Numerical control laser cutting machine for metal material processing

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of laser cutting and relates to a numerical control laser cutting machine for metal material processing. The application comprises a machine tool, a laser cutting device and a plurality of tine plates arranged in the machine tool. The laser cutting device is arranged above the machine tool. Both ends of each tine plate are fixedly connected with a shaft rod, the shaft rod is rotatably connected with a supporting block, and the supporting block is movably arranged in the machine tool. A driving member for driving the tine plate to move is arranged in the machine tool. A first reflecting mirror is fixedly arranged on one side of the tine plate, and a second reflecting mirror is arranged at one end of the machine tool. When laser moves to the position of the tine plate, the laser can be actively guided into the liquid in the machine tool through reflection, the molten slag falls into the liquid under the action of the gas sprayed from the strip-shaped nozzle, laser irradiation on the tine plate is avoided, and the molten slag is prevented from falling on the tine plate or the reflecting mirror. The damage of the tine plate is reduced, and the service life of the tine plate is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of laser cutting technology and relates to a CNC laser cutting machine for metal material processing. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cutting is widely used in metal cutting processes, with CNC laser cutting machines becoming the mainstream equipment due to their high precision and efficiency. In common CNC laser cutting machines, a support plate is typically installed inside the machine tool to support the workpiece. During the cutting process, the laser cutter moves and cuts the workpiece according to a preset path. The high-energy-density laser beam, after penetrating the workpiece, continues to propagate downwards, directly irradiating the support plate.

[0003] In existing technologies, support pin plates are generally fixed in place. During actual cutting, the laser beam can easily cause irreversible cutting damage to the support pin plate, leading to defects, reduced height, and other problems. Simultaneously, high-temperature molten metal slag splashed during cutting can adhere to the surface of the support pin plate, forming bulges or nodules. The combined effect of these damages and adhesions makes the support surface of the pin plate uneven, thus affecting the flatness of the workpiece and ultimately impacting cutting accuracy and processing quality.

[0004] To address the above problems, this invention proposes a CNC laser cutting machine for metal material processing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the background art, the present invention proposes a CNC laser cutting machine for metal material processing.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a CNC laser cutting machine for metal material processing, comprising a machine tool, a laser cutter, and a plurality of pointed tooth plates disposed within the machine tool; The laser cutter is positioned above the machine tool; both ends of the toothed plate are fixedly connected to shafts, and the shafts are rotatably connected to support blocks, which are movably installed inside the machine tool; a drive unit for moving the toothed plate is installed inside the machine tool. A first reflector is fixedly installed on one side of the toothed plate, and a second reflector is installed at one end of the machine tool. A transmission component is provided between the shaft and the machine tool. When the support block moves down, it drives the shaft to rotate, causing the toothed plate to tilt. This allows the laser light irradiating the toothed plate to be reflected by the first and second reflectors in sequence before entering the liquid inside the machine tool. The toothed plate has a strip-shaped nozzle, and the direction of the gas ejected from the strip-shaped nozzle is parallel to the tilted first reflector.

[0007] Furthermore, each of the strip-shaped nozzles is equipped with a main air pipe, which is located inside the machine tool; When the toothed plate is in a vertical position, the strip nozzle is connected to the corresponding main air pipe, and an electrically controlled valve is installed inside the main air pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, when the toothed plate is at its lowest point, it is set parallel to the second reflector.

[0009] Furthermore, the tilt angle of the second reflector is degrees, and the tilt angle when the toothed plate is at its lowest point is degrees.

[0010] Furthermore, the driving component includes a cylinder, which is installed inside the machine tool, and the telescopic end of the cylinder is connected to a support block.

[0011] Furthermore, the transmission component includes a gear and a rack, the gear being fixedly connected to a shaft, the rack being fixedly installed inside the machine tool, and the rack meshing with the gear.

[0012] Furthermore, the upper end of the machine tool is provided with a first electrically controlled slide rail, a sliding frame is slidably mounted on the first electrically controlled slide rail, a second electrically controlled slide rail is mounted on the sliding frame, and the laser cutter is slidably mounted on the second electrically controlled slide rail.

