An axial follow-up anti-vibration fixture suitable for machining of an elongated shaft and a machining method

Abstract

The application relates to an axial follow-up type anti-vibration clamp suitable for machining of an elongated shaft and a machining method. The clamp solves the technical problems of poor rigidity and high equipment cost of the existing elongated shaft workpiece machining. The clamp comprises a base, the base is provided with a fixed seat at one end and an activity seat capable of moving towards the fixed seat at the other end, a fixed spindle assembly is arranged at the upper end of the fixed seat, an activity spindle assembly is arranged at the upper end of the activity seat, the activity spindle assembly is provided with an activity clamping mechanism at one end, a built-in center mechanism abutting against the other end face of the shaft workpiece is movably arranged in the fixed spindle assembly, and the fixed spindle assembly is provided with a fixed clamping mechanism at one end, the fixed clamping mechanism is used for allowing the shaft workpiece and / or the built-in center mechanism to pass through and clamping and positioning the outer side of the shaft workpiece. The activity seat and the built-in center mechanism can adjust the distance between the machining area and the clamping area, and the rigidity of the shaft workpiece is ensured. The clamping of the shaft workpiece can be completed through the fixed spindle assembly and the activity spindle assembly, and the cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of workpiece processing equipment, specifically relating to an axial following type anti-vibration fixture and processing method suitable for machining slender shafts. Background Technology

[0002] Most existing slender shaft workpieces are clamped using traditional fixtures and clamping methods. Among these, the existing clamping methods are mostly double-center clamping. However, double-center clamping cannot maintain the rigidity of slender shaft workpieces during the clamping process, which makes the workpiece prone to vibration during processing. This method is only suitable for scenarios with a small length-to-diameter ratio. To address this, the market has begun to use external center rests to clamp workpieces. Center rests can effectively prevent the problem of poor rigidity of slender shaft workpieces. However, center rests have high requirements for installation space and require additional slide rails for installation, resulting in higher equipment costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems by providing an axially following anti-vibration fixture suitable for machining slender shafts.

[0004] Another object of the present invention is to provide a processing method to address the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an axially following anti-vibration fixture suitable for machining slender shafts, comprising a base, one end of which has a fixed seat and the other end of which is movably provided with a movable seat that can move toward the fixed seat; the upper end of the fixed seat is provided with a fixed spindle assembly and the upper end of the movable seat is provided with a movable spindle assembly; the movable spindle assembly has a movable clamping mechanism for clamping and positioning one end of the shaft workpiece near the fixed spindle assembly; and a movable clamping mechanism that abuts against the other end face of the shaft workpiece is movably provided within the fixed spindle assembly. The fixed spindle assembly has a built-in center mechanism that moves towards or away from the movable spindle assembly. The fixed spindle assembly has a fixed clamping mechanism at one end near the movable spindle assembly, through which the shaft-like workpiece and / or the built-in center mechanism pass and can clamp and position the outer side of the shaft-like workpiece. The fixed spindle assembly can press down on one end of the shaft-like workpiece through the built-in center mechanism, and the fixed clamping mechanism can improve the rigidity and clamping stability of the shaft-like workpiece. Furthermore, the movable spindle assembly can easily clamp and position the shaft-like workpiece quickly on the base through the movable clamping mechanism.

[0006] In the aforementioned axially following anti-vibration fixture suitable for machining slender shafts, the movable spindle assembly includes a movable spindle box fixedly mounted on the upper end of a movable seat. A movable spindle body is rotatably mounted inside the movable spindle box. Both ends of the movable spindle body extend to the outside of the movable spindle box. A movable clamping mechanism is located at one end of the movable spindle body near the fixed spindle assembly, and a movable spindle rotary cylinder is located at the other end of the movable spindle body away from the fixed spindle assembly. The movable spindle rotary cylinder can drive the movable spindle body to rotate. The movable clamping mechanism is fixedly mounted on the movable spindle body, and the movable spindle rotary cylinder can drive the shaft workpiece to rotate for machining via the movable spindle body.

