Optimization method for mounting stress and screw torque of high power laser

Abstract

The application relates to the field of solid laser manufacturing and assembly, and provides a mounting stress and screw torque optimization method of a high-power laser. The method comprises the following steps: connecting an optical mirror frame and a bottom plate by adopting a step-by-step tightening method, the step-by-step tightening method comprises sequentially selecting multiple torques in a first preset torque range to tighten the connecting screws of a large-size mirror frame in order, and / or the step-by-step tightening method comprises sequentially selecting multiple torques in a second preset torque range to tighten the connecting screws of a small-size mirror frame; the mounting of a crystal heat sink and the bottom plate is realized by sequentially selecting multiple torques in a third preset torque range to tighten the connecting screws; for the connection of a laser diode pump and a water-cooled plate, the connecting screws are tightened by using a torque of 6 kgf.cm; multiple torques are selected in a fourth preset torque range to realize the sealing mounting of upper and lower cover plates, and a symmetrical, cross and hierarchical tightening sequence is adopted to avoid the deformation of the shell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of solid-state laser manufacturing and assembly technology, and in particular to a method for optimizing the installation stress and screw torque of a high-power laser. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of solid-state laser manufacturing and assembly technology, especially in the precision assembly of the optomechanical structure of high-power end-pumped solid-state lasers, stress control of optical component installation has always been a key factor affecting laser performance.

[0003] Existing technologies mainly focus on stress analysis and prediction, precise torque control, structural design, and dynamic stability. In stress analysis and prediction, finite element analysis is primarily used to simulate deformation, and polynomial fitting is employed to fit the optical surface shape, studying the deformation of optical elements during screw tightening. In structural design, stress transmission is cut off through a cavity structure with "mounting bosses and the inner wall of the housing" and slotting on the screw hole side of the mounting plate. In dynamic stability, overall rigidity is improved by increasing bolt connections at the base. However, existing technologies have significant drawbacks: First, they lack a systematic torque optimization scheme for different optical elements in end-pumped Yb:YAG solid-state lasers, focusing only on stress control in a single stage. Second, the specific impact of screw torque on optical performance during the assembly of specific optical elements is not clearly quantified. Furthermore, existing torque control methods do not differentiate based on the size, functional characteristics, and thermal sensitivity of optical elements, leading to the superposition of thermal and mechanical stresses during high-power operation, severely affecting laser output stability and beam quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method for optimizing the installation stress and screw torque of a high-power laser. It aims to solve the problem that the prior art has never proposed a differentiated torque range and a systematic combination scheme for different components such as the connection between the optical frame and the base plate, the installation of the crystal heat sink, the connection between the laser diode pump and the water cooling plate, and the sealing of the upper and lower cover plates. Furthermore, it has not set different torque sequence ranges for different sized frames, nor has it combined a step-by-step tightening strategy with a specific torque value range to achieve overall system optimization.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for optimizing the installation stress and screw torque of a high-power laser, the method comprising: A step-by-step tightening method is used to connect the optical frame to the base plate. This step-by-step tightening method includes sequentially tightening the connecting screws of the larger frame using multiple torques selected within a first preset torque range, and / or, the step-by-step tightening method includes sequentially tightening the connecting screws of the smaller frame using multiple torques selected within a second preset torque range; wherein the first preset torque range includes (8 kgf·cm, 22 kgf·cm), and the second preset torque range includes (3 kgf·cm, 14 kgf·cm). The crystal heat sink and the base plate are installed by sequentially tightening the connecting screws with multiple torques selected within a third preset torque range; wherein, the third preset torque range includes (6 kgf·cm, 10 kgf·cm). For the connection between the laser diode pump and the water-cooled plate, the connecting screws are tightened with a torque of 6 kgf·cm; multiple torques are selected within the fourth preset torque range to achieve the sealed installation of the upper and lower cover plates, and a symmetrical, cross and graded tightening sequence is adopted to avoid deformation of the housing; wherein, the fourth preset torque range includes (4 kgf·cm, 8 kgf·cm).

[0006] In some embodiments, the step of sequentially selecting multiple torque values ​​within a first preset torque range to tighten the connecting screws of the large-size eyeglass frame includes: sequentially tightening the connecting screws of the large-size eyeglass frame with torque values ​​of 8 kgf·cm, 12 kgf·cm, 16 kgf·cm, 20 kgf·cm, and 22 kgf·cm.

[0007] In some embodiments, the step of sequentially selecting multiple torques within a second preset torque range to tighten the connecting screws of the small-sized eyeglass frame includes: sequentially tightening the connecting screws of the small-sized eyeglass frame with torque values ​​of 6 kgf·cm, 10 kgf·cm, and 14 kgf·cm.

[0008] In some embodiments, the installation of the crystal heat sink and the base plate by selecting multiple torques within a third preset torque range and tightening the connecting screws in sequence includes: sequentially tightening the connecting screws between the crystal heat sink and the base plate with torque values ​​of 6 kgf·cm, 8 kgf·cm and 10 kgf·cm.

[0009] In some embodiments, the connection between the laser diode pump and the water-cooled plate, wherein tightening the connecting screws with a torque of 6 kgf·cm, includes: tightening the connecting screws between the laser diode pump and the water-cooled plate in one go with a torque value of 6 kgf·cm.

