A completely decoupled automatic feeding device with built-in rotating shaft based on wireless power supply communication

Abstract

The application discloses a rotary shaft built-in complete decoupling automatic feeding device and belongs to the field of numerical control rotary machining feeding mechanisms. In order to solve the problems of traditional rotary feeding mechanism motion interference, slip ring wear, poor transmission precision, and the fact that wireless power supply cannot drive a high-power feeding unit, the device is composed of a fixed end wireless power supply communication assembly, a rotary shaft built-in rotary function assembly and a rotary shaft, adopts coaxial coil non-contact transmission of high-power electric energy and bidirectional control signals, is provided with two sets of mechanical coupling independent power systems, an external main shaft is responsible for rotary shaft rotation, a built-in micro motor independently drives a feeding execution mechanism, and rotary and feeding motions are completely decoupled. A rotary shaft built-in position sensor forms wireless full closed loop control, and in combination with replaceable transmission assemblies, axial, radial and micro precision feeding can be realized; the application discards contact type conductive components, transmission error is small, service life is long, and the application can be widely adapted to various rotary machining equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of feed mechanisms for CNC rotary machining equipment, specifically a fully decoupled automatic feed device with a built-in rotating shaft. This device can independently complete high-precision axial and radial micro-feed operations under high-speed shaft rotation conditions, and is widely applicable to various rotary machining equipment such as automatic eccentric chucks, core-pulling friction stir welding heads, automatic variable-diameter boring tools, CNC rotary tables, and rotary machining tools. Background Technology

[0002] Current rotary CNC machining equipment generally requires high-speed spindle rotation and high-precision feed to be performed simultaneously. Existing mainstream feed mechanisms have inherent technical flaws, making it difficult to balance performance and operational reliability. Existing solutions mainly fall into two categories:

[0003] The first type is the external mechanical transmission feed mechanism, where the power source is external and power is transmitted through gears and differential gear trains. This structure has an excessively long transmission link, low integration, and the accumulation of errors in multi-stage transmissions, making it unable to meet the requirements of precision machining; at the same time, the rotation and feed motions are mechanically bound together, resulting in significant motion interference problems.

[0004] The second type is the contact-type built-in feed mechanism, where the drive components are integrated inside the rotating shaft, relying on slip rings and brushes to transmit electrical energy and signals through contact. The brushes and slip rings experience continuous friction and wear, resulting in a short equipment lifespan and high maintenance costs; furthermore, the drive unit and the spindle rotation structure are mechanically linked, making it impossible to completely separate the two types of motion.

[0005] Although there is research on wireless power supply for rotating shafts in the industry at present, it is limited to powering small, low-power devices such as sensors and ultrasonic modules, and does not include a high-power feed drive system. Conventional modifications simply replace slip rings with wireless power supply, which only solves the wear problem and fails to break through the structural constraints of traditional mechanical linkage. The core problem of interference between rotation and feed motion still exists.

[0006] In summary, existing technologies suffer from multiple drawbacks, such as insufficient precision, easy wear and tear, and inability to move independently. The industry urgently needs a feeding device with a completely new structure and working logic. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the inherent limitations of traditional structural designs and wireless power supply. Addressing the pain points of existing mechanisms, such as large transmission errors, easy wear of contact parts, and interference between rotational and feed movements, this invention proposes a fully decoupled automatic feed device with a built-in rotating shaft. This invention innovatively adopts high-power wireless power supply and a fully built-in independent power architecture, integrating the feed drive, transmission, and execution units entirely within the rotating shaft. It utilizes non-contact wireless technology to achieve power and signal transmission, establishing two independent power systems without mechanical linkage, truly achieving complete decoupling of rotational and feed movements. The device features high positioning accuracy, no mechanical wear, compact structure, wide adaptability, and long service life.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is a fully decoupled automatic feeding device with built-in rotating shaft, including a fixed end wireless transmission component, a rotating end functional component and a rotary shaft (7).

[0009] The fixed-end wireless transmission component is fixed to the equipment rack and is connected to an external power supply unit and the whole machine control system.

