A welding apparatus for processing a sheet metal member having a three-dimensional shape

Abstract

The present application is suitable for the field of welding technology, and provides a welding device for processing sheet metal parts with three-dimensional shapes, which mainly comprises a welding mechanism and a positioning mechanism, and the positioning mechanism is composed of a lifting part and a clamping part. The welding mechanism is provided with a guide vertical rod and an elastic spring, which can guide and limit the clamping part, and play a role of shock absorption and flexible support. The clamping part adopts a curve clamping structure of motor, screw rod and connecting rod linkage, which can adapt to the three-dimensional sheet metal curved surface, and can drive the workpiece to overturn and lock, meeting the multi-surface welding requirement. The lifting part can adjust and lock the working height of the clamping part, and the laser welder at the top of the device can realize horizontal and vertical adjustment. The present application effectively overcomes the defects of poor shock absorption effect, inconvenient welding point position adjustment and difficulty in clamping special-shaped sheet metal of the traditional device, and has high overall positioning precision, good workpiece protection effect, high automation degree and strong universality, and can be applied to the welding processing of various three-dimensional sheet metal parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding technology, and more specifically, to a welding apparatus for processing sheet metal parts having a three-dimensional shape. Background Technology

[0002] Sheet metal parts, with their advantages of light weight, high strength, and good formability, are widely used in many industries such as machinery manufacturing, home appliances, automobiles, and precision equipment. As product shapes become increasingly diversified, the proportion of sheet metal parts with three-dimensional curved surfaces and irregular structures continues to rise. These workpieces have complex structures and varied surface curvatures, which places higher demands on the positioning, clamping, and welding operation flexibility of welding fixtures.

[0003] Most conventional sheet metal welding equipment and tooling on the market are designed for planar, regular-shaped sheet metal parts, and their functions are relatively limited. When processing three-dimensional sheet metal parts, they often encounter the following technical problems: The workpiece support structure in existing welding equipment for three-dimensional sheet metal parts lacks buffer components. Vibrations generated during the welding process are directly transmitted to the workpiece, further aggravating problems such as weld seam misalignment and uneven weld points. In addition, the position adjustment method in existing welding equipment for three-dimensional sheet metal parts is simple, making it difficult to flexibly adjust the welding point according to the weld seam at different positions of the three-dimensional sheet metal part, resulting in poor adaptability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a welding device for processing sheet metal parts with three-dimensional shapes, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art by means of the connection and cooperation between the welding mechanism and the positioning mechanism.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A welding device for processing sheet metal parts with three-dimensional shapes includes a welding mechanism and a positioning mechanism. The positioning mechanism includes a lifting component that slides on the welding mechanism and a clamping component that slides on the positioning mechanism. The welding mechanism includes a welding base plate with a U-shaped vertical frame fixed to the top. Vertical grooves are formed through the two opposite outer sides of the U-shaped vertical frame. Base plates are fixed to the bottom of the two vertical grooves. Guide vertical rods are fixed to the top of the two base plates. Elastic springs are fixed to the top of the two base plates and respectively sleeved on the two guide vertical rods. The two elastic springs are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom of the clamping component, and the clamping component slides between the two vertical grooves.

[0006] The present invention is further configured such that: the clamping member includes two I-shaped plates that are slidably fitted inside the two vertical grooves, and the top of each of the two I-shaped plates is provided with a guide hole that is slidably fitted on the guide vertical rod; the opposite sides of the two I-shaped plates are rotatably fitted with a rotating shaft through a bearing; and the ends of the two rotating shafts are fixed with a T-shaped plate.

[0007] The invention is further configured such that: a limiting groove is formed through the top of each of the two T-shaped plates; a limiting slider is slidably engaged inside each of the two limiting grooves; two symmetrical first pins are fixed to the top of each of the two limiting sliders; rotating arms are rotatably engaged on the circumferential sides of each of the two first pins; curved channels are fixed to opposite sides of each of the T-shaped plates; curved sliders are slidably engaged inside each of the two curved channels; second pins are fixed to the top of each of the two curved sliders; the two second pins are rotatably engaged with the two rotating arms respectively; a curved clamping plate is fixed to one side of each of the two curved sliders; and a curved protective pad is fixed to the inner wall of the curved clamping plate.

