Five-axis linkage drilling and milling combined machining center

Abstract

The application discloses a five-axis linkage drilling and milling combined machining center and belongs to the technical field of five-axis machining equipment. Two tool bits of a driving assembly can be switched by an adjusting assembly. When machining a single workpiece, one of the tool bits can be selected to participate in machining, and the other tool bit is in a deactivated state, so that the conventional single-piece drilling and milling machining demand is met. The two tool bits can be replaced according to needs. When one of the tool bits is worn or damaged, the machining center does not need to be stopped for replacement, downtime is effectively reduced, equipment utilization is improved, and the two tool bits can be simultaneously activated. The axial distance of the two tool bits is consistent with the axial distance of two small clamps, so that the same machining process of two workpieces is synchronously completed in the same machining beat. The two tool bits are driven by the same driving assembly, and a complete driving system does not need to be separately configured for each tool bit. While the machining efficiency is improved, the equipment structural complexity and driving cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of five-axis machining equipment technology, and in particular to a five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center. Background Technology

[0002] Five-axis simultaneous drilling and milling machining centers, with their multi-degree-of-freedom machining advantages, are widely used in the combined drilling and milling of precision parts. Their machining flexibility, efficiency, and integration are core indicators for evaluating the performance of high-end CNC machining equipment. While existing five-axis simultaneous drilling and milling machining centers can meet the needs of machining complex curved surfaces, inclined holes, and multi-faceted surfaces when processing larger workpieces, their spindles are typically equipped with only a single set of tools, meaning only one workpiece can be machined per machining cycle. Furthermore, the fixtures on the worktable are mostly of fixed specifications, usually clamping and positioning around a single workpiece. When the product to be machined is small, although there is still extra space on the worktable and clamping area, existing fixtures cannot easily switch between single-piece clamping of large workpieces and multi-piece clamping of small workpieces, resulting in multiple small workpieces still needing to be clamped and machined sequentially, leading to long machining cycles and low equipment utilization. Even with multiple independent fixtures or multiple independent spindle structures, separate drive and control mechanisms are often required, resulting in complex equipment structures and increased manufacturing costs.

[0003] To address the above problems, this invention proposes a five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the common problems in existing five-axis linkage drilling and milling machining centers, where the spindle end is typically equipped with only a single set of tools, allowing only one workpiece to be machined per machining cycle. Furthermore, when the workpiece is small, although there is still ample space in the worktable and clamping area, existing fixtures struggle to switch between single-piece clamping of large workpieces and multi-piece clamping of small workpieces, resulting in multiple small workpieces needing to be clamped and machined sequentially, leading to long machining cycles and low equipment utilization. Even with multiple independent fixtures or spindle structures, separate drive and control mechanisms are often required, resulting in complex equipment structures and increased manufacturing costs. Therefore, this invention proposes a five-axis linkage drilling and milling machining center.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center includes a five-axis drilling and milling equipment, wherein the five-axis drilling and milling equipment is provided with a milling mechanism and a multi-axis moving structure, a rotating structure is provided above the multi-axis moving structure, and an adjusting fixture is provided on the rotating structure; The adjusting clamp includes an adjusting shell, a large chuck, and four small chucks. The large chuck is rotatably mounted on the adjusting shell via bearings. A chuck switching assembly is provided in the adjusting shell. The small chucks are mounted on the chuck switching assembly. Transmission gears are fixedly mounted on both the large and small chucks. The transmission gears in the upper and lower positions can switch to drive the rotating assembly. The adjusting shell is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft of the rotating structure via bearings. Locking assemblies for preventing the adjusting shell from rotating are provided on both sides of the adjusting shell. The milling mechanism includes an adjusting cylinder, which is installed above the inner wall of the five-axis drilling and milling equipment. An adjusting component is provided at one end of the adjusting cylinder, and a driving component is provided on the adjusting component.

[0006] Preferably, the chuck switching assembly includes a first drive structure, which is installed in the adjustment housing. The first drive mechanism meshes with a first gear ring, which is installed on a turntable. The turntable is rotatably installed on the adjustment housing via a bearing, and the small chuck is rotatably installed on the turntable via a bearing.