[0007] In the aforementioned axial following vibration-damping fixture suitable for machining slender shafts, the movable clamping mechanism includes a movable jaw seat located at one end of the movable spindle body near the fixed spindle assembly. The end face of the movable jaw seat is uniformly provided with a plurality of movable jaw bodies for clamping shaft-type workpieces. The movable jaw seat facilitates the fixed mounting of the movable jaw bodies on the movable spindle body. The shaft-type workpiece is clamped and fixed on the movable jaw bodies, and the movable spindle body can drive the shaft-type workpiece to perform rotational machining.

[0008] In the aforementioned axially following anti-vibration fixture suitable for machining slender shafts, the fixed spindle assembly includes a fixed spindle box fixedly mounted on the upper end of the fixed base. A fixed spindle body for shaft-type workpieces to pass through is rotatably mounted inside the fixed spindle box. Both ends of the fixed spindle body extend to the outside of the fixed spindle box. The fixed clamping mechanism is located at one end of the fixed spindle body near the movable spindle assembly, and a fixed spindle rotation cylinder is located at the other end of the fixed spindle body away from the movable spindle assembly. The fixed spindle rotation cylinder can drive the fixed spindle body to rotate, and the fixed spindle box facilitates the fixed spindle body to be fixedly mounted on the fixed base.

[0009] In the aforementioned axial-following anti-vibration fixture suitable for machining slender shafts, the fixed clamping mechanism includes a fixed jaw seat disposed at one end of the fixed spindle body near the movable spindle assembly. One end face of the fixed jaw seat is provided with several fixed jaw bodies for clamping shaft-like workpieces. The fixed jaw bodies are evenly distributed circumferentially, forming a workpiece positioning channel between them. Each fixed jaw body has rollers on one side facing the workpiece positioning channel and abutting against the outer side of the shaft-like workpiece. The shaft-like workpiece passes sequentially through the workpiece positioning channel and the fixed jaw seat and enters the inner side of the fixed spindle body. The workpiece positioning channel facilitates the shaft-like workpiece's placement within the fixed spindle body. The fixed jaw bodies provide fixed clamping for the shaft-like workpiece. The rollers guide the shaft-like workpiece and reduce friction, minimizing damage. The fixed jaw bodies are fixedly mounted on the fixed spindle body via the fixed jaw seat, and the fixed spindle body, through the fixed jaw bodies, drives the shaft-like workpiece to rotate for machining.

[0010] In the aforementioned axially following anti-vibration fixture suitable for machining slender shafts, the built-in center mechanism includes a built-in center assembly axially movably disposed on the inner side of the fixed spindle body. A center movement drive assembly is located outside the fixed spindle rotary cylinder at the end of the fixed spindle housing away from the movable spindle assembly, and can drive the built-in center assembly to move axially along the fixed spindle body. The built-in center assembly can press down on one end of the shaft-like workpiece, improving its rigidity and ensuring the machining effect. Furthermore, the center movement drive assembly can adjust the exposed length of the shaft-like workpiece, further improving its clamping rigidity and ensuring the machining effect.

[0011] In the aforementioned axial-following anti-vibration fixture suitable for machining slender shafts, the center-moving drive assembly includes an L-shaped hydraulic cylinder mounting bracket disposed on the outer side of the fixed spindle box away from the movable spindle assembly. One end of the hydraulic cylinder mounting bracket is mounted on the fixed spindle box, and the other end is equipped with a drive cylinder. The hydraulic rod fixing mechanism facilitates the fixed mounting of the drive cylinder on the fixed spindle box. The drive cylinder can control the length of the concealed center assembly, ensuring the pressing effect on the shaft workpiece, improving the rigidity of the shaft workpiece, and ensuring the machining effect.

[0012] In the aforementioned axially following anti-vibration fixture suitable for machining slender shafts, the built-in center assembly includes a pull tube axially disposed on the inner circumferential side of a fixed spindle body. One end of the pull tube is movably fitted with a center body that abuts against one end face of the shaft workpiece. The other end of the pull tube is inserted into the inner side of a rotary cylinder of the fixed spindle. The center body is connected to one end of a connecting screw movably disposed within the pull tube. The other end of the connecting screw is connected to the piston rod of a drive cylinder via a floating joint. A graphite copper sleeve is slidably disposed within the pull tube on the outer side of the floating joint. The graphite copper sleeve provides lubrication, reducing friction between the floating joint and the pull tube. The floating joint also allows the piston rod to be fixedly connected to the connecting screw. The piston rod and the connecting screw together drive the center body to press against the shaft workpiece, improving the clamping effect, increasing rigidity, and ensuring the machining effect of the shaft workpiece.

