A welding fixture

Abstract

The application discloses a welding tool, which solves the technical problem of the burnout of alloy elements in the prior art consumable electrode and dummy electrode welding. The welding tool comprises a base, a clamping mechanism, a rotary driving part, a protection assembly and a welding assembly. The clamping mechanism is used for clamping the consumable electrode and the dummy electrode. The rotary driving part is installed on the base and is provided with an output end for driving the consumable electrode and the dummy electrode to rotate. The protection assembly comprises a support, a protection cover and a gas inlet pipe for feeding inert gas. The protection cover is installed on the support and is provided with a first through hole, a second through hole and a mounting hole arranged coaxially. The first through hole is used for the consumable electrode to extend into, the second through hole is used for the dummy electrode to extend into, and the gas inlet pipe is communicated with the protection cover. The welding assembly is provided with a welding gun for welding the consumable electrode and the dummy electrode. The welding gun is arranged in the mounting hole and is located in the protection cover. The welding tool provided by the application reduces the risk of the burnout of the alloy elements in the electrode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of welding technology, specifically relating to a welding fixture. Background Technology

[0002] Electroslag remelting is a continuous process that requires a dummy electrode to suspend the consumable electrode above the electroslag furnace and control the raising and lowering of the consumable electrode to maintain its descent speed. The dummy electrode and the consumable electrode must be coaxial to ensure uniform current distribution, maintain stable droplet transfer, and guarantee the internal and surface quality of the steel ingot. This is suitable for producing high-end special alloys and high-purity steel ingots. Excessive deviation in the coaxiality between the consumable electrode and the dummy electrode can lead to eccentric oscillation of the consumable electrode during smelting, thermal imbalance in the slag pool, segregation of the ingot structure, and even safety accidents such as electrode contact with the furnace wall and breakdown of the crystallizer.

[0003] Generally, electroslag furnace electrode welding fixtures are used to weld consumable electrodes and dummy electrodes together. In related technologies, open welding is used for consumable electrodes and dummy electrodes, which can easily cause the loss of electrode alloy elements, oxidation inclusions in the weld, and affect the quality of subsequent electroslag remelted steel ingots. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problem of easy oxidation and burn-off of alloy elements in the welding of consumable electrodes and dummy electrodes, this application provides a welding fixture. This application provides a welding fixture for welding electrodes for electroslag furnaces. The electrodes include a consumable electrode and a dummy electrode welded coaxially. The welding fixture includes: Base; Clamping mechanism for clamping consumable electrodes and dummy electrodes; A rotary drive is mounted on the base, and the rotary drive is provided with an output terminal for driving the self-consumable electrode and the dummy electrode to rotate. The protective assembly includes a bracket, a protective cover, and an inlet pipe for introducing inert gas. The protective cover is mounted on the bracket and has a first through hole, a second through hole, and a mounting hole arranged coaxially. The first through hole allows the consumable electrode to extend into it, and the second through hole allows the dummy electrode to extend into it. The inlet pipe is connected to the protective cover. The welding assembly includes a welding torch for welding the consumable electrode and the dummy electrode. The welding torch passes through the mounting hole and is located inside the protective cover.

[0005] In some embodiments, the protective cover includes a first half-cover and a second half-cover, the first half-cover and the second half-cover being snapped together, and the first half-cover being mounted on the bracket; Both the first half-cover and the second half-cover are provided with a first half-hole and a second half-hole. The first half-holes of the first half-cover and the second half-cover together form the first through hole, and the second half-holes of the first half-cover and the second half-cover together form the second through hole. The first half-cover is provided with the mounting hole, and the air inlet pipe is connected to the first half-cover.

[0006] In some embodiments, the protective assembly further includes an exhaust pipe connected to the second half-mask.

[0007] In some embodiments, the protective component further includes a sealing gasket, which is provided on the walls of both the first and second half-holes.

[0008] In some embodiments, a control component is also included, comprising a controller and a concentration sensor for detecting oxygen concentration within the protective shield, the controller being electrically connected to the concentration sensor, the welding assembly, and the rotary drive.