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following advantages: When the laser is positioned between the two toothed plates, it directly strikes the liquid inside the machine tool, and the molten slag falls directly into the liquid. When the laser moves to the position of the toothed plates, it can be actively guided into the liquid inside the machine tool through reflection. The molten slag falls into the liquid under the action of the gas ejected from the strip nozzle, preventing the laser from irradiating the toothed plates and also preventing molten slag from falling onto the toothed plates or reflectors. This reduces damage to the toothed plates and extends their service life.

[0014] When changing the liquid or cleaning the slag, there is no need to stop the cutting process, achieving continuous production without stopping the machine for cleaning. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the inlet pipe and outlet pipe in this invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the toothed plate in this invention; Figure 4 This is a sectional view of the machine tool in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission component in this invention; Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the toothed plate in the first direction of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the toothed plate in the second direction of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a simplified diagram of the state of the laser moving between the first and second toothed plates in this invention. Figure 9 This is a simplified diagram of the state of the second toothed plate after it is tilted in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the laser moving between the second and third toothed plates in this invention; Figure 11 This is the safe triggering area between the first toothed plate and the second toothed plate in this invention; Figure 12 This is the safe triggering area between the second and third toothed plates in this invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Machine tool; 2. First electrically controlled slide rail; 3. Sliding frame; 4. Second electrically controlled slide rail; 5. Laser cutter; 6. Inlet pipe; 7. Outlet pipe; 8. Toothed plate; 81. First toothed plate; 82. Second toothed plate; 83. Third toothed plate; 9. First reflector; 10. Shaft; 11. Gear; 12. Rack; 13. Cylinder; 14. Strip nozzle; 15. Main air pipe; 16. Electrically controlled valve; 17. Second reflector; 18. Workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1: As Figures 1-12 As shown, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A CNC laser cutting machine for metal material processing includes a machine tool 1, a laser cutter 5, and a plurality of pointed tooth plates 8 disposed in the machine tool 1.

[0019] A first electrically controlled slide rail 2 is mounted on the upper end of the machine tool 1, and a sliding frame 3 is slidably connected to the first electrically controlled slide rail 2. The sliding frame 3 is slidably positioned above the machine tool 1, and the first electrically controlled slide rail 2 drives the sliding frame 3 to move. A second electrically controlled slide rail 4 is mounted on the sliding frame 3, and a laser cutter 5 is slidably mounted on the second electrically controlled slide rail 4. Through the coordinated operation of the first electrically controlled slide rail 2 and the second electrically controlled slide rail 4, the laser cutter 5 can move in the horizontal plane, thereby cutting the workpiece 18 according to a preset path.

[0020] The machine tool 1 is internally filled with a liquid. The liquid is preferably a non-flammable liquid with high absorption of laser wavelengths and high temperature resistance. Silicone oil is a preferred liquid.

[0021] The machine tool 1 has an inlet pipe 6 at one end and an outlet pipe 7 at the other end. The inlet pipe 6 is positioned higher than the outlet pipe 7. Both the inlet pipe 6 and the outlet pipe 7 are equipped with control valves to control the inflow and outflow of liquid. The inlet pipe 6 is used to connect to an external source of fresh liquid, while the outlet pipe 7 leads to a waste liquid collection container or treatment system. The outlet pipe 7 is located at the lower part of the machine tool 1.

[0022] Multiple toothed plates 8 are arranged horizontally inside the machine tool 1. Each toothed plate 8 has a shaft 10 fixedly connected to both ends, and a support block is rotatably connected to the shaft 10. The support block is vertically movable and mounted on the inner wall of the machine tool 1. A drive mechanism for moving the toothed plates 8 is also installed inside the machine tool 1; this drive mechanism is preferably a cylinder 13. The cylinder 13 is fixedly installed inside the machine tool 1, and its telescopic end is connected to the support block, used to drive the toothed plates 8 to move up and down.