[0008] The invention is further configured as follows: a right-angled trapezoidal vertical plate is fixed to the bottom of each of the two limiting sliders; a rectangular vertical frame is fixed to the bottom of each of the two T-shaped plates; an adjusting screw is rotatably fitted inside each of the two rectangular vertical frames via bearings; a dual-axis motor is fixed to the bottom of one of the rectangular vertical frames and is fixedly connected to the end of one adjusting screw; a first sprocket is fixed to the other output shaft of the dual-axis motor; a second sprocket is fixed to the end of the other adjusting screw below the other rectangular vertical frame; a transmission chain is drivingly connected between the second sprocket and the first sprocket; adjusting sliders are slidably fitted inside each of the two rectangular vertical frames and are threadedly rotatably connected to the two adjusting screws; an extension rod is fixed to one opposite side of each of the two adjusting sliders; and sliding balls are fixed to the ends of each of the two extension rods, which are slidably fitted to the inclined surfaces of the two right-angled trapezoidal vertical plates respectively.

[0009] The invention is further configured as follows: a brake motor is fixed to one side of one of the I-shaped plates, and a drive gear is fixed to the output shaft of the brake motor; a driven gear that meshes with the drive gear is fixed to the circumferential side of one of the rotating shafts; a baffle is fixed to the top of another I-shaped plate, and a first telescopic cylinder is fixed to the side of the baffle; a T-shaped transverse groove is opened on one side of another I-shaped plate, and a moving block that is slidably engaged with the telescopic end of the first telescopic cylinder is fixed inside the T-shaped transverse groove; a plug rod that is inserted into another rotating shaft is fixed to one side of the moving block.

[0010] The invention is further configured such that: a second telescopic cylinder is fixed to the top of the welding base plate; two symmetrically arranged mounting frames are fixed to the surface of the U-shaped vertical frame; and a U-shaped base plate is fixed to one outer side of each of the two mounting frames; the lifting component includes a lifting frame fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the second telescopic cylinder.

[0011] The invention is further configured such that: two lifting rails are fixed on one side of the lifting frame, each slidingly engaged within one of the two vertical slots; a first hinge seat is fixed on one side of each of the two lifting rails; a lifting arm is hinged within each of the two first hinge seats; a second hinge seat is hinged on each of the two lifting arms, each slidingly engaged within one of the two U-shaped base plates; an extension rod is fixed on one outer side of each of the two second hinge seats, slidingly engaging with the two mounting frames; and a U-shaped fixing plate adapted to the two I-shaped plates is fixed at the end of each of the two extension rods inside the two mounting frames.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that: a side support plate is fixed to the top of the U-shaped vertical frame, a third telescopic cylinder is fixed to one side of the side support plate, a transverse groove is opened through the top of the U-shaped vertical frame, a movable frame that slides with the transverse groove is fixed to the telescopic end of the third telescopic cylinder, a fourth telescopic cylinder is fixed to the bottom of the movable frame, and a laser welder is fixed to the telescopic end of the fourth telescopic cylinder.

[0013] The advantages of this invention are: 1. This invention adopts a sliding guide structure between the guide rod and the vertical groove to ensure that the clamping part does not shift horizontally when moving up and down, and has high positioning accuracy. It is combined with an elastic spring to form a flexible support, which can offset the vibration generated during the welding process, avoid workpiece displacement, and ensure welding quality. On the other hand, it can avoid rigid extrusion and scratching of the curved and irregular surfaces of the three-dimensional sheet metal parts, protect the appearance and structural integrity of the workpiece, and the spring rebound force can prevent the clamping part from sliding down unexpectedly, further improving the safety of operation.

[0014] 2. This invention uses a brake motor, gear transmission and plug-in positioning structure to drive the clamped sheet metal parts to achieve angle flipping and timely locking and fixing. During the entire welding process, the operator does not need to manually move or re-clamp the workpiece, and can complete the continuous welding of the front and back sides and multiple sides of the workpiece, reduce secondary positioning errors, simplify the operation process, and is especially suitable for welding operations of multi-weld seams and complex three-dimensional sheet metal parts.