[0010] In some embodiments, the step of selecting multiple torques within a fourth preset torque range to achieve the sealed installation of the upper and lower cover plates includes: sequentially tightening the connecting screws of the upper and lower cover plates with torque values ​​of 4 kgf·cm, 6 kgf·cm, and 8 kgf·cm.

[0011] In some embodiments, the use of a symmetrical, cross-cutting, and graded tightening sequence to avoid housing deformation includes: performing the tightening operation of the upper and lower cover plate connecting screws in a symmetrical position, cross-cutting path, and graded increasing order.

[0012] In some embodiments, the method further includes: during the connection process between the optical frame and the base plate, collecting lens surface shape deviation data in real time, and automatically reducing the subsequent tightening torque value when the deviation exceeds a preset threshold.

[0013] In some embodiments, the method further includes: calling a pre-trained torque prediction model based on laser model parameters, outputting an optimized torque sequence for the current assembly task, and executing it.

[0014] In some embodiments, the method further includes: monitoring changes in ambient temperature in real time during the tightening process, and increasing the tightening torque value proportionally when the temperature rises to compensate for the thermal expansion effect.

[0015] This application significantly reduces the installation stress of optical components and mechanical parts in high-power lasers by providing differentiated torque optimization schemes for different optical components, and mitigates the impact of thermal stress on laser parameters during laser operation, thereby improving the output stability and beam quality of the laser and realizing an optimized method for matching optical and mechanical components.

[0016] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the steps of a method for optimizing the installation stress and screw torque of a high-power laser according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic block diagram of a system for optimizing the installation stress and screw torque of a high-power laser according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic block diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0019] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] The flowchart shown in the attached diagram is for illustrative purposes only and does not necessarily include all content and operations / steps, nor does it necessarily have to be performed in the order described. For example, some operations / steps can be broken down, combined, or partially merged, so the actual execution order may change depending on the actual situation.

[0022] It should be understood that, in order to clearly describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used in the embodiments of the present invention to distinguish identical or similar items with essentially the same function and effect. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and the terms "first" and "second" are not necessarily different.

[0023] It should be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the application. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0024] It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0025] In the field of solid-state laser manufacturing and assembly technology, especially in the precision assembly of the optomechanical structure of high-power end-pumped solid-state lasers, stress control of optical component installation has always been a key factor affecting laser performance.

[0026] Existing technologies mainly focus on stress analysis and prediction, precise torque control, structural design, and dynamic stability. In stress analysis and prediction, finite element analysis is primarily used to simulate deformation, and polynomial fitting is employed to fit the optical surface shape, studying the deformation of optical elements during screw tightening. In structural design, stress transmission is cut off through a cavity structure with "mounting bosses and the inner wall of the housing" and slotting on the screw hole side of the mounting plate. In dynamic stability, overall rigidity is improved by increasing bolt connections at the base. However, existing technologies have significant drawbacks: First, they lack a systematic torque optimization scheme for different optical elements in end-pumped Yb:YAG solid-state lasers, focusing only on stress control in a single stage. Second, the specific impact of screw torque on optical performance during the assembly of specific optical elements is not clearly quantified. Furthermore, existing torque control methods do not differentiate based on the size, functional characteristics, and thermal sensitivity of optical elements, leading to the superposition of thermal and mechanical stresses during high-power operation, severely affecting laser output stability and beam quality.

[0027] To solve the above problem, please refer to Figure 1 This application provides a method for optimizing the installation stress and screw torque of a high-power laser, applicable to computer equipment. The computer equipment can be deployed on a single server or server cluster. It can also be deployed on handheld terminals, laptops, wearable devices, or robots, etc.

[0028] The provided method for optimizing the mounting stress and screw torque of a high-power laser includes steps S101 to S103. Details are as follows: Step S101. A step-by-step tightening method is used to connect the optical frame to the base plate. The step-by-step tightening method includes sequentially selecting multiple torques within a first preset torque range and tightening the connecting screws of the large-size frame in sequence, and / or, the step-by-step tightening method includes sequentially selecting multiple torques within a second preset torque range and tightening the connecting screws of the small-size frame in sequence; wherein, the first preset torque range includes (8 kgf·cm, 22 kgf·cm), and the second preset torque range includes (3 kgf·cm, 14 kgf·cm).

[0029] Specifically, this step is used to complete the connection and assembly of all optical frames and mounting plates within the resonant cavity. During implementation, the frames are first categorized according to their external dimensions. Different torque ranges and step-by-step tightening processes are then matched to different types of frames, including: Large-size lens frame assembly: Lenses with an external profile of ≥50mm×50mm are defined as large-size lenses. These typically correspond to the support structures for large-aperture optical components such as total reflection mirrors and output coupling mirrors in lasers. The torque range of the large-size lens frame connecting screws is a first preset torque range (8kgf·cm, 22kgf·cm), implemented using a multi-step increasing torque + symmetrical cross-tightening process: the first preset torque range is divided into at least 3 graded torques. Following a sequence from low to high, each grade uses a diagonally symmetrical sequence to tighten all connecting screws sequentially, with the final tightening torque not exceeding 22kgf·cm.