[0013] A machining method suitable for swallowing vibration-resistant machining of slender workpieces, the method includes the following steps:

[0014] S1: The movable clamping mechanism clamps one end of the shaft workpiece, and the built-in center mechanism in the fixed spindle assembly extends to press against the center hole of the other end of the shaft workpiece. The tool processes the outer circle A section of the shaft workpiece. After the A section is processed, it provides the outer circle clamping position for the fixed clamping mechanism. During this process, the B, C, and D sections located in the middle of the workpiece are not processed to avoid vibration during processing.

[0015] S2: After the outer circle of section A is machined, the fixed clamping mechanism is released, and the movable spindle assembly and the built-in center mechanism move to the left at the same time. The section A position of the shaft workpiece is swallowed into the fixed clamping mechanism and the fixed spindle assembly and clamped by the fixed clamping mechanism. Sections B and D of the workpiece are machined, but section C, which is located in the middle of the workpiece, is not machined to prevent vibration during machining.

[0016] S3: After the outer diameters of sections B and D are machined, the fixed clamping mechanism is released, and the movable spindle assembly and the built-in center mechanism move to the left simultaneously again, swallowing the section B position of the shaft workpiece into the fixed clamping mechanism and the fixed spindle assembly and clamping it through the fixed clamping mechanism, and then machining section C of the workpiece.

[0017] In the above processing method, in steps S2 and S3, the movement of the movable spindle assembly is achieved by the driver driving the movable seat to slide horizontally along the base. The movement of the movable spindle assembly and the built-in center mechanism must be synchronized.

[0018] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are:

[0019] 1. The distance between the machining area and the clamping area can be adjusted by the movable seat and the built-in center mechanism to ensure the rigidity of shaft workpieces and ensure machining effect;

[0020] 2. The fixed clamping mechanism, the movable clamping mechanism, and the built-in center mechanism can ensure the clamping effect of shaft workpieces, ensure the rigidity of shaft workpieces, and improve the machining effect of shaft workpieces.

[0021] 3. The clamping of shaft-type workpieces can be completed by the fixed spindle assembly on the fixed seat and the movable spindle assembly on the movable seat, which reduces equipment costs and has low requirements for installation space. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the machining of section A of the shaft-type workpiece in this invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the machining of sections B and D of the shaft-type workpiece in this invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the machining of section C of the shaft-type workpiece in this invention.

[0026] In the diagram: Base 1, Fixed seat 11, Movable seat 12, Fixed spindle assembly 2, Fixed spindle box 21, Fixed spindle body 22, Movable spindle assembly 3, Movable spindle box 31, Movable spindle body 32, Shaft-type workpiece 4, Movable clamping mechanism 5, Movable spindle rotary cylinder 51, Movable jaw seat 52, Movable jaw body 53, Concealed center mechanism 6, Concealed center assembly 61, Pull tube 611, Center body 612, Connecting screw 613, Floating joint 614, Piston rod 615, Graphite copper sleeve 616, Center movable drive assembly 62, Hydraulic cylinder fixing frame 621, Drive cylinder 622, Fixed clamping mechanism 7, Fixed spindle rotary cylinder 71, Fixed jaw seat 72, Fixed jaw body 73, Workpiece positioning channel 74, Roller 75. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, an axially following anti-vibration fixture suitable for machining slender shafts includes a base 1. One end of the base 1 has a fixed seat 11, and the other end has a movable seat 12 that can move toward the fixed seat 11. The upper end of the fixed seat 11 has a fixed spindle assembly 2, and the upper end of the movable seat 12 has a movable spindle assembly 3. The movable spindle assembly 3 has a movable clamping mechanism 5 for clamping and positioning one end of a shaft workpiece 4 near the fixed spindle assembly 2. A movable clamping mechanism 5 is provided within the fixed spindle assembly 2 that abuts against the other end face of the shaft workpiece 4 and can move away from or toward the movable spindle assembly. The embedded center mechanism 6 moves in the direction of component 3. The fixed spindle assembly 2 is provided with a fixed clamping mechanism 7 at one end near the movable spindle assembly 3, through which the shaft workpiece 4 and / or the embedded center mechanism 6 pass and can clamp and position the outer side of the shaft workpiece 4. The fixed spindle assembly 2 can press one end of the shaft workpiece 4 through the embedded center mechanism 6, and the fixed clamping mechanism 7 can improve the rigidity of the shaft workpiece 4 and improve the clamping stability of the shaft workpiece 4. The movable spindle assembly 3 can facilitate the quick clamping and mounting of the shaft workpiece 4 on the base 1 through the movable clamping mechanism 5.