[0007] Preferably, the locking assembly includes a side cylinder and a threaded pin. An outer handle is fixedly connected to the side cylinder, and the side cylinder is fixedly connected to the adjusting shell. Two locking holes are opened on the side cylinder, and a threaded bracket is engaged in the locking holes. The threaded bracket is slidably connected to the guide rod, and the two ends of the guide rod are fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the rotating structure and the inner wall of the side cylinder, respectively.

[0008] Preferably, the threaded pin is provided with two opposite threads, and two threaded brackets are respectively threadedly connected to the two threaded pins. The threaded pin is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft of the rotating structure through a bearing.

[0009] Preferably, the rotating assembly includes a second driving structure, which is mounted on the drive shaft of the rotating structure and meshes with a second gear ring. The second gear ring is fixedly connected to a third gear ring, which is rotatably mounted on the turntable via a bearing and can mesh with a transmission gear.

[0010] Preferably, the adjusting assembly includes a housing, which is fixedly connected to the adjusting cylinder. A driving piston and two pushing pistons are disposed in the housing. An adjusting plate extending out of the housing is fixedly connected below the pushing pistons. A pressure plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the adjusting plate, and a locking rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure plate.

[0011] Preferably, a first motor is mounted on the housing, and a screw is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor. The screw is rotatably mounted on the housing via a bearing, and a nut is threaded onto the screw. The nut is mounted on the drive piston.

[0012] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a second motor and two drive shafts. The second motor is fixedly mounted on the housing. The output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected to a polygonal rod. A rotating cylinder adapted to the polygonal rod is sleeved on the polygonal rod. A spring connects the rotating cylinder to the top fixing rod of the polygonal rod.

[0013] Preferably, the rotating drum is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate via a bearing, the pressure plate is pressed against the mounting plate, and the mounting plate has two slots, in which the locking rod is engaged.

[0014] Preferably, the drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the drive frame via bearings, the drive frame is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and two of the drive shaft are equipped with second bevel gears, two of which mesh with first bevel gears. The first bevel gears are mounted on the rotating drum, and the other two second bevel gears mesh with third bevel gears respectively. The third bevel gears are mounted on the cutter shaft, the cutter shaft is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate via bearings, and cutter heads are mounted on the cutter shaft. The axial distance between the two cutter heads is the same as the axial distance between the two small chucks.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center allows for switching between two cutting heads of the drive assembly via an adjustable component. When machining a single workpiece, one cutting head can be selected for machining while the other remains inactive, thus meeting the needs of conventional single-piece drilling and milling machining. The two cutting heads can be interchanged as needed, and when one cutting head is worn or damaged, there is no need to stop the machine for replacement, effectively reducing downtime and improving equipment utilization. Both cutting heads can be used simultaneously, with the axis distance between them matching the axis distance between the two small chucks. This allows for the synchronous completion of the same machining process on two workpieces within the same machining cycle. Furthermore, both cutting heads are driven by the same drive assembly, eliminating the need for a separate complete drive system for each cutting head. This improves machining efficiency while reducing equipment structural complexity and drive costs.

[0016] 2. This five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center can switch between large and small chucks by adjusting the rotation function of the housing. When machining larger workpieces, the large chuck can be used to stably clamp a single large workpiece. When machining multiple small workpieces, multiple small chucks can be switched to allow each small workpiece to be independently positioned and clamped. The rotation of the small and large chucks can be driven synchronously by the rotating component, thus adapting to the single-piece machining of large workpieces and the simultaneous clamping of multiple small workpieces. This avoids the problems of wasted clamping space, numerous clamping times, and low changeover efficiency of traditional fixed fixtures when machining small workpieces. Furthermore, the chuck switching component enables continuous machining operations by switching the position of the small chucks.