[0010] The rotating end functional component is integrated in the internal cavity of the rotary shaft (7) and rotates synchronously with the rotary shaft (7); the rotating end functional component includes a wireless receiving module (1), a built-in drive motor (4), a transmission connector (5) and a feed execution module (6). The wireless receiving module (1) is electrically connected to the built-in drive motor (4) through a motor power cable (2) and a motor control signal cable (3). The built-in drive motor (4) drives the feed execution module (6) to operate through the transmission connector (5).

[0011] The fixed-end wireless transmission component and the wireless receiving module (1) transmit electrical energy and bidirectional control signals in a non-contact manner; the rotary shaft (7) is independently driven to rotate by the external spindle power, and the built-in drive motor (4) serves as an independent power source to drive the feed execution module (6) to realize the feed action. The external spindle power and the built-in drive motor power are independent of each other and have no mechanical coupling, so that the rotational motion of the rotary shaft (7) and the feed motion of the feed execution module (6) are completely decoupled; the feed execution module (6) performs the feed action only when the fixed-end wireless transmission component outputs electrical energy and control commands.

[0012] Furthermore, the fixed-end wireless transmission component is a wireless power supply communication module (0), which integrates a ring transmitting coil and a signal transmitting unit; the wireless receiving module (1) integrates a ring receiving coil and a signal receiving unit; the ring transmitting coil and the ring receiving coil are arranged coaxially opposite each other, with a fixed air gap reserved between them.

[0013] Furthermore, the annular transmitting coil is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft (7) and remains stationary, while the annular receiving coil is fixed to the inner wall of the rotating shaft (7) and rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft (7).

[0014] Furthermore, the fixed-end wireless transmission component and the wireless receiving module (1) transmit electrical energy through electromagnetic induction and realize bidirectional interaction of control signals and equipment status signals through near-field communication technology.

[0015] Furthermore, the built-in drive motor (4) is a micro servo motor or a micro stepper motor, which can realize stepless speed regulation of feed action and high-precision corner positioning.

[0016] Furthermore, the transmission connector (5) can be any one of a direct coupling, a bevel gear transmission assembly, or a cylindrical gear transmission assembly; the direct coupling realizes direct axial power transmission, the bevel gear transmission assembly realizes axial and radial power reversal transmission, and the cylindrical gear transmission assembly adjusts the transmission ratio through the tooth number ratio to realize deceleration and micro-feed.

[0017] Furthermore, the feed execution module (6) is a high-precision lead screw and nut pair, with the lead screw arranged axially along the rotary shaft (7) to output linear feed action.

[0018] Furthermore, when the fixed-end wireless transmission component stops outputting power and control signals, the built-in drive motor (4) is de-energized and locked, and the position of the feed execution module (6) remains locked; the rotary shaft (7) continues to rotate at any speed without changing the locked position of the feed execution module (6).

[0019] Furthermore, the internal cavity of the rotary shaft (7) is also equipped with a position detection sensor. The position detection sensor collects the position data of the feed execution module (6) and transmits it back to the whole machine control system in sequence through the wireless receiving module (1) and the fixed end wireless transmission component, thus forming a feed closed-loop control system.

[0020] Furthermore, this device can be applied to any of the following rotary machining equipment: automatic eccentric chuck, core-pulling friction stir welding head, automatic variable diameter boring tool, CNC rotary table, and rotary machining tool.

[0021] Working principle

[0022] This invention breaks through the industry's inherent understanding, abandons the traditional slip ring and brush contact power supply structure, and breaks the limitation of wireless power supply only serving low-power small devices. It is the first to create a fully built-in high-power feed system with a dual-power decoupled architecture. The device constructs two physically isolated independent power systems. The rotation power is driven by the external spindle of the equipment to rotate the rotary shaft (7). This power is only responsible for the rotation of the shaft and does not participate in the feed action;

[0023] The feed power is provided by the built-in drive motor (4) alone. It relies on the fixed-end wireless transmission component and the wireless receiving module (1) to complete the non-contact power and command transmission, and drive the feed execution module (6) to complete the feed.

