Intelligent laser welding device

Abstract

The application discloses an intelligent laser welding device, and belongs to the technical field of laser welding, which comprises a mirror seat, a laser welding head and a protective lens, a through laser light path is formed in the mirror seat, and the protective lens is sealingly embedded in the upper cavity of the mirror seat; the mirror seat is provided with an automatic lens changing protection device for isolating welding splashes and a lens contamination detection unit for monitoring the contamination state of the lens in real time; the automatic lens changing protection device comprises a rotating disc, a driving assembly, a protective lens, a storage bin for storing new protective lenses and a collection bin for collecting contaminated protective lenses after switching, so that the automatic supply and waste lens storage of the protective lens are realized. The application has the effect of improving the continuous working efficiency of laser welding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of laser welding technology, and in particular to an intelligent laser welding device. Background Technology

[0002] Laser welding is a highly efficient and precise welding method that uses a high-energy-density laser beam as a heat source to irradiate the surface of a workpiece, causing it to melt rapidly and form a permanent connection. Its core principle is to convert light energy into heat energy, control laser parameters to melt the material to form a molten pool, and then cool and solidify to produce a strong weld.

[0003] In recent years, with the maturity of fiber laser technology and the decline in overall cost, laser welding has been widely extended to many emerging and traditional industries, and its application is increasing in fields such as new energy, automobile manufacturing, 3C and electronic information, precision manufacturing and molds.

[0004] However, during laser welding, the high-temperature metal spatter generated by the molten pool tends to spray upwards and adhere to the protective lens, resulting in decreased lens transmittance, laser energy attenuation, and unstable penetration depth. Frequent shutdowns for cleaning and replacement are required, which seriously affects continuous production efficiency and welding quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To improve the efficiency of continuous laser welding operations, this application provides an intelligent laser welding device.

[0006] The intelligent laser welding device provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A smart laser welding device includes a lens mount, a laser welding head, and protective lenses. The lens mount has a through-type laser beam path formed inside, and the upper cavity of the lens mount is sealed with protective lenses. The lens mount is equipped with an automatic lens-changing protection device for isolating welding spatter and a lens contamination detection unit for real-time monitoring of lens contamination status. The automatic lens-changing protection device includes a turntable, a drive assembly, and multiple protective lenses. The turntable is rotatably mounted below the protective lenses at the optical path position. The turntable has several lens mounting positions evenly distributed along its circumference. The protective lenses are embedded one-to-one in the lens mounting station; a mounting base is fixedly connected to the outside of the lens mount, and the driving component is integrated and assembled on the mounting base. The driving component is used to drive the turntable to rotate at a fixed angle, so that the protective lenses on different lens mounting stations are switched sequentially to the light transmission position of the laser beam path, forming an automatically replaceable spatter sacrificial protective layer; the automatic lens changing protection device also includes a storage compartment for storing brand new protective lenses and a collection compartment for collecting contaminated protective lenses after switching, realizing automatic replenishment of protective lenses and collection of waste lenses.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, a rotary auxiliary protective lens structure with automatic indexing and rotation is set below the protective lens. This allows for rapid and automatic switching to a clean lens station after the protective lens is contaminated by splashes. Lens replacement can be completed without stopping the machine to disassemble the laser welding head, completely solving the production interruption problem caused by the need for manual wiping and replacement of traditional laser welding lenses. This significantly improves the continuous operation efficiency of laser welding. By setting up storage and collection bins, automatic storage of protective lenses and orderly collection of contaminated and waste lenses are achieved, increasing the continuous working time of laser welding and further improving the automation and intelligence level of the equipment.

