can also assist in cleaning the slag outside the nozzle through the branched gas, extending the nozzle life.

[0004] Although the above - mentioned device can both efficiently blow away the cutting slag through high - pressure gas and assist in cleaning the slag outside the nozzle through the branched gas to extend the nozzle life, it still has the following defects in actual use:

[0005] 1. Side-blowing operations using only a single path and a single nozzle cannot simultaneously achieve the coordinated operation of wide-angle splash suppression and cooling with conical high-pressure directional slag removal. The purging coverage is limited, making it difficult to meet the dual requirements of splash suppression, workpiece cooling, and cleaning of stubborn slag deep in the cut.

[0006] 2. Lacking an adaptive adjustable valve core pressure regulating structure and servo rotation mechanism, it cannot steplessly and precisely control the flow rate and velocity of high-pressure airflow, nor can it drive the side-blowing structure to perform limit rotation to achieve multi-angle circumferential blowing. It can only operate in a fixed position, and its ability to adapt to plate thickness, material and complex cutting contours is poor. Its versatility in working conditions and thoroughness of slag removal are both significantly insufficient. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a side-blowing mechanism for laser cutting and perforation process.

[0008] The technical solution adopted to solve the above technical problems is: a side-blowing mechanism for laser cutting and perforation process, including a frame mechanism and a high-pressure side-blowing mechanism. One end of the frame mechanism is fixed with a rotary drive mechanism, and a wide-angle side-blowing mechanism is rotatably connected to the inner side of the frame mechanism. The wide-angle side-blowing mechanism includes a wide-angle nozzle body. The inside of the wide-angle nozzle body is integrally formed with a first partition plate, and a first throttling hole is opened on the first partition plate. The inside of the wide-angle nozzle body is integrally formed with a first pressure stabilizing cavity, and an elliptical nozzle is opened at the output end of the wide-angle nozzle body.

[0009] The bottom of the frame structure is rotatably connected to a high-pressure side-blowing mechanism. The high-pressure side-blowing mechanism includes a high-pressure nozzle body. An air inlet pipe is integrally formed on the high-pressure nozzle body. A second air inlet interface is integrally formed at the end of the air inlet pipe. A second partition is integrally formed on the inner side of the air inlet pipe. A second throttling hole is opened on the second partition. A second pressure stabilizing chamber is integrally formed inside the high-pressure nozzle body. A conical high-pressure nozzle is opened at the output end of the high-pressure nozzle body. A sliding groove is opened on the high-pressure nozzle body. An external thread is integrally formed at one end of the high-pressure nozzle body.

[0010] The high-pressure side-blowing mechanism is slidably connected to a pressure regulating valve core mechanism. The pressure regulating valve core mechanism includes a slide rod, one end of which has a radial notch. A conical valve core is fixed to the end of the slide rod near the radial notch. An ultra-high pressure nozzle is opened on the inner side of the conical valve core. A rotating connection part is coaxially fixed to the end of the slide rod away from the radial notch. An adjusting nut mechanism is rotatably connected to one end of the pressure regulating valve core mechanism. An air intake mechanism is fixed to the top of the frame mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, the frame mechanism includes a frame body, a fixing bolt passing through one end of the top of the frame body, a bushing integrally formed on the inner side of the frame body, and a first through hole, a second through hole and a third through hole provided on the frame body. The bushing is aligned with the axis of the first through hole, and the second through hole is aligned with the axis of the third through hole.

[0012] Through the above technical solution, the bushing and the first through hole on the frame body are used for rotating assembly of the wide-angle side blowing mechanism, and the second through hole and the third through hole on the frame body are used for rotating assembly of the high-pressure side blowing mechanism. The wide-angle side blowing mechanism and the high-pressure side blowing mechanism can be respectively hinged to support each other and achieve adjustable installation of their own pitch angle.

[0013] Furthermore, the rotary drive mechanism includes a hollow servo turntable, an output turntable is rotatably connected to the outside of the hollow servo turntable, a servo motor is fixed on one side of the hollow servo turntable, a connecting platform is integrally formed on the output turntable, a bolt hole is provided on the connecting platform, and the frame body is fixed to the connecting platform by fixing bolts and bolt holes.