[0017] 3. This five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center achieves a stable positional correspondence between the tool heads and workpieces by matching the axes of the two tool heads with the corresponding workpiece centers. Simultaneously, the adjustment component can selectively replace the two tool heads according to the machining mode, and can also selectively drive a large chuck or multiple small chucks to maintain rotation according to the clamping mode via a rotation component. Furthermore, the chuck switching component can switch the position of the small chucks to correspond with the tool head position, maintaining continuous machining operations. Compared to methods that only increase the number of fixtures or tools, this invention can simultaneously adapt to changes in the number of workpieces at both the clamping and machining ends. This allows the equipment to maintain conventional five-axis machining capabilities when machining large workpieces, and significantly increases the output per machining cycle when machining small workpieces, thereby improving equipment utilization, machining efficiency, and structural integration. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of a five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the milling mechanism and multi-axis moving structure of a five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the rotating structure of a five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the adjustment housing of a five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center proposed in this invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional perspective view of a locking component of a five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center proposed in this invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the adjustment housing of a five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center proposed in this invention; Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the milling mechanism of a five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center proposed in this invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional perspective view of the adjustment component of a five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center proposed in this invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the side cylinder of a five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center proposed in this invention; Figure 10 This is a partial perspective view of the drive assembly of a five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center proposed in this invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 100. Five-axis drilling and milling equipment; 101. Milling mechanism; 1011. Adjusting cylinder; 1012. Adjusting assembly; 10121. Housing; 10122. Drive piston; 10123. Nut; 10124. Screw; 10125. First motor; 10126. Adjusting plate; 10127. Locking rod; 10128. Pressure plate; 10129. Push piston; 1013. Drive assembly; 10131. Second motor; 10132. Mounting plate; 10133. Spring; 10134. Polygonal rod; 10135. Rotary drum; 10136. First bevel gear; 10137. Transmission frame; 10138. Transmission shaft; 10139. Second bevel gear; 101310. Third bevel gear ; 101311, Cutting head; 101312, Cutting shaft; 102, Adjusting clamp; 1021, Adjusting shell; 1022, Locking assembly; 10221, Side cylinder; 10222, Outer shank; 10223, Threaded bracket; 10224, Guide rod; 10225, Locking jaw; 10226, Threaded pin; 1023, Small chuck; 1024, Large chuck; 1025, Chuck switching assembly; 10251, First drive structure; 10252, First gear ring; 10253, Turntable; 1026, Rotation assembly; 10261, Second drive structure; 10262, Second gear ring; 10263, Third gear ring; 1027, Transmission gear; 103, Multi-axis moving structure; 104, Rotation structure. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0022] Example 1: Refer to Figures 1-5 and Figures 7-10A five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center includes a five-axis drilling and milling machine 100, which is equipped with a milling mechanism 101 and a multi-axis moving structure 103. A rotating structure 104 is provided above the multi-axis moving structure 103. The rotating structure 104 in the five-axis drilling and milling machine 100 can drive the workpiece to adjust its angle, thereby meeting the drilling and milling operations at different angles. At the same time, the multi-axis moving structure 103 can realize the multi-axis movement of the workpiece, meeting the drilling and milling operations at different positions of the workpiece. The five-axis drilling and milling machine 100 is also equipped with a cooling device. The coolant sprayed by the cooling device can facilitate chip removal and improve machining accuracy. An adjusting fixture 102 is provided on the rotating structure 104. The