[0008] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a drive motor, a first gear, a second gear, a rotating rod, a connecting rod, a turbine, and a worm gear. The drive motor is fixedly mounted on the mounting base. The worm gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor. The rotating rod is fixedly inserted through the axis of the turntable. The first gear is fixedly sleeved on the rotating rod. The connecting rod passes through and rotates on the mounting base. The second gear is fixedly sleeved on the bottom end of the connecting rod and meshes with the first gear. The turbine is fixedly sleeved on the top end of the connecting rod that extends out of the mounting base. The worm gear meshes with the turbine.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, a transmission mechanism consisting of a motor and a worm gear can be formed, which can convert the high-speed rotation of the drive motor into the low-speed indexing rotation of the turntable. The worm gear transmission has a self-locking function, which can prevent the turntable from rotating on its own under the condition of laser head vibration, thus ensuring the positioning accuracy of the lens station.

[0010] Preferably, both the storage compartment and the collection compartment are detachably connected to the mounting base. The bottom end of the storage compartment is slidably connected to the upper surface of the turntable. Multiple brand-new protective mirrors are stacked inside the storage compartment. The lower end of each protective mirror is provided with a raised ring around its periphery, and the raised ring abuts against the upper surface of the turntable. The top of the collection compartment is threadedly connected to a cap. The mounting base is provided with a collection component for collecting soiled waste pieces.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, both the storage bin and the collection bin can be detachably assembled and disassembled on the mounting base, making it convenient to replenish new lenses and clean dust and residue inside the bin, thus simplifying maintenance. The bottom of the storage bin slides and fits against the upper surface of the turntable, ensuring that the lens discharge position is always precisely aligned with the turntable position, preventing skewed or jammed discharge. A convex ring is provided on the lower outer periphery of the protective lens, relying solely on the contact between the convex ring and the turntable surface to reduce friction between the lens body and the turntable, preventing scratches on the light-transmitting part in the center of the protective lens, while ensuring that the lens is placed stably and will not tip over. A threaded cap is provided on the top of the collection bin, which can prevent external dust from entering and accumulating inside the bin, and also prevent damaged lenses from jumping out of the bin opening due to equipment vibration. Together with the collection component, it stably completes the recycling of waste lenses, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the automatic lens changing and waste lens collection process.

[0012] Preferably, the collection assembly includes a support block, a spring, and a top block. A miniature drive component is provided on the mounting base located below the turntable. The top block is fixedly connected to the miniature drive component and abuts against the lower end face of the protective lens. A sliding groove is provided on the inner wall of the bottom of the collection chamber. The support block is slidably disposed in the sliding groove. The two ends of the spring are respectively fixedly connected to the support block and the inner wall of the sliding groove. An inclined surface is provided on the support block, and the soiled protective lens abuts against the inclined surface.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the miniature driving component drives the top block to extend upward, which can lift the contaminated protective lens in the workstation upward. The lens presses against the inclined surface of the support block, pushing the support block to retract and compress the spring along the sliding groove. The lens smoothly enters the collection chamber. After the lens is removed from the support block, the spring rebounds and drives the support block to reset, continuously receiving subsequent lenses. The automatic reset of the spring can ensure that the support block can cycle and complete the lens receiving action, avoiding the waste lens from falling and getting stuck, and ensuring that the lens ejection and storage action is continuous and stable.

[0014] Preferably, both the collection chamber and the storage chamber have observation windows on their side walls for observing the number of lenses inside.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, observation windows are opened on the side walls of the storage and collection chambers, allowing staff to directly observe the remaining quantity of new lenses and the accumulation of waste lenses. The remaining material can be determined without disassembling the chamber, facilitating advance planning of replenishment and cleaning operations. This avoids problems such as material depletion leading to lens replacement interruptions or waste lens accumulation causing material jams, reduces the frequency of downtime inspections, and effectively increases the continuous automated operation time of the device. The observation window structure is simple, does not change the overall structural strength of the chamber, and does not interfere with the stacking and transfer of lenses.