[0014] Through the above technical solution, the hollow servo turntable relies on the servo motor to provide rotational power and drive the output turntable to rotate. The output turntable is stably assembled with the frame body through an integrated connecting platform, bolt holes and fixing bolts. This can drive the overall frame mechanism and the installed wide-angle side blowing mechanism and high-pressure side blowing mechanism to rotate as a whole, realizing multi-angle circumferential side blowing operation. The servo motor limits the rotation stroke of the output turntable so that its maximum rotation angle does not exceed the full rotation range, which can effectively avoid the air supply pipeline from twisting and tangling during rotation.

[0015] Furthermore, the input end of the wide-angle nozzle body is integrally formed with a first air inlet, and one side of the wide-angle nozzle body is integrally formed with a first pressure plate. A rotating shaft is coaxially fixed on the first pressure plate, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to a bushing. The other side of the first air inlet is integrally formed with a second pressure plate, and a first semi-threaded shaft is coaxially fixed on the second pressure plate. The first semi-threaded shaft passes through a first through hole.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, the wide-angle nozzle body introduces process gas through the first air inlet. The first throttling hole on the first partition can throttle and limit the airflow and isolate the mutual interference of air pressure. After throttling, the gas enters the first pressure stabilizing chamber to achieve pressure equalization and stabilization, and then forms a wide-angle air outlet through the elliptical nozzle. At the same time, the wide-angle nozzle body relies on the rotating shaft and bushing on the first pressure platform to rotate and cooperate, and achieves overall hinged installation and adjustable pitch angle through the first semi-threaded shaft on the second pressure platform with the first through hole.

[0017] Furthermore, the first semi-threaded shaft is rotatably connected to the first through hole, and a first fastening nut is threaded onto the first semi-threaded shaft.

[0018] Through the above technical solution, the rotational engagement between the first semi-threaded shaft and the first through hole enables free adjustment of the pitch angle of the wide-angle nozzle body. The first fastening nut can lock the first semi-threaded shaft after the angle is adjusted to the correct position, thereby fixing the tilt position of the wide-angle side blowing mechanism and preventing shaking or displacement during operation.

[0019] Furthermore, a second semi-threaded shaft is fixed on the high-pressure nozzle body, and a second fastening nut is threaded onto the second semi-threaded shaft.

[0020] Through the above technical solution, the high-pressure nozzle body is rotated and locked to the frame mechanism by means of the second semi-threaded shaft and the second fastening nut. The air inlet pipe is connected to the process gas through the second air inlet interface. The second throttling hole on the second partition can play the role of throttling and pressure distribution and isolating the air pressure interference between the two airflows. The airflow flows into the second pressure stabilizing chamber through the second throttling hole to achieve pressure stabilization and then is concentrated and sprayed out from the conical high-pressure nozzle. The sliding slot hole allows the internal valve core structure to slide and adjust the stroke. The external thread is used to cooperate with the adjustment component to achieve threaded assembly limit.

[0021] Furthermore, the second semi-threaded shaft passes through the third through hole and is rotatably connected to the third through hole, and the air intake pipe passes through the second through hole and is rotatably connected to the second through hole.

[0022] Through the above technical solution, the second semi-threaded shaft passes through the third through hole and forms a rotational fit, which can play a hinged support role for the high-pressure nozzle body. The air inlet pipe passes through the second through hole and simultaneously performs limit avoidance and rotation guidance, so that the high-pressure side blowing mechanism can smoothly achieve free adjustment of the pitch angle around the corresponding hole position without structural interference during the rotation process.

[0023] Furthermore, the slide rod is slidably connected to the sliding groove hole, and the outer taper of the conical valve core is the same as the inner taper of the conical high-pressure nozzle.

[0024] Through the above technical solution, the sliding rod and the sliding groove on the high-pressure nozzle body form a precise sliding fit, which can drive the conical valve core at the end to move back and forth smoothly along the axial direction. The outer taper of the conical valve core and the inner taper of the conical high-pressure nozzle are perfectly matched and fitted. The size of the airflow gap can be flexibly adjusted by changing the axial distance between the two. The radial notch at the end of the sliding rod can effectively guide the airflow in the cavity, reduce airflow congestion and eddy phenomena, and ensure smooth and stable airflow delivery. The ultra-high pressure nozzle integrated inside the conical valve core can form a high-speed high-pressure jet output with a very small aperture when the conical valve core and the conical high-pressure nozzle are completely fitted and sealed to block the annular gap. It is suitable for the purging of stubborn molten slag. At the same time, the rotating connection part fixed coaxially at the end of the sliding rod can be stably rotated and assembled with the adjustment component, ensuring that the valve core adjustment process is flexible, smooth and precise, and achieving multi-level precise adjustment of high-pressure blowing flow and velocity.