[0030] For example, for a large square eyeglass frame with four connecting screws, the first stage involves pre-tightening all screws in a diagonal sequence at 8 kgf·cm, the second stage involves tightening them again in a diagonal sequence at 15 kgf·cm, and the third stage involves final tightening at 20 kgf·cm. The torque control accuracy can reach ±0.5 kgf·cm, and assembly can be achieved through a digital torque wrench or the torque closed-loop control system of an automated assembly robot.

[0031] Small-sized frame assembly: Frames with an overall outline size <50mm×50mm are defined as small-sized frames, generally corresponding to frames that support small optical components such as polarizers and Q-switching elements. The torque range of the connecting screws for small-sized frames is the second preset torque range (3kgf·cm, 14kgf·cm), and a multi-step increasing tightening process is also adopted: the second preset torque range is divided into at least two graded torques, and tightened sequentially from low to high, with the final tightening torque not exceeding 14kgf·cm.

[0032] For example, for a small-sized eyeglass frame with two connecting screws, a pre-tightening of 3 kgf·cm for the first stage and a final tightening of 12 kgf·cm for the second stage can meet the assembly requirements.

[0033] By using the aforementioned differentiated step-by-step tightening process, we can avoid the problems of loose connections and poor dynamic stability caused by insufficient torque in large-sized frames, and also avoid the additional installation stress introduced by excessive torque in small-sized optical components, thus achieving stress control in the frame assembly process.

[0034] Step S102. The crystal heat sink and the base plate are installed by selecting multiple torques within the third preset torque range and tightening the connecting screws in sequence; wherein, the third preset torque range includes (6 kgf·cm, 10 kgf·cm).

[0035] Specifically, this step is used to complete the connection and assembly of the gain crystal heat sink and the mounting base. The gain crystal is the core gain medium of the end-pumped solid-state laser and is extremely sensitive to installation stress. Improper torque will directly cause deformation of the crystal surface and degrade the beam quality.

[0036] The tightening torque range of the crystal heat sink connecting screw is the third preset torque range (6 kgf·cm, 10 kgf·cm). A multi-step symmetrical step-by-step tightening process is adopted, which divides the third preset torque range into at least two graded torques. The screws are tightened sequentially from low to high in a symmetrical and cross sequence, and the final tightening torque does not exceed 10 kgf·cm.

[0037] For example, for a rectangular Yb:YAG crystal heat sink, four connecting screws are installed at its four corners. The specific process is as follows: the first stage uses 6 kgf·cm to pre-tighten diagonally, the second stage uses 8 kgf·cm for secondary tightening, and the final tightening torque is controlled at 9 kgf·cm (not exceeding the upper limit of the range). This torque range ensures a tight fit between the crystal heat sink and the mounting base plate, meeting the heat dissipation requirements under high power operation, while avoiding excessive torque that could cause deformation of the heat sink. This allows the installation stress to be transferred to the gain crystal, achieving precise stress control in the gain crystal stage.

[0038] Step S103. For the connection between the laser diode pump and the water-cooled plate, tighten the connecting screws with a torque of 6 kgf·cm; select multiple torques within the fourth preset torque range to achieve the sealed installation of the upper and lower cover plates, and adopt a symmetrical, cross and graded tightening sequence to avoid deformation of the housing; wherein, the fourth preset torque range includes (4 kgf·cm, 8 kgf·cm).

[0039] Specifically, after assembling all optical components within the cavity, this step completes the assembly of the pump module and the sealing assembly of the entire housing, which is divided into two implementation stages: Laser diode pump module and water-cooled plate connection and assembly: In view of the heat dissipation requirements and stress characteristics of the laser diode pump module, this embodiment specifies that the tightening torque of all connecting screws between the pump module and the water-cooled plate is fixed at 6 kgf·cm. This torque ensures a tight thermal contact between the pump module and the water-cooled plate, meets the heat dissipation requirements of high-power pumping, and avoids excessive torque that could cause deformation of the water-cooled plate and cause pump optical path deviation.

[0040] Sealing Assembly of Upper and Lower Cover Plates: After assembling the pump module, the upper and lower cover plates of the laser housing are sealed and installed. The torque range of the connecting screws of the upper and lower cover plates is within the fourth preset torque range (4 kgf·cm, 8 kgf·cm). A symmetrical, cross-tightening sequence is adopted, specifically: the fourth preset torque range is divided into two levels. The first level selects 4 kgf·cm, and all connecting screws are pre-tightened in a symmetrical cross-tightening sequence from the center of the cover plate outwards. The second level selects 6~8 kgf·cm for final tightening, and the final tightening torque does not exceed 8 kgf·cm. This tightening sequence and torque range can effectively avoid the overall deformation of the housing caused by uneven stress during the tightening of the cover plates, prevent the deformation of the housing from causing deformation of the mounting base plate, and thus transfer additional stress to the optical components inside the cavity, thereby achieving control of installation stress at the overall machine level.

[0041] In some embodiments, the step of sequentially selecting multiple torque values ​​within a first preset torque range to tighten the connecting screws of the large-size eyeglass frame includes: sequentially tightening the connecting screws of the large-size eyeglass frame with torque values ​​of 8 kgf·cm, 12 kgf·cm, 16 kgf·cm, 20 kgf·cm, and 22 kgf·cm.