[0009] In some embodiments, the clamping mechanism includes a first chuck, a second chuck, a telescopic member, and a guide frame, wherein the first chuck is mounted on the output end of the rotary drive member; The second chuck is rotatably connected to the guide frame, the guide frame is slidably connected to the base along the axial direction of the consumable electrode, the telescopic member is installed on the base, and the output end of the telescopic member is connected to the guide frame.

[0010] In some embodiments, the guide frame is provided with a sliding protrusion, and the base is provided with a sliding groove, wherein the sliding protrusion and the sliding groove are slidably engaged.

[0011] In some embodiments, there are two sliding protrusions and two sliding grooves, with the two sliding grooves arranged sequentially along the radial direction of the self-consuming electrode, and the two sliding protrusions and the two sliding grooves respectively slidingly engaged.

[0012] In some embodiments, both the first chuck and the second chuck include a chuck body, chuck claws, and a driving member. Multiple chuck claws and driving members are provided, and each chuck claw corresponds to a driving member. Each driving member has an output end that moves radially along the chuck body, and the output end of the driving member is connected to the corresponding chuck claw to make the chuck claw move radially. The multiple chuck claws are distributed in a circumferential array.

[0013] In some embodiments, both the first chuck and the second chuck are provided with the same number of pressure sensors as the jaws, and the pressure sensors are used to detect the clamping force between the jaws and the electrodes; The controller is electrically connected to the pressure sensor and the drive unit.

[0014] According to the embodiments of this application, a welding fixture is provided for welding electrodes for electroslag furnaces. The electrodes include a consumable electrode and a dummy electrode welded coaxially. The welding fixture includes a base, a clamping mechanism, a rotary drive, a protective assembly, and a welding assembly. The clamping mechanism is used to clamp the consumable electrode and the dummy electrode. The rotary drive is mounted on the base and has an output end for driving the consumable electrode and the dummy electrode to rotate. The protective assembly includes a bracket, a protective cover, and an inlet pipe for supplying inert gas. The protective cover is mounted on the bracket and has a first through hole, a second through hole, and a mounting hole coaxially arranged. The first through hole allows the consumable electrode to extend into the protective cover, and the second through hole allows the dummy electrode to extend into the protective cover. The inlet pipe communicates with the protective cover. The welding assembly includes a welding torch for welding the consumable electrode and the dummy electrode. The welding torch passes through the mounting hole and is located inside the protective cover.

[0015] This application uses a clamping mechanism to clamp the consumable electrode and the dummy electrode, and a rotary drive to drive the consumable electrode and the dummy electrode to rotate, so that the welding assembly can weld the consumable electrode and the dummy electrode around the entire circle.

[0016] Because of the protective components provided in this application, the protective cover can reduce the oxygen content near the welding position during the welding process of consumable electrodes and dummy electrodes, thereby reducing the risk of burn-off of easily oxidized alloying elements such as Al and Ti in the consumable electrodes and dummy electrodes. The weld formed after welding is free of oxide inclusions and has good weld quality. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A front view of the welding fixture of this application is shown.

[0018] Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 A top view of the welding fixture.

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the protective component is shown.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100-Base, 110-Slide groove; 200-Clamping mechanism, 210-First chuck, 220-Second chuck, 230-Telescopic component, 240-Guide frame; 300-Rotation drive component; 410-Welding torch; 500-Protective assembly, 510-Protective cover, 511-First half-cover, 512-Second half-cover, 520-Concentration sensor, 530-Inlet pipe, 540-Exhaust pipe; 601-Consumable electrode, 602-Dummy electrode. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] Electrodes used in electric arc furnaces (EAFs) include consumable electrodes and dummy electrodes, which are coaxially welded together. In related technologies, open welding is used, which easily leads to the burn-off of easily oxidized alloying elements such as Al and Ti in the electrodes, resulting in oxide inclusions in the weld and affecting the quality of subsequent electroslag remelted steel ingots. To solve this technical problem, this application provides a welding fixture for welding consumable electrodes and dummy electrodes, effectively preventing the burn-off of easily oxidized alloying elements such as Al and Ti in the consumable electrodes and dummy electrodes. The weld formed after welding is free of oxide inclusions and has good weld quality.