[0029] Specifically, the movable spindle assembly 3 includes a movable spindle box 31 fixedly mounted on the upper end of the movable seat 12. A movable spindle body 32 is rotatably mounted inside the movable spindle box 31. Both ends of the movable spindle body 32 extend to the outside of the movable spindle box 31. A movable clamping mechanism 5 is located at one end of the movable spindle body 32 near the fixed spindle assembly 2 and at the other end of the movable spindle body 32 away from the fixed spindle assembly 2. A movable spindle rotary cylinder 51 is provided. The movable spindle rotary cylinder 51 can drive the movable spindle body 32 to rotate. The movable clamping mechanism 5 is fixedly mounted on the movable spindle body 32, and the movable spindle rotary cylinder 51 can drive the shaft workpiece 4 to rotate for processing through the movable spindle body 32.

[0030] The movable clamping mechanism 5 includes a movable jaw seat 52 located at one end of the movable spindle body 32 near the fixed spindle assembly 2. The end face of the movable jaw seat 52 is evenly provided with a plurality of movable jaw bodies 53 for clamping shaft workpieces 4. The movable jaw seat 52 can easily fix the movable jaw bodies 53 on the movable spindle body 32. The shaft workpieces 4 are clamped and fixed on the movable jaw bodies 53, and the movable spindle body 32 can drive the shaft workpieces 4 to perform rotational processing.

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the fixed spindle assembly 2 includes a fixed spindle box 21 fixedly mounted on the upper end of the fixed base 11. A fixed spindle body 22 for shaft-type workpieces 4 to pass through is rotatably mounted inside the fixed spindle box 21. Both ends of the fixed spindle body 22 extend to the outside of the fixed spindle box 21. A fixed clamping mechanism 7 is provided at one end of the fixed spindle body 22 near the movable spindle assembly 3, and a fixed spindle rotation cylinder 71 is provided at the other end of the fixed spindle body 22 away from the movable spindle assembly 3. The fixed spindle rotation cylinder 71 can drive the fixed spindle body 22 to rotate. The fixed spindle box 21 facilitates the fixed spindle body 22 to be fixedly mounted on the fixed base 11.

[0032] Furthermore, the fixed clamping mechanism 7 includes a fixed jaw seat 72 disposed at one end of the fixed spindle body 22 near the movable spindle assembly 3. One end face of the fixed jaw seat 72 is provided with a plurality of fixed jaw bodies 73 for clamping shaft-type workpieces 4. The fixed jaw bodies 73 are evenly distributed circumferentially, forming a workpiece positioning channel 74 between them. One side of each fixed jaw body 73 is provided with rollers 75 facing the workpiece positioning channel 74 and abutting against the outer side of the shaft-type workpiece 4. The shaft-type workpiece 4 passes sequentially through the workpiece positioning channel 74 and the fixed jaw body 73. The gripper seat 72 is inserted into the inside of the fixed spindle body 22. The workpiece positioning channel 74 facilitates the insertion of the shaft workpiece 4 into the fixed spindle body 22. The fixed gripper body 73 can fix and clamp the shaft workpiece 4. The roller 75 guides the shaft workpiece 4 and reduces friction, thus reducing damage to the shaft workpiece 4. The fixed gripper body 73 is fixedly mounted on the fixed spindle body 22 through the fixed gripper seat 72, and the fixed spindle body 22 can drive the shaft workpiece 4 to rotate for processing through the fixed gripper body 73.