[0023] A transmission component is provided between the shaft 10 and the machine tool 1. When the toothed plate 8 moves up and down, the shaft 10 rotates. The transmission component includes a gear 11 and a rack 12. The gear 11 is fixedly connected to the shaft 10, and the rack 12 is vertically fixed inside the machine tool 1, and the rack 12 meshes with the gear 11. When the cylinder 13 drives the support block to move up and down, the shaft 10 is forced to rotate under the meshing action of the gear 11 and the rack 12.

[0024] The side wall of the machine tool 1 is provided with a cavity for accommodating the gear 11 and the rack 12.

[0025] A first reflector 9 is fixedly mounted on one side of each toothed plate 8. A second reflector 17 is fixedly mounted on one end inside the machine tool 1. The second reflector 17 is tilted, and in this embodiment, the tilt angle of the second reflector 17 is 45 degrees. The liquid level inside the machine tool 1 is lower than that of the second reflector 17 to prevent the second reflector 17 from being contaminated by the liquid.

[0026] When the toothed plate 8 is at its lowest point, the tilt angle of the toothed plate 8 is 45 degrees. At this time, the toothed plate 8 is parallel to the second reflector 17. After the laser irradiates the toothed plate 8, it is reflected and then irradiates the second reflector 17. After being reflected by the second reflector 17, it enters the liquid inside the machine tool 1.

[0027] Each toothed plate 8 has a strip-shaped nozzle 14 inside. Each strip-shaped nozzle 14 is equipped with a main air pipe 15. The main air pipe 15 is located inside the machine tool 1 and is connected to an external high-pressure air source. An electrically controlled valve 16 is installed on the main air pipe 15. When the toothed plate 8 is in a vertical position, the air inlet of the strip-shaped nozzle 14 is connected to the main air pipe 15 to ensure that the gas can enter smoothly.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the outlet of the strip nozzle 14 is arranged along the length of the toothed plate 8, and the outlet direction of the strip nozzle 14 is inclined downward at 45 degrees. Figure 9 As shown, when the toothed plate 8 is tilted to a 45-degree working state, the high-speed gas ejected from the strip nozzle 14 on the adjacent toothed plate 8 on the left side forms a uniform air knife that sweeps across the surface of the first reflector 9. This blows away the splashed molten slag from the surface of the first reflector 9 in time during the laser cutting process, preventing the molten slag from adhering and causing contamination or damage to the first reflector 9. At the same time, it helps the molten slag fall into the liquid inside the machine tool 1 for cooling and collection, ensuring the long-term cleanliness of the first reflector 9 and the laser reflection efficiency.

[0029] Working principle: The machine tool 1 is filled with liquid (such as silicone oil), the liquid level is lower than the second reflector 17, and multiple toothed plates 8 are in a vertical position. The workpiece 18 to be cut is placed on the toothed plates 8, and the tops of the multiple toothed plates 8 support the workpiece 18 together. The laser cutter 5 is located above the workpiece 18.

[0030] The laser cutter 5 is started and driven to move via the first electrically controlled slide rail 2 and the second electrically controlled slide rail 4, cutting the workpiece 18 according to a preset path. During the cutting process, the air blowing structure of the laser cutter 5 continuously blows protective gas downwards, blowing away the hot molten slag generated at the cut from the workpiece 18.

[0031] like Figure 8 As shown, when the laser beam is positioned in the gap between two adjacent toothed plates 8, the laser penetrates the workpiece 18 and directly enters the liquid inside the machine tool 1. The liquid rapidly absorbs the laser energy, preventing damage to other internal components of the machine tool 1. Simultaneously, the blown-off molten slag falls directly into the liquid and is cooled and collected.