[0023] This application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: Please see Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 The welding fixture provided in this embodiment includes a base 100, a clamping mechanism 200, a rotary drive 300, a protective assembly 500, and a welding assembly. The clamping mechanism 200 is used to clamp the consumable electrode 601 and the dummy electrode 602. The rotary drive 300 is mounted on the base 100 and has an output end for driving the consumable electrode 601 to rotate. The protective assembly 500 includes a bracket, a protective cover 510, and an inlet pipe 530 for introducing inert gas. The protective cover 510 is installed on the bracket. The protective cover 510 has a first through hole, a second through hole and a mounting hole arranged coaxially. The first through hole is for the consumable electrode 601 to extend into, and the second through hole is for the dummy electrode 602 to extend into. The air inlet pipe 530 is connected to the protective cover 510. The welding assembly is provided with a welding torch 410 for welding the consumable electrode 601 and the dummy electrode 602. The welding torch 410 passes through the mounting hole and is located inside the protective cover 510.

[0024] The base 100 serves as the mounting foundation for the clamping mechanism 200, the rotary drive component 300, and the protective assembly 500. A leveling support can be installed at the bottom of the base 100 to ensure its overall levelness. The clamping mechanism 200 clamps the consumable electrode 601 and the dummy electrode 602, ensuring their stability during welding. The rotary drive component 300 is fixed to the base 100 and drives the consumable electrode 601 and the dummy electrode 602 to rotate. During rotation, the welding torch 410 performs a full-circle weld on the mating surfaces of the consumable electrode 601 and the dummy electrode 602.

[0025] The bracket of the protective component 500 provides support for the protective cover 510. The protective cover 510 is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole, so that the parts to be welded on the consumable electrode 601 and the dummy electrode 602 can enter the protective cover through the first through hole and the second through hole, respectively. The protective component 500 is provided with an inert gas inlet pipe 530, which can create an inert atmosphere inside the protective cover. This ensures that there is no oxygen in the surrounding environment during the welding of the abutting ends of the consumable electrode 601 and the dummy electrode 602, effectively preventing the burning off of easily oxidized alloying elements such as Al and Ti in the consumable electrode 601 and the dummy electrode 602. The weld formed after welding is free of oxide inclusions and has good weld quality.

[0026] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 3 The protective cover 510 may include a first half-cover 511 and a second half-cover 512, the first half-cover 511 and the second half-cover 512 being snapped together, and the first half-cover 511 being mounted on the bracket; both the first half-cover 511 and the second half-cover 512 are provided with a first half-hole and a second half-hole, the first half-holes of the first half-cover 511 and the second half-cover 512 forming a first through hole, and the second half-holes of the first half-cover 511 and the second half-cover 512 forming a second through hole; the first half-cover 511 is provided with a mounting hole, and the air inlet pipe 530 is connected to the first half-cover 511.

[0027] The protective cover 510 can be made of a high-temperature resistant sealing material. The protective cover 510 is set as a split structure of two half covers, and the first half cover 511 and the second half cover 512 are snapped together. With this setting, the self-consuming electrode 601 and the dummy electrode 602 can be fixed by the clamping mechanism 200. At the same time, the self-consuming electrode 601 is located in the first half hole of the first half cover 511, and the dummy electrode 602 is located in the second half hole of the first half cover 511. Then, the second half cover 512 is fastened to the first half cover 511, so that the self-consuming electrode 601 passes through the first through hole and the dummy electrode 602 passes through the second through hole.

[0028] Since the welding assembly remains stationary during welding, and the first half-cover 511 is fixed to the bracket, the mounting hole is located in the first half-cover 511. This means the welding assembly is fixed to the first half-cover 511, allowing for continuous use after a single installation, which is more convenient. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the mounting hole can be located in the second half-cover 512, where the welding torch 410 of the welding assembly can be mounted.