[0025] Furthermore, the adjusting nut mechanism includes an adjusting sleeve, the inner side of which is machined with an internal thread, and a rotary connection hole is provided on the adjusting sleeve. The internal thread is threadedly connected to the external thread, and the rotary connection hole is rotatably connected to the rotary connection part.

[0026] Through the above technical solution, the adjusting nut mechanism relies on the internal thread on the inner side of the adjusting sleeve and the external thread at the end of the high-pressure nozzle body to form a threaded transmission engagement, enabling the adjusting sleeve to move smoothly forward and backward along the axial direction during rotation. At the same time, the adjusting sleeve forms a rotating assembly structure with the rotating connection part of the pressure regulating valve core mechanism through the rotating connection hole. This structure can not only push and pull the slide rod synchronously with the thread feed to achieve precise axial fine adjustment of the conical valve core, but also avoid the slide rod from becoming stuck due to torsion during adjustment. This effectively ensures the smoothness and accuracy of valve core position adjustment, achieving stepless precise control of the high-pressure airflow output state, and is suitable for various laser cutting, piercing, and slag blowing conditions.

[0027] Furthermore, the air intake mechanism includes a three-way connector, on which a first air outlet, a second air outlet, and an air inlet are fixed. A first flexible hose is connected to the first air outlet, and a first connector is connected to the end of the first flexible hose. A second flexible hose is connected to the second air outlet, and a second connector is connected to the end of the second flexible hose. A connecting seat is fixed to the bottom of the three-way connector. The first connector is connected to the first air inlet, and the second connector is connected to the second air inlet. An external pressurized air source is connected to the air inlet, and the connecting seat is fixed to the frame body.

[0028] Through the above technical solution, the three-way connector is securely installed on the frame body through the bottom connecting seat, realizing the integrated fixation of the air intake mechanism and the overall equipment. The external pressure air source can be connected to the interior of the three-way connector through the air inlet and complete the diversion and delivery. The first air outlet is connected to the first air inlet interface of the wide-angle nozzle body through the first hose and the first connector, and the second air outlet is connected to the second air inlet interface of the high-pressure nozzle body through the second hose and the second connector. The flexible characteristics of the hose connection can effectively adapt to the pitch angle adjustment and overall rotation movement of the wide-angle side blowing mechanism and the high-pressure side blowing mechanism, avoiding the pulling, twisting and interference of the pipeline. At the same time, the integrated three-way diversion structure realizes the independent air supply of a single air source and dual-way air supply, ensuring the stable delivery of the two side blowing airflows without interference, meeting the coordinated blowing requirements of wide-angle splash suppression and high-pressure slag discharge under different working conditions.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0030] 1. This invention uses a wide-angle side-blowing mechanism and a high-pressure side-blowing mechanism to form a dual-nozzle side-blowing structure. The wide-angle side-blowing mechanism can output a wide-range diffused airflow to suppress cutting spatter and uniformly cool and remove dust. The high-pressure side-blowing mechanism can output a directional converging airflow to blow away stubborn molten slag inside the cut. The two nozzles work together to form a synergistic effect. At the same time, with the help of the dual-path throttling isolation structure of the first baffle with the first throttling orifice and the second baffle with the second throttling orifice, a single air source can be used to achieve two independent and stable pressure supply, effectively isolating the air pressure crosstalk interference between the two airflows and ensuring that the air pressure and flow rate are stably output when the two nozzles work at the same time.

[0031] 2. This invention, through the threaded transmission and sliding cooperation of the pressure regulating valve core mechanism and the adjusting nut mechanism, can precisely adjust the size of the airflow gap between the conical valve core and the conical high-pressure nozzle, realizing stepless control of the high-pressure blowing flow rate and velocity. When the conical valve core is in contact with the sealing, it can switch to the ultra-high pressure nozzle to form a micro-hole high-speed jet. Combined with the rotating drive mechanism driving the overall multi-angle limiting circumferential side blowing and the dual nozzle pitch angle adjustable structure design, it can flexibly adapt to various working conditions of laser cutting and perforation slag cleaning of different materials and thicknesses of plates, with stronger versatility and adjustment adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the frame mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary drive mechanism of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the wide-angle side-blowing mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the wide-angle side-blowing mechanism of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the high-pressure side-blowing mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a partial three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the high-pressure side-blowing mechanism, the pressure regulating valve core mechanism, and the adjusting nut mechanism of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure regulating valve core mechanism of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the adjusting nut mechanism of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the air intake mechanism of the present invention.