[0015] 3. This invention uses a clamping component equipped with a linkage clamping mechanism consisting of a motor, lead screw, sprocket chain, connecting rod, and curved clamping plate. The clamping posture is automatically adjusted according to the outline of the three-dimensional sheet metal part. The curved clamping plate, together with the curved protective pad, can closely fit various curved and irregularly shaped sheet metal parts. The clamping force is controllable, which can not only firmly fix the workpiece, but also avoid excessive clamping force causing sheet metal deformation. It can adapt to the processing of three-dimensional sheet metal parts with different curvatures and shapes, thus broadening the application range of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a welding device for processing sheet metal parts with three-dimensional shapes according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the welding mechanism of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a front view of the welding mechanism of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning mechanism of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting component of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping component of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping component of the present invention from another angle.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a front view of the clamping component of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Welding mechanism; 2. Positioning mechanism; 3. Lifting component; 4. Clamping component; 101. Welding base plate; 102. U-shaped vertical frame; 103. Vertical groove; 104. Base plate; 105. Guide vertical rod; 106. Elastic spring; 107. Second telescopic cylinder; 108. Mounting frame; 109. U-shaped base plate; 110. Side support plate; 111. Third telescopic cylinder; 112. Horizontal groove; 113. Moving frame; 114. Fourth telescopic cylinder; 115. Laser welder; 301. Lifting frame; 302. Lifting rail; 303. First hinge seat; 304. Lifting arm; 305. Second hinge seat; 306. Extension rod; 307. U-shaped fixing plate; 401. I-shaped plate; 402. Guide hole; 403. Rotating shaft ; 404, T-shaped plate; 405, limiting groove; 406, limiting slider; 407, first pin; 408, rotating arm; 409, curved groove; 410, curved slider; 411, second pin; 412, curved clamping plate; 413, curved protective pad; 414, right-angled trapezoidal vertical plate; 415, rectangular vertical frame; 416, adjusting screw; 417, dual-axis motor; 418, first sprocket; 419, second sprocket; 420, transmission chain; 421, brake motor; 422, drive gear; 423, driven gear; 424, baffle; 425, first telescopic cylinder; 426, T-shaped transverse groove; 427, moving block; 428, plug-in rod; 429, adjusting slider; 430, extension round rod; 431, sliding ball. Detailed Implementation

[0025] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0027] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, the directional terms such as "up" and "down" generally refer to the directions shown in the accompanying drawings, or to the vertical, perpendicular, or gravitational direction; similarly, for ease of understanding and description, "left" and "right" generally refer to the left and right shown in the accompanying drawings; "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of each component itself, but the above directional terms are not intended to limit this invention.

[0028] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1-8 The present invention provides the following technical solution: a welding device for processing sheet metal parts with three-dimensional shapes, specifically including a welding mechanism 1 and a positioning mechanism 2. The positioning mechanism 2 includes a lifting member 3 that slides on the welding mechanism 1 and a clamping member 4 that slides on the positioning mechanism 2. The welding mechanism 1 includes a welding base plate 101, a U-shaped vertical frame 102 fixed to the top of the welding base plate 101, vertical grooves 103 extending through the two opposite outer sides of the U-shaped vertical frame 102, a base plate 104 fixed to the bottom of each of the two vertical grooves 103, a guide vertical rod 105 fixed to the top of each of the two base plates 104, and an elastic spring 106 fixed to the top of each of the two base plates 104 respectively sleeved on the two guide vertical rods 105. The two elastic springs 106 are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom of the clamping member 4, and the clamping member 4 slides between the two vertical grooves 103.