[0029] In some embodiments, the protective component 500 may further include a sealing gasket (not shown in the figure). Sealing gaskets may be provided at the edges of the first and second half-holes, such that the consumable electrode 601 is in a sealing fit with the wall of the first half-hole, and the dummy electrode 602 is in a sealing fit with the wall of the second half-hole, thereby improving the sealing effect within the protective cover. During the rotation of the consumable electrode 601 and the dummy electrode 602 around their central axis, the frictional force between the electrode and the sealing gasket must be overcome. Since both the consumable electrode 601 and the dummy electrode 602 are extremely heavy structures, the torque required to drive their rotation is extremely large. The frictional force between the electrode and the sealing element is much smaller than the driving torque; therefore, the frictional resistance between the electrode and the sealing gasket can be ignored. In other embodiments, the consumable electrode 601 and the first through hole can be spaced apart, and the dummy electrode 602 and the second through hole can be spaced apart. This may reduce the sealing effect inside the protective cover, but precisely because the sealing effect is poor, air can be discharged from these gaps. There is no need to set up an exhaust pipe 540 to continuously introduce inert gas, which can also ensure the inert atmosphere inside the protective cover, thereby ensuring the welding quality of the weld.

[0030] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 3 The protective assembly 500 may also include an exhaust pipe 540 connected to the second half-cover 512. The exhaust pipe 540 allows air to be expelled from the protective cover, filling it with inert air.

[0031] In some embodiments, the welding fixture may further include a control component, which includes a controller and a concentration sensor 520 for detecting the oxygen concentration inside the protective cover 510. The controller is electrically connected to the concentration sensor 520 and the welding assembly. After the first half-cover 511 and the second half-cover 512 are engaged, the protective cover is filled with air containing oxygen. The oxygen concentration sensor 520 can determine whether the air has been largely eliminated and whether the protective cover is filled with inert gas. If the oxygen concentration detected by the oxygen concentration sensor 520 is lower than a set threshold, it is considered that the protective cover is filled with inert gas. The controller controls the rotary drive 300 to operate, and the consumable electrode 601 and the dummy electrode 602 rotate together around their central axis. The controller controls the welding assembly to perform full-circle welding on the end faces of the consumable electrode 601 and the dummy electrode 602, resulting in a high degree of automation. In other embodiments, the welding fixture may not have a control component. After passing inert gas into the protective cover for a preset time, the rotary drive 300 and the welding assembly are activated to perform full-circle welding on the end faces of the consumable electrode 601 and the dummy electrode 602.

[0032] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 The clamping mechanism 200 may include a first chuck 210, a second chuck 220, a telescopic member 230, and a guide frame 240. The first chuck 210 is mounted on the output end of the rotary drive member 300. The second chuck 220 is rotatably connected to the guide frame 240. The guide frame 240 is slidably connected to the base 100 along the axial direction of the consumable electrode 601. The telescopic member 230 is mounted on the base 100, and the output end of the telescopic member 230 is connected to the guide frame 240.

[0033] The first chuck 210 and the second chuck 220 are arranged axially and spaced apart from each other along the axial direction of the consumable electrode 601, and are coaxially positioned so that the consumable electrode 601 and the dummy electrode 602 can be placed between them. The first chuck 210 is mounted on the output end of the rotary drive 300, so that the rotary drive 300 can drive the first chuck 210 to rotate around the central axis of the consumable electrode 601 for full-circle welding. The guide frame 240 can move along the axial direction of the consumable electrode 601 under the action of the telescopic member 230, and the second chuck 220 is connected to the guide frame 240. Therefore, the guide frame 240 can drive the second chuck 220 to move along the axial direction of the consumable electrode 601, thereby realizing the adjustment of the distance between the first chuck 210 and the second chuck 220, so that the consumable electrode 601 and the dummy electrode 602 are pressed together. When the consumable electrode 601 and the dummy electrode 602 are pressed together, full-circle welding can be performed at the contact position of the consumable electrode 601 and the dummy electrode 602. In practice, the self-consuming electrode 601 can be fixed to the first chuck 210, the dummy electrode 602 can be fixed to the second chuck 220, and the second half-cover 512 can be engaged with the first half-cover 511. Then, through the drive of the telescopic member 230, the guide frame 240 and the second chuck 220 can be moved toward the first chuck 210, so that the dummy electrode 602 gets close to the self-consuming electrode 601 and presses against it.