[0042] Reference numerals: 1. Frame mechanism; 101. Frame body; 102. Fixing bolt; 103. Bushing; 104. First through hole; 105. Second through hole; 106. Third through hole; 2. Rotary drive mechanism; 201. Hollow servo turntable; 202. Output turntable; 203. Servo motor; 204. Connecting platform; 205. Bolt hole; 3. Wide-angle side-blowing mechanism; 301. Wide-angle nozzle body; 302. First partition; 303. First throttling orifice; 304. First pressure stabilizing chamber; 305. Elliptical nozzle; 306. First air inlet; 307. First pressure platform; 308. Rotating shaft; 309. Second pressure platform; 310. First semi-threaded shaft; 311. First fastening nut; 4. High-pressure side-blowing mechanism; 401. High-pressure nozzle body; 402. Air inlet pipe; 40 3. Second air inlet; 404. Second partition; 405. Second throttling orifice; 406. Second semi-threaded shaft; 407. Second fastening nut; 408. Second pressure stabilizing chamber; 409. Conical high-pressure nozzle; 410. Sliding groove; 411. External thread; 5. Pressure regulating valve core mechanism; 501. Slide rod; 502. Radial notch; 503. Conical valve core; 504. Ultra-high pressure nozzle; 505. Rotary connection part; 6. Adjusting nut mechanism; 601. Adjusting sleeve; 602. Internal thread; 603. Rotary connection hole; 7. Air inlet mechanism; 701. Three-way connector; 702. First air outlet; 703. First hose; 704. First connector; 705. Second air outlet; 706. Second hose; 707. Second connector; 708. Air inlet; 709. Connecting seat. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0044] like Figures 1-10 As shown, a side-blowing mechanism for laser cutting and perforation includes a frame mechanism 1 and a high-pressure side-blowing mechanism 4. The frame mechanism 1 includes a frame body 101, with a fixing bolt 102 passing through the top end of the frame body 101. A bushing 103 is integrally formed on the inner side of the frame body 101. The frame body 101 has a first through hole 104, a second through hole 105, and a third through hole 106. The bushing 103 is aligned with the axis of the first through hole 104, and the second through hole 105 is aligned with the axis of the third through hole 106. The bushing 103 and the first through hole 104 on the frame body 101 are used for rotatably assembling the wide-angle side-blowing mechanism 3, and the second through hole 105 and the third through hole 106 on the frame body 101 are used for rotatably assembling the high-pressure side-blowing mechanism 4. The wide-angle side-blowing mechanism 3 and the high-pressure side-blowing mechanism 4 can be hingedly supported respectively, and their pitch angles can be adjusted.

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a rotary drive mechanism 2 is fixed to one end of the frame mechanism 1. The rotary drive mechanism 2 includes a hollow servo turntable 201. The hollow servo turntable 201 has an inner diameter of 32mm, a load capacity of ≥18kg, and a maximum rotational speed of 30r / min. An output turntable 202 is rotatably connected to the outside of the hollow servo turntable 201. A servo motor 203 is fixed to one side of the hollow servo turntable 201. A connecting platform 204 is integrally formed on the output turntable 202. A bolt hole 205 is provided on the connecting platform 204. The frame body 101 is fixed to the connecting platform 204 by fixing bolts 102 and bolt holes 205. The hollow servo turntable 201 relies on the servo motor 203 to provide rotational power and drive the output turntable 202 to rotate. The output turntable 202 is stably assembled with the frame body 101 through the integrally formed connecting platform 204, bolt holes 205 and fixing bolts 102. This can drive the overall frame mechanism 1 and the mounted wide-angle side blowing mechanism 3 and high-pressure side blowing mechanism 4 to rotate as a whole, realizing multi-angle circumferential side blowing operation. The servo motor 203 limits the rotation stroke of the output turntable 202 so that its maximum rotation angle does not exceed the full rotation range, which can effectively avoid the air supply pipeline from twisting and tangling during rotation.