[0024] The two power systems are completely decoupled, and the rotational speed and start / stop status of the shaft will not affect the position or movement of the feed mechanism, truly achieving complete motion decoupling. Combined with the built-in position detection sensor, this forms a fully closed-loop control, further improving feed positioning accuracy. When the wireless transmission component stops supplying power and transmitting signals, the drive motor locks, the feed position remains unchanged, and the shaft can rotate stably for extended periods. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fully decoupled automatic feed device built into the rotating shaft of the present invention.

[0026] Figure label:

[0027] (0) Wireless power supply and communication module; (1) Wireless receiving module; (2) Motor power cable; (3) Motor control signal cable; (4) Built-in drive motor; (5) Transmission connector; (6) Feed execution module; (7) Rotary shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can expand the application based on the content of this specification and make various modifications and variations without departing from the core concept of the present invention.

[0029] Basic Implementation

[0030] As shown in Figure 1, this device includes a fixedly installed wireless power supply and communication module (0), a wireless receiving module (1) integrated into the cavity of the rotary shaft (7), a built-in drive motor (4), a transmission connector (5), and a feed execution module (6).

[0031] The wireless power supply and communication module (0) is fixed to the equipment frame, and its ring-shaped transmitting coil surrounds the outside of the rotating shaft (7) and remains stationary; the wireless receiving module (1) is fixed to the inner wall of the rotating shaft (7), and the ring-shaped receiving coil is coaxially opposite to the transmitting coil, with an insulating air gap reserved in the middle. The wireless receiving module (1) is connected to the built-in drive motor (4) through a cable.

[0032] In this embodiment, the built-in drive motor (4) is a micro servo motor, the transmission connector (5) is a flexible direct coupling, and the feed execution module (6) is a ball screw and nut pair arranged along the shaft axis to achieve high-precision axial linear feed. The shaft integrates a grating-type position sensor to collect feed displacement data in real time and transmit it wirelessly, forming a fully closed-loop control system.

[0033] Variant Implementation

[0034] 1. Radial feed adaptation scheme: Replace the transmission connector (5) with a bevel gear transmission assembly to realize the conversion of axial power to radial power, and adapt to equipment that requires radial tool adjustment, such as automatic variable diameter boring tool and CNC rotary table.

[0035] 2. Ultra-precision micro-feed solution: Replace the transmission connector (5) with a cylindrical gear transmission assembly, use a large transmission ratio to achieve speed reduction, and complete micro-feed at the micrometer level. It is suitable for high-precision honing and precision boring scenarios.

[0036] The above specific embodiments are merely several optional embodiments of the present invention. Based on the technical solutions of the present invention and the relevant teachings of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make various alternative improvements and combinations to the above specific embodiments.

[0037] Beneficial effects

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] 1. Eliminate the contact conductive structure of slip rings and brushes, and rely on non-contact wireless transmission of electrical energy and signals to eliminate friction and wear problems, significantly reduce equipment maintenance costs and extend the service life of the whole machine;

[0040] 2. The rotational power and feed power are two completely independent systems without mechanical coupling. The rotational speed and start / stop of the shaft will not interfere with the feed position, thus completely solving the core pain point of motion interference in traditional structures.

[0041] 3. Overcoming the limitation that wireless power supply is only compatible with low-power sensors, it enables wireless power supply for high-power feed drive units, adapting to high-load feed conditions in CNC machining;

[0042] 4. An integrated position detection sensor is built inside the spindle to construct a fully closed-loop feed control system, which greatly improves the feed positioning accuracy;

[0043] 5. Different types of transmission connectors can be replaced to adapt to various machining scenarios such as axial straight feed, radial reversing feed, and micron-level micro feed, making the equipment more versatile and adaptable.

[0044] 6. All feed drive, transmission, and execution components are built into the inner cavity of the rotary shaft, resulting in a compact overall structure and a smaller installation space required.