adjusting clamp 102 includes an adjusting shell 1021, a large jaw 1024, and four small jaws 1023. The large jaw 1024 is rotatably mounted on the adjusting shell 1021 via bearings. A jaw switching assembly 1025 is provided in the adjusting shell 1021. The small jaws 1023 are provided on the jaw switching assembly 1025. A transmission gear 1027 is fixedly installed on both the large jaw 1024 and the small jaws 1023. The large jaw 1024 and the small jaws 1023 can automatically clamp and position the workpiece using a pneumatic gripper method to prevent the workpiece from loosening. The transmission gear 1027 in the up and down position can switch to drive the rotating assembly 1026. Locking assemblies 1022 are provided on both sides of the adjusting shell 1021 to prevent the adjusting shell 1021 from rotating. The milling mechanism 101 includes an adjusting cylinder 1011. The adjusting assembly 1012 includes a housing 10121, which is fixedly connected to the adjusting cylinder 1011. A drive piston 10122 and two push pistons 10129 are disposed within the housing 10121. An adjusting plate 10126 extending through the housing 10121 is fixedly connected below the push pistons 10129. A pressure plate 10128 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the adjusting plate 10126, and a locking rod 10127 is fixedly connected below the pressure plate 10128. The downward movement of the cutting head 101311 causes the pressure plate 10128 to drive the mounting plate 10132 downward, thereby allowing the first bevel gear 10136 to adjust downward synchronously, ensuring that the first bevel gear 10136 and the second bevel gear... 10139 is engaged. A first motor 10125 is mounted on the housing 10121. The output shaft of the first motor 10125 is fixedly connected to a screw 10124. The screw 10124 is rotatably mounted on the housing 10121 via a bearing. The bearing ensures stable rotation of the screw 10124 and can be configured as a sealed bearing to prevent leakage. A nut 10123 is threaded onto the screw 10124 and is mounted on the drive piston 10122. An adjusting cylinder 1011 is mounted above the inner wall of the five-axis drilling and milling equipment 100. An adjusting component 1012 is provided at one end of the adjusting cylinder 1011. A drive component 1013 is provided on the adjusting component 1012. The drive component 1013 includes a second motor 10131. The device includes two drive shafts 10138, and a second motor 10131 fixedly mounted on the housing 10121. The output shaft of the second motor 10131 is fixedly connected to a polygonal rod 10134. A rotating cylinder 10135, adapted to the polygonal rod 10134, is fitted onto the polygonal rod 10134. The rotating cylinder 10135 can slide on the polygonal rod 10134, allowing the pressure plate 10128 to be easily adjusted. The polygonal structure of the polygonal rod 10134 ensures that the inner cavity of the rotating cylinder 10135 matches the shape of the polygonal rod 10134. Therefore, rotation of the polygonal rod 10134 drives the rotating cylinder 10135 to rotate. A spring 10133 connects the rotating cylinder 10135 to the top fixed rod of the polygonal rod 10134. After upward adjustment via the pressure plate 10128... Spring 10133 can drive the rotating drum 10135 to reset, so that the rotating drum 10135 can drive the first bevel gear 10136 to reset, keeping the first bevel gear 10136 always engaged with the second bevel gear 10139. The rotating drum 10135 is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate 10132 via bearings. The pressure plate 10128 is pressed onto the mounting plate 10132. The mounting plate 10132 has two bayonets, and the locking rod 10127 is engaged in the bayonets. The drive shaft 10138 is rotatably mounted on the drive frame 10137 via bearings. The drive frame 10137 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 10132. The two ends of the drive shaft 10138 are equipped with second bevel gears 10139, two of which engage with the first bevel gear 10136.The first bevel gear 10136 is mounted on the rotating drum 10135. Two other second bevel gears 10139 mesh with the third bevel gear 101310. A second motor 10131 drives the polygonal rod 10134 to rotate, causing the rotating drum 10135 to drive the first bevel gear 10136 and the second bevel gears 10139. The second bevel gears 10139, through their interaction with the third bevel gears 101310, enable the rotary drilling and milling operation of the cutter shaft 101312 and the cutter head 101311. The third bevel gear 101310 is mounted on the cutter shaft 101312, which is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate 10132 via bearings. The cutter head 101311 is mounted on the cutter shaft 101312, and the axial distance between the two cutter heads 101311 is the same as the axial distance between the two small chucks 1023.