[0016] Preferably, the lens mount is equipped with a control unit, and the lens contamination detection unit includes a transmittance sensor. The transmittance sensor, the drive motor, and the micro-drive component are all electrically connected to the control unit. The transmittance sensor collects the transmittance data of the protective lens in the current optical path in real time and transmits it to the control unit. When the transmittance of the protective lens is detected to be lower than a preset threshold, the control unit outputs control signals in sequence. First, it starts the drive motor to drive the turntable to rotate and transfer the contaminated lens to the unloading station. Then, it controls the micro-drive component to drive the top block to lift the contaminated lens upward to complete the unloading, thereby realizing the full automation of the process of automatic switching of contaminated lenses and ejection and collection of waste lenses.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the transmittance sensor monitors the degree of lens contamination in real time. The control unit coordinates the timing of the drive motor and micro-drive components. The station switching of the clean lens is completed first, and then the old lens is ejected and unloaded. The two actions do not interfere with each other, avoiding lens jamming caused by action conflict. No manual intervention is required throughout the process, which can continuously ensure the cleanliness of the optical path, effectively reduce the number of downtime maintenance, and improve the stability of continuous operation of laser welding equipment.

[0018] Preferably, the mounting base is further equipped with a connecting base, and the lens base is connected to an air jet pipe. The end of the air jet pipe is provided with a nozzle, and the nozzle outlet air direction is inclined outward and downward to form a high-pressure air curtain below the protective lens, which is used to blow welding spatter away from the optical path.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the high-pressure air curtain can block and blow away the spatter before it reaches the protective lens, greatly reducing the amount of spatter adhering to the lens surface, slowing down the lens contamination rate, extending the service life of a single protective lens, reducing the frequency of automatic lens replacement, and the air curtain blows directionally along the periphery of the optical path, which will not interfere with the central laser beam or disturb the flow of the molten pool and cause welding defects such as porosity, while also accelerating the heat dissipation effect.

[0020] Preferably, an arc-shaped block is fixedly connected to the connecting seat, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the arc-shaped block, a slider is slidably connected in the arc-shaped groove, a fixing block is fixedly connected to the slider, the jet pipe is snapped onto the fixing block, a sliding groove is formed on the side wall of the arc-shaped block, the fixing block slides in the sliding groove, and a bolt is threadedly connected to the fixing block, the bolt abutting against the side wall of the arc-shaped block.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the fixed block is guided and limited by the arc-shaped groove and sliding groove. After the bolts are loosened, the slider can slide along the arc-shaped trajectory, thereby continuously adjusting the tilt angle of the nozzle. After adjustment, the bolts are tightened, and the position is locked by the bolts pressing against the side wall of the arc-shaped block, effectively preventing the nozzle angle from shifting due to equipment vibration. The snap-fit ​​structure facilitates the disassembly and replacement of the air jet pipe. The overall guiding structure is stable and reliable, and the angle adjustment is smooth and without jamming. It can flexibly change the air curtain spray range according to the welding conditions, adapt to different heights of spatter trajectories, and lock and position firmly, maintaining the stability of the air curtain shape for a long time and continuously ensuring the blowing and blocking effect on welding spatter. The upward height of spatter produced by different plate thicknesses and welding power is different: thin plates and low power spatter have a smaller upward height and require a smaller tilt angle; thick plates and high power spatter spray higher and require a larger outward tilt angle to widen the air curtain outward. It takes into account multiple working conditions.

[0022] Preferably, the inside of the jet pipe is provided with a spiral cooling channel, and the two ends of the spiral cooling channel are respectively connected to a coolant inlet pipe and a coolant outlet pipe.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the spiral flow channel can extend the flow path of the coolant inside the pipe, increase the heat exchange area, uniformly cool the jet pipe, effectively resist the temperature rise caused by welding heat radiation, avoid pipe deformation due to heat and change the nozzle outlet angle, and at the same time reduce the temperature of the compressed gas, making the ejected air curtain airflow more concentrated and stable, and reducing the protection failure problem caused by the heat diffusion of the airflow.