[0029] The specific application of this embodiment is as follows: After the equipment is powered on, check the status of each component of the welding mechanism 1 and the positioning mechanism 2: confirm that the welding base plate 101 is placed stably, the U-shaped vertical frame 102 is fixed firmly, and the guide vertical rods 105 and elastic springs 106 in the vertical grooves 103 on both sides are free from jamming and deformation; at the same time, check that the clamping part 4 can slide smoothly vertically between the two sets of vertical grooves 103, and that the elastic spring 106 has normal extension and contraction force; and according to the outer dimensions and curved surface structure of the three-dimensional sheet metal part to be processed, initially reset each moving part of the equipment: under the support of the elastic spring 106, the clamping part 4 is in the initial high position inside the vertical groove 103, leaving space for the sheet metal part to be placed; Before welding, the operator moves the 3D sheet metal part to be welded onto the clamping part 4, manually adjusts the posture of the sheet metal part, aligns the area to be welded with the subsequent welding station, and places the clamping part of the sheet metal part in the corresponding support position of the clamping part 4. After placement, the clamping part 4 is gently pressed down, and the clamping part 4 slides down along the guide vertical rods 105 on both sides and along the vertical groove 103. During this process, the clamping part 4 compresses the elastic spring 106 at the bottom. Relying on the cooperation of the guide vertical rods 105 and the guide structure, the clamping part 4 is kept horizontal and does not deviate when moving up and down. When the clamping part 4 moves down to a suitable height and the sheet metal part is in contact with the positioning reference, the downward pressure is stopped. At this time, the elastic spring 106 provides flexible support for the clamping part 4 and the sheet metal part, avoiding rigid contact that could damage the curved surface or irregular structure of the 3D sheet metal part. On the other hand, the spring rebound force forms an upward clamping force on the clamping part 4, preventing the clamping part 4 from sliding down unnecessarily during operation and ensuring the positioning stability of the sheet metal part. After the above preparations are completed, the sheet metal parts are initially clamped and positioned. The welding unit of the equipment is started, and the welding components mounted on the welding mechanism 1 are used to weld the pre-set weld seams of the three-dimensional sheet metal parts. During the welding process, if the workpiece is affected by welding vibration or slight stress, the clamping part 4 can use the elastic spring 106 to achieve a slight up-and-down floating buffer to offset the displacement deviation caused by the vibration. The sliding fit structure between the guide rod 105 and the vertical groove 103 restricts the horizontal displacement of the clamping part 4 throughout the process, ensuring the welding position accuracy of the three-dimensional sheet metal parts and effectively adapting to the welding conditions of irregular and three-dimensional curved sheet metal parts. At the same time, for three-dimensional sheet metal parts of different height specifications, the vertical position of the clamping part 4 in the vertical groove 103 can be adjusted, and the extension stroke of the elastic spring 106 can be used to flexibly adapt to the workpiece height. The basic positioning welding of various small three-dimensional sheet metal parts can be completed without additional tooling modifications.

[0030] Example 2, please refer to Figures 1-8This second embodiment improves upon the first embodiment as follows: Specifically, the clamping member 4 includes two I-shaped plates 401 that are slidably fitted inside the two vertical grooves 103. Each of the two I-shaped plates 401 has a guide hole 402 that is slidably fitted onto the guide rod 105 at its top. Each of the two I-shaped plates 401 has a rotating shaft 403 rotatably fitted onto one opposite side via a bearing. A T-shaped plate 404 is fixed to the end of each of the two rotating shafts 403. A limiting groove 405 is formed at the top of each of the two T-shaped plates 404. A limiting slider 406 is slidably fitted inside each of the two limiting grooves 405. Two symmetrical first pins 407 are fixed to the top of each of the two limiting sliders 406. 07. Rotating arms 408 are rotatably fitted on both sides of the T-shaped plate 404. Curved channels 409 are fixed on both opposite sides of the T-shaped plate 404. Curved sliders 410 are slidably fitted inside the two curved channels 409. Second pins 411 are fixed to the top of the two curved sliders 410. The two second pins 411 are rotatably fitted with the two rotating arms 408 respectively. Curved clamps 412 are fixed to one side of the two curved sliders 410. Curved protective pads 413 are fixed to the inner wall of the curved clamps 412. Right-angled trapezoidal vertical plates 414 are fixed to the bottom of the two limit sliders 406. Rectangular vertical frames 415 are fixed to the bottom of the two T-shaped plates 404. Adjusting screws are rotatably fitted inside the two rectangular vertical frames 415 through bearings. A rod 416 has a rectangular vertical frame 415 with a double-axis motor 417 fixed to the bottom of the frame and connected to the end of an adjusting screw 416. A first sprocket 418 is fixed to the other output shaft of the double-axis motor 417. A second sprocket 419 is fixed to the end of another adjusting screw 416 below another rectangular vertical frame 415. A transmission chain 420 connects the second sprocket 419 and the first sprocket 418. Adjusting sliders 429, threadedly connected to the two adjusting screws 416, are slidably fitted inside both rectangular vertical frames 415. Extending rods 430 are fixed to opposite sides of each of the two adjusting sliders 429, and each of the two extending rods 430 has a right-angled trapezoidal vertical plate fixed to its end. 414 Sliding ball 431 with inclined surface sliding fit; a brake motor 421 is fixed on one side of an I-shaped plate 401, a drive gear 422 is fixed on the output shaft of the brake motor 421, and a driven gear 423 that meshes with the drive gear 422 is fixed on the circumferential side of a rotating shaft 403; a baffle 424 is fixed on the top of another I-shaped plate 401, a first telescopic cylinder 425 is fixed on the side of the baffle 424, a T-shaped transverse groove 426 is opened on one side of another I-shaped plate 401, a moving block 427 that is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the first telescopic cylinder 425 is slidably fitted inside the T-shaped transverse groove 426, and a plug rod 428 that is plugged into another rotating shaft 403 is fixed on one side of the moving block 427.