[0046] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, a wide-angle side-blowing mechanism 3 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the frame mechanism 1. The wide-angle side-blowing mechanism 3 includes a wide-angle nozzle body 301. A first partition 302 is integrally formed inside the wide-angle nozzle body 301. A first throttling orifice 303 is opened on the first partition 302. The orifice diameter of the first throttling orifice 303 is 2mm. A first pressure-stabilizing cavity 304 is integrally formed inside the wide-angle nozzle body 301. An elliptical nozzle 305 is opened at the output end of the wide-angle nozzle body 301. The major axis of the ellipse of the elliptical nozzle 305 is 12mm. The minor axis of the ellipse is 4.5mm. A first air inlet 306 is integrally formed at the input end of the wide-angle nozzle body 301. A first pressure plate 307 is integrally formed on one side of the wide-angle nozzle body 301. A rotating shaft 308 is coaxially fixed on the first pressure plate 307 and rotatably connected to the bushing 103. A second pressure plate 309 is integrally formed on the other side of the first air inlet 306. A first semi-threaded shaft 310 is coaxially fixed on the second pressure plate 309. The first semi-threaded shaft 310 passes through the first through hole 104. The threaded shaft 310 is rotatably connected to the first through hole 104. A first fastening nut 311 is threaded onto the first semi-threaded shaft 310. The wide-angle nozzle body 301 introduces process gas through the first air inlet 306. The first throttling orifice 303 on the first partition 302 can throttle and limit the airflow and isolate the mutual interference of air pressure. The throttled gas enters the first pressure stabilizing chamber 304 to achieve pressure equalization and stabilization, and then forms a wide-angle air outlet through the elliptical nozzle 305. At the same time, the wide-angle nozzle body 301 relies on the first pressure platform. The rotating shaft 308 on 307 is rotatably engaged with the bushing 103, and the first semi-threaded shaft 310 on the second pressure plate 309 passes through the first through hole 104 to achieve overall hinged installation and adjustable pitch angle. The rotational engagement between the first semi-threaded shaft 310 and the first through hole 104 enables free adjustment of the pitch angle of the wide-angle nozzle body 301. The first fastening nut 311 can lock the first semi-threaded shaft 310 after the angle is adjusted to the correct position, thereby fixing the tilt position of the wide-angle side blowing mechanism 3 and preventing shaking or displacement during operation.

[0047] like Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, a high-pressure side-blowing mechanism 4 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the frame mechanism 1. The high-pressure side-blowing mechanism 4 includes a high-pressure nozzle body 401. An air inlet pipe 402 is integrally formed on the high-pressure nozzle body 401. A second air inlet interface 403 is integrally formed at the end of the air inlet pipe 402. A second partition 404 is integrally formed on the inner side of the air inlet pipe 402. A second throttling hole 405 is provided on the second partition 404. The diameter of the second throttling hole 405 is 2mm. A second pressure stabilizing chamber 408 is integrally formed inside the high-pressure nozzle body 401. The head body 401 has a tapered high-pressure nozzle 409 at its output end, with a minimum inner diameter of 5mm. The high-pressure nozzle body 401 has a sliding groove 410. One end of the high-pressure nozzle body 401 has an integrally formed external thread 411. A second semi-threaded shaft 406 is fixed to the high-pressure nozzle body 401, and a second fastening nut 407 is threaded onto the second semi-threaded shaft 406. The second semi-threaded shaft 406 passes through a third through hole 106 and is rotatably connected to the third through hole 106. The air inlet... Pipe 402 passes through and is rotatably connected to the second through hole 105. The high-pressure nozzle body 401 is rotated and locked to the frame mechanism 1 by means of the second semi-threaded shaft 406 and the second fastening nut 407. The air inlet pipe 402 is connected to the process gas through the second air inlet port 403. The second throttling hole 405 on the second partition 404 can play the role of throttling and pressure division and isolating the air pressure interference between the two airflows. The airflow flows into the second pressure stabilizing chamber 408 through the second throttling hole 405 to achieve pressure stabilization and then exits from the conical... The high-pressure nozzle 409 sprays out in a concentrated manner. The sliding slot 410 allows the internal valve core structure to slide and adjust the stroke. The external thread 411 is used to cooperate with the adjustment component to achieve threaded assembly limit. The second half-threaded shaft 406 passes through the third through hole 106 and forms a rotational fit, which can play a hinge support role for the high-pressure nozzle body 401. The air inlet pipe 402 passes through the second through hole 105 and simultaneously performs limit avoidance and rotation guidance, so that the high-pressure side blowing mechanism 4 can smoothly achieve free adjustment of the pitch angle around the corresponding hole position without structural interference during the rotation process.