[0042] This embodiment targets large-sized eyeglass frames with an outline size ≥50mm×50mm and equipped with 4 or more connecting screws (typically used to support large-aperture resonant cavity optical components such as total reflection mirrors and output coupling mirrors). The assembly of these large-sized frames is divided into 5 progressively tightening stages. Each stage follows a diagonally symmetrical tightening sequence, completing the tightening of all connecting screws one by one before moving to the next stage: the first stage pre-tightens all screws at 8 kgf·cm to allow the frame to initially fit against the base plate; the second stage performs a secondary tightening at 12 kgf·cm; the third stage performs a tertiary tightening at 16 kgf·cm; the fourth stage performs a fourth tightening at 20 kgf·cm; and the final stage completes the final tightening at 22 kgf·cm. Torque is controlled using a digital torque tool with closed-loop torque control or an automated assembly robot, with a control accuracy of no less than ±0.2 kgf·cm. This five-stage progressively increasing scheme gradually releases assembly stress, avoiding localized stress concentration caused by a single tightening, and effectively controlling the surface deformation of large-sized optical components.

[0043] In some embodiments, the step of sequentially selecting multiple torques within a second preset torque range to tighten the connecting screws of the small-sized eyeglass frame includes: sequentially tightening the connecting screws of the small-sized eyeglass frame with torque values ​​of 6 kgf·cm, 10 kgf·cm, and 14 kgf·cm.

[0044] This embodiment targets small-sized eyeglass frames (typically used to support small optical components such as polarizers, half-wave plates, and Q-switching elements) with an outline size of <50mm×50mm and equipped with 2-3 connecting screws. The assembly of these small-sized frames is divided into three progressively tightening stages. Specifically, screws are tightened sequentially in a symmetrical order: the first stage pre-tightens all screws at 6 kgf·cm; the second stage tightens intermediate screws at 10 kgf·cm; and the final stage tightens at 14 kgf·cm, with a torque control accuracy of no less than ±0.1 kgf·cm. This torque-grading scheme ensures the reliability of the small-sized frame connection while avoiding excessive torque that introduces additional installation stress, preventing small optical components from cracking or deforming due to excessive stress.

[0045] In some embodiments, the installation of the crystal heat sink and the base plate by selecting multiple torques within a third preset torque range and tightening the connecting screws in sequence includes: sequentially tightening the connecting screws between the crystal heat sink and the base plate with torque values ​​of 6 kgf·cm, 8 kgf·cm and 10 kgf·cm.

[0046] This embodiment targets the gain crystal heat sink for an end-pumped Yb:YAG solid-state laser. The heat sink is typically rectangular with four connecting screws at its four corners. The tightening process follows a diagonally symmetrical sequence, with each stage's screws tightened before moving to the next: the first stage uses a pre-tightening of 6 kgf·cm to ensure initial contact between the heat sink and the mounting plate; the second stage uses 8 kgf·cm for intermediate tightening; and the final stage uses 10 kgf·cm for final tightening. After each stage is tightened, a 3-5 second pause is allowed to release stress before proceeding to the next stage. This torque-grading scheme ensures a tight fit between the heat sink and the mounting plate, meeting the heat dissipation requirements for high-power operation, while also preventing excessive torque from deforming the heat sink and transferring installation stress to the gain crystal, thus preventing wavefront distortion in the gain crystal.

[0047] In some embodiments, the connection between the laser diode pump and the water-cooled plate, wherein tightening the connecting screws with a torque of 6 kgf·cm, includes: tightening the connecting screws between the laser diode pump and the water-cooled plate in one go with a torque value of 6 kgf·cm.

[0048] The laser diode pump module itself has high structural rigidity and is not sensitive to installation stress. Furthermore, it is already positioned and fixed before assembly. Therefore, this embodiment does not require a staged tightening process. In practice, each connecting screw is tightened to 6 kgf·cm in one go, with the torque deviation controlled within ±0.2 kgf·cm. This solution ensures tight thermal contact between the pump module and the water-cooling plate, meeting the heat dissipation requirements of high-power pumps, while avoiding warping and deformation of the water-cooling plate due to over-tightening. It also simplifies the assembly process and improves assembly efficiency.

[0049] In some embodiments, the step of selecting multiple torques within a fourth preset torque range to achieve the sealed installation of the upper and lower cover plates includes: sequentially tightening the connecting screws of the upper and lower cover plates with torque values ​​of 4 kgf·cm, 6 kgf·cm, and 8 kgf·cm.

[0050] This embodiment focuses on the sealing assembly of the upper and lower cover plates of the laser housing. The cover plate assembly is divided into three progressively tightening steps: the first step is to pre-tighten all connecting screws at 4 kgf·cm, so that the cover plate initially fits against the housing frame; the second step is to complete the secondary tightening at 6 kgf·cm, so that the cover plate uniformly presses against the sealing element; and the final step is to complete the final tightening at 8 kgf·cm. This three-stage progressive torque increase method avoids the stress abrupt change caused by tightening to the end in one go, and prevents uneven stress on the cover plate from causing warping.

[0051] In some embodiments, the use of a symmetrical, cross-cutting, and graded tightening sequence to avoid housing deformation includes: performing the tightening operation of the upper and lower cover plate connecting screws in a symmetrical position, cross-cutting path, and graded increasing order.