[0031] The specific application of this embodiment two is as follows: After the equipment is powered on, check each component of the clamping parts in sequence: confirm that the guide holes 402 of the two sets of I-shaped plates 401 can slide smoothly along the guide vertical rod 105, and the rotating shaft 403 rotates flexibly; the brake motor 421 and the dual-axis motor 417 operate normally, and the sprocket and chain drive are without jamming; the first telescopic cylinder 425 telescopic movement is smooth, and the curved clamping plate 412 and the curved protective pad 413 are intact and without wear; After the above inspection is completed, the I-shaped plate 401 is positioned at the high position of the vertical groove 103 under the support of the elastic spring 106; the rotating shaft 403 remains horizontal, and the plug rod 428 disengages from the rotating shaft 403; the limit slider 406 and the curved slider 410 return to their positions, and the two sets of curved clamping plates 412 remain open, reserving space for the workpiece. Subsequently, the three-dimensional curved sheet metal part to be welded is placed between the two sets of T-shaped plates 404, and the workpiece position is initially aligned manually so that the curved part of the sheet metal part is directly opposite the two curved clamping plates 412. The dual-axis motor 417 is then started, and the motor drives the adjusting screw 416 on one side to rotate. At the same time, the adjusting screw 416 on the other side is driven to rotate in linkage through the first sprocket 418, the transmission chain 420, and the second sprocket 419. The two adjusting screws 416 simultaneously push the corresponding adjusting sliders. 429 moves upward, causing the extension rod 430 and the sliding ball 431 to move synchronously. The sliding ball 431 slides upward along the inclined surface of the right-angled trapezoidal vertical plate 414, gradually pushing the limiting slider 406 to move along the limiting groove 405. When the limiting slider 406 is lifted, the first pin 407 pulls the rotating arm 408 to swing. The rotating arm 408 then drives the curved slider 410 to slide along the curved groove 409 via the second pin 411. The curved sliders 410 on both sides drive the curved clamping plate 412 to open synchronously. The curved shape and the curved protective pad 413 on the inner wall fit the outer contour of the sheet metal part to complete the curved surface self-adaptive clamping. The curved protective pad 413 can increase the friction and prevent the hard clamping plate from scratching the sheet metal surface. The clamping force is precisely controlled by the stroke of the dual-axis motor 417 to prevent the workpiece from deforming. After the workpiece is clamped, the first telescopic cylinder 425 is activated. The cylinder extends and pushes the moving block 427 to slide along the T-shaped transverse groove 426, so that the insertion rod 428 is inserted into the end of the rotating shaft 403 on the other side, rigidly connecting the two rotating shafts 403 and ensuring that the T-shaped plates 404 on both sides rotate synchronously. After the rotation synchronization operation is completed, the brake motor 421 is activated. The motor output shaft drives the drive gear 422 to rotate, meshing with the transmission gear 423, thereby driving the rotating shaft 403 to rotate as a whole. The rotating shaft 403 drives the T-shaped plate 404 and the clamped sheet metal parts to rotate synchronously, and rotates the workpiece to the specified welding angle according to the welding process requirements. After all welding operations in a single process are completed, first release the workpiece flipping lock: restart the brake motor 421 to rotate the sheet metal part back to its initial horizontal position, then stop and lock the motor; control the first telescopic cylinder 425 to retract, causing the plug rod 428 to disengage from the rotating shaft 403, thus releasing the linkage between the two rotating shafts 403; start the dual-axis motor 417 in the reverse direction, the adjusting screw 416 causes the adjusting slider 429 to move away from each other, the sliding ball 431 retracts, the limit slider 406 falls back, the rotating arm 408 resets, and the two curved clamping plates 412 on both sides open synchronously, releasing the sheet metal part; then manually remove the processed workpiece, press down on the I-shaped plate 401 to reset it to a suitable height, then release the pressure, and the elastic spring 106 pushes the clamping part back to its initial high position. The equipment completes a single operation cycle and can continue processing the next workpiece.