[0032] like Figures 8 to 12 As shown, for ease of description, the multiple toothed plates 8 are sequentially defined from left to right as the first toothed plate 81, the second toothed plate 82, and the third toothed plate 83. When the laser gradually moves away from the first toothed plate 81 and to the right, approaching the second toothed plate 82, the cylinder 13 corresponding to the second toothed plate 82 begins to shorten, driving the corresponding support block and shaft 10 to move downwards. The gear 11 on the shaft 10 meshes with the rack 12, causing the shaft 10 to rotate, thereby driving the second toothed plate 82 to rotate clockwise around the shaft 10 while descending. Figure 8 The direction shown. When cylinder 13 is shortened to its shortest state, the second toothed plate 82 is at the lowest point of its stroke and tilted at 45 degrees, parallel to the second reflector 17, as shown. Figure 9 As shown. At this time, the first reflector 9 on the second toothed plate 82 is located on the upper side of the second toothed plate 82.

[0033] When the second toothed plate 82 descends to its lowest point, the electrically controlled valve 16 corresponding to the adjacent toothed plate 8 on its left, i.e., the first toothed plate 81, opens, allowing external high-pressure gas to enter the strip-shaped nozzle 14 of the first toothed plate 81 from the main gas pipe 15 via the electrically controlled valve 16 and be ejected at high speed. The direction of the gas exit is consistent with the tilt direction of the second toothed plate 82. The gas ejected from the strip-shaped nozzle 14 of the first toothed plate 81 forms a uniform air knife that sweeps across the surface of the first reflector 9 on the second toothed plate 82, blowing away the splashed molten slag and preventing it from adhering to the first reflector 9.

[0034] When the second toothed plate 82 descends to its lowest point, the laser beam strikes it. The laser beam then hits the first reflecting mirror 9 on the second toothed plate 82, is reflected by the second reflecting mirror 17, and finally reflects into the liquid inside the machine tool 1. In this way, the laser never directly strikes the second toothed plate 82. Simultaneously, molten slag falling during the cutting process is blown into the liquid by the air knife, preventing adhesion.

[0035] Afterwards, as the laser moves to the right and completely passes the tilted second toothed plate 82, the cylinder 13 of the second toothed plate 82 extends, driving the second toothed plate 82 to rise. At the same time, the gear 11 meshes with the rack 12, causing the second toothed plate 82 to rotate counterclockwise. When the second toothed plate 82 moves to the uppermost end of its stroke, it returns to a vertical position. Simultaneously, the next toothed plate 8 on its right, the third toothed plate 83, begins to descend and rotates to a 45-degree tilted position.

[0036] like Figure 11 , Figure 12 As shown, the large circle M has the shaft 10 as its center, and the radius is the distance from the end of the toothed plate 8 furthest from the shaft 10 to the shaft 10. The small circle N has the shaft 10 as its center, and the radius is the distance from the end of the toothed plate 8 closest to the shaft 10 to the shaft 10. Line L1 is a vertical line tangent to the large circle M, and line L2 is a vertical line tangent to the small circle N. The area between lines L1 and L2 is the safe triggering zone, meaning that when the laser moves within the safe triggering zone between the two toothed plates 8, the laser directly enters the liquid.

[0037] like Figure 11 As shown, the area between straight lines L1 and L2 is a safe triggering zone. When the laser moves between straight lines L1 and L2, the second toothed plate 82 moves down and rotates to prevent the laser from irradiating the first reflector 9 of the moving second toothed plate 82, thus avoiding the laser being reflected by the first reflector 9 to other positions except the second reflector 17.

[0038] Figure 12As shown, when the laser moves between straight lines L1 and L2, the second toothed plate 82 and the third toothed plate 83 move, and the laser will not irradiate the moving second toothed plate 82 and the third toothed plate 83, thus preventing the laser from being reflected by the first reflector 9 to other positions except the second reflector 17.

[0039] When it is necessary to change the liquid or clean the slag, there is no need to stop the machine. Simply open the discharge pipe 7 to discharge the old liquid along with the slag, and open the inlet pipe 6 to inject new liquid. This will achieve both liquid replacement and slag removal. The entire process is continuous and does not require interruption of cutting.