[0052] This embodiment clearly defines the tightening sequence of the upper and lower cover plates. In practice, taking the geometric center of the cover plate as the origin, starting with the screws closest to the center, the screws in symmetrical positions are grouped together, and tightened outwards along the intersecting path, group by group. Under the same level of torque, all groups of screws are tightened before proceeding to the next level of tightening with a higher torque, following the rule of "symmetrical pairing, intersecting expansion, and progressive tightening." For example, for a rectangular cover plate with screws arranged in 4 rows and 4 columns, the two pairs of diagonally symmetrical screws in the central area are tightened first, and then the second outermost and outermost symmetrical screws are tightened sequentially outwards. Each level of torque follows this sequence. This sequence effectively avoids localized stress accumulation, prevents overall warping and deformation of the housing, and avoids additional deformation of the mounting base plate and internal optical components caused by housing deformation.

[0053] In some embodiments, the method further includes: during the connection process between the optical frame and the base plate, collecting lens surface shape deviation data in real time, and automatically reducing the subsequent tightening torque value when the deviation exceeds a preset threshold.

[0054] This embodiment adds a closed-loop stress control step to the assembly process. Specifically, an online interferometry detection system is set up at the assembly station. After each level of torque tightening, the surface shape data of the optical mirror is collected in real time, and the surface shape deviation is calculated (usually using PV value or RMS value as the deviation index). A preset surface shape deviation threshold is set (for example, when the detection wavelength is 632.8nm, the PV value threshold is set to λ / 10). If the detected surface shape deviation exceeds the preset threshold, it indicates that the current assembly stress has exceeded the allowable range. The subsequent tightening torque values ​​are automatically adjusted down proportionally to the deviation. The correction formula is: T_next = T0_next × (1 - Δ / Δ0), where T_next is the corrected next-level torque, T0_next is the original set next-level torque, Δ is the deviation exceeding the threshold, and Δ0 is the preset threshold. After correction, the torque is not increased back to the original set value, ensuring that the surface shape of the optical component meets the design requirements and achieving personalized stress control for components with different tolerances.

[0055] In some embodiments, the method further includes: calling a pre-trained torque prediction model based on laser model parameters, outputting an optimized torque sequence for the current assembly task, and executing it.

[0056] This embodiment is adapted to automated batch assembly scenarios. In practice, a torque prediction model is pre-trained using historical assembly data as samples. The sample inputs include laser output power, optical component dimensions, component materials, thermal load, and other model parameters. The sample labels are the torque grading sequences that best match the laser's output performance after assembly. A convolutional neural network or a backpropagation neural network is used to train the model. During actual assembly, the model parameters of the laser to be assembled are input, and the pre-trained torque prediction model is invoked. It directly outputs an optimized torque grading sequence that matches the current assembly task, and then the automated assembly robot performs the tightening operation according to the output torque sequence. This solution enables rapid, personalized torque optimization for lasers of different specifications, improving product consistency and assembly efficiency in batch assembly.

[0057] In some embodiments, the method further includes: monitoring changes in ambient temperature in real time during the tightening process, and increasing the tightening torque value proportionally when the temperature rises to compensate for the thermal expansion effect.

[0058] This embodiment addresses scenarios involving fluctuating assembly ambient temperatures, compensating for torque deviations caused by temperature changes. Specifically, a high-precision temperature sensor is placed at the assembly station to monitor the ambient temperature and the body temperature of the components to be assembled in real time, setting a baseline assembly temperature of 25°C. When the actual monitored temperature exceeds the baseline temperature, the temperature deviation ΔT is calculated. The subsequent tightening torque is then proportionally adjusted according to the thermal expansion coefficient α of the component material. The correction formula is Tcorrected = Tstandard × (1 + α × ΔT), where Tcorrected is the corrected torque and Tstandard is the original nominal torque. Since the components expand thermally when the temperature rises, the screw torque decreases due to component contraction after cooling to room temperature. This correction method compensates for the torque attenuation after cooling by proportionally increasing the tightening torque when the temperature rises, preventing screw loosening during long-term use and ensuring assembly reliability.

[0059] In some embodiments, to address the issue that repeated high and low temperature thermal cycling during the long-term operation of high-power end-pumped solid-state lasers can lead to screw torque relaxation and redistribution of assembly stress, resulting in output performance drift, this embodiment adds an in-situ thermal cycling stress calibration process after assembly to release stress and correct torque in advance, ensuring long-term stability.

[0060] After all components are tightened and assembled, the laser is placed in an environmental test chamber for three high and low temperature simulation cycles. The cycle temperature range is set from -10℃ to +50℃, with each temperature zone held for 30 minutes to ensure that the laser's overall temperature reaches the set value uniformly. During the cycle, a low-power detection laser is introduced into the cavity, and the surface shape data of each core optical component (gain crystal, total reflection mirror, and output mirror) is collected in situ in real time through an online interferometric detection system built outside the cavity. After the cycle, the laser returns to room temperature (25℃), and the surface shape PV value of each optical component is compared before and after the thermal cycle. If the surface shape PV value changes by more than λ / 8 (λ is the detection laser wavelength of 632.8nm), the torque of the corresponding connecting screw is fine-tuned according to the direction of change. If the PV value increases and the surface shape distortion is caused by increased stress, the torque of the corresponding screw is reduced by 5% to 10%. If the PV value increases and the component shifts due to torque relaxation, the torque of the corresponding screw is increased by 3% to 8%. After fine-tuning, the surface shape is retested until the surface shape deviation of all components meets the design requirements before the machine is sealed and shipped. This embodiment can eliminate stress drift caused by thermal cycling in advance, improving the stability of laser output power by more than 20% during 10,000 hours of operation after the laser leaves the factory.