[0034] In some embodiments, the guide frame 240 is provided with a sliding protrusion, and the base 100 is provided with a sliding groove 110, wherein the sliding protrusion and the sliding groove 110 are slidably engaged. This engaging structure of the sliding protrusion and the sliding groove 110 improves the stability of the guide frame 240 during axial movement along the consumable electrode 601. In other embodiments, the guide frame 240 is provided with the sliding groove 110, and the base 100 is provided with a sliding protrusion, wherein the sliding protrusion and the sliding groove 110 are slidably engaged, which also improves the stability of the guide frame 240 during axial movement along the consumable electrode 601.

[0035] In some embodiments, two sliding protrusions and two sliding grooves 110 are provided. The two sliding grooves 110 are arranged sequentially along the radial direction of the consumable electrode 601, and the two sliding protrusions and the two sliding grooves 110 are respectively slidably engaged. Providing two sliding protrusions and two sliding grooves 110 further improves the stability of the guide frame 240 during axial movement along the consumable electrode 601. In other embodiments, more sliding protrusions can be provided, such as three, and three corresponding sliding grooves 110 are also provided. The sliding protrusions and sliding grooves 110 are slidably engaged one-to-one, which also improves the stability of the guide frame 240 during axial movement along the consumable electrode 601.

[0036] In some embodiments, both the first chuck 210 and the second chuck 220 include a disc body, jaws, and a driving component. Multiple jaws and driving components are provided, with each jaw corresponding to one driving component. Each driving component has an output end that moves radially along the disc body, and the output end of the driving component is connected to the corresponding jaw to enable radial movement of the jaw. The multiple jaws are arranged in a circumferential array. Both the first chuck 210 and the second chuck 220 are independently controlled jaws, meaning the radial movement of each jaw is unaffected by other jaws and operates independently. This allows for the clamping of regular structural components, such as consumable electrodes 601 and dummy electrodes 602, as well as rectangular and elliptical interface structural components, resulting in a wide range of applications. A hydraulic cylinder can be used as the driving component, providing good stability. In other embodiments, the first chuck 210 and the second chuck 220 can also be linked chucks, where multiple jaws are driven simultaneously radially by a gear plate, enabling automatic centering. The chuck structures are all prior art; further details can be found in existing technology publications, and this application will not elaborate further.

[0037] In some embodiments, both the first chuck 210 and the second chuck 220 are provided with the same number of pressure sensors as the number of jaws. The pressure sensors are used to detect the clamping force between the jaws and the electrode. The controller is electrically connected to the pressure sensors and the drive unit. By setting pressure sensors, the interaction force between each jaw and the electrode can be obtained. By controlling each jaw to clamp the electrode with the same clamping force through the drive unit, the eccentricity error between the electrode axis and the tooling axis is automatically corrected, achieving self-centering.

[0038] The rotary drive component 300, which drives the first chuck 210 and the consumable electrode 601 to rotate, can be an electric motor. The welding assembly can be a fully automatic welding mechanism, equipped with a welding torch 410 and an automatic wire feeding structure, etc. The welding assembly is prior art, and more details can be found in existing art publications, which will not be elaborated here.

[0039] The welding method of the welding fixture provided in this application embodiment is as follows: (1) The consumable electrode 601 is clamped by the first chuck 210, the dummy electrode 602 is clamped by the second chuck 220, and the guide frame 240 is driven to move along the axial direction of the consumable electrode 601 by the action of the telescopic component 230 (hydraulic cylinder), thereby driving the second chuck 220 and the dummy electrode 602 to approach the consumable electrode 601 until the end face of the dummy electrode 602 is in contact with the end face of the consumable electrode 601. The telescopic component 230 achieves a self-locking function through the hydraulic valve block to ensure that the end face of the dummy electrode 602 is in contact with the end face of the consumable electrode 601.

[0040] (2) The second half-cover 512 is snapped into the first half-cover 511, and argon gas is introduced into the protective cover 510 through the air inlet pipe 530. Air is discharged through the exhaust pipe 540. After the concentration sensor 520 detects that the oxygen content in the protective cover 510 is less than 500ppm, the controller controls the rotary drive 300 to move, the consumable electrode 601 rotates, and at the same time drives the second chuck 220 and the dummy electrode 602 to rotate at a uniform speed. At the same time, the welding assembly is controlled to start welding work, and the welding torch 410 completes the fully automatic circumferential welding in the argon gas environment.