[0032] Example 3, please refer to Figures 1-8 This third embodiment is an improvement on the first embodiment as follows: Specifically, a second telescopic cylinder 107 is fixed to the top of the welded base plate 101; two symmetrically arranged mounting frames 108 are fixed to the surface of the U-shaped vertical frame 102; and a U-shaped base plate 109 is fixed to one outer side of each of the two mounting frames 108; the lifting component 3 includes a lifting frame 301 fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the second telescopic cylinder 107; two lifting rails 302 are fixed to one side of the lifting frame 301, which are respectively slidably fitted inside the two vertical slots 103; a first hinge seat 303 is fixed to one side of each of the two lifting rails 302; a lifting arm 304 is hinged to the inside of each of the two first hinge seats 303; and a U-shaped base plate 109 is hinged to each of the two lifting arms 304. The inner second hinge seat 305, each of the two second hinge seats 305 has an extension rod 306 fixed on its outer side, which slides through and engages with the two mounting frames 108. The ends of the two extension rods 306 are located inside the two mounting frames 108 and are fixed with U-shaped fixing plates 307 that are adapted to the two I-shaped plates 401. The outer top of the U-shaped vertical frame 102 is fixed with a side support plate 110. A third telescopic cylinder 111 is fixed on one side of the side support plate 110. A transverse groove 112 is opened through the outer top of the U-shaped vertical frame 102. The telescopic end of the third telescopic cylinder 111 is fixed with a movable frame 113 that slides through and engages with the transverse groove 112. The bottom of the movable frame 113 is fixed with a fourth telescopic cylinder 114. The telescopic end of the fourth telescopic cylinder 114 is fixed with a laser welder 115.