[0024] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: A rotary auxiliary protective lens structure with automatic indexing and rotation is set below the protective lens. It can quickly and automatically switch to a clean lens station after the protective lens is contaminated by splashes. The lens can be replaced without stopping the machine to disassemble the laser welding head. This completely solves the production interruption problem caused by the need for manual wiping and replacement of traditional laser welding lenses, and greatly improves the continuous operation efficiency of laser welding. By setting up storage and collection bins, the automatic storage of protective lenses and the orderly collection of contaminated waste lenses are realized, which increases the continuous working time of laser welding and further improves the automation and intelligence level of the equipment. The miniature drive unit extends the top block upwards, lifting the contaminated protective lens in the workstation. The lens presses against the inclined surface of the support block, pushing the support block along the sliding groove to retract and compress the spring. The lens smoothly enters the collection chamber. After the lens detaches from the support block, the spring rebounds, causing the support block to reset and continue to receive subsequent lenses. The automatic reset of the spring ensures that the support block can cycle through the lens receiving action, preventing waste lenses from falling and getting stuck, and ensuring that the lens ejection and collection action is continuous and stable. The fixed block is guided and limited by the arc groove and slide. After the bolt is loosened, the slider can slide along the arc trajectory to continuously adjust the tilt angle of the nozzle. After the adjustment is completed, the bolt is tightened, and the position is locked by the bolt pressing against the side wall of the arc block, which effectively prevents the nozzle angle from shifting due to equipment vibration. The snap-fit ​​structure makes it easy to disassemble and replace the air jet pipe. The overall guide structure is stable and reliable, and the angle adjustment is smooth and without jamming. It can flexibly change the air curtain spray range according to the welding conditions, adapt to the spatter trajectory of different heights, and lock and position firmly. It can maintain the stability of the air curtain shape for a long time and continuously ensure the blowing and blocking effect on welding spatter. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an intelligent laser welding device.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prominent rotating component in the embodiments of this application.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prominent turntable in the embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the observation window in the embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protective lens in the embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prominent collection component in the embodiments of this application.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prominent arc-shaped block in the embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the prominent jet pipe in an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Lens mount; 2. Laser welding head; 3. Automatic lens changing and protection device; 4. Turntable; 5. Drive assembly; 6. Installation station; 7. Mounting base; 8. Storage compartment; 9. Collection compartment; 10. Drive motor; 11. Rotating rod; 12. Turbine; 13. Worm gear; 14. Protective lens; 15. Annular convex ring; 16. Cap; 17. Collection assembly; 18. Support block; 19. Spring; 20. Top block; 21. Sliding groove; 22. Inclined surface; 23. Observation window; 24. Connecting seat; 25. Jet pipe; 26. Nozzle; 27. Arc block; 28. Arc groove; 29. ​​Slider; 30. Slide groove; 31. Fixing block; 32. Bolt; 33. Spiral cooling channel; 34. Mounting groove; 35. Limiting groove; 36. Limiting ring; 37. First gear; 38. Second gear; 39. Connecting rod; 40. Drive component. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-8 This application will be described in further detail.

[0035] This application discloses an intelligent laser welding device, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the assembly includes a laser mount 1, a laser welding head 2, and a protective lens. The laser beam path is vertically integrated within the laser mount 1. A protective lens is fixedly installed in the upper cavity of the laser mount 1 using a sealed embedding method, forming a sealed protective structure with the protective lens. This effectively isolates dust and impurities from the upper part, ensuring the basic cleanliness of the laser beam path. An automatic lens-changing protective device 3 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the laser mount 1. A lens contamination detection unit is also installed inside the laser mount 1. These components are used to block welding spatter in real time, automatically replace the protective lens 14, and monitor the lens contamination status online. This dual approach, combining hardware structure and intelligent control, ensures the continuous and stable operation of laser welding.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, and in combination Figure 3 As shown, a mounting base 7 is integrally fixed to the outer side of the lens mount 1. The automatic lens changing and protection device 3 includes a turntable 4, a drive assembly 5, multiple replaceable protective lenses 14, a storage compartment 8 for storing brand-new protective lenses 14, and a collection compartment 9 for storing contaminated protective lenses 14 after switching. The turntable 4 is arranged in a rotatable assembly manner in the laser path area below the protective lens. Three lens mounting positions 6 of the same size are evenly opened along the circumference of the turntable 4. The protective lens 14 is embedded in the mounting position 6 and can rotate synchronously with the turntable 4 to change positions. During the laser welding operation, the three mounting positions 6 are aligned with the laser path, the collection compartment 9, and the storage compartment 8, respectively.