Claims

1. A fully decoupled automatic feed device with a built-in rotating shaft, characterized in that, Includes a fixed-end wireless transmission component, a rotating-end functional component, and a rotary shaft (7); The fixed-end wireless transmission component is fixed to the equipment rack and is connected to an external power supply unit and the whole machine control system. The rotating end functional component is integrated and arranged in the cavity inside the rotary shaft (7), and rotates synchronously with the rotary shaft (7); the rotating end functional component includes a wireless receiving module (1), a built-in drive motor (4), a transmission connector (5), and a feed execution module (6); The wireless receiving module (1) is electrically connected to the built-in drive motor (4) through the motor power cable (2) and the motor control signal cable (3). The built-in drive motor (4) drives the feed execution module (6) to operate via the transmission connector (5). The fixed-end wireless transmission component and the wireless receiving module (1) transmit electrical energy and bidirectional control signals in a non-contact manner; The rotary shaft (7) is driven to rotate independently by the external spindle power. The built-in drive motor (4) serves as an independent power source to drive the feed execution module (6) to perform the feed action. The external spindle power and the built-in drive motor power are independent of each other and have no mechanical coupling, so that the rotary motion of the rotary shaft (7) and the feed motion of the feed execution module (6) are completely decoupled. The feed execution module (6) performs the feed action only when the fixed end wireless transmission component outputs power and control commands.

2. The fully decoupled automatic feed device with built-in rotating shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed-end wireless transmission component is a wireless power supply communication module (0), which integrates a ring transmitting coil and a signal transmitting unit; the wireless receiving module (1) integrates a ring receiving coil and a signal receiving unit; the ring transmitting coil and the ring receiving coil are arranged coaxially opposite each other, with a fixed air gap reserved between them.

3. The fully decoupled automatic feed device with built-in rotating shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that, The annular transmitting coil is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft (7) and remains stationary, while the annular receiving coil is fixed to the inner wall of the rotating shaft (7) and rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft (7).

4. The fully decoupled automatic feed device with built-in rotating shaft according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixed-end wireless transmission component and the wireless receiving module (1) transmit electrical energy through electromagnetic induction and achieve bidirectional interaction of control signals and device status signals through near-field communication technology.

5. The fully decoupled automatic feed device with built-in rotating shaft according to claim 4, characterized in that, The built-in drive motor (4) is a micro servo motor or a micro stepper motor, used to achieve stepless speed regulation and high-precision corner positioning of the feeding action.

6. The fully decoupled automatic feed device with built-in rotating shaft according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transmission connector (5) can be any one of a direct coupling, a bevel gear transmission assembly, or a cylindrical gear transmission assembly; the direct coupling realizes direct axial power transmission, the bevel gear transmission assembly realizes axial and radial power reversal transmission, and the cylindrical gear transmission assembly realizes deceleration and micro-feed by adjusting the transmission ratio through the tooth number matching ratio.

7. The fully decoupled automatic feed device with built-in rotating shaft according to claim 6, characterized in that, The feed execution module (6) is a high-precision lead screw and nut pair, with the lead screw arranged axially along the rotary shaft (7) to output linear feed action.

8. The fully decoupled automatic feed device with built-in rotating shaft according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the fixed-end wireless transmission component stops outputting power and control signals, the built-in drive motor (4) is de-energized and locked, and the position of the feed execution module (6) remains locked; the rotary shaft (7) continues to rotate at any speed without changing the locked position of the feed execution module (6).

9. The fully decoupled automatic feed device with built-in rotating shaft according to claim 8, characterized in that, The internal cavity of the rotary shaft (7) is also equipped with a position detection sensor. The position detection sensor collects the position data of the feed execution module (6) and transmits it back to the whole machine control system in sequence through the wireless receiving module (1) and the fixed end wireless transmission component, thus forming a feed closed-loop control system.

10. The fully decoupled automatic feed device with built-in rotating shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The device is applicable to any of the following rotary machining equipment: automatic eccentric chuck, core-pulling friction stir welding head, automatic variable diameter boring tool, CNC rotary table, and rotary machining tool.

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