[0033] The specific application of this embodiment three is as follows: After the equipment is powered on, a comprehensive inspection is carried out: check that the welding base plate 101 and U-shaped vertical frame 102 are firmly installed; the second telescopic cylinder 107, the third telescopic cylinder 111, and the fourth telescopic cylinder 114 operate smoothly without jamming; the lifting frame 301 and the lifting rail 302 can slide smoothly along the vertical groove 103, and the lifting arm 304 and the extension rod 306 are hinged and slide normally; at the same time, check that the circuit and optical path of the laser welder 115 are intact, and that the elastic spring 106 and the I-shaped plate 401 move flexibly; and then control all moving parts to return to the initial position: the second telescopic cylinder 107 is in the retracted state, the lifting component 3 is raised as a whole, and the U-shaped fixed plate 307 and the I-shaped plate 401 are separated from each other; the third telescopic cylinder 111 and the fourth telescopic cylinder 114 are fully retracted, and the laser welder 115 is moved to the standby position above the equipment; the clamping component 4 is held at the high position of the vertical groove 103 under the support of the elastic spring 106, leaving space for workpiece loading. The operator places the three-dimensional sheet metal part to be welded in the support position of the clamping part 4, manually fine-tunes the workpiece's posture so that the area to be welded faces the welding station; and activates the second telescopic cylinder 107, the cylinder piston rod extends downward, driving the lifting frame 301 and the two side lifting rails 302 to move down synchronously along the vertical groove 103; the lifting rails 302 push the lifting arm 304 to swing through the first hinge seat 303, the lifting arm 304 pulls the second hinge seat 305 to slide along the U-shaped base plate 109, thereby driving the extension rod 306. Pushing the U-shaped fixing plates 307 through the mounting frame 108 inward, the U-shaped fixing plates 307 at both ends are finally firmly locked onto the outside of the I-shaped plate 401. After the U-shaped fixing plates 307 are locked, the I-shaped plate 401 is fixed at the current height and is no longer affected by the rebound of the elastic spring 106, thus achieving height locking of the clamping part. At this time, the operator can flexibly control the extension stroke of the second telescopic cylinder 107 according to the size of the sheet metal part and the welding process, and accurately adjust the overall working height of the workpiece to adapt to three-dimensional sheet metal parts of different thicknesses and shapes. After the workpiece is positioned, the top welding module is activated: First, the third telescopic cylinder 111 is extended, pushing the moving frame 113 to slide left and right along the transverse groove 112 at the top of the U-shaped vertical frame 102, completing the horizontal position adjustment of the laser welder 115 and aligning it with the transverse weld seam of the workpiece; then, the fourth telescopic cylinder 114 is activated, the cylinder piston rod extends downward, driving the laser welder 115 to descend vertically, completing the vertical distance fine adjustment, so that the welding head and the sheet metal weld seam maintain the standard welding distance; after the position is calibrated, the laser welder 115 is activated to start the welding operation; for the multi-curved and multi-directional weld seams of the three-dimensional sheet metal parts, the third telescopic cylinder 111 and the fourth telescopic cylinder 114 can be repeatedly started and stopped, driving the laser welder to perform horizontal and vertical movements, and completing the continuous welding of weld seams at different positions segment by segment; during the operation, the clamping part is locked by the U-shaped fixing plate 307, and with the limiting structure of the guide vertical rod 105 and the vertical groove 103, the workpiece has no displacement or shaking, ensuring the accuracy of laser welding and the quality of the weld seam; After all workpiece welding is completed, the welding module is reset: the fourth telescopic cylinder 114 and the third telescopic cylinder 111 are retracted in sequence, the laser welder 115 is returned to the initial standby position, and the welder power is turned off; the second telescopic cylinder 107 is retracted, the lifting frame 301 drives the lifting rail 302 to move upward, the lifting arm 304 swings in the opposite direction, and the extension rod 306 and the U-shaped fixing plate 307 are pulled outward to release the locking fixation of the I-shaped plate 401; at this time, after the clamping part 4 loses the external force constraint, under the elastic force of the elastic spring 106, it bounces upward along the guide vertical rod 105 to the initial high position; the operator removes the welded sheet metal part, and the single processing flow ends; if continuous production is required in the later stage, the steps of workpiece loading, locking and positioning, welding, and resetting and unloading can be repeated.

[0034] Obviously, the embodiments described above are merely some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding device for processing sheet metal parts with three-dimensional shapes, comprising a welding mechanism (1) and a positioning mechanism (2), characterized in that: The positioning mechanism (2) includes a lifting member (3) that slides on the welding mechanism (1) and a clamping member (4) that slides on the positioning mechanism (2). The welding mechanism (1) includes a welding base plate (101), a U-shaped vertical frame (102) is fixed on the top of the welding base plate (101), and vertical grooves (103) are opened through the two outer sides of the U-shaped vertical frame (102). A base plate (104) is fixed at the bottom of the two vertical grooves (103), and a guide vertical rod (105) is fixed at the top of the two base plates (104). An elastic spring (106) is fixed at the top of the two base plates (104) and is respectively sleeved on the two guide vertical rods (105). The two elastic springs (106) are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom of the clamping member (4), and the clamping member (4) is slidably engaged between the two vertical grooves (103).

2. The welding equipment for processing sheet metal parts with three-dimensional shapes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping member (4) includes two I-shaped plates (401) that are slidably fitted inside the two vertical grooves (103), and the top of each of the two I-shaped plates (401) is provided with a guide hole (402) that is slidably fitted on the guide vertical rod (105). The two I-shaped plates (401) are rotatably fitted with a rotating shaft (403) through a bearing on opposite sides, and a T-shaped plate (404) is fixed at the end of each of the two rotating shafts (403).