[0037] like Figure 2As shown, the drive assembly 5 is arranged on the mounting base 7 and includes a drive motor 10, a first gear 37, a second gear 38, a rotating rod 11, a connecting rod 39, a worm, and a worm wheel. The drive motor 10 is fixedly mounted on the top outer wall of the mounting base 7. The output shaft of the drive motor 10 is coaxially fixedly connected to the worm. The worm wheel and the worm mesh with each other to form a worm wheel and worm gear transmission pair. The worm wheel is fixedly sleeved on the top end of the connecting rod 39. The connecting rod 39 passes through the vertical direction and rotates on the mounting base 7. The second gear 38 is fixedly sleeved on the bottom end of the connecting rod 39. The rotating rod 11 rotates through the inside of the mounting base 7 and is fixedly connected to the axis of the turntable 4. The first gear 37 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating rod 11, and the first gear 37 meshes with the second gear 38. During operation, the drive motor 10 outputs power, which reduces speed and increases torque through the worm gear transmission structure, driving the connecting rod 39 to rotate. The rotation of the connecting rod 39 drives the second gear 38 to rotate, which in turn drives the first gear 37 to rotate. The rotation of the first gear 37 drives the rotating rod 11 to rotate, thus enabling the turntable 4 to complete a precise fixed-angle indexing rotation. At the same time, the mechanical self-locking characteristic of the worm gear effectively prevents the turntable 4 from deflecting due to vibration during equipment operation, ensuring that the protective lens 14 can be accurately aligned with the laser beam path after each workstation switch. This allows the protective lens 14 in the light-transmitting position to form a spatter sacrificial protective layer that can be replaced in real time, preventing welding spatter from adhering upwards to the surface of the main protective lens.

[0038] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, a mounting groove 34 is provided on the mounting base 7, and a limiting groove 35 is provided on the side wall of the mounting groove 34. A limiting ring 36 is fixedly fitted on the outer side wall of the storage compartment 8 and the collection compartment 9. The storage compartment 8 and the collection compartment 9 are inserted into the mounting groove 34, and the limiting ring 36 slides into the limiting groove 35. Both the storage compartment 8 and the collection compartment 9 are fixed to the mounting base 7 in a detachable assembly manner, which facilitates daily disassembly and maintenance, replenishment of new lenses, and cleaning of waste lenses and impurities.

[0039] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the inner diameters of both the storage compartment 8 and the collection compartment 9 are adapted to the diameter of the protective lens 14. The storage compartment 8 is vertically arranged, with its bottom end slidingly attached to the upper surface of the turntable 4. Multiple brand-new protective lenses 14 are stacked vertically inside the compartment. The lower outer circumference of each protective lens 14 has an integrally formed annular protrusion 15. The protrusions of the multiple protective lenses 14 in the storage compartment 8 are aligned, all facing the turntable 4. After the lenses are placed, they only contact the surface of the turntable 4 through the protrusions, effectively reducing friction and wear on the light-transmitting area of ​​the lenses, while ensuring that the lenses are placed stably and neatly, without tilting or shifting. The top of the collection compartment 9 is threaded with a removable cap 16. During normal operation, the cap 16 closes the compartment opening. After removing the collection compartment 9, the operator unscrews the cap 16 and removes the soiled lenses stored inside. Both storage compartment 8 and collection compartment 9 have transparent observation windows 23 on their side walls, allowing staff to directly observe the quantity of new lenses and the accumulation of damaged lenses in the compartments at any time. This enables staff to determine when to replenish materials and clean the compartments without disassembling the equipment, significantly reducing the frequency of downtime for inspections and making the equipment suitable for long-term continuous automated welding operations.