[0048] like Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, a pressure regulating valve core mechanism 5 is slidably connected to the inner side of the high-pressure side-blowing mechanism 4. The pressure regulating valve core mechanism 5 includes a slide rod 501. One end of the slide rod 501 has a radial notch 502. A conical valve core 503 is fixed to the end of the slide rod 501 near the radial notch 502. An ultra-high pressure nozzle 504 is provided on the inner side of the conical valve core 503. The diameter of the ultra-high pressure nozzle 504 is 2.4mm. A rotating connection part 505 is coaxially fixed to the end of the slide rod 501 away from the radial notch 502. The slide rod 501 is slidably connected to the sliding groove hole 410. The outer taper of the conical valve core 503 is the same as the inner taper of the conical high-pressure nozzle 409. The slide rod 501 and the sliding groove hole 410 on the high-pressure nozzle body 401 form a precise sliding fit, which can drive the conical valve core 503 at the end to move smoothly back and forth axially. The outer taper of the conical valve core 503 perfectly matches the inner taper of the conical high-pressure nozzle 409. The size of the airflow gap can be flexibly adjusted by changing the axial distance between the two. The radial notch 502 at the end of the slide rod 501 can effectively guide the airflow in the cavity, reduce airflow congestion and eddy phenomena, and ensure smooth and stable airflow delivery. The ultra-high pressure nozzle 504 integrated inside the conical valve core 503 can form a high-speed high-pressure jet output with a very small aperture when the conical valve core 503 and the conical high-pressure nozzle 409 are completely fitted and sealed to block the annular gap. This is suitable for the purging of stubborn molten slag. At the same time, the rotating connection part 505 coaxially fixed at the end of the slide rod 501 can be stably rotated and assembled with the adjustment component, ensuring that the valve core adjustment process is flexible and smooth and the positioning is accurate, realizing multi-level precise adjustment of the high-pressure blowing flow rate and velocity.

[0049] like Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, one end of the pressure regulating valve core mechanism 5 is rotatably connected to an adjusting nut mechanism 6. The adjusting nut mechanism 6 includes an adjusting sleeve 601, the inner side of which is machined with an internal thread 602. A rotary connection hole 603 is provided on the adjusting sleeve 601. The internal thread 602 is threadedly connected to the external thread 411. The rotary connection hole 603 is rotatably connected to the rotary connection part 505. The adjusting nut mechanism 6 relies on the internal thread 602 on the inner side of the adjusting sleeve 601 and the external thread 411 at the end of the high-pressure nozzle body 401 to form a threaded transmission engagement, thereby adjusting the valve core mechanism 505. During the rotation of the screw sleeve 601, it can smoothly move forward and backward along the axial direction. At the same time, the adjusting screw sleeve 601 forms a rotating assembly structure with the rotating connecting part 505 of the pressure regulating valve core mechanism 5 through the rotating connecting hole 603. This structure can not only push and pull the slide rod 501 synchronously with the thread feed to achieve precise axial fine adjustment of the conical valve core 503, but also avoid the slide rod 501 from becoming stuck due to torsion during the adjustment process. This effectively ensures the smoothness and accuracy of the valve core position adjustment, and achieves stepless precise control of the high-pressure airflow output state, adapting to various laser cutting, piercing and slag blowing conditions.

[0050] like Figure 1 and Figure 10 As shown, an air intake mechanism 7 is fixed to the top of the frame mechanism 1. The air intake mechanism 7 includes a three-way connector 701. A first air outlet 702, a second air outlet 705, and an air inlet 708 are fixed to the three-way connector 701. A first flexible hose 703 is connected to the first air outlet 702, and a first connector 704 is connected to the end of the first flexible hose 703. A second flexible hose 706 is connected to the second air outlet 705, and a second connector 707 is connected to the end of the second flexible hose 706. A connecting seat 709 is fixed to the bottom of the three-way connector 701. The first connector 704 is connected to the first air inlet 306, and the second connector 707 is connected to the second air inlet 403. An external pressurized air source is connected to the air inlet 708. The connecting seat 709 is fixed to the frame body 101. The three-way connector 701 is securely installed on the frame body 101 through the connecting seat 709 at the bottom, realizing the air intake... The gas mechanism 7 is integrated and fixed with the overall equipment. An external pressure gas source can be connected to the three-way connector 701 through the air inlet 708 and the gas can be distributed. The first air outlet 702 is connected to the first air inlet 306 of the wide-angle nozzle body 301 through the first hose 703 and the first connector 704. The second air outlet 705 is connected to the second air inlet 403 of the high-pressure nozzle body 401 through the second hose 706 and the second connector 707. The flexible characteristics of the hose connection can effectively adapt to the pitch angle adjustment and overall rotation of the wide-angle side blowing mechanism 3 and the high-pressure side blowing mechanism 4, avoiding pipeline pulling, twisting and interference. At the same time, the integrated three-way distribution structure realizes the independent supply of gas from a single gas source to two channels, ensuring the stable delivery of the two side blowing airflows without interference, and meeting the coordinated blowing requirements of wide-angle splash suppression and high-pressure slag discharge under different working conditions.