[0023] In this embodiment: the first motor 10125 drives the screw 10124 to rotate. The screw 10124 adjusts the position of the drive piston 10122 via the nut 10123, causing the drive piston 10122 to move up and down using two push pistons 10129 under hydraulic control. This allows the two cutting heads 101311 of the drive assembly 1013 to be switched on and off when machining a single workpiece. This satisfies the requirements of conventional single-piece drilling and milling machining, and the two cutting heads 101311 can be replaced as needed. When one of the cutting heads 101311 is worn or damaged, there is no need to stop the machine to replace it, effectively reducing downtime and improving equipment utilization. Both cutting heads 101311 can be used simultaneously. The axis distance between the two cutting heads 101311 is consistent with the axis distance between the two small chucks 1023, so that the same processing steps of two workpieces can be completed synchronously within the same processing cycle. Moreover, the two cutting heads 101311 are driven by the same drive component 1013, so there is no need to configure a complete drive system for each cutting head 101311 separately. While improving processing efficiency, it can reduce the complexity of equipment structure and drive cost.

[0024] Example 2: Refer to Figures 4-6 A five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center includes a chuck switching assembly 1025. The chuck switching assembly 1025 includes a first drive structure 10251, which is installed in an adjustment housing 1021. The first drive mechanism meshes with a first gear ring 10252, which is installed on a turntable 10253. The turntable 10253 is rotatably mounted on the adjustment housing 1021 via bearings. A small chuck 1023 is rotatably mounted on the turntable 10253 via bearings. The first drive structure 10251 and the second drive structure 10261 include a motor and gears. The motor drives the gears to rotate the first gear ring 10252, causing the turntable 10253 to rotate and switch the position of the small chuck 1023, facilitating continuous machining operations. The locking assembly 1022 includes a side cylinder 10221 and a threaded pin 10226. An outer handle 10222 is fixedly connected to the side cylinder 10221, which is also fixedly connected to the adjusting housing 1021. Two locking slots 10225 are provided on the side cylinder 10221, and a threaded bracket 10223 engages in each slot. The threaded bracket 10223 is slidably connected to a guide rod 10224. Both ends of the guide rod 10224 are fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the rotating structure 104 and the inner wall of the side cylinder 10221, respectively. The threaded pin 10226 has two opposite threads. 10223 is threadedly connected to two threaded pins 10226 respectively. The threaded pins 10226 are rotatably mounted on the drive shaft of the rotating structure 104 via bearings. The adjusting shell 1021 can be rotated via the outer handle 10222. The large chuck 1024 and the small chuck 1023 can be replaced according to the size of the workpiece to improve applicability. After replacement, the threaded pin 10226 can be rotated via the operating handle on the top of the threaded pin 10226. Since the two threads on the threaded pin 10226 are set in opposite directions, the two threaded brackets 10223 are respectively locked into the locking mouth 10225 to ensure the stability of the adjusting shell 1021. The rotating assembly 1026 includes a second drive structure 10261, which is mounted on the drive shaft of the rotating structure 104. The second drive structure 10261 meshes with a second gear ring 10262, which is fixedly connected to a third gear ring 10263. The third gear ring 10263 is rotatably mounted on a turntable 10253 via bearings and can mesh with transmission gears 1027. An adjusting housing 1021 is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft of the rotating structure 104 via bearings. The second drive structure 10261 can drive the second gear ring 10262 and the third gear ring 10263 to rotate. When the small chuck 1023 is used, the third gear ring 10263 meshes with multiple transmission gears 1027 to achieve angle adjustment by rotating the workpiece, eliminating the need for continuous rotation and satisfying the workpiece milling operation.

[0025] In this embodiment: the use of large jaw 1024 and small jaw 1023 can be switched by adjusting the rotation function of the housing 1021. When processing larger workpieces, large jaw 1024 can be used to stably clamp a single large workpiece. When processing multiple small workpieces, multiple small jaws 1023 can be switched to be used, so that multiple small workpieces are independently positioned and clamped. The rotation of small jaw 1023 and large jaw 1024 can be driven synchronously by the rotating component 1026, so that it can adapt to the single processing of large workpieces and the simultaneous clamping of multiple small workpieces. This avoids the problems of wasted clamping space, multiple clamping times and low changeover efficiency of traditional fixed fixtures when processing small workpieces. Secondly, the jaw switching component 1025 realizes continuous processing operation by switching the position of small jaw 1023.

[0026] Example 3: Reference Figures 1-5 and Figure 7 A five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center includes an adjusting fixture 102. The adjusting fixture 102 includes an adjusting shell 1021, a large chuck 1024, and four small chucks 1023. The large chuck 1024 is rotatably mounted on the adjusting shell 1021 via bearings. A chuck switching assembly 1025 is provided in the adjusting shell 1021. The small chucks 1023 are provided on the chuck switching assembly 1025. Transmission gears 1027 are fixedly mounted on both the large chuck 1024 and the small chucks 1023. The transmission gears 1027 in the upper and lower positions can switch to drive the rotating assembly 1026. The adjusting shell 1021 is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft of the rotating structure 104 via bearings. Locking assemblies 1022 for preventing the adjusting shell 1021 from rotating are provided on both sides of the adjusting shell 1021. The milling mechanism 101 includes an adjusting cylinder 1011, which is installed above the inner wall of the five-axis drilling and milling equipment 100. An adjusting component 1012 is provided at one end of the adjusting cylinder 1011, and a driving component 1013 is provided on the adjusting component 1012.