[0040] like Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, a collection assembly 17 for automatically collecting soiled lenses is installed inside the mounting base 7 corresponding to the collection compartment 9. The collection assembly 17 consists of a micro-drive component, a top block 20, a support block 18, and a spring 19. The micro-drive component is fixedly installed inside the cavity of the mounting base 7 below the turntable 4. The top block 20 is located directly below the collection compartment 9 and is fixed above the telescopic end of the micro-drive component, allowing it to move vertically up and down with the micro-drive component. A horizontally arranged sliding groove 21 is provided on the inner side of the bottom of the collection compartment 9. The support block 18 is slidably assembled inside the sliding groove 21. The two ends of the spring 19 are respectively connected to the support block 18 and the groove wall of the sliding groove 21. The spring 19's elastic force enables the support block 18 to automatically extend, retract, and reset. The side of the support block 18 facing the lens has an inclined guide surface. At least two support blocks 18 are provided and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the port of the collection compartment 9. When the contaminated protective lens 14 rotates with the turntable 4 to the unloading station, the micro-drive component pushes the top block 20 upward. The top block 20 lifts the contaminated lens in the station as a whole. The side wall of the lens presses against the inclined surface 22 of the support block 18, converting the vertical pushing force into a horizontal sliding force. This pushes the support block 18 to compress the spring 19 and retract it. The lens smoothly enters the collection chamber 9 for storage. After the lens is removed from the limit of the support block 18, the spring 19 rebounds and drives the support block 18 to reset, waiting for the next unloading operation. The entire unloading action cycle is smooth and not easy to jam, which is suitable for the automated operation requirements of narrow installation spaces.

[0041] The lens mount 1 is equipped with an independent control unit. The lens contamination detection unit uses a transmittance sensor as the core detection element. The transmittance sensor, drive motor 10, and micro-drive components are all electrically connected to the control unit. The transmittance sensor continuously collects the transmittance parameters of the working protective lens 14 in the optical path in real time and feeds the real-time data back to the control unit. The control unit has a preset lens transmittance safety threshold. When the lens is contaminated by splashes and the transmittance drops below the threshold, the control unit automatically outputs a timing control signal, prioritizing the start of drive motor 10 to rotate turntable 4 by a division, rotating the contaminated lens out of the light-transmitting area of ​​the optical path and to the bottom of collection chamber 9. At the same time, a clean, brand-new lens is switched to the working position to complete the optical path protection update. After the position switch is completed, the control unit then starts the micro-drive component to perform the ejection action, pushing the contaminated lens transferred to the unloading position into collection chamber 9 for storage. Through time-sequential linkage control, interference and jamming between lens changing and unloading actions are completely avoided, realizing a fully intelligent and automated operation of lens contamination detection, automatic lens changing, and waste lens collection.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, a connecting seat 24 is fixedly installed on the outside of the mounting base 7. An adjustable jet structure is mounted on the connecting seat 24. A jet pipe 25 is arranged on the side of the lens base 1. A nozzle 26 is installed at the end of the jet pipe 25. The nozzle 26 is arranged to be tilted outward and downward. When working, high-pressure gas is ejected through the nozzle 26, which can form a uniform high-pressure air curtain around the laser beam path below the protective lens 14. This can complete the directional blowing and blocking before the welding spatter floats up and contacts the lens, reduce the adhesion of spatter from the source, and slow down the lens contamination speed. Moreover, the air curtain is arranged around the outside, which will not interfere with the transmission of the central laser beam or disturb the airflow of the welding molten pool, effectively avoiding welding defects such as porosity and uneven weld.

[0043] like Figure 7 As shown, an arc-shaped block 27 is fixed to the outside of the connecting seat 24. An arc-shaped groove 28 and a lateral sliding groove 30 are opened inside the arc-shaped block 27. A slider 29 is slidably assembled inside the arc-shaped groove 28. The slider 29 is arc-shaped and slides in the arc-shaped groove 28. A fixing block 31 is fixedly connected to the outside of the slider 29. The jet pipe 25 is snapped and fixed on the fixing block 31. The fixing block 31 is simultaneously slidably limited inside the lateral sliding groove 30 of the arc-shaped block 27. The angle can be smoothly adjusted by sliding along the arc-shaped trajectory. A locking bolt 32 is threaded on the fixing block 31. After adjustment, tightening the bolt 32 will press against the side wall of the arc-shaped block 27 to achieve angle locking and positioning.