3. The welding equipment for processing sheet metal parts with three-dimensional shapes according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both T-shaped plates (404) have a through-hole groove (405) at the top. Both grooves (405) have sliding contact with a sliding block (406). Both sliding blocks (406) have two symmetrical first pins (407) fixed at the top. Both first pins (407) have rotating arms (408) rotatably connected to their circumferential sides. Both T-shaped plates (404) have curved channels (409) fixed on opposite sides. Both curved channels (409) have curved sliders (410) slidably connected to their circumferential sides. Both curved sliders (410) have second pins (411) fixed at the top. Both second pins (411) are rotatably connected to the two rotating arms (408). Both curved sliders (410) have curved clamps (412) fixed on one side. The inner wall of the curved clamps (412) has a curved protective pad (413) fixed on its inner wall.

4. The welding equipment for processing sheet metal parts with three-dimensional shapes according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both of the limiting sliders (406) have right-angled trapezoidal vertical plates (414) fixed at their bottoms, and both of the T-shaped plates (404) have rectangular vertical frames (415) fixed at their bottoms. Both of the rectangular vertical frames (415) have adjusting screws (416) rotating inside them via bearings. A dual-axis motor (417) is fixed to the bottom of one of the rectangular vertical frames (415) and is fixedly connected to the end of one adjusting screw (416). The other output shaft of the dual-axis motor (417) is fixed with a first sprocket (418). Another adjusting screw (416) has a second sprocket (419) fixed at its end below another rectangular vertical frame (415), and a transmission chain (420) is connected between the second sprocket (419) and the first sprocket (418). The two rectangular vertical frames (415) are each fitted with an adjusting slider (429) that is threadedly connected to the two adjusting screws (416). The two adjusting sliders (429) are each fixed with an extension rod (430) on one side opposite to each other. The ends of the two extension rods (430) are each fixed with a sliding ball (431) that is slidably engaged with the inclined surfaces of the two right-angled trapezoidal vertical plates (414).

5. A welding device for processing sheet metal parts with three-dimensional shapes according to claim 2, characterized in that: A brake motor (421) is fixed on one side of one of the I-shaped plates (401), and a drive gear (422) is fixed on the output shaft of the brake motor (421). A driven gear (423) that meshes with the drive gear (422) is fixed on the circumferential side of one of the rotating shafts (403). Another I-shaped plate (401) has a baffle (424) fixed on its top, and a first telescopic cylinder (425) fixed on the side of the baffle (424). A T-shaped transverse groove (426) is provided on one side of the other I-shaped plate (401). A moving block (427) is slidably fitted inside the T-shaped transverse groove (426) and fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the first telescopic cylinder (425). A plug rod (428) is fixed on one side of the moving block (427) and is inserted into another rotating shaft (403).

6. The welding equipment for processing sheet metal parts with three-dimensional shapes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The welding base plate (101) is fixed with a second telescopic cylinder (107) at the top, and two symmetrically arranged mounting frames (108) are fixed on the surface of the U-shaped vertical frame (102). A U-shaped base plate (109) is fixed on one outer side of each of the two mounting frames (108). The lifting component (3) includes a lifting frame (301) that is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the second telescopic cylinder (107).

7. A welding device for processing sheet metal parts with three-dimensional shapes according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lifting frame (301) has two lifting rails (302) fixed on one side, which are respectively slidably fitted inside the two vertical slots (103). Each of the two lifting rails (302) has a first hinge seat (303) fixed on one side. Each of the two first hinge seats (303) has a lifting arm (304) hinged inside. Each of the two lifting arms (304) has a second hinge seat (305) hinged on, which is respectively slidably fitted inside the two U-shaped base plates (109). Each of the two second hinge seats (305) has an extension rod (306) fixed on one outer side, which is slidably fitted through the two mounting frames (108). Each of the two extension rods (306) has a U-shaped fixing plate (307) that is adapted to the two I-shaped plates (401) fixed inside the two mounting frames (108).

8. A welding device for processing sheet metal parts with three-dimensional shapes according to claim 7, characterized in that: A side support plate (110) is fixed to the top of the U-shaped vertical frame (102). A third telescopic cylinder (111) is fixed to one side of the side support plate (110). A transverse groove (112) is opened through the top of the U-shaped vertical frame (102). A movable frame (113) that slides with the transverse groove (112) is fixed to the telescopic end of the third telescopic cylinder (111). A fourth telescopic cylinder (114) is fixed to the bottom of the movable frame (113). A laser welder (115) is fixed to the telescopic end of the fourth telescopic cylinder (114).

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