[0027] In this embodiment: by matching the axes of the two cutting heads 101311 with the corresponding workpiece center positions, a stable positional correspondence is established between the cutting heads 101311 and the workpiece. Simultaneously, the adjustment component 1012 can selectively replace the two cutting heads 101311 according to the processing mode, and can also selectively drive the large chuck 1024 or multiple small chucks 1023 to maintain rotation according to the clamping mode via the rotation component 1026. Furthermore, the chuck switching component 1025 can switch the position of the small chucks 1023 to correspond with the position of the cutting heads 101311, maintaining continuous processing. Compared to methods that only increase the number of fixtures or cutting tools, this invention can simultaneously adapt to changes in the number of workpieces at both the clamping and processing ends. This allows the equipment to maintain conventional five-axis machining capabilities when processing large workpieces, and significantly increases the output per single processing cycle when processing small workpieces, thereby improving equipment utilization, processing efficiency, and structural integration.

[0028] Working principle: During workpiece drilling and milling operations, the adjusting housing 1021 is rotated according to the workpiece size, thereby switching between the use of the large chuck 1024 and the small chuck 1023. After switching, the threaded pin 10226 is rotated to drive the threaded bracket 10223 into the locking slot 10225, completing the fixation of the adjusting housing 1021. The five-axis drilling and milling equipment 100 can be equipped with a robotic arm for loading and unloading. After loading, the small chuck 1023 can clamp the workpieces sequentially. When drilling and milling a single workpiece is required, the first motor 10125 controls the screw 10124 to rotate, and the screw 10124 drives the nut. 10123 and drive piston 10122 move. Drive piston 10122 can use hydraulic pressure to drive two push pistons 10129 to move up and down respectively, so that the two cutter heads 101311 are staggered up and down. A single cutter head 101311 can be used alone, while also satisfying the switching of cutter heads 101311. When the two cutter heads 101311 need to work synchronously, drive piston 10122 uses hydraulic pressure to keep the two push pistons 10129 on the same plane, so that the two cutter heads 101311 are on the same plane, thereby satisfying the synchronous operation of the two cutter heads 101311. After the cutter head 101311 is adjusted, the five-axis drilling and milling equipment 100 controls the adjusting cylinder 1011 to move downward, thereby enabling the cutter head 101311 to perform downward cutting operations. Then, the second motor 10131 drives the polygonal rod 10134 to rotate, which in turn drives the rotary drum 10135 to rotate. The rotary drum 10135 drives the first bevel gear 10136 to mesh with the second bevel gear 10139, causing the transmission shaft 10138 to drive another second bevel gear 10139 and a third bevel gear 101310. The third bevel gear 101310 drives the cutter head 101311 to rotate via the cutter shaft 101312 for drilling and milling. Alternatively, the second gear ring 10262 can rotate via the second drive structure 10261. The third gear ring 10263 drives the transmission gear 1027, causing the small chuck 1023 to rotate the workpiece for drilling and milling. At the same time, the rotating structure 104 can control the rotation of the workpiece to adjust different angles for drilling and milling. The multi-axis moving structure 103 can also realize multi-axis movement of the workpiece to achieve drilling and milling operations at different positions. After drilling and milling is completed, the drive component 1013 resets upwards, and then drives the first gear ring 10252 to rotate through the first drive structure 10251. The first gear ring 10252 drives the turntable 10253 to switch the position of the small chuck 1023. After switching, the workpiece is processed again. The small chuck 1023 can release the finished product, and the robotic arm can take out the processed finished product and reload it for continuous processing.

[0029] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center, comprising a five-axis drilling and milling machine (100), characterized in that, The five-axis drilling and milling equipment (100) is provided with a milling mechanism (101) and a multi-axis moving structure (103). A rotating structure (104) is provided above the multi-axis moving structure (103), and an adjusting fixture (102) is provided on the rotating structure (104). The adjusting clamp (102) includes an adjusting shell (1021), a large chuck (1024), and four small chucks (1023). The large chuck (1024) is rotatably mounted on the adjusting shell (1021) via bearings. A chuck switching assembly (1025) is provided in the adjusting shell (1021). The small chucks (1023) are provided on the chuck switching assembly (1025). A transmission gear (1027) is fixedly mounted on both the large chuck (1024) and the small chucks (1023). The transmission gear (1027) in the upper and lower positions can switch to drive the rotating assembly (1026). The adjusting shell (1021) is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft of the rotating structure (104) via bearings. Locking assemblies (1022) for preventing the adjusting shell (1021) from rotating are provided on both sides of the adjusting shell (1021). The milling mechanism (101) includes an adjusting cylinder (1011), which is installed above the inner wall of the five-axis drilling and milling equipment (100). An adjusting component (1012) is provided at one end of the adjusting cylinder (1011), and a driving component (1013) is provided on the adjusting component (1012).