[0033] The concealed center mechanism 6 includes a concealed center assembly 61 axially movable on the inner side of the fixed spindle body 22. The fixed spindle box 21 is provided with a center movable drive assembly 62 located outside the fixed spindle rotary cylinder 71 and capable of driving the concealed center assembly 61 to move axially along the fixed spindle body 22. The concealed center assembly 61 can press one end of the shaft workpiece 4, improving the rigidity of the shaft workpiece 4 and ensuring the processing effect of the shaft workpiece 4. The center movable drive assembly 62 can adjust the exposed length of the shaft workpiece 4, further improving the clamping rigidity of the shaft workpiece 4 and ensuring the processing effect of the shaft workpiece 4.

[0034] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the center-moving drive assembly 62 includes an L-shaped hydraulic cylinder mounting bracket 621 located on the outer side of the fixed spindle box 21 away from the movable spindle assembly 3. One end of the hydraulic cylinder mounting bracket 621 is mounted on the fixed spindle box 21, and the other end is equipped with a drive cylinder 622. The hydraulic cylinder 622 can be easily fixed on the fixed spindle box 21 by fixing the hydraulic rod to the mounting bracket 621. The drive cylinder 622 can control the length of the built-in center assembly 61, ensuring the pressing effect on the shaft workpiece 4, improving the rigidity of the shaft workpiece 4, and ensuring the processing effect.

[0035] The internal center assembly 61 includes a pull tube 611 axially disposed on the inner side of the fixed spindle body 22. One end of the pull tube 611 is movably inserted through a center body 612 that abuts against one end face of the shaft workpiece 4. The other end of the pull tube 611 is inserted into the inner side of the fixed spindle rotary cylinder 71. The center body 612 is connected to one end of a connecting screw 613 movably inserted into the pull tube 611. The other end of the connecting screw 613 is connected to the piston rod 615 of the drive cylinder 622 through a floating joint 614. A graphite copper sleeve 616 is slidably disposed inside the pull tube 611 on the outer side of 614. The graphite copper sleeve 616 can play a lubricating role, reducing the friction between the floating joint 614 and the pull tube 611. The floating joint 614 can fix the piston rod 615 to the connecting screw 613. The piston rod 615 and the connecting screw 613 can drive the center body 612 to press against the shaft workpiece 4, improving the clamping effect of the shaft workpiece 4, increasing rigidity, and ensuring the processing effect of the shaft workpiece 4.

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, a machining method suitable for swallowing vibration-resistant machining of slender workpieces is disclosed. This method includes the following steps:

[0037] S1: The movable clamping mechanism 5 clamps one end of the shaft workpiece 4, and the built-in center mechanism 6 inside the fixed spindle assembly 2 extends out to press against the center hole of the other end of the shaft workpiece 4. The tool processes the outer circle A section of the shaft workpiece 4. After the A section is processed, it provides the outer circle clamping position for the fixed clamping mechanism 7. During this process, the B, C, and D sections located in the middle of the workpiece are not processed to avoid vibration during processing.

[0038] S2: After the outer circle of section A is machined, the fixed clamping mechanism 7 is released, the movable spindle assembly 3 and the built-in center mechanism 6 move to the left at the same time, swallowing the shaft workpiece 4A section into the fixed clamping mechanism 7 and the fixed spindle assembly 2 and clamping it through the fixed clamping mechanism 7. Sections B and D of the workpiece are machined, but section C, which is located in the middle of the workpiece, is not machined to prevent vibration during machining.

[0039] S3: After the outer diameters of sections B and D are machined, the fixed clamping mechanism 7 is released, and the movable spindle assembly 3 and the internal center mechanism 6 move to the left simultaneously again, swallowing the shaft workpiece 4B section into the fixed clamping mechanism 7 and the fixed spindle assembly 2 and clamping it through the fixed clamping mechanism 7, and then machining section C of the workpiece.

[0040] In steps S2 and S3, the movement of the movable spindle assembly 3 is achieved by the driver driving the movable seat 12 to slide horizontally along the base 11. The movement of the movable spindle assembly 3 and the built-in center mechanism 6 must be synchronized.