[0061] In some embodiments, traditional assembly only controls torque. Due to the influence of thread hole machining tolerance and screw surface roughness differences, the axial preload deviation corresponding to the same torque can reach more than 20%, resulting in poor batch assembly consistency. This embodiment adopts dual closed-loop control of torque and axial force to ensure preload consistency.

[0062] By assembling a servo torque cutter with an integrated high-precision axial force sensor (sensor accuracy no less than ±1%), during tightening, the current output torque and screw axial preload are simultaneously collected at each tightening stage: First, tightening is performed in stages according to a preset corrected torque. After each stage, the actual axial preload is compared with the target preload range. If the actual axial force is lower than the lower limit of the target range, it indicates that the thread friction is too high, and the preload is insufficient under the same torque; in this case, the torque of the next stage is increased by 10%. If the actual axial force is higher than the upper limit of the target range, it indicates that the thread friction is too low, and the preload is too high under the same torque; in this case, the torque of the next stage is reduced by 10%. The final tightening stage requires two conditions to be met simultaneously: the final tightening torque must fall within the corresponding preset torque range, and the axial preload must fall within ±5% of the target range. If either condition is not met, the assembly is deemed unqualified and rework is required. This embodiment can control the preload consistency of batch assembly to within 8%, significantly improving the yield of high-power laser mass production.

[0063] In some embodiments, traditional torque control uses offline preset parameters and does not incorporate actual optical performance feedback during assembly. This can easily lead to situations where the torque meets the requirements but the optical performance fails to meet the standards. This embodiment uses actual output performance as the optimization target to achieve dynamic closed-loop optimization of torque.

[0064] A low-power pump test system and power acquisition module are pre-built at the assembly station. After each stage of tightening the gain crystal heat sink and cavity mirror mount is completed, the low-power pump source is started to output power, and the current output power of the laser is acquired in real time. The pump coupling efficiency η = output laser power increment / pump injection power is calculated. If the calculated coupling efficiency is lower than 95% of the preset threshold, it indicates that the current tightening has caused deformation or displacement of the optical component surface. At this time, the torque of each connecting screw of the component is finely adjusted one by one, with each adjustment range being 1% to 5% of the original torque. The coupling efficiency is re-acquired after each adjustment, and the torque value corresponding to the highest coupling efficiency is recorded. After all screws are adjusted, the torque parameter at the highest coupling efficiency is locked before assembling the next component. This embodiment directly uses the actual optical performance of the laser as the optimization target, and is particularly suitable for the precision assembly of high-power end-pumped lasers of 100 watts and above. It can improve the pump coupling efficiency by 5% to 8% and reduce the output beam quality β factor by more than 10%.

[0065] Those skilled in the art will understand that the technical features in the above embodiments can be freely combined to obtain technical solutions that meet different assembly scenarios and different precision requirements. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the protection scope of this invention.

[0066] Please see Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-power laser mounting stress and screw torque optimization system 200 provided in this application embodiment. This high-power laser mounting stress and screw torque optimization system 200 is used to execute the steps of the high-power laser mounting stress and screw torque optimization methods shown in the above embodiments. The high-power laser mounting stress and screw torque optimization system 200 can be a single server or a server cluster, or it can be a terminal, such as a handheld terminal, laptop computer, wearable device, or robot.

[0067] like Figure 2 As shown, the optimization system 200 for mounting stress and screw torque of a high-power laser includes: Step-by-step tightening unit 201 is used to connect the optical frame to the base plate using a step-by-step tightening method. The step-by-step tightening method includes sequentially selecting multiple torques within a first preset torque range to tighten the connecting screws of the large-size frame in sequence, and / or, the step-by-step tightening method includes sequentially selecting multiple torques within a second preset torque range to tighten the connecting screws of the small-size frame; wherein, the first preset torque range includes (8 kgf·cm, 22 kgf·cm), and the second preset torque range includes (3 kgf·cm, 14 kgf·cm). The base plate mounting unit 202 is used to install the crystal heat sink to the base plate by sequentially tightening the connecting screws with multiple torques selected within a third preset torque range; wherein, the third preset torque range includes (6 kgf·cm, 10 kgf·cm). The pump connection unit 203 is used to connect the laser diode pump to the water-cooled plate, and the connecting screws are tightened with a torque of 6 kgf·cm. Multiple torques are selected in the fourth preset torque range to achieve the sealed installation of the upper and lower cover plates, and a symmetrical, cross and graded tightening sequence is adopted to avoid deformation of the housing. The fourth preset torque range includes (4 kgf·cm, 8 kgf·cm).

[0068] In some embodiments, the step of sequentially selecting multiple torque values ​​within a first preset torque range to tighten the connecting screws of the large-size eyeglass frame includes: sequentially tightening the connecting screws of the large-size eyeglass frame with torque values ​​of 8 kgf·cm, 12 kgf·cm, 16 kgf·cm, 20 kgf·cm, and 22 kgf·cm.