[0040] Example 2: In this example, the first electrically controlled slide rail 2 and the second electrically controlled slide rail 4, the electrically controlled valve 16, the cylinder 13, and the laser cutter 5 are all electrically connected to the controller. The controller is a PLC or an industrial computer. The controller pre-stores the position coordinates of the toothed plate 8, the position coordinates of each straight line L1 and L2, and the drive parameters of the cylinder 13 and the electrically controlled valve 16 corresponding to each toothed plate 8.

[0041] When the laser enters the region between L1 and L2, the controller performs the following actions: Identify the next toothed plate 8 that will be illuminated by the laser at the current laser position, i.e., the target toothed plate 8.

[0042] A shortening command is sent to the cylinder 13 corresponding to the target toothed plate 8. The cylinder 13 shortens at a set speed. When the cylinder 13 shortens to the preset minimum position, it stops and remains in that position.

[0043] After the cylinder 13 shortens, it sends an opening command to the electrically controlled valve 16 corresponding to the adjacent toothed plate 8 on the left side of the target toothed plate 8, causing the strip nozzle 14 to spray out high-pressure gas.

[0044] Once the laser has completely passed the location of the target tooth plate 8 and entered the next L1 right side, the controller issues a reset command: The cylinder 13 corresponding to the target toothed plate 8 extends, pushing the target toothed plate 8 upward and rotating it back to the vertical position. Simultaneously, the controller closes the electrically controlled valve 16 corresponding to the adjacent toothed plate 8 to the left of the target toothed plate 8. If the next toothed plate 8 is about to start working, the above triggering process is repeated.

[0045] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A CNC laser cutting machine for processing metal materials, characterized in that: Includes a machine tool (1), a laser cutter (5), and multiple toothed plates (8) disposed within the machine tool (1); The laser cutter (5) is positioned above the machine tool (1); both ends of the toothed plate (8) are fixedly connected to shafts (10), the shafts (10) are rotatably connected to support blocks, and the support blocks are movably installed inside the machine tool (1); a drive unit for driving the toothed plate (8) to move is installed inside the machine tool (1); A first reflector (9) is fixedly provided on one side of the toothed plate (8), and a second reflector (17) is provided at one end of the machine tool (1). A transmission component is provided between the shaft (10) and the machine tool (1). When the support block moves down, it drives the shaft (10) to rotate, causing the toothed plate (8) to tilt. In turn, the laser irradiated on the toothed plate (8) is reflected by the first reflector (9) and the second reflector (17) in sequence and then enters the liquid inside the machine tool (1). The toothed plate (8) has a strip-shaped nozzle (14) on it, and the direction of the gas ejected from the strip-shaped nozzle (14) is parallel to the tilted first reflector (9).

2. The CNC laser cutting machine for metal material processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the strip nozzles (14) is equipped with a main air pipe (15), which is located inside the machine tool (1). When the toothed plate (8) is in a vertical position, the strip nozzle (14) is connected to the corresponding main air pipe (15), and an electrically controlled valve (16) is installed in the main air pipe (15).

3. The CNC laser cutting machine for metal material processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the toothed plate (8) is at its lowest point, it is set parallel to the second reflector (17).

4. The CNC laser cutting machine for metal material processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tilt angle of the second reflector (17) is 45 degrees, and the tilt angle of the toothed plate (8) is 45 degrees when it is at the bottom.

5. A CNC laser cutting machine for metal material processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component includes a cylinder (13), which is installed inside the machine tool (1), and the telescopic end of the cylinder (13) is connected to the support block.

6. A CNC laser cutting machine for metal material processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission component includes a gear (11) and a rack (12). The gear (11) is fixedly connected to the shaft (10), and the rack (12) is fixedly installed inside the machine tool (1). The rack (12) meshes with the gear (11).

7. A CNC laser cutting machine for metal material processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the machine tool (1) is provided with a first electrically controlled slide rail (2), a sliding frame (3) is slidably arranged on the first electrically controlled slide rail (2), a second electrically controlled slide rail (4) is installed on the sliding frame (3), and the laser cutter (5) is slidably arranged on the second electrically controlled slide rail (4).

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