[0041] The principle of this embodiment is as follows: one end of the shaft workpiece 4 is fixedly mounted on the fixed spindle body 22 by a movable clamping mechanism 5, and the other end of the shaft workpiece 4 is fixedly mounted on the fixed spindle body 22 by a fixed clamping mechanism 7, with the internal center mechanism 6 extending out and pressing against the end. The tool processes section A. When section A is processed, the fixed clamping mechanism 7 is released, and the internal center mechanism 6 and the movable spindle assembly 4 synchronously drive the shaft workpiece 4 to move towards the fixed spindle assembly 2. When section A is swallowed into the fixed clamping mechanism 7 and passes through the fixed clamping mechanism 5, the shaft workpiece 4 is moved towards the fixed spindle assembly 22. When the fixed clamping mechanism 7 clamps segment A, segments B and D are processed. After segments B and D are processed, the fixed clamping mechanism 7 is released, and the built-in center mechanism 6 and the movable spindle assembly 4 synchronously drive the shaft workpiece 4 to move towards the fixed spindle assembly 2. When segment B is swallowed into the fixed clamping mechanism 7 and clamped by the fixed clamping mechanism 7, segment C is processed. By continuously swallowing the shaft workpiece 4, the distance between the processing area and the clamping area is reduced, which can ensure the rigidity of the shaft workpiece 4 and ensure the processing effect.

[0042] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0043] Although this article uses a lot of terms such as base 1, fixed seat 11, movable seat 12, fixed spindle assembly 2, fixed spindle box 21, fixed spindle body 22, movable spindle assembly 3, movable spindle box 31, movable spindle body 32, shaft workpiece 4, movable clamping mechanism 5, movable spindle rotary cylinder 51, movable jaw seat 52, movable jaw body 53, built-in center mechanism 6, built-in center assembly 61, pull tube 611, center body 612, connecting screw 613, floating joint 614, piston rod 615, graphite copper sleeve 616, center movable drive assembly 62, hydraulic cylinder fixing frame 621, drive cylinder 622, fixed clamping mechanism 7, fixed spindle rotary cylinder 71, fixed jaw seat 72, fixed jaw body 73, workpiece positioning channel 74, roller 75, etc., the possibility of using other terms cannot be ruled out. The use of these terms is merely for the convenience of describing and explaining the nature of the invention; interpreting them as any kind of additional limitation would be contrary to the spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. An axially following anti-vibration fixture suitable for machining slender shafts, comprising a base (1), wherein one end of the base (1) has a fixed seat (11) and the other end is movably provided with a movable seat (12) capable of moving toward the fixed seat (11), characterized in that, The fixed base (11) is provided with a fixed spindle assembly (2) at its upper end and the movable base (12) is provided with a movable spindle assembly (3) at its upper end. The movable spindle assembly (3) is provided with a movable clamping mechanism (5) for clamping and positioning one end of the shaft workpiece (4) at one end near the fixed spindle assembly (2). An internal center mechanism (6) is provided in the fixed spindle assembly (2) to abut against the other end face of the shaft workpiece (4) and to move toward or away from the movable spindle assembly (3). The fixed spindle assembly (2) is provided with a fixed clamping mechanism (7) for the shaft workpiece (4) and / or the internal center mechanism (6) to pass through and to clamp and position the outer side of the shaft workpiece (4) at one end near the movable spindle assembly (3).

2. The axially following anti-vibration fixture suitable for machining slender shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable spindle assembly (3) includes a movable spindle box (31) fixedly mounted on the upper end of the movable seat (12). A movable spindle body (32) is rotatably mounted inside the movable spindle box (31). Both ends of the movable spindle body (32) extend to the outside of the movable spindle box (31). The movable clamping mechanism (5) is located at one end of the movable spindle body (32) close to the fixed spindle assembly (2) and at the other end of the movable spindle body (32) away from the fixed spindle assembly (2), a movable spindle rotary cylinder (51) is provided.

3. An axially following anti-vibration fixture suitable for machining slender shafts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The movable clamping mechanism (5) includes a movable jaw seat (52) located at one end of the movable spindle body (32) near the fixed spindle assembly (2). The movable jaw seat (52) has a plurality of movable jaw bodies (53) uniformly arranged circumferentially on its end face for clamping shaft workpieces (4).