2. The five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, The claw switching assembly (1025) includes a first drive structure (10251), which is installed in the adjustment housing (1021). The first drive structure (10251) meshes with a first gear ring (10252), which is installed on a turntable (10253). The turntable (10253) is rotatably installed on the adjustment housing (1021) via a bearing. The small claw (1023) is rotatably installed on the turntable (10253) via a bearing.

3. The five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking assembly (1022) includes a side cylinder (10221) and a threaded pin (10226). An outer handle (10222) is fixedly connected to the side cylinder (10221). The side cylinder (10221) is fixedly connected to the adjusting shell (1021). Two locking holes (10225) are opened on the side cylinder (10221). A threaded bracket (10223) is engaged in the locking hole (10225). The threaded bracket (10223) is slidably connected to the guide rod (10224). The two ends of the guide rod (10224) are fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the rotating structure (104) and the inner wall of the side cylinder (10221), respectively.

4. A five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that, The threaded pin (10226) is provided with two opposite threads, and two threaded brackets (10223) are respectively threadedly connected to the two threaded pins (10226). The threaded pin (10226) is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft of the rotating structure (104) through a bearing.

5. A five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotating assembly (1026) includes a second drive structure (10261), which is mounted on the drive shaft of the rotating structure (104). The second drive structure (10261) meshes with a second gear ring (10262), which is fixedly connected to a third gear ring (10263). The third gear ring (10263) is rotatably mounted on a turntable (10253) via a bearing, and can mesh with a transmission gear (1027).

6. A five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly (1012) includes a housing (10121), which is fixedly connected to the adjustment cylinder (1011). The housing (10121) is provided with a drive piston (10122) and two push pistons (10129). An adjustment plate (10126) that protrudes from the housing (10121) is fixedly connected below the push piston (10129). A pressure plate (10128) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the adjustment plate (10126), and a locking rod (10127) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure plate (10128).

7. A five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center according to claim 6, characterized in that, A first motor (10125) is installed on the housing (10121). The output shaft of the first motor (10125) is fixedly connected to a screw (10124). The screw (10124) is rotatably mounted on the housing (10121) through a bearing. A nut (10123) is threaded onto the screw (10124). The nut (10123) is mounted on the drive piston (10122).

8. A five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drive assembly (1013) includes a second motor (10131) and two drive shafts (10138). The second motor (10131) is fixedly mounted on the housing (10121). The output shaft of the second motor (10131) is fixedly connected to a polygonal rod (10134). A rotating cylinder (10135) adapted to the polygonal rod (10134) is sleeved on the polygonal rod (10134). A spring (10133) is connected between the rotating cylinder (10135) and the top fixing rod of the polygonal rod (10134).

9. A five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center according to claim 8, characterized in that, The rotating drum (10135) is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate (10132) via bearings. The pressure plate (10128) is pressed onto the mounting plate (10132). The mounting plate (10132) has two slots, and the locking rod (10127) is engaged in the slots.

10. A five-axis linkage drilling and milling composite machining center according to claim 9, characterized in that, The drive shaft (10138) is rotatably mounted on the drive frame (10137) via bearings. The drive frame (10137) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (10132). Second bevel gears (10139) are mounted on both ends of the drive shaft (10138). Two of the second bevel gears (10139) mesh with first bevel gears (10136). The first bevel gears (10136) are mounted on the rotating drum (10135). The other two... The second bevel tooth (10139) meshes with the third bevel tooth (101310), which is mounted on the cutter shaft (101312). The cutter shaft (101312) is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate (10132) via bearings. The cutter shaft (101312) is equipped with a cutter head (101311), and the axial distance between the two cutter heads (101311) is the same as the axial distance between the two small chucks (1023).

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