[0069] In some embodiments, the step of sequentially selecting multiple torques within a second preset torque range to tighten the connecting screws of the small-sized eyeglass frame includes: sequentially tightening the connecting screws of the small-sized eyeglass frame with torque values ​​of 6 kgf·cm, 10 kgf·cm, and 14 kgf·cm.

[0070] In some embodiments, the installation of the crystal heat sink and the base plate by selecting multiple torques within a third preset torque range and tightening the connecting screws in sequence includes: sequentially tightening the connecting screws between the crystal heat sink and the base plate with torque values ​​of 6 kgf·cm, 8 kgf·cm and 10 kgf·cm.

[0071] In some embodiments, the connection between the laser diode pump and the water-cooled plate, wherein tightening the connecting screws with a torque of 6 kgf·cm, includes: tightening the connecting screws between the laser diode pump and the water-cooled plate in one go with a torque value of 6 kgf·cm.

[0072] In some embodiments, the step of selecting multiple torques within a fourth preset torque range to achieve the sealed installation of the upper and lower cover plates includes: sequentially tightening the connecting screws of the upper and lower cover plates with torque values ​​of 4 kgf·cm, 6 kgf·cm, and 8 kgf·cm.

[0073] In some embodiments, the use of a symmetrical, cross-cutting, and graded tightening sequence to avoid housing deformation includes: performing the tightening operation of the upper and lower cover plate connecting screws in a symmetrical position, cross-cutting path, and graded increasing order.

[0074] In some embodiments, the method further includes: during the connection process between the optical frame and the base plate, collecting lens surface shape deviation data in real time, and automatically reducing the subsequent tightening torque value when the deviation exceeds a preset threshold.

[0075] In some embodiments, the method further includes: calling a pre-trained torque prediction model based on laser model parameters, outputting an optimized torque sequence for the current assembly task, and executing it.

[0076] In some embodiments, the method further includes: monitoring changes in ambient temperature in real time during the tightening process, and increasing the tightening torque value proportionally when the temperature rises to compensate for the thermal expansion effect.

[0077] It should be noted that those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the optimization system for installation stress and screw torque of the high-power laser described above, as well as the specific working process of each module, can be referred to the corresponding content in the various embodiments of the optimization method for installation stress and screw torque of the high-power laser described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0078] The aforementioned optimization method for mounting stress and screw torque of high-power lasers can be implemented as a computer program, which can be used in applications such as... Figure 2 It runs on the device shown.

[0079] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3This is a schematic block diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, and a network interface connected via a device bus, wherein the memory may include a storage medium and internal memory.

[0080] The storage medium can store operating devices and computer programs. The computer program includes program instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform an optimization method for the mounting stress and screw torque of any high-power laser.

[0081] The processor provides computing and control capabilities, supporting the operation of the entire computer device.

[0082] The internal memory provides an environment for the execution of computer programs in non-volatile storage media. When executed by a processor, the computer program enables the processor to perform optimization methods for the installation stress and screw torque of any high-power laser.

[0083] This network interface is used for network communication, such as sending assigned tasks. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 3 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the terminal to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0084] It should be understood that the processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), but it can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. Among these, a general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0085] In one embodiment, the processor is configured to run a computer program stored in memory to perform the following steps: A step-by-step tightening method is used to connect the optical frame to the base plate. This step-by-step tightening method includes sequentially tightening the connecting screws of the larger frame using multiple torques selected within a first preset torque range, and / or, the step-by-step tightening method includes sequentially tightening the connecting screws of the smaller frame using multiple torques selected within a second preset torque range; wherein the first preset torque range includes (8 kgf·cm, 22 kgf·cm), and the second preset torque range includes (3 kgf·cm, 14 kgf·cm). The crystal heat sink and the base plate are installed by sequentially tightening the connecting screws with multiple torques selected within a third preset torque range; wherein, the third preset torque range includes (6 kgf·cm, 10 kgf·cm). For the connection between the laser diode pump and the water-cooled plate, the connecting screws are tightened with a torque of 6 kgf·cm; multiple torques are selected within the fourth preset torque range to achieve the sealed installation of the upper and lower cover plates, and a symmetrical, cross and graded tightening sequence is adopted to avoid deformation of the housing; wherein, the fourth preset torque range includes (4 kgf·cm, 8 kgf·cm).

[0086] In some embodiments, the step of sequentially selecting multiple torque values ​​within a first preset torque range to tighten the connecting screws of the large-size eyeglass frame includes: sequentially tightening the connecting screws of the large-size eyeglass frame with torque values ​​of 8 kgf·cm, 12 kgf·cm, 16 kgf·cm, 20 kgf·cm, and 22 kgf·cm.

[0087] In some embodiments, the step of sequentially selecting multiple torques within a second preset torque range to tighten the connecting screws of the small-sized eyeglass frame includes: sequentially tightening the connecting screws of the small-sized eyeglass frame with torque values ​​of 6 kgf·cm, 10 kgf·cm, and 14 kgf·cm.