[0051] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: The overall mechanism is fixed to the laser cutting machine head position by a hollow servo turntable 201. The external pressure air source is connected to the three-way connector 701 through the air inlet 708 of the air inlet mechanism 7, and is independently delivered to the wide-angle side blowing mechanism 3 and the high-pressure side blowing mechanism 4 through the first hose 703 and the second hose 706 respectively. The two airflows are throttled and isolated by the first throttling hole 303 and the second throttling hole 405 respectively, effectively avoiding mutual interference between the two air pressures. After being stabilized by the first pressure stabilizing chamber 304 and the second pressure stabilizing chamber 408, they are ejected from the elliptical nozzle 305 and the conical high-pressure nozzle 409 respectively for operation. Before operation, the wide-angle side blowing mechanism 3 and the high-pressure side blowing mechanism 4 can be rotated respectively, and the pitch angle can be adjusted by relying on the corresponding through holes and by the first fastening nut 311 and the second... Two fastening nuts 407 are used to lock and position the device. At the same time, the adjusting sleeve 601 is rotated, and the slide rod 501 is pushed to slide axially by the threaded transmission. This changes the gap between the conical valve core 503 and the conical high-pressure nozzle 409, thereby achieving stepless adjustment of airflow speed and pressure. When the valve core is fully in contact with the nozzle, the airflow can be ejected from the ultra-high pressure nozzle 504 to form a super-strong jet, which is suitable for cleaning stubborn slag. During the laser cutting and piercing process, the servo motor 203 drives the hollow servo turntable 201 to drive the frame mechanism 1 to rotate as a whole, so that the dual nozzles move around the workpiece at multiple angles. The wide-angle side blowing mechanism 3 suppresses cutting spatter over a large area, cools and removes dust evenly, and the high-pressure side blowing mechanism 4 blows away stubborn slag inside the cut in a directional manner. The two work together to effectively improve the quality of laser piercing and cutting, and are suitable for processing various types of plates with different thicknesses.

[0052] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A side-blowing mechanism for laser cutting and perforation process, comprising a frame mechanism (1) and a high-pressure side-blowing mechanism (4), characterized in that: One end of the frame mechanism (1) is fixed with a rotary drive mechanism (2), and the inside of the frame mechanism (1) is rotatably connected with a wide-angle side blowing mechanism (3). The wide-angle side blowing mechanism (3) includes a wide-angle nozzle body (301). The inside of the wide-angle nozzle body (301) is integrally formed with a first partition (302). The first partition (302) is provided with a first throttling hole (303). The inside of the wide-angle nozzle body (301) is integrally formed with a first pressure stabilizing chamber (304). The output end of the wide-angle nozzle body (301) is provided with an elliptical nozzle (305). The bottom of the frame mechanism (1) is rotatably connected to a high-pressure side-blowing mechanism (4). The high-pressure side-blowing mechanism (4) includes a high-pressure nozzle body (401). An air inlet pipe (402) is integrally formed on the high-pressure nozzle body (401). A second air inlet interface (403) is integrally formed at the end of the air inlet pipe (402). A second partition (404) is integrally formed on the inner side of the air inlet pipe (402). A second throttling hole (405) is opened on the second partition (404). A second pressure stabilizing chamber (408) is integrally formed inside the high-pressure nozzle body (401). A conical high-pressure nozzle (409) is opened at the output end of the high-pressure nozzle body (401). A sliding groove hole (410) is opened on the high-pressure nozzle body (401). An external threaded opening (411) is integrally formed at one end of the high-pressure nozzle body (401). The pressure regulating valve core mechanism (5) is slidably connected to the inner side of the high-pressure side blowing mechanism (4). The pressure regulating valve core mechanism (5) includes a slide rod (501). One end of the slide rod (501) is provided with a radial notch (502). A conical valve core (503) is fixed to the end of the slide rod (501) near the radial notch (502). An ultra-high pressure nozzle (504) is provided on the inner side of the conical valve core (503). A rotating connection part (505) is coaxially fixed to the end of the slide rod (501) away from the radial notch (502). An adjusting nut mechanism (6) is rotatably connected to one end of the pressure regulating valve core mechanism (5). An air intake mechanism (7) is fixed to the top of the frame mechanism (1).