[0044] The operator can flexibly adjust the tilt angle of nozzle 26 according to the actual welding conditions, plate thickness and laser power. The tilt angle can be reduced for thin plates with low power and small spatter, and increased for thick plates with high power and large spatter, to adapt to different spatter trajectories and ensure that the air curtain protection effect is always in the optimal state. At the same time, the locking structure can effectively resist equipment vibration and prevent the nozzle 26 angle from shifting and failing after long-term use.

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, the inner wall of the jet pipe 25 is integrally machined with a spiral cooling channel 33. The two ends of the spiral cooling channel 33 are respectively connected to the coolant inlet pipe and the coolant outlet pipe. The spiral channel structure can effectively extend the coolant flow path and increase the heat exchange contact area. During operation, the continuous flow of coolant can uniformly and efficiently cool the jet pipe 25 and the nozzle 26 as a whole, effectively offsetting the temperature rise caused by the high temperature heat radiation of welding, avoiding the high temperature deformation of the pipe that causes the nozzle 26 angle to shift and the airflow to become turbulent. At the same time, it can reduce the temperature of the ejected gas, improve the air curtain concentration and stability, further enhance the splash blocking effect, and improve the reliability of the equipment for continuous operation in high temperature environment.

[0046] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: During normal welding, the light transmittance sensor monitors the cleanliness of the working protective lens 14 in real time. The control unit realizes intelligent control of the whole machine. When the lens contamination exceeds the standard, the clean lens is automatically switched and the contaminated lens is unloaded and collected. Relying on the detachable storage chamber 8 and the storage chamber structure, the lens is automatically replenished and conveniently maintained. The worm gear self-locking transmission ensures accurate and stable switching of the work position. Through the angle-adjustable spiral cooling jet structure, a stable and adjustable high-pressure protective air curtain is formed under the lens to suppress splash contamination from the source. At the same time, the spiral cooling structure built into the pipe wall solves the problems of pipe deformation and unstable air loss under high temperature conditions. The whole device realizes the integrated intelligent operation of automatic lens contamination detection, unmanned autonomous lens replacement, automatic waste lens collection, active splash protection and structural constant temperature protection. It effectively solves the problems of frequent machine stoppage maintenance, fast lens wear and poor welding stability of traditional laser welding head 2, and significantly improves the continuous operation efficiency and welding quality of laser welding.

[0047] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An intelligent laser welding device, comprising a mirror base (1), a laser welding head (2), and a protective lens, wherein a through laser beam path is formed inside the mirror base (1), and a protective lens is sealed and embedded in the upper cavity of the mirror base (1); characterized in that: The lens mount (1) is equipped with an automatic lens changing protection device (3) for isolating welding spatter and a lens contamination detection unit for real-time monitoring of lens contamination status; the automatic lens changing protection device (3) includes a turntable (4), a drive assembly (5) and multiple protective lenses (14), the turntable (4) is rotatably mounted at the lower optical path position of the protective lens, and the turntable (4) has a plurality of lens mounting positions (6) evenly distributed along its circumference, and each of the protective lenses (14) is correspondingly embedded in the lens mounting position (6); the lens mount (1) is fixedly connected to the outside of a certain component. Mounting base (7), the driving component (5) is integrated and assembled on the mounting base (7), the driving component (5) is used to drive the turntable (4) to rotate at a fixed angle, so that the protective lenses (14) on different lens mounting positions (6) are switched to the light transmission position of the laser beam path in sequence, forming an automatically replaceable splash sacrificial protective layer; the automatic lens changing protection device (3) also includes a storage compartment (8) for storing brand new protective lenses (14) and a collection compartment (9) for collecting contaminated protective lenses (14) after switching, so as to realize the automatic replenishment of protective lenses (14) and waste lens collection.