4. An axially following anti-vibration fixture suitable for machining slender shafts according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The fixed spindle assembly (2) includes a fixed spindle box (21) fixedly mounted on the upper end of the fixed seat (11). The fixed spindle box (21) is rotatably provided with a fixed spindle body (22) for shaft workpieces (4) to pass through. The two ends of the fixed spindle body (22) extend to the outside of the fixed spindle box (21). The fixed clamping mechanism (7) is located at one end of the fixed spindle body (22) near the movable spindle assembly (3) and a fixed spindle rotary cylinder (71) is provided at the other end of the fixed spindle body (22) away from the movable spindle assembly (3).

5. An axially following anti-vibration fixture suitable for machining slender shafts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fixed clamping mechanism (7) includes a fixed jaw seat (72) located at one end of the fixed spindle body (22) near the movable spindle assembly (3). The fixed jaw seat (72) has a plurality of fixed jaw bodies (73) for clamping shaft workpieces (4) on one end face. The fixed jaw bodies (73) are evenly distributed around the periphery and form a workpiece positioning channel (74) between the fixed jaw bodies (73). The fixed jaw bodies (73) are respectively provided with rollers (75) facing the workpiece positioning channel (74) and abutting against the outside of the shaft workpiece (4) on one side. The shaft workpiece (4) passes through the workpiece positioning channel (74) and the fixed jaw seat (72) in sequence and enters the inside of the fixed spindle body (22).

6. An axially following anti-vibration fixture suitable for machining slender shafts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The built-in center mechanism (6) includes a built-in center assembly (61) that is axially movable on the inner side of the fixed spindle body (22). The fixed spindle box (21) is provided with a center moving drive assembly (62) located outside the fixed spindle rotary cylinder (71) and capable of driving the built-in center assembly (61) to move axially along the fixed spindle body (22) at one end away from the moving spindle assembly (3).

7. An axially following anti-vibration fixture suitable for machining slender shafts according to claim 6, characterized in that, The aforementioned top active drive assembly (62) includes an L-shaped hydraulic cylinder mounting bracket (621) located on the outer side of the fixed spindle box (21) away from the active spindle assembly (3). One end of the hydraulic cylinder mounting bracket (621) is mounted on the fixed spindle box (21), and the other end is provided with a drive cylinder (622).

8. An axially following anti-vibration fixture suitable for machining slender shafts according to claim 7, characterized in that, The built-in center assembly (61) includes a pull tube (611) axially arranged on the inner side of the fixed spindle body (22). One end of the pull tube (611) is movably inserted with a center body (612) that abuts against one end face of the shaft workpiece (4). The other end of the pull tube (611) is inserted into the inner side of the fixed spindle rotary cylinder (71). The center body (612) is connected to one end of a connecting screw (613) movably inserted in the pull tube (611). The other end of the connecting screw (613) is connected to the piston rod (615) of the drive cylinder (622) through a floating joint (614). A graphite copper sleeve (616) is slidably arranged in the pull tube (611) on the outside of the floating joint (614).

9. A machining method using an axially traveling anti-vibration fixture suitable for machining slender shafts as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, This method Includes the following steps: S1: The movable clamping mechanism (5) clamps one end of the shaft workpiece (4), and the internal center mechanism (6) inside the fixed spindle assembly (2) extends out to press against the center hole of the other end of the shaft workpiece (4). The tool processes the outer circle A section of the shaft workpiece (4), and the A section provides the outer circle clamping position for the fixed clamping mechanism (7) after processing. S2: After the outer circle of section A is machined, the fixed clamping mechanism (7) is released, the movable spindle assembly (3) and the internal center mechanism (6) move to the left at the same time, swallowing the shaft workpiece (4) section A into the fixed clamping mechanism (7) and the fixed spindle assembly (2) and clamping it through the fixed clamping mechanism (7), and machining section B and section D of the workpiece; S3: After the outer diameters of sections B and D are machined, the fixed clamping mechanism (7) is released, and the movable spindle assembly (3) and the internal center mechanism (6) move to the left at the same time, swallowing the B section position of the shaft workpiece (4) into the fixed clamping mechanism (7) and the fixed spindle assembly (2) and clamping it through the fixed clamping mechanism (7) to machine section C of the workpiece.

10. The processing method according to claim 9, characterized in that, In steps S2 and S3, the movement of the movable spindle assembly (3) is achieved by the driver driving the movable seat (12) to slide horizontally along the base (11). The movement of the movable spindle assembly (3) and the built-in tip mechanism (6) must be synchronized.

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