2. The side-blowing mechanism for a laser cutting and perforation process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame mechanism (1) includes a frame body (101), a fixing bolt (102) is provided at one end of the top of the frame body (101), a bushing (103) is integrally formed on the inner side of the frame body (101), a first through hole (104), a second through hole (105) and a third through hole (106) are provided on the frame body (101), the bushing (103) is aligned with the axis of the first through hole (104), and the second through hole (105) is aligned with the axis of the third through hole (106).

3. The side-blowing mechanism for a laser cutting and perforation process according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotary drive mechanism (2) includes a hollow servo turntable (201), an output turntable (202) is rotatably connected to the outside of the hollow servo turntable (201), a servo motor (203) is fixed on one side of the hollow servo turntable (201), a connecting platform (204) is integrally formed on the output turntable (202), and a bolt hole (205) is provided on the connecting platform (204). The frame body (101) is fixed to the connecting platform (204) by fixing bolts (102) and bolt holes (205).

4. The side-blowing mechanism for laser cutting and perforation process according to claim 2, characterized in that, The input end of the wide-angle nozzle body (301) is integrally formed with a first air inlet (306). A first pressure plate (307) is integrally formed on one side of the wide-angle nozzle body (301). A rotating shaft (308) is coaxially fixed on the first pressure plate (307). The rotating shaft (308) is rotatably connected to the bushing (103). A second pressure plate (309) is integrally formed on the other side of the first air inlet (306). A first semi-threaded shaft (310) is coaxially fixed on the second pressure plate (309). The first semi-threaded shaft (310) passes through the first through hole (104).

5. The side-blowing mechanism for a laser cutting and perforation process according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first semi-threaded shaft (310) is rotatably connected to the first through hole (104), and the first semi-threaded shaft (310) is threaded with a first fastening nut (311).

6. The side-blowing mechanism for a laser cutting and perforation process according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second semi-threaded shaft (406) is fixed on the high-pressure nozzle body (401), and a second fastening nut (407) is threaded onto the second semi-threaded shaft (406).

7. The side-blowing mechanism for a laser cutting and perforation process according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second semi-threaded shaft (406) passes through the third through hole (106) and is rotatably connected to the third through hole (106), and the air intake pipe (402) passes through the second through hole (105) and is rotatably connected to the second through hole (105).

8. The side-blowing mechanism for a laser cutting and perforation process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slide bar (501) is slidably connected to the sliding slot (410), and the outer taper of the conical valve core (503) is the same as the inner taper of the conical high-pressure nozzle (409).

9. The side-blowing mechanism for a laser cutting and perforation process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting nut mechanism (6) includes an adjusting sleeve (601), the inner side of which is machined with an internal thread (602), and a rotary connection hole (603) is provided on the adjusting sleeve (601). The internal thread (602) is threadedly connected to the external thread (411), and the rotary connection hole (603) is rotatably connected to the rotary connection part (505).

10. The side-blowing mechanism for a laser cutting and perforation process according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air intake mechanism (7) includes a three-way connector (701), on which a first air outlet (702), a second air outlet (705), and an air inlet (708) are fixed. A first hose (703) is connected to the first air outlet (702), and a first connector (704) is connected to the end of the first hose (703). A second hose (706) is connected to the second air outlet (705), and a second connector (707) is connected to the end of the second hose (706). A connecting seat (709) is fixed to the bottom of the three-way connector (701). The first connector (704) is connected to the first air inlet (306), and the second connector (707) is connected to the second air inlet (403). The air inlet (708) is connected to an external pressure air source, and the connecting seat (709) is fixed to the frame body (101).

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