[0088] In some embodiments, the installation of the crystal heat sink and the base plate by selecting multiple torques within a third preset torque range and tightening the connecting screws in sequence includes: sequentially tightening the connecting screws between the crystal heat sink and the base plate with torque values ​​of 6 kgf·cm, 8 kgf·cm and 10 kgf·cm.

[0089] In some embodiments, the connection between the laser diode pump and the water-cooled plate, wherein tightening the connecting screws with a torque of 6 kgf·cm, includes: tightening the connecting screws between the laser diode pump and the water-cooled plate in one go with a torque value of 6 kgf·cm.

[0090] In some embodiments, the step of selecting multiple torques within a fourth preset torque range to achieve the sealed installation of the upper and lower cover plates includes: sequentially tightening the connecting screws of the upper and lower cover plates with torque values ​​of 4 kgf·cm, 6 kgf·cm, and 8 kgf·cm.

[0091] In some embodiments, the use of a symmetrical, cross-cutting, and graded tightening sequence to avoid housing deformation includes: performing the tightening operation of the upper and lower cover plate connecting screws in a symmetrical position, cross-cutting path, and graded increasing order.

[0092] In some embodiments, the method further includes: during the connection process between the optical frame and the base plate, collecting lens surface shape deviation data in real time, and automatically reducing the subsequent tightening torque value when the deviation exceeds a preset threshold.

[0093] In some embodiments, the method further includes: calling a pre-trained torque prediction model based on laser model parameters, outputting an optimized torque sequence for the current assembly task, and executing it.

[0094] In some embodiments, the method further includes: monitoring changes in ambient temperature in real time during the tightening process, and increasing the tightening torque value proportionally when the temperature rises to compensate for the thermal expansion effect.

[0095] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to implement the steps of the optimization method for mounting stress and screw torque of a high-power laser as provided in any embodiment of this application.

[0096] The computer-readable storage medium may be an internal storage unit of the computer device described in the foregoing embodiments, such as the hard disk or memory of the computer device. The computer-readable storage medium may also be an external storage device of the computer device, such as a plug-in hard disk, SmartMedia Card (SMC), Secure Digital (SD) card, or Flash Card equipped on the computer device.

[0097] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the installation stress and screw torque of a high-power laser, characterized in that, include: A step-by-step tightening method is used to connect the optical frame to the base plate. This step-by-step tightening method includes sequentially tightening the connecting screws of the larger frame using multiple torques selected within a first preset torque range, and / or, the step-by-step tightening method includes sequentially tightening the connecting screws of the smaller frame using multiple torques selected within a second preset torque range; wherein the first preset torque range includes (8 kgf·cm, 22 kgf·cm), and the second preset torque range includes (3 kgf·cm, 14 kgf·cm). The crystal heat sink and the base plate are installed by sequentially tightening the connecting screws with multiple torques selected within a third preset torque range; wherein, the third preset torque range includes (6 kgf·cm, 10 kgf·cm). For the connection between the laser diode pump and the water-cooled plate, the connecting screws are tightened with a torque of 6 kgf·cm; multiple torques are selected within the fourth preset torque range to achieve the sealed installation of the upper and lower cover plates, and a symmetrical, cross and graded tightening sequence is adopted to avoid deformation of the housing; wherein, the fourth preset torque range includes (4 kgf·cm, 8 kgf·cm).

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of sequentially selecting multiple torques within a first preset torque range and tightening the connecting screws of the large-size eyeglass frame in sequence includes: Tighten the connecting screws of the large-size eyeglass frame in sequence with torque values ​​of 8 kgf·cm, 12 kgf·cm, 16 kgf·cm, 20 kgf·cm and 22 kgf·cm.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of sequentially selecting multiple torques within a second preset torque range to tighten the connecting screws of the small-sized eyeglass frame includes: Tighten the connecting screws of the small-sized eyeglass frame by applying torque values ​​of 6 kgf·cm, 10 kgf·cm, and 14 kgf·cm in sequence.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation of the crystal heat sink and the base plate by sequentially tightening the connecting screws with multiple torques selected within a third preset torque range includes: Tighten the connecting screws between the crystal heat sink and the base plate by applying torque values ​​of 6 kgf·cm, 8 kgf·cm and 10 kgf·cm in sequence.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection between the laser diode pump and the water-cooled plate is described, using a torque of 6 kgf·cm to tighten the connecting screws, including: Tighten the connecting screws between the laser diode pump and the water-cooling plate in one go with a torque of 6 kgf·cm.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of selecting multiple torques within a fourth preset torque range to achieve sealed installation of the upper and lower cover plates includes: Tighten the connecting screws of the upper and lower cover plates in sequence with torque values ​​of 4 kgf·cm, 6 kgf·cm and 8 kgf·cm.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The use of a symmetrical, cross-hatched, and graded tightening sequence to avoid housing deformation includes: Tighten the connecting screws of the upper and lower cover plates in a symmetrical, intersecting, and progressively increasing order.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: During the connection process between the optical frame and the base plate, the lens surface shape deviation data is collected in real time. When the deviation exceeds the preset threshold, the subsequent tightening torque value is automatically reduced.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The pre-trained torque prediction model is invoked based on the laser model parameters, and the optimized torque sequence for the current assembly task is output and executed.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: During the tightening process, the ambient temperature is monitored in real time. When the temperature rises, the tightening torque is increased proportionally to compensate for the thermal expansion effect.

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