[0041] The welding fixture provided in this application has at least the following advantages: (1) Positioning accuracy is significantly improved: Adaptive synchronous centering is adopted, and the electrode coaxiality error is controlled within 0.05mm, which avoids the problem of electrode eccentricity in electroslag remelting from the source and improves the safety of subsequent smelting; (2) Production efficiency is greatly improved: automatic centering, automatic proximity, and elimination of manual repeated calibration process. The welding time of a single set of electrodes is shortened by more than 60%, which is suitable for continuous production rhythm. (3) Perfectly adapted to high alloy electrode welding: The locally sealed argon gas protection cavity realizes the inert atmosphere protection throughout the welding process, effectively preventing the burning of easily oxidized alloy elements such as Al and Ti. The weld is free of oxidation inclusions and the oxygen content meets the standards, which fully matches the production requirements of atmosphere-protected electroslag furnace.

[0042] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0043] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", and "counterclockwise" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0044] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this application is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0046] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A welding fixture for welding electrodes for electroslag furnaces, said electrodes comprising a consumable electrode and a dummy electrode welded coaxially, characterized in that, The welding fixture includes: Base; Clamping mechanism for clamping consumable electrodes and dummy electrodes; A rotary drive is mounted on the base, and the rotary drive is provided with an output terminal for driving the self-consumable electrode and the dummy electrode to rotate. The protective assembly includes a bracket, a protective cover, and an inlet pipe for introducing inert gas. The protective cover is mounted on the bracket and has a first through hole, a second through hole, and a mounting hole arranged coaxially. The first through hole allows the consumable electrode to extend into it, and the second through hole allows the dummy electrode to extend into it. The inlet pipe is connected to the protective cover. The welding assembly includes a welding torch for welding the consumable electrode and the dummy electrode. The welding torch passes through the mounting hole and is located inside the protective cover.

2. The welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective cover includes a first half cover and a second half cover, which are snapped together, and the first half cover is mounted on the bracket. Both the first half-cover and the second half-cover are provided with a first half-hole and a second half-hole. The first half-holes of the first half-cover and the second half-cover together form the first through hole, and the second half-holes of the first half-cover and the second half-cover together form the second through hole. The first half-cover is provided with the mounting hole, and the air inlet pipe is connected to the first half-cover.

3. The welding fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protective assembly also includes an exhaust pipe connected to the second half-mask.

4. The welding fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protective component also includes a sealing gasket, which is provided on the walls of both the first half-hole and the second half-hole.

5. The welding fixture according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It also includes a control component, which includes a controller and a concentration sensor for detecting the oxygen concentration inside the protective cover. The controller is electrically connected to the concentration sensor, the welding assembly, and the rotary drive.

6. The welding fixture according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism includes a first chuck, a second chuck, a telescopic component, and a guide frame, wherein the first chuck is mounted on the output end of the rotary drive component; The second chuck is rotatably connected to the guide frame, the guide frame is slidably connected to the base along the axial direction of the consumable electrode, the telescopic member is installed on the base, and the output end of the telescopic member is connected to the guide frame.

7. The welding fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that, The guide frame is provided with a sliding protrusion, and the base is provided with a sliding groove, with the sliding protrusion and the sliding groove slidingly engaged.

8. The welding fixture according to claim 7, characterized in that, Two sliding protrusions and two sliding grooves are provided. The two sliding grooves are arranged sequentially along the radial direction of the self-consuming electrode, and the two sliding protrusions and the two sliding grooves are respectively in sliding engagement.

9. The welding fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that, Both the first chuck and the second chuck include a chuck body, chuck claws, and a driving component. There are multiple chuck claws and driving components, and each chuck claw corresponds to a driving component. The driving component has an output end that moves radially along the chuck body. The output end of the driving component is connected to the corresponding chuck claw so that the chuck claw moves radially. The multiple chuck claws are distributed in a circumferential array.

10. The welding fixture according to claim 9, characterized in that, Both the first chuck and the second chuck are equipped with pressure sensors in the same number as the jaws, and the pressure sensors are used to detect the clamping force between the jaws and the electrodes; The controller is electrically connected to the pressure sensor and the drive unit.

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