2. The intelligent laser welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly (5) includes a drive motor (10), a first gear (37), a second gear (38), a rotating rod (11), a connecting rod (39), a turbine (12), and a worm gear (13). The drive motor (10) is fixedly mounted on the mounting base (7). The worm gear (13) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor (10). The rotating rod (11) is fixedly inserted through the axis of the turntable (4). The first gear (37) is fixedly sleeved on the rotating rod (11). The connecting rod (39) is inserted through and rotates on the mounting base (7). The second gear (38) is fixedly sleeved on the bottom end of the connecting rod (39). The second gear (38) meshes with the first gear (37). The turbine (12) is fixedly sleeved on the top end of the connecting rod (39) that extends out of the mounting base (7). The worm gear (13) meshes with the turbine (12).

3. The intelligent laser welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the storage compartment (8) and the collection compartment (9) are detachably connected to the mounting base (7). The bottom end of the storage compartment (8) is slidably connected to the upper surface of the turntable (4). Multiple brand-new protective glasses are stacked inside the storage compartment (8). The lower end of the protective glasses is provided with an annular protrusion (15), which abuts against the upper surface of the turntable (4). The top of the collection compartment (9) is threaded with a cap (16). The mounting base (7) is provided with a collection assembly (17) for collecting soiled waste pieces.

4. The intelligent laser welding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The collection assembly (17) includes a support block (18), a spring (19), and a top block (20). A micro-drive component is provided on the mounting base (7) located below the turntable (4). The top block (20) is fixedly connected to the micro-drive component and abuts against the lower end face of the protective lens. A sliding groove (21) is provided on the inner wall of the bottom of the collection chamber (9). The support block (18) is slidably disposed in the sliding groove (21). The two ends of the spring (19) are fixedly connected to the support block (18) and the inner wall of the sliding groove (21), respectively. An inclined surface (22) is provided on the support block (18), and the soiled protective lens (14) abuts against the inclined surface (22).

5. The intelligent laser welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the collection chamber (9) and the storage chamber (8) are provided with observation windows (23) on their side walls for observing the number of lenses inside.

6. The intelligent laser welding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lens mount (1) is equipped with a control unit. The lens contamination detection unit includes a transmittance sensor. The transmittance sensor, the drive motor (10), and the micro drive are all electrically connected to the control unit. The transmittance sensor collects the transmittance data of the protective lens (14) in the current optical path in real time and transmits it to the control unit. When the transmittance of the protective lens (14) is detected to be lower than the preset threshold, the control unit outputs control signals in sequence. First, the drive motor (10) is started to drive the turntable (4) to rotate in increments and transfer the contaminated lens to the unloading station. Then, the micro drive is controlled to move and drive the top block (20) to lift the contaminated lens upward to complete the unloading. This realizes the full-process automation of automatic switching of contaminated lenses and the ejection and collection of waste lenses.

7. The intelligent laser welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting base (7) is also equipped with a connecting base (24), and the lens base (1) is connected with an air jet pipe (25). The end of the air jet pipe (25) is provided with a nozzle (26). The nozzle (26) is inclined outward and downward in the air outlet direction, forming a high-pressure air curtain below the protective lens (14) to blow welding spatter away from the optical path.

8. The intelligent laser welding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: An arc-shaped block (27) is fixedly connected to the connecting seat (24). An arc-shaped groove (28) is provided in the arc-shaped block (27). A slider (29) is slidably connected in the arc-shaped groove (28). A fixing block (31) is fixedly connected to the slider (29). The jet pipe (25) is snapped onto the fixing block (31). A sliding groove (30) is provided on the side wall of the arc-shaped block (27). The fixing block (31) slides in the sliding groove (30). A bolt (32) is threadedly connected to the fixing block (31). The bolt (32) abuts against the side wall of the arc-shaped block (27).

9. The intelligent laser welding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inside of the jet pipe (25) is provided with a spiral cooling channel (33), and the two ends of the spiral cooling channel (33) are respectively connected to the coolant inlet pipe and the coolant outlet pipe.

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